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Macedo ACP, Bock PM, Saffi MAL, Madalosso MM, Lago PD, Casali KR, Schaan BD. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation changes glucose, but not its variability in type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20220282. [PMID: 38359288 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can be an alternative to conventional exercising. This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of NMES in type 2 diabetes patients. Twenty-eight individuals with type 2 diabetes were assigned to NMES (n=14) or NMES-placebo (n=14) applied to knee extensor muscles for 60 minutes. Glucose variability, microvascular function and endothelial function were evaluated through continuous glucose monitoring system, near infrared spectroscopy and flow-mediated dilatation, respectively. Glucose levels (mg/dl) decreased 2h (184 ± 11 vs 223 ±15), 3h (179 ± 12 vs 219 ±14) and 4h (177 ± 12 vs 212 ±12) after NMES, in comparison to NMES-placebo. No differences in glucose variability were found: coefficient of variation (%) at 0-6h (11.4±1.3 vs 11.4±1.2), 6-12h (9.8±1.0 vs 11.6±1.6), 12-18h (15.5±2.0 vs 11.4±2.1), 18-24h (12.8±2.3 vs 10.0±1.6); standard deviation (mg/dl) at 0-6h (21.6±2 vs 24.6±3.5), 6-12h (19.5±1.8 vs 20.3±2.8), 12-18h (29.9±3.5 vs 21.3±2.8),18-24h (22.8±4.1 vs 16.6±2.0) and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (mg/dl) 54.9±25.0 vs 70.3±35.7. Endothelial and microvascular functions did not change. In conclusion, one acute NMES session was strong enough to trigger glucose reduction in individuals with type 2 DM, but it failed to induce any significant change in glucose variability, endothelial and microvascular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C P Macedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Laboratório de Atividade Física, Diabetes e Doença Cardiovascular (LADD), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patricia M Bock
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Laboratório de Atividade Física, Diabetes e Doença Cardiovascular (LADD), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio L Saffi
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Laboratório de Atividade Física, Diabetes e Doença Cardiovascular (LADD), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Madalosso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departmento de Ciência e Tecnologia, Rua Talim, 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Laboratório de Atividade Física, Diabetes e Doença Cardiovascular (LADD), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Nascimento MA, Amorim HA, Scassola CMC, Cunha TS, Casali KR. Effect Of Controlled Ventilatory Maneuver On Military Performance In The Basic Military Shooting Test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000763388.64713.5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dipp T, Moraes-Silva IC, Dos Santos F, Casali KR, Morris M, Signori LU, De Angelis K, Aletti F, Irigoyen MC, Plentz RDM, Schaan BD. Acute ingestion of a high-fructose drink impairs vascular autonomic modulation and reflex control of blood pressure in first-degree relatives of diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 177:108793. [PMID: 33951480 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
First-degree relatives of diabetes patients, despite being euglycemic, presented impaired BRS and exacerbation of sympathetic modulation after ingestion of a high fructose drink when challenged to orthostatic stress. This finding alerts the importance of early autonomic dysfunction even in clinically healthy people, especially in face of a stressful situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dipp
- Cardiology Institute (IC)/Cardiology University Foundation (FUC) of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - I C Moraes-Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Dos Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K R Casali
- Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - M Morris
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - L U Signori
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - K De Angelis
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Aletti
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M C Irigoyen
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - R D M Plentz
- Cardiology Institute (IC)/Cardiology University Foundation (FUC) of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - B D Schaan
- Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Fogazzi DV, Neary JP, Sonza A, Reppold CT, Kaiser V, Scassola CM, Casali KR, Rasia-Filho AA. The prefrontal cortex conscious and unconscious response to social/emotional facial expressions involve sex, hemispheric laterality, and selective activation of the central cardiac modulation. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112773. [PMID: 32544509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The human prefrontal cortex (PFC) processes complex sensory information for the elaboration of social behaviors. The non-invasive neuroimaging technique near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) identifies hemodynamic changes and concentration of oxygenated (HbO2) and deoxygenated (HHb) hemoglobin in the cerebral cortex. We studied the responses detected by NIRS in the right and left PFC activation of 28 participants (n = 14 adult young females and males) while processing social/emotional facial expressions, i.e., in conscious perception of different expressions (neutral, happy, sad, angry, disgust, and fearful) and in unconscious/masked perception of negative expressions (fearful and disgust overlapped by neutral). The power spectral analysis from concomitant ECG signals revealed the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation of cardiac responses. We found higher HbO2 values in the right PFC of females than in males during, and in the left PFC after, following the conscious perception of the happy face. In males, the left PFC increased and the right PFC decreased HbO2 while viewing the happy expression. In both sexes, HHb values were higher during the masked presentation of disgust than fearful expression, and after the masked presentation of fearful expression than during it. Higher sympathetic and lower parasympathetic activity (LF/ HF components) occurred in females when consciously and unconsciously processing negative emotions (p < 0.05 in all cases). These results demonstrate that the human PFC displays a selective activation depending on sex, hemispheric laterality, attention, time for responding to conscious and unconscious emotionally loaded stimuli with simulataneous centrally modulated cardiovascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora V Fogazzi
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Graduation Program in Biosciences, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J Patrick Neary
- University of Regina, Centre for Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Regina, Canada
| | - Anelise Sonza
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Florianópolis,SC, Brazil
| | - Caroline T Reppold
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Department of Psychology, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Kaiser
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Department of Psychology, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil
| | - Catharina M Scassola
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto A Rasia-Filho
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Graduation Program in Biosciences, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Schein ASO, Corrêa APS, Macedo ACP, Dartora DR, da Silveira AD, Severo MD, Casali KR, Schaan BD. Acute inspiratory muscle exercise effect on glucose levels, glucose variability and autonomic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A crossover randomized trial. Auton Neurosci 2020; 226:102669. [PMID: 32416442 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2020.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inspiratory muscle exercise (IME) can be an alternative to conventional exercise. We aimed to evaluate the effect of IME on glucose, glucose variability, and autonomic cardiovascular control in type 2 diabetes. Fourteen diabetic subjects were randomly assigned to IME with 2% maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) or 60% PImax wearing a continuous glucose monitoring system for three days. Glucose variability [glucose variance (VAR), glucose coefficient of variation (CV%), glucose standard deviation (SD), and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE)] were evaluated. Glucose reduction was observed in 5 min (60% of PImax 33.2% and 2% of PImax 32.0%), 60 min (60% of PImax 29.6% and 2% of PImax 31.4%) and 120 min (60% of PImax 21.4% and 2% of PImax 24.0%) after IME (vs.1 h before the exercise), with no difference between loads. This reduction in glucose levels was observed in all moments of the IME protocol. Glucose variability was reduced after 12 h and 18 h of the IME (ΔCV: P < 0.001, ΔSD: P < 0.001 and ΔVAR: P < 0.001) for both loads. No difference was found in MAGE (P = 0.594) after IME. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate rose during the exercise session with 60% of PImax. Although sufficiently strong to induce cardiovascular changes, an inspiratory muscle exercise session with 60% of PImax in subjects with type 2 diabetes has failed to induce any significant improvement in glucose, glucose variability and autonomic control, compared to the 2% Plmax exercise session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa S O Schein
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Ana P S Corrêa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
| | - Aline C P Macedo
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela R Dartora
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal Depatment of pediatrics, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Mateus Dornelles Severo
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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6
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Eibel B, Kristochek M, Peres TR, Dias LD, Dartora DR, Casali KR, Kalil RAK, Lehnen AM, Irigoyen MC, Markoski MM. β-blockers interfere with cell homing receptors and regulatory proteins in a model of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 36:e12434. [PMID: 29752864 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the interference of β-blockers with the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) found in cell homing receptors, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4) and CXCR-7, and regulatory proteins of homing pathways, we administered atenolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, and propranolol for 30 days using an orogastric tube to hypertensive rats. METHOD We collected blood samples before and after treatment and quantified the levels of SDF-1 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). On day 30 of treatment, the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were euthanized, and heart, liver, lung, and kidney tissues were biopsied. Proteins were isolated for determining the expression of CXCR-4, CXCR-7, GRK-2 (G protein-coupled receptors kinase 2), β-arrestins (β1-AR and β2-AR), and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB). RESULTS We found that the study drugs modulated these proteins, and metoprolol and propranolol strongly affected the expression of β1-AR (P = .0102) and β2-AR (P = .0034). CONCLUSION β-blockers modulated tissue expression of the proteins and their interactions following 30 days of treatment. It evidences that this class of drugs can interfere with proteins of cell homing pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Eibel
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Melissa Kristochek
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thiago R Peres
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucinara D Dias
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela R Dartora
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Karina R Casali
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato A K Kalil
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Lehnen
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculdade Sogipa de Educação Física (SOGIPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Melissa M Markoski
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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7
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Casali KR, Schaan BD, Montano N, Massierer D, M F Neto F, Teló GH, Ledur PS, Reinheimer M, Sbruzzi G, Gus M. Correlation between Very Short and Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability in Diabetic-Hypertensive and Healthy Subjects. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 110:157-165. [PMID: 29561993 PMCID: PMC5855909 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood pressure (BP) variability can be evaluated by 24-hour ambulatory BP
monitoring (24h-ABPM), but its concordance with results from finger BP
measurement (FBPM) has not been established yet. Objective The aim of this study was to compare parameters of short-term (24h-ABPM) with
very short-term BP variability (FBPM) in healthy (C) and
diabetic-hypertensive (DH) subjects. Methods Cross-sectional study with 51 DH subjects and 12 C subjects who underwent
24h-ABPM [extracting time-rate, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of
variation (CV)] and short-term beat-to-beat recording at rest and after
standing-up maneuvers [FBPM, extracting BP and heart rate (HR) variability
parameters in the frequency domain, autoregressive spectral analysis].
Spearman correlation coefficient was used to correlate BP and HR variability
parameters obtained from both FBPM and 24h-ABPM (divided into daytime,
nighttime, and total). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results There was a circadian variation of BP levels in C and DH groups; systolic BP
and time-rate were higher in DH subjects in all periods evaluated. In C
subjects, high positive correlations were shown between time-rate index
(24h-ABPM) and LF component of short-term variability (FBPM, total, R =
0.591, p = 0.043); standard deviation (24h-ABPM) with LF component BPV
(FBPM, total, R = 0.608, p = 0.036), coefficient of variation (24h-ABPM)
with total BPV (FBPM, daytime, -0.585, p = 0.046) and alpha index (FBPM,
daytime, -0.592, p = 0.043), time rate (24h-ABPM) and delta LF/HF (FBPM,
total, R = 0.636, p = 0.026; daytime R = 0,857, p < 0.001). Records
obtained from DH showed weak positive correlations. Conclusions Indices obtained from 24h-ABPM (total, daytime) reflect BP and HR
variability evaluated by FBPM in healthy individuals. This does not apply
for DH subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina R Casali
- Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Divisão de Cardiologia - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Massierer
- Divisão de Cardiologia - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Flávio M F Neto
- Serviço de Cardiologia - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Gabriela H Teló
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Priscila S Ledur
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Marilia Reinheimer
- Serviço de Cardiologia - Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Graciele Sbruzzi
- Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Miguel Gus
- Divisão de Cardiologia - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
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8
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da Silva Gonçalves Bós D, Van Der Bruggen CEE, Kurakula K, Sun XQ, Casali KR, Casali AG, Rol N, Szulcek R, Dos Remedios C, Guignabert C, Tu L, Dorfmüller P, Humbert M, Wijnker PJM, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J, Goumans MJ, Bogaard HJ, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, de Man FS, Handoko ML. Contribution of Impaired Parasympathetic Activity to Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation 2017; 137:910-924. [PMID: 29167228 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.027451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of parasympathetic stimulation have been reported in left heart failure, but whether it would be beneficial for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains to be explored. Here, we investigated the relationship between parasympathetic activity and right ventricular (RV) function in patients with PAH, and the potential therapeutic effects of pyridostigmine (PYR), an oral drug stimulating the parasympathetic activity through acetylcholinesterase inhibition, in experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH). METHODS Heart rate recovery after a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test was used as a surrogate for parasympathetic activity. RV ejection fraction was assessed in 112 patients with PAH. Expression of nicotinic (α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) and muscarinic (muscarinic acetylcholine type 2 receptor) receptors, and acetylcholinesterase activity were evaluated in RV (n=11) and lungs (n=7) from patients with PAH undergoing heart/lung transplantation and compared with tissue obtained from controls. In addition, we investigated the effects of PYR (40 mg/kg per day) in experimental PH. PH was induced in male rats by SU5416 (25 mg/kg subcutaneously) injection followed by 4 weeks of hypoxia. In a subgroup, sympathetic/parasympathetic modulation was assessed by power spectral analysis. At week 6, PH status was confirmed by echocardiography, and rats were randomly assigned to vehicle or treatment (both n=12). At the end of the study, echocardiography was repeated, with additional RV pressure-volume measurements, along with lung, RV histological, and protein analyses. RESULTS Patients with PAH with lower RV ejection fraction (<41%) had a significantly reduced heart rate recovery in comparison with patients with higher RV ejection fraction. In PAH RV samples, α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor was increased and acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced versus controls. No difference in muscarinic acetylcholine type 2 receptor expression was observed. Chronic PYR treatment in PH rats normalized the cardiovascular autonomic function, demonstrated by an increase in parasympathetic activity and baroreflex sensitivity. PYR improved survival, increased RV contractility, and reduced RV stiffness, RV hypertrophy, RV fibrosis, RV inflammation, and RV α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and muscarinic acetylcholine type 2 receptor expression, as well. Furthermore, PYR reduced pulmonary vascular resistance, RV afterload, and pulmonary vascular remodeling, which was associated with reduced local and systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS RV dysfunction is associated with reduced systemic parasympathetic activity in patients with PAH, with an inadequate adaptive response of the cholinergic system in the RV. Enhancing parasympathetic activity by PYR improved survival, RV function, and pulmonary vascular remodeling in experimental PH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kondababu Kurakula
- VU University Medical Center / Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands.. Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (K.K., M.-J.G.)
| | - Xiao-Qing Sun
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Karina R Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil (K.R.C., A.G.C.)
| | - Adenauer G Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil (K.R.C., A.G.C.)
| | - Nina Rol
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Robert Szulcek
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Cris Dos Remedios
- Heart & Lung Transplant Unit, St. Vincent's Hospital and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Australia (C.d.R.)
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | - Ly Tu
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | - Marc Humbert
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.).,INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France (C.G., L.T., P.D., M.H.)
| | | | | | | | - Marie-José Goumans
- VU University Medical Center / Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands.. Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (K.K., M.-J.G.)
| | - Harm-Jan Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
| | - Frances S de Man
- Department of Pulmonology (D.d.S.G.B., C.E.V.D.B., X.-Q.S., N.R., R.S., H.-J.B., A.V.-N. F.S.d.M.)
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Silva FC, Paiva FA, Müller-Ribeiro FC, Caldeira HMA, Fontes MAP, de Menezes RCA, Casali KR, Fortes GH, Tobaldini E, Solbiati M, Montano N, Dias Da Silva VJ, Chianca DA. Chronic Treatment with Ivabradine Does Not Affect Cardiovascular Autonomic Control in Rats. Front Physiol 2016; 7:305. [PMID: 27507948 PMCID: PMC4960883 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A low resting heart rate (HR) would be of great benefit in cardiovascular diseases. Ivabradine—a novel selective inhibitor of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated (HCN) channels- has emerged as a promising HR lowering drug. Its effects on the autonomic HR control are little known. This study assessed the effects of chronic treatment with ivabradine on the modulatory, reflex and tonic cardiovascular autonomic control and on the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Male Wistar rats were divided in 2 groups, receiving intraperitoneal injections of vehicle (VEH) or ivabradine (IVA) during 7 or 8 consecutive days. Rats were submitted to vessels cannulation to perform arterial blood pressure (AP) and HR recordings in freely moving rats. Time series of resting pulse interval and systolic AP were used to measure cardiovascular variability parameters. We also assessed the baroreflex, chemoreflex and the Bezold-Jarish reflex sensitivities. To better evaluate the effects of ivabradine on the autonomic control of the heart, we performed sympathetic and vagal autonomic blockade. As expected, ivabradine-treated rats showed a lower resting (VEH: 362 ± 16 bpm vs. IVA: 260 ± 14 bpm, p = 0.0005) and intrinsic HR (VEH: 369 ± 9 bpm vs. IVA: 326 ± 11 bpm, p = 0.0146). However, the chronic treatment with ivabradine did not change normalized HR spectral parameters LF (nu) (VEH: 24.2 ± 4.6 vs. IVA: 29.8 ± 6.4; p > 0.05); HF (nu) (VEH: 75.1 ± 3.7 vs. IVA: 69.2 ± 5.8; p > 0.05), any cardiovascular reflexes, neither the tonic autonomic control of the HR (tonic sympathovagal index; VEH: 0.91± 0.02 vs. IVA: 0.88 ± 0.03, p = 0.3494). We performed the AP, HR and RSNA recordings in urethane-anesthetized rats. The chronic treatment with ivabradine reduced the resting HR (VEH: 364 ± 12 bpm vs. IVA: 207 ± 11 bpm, p < 0.0001), without affecting RSNA (VEH: 117 ± 16 vs. IVA: 120 ± 9 spikes/s, p = 0.9100) and mean arterial pressure (VEH: 70 ± 4 vs. IVA: 77 ± 6 mmHg, p = 0.3293). Our results suggest that, in health rats, the long-term treatment with ivabradine directly reduces the HR without changing the RSNA modulation and the reflex and tonic autonomic control of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil
| | - Franciny A Paiva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil
| | - Flávia C Müller-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Hypertension, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Henrique M A Caldeira
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Marco A P Fontes
- Laboratory of Hypertension, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C A de Menezes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Eleonora Tobaldini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Solbiati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Valdo J Dias Da Silva
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Deoclécio A Chianca
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro Preto, Brazil
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Corrêa APS, Figueira FR, Umpierre D, Casali KR, Schaan BD. Inspiratory muscle loading: a new approach for lowering glucose levels and glucose variability in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2015; 32:1255-7. [PMID: 25970646 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A P S Corrêa
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
| | - F R Figueira
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - D Umpierre
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - K R Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B D Schaan
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Tobaldini E, Proserpio P, Sambusida K, Lanza A, Redaelli T, Frigerio P, Fratticci L, Rosa S, Casali KR, Somers VK, Nobili L, Montano N. Preserved cardiac autonomic dynamics during sleep in subjects with spinal cord injuries. Sleep Med 2015; 16:779-84. [PMID: 25953303 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are associated with altered cardiovascular autonomic control (CAC). Sleep is characterized by modifications of autonomic control across sleep stages; however, no data are available in SCI subjects on CAC during sleep. We aim to assess cardiac autonomic modulation during sleep in subjects with SCI. PATIENTS AND METHODS 27 participants with a neurological and radiological diagnosis of cervical (Cerv, n = 12, ie, tetraplegic) and thoracic SCI (Thor, n = 15, ie, paraplegic) and healthy subjects (Controls) were enrolled. Overnight polysomnographic (PSG) recordings were obtained in all participants. Electrocardiography and respiration were extracted from PSG, divided into sleep stages [wakefulness (W), non-REM sleep (NREM) and REM] for assessment of CAC, using symbolic analysis (SA) and corrected conditional entropy (CCE). SA identified indices of sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation and CCE evaluated the degree of complexity of the heart period time series. RESULTS SA revealed a reduction of sympathetic and predominant parasympathetic control during NREM compared to W and REM in SCI patients, independent of the level of the lesion, similar to the Controls. In all three groups, complexity of autonomic regulation was higher in NREM compared to W and REM. CONCLUSIONS In subjects with SCI, cardiac autonomic control changed across sleep stages, with a reduction of sympathetic and an increase of parasympathetic modulation during NREM compared to W and REM, and a parallel increase of complexity during NREM, which was similar to the Controls. Cardiac autonomic dynamics during sleep are maintained in SCI, independent of the level of the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Tobaldini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ca' Granda IRCCS Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Cardiovascular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'L. Sacco', University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paola Proserpio
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Katrina Sambusida
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Lanza
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Redaelli
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Frigerio
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Fratticci
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Rosa
- Neurology Unit, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Karina R Casali
- Department of Science and Technology, Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Virend K Somers
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience, "Niguarda Ca' Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ca' Granda IRCCS Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Cardiovascular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'L. Sacco', University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Quagliotto E, Casali KR, Dal Lago P, Rasia-Filho AA. Neuropeptides in the posterodorsal medial amygdala modulate central cardiovascular reflex responses in awake male rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 48:128-39. [PMID: 25424367 PMCID: PMC4321218 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rat posterodorsal medial amygdala (MePD) links emotionally charged sensory stimuli to social behavior, and is part of the supramedullary control of the cardiovascular system. We studied the effects of microinjections of neuroactive peptides markedly found in the MePD, namely oxytocin (OT, 10 ng and 25 pg; n=6/group), somatostatin (SST, 1 and 0.05 μM; n=8 and 5, respectively), and angiotensin II (Ang II, 50 pmol and 50 fmol; n=7/group), on basal cardiovascular activity and on baroreflex- and chemoreflex-mediated responses in awake adult male rats. Power spectral and symbolic analyses were applied to pulse interval and systolic arterial pressure series to identify centrally mediated sympathetic/parasympathetic components in the heart rate variability (HRV) and arterial pressure variability (APV). No microinjected substance affected basal parameters. On the other hand, compared with the control data (saline, 0.3 µL; n=7), OT (10 ng) decreased mean AP (MAP50) after baroreflex stimulation and increased both the mean AP response after chemoreflex activation and the high-frequency component of the HRV. OT (25 pg) increased overall HRV but did not affect any parameter of the symbolic analysis. SST (1 μM) decreased MAP50, and SST (0.05 μM) enhanced the sympathovagal cardiac index. Both doses of SST increased HRV and its low-frequency component. Ang II (50 pmol) increased HRV and reduced the two unlike variations pattern of the symbolic analysis (P<0.05 in all cases). These results demonstrate neuropeptidergic actions in the MePD for both the increase in the range of the cardiovascular reflex responses and the involvement of the central sympathetic and parasympathetic systems on HRV and APV.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Quagliotto
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde/Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - K R Casali
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São José dos Campos, SP, Brasil
| | - P Dal Lago
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - A A Rasia-Filho
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde/Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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13
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Bertagnolli M, Casali KR, De Sousa FB, Rigatto K, Becker L, Santos SHS, Dias LD, Pinto G, Dartora DR, Schaan BD, Milan RDS, Irigoyen MC, Santos RAS. An orally active angiotensin-(1-7) inclusion compound and exercise training produce similar cardiovascular effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Peptides 2014; 51:65-73. [PMID: 24262271 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Low angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) concentration is observed in some cardiovascular diseases and exercise training seems to restore its concentration in the heart. Recently, a novel formulation of an orally active Ang-(1-7) included in hydroxy-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPB-CD) was developed and chronically administered in experimental models of cardiovascular diseases. The present study examined whether chronic administration of HPB-CD/Ang-(1-7) produces beneficial cardiovascular effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as to compare the results obtained with those produced by exercise training. Male SHR (15-week old) were divided in control (tap water) or treated with HPB-CD/Ang-(1-7) (corresponding to 30μgkg(-1)day(-1) of Ang-(1-7)) by gavage, concomitantly or not to exercise training (treadmill, 10 weeks). After chronic treatment, hemodynamic, morphometric and molecular analysis in the heart were performed. Chronic HPB-CD/Ang-(1-7) decreased arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate in SHR. The inclusion compound significantly improved left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure, restored the maximum and minimum derivatives (dP/dT) and decreased cardiac hypertrophy index in SHR. Chronic treatment improved autonomic control by attenuating sympathetic modulation on heart and vessels and the SAP variability, as well as increasing parasympathetic modulation and HR variability. Overall results were similar to those obtained with exercise training. These results show that chronic treatment with the HPB-CD/Ang-(1-7) inclusion compound produced beneficial effects in SHR resembling the ones produced by exercise training. This observation reinforces the potential cardiovascular therapeutic effect of this novel peptide formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Bertagnolli
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil; INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Frederico B De Sousa
- Instituto de Física e Química, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, 1303 Av. BPS, Itajubá, Minas Gerais 37500-903, Brazil; INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Katya Rigatto
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, 245 Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Lenice Becker
- INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Sergio H S Santos
- INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lucinara D Dias
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Graziela Pinto
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, 245 Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Daniela R Dartora
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2350 Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Ruben Dario Sinisterra Milan
- INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil; Heart Institute/Universidade de São Paulo, 44 Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403-900, Brazil; INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Robson A S Santos
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, 395 Av. Princesa Isabel, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90620-001, Brazil; INCT-Nanobiofar-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
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Tobaldini E, Nobili L, Strada S, Casali KR, Braghiroli A, Montano N. Heart rate variability in normal and pathological sleep. Front Physiol 2013; 4:294. [PMID: 24137133 PMCID: PMC3797399 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a physiological process involving different biological systems, from molecular to organ level; its integrity is essential for maintaining health and homeostasis in human beings. Although in the past sleep has been considered a state of quiet, experimental and clinical evidences suggest a noteworthy activation of different biological systems during sleep. A key role is played by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), whose modulation regulates cardiovascular functions during sleep onset and different sleep stages. Therefore, an interest on the evaluation of autonomic cardiovascular control in health and disease is growing by means of linear and non-linear heart rate variability (HRV) analyses. The application of classical tools for ANS analysis, such as HRV during physiological sleep, showed that the rapid eye movement (REM) stage is characterized by a likely sympathetic predominance associated with a vagal withdrawal, while the opposite trend is observed during non-REM sleep. More recently, the use of non-linear tools, such as entropy-derived indices, have provided new insight on the cardiac autonomic regulation, revealing for instance changes in the cardiovascular complexity during REM sleep, supporting the hypothesis of a reduced capability of the cardiovascular system to deal with stress challenges. Interestingly, different HRV tools have been applied to characterize autonomic cardiac control in different pathological conditions, from neurological sleep disorders to sleep disordered breathing (SDB). In summary, linear and non-linear analysis of HRV are reliable approaches to assess changes of autonomic cardiac modulation during sleep both in health and diseases. The use of these tools could provide important information of clinical and prognostic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Tobaldini
- Division of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco," L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan Milan, Italy
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15
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Lehnen AM, Leguisamo NM, Casali KR, Schaan BD. Progressive cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in rats with evolving metabolic syndrome. Auton Neurosci 2013; 176:64-9. [PMID: 23491326 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is linked to increased cardiovascular mortality, which may be partially attributed to cardiac sympatho-vagal imbalance. However, autonomic changes were not evaluated during the metabolic syndrome development in a monosodium glutamate-induced animal model. We evaluate temporal changes in cardiovascular autonomic modulation in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Eighteen neonate male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated with monosodium glutamate (MetS), and compared with Wistar-Kyoto (C) and saline-treated SHR (H). Lee index, insulin resistance and autonomic control (spectral analysis) were evaluated at 3 (3-mo), 6 (6-mo) and 9 (9-mo) months of age (compared by two-way ANOVA, p<0.05). Weight of visceral fat, Lee index and arterial pressure were higher in the MetS vs. C and H groups (p<0.001) at all ages. Heart rate variability (HRV) was decreased in the MetS and H groups at 3-mo and 9-mo vs. C. The LF component of HRV was reduced in the MetS group at 3-mo vs. C (p=0.032), and higher vs. C and H at 9-mo (p<0.001, all comparisons). H and MetS rats had a higher LF/HF index vs. C at 9-mo (p=0.001, all comparisons). The VLF component of systolic arterial pressure variability of the MetS was higher earlier (6-mo) than that of the H group. A reduction of 70%, 98% and 54% in αLF index of H and MetS rats vs. C, was observed at 3, 6 and 9 months, respectively. Metabolic syndrome and hypertension in rats evolve with progressive autonomic dysfunction (worst at 9 months), with specific derangements occurring very early.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lehnen
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Figueira FR, Umpierre D, Casali KR, Tetelbom PS, Henn NT, Ribeiro JP, Schaan BD. Aerobic and combined exercise sessions reduce glucose variability in type 2 diabetes: crossover randomized trial. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57733. [PMID: 23536769 PMCID: PMC3594238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effects of aerobic (AER) or aerobic plus resistance exercise (COMB) sessions on glucose levels and glucose variability in patients with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, we assessed conventional and non-conventional methods to analyze glucose variability derived from multiple measurements performed with continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). Methods Fourteen patients with type 2 diabetes (56±2 years) wore a CGMS during 3 days. Participants randomly performed AER and COMB sessions, both in the morning (24 h after CGMS placement), and at least 7 days apart. Glucose variability was evaluated by glucose standard deviation, glucose variance, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and glucose coefficient of variation (conventional methods) as well as by spectral and symbolic analysis (non-conventional methods). Results Baseline fasting glycemia was 139±05 mg/dL and HbA1c 7.9±0.7%. Glucose levels decreased immediately after AER and COMB protocols by ∼16%, which was sustained for approximately 3 hours. Comparing the two exercise modalities, responses over a 24-h period after the sessions were similar for glucose levels, glucose variance and glucose coefficient of variation. In the symbolic analysis, increases in 0 V pattern (COMB, 67.0±7.1 vs. 76.0±6.3, P = 0.003) and decreases in 1 V pattern (COMB, 29.1±5.3 vs. 21.5±5.1, P = 0.004) were observed only after the COMB session. Conclusions Both AER and COMB exercise modalities reduce glucose levels similarly for a short period of time. The use of non-conventional analysis indicates reduction of glucose variability after a single session of combined exercises. Trial Registration Aerobic training, aerobic-resistance training and glucose profile (CGMS) in type 2 diabetes (CGMS exercise). ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT00887094.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele R. Figueira
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniel Umpierre
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Karina R. Casali
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro S. Tetelbom
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nicoli T. Henn
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jorge P. Ribeiro
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D. Schaan
- Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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17
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Neckel H, Quagliotto E, Casali KR, Montano N, Dal Lago P, Rasia-Filho AA. Glutamate and GABA in the medial amygdala induce selective central sympathetic/parasympathetic cardiovascular responses. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:525-36. [DOI: 10.1139/y2012-024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) participate in central cardiovascular control, and are found in the rat posterodorsal medial amygdala (MePD), an area of the forebrain that modulates emotional/social behaviors. Here we tested whether these neurotransmitters in the MePD could change the basal activity, chemoreflex, and baroreflex cardiovascular responses in awake rats. Power spectral analysis and symbolic analysis were used to evaluate these responses. Microinjections of saline, glutamate (2 µg), or GABA (61 ng or 100 µg; n = 5–7 rats per group) did not affect basal parameters or chemoreflex responses. However, baroreflex responses showed marked changes. Glutamate increased power spectral and symbolic sympathetic indexes related to both cardiac and vascular modulations (P < 0.05). In turn, the displacement of the baroreflex half-maximal heart rate (HR) response was associated with a GABA (61 ng) mediated decrease in the upper plateau (P < 0.05). Administration of GABA (61 ng, but not 100 µg) also increased HR variability (P < 0.05), in association with parasympathetic activation. These data add novel evidence that the MePD can promote selective responses in the central regulation of the cardiovascular system, i.e., glutamate in the MePD evoked activation of a central sympathetic reflex adjustment, whereas GABA activated a central parasympathetic one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helinton Neckel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Course in Neurosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Edson Quagliotto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Course in Neurosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Karina R. Casali
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90620-000, Brazil
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Internal Medicine II, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Alberto A. Rasia-Filho
- Department of Basic Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Course in Neurosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS 90050-170, Brazil
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18
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Eibel B, Sbruzzi G, Dipp T, Casali KR, Plentz RDM. Functional electrical stimulation training on functional capacity and blood pressure variability in a centenarian woman: case study. Braz J Phys Ther 2011; 15:338-41. [PMID: 21877060 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-35552011005000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a rehabilitation method that can revert alterations provoked by aging, such as reductions in functional capacity and modifications on blood pressure variability (BPV). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the training effects of FES on functional capacity and BPV in a centenarian woman. METHODS A 101-year-old woman without previous disease underwent FES training for 12 weeks, with three 40 min sessions/week. FES was applied at a frequency of 20 Hz with a 0.5 ms pulse, 5 s contraction time, 10 s relaxation time, the maximum tolerable intensity and with progressive overload. Functional capacity was assessed with a six-minute walk test (6MWT) and proximal lower limb strength was assessed with a sit-and-stand test (STST). BPV was measured by continuous recording of pulse pressure and calculated by spectral analysis. All variables were measured before and after FES training. RESULTS After training there was a 70% increase in distance walked in the 6MWT, a 300% increase in the number of STST repetitions, an 8 mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 4 mmHg reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean blood pressure (MBP). Reductions in SBP (11.8 mmHg²), DBP (2.3 mmHg²) and MBP (6.0 mmHg²) variability were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Three months of FES training improved functional capacity and BPV in a centenarian woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Eibel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Fundação Universidade de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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19
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Dias LD, Casali KR, Leguisamo NM, Azambuja F, Souza MS, Okamoto M, Machado UF, Irigoyen MC, Schaan BD. Erratum to: Renal denervation in an animal model of diabetes and hypertension: Impact on the autonomic nervous system and nephropathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011. [PMCID: PMC3123179 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-10-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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20
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Santaella DF, Devesa CRS, Rojo MR, Amato MBP, Drager LF, Casali KR, Montano N, Lorenzi-Filho G. Yoga respiratory training improves respiratory function and cardiac sympathovagal balance in elderly subjects: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2011; 1:e000085. [PMID: 22021757 PMCID: PMC3191432 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since ageing is associated with a decline in pulmonary function, heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex, and recent studies suggest that yoga respiratory exercises may improve respiratory and cardiovascular function, we hypothesised that yoga respiratory training may improve respiratory function and cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy elderly subjects. DESIGN 76 healthy elderly subjects were enrolled in a randomised control trial in Brazil and 29 completed the study (age 68 ± 6 years, 34% males, body mass index 25 ± 3 kg/m²). Subjects were randomised into a 4-month training program (2 classes/week plus home exercises) of either stretching (control, n=14) or respiratory exercises (yoga, n=15). Yoga respiratory exercises (Bhastrika) consisted of rapid forced expirations followed by inspiration through the right nostril, inspiratory apnoea with generation of intrathoracic negative pressure, and expiration through the left nostril. Pulmonary function, maximum expiratory and inspiratory pressures (PE(max) and PI(max), respectively), heart rate variability and blood pressure variability for spontaneous baroreflex determination were determined at baseline and after 4 months. RESULTS Subjects in both groups had similar demographic parameters. Physiological variables did not change after 4 months in the control group. However, in the yoga group, there were significant increases in PE(max) (34%, p<0.0001) and PI(max) (26%, p<0.0001) and a significant decrease in the low frequency component (a marker of cardiac sympathetic modulation) and low frequency/high frequency ratio (marker of sympathovagal balance) of heart rate variability (40%, p<0.001). Spontaneous baroreflex did not change, and quality of life only marginally increased in the yoga group. CONCLUSION Respiratory yoga training may be beneficial for the elderly healthy population by improving respiratory function and sympathovagal balance. Trial Registration CinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00969345; trial registry name: Effects of respiratory yoga training (Bhastrika) on heart rate variability and baroreflex, and quality of life of healthy elderly subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo F Santaella
- Sleep Laboratory, Pneumology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Sports Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar R S Devesa
- Sleep Laboratory, Pneumology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos R Rojo
- Sports Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo B P Amato
- Experimental Laboratory, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano F Drager
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Clinical Hospital, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Internal Medicine II, Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Internal Medicine II, Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
- Sleep Laboratory, Pneumology Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Dias LD, Casali KR, Leguisamo NM, Azambuja F, Souza MS, Okamoto M, Machado UF, Irigoyen MC, Schaan BD. Renal denervation in an animal model of diabetes and hypertension: impact on the autonomic nervous system and nephropathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011; 10:33. [PMID: 21496329 PMCID: PMC3110548 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-10-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of renal denervation on cardiovascular reflexes and markers of nephropathy in diabetic-hypertensive rats have not yet been explored. Methods Aim: To evaluate the effects of renal denervation on nephropathy development mechanisms (blood pressure, cardiovascular autonomic changes, renal GLUT2) in diabetic-hypertensive rats. Forty-one male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) ~250 g were injected with STZ or not; 30 days later, surgical renal denervation (RD) or sham procedure was performed; 15 days later, glycemia and albuminuria (ELISA) were evaluated. Catheters were implanted into the femoral artery to evaluate arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate variability (spectral analysis) one day later in conscious animals. Animals were killed, kidneys removed, and cortical renal GLUT2 quantified (Western blotting). Results Higher glycemia (p < 0.05) and lower mean AP were observed in diabetics vs. nondiabetics (p < 0.05). Heart rate was higher in renal-denervated hypertensive and lower in diabetic-hypertensive rats (384.8 ± 37, 431.3 ± 36, 316.2 ± 5, 363.8 ± 12 bpm in SHR, RD-SHR, STZ-SHR and RD-STZ-SHR, respectively). Heart rate variability was higher in renal-denervated diabetic-hypertensive rats (55.75 ± 25.21, 73.40 ± 53.30, 148.4 ± 93 in RD-SHR, STZ-SHR- and RD-STZ-SHR, respectively, p < 0.05), as well as the LF component of AP variability (1.62 ± 0.9, 2.12 ± 0.9, 7.38 ± 6.5 in RD-SHR, STZ-SHR and RD-STZ-SHR, respectively, p < 0.05). GLUT2 renal content was higher in all groups vs. SHR. Conclusions Renal denervation in diabetic-hypertensive rats improved previously reduced heart rate variability. The GLUT2 equally overexpressed by diabetes and renal denervation may represent a maximal derangement effect of each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinara D Dias
- Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Tobaldini E, Viola A, Chellappa S, Porta A, Casali KR, Montano N. Age‐related changes in autonomic control during sleep: symbolic and complexity analyses of heart rate variability. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.625.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Tobaldini
- Department of Clinical SciencesSacco HospitalUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Antoine Viola
- Centre for ChronobiologyUniversity of BAselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Sara Chellappa
- Centre for ChronobiologyUniversity of BAselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Alberto Porta
- Department of Technologies for HealthGaleazzi Orthopedic InstituteUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Karina R Casali
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical SciencesSacco HospitalUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
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Abstract
We validated a symbolic approach to assess autonomic modulation from pulse interval (PI) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) series obtained from an animal model of chronic heart failure (CHF). We studied three groups of rats: controls; CHF animals; CHF animals treated with spironolactone (CHF-SP), reducing sympathetic activity in CHF. Simulations confirmed that symbolic analysis captures modifications of cardiovascular regulation in the case of fast dynamics and negligible variance. While spectral indexes did not reveal any significant difference among groups, symbolic analysis pointed out that sympathetic modulation is reduced in CHF group and restored to basal values in CHF-SP one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Tobaldini
- Laboratorio di Modellistica di Sistemi Complessi, Dipartimento di Tecnologie per Salute, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
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Quagliotto E, Neckel H, Riveiro DF, Casali KR, Mostarda C, Irigoyen MC, Dall'ago P, Rasia-Filho AA. Histamine in the posterodorsal medial amygdala modulates cardiovascular reflex responses in awake rats. Neuroscience 2008; 157:709-19. [PMID: 18955117 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Revised: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Centrally injected histamine (HA) affects heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (BP), and sympathetic activity in rats. The posterodorsal medial amygdala (MePD) has high levels of histidine decarboxylase, connections with brain areas involved with the modulation of cardiovascular responses, and is relevant for the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, there is no report demonstrating the role of the MePD histaminergic activity on the cardiovascular function in awake rats. The aims of the present work were: 1) to study the effects of two doses (10-100 nM) of HA microinjected in the MePD on basal cardiovascular recordings and on baroreflex- and chemoreflex-mediated responses; 2) to reveal whether cardiovascular reflex responses could be affected by MePD microinjections of (R)-alpha-methylhistamine (AH3), an agonist of the inhibitory autoreceptor H3; and, 3) to carry out a power spectral analysis to evaluate the contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic components in the variability of the HR and BP recordings. When compared with the control group (microinjected with saline, 0.3 microl), HA (10 nM) promoted an increase in the MAP50, i.e. the mean value of BP at half of the HR range evoked by the baroreflex response. Histamine (100 nM) did not affect the baroreflex activity, but significantly decreased the parasympathetic component of the HR variability, increased the sympathetic/parasympathetic balance at basal conditions (these two latter evaluated by the power spectral analysis), and promoted an impairment in the chemoreflex bradycardic response. Microinjection of AH3 (10 microM) led to mixed results, which resembled the effects of both doses of HA employed here. Present data suggest that cardiovascular changes induced by baroreceptors and chemoreceptors involve the histaminergic activity in the MePD. This neural regulation of reflex cardiovascular responses can have important implications for homeostatic and allostatic conditions and possibly for the behavioral displays modulated by the rat MePD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Quagliotto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, R. Sarmento Leite 245, Porto Alegre 90170-050 RS, Brazil
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Casali KR, Casali AG, Montano N, Irigoyen MC, Macagnan F, Guzzetti S, Porta A. Multiple testing strategy for the detection of temporal irreversibility in stationary time series. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 77:066204. [PMID: 18643347 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.066204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Revised: 11/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We propose a strategy for the detection of temporal irreversibility in stationary time series based on multiple bidimensional tests. The test is helpful to evaluate the displacement of irreversibility toward high dimensions. The test can be used independently of the theoretical functionals actually utilized to check irreversibility. The method was applied to simulated nonlinear signals generated by the delayed Henon map and a two-loop negative feedback model to show how the presence of a delay could produce the displacement of irreversibility toward higher dimensions. The method was applied also to series of a biological variable (i.e., heart period) that is known to be regulated by multiple feedback loops. Simulations and real data support the need of exploring progressively increasing embedding dimensions when assessing temporal irreversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina R Casali
- Physiology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Tobaldini E, Porta A, Casali KR, Francis J, Wei S, Weiss R, Zhang Z, Felder R, Montano N. Central mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism improves autonomic neural control in heart failure rats. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Porta
- Clinical SciencesUniversity of Milanvia GB Grassi 64MilanItaly
| | | | - Joseph Francis
- Internal MedicineCarver College of MedicineUniversity of Iowa200 Hawkins DriveIowa CityIA52242
| | - Shun‐Guang Wei
- Internal MedicineCarver College of MedicineUniversity of Iowa200 Hawkins DriveIowa CityIA52242
| | - Robert Weiss
- Internal MedicineCarver College of MedicineUniversity of Iowa200 Hawkins DriveIowa CityIA52242
| | - Zhi‐Hua Zhang
- Internal MedicineCarver College of MedicineUniversity of Iowa200 Hawkins DriveIowa CityIA52242
| | - Robert Felder
- Internal MedicineCarver College of MedicineUniversity of Iowa200 Hawkins DriveIowa CityIA52242
| | - Nicola Montano
- Clinical SciencesUniversity of Milanvia GB Grassi 64MilanItaly
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