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Mishio M, Sudo E, Ozaki H, Oguchi R, Fujimoto R, Fujii N, Hikosaka K. Heterotic growth of hybrids of Arabidopsis thaliana is enhanced by elevated atmospheric CO 2. Am J Bot 2024:e16317. [PMID: 38634444 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE With the global atmospheric CO2 concentration on the rise, developing crops that can thrive in elevated CO2 has become paramount. We investigated the potential of hybridization as a strategy for creating crops with improved growth in predicted elevated atmospheric CO2. METHODS We grew parent accessions and their F1 hybrids of Arabidopsis thaliana in ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 and analyzed numerous growth traits to assess their productivity and underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The heterotic increase in total dry mass, relative growth rate and leaf net assimilation rate was significantly greater in elevated CO2 than in ambient CO2. The CO2 response of net assimilation rate was positively correlated with the CO2 response of leaf nitrogen productivity and with that of leaf traits such as leaf size and thickness, suggesting that hybridization-induced changes in leaf traits greatly affected the improved performance in elevated CO2. CONCLUSIONS Vegetative growth of hybrids seems to be enhanced in elevated CO2 due to improved photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency compared with parents. The results suggest that hybrid crops should be well-suited for future conditions, but hybrid weeds may also be more competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Mishio
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Sudo
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ozaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Translational Research Support Section, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
| | - Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 2000, Kisaichi, Katano, 576-0004, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
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2
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Yoshida N, Morinaga SI, Wakamiya T, Ishii Y, Kubota S, Hikosaka K. Does selection occur at the intermediate zone of two insufficiently isolated populations? A whole-genome analysis along an altitudinal gradient. J Plant Res 2023; 136:183-199. [PMID: 36547771 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive divergence occurs even between insufficiently isolated populations when there is a great difference in environments between their habitats. Individuals present in an intermediate zone of the two divergent populations are expected to have an admixed genetic structure due to gene flow. A selective pressure that acts on the genetically admixed individuals may limit the gene flow and maintain the adaptive divergence. Here, we addressed a question whether selection occurs in the genetically admixed individuals between two divergent populations. Arabidopsis halleri is a perennial montane plant, which has clear phenotypic dimorphisms between highland and lowland habitats in Mt. Ibuki, central Japan. We obtained the whole-genome sequences of Arabidopsis halleri plants along an altitudinal gradient of 359-1,317 m with a high spatial resolution (mean altitudinal interval of 20 m). We found a zone where the highland and lowland genes were mixing (intermediate subpopulation). In the intermediate subpopulation, we identified 5 and 13 genome regions, which included 3 and 8 genes, that had a high frequency of alleles that are accumulated in highland and lowland subpopulations, respectively. In addition, we also found that the frequency of highland alleles of these selected genome regions was smaller in the lowland subpopulation compared with that of the non-selected regions. These results suggest that the selection in the intermediate subpopulation might limit the gene flow and contribute to the adaptive divergence between altitudes. We also identified 7 genome regions that had low heterozygote frequencies in the intermediate subpopulation. We conclude that different types of selection in addition to gene flow occur at the intermediate altitude and shape the genetic structure across altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 980-8578, Aoba, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichi Morinaga
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, 120-0045, Adachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Wakamiya
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 739-8528, Kagamiyama, Hiroshima, Higashi, Japan
| | - Yuu Ishii
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 980-8578, Aoba, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 980-8578, Aoba, Sendai, Japan
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3
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Oguchi R, Hanada K, Shimizu M, Mishio M, Ozaki H, Hikosaka K. Enhanced growth rate under elevated CO 2 conditions was observed for transgenic lines of genes identified by intraspecific variation analyses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Mol Biol 2022; 110:333-345. [PMID: 35397102 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Using the whole genome and growth data of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes, we identified two genes associated with enhancement of the growth rate in response to elevated CO2 conditions. Improving plant growth under elevated CO2 conditions may contribute to enhanced agricultural yield under future global climate change. In this study, we examined the genes implicated in the enhancement of growth rates under elevated CO2 conditions by analyzing the growth rates of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes originating from various latitudes and altitudes throughout the world. We also performed a genome-wide association study and a transcriptome study to identify single nucleic polymorphisms that were correlated with the relative growth rate (RGR) under elevated CO2 conditions or with CO2 response of RGR. We then selected 43 candidate genes and generated their overexpression and/or RNA interference (RNAi) transgenic mutants for screening. After screening, we have found that RNAi lines of AT3G4000 and AT5G50900 showed significantly higher growth rates under the elevated CO2 condition. As per our findings, we conclude that natural variation includes genetic variation associated with the enhancement of plant productivity under elevated CO2 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kousuke Hanada
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, 820-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Minami Shimizu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masako Mishio
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ozaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
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4
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Wang QW, Liu C, Robson TM, Hikosaka K, Kurokawa H. Leaf density and chemical composition explain variation in leaf mass area with spectral composition among 11 widespread forbs in a common garden. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:698-708. [PMID: 34309027 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a key leaf functional trait correlated with plant strategies dictating morphology, physiology, and biochemistry. Although sunlight is generally accepted as a dominant factor driving LMA, the contribution of each spectral region of sunlight in shaping LMA is poorly understood. In the present study, we grew 11 widespread forb species in a common garden and dissected the traits underpinning differences in LMA, such as its morphological components (leaf density [LD] and leaf thickness [LT]), macroelement, and metabolite composition under five spectral-attenuation treatments: (1) transmitting c. 95% of the whole solar spectrum (> 280 nm), (2) attenuating ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), (3) attenuating both UV-A and UV-B radiation, (4) attenuating UV radiation and blue light, (5) attenuating UV radiation, blue, and green light. We found that LMA, LD, and chemical traits varied significantly across species depending on spectral treatments. LMA was significantly increased by UV-B radiation and green light, while LD was increased by UV-A but decreased by blue light. LMA positively correlated with LD across treatments but was only weakly related to LT, suggesting that LD was a better determinate of LMA for this specific treatment. Regarding leaf elemental and metabolite composition, carbon, nitrogen, and total phenolics were all positively correlated with LMA, whereas lignin, non-structural carbohydrates, and soluble sugars had negative relationships with LMA. These trends imply a tradeoff between biomass allocation to structural and metabolically functional components. In conclusion, sunlight can spectrally drive LMA mainly through modifying functional and structural support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Department of Forest Vegetation, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chenggang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Thomas Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kurokawa
- Department of Forest Vegetation, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
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5
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Kohzuma K, Sonoike K, Hikosaka K. Imaging, screening and remote sensing of photosynthetic activity and stress responses. J Plant Res 2021; 134:649-651. [PMID: 34152519 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kohzuma
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Kintake Sonoike
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
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6
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Hikosaka K. Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and photochemical reflectance index in photoinhibited leaves. Funct Plant Biol 2021; 48:815-826. [PMID: 33832552 DOI: 10.1071/fp20365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solar-induced chlorophyll (chl) fluorescence (SIF) has been shown to be positively correlated with vegetation photosynthesis, suggesting that it is a useful signal for understanding of environmental responses and spatial heterogeneity of photosynthetic activity at various scales from leaf to the globe. Photosynthesis is often inhibited in stressful environments (photoinhibition), but how photoinhibition influences the relationship between photosynthesis and chl fluorescence remains unclear. Here, I studied light energy allocation among photosynthesis, chl fluorescence and heat dissipation in photoinhibited leaves and tested whether photosynthesis in photoinhibited leaves can be evaluated from chl fluorescence and reflectance spectra in remote sensing. Chl fluorescence and reflection spectra were examined with the pulse amplified modulation (PAM) system and spectroradiometer, respectively. Photoinhibited leaves had lower photosynthetic rates and quantum yields of photochemistry (ΦP) and higher chl fluorescence yields. Consequently, photosynthesis was negatively correlated with chl fluorescence, which contrasts the positive relationships between photosynthesis and SIF observed in past remote sensing studies. This suggests that vegetation photosynthesis evaluated solely from chl fluorescence may be overestimated if the vegetation is dominated by severely photoinhibited leaves. When a model of energy allocation was applied, ΦP estimated from chl fluorescence and photochemical reflectance index (PRI) significantly correlated with the observed ΦP, suggesting that the model is useful to evaluate photosynthetic activities of photoinhibited leaves by remote sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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7
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Hikosaka K, Tsujimoto K. Linking remote sensing parameters to CO 2 assimilation rates at a leaf scale. J Plant Res 2021; 134:695-711. [PMID: 34019204 PMCID: PMC8245396 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and photochemical reflectance index (PRI) are expected to be useful for remote sensing of photosynthetic activity at various spatial scales. This review discusses how chlorophyll fluorescence and PRI are related to the CO2 assimilation rate at a leaf scale. Light energy absorbed by photosystem II chlorophylls is allocated to photochemistry, fluorescence, and heat dissipation evaluated as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). PRI is correlated with NPQ because it reflects the composition of xanthophylls, which are involved in heat dissipation. Assuming that NPQ is uniquely related to the photochemical efficiency (quantum yield of photochemistry), photochemical efficiencies can be assessed from either chlorophyll fluorescence or PRI. However, this assumption may not be held under some conditions such as low temperatures and photoinhibitory environments. Even in such cases, photosynthesis may be estimated more accurately if both chlorophyll fluorescence and PRI are determined simultaneously. To convert from photochemical efficiency to CO2 assimilation, environmental responses in stomatal conductance also need to be considered. Models linking chlorophyll fluorescence and PRI with CO2 assimilation rates will contribute to understanding and future prediction of the global carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Katsuto Tsujimoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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8
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Kohzuma K, Tamaki M, Hikosaka K. Corrected photochemical reflectance index (PRI) is an effective tool for detecting environmental stresses in agricultural crops under light conditions. J Plant Res 2021; 134:683-694. [PMID: 34081252 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput detection of plant environmental stresses is required for minimizing the reduction in crop yield. Environmental stresses in plants have primarily been validated by the measurements of photosynthesis with gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, which involve complicated procedures. Remote sensing technologies that monitor leaf reflectance in intact plants enable real-time visualization of plant responses to environmental fluctuations. The photochemical reflectance index (PRI), one of the vegetation indices of spectral leaf reflectance, is related to changes in xanthophyll pigment composition. Xanthophyll dynamics are strongly correlated with plant stress because they contribute to the thermal dissipation of excess energy. However, an accurate assessment of plant stress based on PRI requires correction by baseline PRI (PRIo) in the dark, which is difficult to obtain in the field. In this study, we propose a method to correct the PRI using NPQT, which can be measured under light. By this method, we evaluated responses of excess light energy stress under drought in wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.), a xerophyte. Demonstration on the farm, the stress behaviors were observed in maize (Zea mays L.). Furthermore, the stress status of plants and their recovery following re-watering were captured as visual information. These results suggest that the PRI is an excellent indicator of environmental stress and recovery in plants and could be used as a high-throughput stress detection tool in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kohzuma
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Maro Tamaki
- Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center, Itoman, Okinawa, 901-0336, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
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9
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Tsujimoto K, Hikosaka K. Estimating leaf photosynthesis of C 3 plants grown under different environments from pigment index, photochemical reflectance index, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Photosynth Res 2021; 148:33-46. [PMID: 33909221 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic rates vary depending on growth conditions, even within species. Remote sensing techniques have a great potential to predict the photosynthetic rates of leaves with different characteristics. Here, we demonstrate that the photosynthetic rates of leaves acclimated to different light and nutrient conditions can be estimated based on the chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF), the photochemical reflectance index (PRI), and a chlorophyll index. Chenopodium album plants were grown under different light and nutrient conditions. PRI, ChlF parameters, and CO2/H2O gas exchange rates of leaves were simultaneously determined under the various light and CO2 conditions. PRI was used to assess non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), but the relationship between NPQ and PRI was weakened when the data on leaves grown under different conditions were pooled, because PRI in darkness ([Formula: see text]) changed with the leaf pigment composition. Among 15 pigment indices, we found that [Formula: see text], a reflectance index related to the leaf chlorophyll content, had the best correlation with [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) across the studied leaves, and the correction of PRI by [Formula: see text] improved the predictability of NPQ ([Formula: see text]). Using the steady-state ChlF, the NPQ estimated from PRI and [Formula: see text], and the stomatal conductance coefficient, we calculated the CO2 assimilation rates, which were strongly correlated with the actual rates (RMSE = 4.85 [Formula: see text]mol m[Formula: see text] s[Formula: see text]), irrespective of growth conditions. Our approach has the potential to contribute to a more accurate estimation of photosynthetic rates in remote sensing. However, further studies on species variations and connecting with radiative transfer models are needed to demonstrate this at the canopy scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuto Tsujimoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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10
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Postma JA, Hecht VL, Hikosaka K, Nord EA, Pons TL, Poorter H. Dividing the pie: A quantitative review on plant density responses. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:1072-1094. [PMID: 33280135 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant population density is an important variable in agronomy and forestry and offers an experimental way to better understand plant-plant competition. We made a meta-analysis of responses of even-aged mono-specific stands to population density by quantifying for 3 stand and 33 individual plant variables in 334 experiments how much both plant biomass and phenotypic traits change with a doubling in density. Increasing density increases standing crop per area, but decreases the mean size of its individuals, mostly through reduced tillering and branching. Among the phenotypic traits, stem diameter is negatively affected, but plant height remains remarkably similar, partly due to an increased stem length-to-mass ratio and partly by increased allocation to stems. The reduction in biomass is caused by a lower photosynthetic rate, mainly due to shading of part of the foliage. Total seed mass per plant is also strongly reduced, marginally by lower mass per seed, but mainly because of lower seed numbers. Plants generally have fewer shoot-born roots, but their overall rooting depth seems hardly affected. The phenotypic plasticity responses to high densities correlate strongly with those to low light, and less with those to low nutrients, suggesting that at high density, shading affects plants more than nutrient depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes A Postma
- Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen Strasse, Juelich, Germany
| | - Vera L Hecht
- Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen Strasse, Juelich, Germany
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eric A Nord
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Greenville University, Greenville, Illinois, USA
| | - Thijs L Pons
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Poorter
- Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen Strasse, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Hikosaka K. With gratitude from the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Plant Research. J Plant Res 2021; 134:1-2. [PMID: 33439368 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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12
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Ishizuka W, Hikosaka K, Ito M, Morinaga SI. Temperature-related cline in the root mass fraction in East Asian wild radish along the Japanese archipelago. Breed Sci 2020; 70:321-330. [PMID: 32714054 PMCID: PMC7372020 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.18201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wild plants with a wide distribution, including those exposed to a wide variety of environmental conditions, may have variations in key functional traits relevant for agricultural applications. The East Asian wild radish (Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides) is an appropriate model plant because it is widely distributed and has outstanding sink capacity as well as two cultivars within the species. Multiple common garden trials with 14 populations and three testing sites were conducted across the Japanese archipelago to quantify variations in yield and allocation. Significant inter-population variations and interaction effects with testing sites were detected for the root and shoot mass and the root mass fraction (RMF). While the rank order of the population changed drastically among sites and the variance components of genetic effects were small in yield traits (2.4%-4.7%), RMF displayed a large genetic variance (23.2%) and was consistently higher in the northern populations at all sites. Analyses revealed that the mean temperature of growing season of the seed origin was the most prominent factor explaining variation in RMF, irrespective of the sites. We concluded that the trait of resource allocation had a temperature-related cline and plants in cooler climates could invest more resources into their roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ishizuka
- Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Kosyunai, Bibai, Hokkaido 079-0198, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Motomi Ito
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Morinaga
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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Liu Z, Hikosaka K, Li F, Jin G. Variations in leaf economics spectrum traits for an evergreen coniferous species: Tree size dominates over environment factors. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Liu
- Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‐Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences Tohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Fengri Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‐Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
- School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
| | - Guangze Jin
- Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‐Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University Harbin China
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14
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Hikosaka K. New Year's greetings 2020 from the Journal of Plant Research. J Plant Res 2020; 133:1-2. [PMID: 31897742 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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15
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Martinez KA, Fridley JD, Oguchi R, Aiba M, Hikosaka K. Functional shifts in leaves of woody invaders of deciduous forests between their home and away ranges. Tree Physiol 2019; 39:1551-1560. [PMID: 31209471 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Temperate forests are widely invaded by shade-tolerant shrubs and trees, including those of Eastern North America (ENA). However, it remains unknown whether these invaders are 'preadapted' for success in their new ranges due to unique aspects of their evolutionary history or whether selection due to enemy release or other postintroduction processes have driven rapid evolution in the invaded range. We sampled leaf traits of populations of woody understory invaders across light gradients in their native range in Japan and in their invaded ENA range to examine potential phenotypic shifts related to carbon gain and nitrogen use between ranges. We also measured leaf traits in three co-occurring ENA native shrub species. In their invaded range, invaders invested significantly less in leaf chlorophyll content (both per unit leaf mass and area) compared with native range populations of the same species, yet maintained similar rates of photosynthesis in low light. In addition, compared with ENA natives, ENA invaders displayed greater trait variation in response to increasing light availability (forest edges, gaps), giving them a potential advantage over ENA natives in a variety of light conditions. We conclude that, for this group of species, newly evolved phenotypes in the invaded range are more important than preadaptation for their success as shade-tolerant forest invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason D Fridley
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Aiba
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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16
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Hikosaka K. 2019 Awards in the Journal of Plant Research. J Plant Res 2019; 132:459-460. [PMID: 31240425 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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17
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Kumarathunge DP, Medlyn BE, Drake JE, Tjoelker MG, Aspinwall MJ, Battaglia M, Cano FJ, Carter KR, Cavaleri MA, Cernusak LA, Chambers JQ, Crous KY, De Kauwe MG, Dillaway DN, Dreyer E, Ellsworth DS, Ghannoum O, Han Q, Hikosaka K, Jensen AM, Kelly JWG, Kruger EL, Mercado LM, Onoda Y, Reich PB, Rogers A, Slot M, Smith NG, Tarvainen L, Tissue DT, Togashi HF, Tribuzy ES, Uddling J, Vårhammar A, Wallin G, Warren JM, Way DA. Acclimation and adaptation components of the temperature dependence of plant photosynthesis at the global scale. New Phytol 2019; 222:768-784. [PMID: 30597597 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The temperature response of photosynthesis is one of the key factors determining predicted responses to warming in global vegetation models (GVMs). The response may vary geographically, owing to genetic adaptation to climate, and temporally, as a result of acclimation to changes in ambient temperature. Our goal was to develop a robust quantitative global model representing acclimation and adaptation of photosynthetic temperature responses. We quantified and modelled key mechanisms responsible for photosynthetic temperature acclimation and adaptation using a global dataset of photosynthetic CO2 response curves, including data from 141 C3 species from tropical rainforest to Arctic tundra. We separated temperature acclimation and adaptation processes by considering seasonal and common-garden datasets, respectively. The observed global variation in the temperature optimum of photosynthesis was primarily explained by biochemical limitations to photosynthesis, rather than stomatal conductance or respiration. We found acclimation to growth temperature to be a stronger driver of this variation than adaptation to temperature at climate of origin. We developed a summary model to represent photosynthetic temperature responses and showed that it predicted the observed global variation in optimal temperatures with high accuracy. This novel algorithm should enable improved prediction of the function of global ecosystems in a warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushan P Kumarathunge
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- Plant Physiology Division, Coconut Research Institute of Sri Lanka, Lunuwila, 61150, Sri Lanka
| | - Belinda E Medlyn
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - John E Drake
- Forest and Natural Resources Management, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Mark G Tjoelker
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Michael J Aspinwall
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Michael Battaglia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Francisco J Cano
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Kelsey R Carter
- School of Forest Resources & Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Molly A Cavaleri
- School of Forest Resources & Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Lucas A Cernusak
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Q Chambers
- Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley, 507 McCone Hall #4740, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kristine Y Crous
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Martin G De Kauwe
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dylan N Dillaway
- Thomashow Learning Laboratories, Unity College, 90 Quaker Hill Road, Unity, ME, 04988, USA
| | - Erwin Dreyer
- Université de Lorraine, Inra, Silva, F54000, Nancy, France
| | - David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Oula Ghannoum
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Qingmin Han
- Department of Plant Ecology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Anna M Jensen
- Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Jeff W G Kelly
- Center for Sustainable Forestry at Pack Forest, University of Washington, 9010 453rd Street E, Eatonville, WA, 98328, USA
| | - Eric L Kruger
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Lina M Mercado
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4PS, UK
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Yusuke Onoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Peter B Reich
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Alistair Rogers
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - Martijn Slot
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
| | - Nicholas G Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Lasse Tarvainen
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - David T Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Henrique F Togashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Edgard S Tribuzy
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Florestas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), CEP 68035-110, Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Johan Uddling
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Angelica Vårhammar
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Göran Wallin
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey M Warren
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Danielle A Way
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B6
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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18
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Wang QW, Daumal M, Nagano S, Yoshida N, Morinaga SI, Hikosaka K. Plasticity of functional traits and optimality of biomass allocation in elevational ecotypes of Arabidopsis halleri grown at different soil nutrient availabilities. J Plant Res 2019; 132:237-249. [PMID: 30721383 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In mountainous areas, plant distribution is constrained by various environmental stresses. Plasticity and constancy in plant functional traits may relate to optimal strategies at respective habitats and to ecotypic differentiation along elevation. Although plant biomass allocation has been extensively studied in relation to adaptation to soil nutrient availability along elevation, its optimality is still poorly understood. We examined soil nutrient availability in the field and conducted growth analysis for two elevational ecotypes of Arabidopsis halleri grown under different nutrient availabilities. We determined plasticity in morphological and physiological traits and evaluated optimal biomass allocation using an optimality model. Our field investigation indicated that soil nitrogen (N) availability increased rather than decreased with increasing elevation. Our growth analysis revealed that lowland ecotype was more plastic in morphological variables and N concentrations, whereas the highland ecotype was more plastic in other physiological variables such as the net assimilation rate (NAR). The leaf mass ratio (LMR) in the lowland ecotype was moderately plastic at the whole range of N availabilities, whereas LMR in the highland ecotype was very plastic at higher N availabilities only. The optimality model indicated that the LMR of the lowland ecotype was nearly optimal throughout the range of studied N availabilities, whereas that of the highland ecotype was suboptimal at low N availability. These results suggest that highland ecotype is adapted only to high N availability, whereas the lowland ecotype is adapted to a relatively wide range of N availabilities as a result of natural selection in their respective habitats. We conclude that an adaptive differentiation has occurred between the two ecotypes and plasticity in the biomass allocation is directly related to its optimization in changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Wang
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan.
| | - Maya Daumal
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nagano
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Naofumi Yoshida
- Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Morinaga
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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19
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Hikosaka K, Noda HM. Modeling leaf CO 2 assimilation and Photosystem II photochemistry from chlorophyll fluorescence and the photochemical reflectance index. Plant Cell Environ 2019; 42:730-739. [PMID: 30321458 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple model to assess the quantum yield of photochemistry (ΦP ) and CO2 assimilation rate from two parameters that are detectable by remote sensing: chlorophyll (chl) fluorescence and the photochemical reflectance index (PRI). ΦP is expressed as a simple function of the chl fluorescence yield (ΦF ) and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ): ΦP = 1-bΦF (1 + NPQ). Because NPQ is known to be related with PRI, ΦP can be remotely assessed from solar-induced fluorescence and the PRI. The CO2 assimilation rate can be assessed from the estimated ΦP value with either the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax ), the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci ), or parameters of the stomatal conductance model. The model was applied to experimental data obtained for Chenopodium album leaves under various environmental conditions and was able to successfully predict ΦF values and the CO2 assimilation rate. The present model will improve the accuracy of assessments of gas exchange rates and primary productivity by remote sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hibiki M Noda
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
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20
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Hikosaka K. New year's greetings 2019 from the Journal of Plant Research. J Plant Res 2019; 132:1-2. [PMID: 30666512 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01087-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Japan.
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21
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Furuya H, Ikeda K, Iida K, Suzuki K, Furuta S, Tamachi T, Suzuki K, Miura G, Hiraguri M, Hase R, Hikosaka K, Norose K, Nakajima H. Disseminated toxoplasmosis with atypical symptoms which developed with exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2018; 28:133-136. [PMID: 30486727 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318815583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma is a common parasite worldwide that mainly affects the brain, lungs and eyes. Although toxoplasmic encephalitis is a lethal disease without treatment, past case reports show most patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed toxoplasmic encephalitis were misdiagnosed and treated as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, which led to unfavorable outcomes. We herein describe a case of disseminated toxoplasmosis affecting all the above organs with atypical symptoms, which developed with exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus. She had initially manifested with retinochoroiditis without vitritis, mild cognitive impairment and an isolated lung mass. These are completely different from the classic symptoms of toxoplasmosis that have been reported in patients with HIV infection and/or those after hematopoietic transplantation. Our case, together with previously reported cases, suggests the manifestation of toxoplasmosis that develops in systemic lupus erythematosus patients can be different from that seen in conventional cases and varies between individual patients. Our case highlights both the difficulty in and the importance of diagnosing toxoplasmosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and provides helpful information to identify this rare, devastating, yet treatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Furuya
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Ikeda
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Iida
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Furuta
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Tamachi
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - G Miura
- 2 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - M Hiraguri
- 3 Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Hase
- 4 Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Hikosaka
- 5 Department of Infection and Host Defense, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Norose
- 5 Department of Infection and Host Defense, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Nakajima
- 1 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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22
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Ozaki H, Oguchi R, Hikosaka K. Dependence of functional traits related to growth rates and their CO 2 response on multiple habitat climate factors across Arabidopsis thaliana populations. J Plant Res 2018; 131:987-999. [PMID: 30046937 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-018-1058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The values of many plant traits are often different even within a species as a result of local adaptation. Here, we studied how multiple climate variables influence trait values in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under common conditions. We examined 9 climate variables and 29 traits related to vegetative growth rate in 44 global A. thaliana accessions grown at ambient or elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and applied a multiple regression analysis. We found that genetic variations in the traits related to growth rates were associated with various climate variables. At ambient [CO2], plant size was positively correlated with precipitation in the original habitat. This may be a result of larger biomass investment in roots at the initial stage in plants adapting to a lower precipitation. Stomatal conductance and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency were negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit, probably as a result of the trade-off between photosynthetic water- and nitrogen-use efficiency. These results suggest that precipitation and air humidity influence belowground and aboveground traits, respectively. Elevated [CO2] altered climate dependences in some of the studied traits. The CO2 response of relative growth rate was negatively correlated with altitude, indicating that plants inhabiting a higher altitude have less plasticity to changing [CO2]. These results are useful not only for understanding evolutionary process but also to predict the plant species that are favored under future global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ozaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
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23
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Abalaka SE, Ubah SA, Umeakuana PU, Idoko IS, Sani NA, Obeta SS, Hikosaka K, Inaoka DK, Kita K, Watanabe YI, Balogun EO. Pathological and molecular diagnosis of canine babesiosis in Nigeria: A case report. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2018; 14:150-154. [PMID: 31014721 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S E Abalaka
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | - S A Ubah
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - P U Umeakuana
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - I S Idoko
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - N A Sani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - S S Obeta
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - K Hikosaka
- Department of Infectious and Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - D K Inaoka
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Kita
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y I Watanabe
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - E O Balogun
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.; Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 2222, Nigeria.
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Yoshinaka K, Nagashima H, Yanagita Y, Hikosaka K. The role of biomass allocation between lamina and petioles in a game of light competition in a dense stand of an annual plant. Ann Bot 2018; 121:1055-1064. [PMID: 29365041 PMCID: PMC5906924 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Models of plant three-dimensional (3-D) architecture have been used to find optimal morphological characteristics for light capture or carbon assimilation of a solitary plant. However, optimality theory is not necessarily useful to predict the advantageous strategy of an individual in dense stands, where light capture of an individual is influenced not only by its architecture but also by the architecture of its neighbours. Here, we analysed optimal and evolutionarily stable biomass allocation between the lamina and petiole (evolutionarily stable strategy; ESS) under various neighbour conditions using a 3-D simulation model based on the game theory. METHODS We obtained 3-D information of every leaf of actual Xanthium canadense plants grown in a dense stand using a ruler and a protractor. We calculated light capture and carbon assimilation of an individual plant when it stands alone and when it is surrounded by neighbours in the stand. We considered three trade-offs in petiole length and lamina area: biomass allocation, biomechanical constraints and photosynthesis. Optimal and evolutionarily stable biomass allocation between petiole and lamina were calculated under various neighbour conditions. KEY RESULTS Optimal petiole length varied depending on the presence of neighbours and on the architecture of neighbours. The evolutionarily stable petiole length of plants in the stand tended to be longer than the optimal length of solitary plants. The mean of evolutionarily stable petiole length in the stand was similar to the real one. Trade-offs of biomechanical constraint and photosynthesis had minor effects on optimal and evolutionarily stable petiole length. CONCLUSION Actual plants realize evolutionarily stable architecture in dense stands. Interestingly, there were multiple evolutionarily stable petiole lengths even in one stand, suggesting that plants with different architectures can coexist across plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Yoshinaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisae Nagashima
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Japan
- CREST, JST, Tokyo, Japan
- For correspondence. E-mail
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25
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Kohzuma K, Hikosaka K. Physiological validation of photochemical reflectance index (PRI) as a photosynthetic parameter using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:52-57. [PMID: 29501490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is the most important photoprotective system in higher plants. NPQ can be divided into several steps according to the timescale of relaxation of chlorophyll fluorescence after reaching a steady state (i.e., the fast phase, qE; middle phase, qZ or qT; and slow phase, qI). The dissipation of excess energy as heat during the xanthophyll cycle, a large component of NPQ, is detectable during the fast to middle phase (sec to min). Although thermal dissipation is primarily investigated using indirect methods such as chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements, such analyses require dark adaptation or the application of a saturating pulse during measurement, making it difficult to continuously monitor this process. Here, we designed an unconventional technique for real-time monitoring of changes in thylakoid lumen pH (as reflected by changes in xanthophyll pigment content) based on the photochemical reflectance index (PRI), which we estimated by measuring light-driven leaf reflectance at 531 nm. We analyzed two Arabidopsis thaliana mutants, npq1 (unable to convert violaxanthin to zeaxanthin due to inhibited violaxanthin de-epoxidase [VDE] activity) and npq4 (lacking PsbS protein), to uncover the regulator of the PRI. The PRI was variable in wild-type and npq4 plants, but not in npq1, indicating that the PRI is related to xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal energy quenching (qZ) rather than the linear electron transport rate or NPQ. In situ lumen pH substitution using a pH-controlled buffer solution caused a shift in PRI. These results suggest that the PRI reflects only xanthophyll cycle conversion and is therefore a useful parameter for monitoring thylakoid lumen pH (reflecting VDE activity) in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kohzuma
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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Oguchi R, Hiura T, Hikosaka K. The effect of interspecific variation in photosynthetic plasticity on 4-year growth rate and 8-year survival of understorey tree seedlings in response to gap formations in a cool-temperate deciduous forest. Tree Physiol 2017; 37:1113-1127. [PMID: 28431185 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gap formation increases the light intensity in the forest understorey. The growth responses of seedlings to the increase in light availability show interspecific variation, which is considered to promote biodiversity in forests. At the leaf level, some species increase their photosynthetic capacity in response to gap formation, whereas others do not. Here we address the question of whether the interspecific difference in the photosynthetic response results in the interspecific variation in the growth response. If so, the interspecific difference in photosynthetic response would also contribute to species coexistence in forests. We also address the further relevant question of why some species do not increase their photosynthetic capacity. We assumed that some cost of photosynthetic plasticity may constrain acquisition of the plasticity in some species, and hypothesized that species with larger photosynthetic plasticity exhibit better growth after gap formation and lower survivorship in the shade understorey of a cool-temperate deciduous forest. We created gaps by felling canopy trees and studied the relationship between the photosynthetic response and the subsequent growth rate of seedlings. Naturally growing seedlings of six deciduous woody species were used and their mortality was examined for 8 years. The light-saturated rate of photosynthesis (Pmax) and the relative growth rate (RGR) of the seedlings of all study species increased at gap plots. The extent of these increases varied among the species. The stimulation of RGR over 4 years after gap formation was strongly correlated with change in photosynthetic capacity of newly expanded leaves. The increase in RGR and Pmax correlated with the 8-year mortality at control plots. These results suggest a trade-off between photosynthetic plasticity and the understorey shade tolerance. Gap-demanding species may acquire photosynthetic plasticity, sacrificing shade tolerances, whereas gap-independent species may acquire shade tolerances, sacrificing photosynthetic plasticity. This strategic difference among species would contribute to species coexistence in cool-temperate deciduous forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Aza-Takaoka, Tomakomai 053-0035, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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Kohzuma K, Chiba M, Nagano S, Anai T, Ueda MU, Oguchi R, Shirai K, Hanada K, Hikosaka K, Fujii N. Mutant selection in the self-incompatible plant radish ( Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus) using two-step TILLING. Breed Sci 2017; 67:268-276. [PMID: 28744180 PMCID: PMC5515317 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.16200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus), a widely cultivated root vegetable crop, possesses a large sink organ (the root), implying that photosynthetic activity in radish can be enhanced by altering both the source and sink capacity of the plant. However, since radish is a self-incompatible plant, improved mutation-breeding strategies are needed for this crop. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a powerful method used for reverse genetics. In this study, we developed a new TILLING strategy involving a two-step mutant selection process for mutagenized radish plants: the first selection is performed to identify a BC1M1 line, that is, progenies of M1 plants crossed with wild-type, and the second step is performed to identify BC1M1 individuals with mutations. We focused on Rubisco as a target, since Rubisco is the most abundant plant protein and a key photosynthetic enzyme. We found that the radish genome contains six RBCS genes and one pseudogene encoding small Rubisco subunits. We screened 955 EMS-induced BC1M1 lines using our newly developed TILLING strategy and obtained six mutant lines for the six RsRBCS genes, encoding proteins with four different types of amino acid substitutions. Finally, we selected a homozygous mutant and subjected it to physiological measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kohzuma
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
| | - Motoko Chiba
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
| | - Soichiro Nagano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
| | - Toyoaki Anai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University,
Saga, Saga 840-8502,
Japan
| | - Miki U. Ueda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
| | - Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
| | - Kazumasa Shirai
- Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyusyu Institute of Technology,
Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
| | - Kousuke Hanada
- Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyusyu Institute of Technology,
Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University,
Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578,
Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Tokyo 102-0076,
Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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28
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Onoda Y, Wright IJ, Evans JR, Hikosaka K, Kitajima K, Niinemets Ü, Poorter H, Tosens T, Westoby M. Physiological and structural tradeoffs underlying the leaf economics spectrum. New Phytol 2017; 214:1447-1463. [PMID: 28295374 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The leaf economics spectrum (LES) represents a suite of intercorrelated leaf traits concerning construction costs per unit leaf area, nutrient concentrations, and rates of carbon fixation and tissue turnover. Although broad trade-offs among leaf structural and physiological traits have been demonstrated, we still do not have a comprehensive view of the fundamental constraints underlying the LES trade-offs. Here, we investigated physiological and structural mechanisms underpinning the LES by analysing a novel data compilation incorporating rarely considered traits such as the dry mass fraction in cell walls, nitrogen allocation, mesophyll CO2 diffusion and associated anatomical traits for hundreds of species covering major growth forms. The analysis demonstrates that cell wall constituents are major components of leaf dry mass (18-70%), especially in leaves with high leaf mass per unit area (LMA) and long lifespan. A greater fraction of leaf mass in cell walls is typically associated with a lower fraction of leaf nitrogen (N) invested in photosynthetic proteins; and lower within-leaf CO2 diffusion rates, as a result of thicker mesophyll cell walls. The costs associated with greater investments in cell walls underpin the LES: long leaf lifespans are achieved via higher LMA and in turn by higher cell wall mass fraction, but this inevitably reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Onoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ian J Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - John R Evans
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Hendrik Poorter
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tiina Tosens
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Mark Westoby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Hikosaka K. Greetings from the new Editor-in-Chief. J Plant Res 2017; 130:417-418. [PMID: 28389924 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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Yamaguchi DP, Nakaji T, Hiura T, Hikosaka K. Effects of seasonal change and experimental warming on the temperature dependence of photosynthesis in the canopy leaves of Quercus serrata. Tree Physiol 2016; 36:1283-1295. [PMID: 27107017 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of warming on the temperature response of leaf photosynthesis have become an area of major concern in recent decades. Although growth temperature (GT) and day length (DL) affect leaf gas exchange characteristics, the way in which these factors influence the temperature dependence of photosynthesis remains uncertain. We established open-top canopy chambers at the canopy top of a deciduous forest, in which average daytime leaf temperature was increased by 1.0 °C. We conducted gas exchange measurements for the canopy leaves of deciduous trees exposed to artificial warming during different seasons. The carbon dioxide assimilation rate at 20 °C (A20) was not affected by warming, whereas that at 25 °C (A25) tended to be higher in leaves exposed to warming. Warming increased the optimal temperature of photosynthesis by increasing the activation energy for the maximum rate of carboxylation. Regression analysis indicated that both GT and DL strongly influenced gas exchange characteristics. Sensitivity analysis revealed that DL affected A without obvious effects on the temperature dependence of A, whereas GT almost maintained constant A20 and strongly influenced the temperature dependence. These results indicate that GT and DL have different influences on photosynthesis; GT and DL affect the 'slope' and intercept' of the temperature dependence of photosynthesis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke P Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578 Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Nakaji
- Tomakomai Research Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Tomakomai, 053-0035 Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Tomakomai Research Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Tomakomai, 053-0035 Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578 Miyagi, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 102-0076 Tokyo, Japan
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Hikosaka K, Anten NPR, Borjigidai A, Kamiyama C, Sakai H, Hasegawa T, Oikawa S, Iio A, Watanabe M, Koike T, Nishina K, Ito A. A meta-analysis of leaf nitrogen distribution within plant canopies. Ann Bot 2016; 118:239-47. [PMID: 27296134 PMCID: PMC4970363 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Leaf nitrogen distribution in the plant canopy is an important determinant for canopy photosynthesis. Although the gradient of leaf nitrogen is formed along light gradients in the canopy, its quantitative variations among species and environmental responses remain unknown. Here, we conducted a global meta-analysis of leaf nitrogen distribution in plant canopies. METHODS We collected data on the nitrogen distribution and environmental variables from 393 plant canopies (100, 241 and 52 canopies for wheat, other herbaceous and woody species, respectively). KEY RESULTS The trends were clearly different between wheat and other species; the photosynthetic nitrogen distribution coefficient (Kb) was mainly determined by leaf area index (LAI) in wheat, whereas it was correlated with the light extinction coefficient (KL) and LAI in other species. Some other variables were also found to influence Kb We present the best equations for Kb as a function of environmental variables and canopy characteristics. As a more simple function, Kb = 0·5KL can be used for canopies of species other than wheat. Sensitivity analyses using a terrestrial carbon flux model showed that gross primary production tended to be more sensitive to the Kb value especially when nitrogen content of the uppermost leaf was fixed. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that nitrogen distribution is mainly driven by the vertical light gradient but other factors such as LAI also have significant effects. Our equations contribute to an improvement in the projection of plant productivity and cycling of carbon and nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, CREST, JST, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - Niels P R Anten
- Center for Crop System Analysis, Wageningen University, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Almaz Borjigidai
- Institute of Chinese Minority Traditional Medicine, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chiho Kamiyama
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, United Nations University, Jingumae 5-53-70, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Sakai
- Agro-Meteorology Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Hasegawa
- Agro-Meteorology Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Shimpei Oikawa
- Department of Biology, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Iio
- Center for Education and Research in Field Science, Agricultural Faculty, Shizuoka University, Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Koike
- Silviculture and Forest Ecological Studies, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nishina
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama 236-0001, Japan
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van Loon MP, Rietkerk M, Dekker SC, Hikosaka K, Ueda MU, Anten NPR. Plant-plant interactions mediate the plastic and genotypic response of Plantago asiatica to CO2: an experiment with plant populations from naturally high CO2 areas. Ann Bot 2016; 117:1197-207. [PMID: 27192707 PMCID: PMC4904180 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) is a ubiquitous selective force that may strongly impact species distribution and vegetation functioning. Plant-plant interactions could mediate the trajectory of vegetation responses to elevated [CO2], because some plants may benefit more from [CO2] elevation than others. The relative contribution of plastic (within the plant's lifetime) and genotypic (over several generations) responses to elevated [CO2] on plant performance was investigated and how these patterns are modified by plant-plant interactions was analysed. METHODS Plantago asiatica seeds originating from natural CO2 springs and from ambient [CO2] sites were grown in mono stands of each one of the two origins as well as mixtures of both origins. In total, 1944 plants were grown in [CO2]-controlled walk-in climate rooms, under a [CO2] of 270, 450 and 750 ppm. A model was used for upscaling from leaf to whole-plant photosynthesis and for quantifying the influence of plastic and genotypic responses. KEY RESULTS It was shown that changes in canopy photosynthesis, specific leaf area (SLA) and stomatal conductance in response to changes in growth [CO2] were mainly determined by plastic and not by genotypic responses. We further found that plants originating from high [CO2] habitats performed better in terms of whole-plant photosynthesis, biomass and leaf area, than those from ambient [CO2] habitats at elevated [CO2] only when both genotypes competed. Similarly, plants from ambient [CO2] habitats performed better at low [CO2], also only when both genotypes competed. No difference in performance was found in mono stands. CONCLUSION The results indicate that natural selection under increasing [CO2] will be mainly driven by competitive interactions. This supports the notion that plant-plant interactions have an important influence on future vegetation functioning and species distribution. Furthermore, plant performance was mainly driven by plastic and not by genotypic responses to changes in atmospheric [CO2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes P van Loon
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University, 3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Max Rietkerk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute for Sustainable development, Utrecht University, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan C Dekker
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute for Sustainable development, Utrecht University, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Miki U Ueda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Niels P R Anten
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
The vertical gradient of the leaf nitrogen content in a plant canopy is one of the determinants of vegetation productivity. The ecological significance of the nitrogen distribution in plant canopies has been discussed in relation to its optimality; nitrogen distribution in actual plant canopies is close to but always less steep than the optimal distribution that maximizes canopy photosynthesis. In this paper, I review the optimality of nitrogen distribution within canopies focusing on recent advancements. Although the optimal nitrogen distribution has been believed to be proportional to the light gradient in the canopy, this rule holds only when diffuse light is considered; the optimal distribution is steeper when the direct light is considered. A recent meta-analysis has shown that the nitrogen gradient is similar between herbaceous and tree canopies when it is expressed as the function of the light gradient. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain why nitrogen distribution is suboptimal. However, hypotheses explain patterns observed in some specific stands but not in others; there seems to be no general hypothesis that can explain the nitrogen distributions under different conditions. Therefore, how the nitrogen distribution in canopies is determined remains open for future studies; its understanding should contribute to the correct prediction and improvement of plant productivity under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
- CREST, JST, Tokyo, Japan.
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Wang QW, Kamiyama C, Hidema J, Hikosaka K. Ultraviolet-B-induced DNA damage and ultraviolet-B tolerance mechanisms in species with different functional groups coexisting in subalpine moorlands. Oecologia 2016; 181:1069-82. [PMID: 27139425 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
High doses of ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280-315 nm) radiation can have detrimental effects on plants, and especially damage their DNA. Plants have DNA repair and protection mechanisms to prevent UV-B damage. However, it remains unclear how DNA damage and tolerance mechanisms vary among field species. We studied DNA damage and tolerance mechanisms in 26 species with different functional groups coexisting in two moorlands at two elevations. We collected current-year leaves in July and August, and determined accumulation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) as UV-B damage and photorepair activity (PRA) and concentrations of UV-absorbing compounds (UACs) and carotenoids (CARs) as UV-B tolerance mechanisms. DNA damage was greater in dicot than in monocot species, and higher in herbaceous than in woody species. Evergreen species accumulated more CPDs than deciduous species. PRA was higher in Poaceae than in species of other families. UACs were significantly higher in woody than in herbaceous species. The CPD level was not explained by the mechanisms across species, but was significantly related to PRA and UACs when we ignored species with low CPD, PRA and UACs, implying the presence of another effective tolerance mechanism. UACs were correlated negatively with PRA and positively with CARs. Our results revealed that UV-induced DNA damage significantly varies among native species, and this variation is related to functional groups. DNA repair, rather than UV-B protection, dominates in UV-B tolerance in the field. Our findings also suggest that UV-B tolerance mechanisms vary among species under evolutionary trade-off and synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Wang
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Chiho Kamiyama
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, United Nations University, Shibuya, Tokyo, 150-8925, Japan
| | - Jun Hidema
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Chiyoda, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan
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Hikosaka K, Hirose T. Leaf angle as a strategy for light competition: Optimal and evolutionarily stable light-extinction coefficient within a leaf canopy. Écoscience 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/11956860.1997.11682429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Oguchi R, Ozaki H, Hanada K, Hikosaka K. Which plant trait explains the variations in relative growth rate and its response to elevated carbon dioxide concentration among Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes derived from a variety of habitats? Oecologia 2015; 180:865-76. [PMID: 26494563 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration ([CO2]) enhances plant growth, but this enhancement varies considerably. It is still uncertain which plant traits are quantitatively related to the variation in plant growth. To identify the traits responsible, we developed a growth analysis model that included primary parameters associated with morphology, nitrogen (N) use, and leaf and root activities. We analysed the vegetative growth of 44 ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana L. grown at ambient and elevated [CO2] (800 μmol mol(-1)). The 44 ecotypes were selected such that they were derived from various altitudes and latitudes. Relative growth rate (RGR; growth rate per unit plant mass) and its response to [CO2] varied by 1.5- and 1.7-fold among ecotypes, respectively. The variation in RGR at both [CO2]s was mainly explained by the variation in leaf N productivity (LNP; growth rate per leaf N),which was strongly related to photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE). The variation in the response of RGR to [CO2] was also explained by the variation in the response of LNP to [CO2]. Genomic analyses indicated that there was no phylogenetic constraint on inter-ecotype variation in the CO2 response of RGR or LNP. We conclude that the significant variation in plant growth and its response to [CO2] among ecotypes reflects the variation in N use for photosynthesis among ecotypes, and that the response of PNUE to CO2 is an important target for predicting and/or breeding plants that have high growth rates at elevated [CO2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Ozaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kousuke Hanada
- Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyusyu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka, 820-8502, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
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37
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Siefert A, Violle C, Chalmandrier L, Albert CH, Taudiere A, Fajardo A, Aarssen LW, Baraloto C, Carlucci MB, Cianciaruso MV, de L Dantas V, de Bello F, Duarte LDS, Fonseca CR, Freschet GT, Gaucherand S, Gross N, Hikosaka K, Jackson B, Jung V, Kamiyama C, Katabuchi M, Kembel SW, Kichenin E, Kraft NJB, Lagerström A, Bagousse-Pinguet YL, Li Y, Mason N, Messier J, Nakashizuka T, Overton JM, Peltzer DA, Pérez-Ramos IM, Pillar VD, Prentice HC, Richardson S, Sasaki T, Schamp BS, Schöb C, Shipley B, Sundqvist M, Sykes MT, Vandewalle M, Wardle DA. A global meta-analysis of the relative extent of intraspecific trait variation in plant communities. Ecol Lett 2015; 18:1406-19. [PMID: 26415616 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that accounting for intraspecific trait variation (ITV) may better address major questions in community ecology. However, a general picture of the relative extent of ITV compared to interspecific trait variation in plant communities is still missing. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of the relative extent of ITV within and among plant communities worldwide, using a data set encompassing 629 communities (plots) and 36 functional traits. Overall, ITV accounted for 25% of the total trait variation within communities and 32% of the total trait variation among communities on average. The relative extent of ITV tended to be greater for whole-plant (e.g. plant height) vs. organ-level traits and for leaf chemical (e.g. leaf N and P concentration) vs. leaf morphological (e.g. leaf area and thickness) traits. The relative amount of ITV decreased with increasing species richness and spatial extent, but did not vary with plant growth form or climate. These results highlight global patterns in the relative importance of ITV in plant communities, providing practical guidelines for when researchers should include ITV in trait-based community and ecosystem studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Siefert
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Cyrille Violle
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE - 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Loïc Chalmandrier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, LECA, F-3800, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile H Albert
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Adrien Taudiere
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE - 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP) Conicyt-Regional R10C1003, Universidad Austral de Chile, Camino Baguales s/n, Coyhaique, 5951601, Chile
| | - Lonnie W Aarssen
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.,INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387, Kourou Cedex, France
| | - Marcos B Carlucci
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, 70040-020, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcus V Cianciaruso
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vinícius de L Dantas
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francesco de Bello
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Leandro D S Duarte
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Fonseca
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59092-350, Brazil
| | - Grégoire T Freschet
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE - 34293, Montpellier, France.,Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Stéphanie Gaucherand
- IRSTEA, Unité de Recherche sur les Ecosystèmes Montagnards, BP 76, 38402, St-Martin d'Hères, cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Gross
- INRA, USC1339 Chizé (CEBC), F-79360, Villiers en Bois, France.,Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, CNRS - Université La Rochelle (UMR 7372), F-79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Benjamin Jackson
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, LA14AP, Lancaster, UK
| | - Vincent Jung
- CNRS UMR 6553, ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, 35042, France
| | - Chiho Kamiyama
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, United Nations University, 5-53-70 Jingumae, Shibuya, 150-8925, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Katabuchi
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Steven W Kembel
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C3P8, Canada
| | - Emilie Kichenin
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Nathan J B Kraft
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Anna Lagerström
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Yuanzhi Li
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Norman Mason
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Julie Messier
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Tohru Nakashizuka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | | | | | - I M Pérez-Ramos
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, 41080, Spain
| | - Valério D Pillar
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Honor C Prentice
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Takehiro Sasaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan
| | - Brandon S Schamp
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2G4, Canada
| | - Christian Schöb
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bill Shipley
- Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Maja Sundqvist
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE901 87 Umeå, Sweden.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, The Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Martin T Sykes
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie Vandewalle
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - David A Wardle
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, 901 83, Sweden
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Kubota S, Iwasaki T, Hanada K, Nagano AJ, Fujiyama A, Toyoda A, Sugano S, Suzuki Y, Hikosaka K, Ito M, Morinaga SI. Correction: A Genome Scan for Genes Underlying Microgeographic-Scale Local Adaptation in a Wild Arabidopsis Species. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005488. [PMID: 26394214 PMCID: PMC4578886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Kubota S, Iwasaki T, Hanada K, Nagano AJ, Fujiyama A, Toyoda A, Sugano S, Suzuki Y, Hikosaka K, Ito M, Morinaga SI. A Genome Scan for Genes Underlying Microgeographic-Scale Local Adaptation in a Wild Arabidopsis Species. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005361. [PMID: 26172569 PMCID: PMC4501782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive divergence at the microgeographic scale has been generally disregarded because high gene flow is expected to disrupt local adaptation. Yet, growing number of studies reporting adaptive divergence at a small spatial scale highlight the importance of this process in evolutionary biology. To investigate the genetic basis of microgeographic local adaptation, we conducted a genome-wide scan among sets of continuously distributed populations of Arabidopsis halleri subsp. gemmifera that show altitudinal phenotypic divergence despite gene flow. Genomic comparisons were independently conducted in two distinct mountains where similar highland ecotypes are observed, presumably as a result of convergent evolution. Here, we established a de novo reference genome and employed an individual-based resequencing for a total of 56 individuals. Among 527,225 reliable SNP loci, we focused on those showing a unidirectional allele frequency shift across altitudes. Statistical tests on the screened genes showed that our microgeographic population genomic approach successfully retrieve genes with functional annotations that are in line with the known phenotypic and environmental differences between altitudes. Furthermore, comparison between the two distinct mountains enabled us to screen out those genes that are neutral or adaptive only in either mountain, and identify the genes involved in the convergent evolution. Our study demonstrates that the genomic comparison among a set of genetically connected populations, instead of the commonly-performed comparison between two isolated populations, can also offer an effective screening for the genetic basis of local adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shosei Kubota
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan; College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Takaya Iwasaki
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Hanada
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsushi J Nagano
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Asao Fujiyama
- Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sumio Sugano
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan; Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagai, Japan
| | - Motomi Ito
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Morinaga
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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Noguchi K, Yamori W, Hikosaka K, Terashima I. Homeostasis of the temperature sensitivity of respiration over a range of growth temperatures indicated by a modified Arrhenius model. New Phytol 2015; 207:34-42. [PMID: 25704334 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of plant respiratory rate (R) changes in response to growth temperature. Here, we used a modified Arrhenius model incorporating the temperature dependence of activation energy (Eo ), and compared the temperature dependence of R between cold-sensitive and cold-tolerant species. We analyzed the temperature dependences of leaf CO2 efflux rate of plants cultivated at low (LT) or high temperature (HT). In plants grown at HT (HT plants), Eo at low measurement temperature varied among species, but Eo at growth temperature in HT plants did not vary and was comparable to that in plants grown at LT (LT plants), suggesting that the limiting process was similar at the respective growth temperatures. In LT plants, the integrated value of loge R, a measure of respiratory capacity, in cold-sensitive species was lower than that in cold-tolerant species. When plants were transferred from HT to LT, the respiratory capacity changed promptly after the transfer compared with the other parameters. These results suggest that a similar process limits R at different growth temperatures, and that the lower capacity of the respiratory system in cold-sensitive species may explain their low growth rate at LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Noguchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamori
- Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- PREST, JST, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- CREST, JST, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ichiro Terashima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- CREST, JST, 332-0012, Japan
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Kamiyama C, Oikawa S, Hikosaka K. Seasonal change in light partitioning among coexisting species of different functional groups along elevation gradient in subalpine moorlands. New Phytol 2014; 204:913-23. [PMID: 25103246 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Species niches are expected to differ between different functional groups and between species with different functional traits. However, it is still unclear how functional traits contribute to niche separation between species coexisting in a community and between sites along environmental gradients. We studied seasonal changes in light partitioning among coexisting species belonging to different functional groups in moorland plant communities at different altitudes. We estimated the lifetime light absorption per unit invested leaf biomass (ΦLleafmass) as a measure of the benefit/cost ratio of light acquisition. Evergreen species absorbed more light in spring, whereas deciduous species absorbed more light in summer. A similar tradeoff was also found between short and tall species within each functional group. As a result, evergreen and shorter species had comparable ΦLleafmass values to those of deciduous and taller species. Evergreen species had higher ΦLleafmass at higher altitudes relative to deciduous species, suggesting that evergreen habit is more advantageous for the lifetime light interception at higher altitudes. Our results demonstrate that phenological tradeoffs for light partitioning can contribute to the coexistence of species with different functional traits. Our results also reveal that the most advantageous traits differ depending on environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Kamiyama
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan; Risk Analysis Research Center, The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8562, Japan
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Hikosaka K. Optimal nitrogen distribution within a leaf canopy under direct and diffuse light. Plant Cell Environ 2014; 37:2077-85. [PMID: 24506525 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen distribution within a leaf canopy is an important determinant of canopy carbon gain. Previous theoretical studies have predicted that canopy photosynthesis is maximized when the amount of photosynthetic nitrogen is proportionally allocated to the absorbed light. However, most of such studies used a simple Beer's law for light extinction to calculate optimal distribution, and it is not known whether this holds true when direct and diffuse light are considered together. Here, using an analytical solution and model simulations, optimal nitrogen distribution is shown to be very different between models using Beer's law and direct-diffuse light. The presented results demonstrate that optimal nitrogen distribution under direct-diffuse light is steeper than that under diffuse light only. The whole-canopy carbon gain is considerably increased by optimizing nitrogen distribution compared with that in actual canopies in which nitrogen distribution is not optimized. This suggests that optimization of nitrogen distribution can be an effective target trait for improving plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
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Abstract
UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY Although ultraviolet radiation (UV) is known to have negative effects on plant growth, there has been no direct evidence that plants growing at higher elevations are more severely affected by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, which is known to increase with elevation. We examined damage to DNA, a primary target of UV-B, in the widespread species Polygonum sachalinense (Fallopia sachalinensis) and Plantago asiatica at two elevations.• METHODS We sampled leaves of both species at 300 and 1700 m above sea level every 2 h for 11 d across the growing season and determined the level of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD), a major product of UV damage to DNA.• KEY RESULTS The CPD level was significantly influenced by the time of day, date, elevation, and their interactions in both species. The CPD level tended to be higher at noon or on sunny days. DNA damage was more severe at 1700 m than at 300 m: on average, 8.7% greater at high elevation in P. asiatica and 7.8% greater in P. sachalinense Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the CPD level was explained mainly by UV-B and had no significant relationship with other environmental factors such as temperature and photosynthetically active radiation.• CONCLUSIONS UV-induced DNA damage in plants is greater at higher elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Wang
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jun Hidema
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Japan
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Kamiyama C, Katabuchi M, Sasaki T, Shimazaki M, Nakashizuka T, Hikosaka K. Leaf-trait responses to environmental gradients in moorland communities: contribution of intraspecific variation, species replacement and functional group replacement. Ecol Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-014-1148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yamori W, Hikosaka K, Way DA. Temperature response of photosynthesis in C3, C4, and CAM plants: temperature acclimation and temperature adaptation. Photosynth Res 2014; 119:101-17. [PMID: 23801171 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Most plants show considerable capacity to adjust their photosynthetic characteristics to their growth temperatures (temperature acclimation). The most typical case is a shift in the optimum temperature for photosynthesis, which can maximize the photosynthetic rate at the growth temperature. These plastic adjustments can allow plants to photosynthesize more efficiently at their new growth temperatures. In this review article, we summarize the basic differences in photosynthetic reactions in C3, C4, and CAM plants. We review the current understanding of the temperature responses of C3, C4, and CAM photosynthesis, and then discuss the underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms for temperature acclimation of photosynthesis in each photosynthetic type. Finally, we use the published data to evaluate the extent of photosynthetic temperature acclimation in higher plants, and analyze which plant groups (i.e., photosynthetic types and functional types) have a greater inherent ability for photosynthetic acclimation to temperature than others, since there have been reported interspecific variations in this ability. We found that the inherent ability for temperature acclimation of photosynthesis was different: (1) among C3, C4, and CAM species; and (2) among functional types within C3 plants. C3 plants generally had a greater ability for temperature acclimation of photosynthesis across a broad temperature range, CAM plants acclimated day and night photosynthetic process differentially to temperature, and C4 plants was adapted to warm environments. Moreover, within C3 species, evergreen woody plants and perennial herbaceous plants showed greater temperature homeostasis of photosynthesis (i.e., the photosynthetic rate at high-growth temperature divided by that at low-growth temperature was close to 1.0) than deciduous woody plants and annual herbaceous plants, indicating that photosynthetic acclimation would be particularly important in perennial, long-lived species that would experience a rise in growing season temperatures over their lifespan. Interestingly, across growth temperatures, the extent of temperature homeostasis of photosynthesis was maintained irrespective of the extent of the change in the optimum temperature for photosynthesis (T opt), indicating that some plants achieve greater photosynthesis at the growth temperature by shifting T opt, whereas others can also achieve greater photosynthesis at the growth temperature by changing the shape of the photosynthesis-temperature curve without shifting T opt. It is considered that these differences in the inherent stability of temperature acclimation of photosynthesis would be reflected by differences in the limiting steps of photosynthetic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yamori
- Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, Kashiwa-no-ha 6-2-1, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan,
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Sasaki T, Katabuchi M, Kamiyama C, Shimazaki M, Nakashizuka T, Hikosaka K. Vulnerability of moorland plant communities to environmental change: consequences of realistic species loss on functional diversity. J Appl Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Sasaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Katabuchi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Menglun Mengla Yunnan 666303 China
| | - Chiho Kamiyama
- Risk Analysis Research Center; The Institute of Statistical Mathematics; Midori-cho 10-3 Tachikawa Tokyo 190-8562 Japan
| | - Masaya Shimazaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Tohru Nakashizuka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-0076 Japan
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Akita R, Kamiyama C, Hikosaka K. Polygonum sachalinense alters the balance between capacities of regeneration and carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate in response to growth CO2 increment but not the nitrogen allocation within the photosynthetic apparatus. Physiol Plant 2012; 146:404-412. [PMID: 22486715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The limiting step of photosynthesis changes depending on CO(2) concentration and, in theory, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency at a respective CO(2) concentration is maximized if nitrogen is redistributed from non-limiting to limiting processes. It has been shown that some plants increase the capacity of ribulose-1,5-bisphoshate (RuBP) regeneration (evaluated as J(max) ) relative to the RuBP carboxylation capacity (evaluated as V(cmax) ) at elevated CO(2) , which is in accord with the theory. However, there is no study that tests whether this change is accompanied by redistribution of nitrogen in the photosynthetic apparatus. We raised a perennial plant, Polygonum sachalinense, at two nutrient availabilities under two CO(2) concentrations. The J(max) to V(cmax) ratio significantly changed with CO(2) increment but the nitrogen allocation among the photosynthetic apparatus did not respond to growth CO(2) . Enzymes involved in RuBP regeneration might be more activated at elevated CO(2) , leading to the higher J(max) to V(cmax) ratio. Our result suggests that nitrogen partitioning is not responsive to elevated CO(2) even in species that alters the balance between RuBP regeneration and carboxylation. Nitrogen partitioning seems to be conservative against changes in growth CO(2) concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Akita
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan CREST, JST, Tokyo, Japan
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Nagashima H, Hikosaka K. Not only light quality but also mechanical stimuli are involved in height convergence in crowded Chenopodium album stands. New Phytol 2012; 195:803-811. [PMID: 22765253 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In crowded stands, height is often similar among dominant plants, as plants adjust their height to that of their neighbours (height convergence). We investigated which of the factors, light quality, light quantity and mechanical stimuli, is primarily responsible for stem elongation and height convergence in crowded stands. We established stands of potted Chenopodium album plants. In one stand, target plants were surrounded by artificial plants that were painted black to ensure that the light quality was not modified by their neighbours. In a second stand, target plants were surrounded by real plants. In both stands, one-half of the target plants were anchored to stakes to prevent flexing by wind. The target plants were lifted or lowered by 10 cm to test whether height convergence was affected by the different treatments. Stem length was affected by being surrounded by artificial plants, anchoring and pot elevation, indicating that light quality, light quantity and mechanical stimuli all influenced stem elongation. Height convergence did not occur in the stand with artificial plants or in anchored plants. We conclude that light quality and mechanical stimuli are important factors for the regulation of stem growth and height convergence in crowded stands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisae Nagashima
- Nikko Botanical Garden, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 321-1435 Tochigi, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578 Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578 Miyagi, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 102-0076 Tokyo, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels P. R. Anten
- Ecology Biodiversity; Institute of Environmental Biology; Utrecht University; 6 P.O. Box 800.84; 3508TB; Utrecht; The Netherlands
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