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Suksiriworapong J, Achayawat C, Juangrattanakamjorn P, Taresco V, Crucitti VC, Sakchaisri K, Bunsupa S. Modification of Poly(Glycerol Adipate) with Tocopherol and Cholesterol Modulating Nanoparticle Self-Assemblies and Cellular Responses of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to SN-38 Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2100. [PMID: 37631315 PMCID: PMC10459774 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to fabricate new variations of glycerol-based polyesters by grafting poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) with hydrophobic bioactive moieties, tocopherol (TOC), and cholesterol (CHO). Their effects on nanoparticle (NP) formation, drug release, and cellular responses in cancer and normal cells were evaluated. CHO and TOC were successfully grafted onto PGA backbones with 30% and 50% mole grafting. Increasing the percentage of mole grafting in both molecules increased the glass transition temperature and water contact angle of the final polymers but decreased the critical micelle concentration of the formulated particles. PGA-TOC NPs reduced the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. However, they enhanced the proliferation of primary dermal fibroblasts within a specific concentration range. PGA-CHO NPs minimally affected the growth of cancer and normal cells. Both types of NPs did not affect apoptosis or the cell cycle of cancer cells. PGA-CHO and PGA-TOC NPs were able to entrap SN-38, a hydrophobic anticancer drug, with a particle size <200 nm. PGA-CHO NPs had a higher drug loading capacity and a greater drug release than PGA-TOC NPs. However, SN-38-loaded PGA-TOC NPs showed higher toxicity than SN-38 and SN-38-loaded PGA-CHO NPs due to the combined effects of antiproliferation and higher cellular uptake. Compared with SN-38, the drug-loaded NPs more profoundly induced sub-G1 in the cell cycle analysis and apoptosis of cancer cells in a similar pattern. Therefore, PGA-CHO and PGA-TOC polymers have potential applications as delivery systems for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chittin Achayawat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing and Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Somnuk Bunsupa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Suksiriworapong J, Pongprasert N, Bunsupa S, Taresco V, Crucitti VC, Janurai T, Phruttiwanichakun P, Sakchaisri K, Wongrakpanich A. CD44-Targeted Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles Enhance Anti-Breast Cancer Effect of Cordyceps militaris Extracts. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1771. [PMID: 37376218 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the anticancer effect of Cordyceps militaris herbal extract (CME) on breast cancer cells with hyaluronic acid (HYA) surface-decorated lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNPs) and evaluate the applicability of a synthesized poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) polymer for LPNP preparation. Firstly, cholesterol- and vitamin E-grafted PGA polymers (PGA-CH and PGA-VE, respectively) were fabricated, with and without maleimide-ended polyethylene glycol. Subsequently, CME, which contained an active cordycepin equaling 9.89% of its weight, was encapsulated in the LPNPs. The results revealed that the synthesized polymers could be used to prepare CME-loaded LPNPs. The LPNP formulations containing Mal-PEG were decorated with cysteine-grafted HYA via thiol-maleimide reactions. The HYA-decorated PGA-based LPNPs substantially enhanced the anticancer effect of CME against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells by enhancing cellular uptake through CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis. This study demonstrated the successful targeted delivery of CME to the CD44 receptors of tumor cells by HYA-conjugated PGA-based LPNPs and the new application of synthesized PGA-CH- and PGA-VE-based polymers in LPNP preparation. The developed LPNPs showed promising potential for the targeted delivery of herbal extracts for cancer treatment and clear potential for translation in in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nutthachai Pongprasert
- Division of Postharvest Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
| | - Somnuk Bunsupa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing and Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Thitapa Janurai
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Thummarati P, Suksiriworapong J, Sakchaisri K, Nawroth T, Langguth P, Roongsawang B, Junyaprasert VB. Comparative study of dual delivery of gemcitabine and curcumin using CD44 targeting hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Thummarati P, Suksiriworapong J, Sakchaisri K, Junyaprasert VB. Effect of chemical linkers of curcumin conjugated hyaluronic acid on nanoparticle properties and in vitro performances in various cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Laolob T, Bunyapraphatsara N, Waranuch N, Pongcharoen S, Punyain W, Chancharunee S, Sakchaisri K, Pratuangdejkul J, Chongruchiroj S, Kielar F, Wichai U. Enhancement of Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes by Nitroarene Capsaicinoid Analogs. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20987949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) activation by capsaicin binding increased intracellular calcium influx and stimulated adipocyte-to-adipocyte communication, leading to lipolysis. Generally, enhancement of π-stacking capabilities improves certain binding interactions. Notably, nitroarenes exhibit strong binding interactions with aromatic amino acid side chains in proteins. New capsaicinoid analogs were designed by substitution of the OCH3 group with a nitrogen dioxide (NO2) group on the vanillyl ring to investigate how π-stacking interactions in capsaicinoid analogs contribute to lipolysis. Capsaicinoid analogs, nitro capsaicin (5), and nitro dihydrocapsaicin (6) were prepared in moderate yields via coupling of a nitroaromatic amine salt and fatty acids. Oil Red O staining and triglyceride assays with 10 µM loading of capsaicin (CAP), dihydrocapsaicin (DHC), 5, and 6 were performed to investigate their effect on lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Both assay results indicated that 5 and 6 decreased lipid accumulation by 13.6% and 14.7%, respectively, and significantly reduced triglyceride content by 26.9% and 28.4%, respectively, in comparison with the control experiment. Furthermore, the decrease in triglyceride content observed in response to nitroarene capsaicinoid analogs was approximately 2-folds higher than that of CAP and DHC. These results arose from the NO2 group augmented π-π stacking with Tyr511 and the attractive charge interaction with Glu570 affecting binding interactions with TRPV1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanet Laolob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | | | - Neti Waranuch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sutatip Pongcharoen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Wikorn Punyain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Chancharunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sumet Chongruchiroj
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Uthai Wichai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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Suksiriworapong J, Taresco V, Ivanov DP, Styliari ID, Sakchaisri K, Junyaprasert VB, Garnett MC. Synthesis and properties of a biodegradable polymer-drug conjugate: Methotrexate-poly(glycerol adipate). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 167:115-125. [PMID: 29631222 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-drug conjugates have been actively developed as potential anticancer drug delivery systems. In this study, we report the first polymer-anticancer drug conjugate with poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) through the successful conjugation of methotrexate (MTX). MTX-PGA conjugates were controllably and simply fabricated by carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction with various high molar ratios of MTX. The MTX-PGA conjugate self-assembled into nanoparticles with size dependent on the amount of conjugated MTX and the pH of medium. Change in particle size was attributed to steric hindrance and bulkiness inside the nanoparticle core and dissociation of free functional groups of the drug. The MTX-PGA nanoparticles were physically stable in media with pH range of 5-9 and ionic strength of up to 0.15 M NaCl and further chemically stable against hydrolysis in pH 7.4 medium over 30 days but enzymatically degradable to release unchanged free drug. Although 30%MTX-PGA nanoparticles exhibited only slightly less potency than free MTX in 791T cells in contrast to previously reported human serum albumin-MTX conjugates which had >300 times lower potency than free MTX. However, the MTX nanoparticles showed 7 times higher toxicity to Saos-2 cells than MTX. Together with the enzymic degradation experiments, these results suggest that with a suitable biodegradable polymer a linker moiety is not a necessary component. These easily synthesised PGA drug conjugates lacking a linker moiety could therefore be an effective new pathway for development of polymer drug conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraphong Suksiriworapong
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Innovative Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- University of Nottingham, School of Pharmacy, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Delyan P Ivanov
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Cancer Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ioanna D Styliari
- University of Nottingham, School of Pharmacy, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Varaporn Buraphacheep Junyaprasert
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Innovative Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Martin C Garnett
- University of Nottingham, School of Pharmacy, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Basu SK, Lee S, Salotti J, Basu S, Sakchaisri K, Xiao Z, Walia V, Westlake CJ, Morrison DK, Johnson PF. Oncogenic RAS-Induced Perinuclear Signaling Complexes Requiring KSR1 Regulate Signal Transmission to Downstream Targets. Cancer Res 2017; 78:891-908. [PMID: 29259016 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The precise characteristics that distinguish normal and oncogenic RAS signaling remain obscure. Here, we show that oncogenic RAS and BRAF induce perinuclear relocalization of several RAS pathway proteins, including the kinases CK2 and p-ERK1/2 and the signaling scaffold KSR1. This spatial reorganization requires endocytosis, the kinase activities of MEK-ERK and CK2, and the presence of KSR1. CK2α colocalizes with KSR1 and Rab11, a marker of recycling endosomes, whereas p-ERK associates predominantly with a distinct KSR1-positive endosomal population. Notably, these perinuclear signaling complexes (PSC) are present in tumor cell lines, mouse lung tumors, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts undergoing RAS-induced senescence. PSCs are also transiently induced by growth factors (GF) in nontransformed cells with delayed kinetics (4-6 hours), establishing a novel late phase of GF signaling that appears to be constitutively activated in tumor cells. PSCs provide an essential platform for RAS-induced phosphorylation and activation of the prosenescence transcription factor C/EBPβ in primary MEFs undergoing senescence. Conversely, in tumor cells, C/EBPβ activation is suppressed by 3'UTR-mediated localization of Cebpb transcripts to a peripheral cytoplasmic domain distinct from the PSC region. Collectively, our findings indicate that sustained PSC formation is a critical feature of oncogenic RAS/BRAF signaling in cancer cells that controls signal transmission to downstream targets by regulating selective access of effector kinases to substrates such as C/EBPβ.Significance: In addressing the long-standing question of the difference between normal and oncogenic RAS pathway signaling, this study shows that oncogenic RAS specifically triggers constitutive endocytosis-dependent movement of effector kinases to a perinuclear region, thereby creating connections to unique downstream targets such as the core prosenescence and the inflammatory regulatory transcription factor C/EBPβ. Cancer Res; 78(4); 891-908. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip K Basu
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Sook Lee
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Jacqueline Salotti
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Srikanta Basu
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Vijay Walia
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Christopher J Westlake
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Deborah K Morrison
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Peter F Johnson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland.
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Sakchaisri K, Kim SO, Hwang J, Soung NK, Lee KH, Choi TW, Lee Y, Park CM, Thimmegowda NR, Lee PY, Shwetha B, Srinivasrao G, Pham TTH, Jang JH, Yum HW, Surh YJ, Lee KS, Park H, Kim SJ, Kwon YT, Ahn JS, Kim BY. Anticancer activity of a novel small molecule tubulin inhibitor STK899704. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173311. [PMID: 28296906 PMCID: PMC5351965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified the small molecule STK899704 as a structurally novel tubulin inhibitor. STK899704 suppressed the proliferation of cancer cell lines from various origins with IC50 values ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 μM. STK899704 prevented the polymerization of purified tubulin in vitro and also depolymerized microtubule in cultured cells leading to mitotic arrest, associated with increased Cdc25C phosphorylation and the accumulation of both cyclin B1 and polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), and apoptosis. Unlike many anticancer drugs such as Taxol and doxorubicin, STK899704 effectively displayed antiproliferative activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. The proposed binding mode of STK899704 is at the interface between αβ-tubulin heterodimer overlapping with the colchicine-binding site. Our in vivo carcinogenesis model further showed that STK 899704 is potent in both the prevention and regression of tumors, remarkably reducing the number and volume of skin tumor by STK899704 treatment. Moreover, it was significant to note that the efficacy of STK899704 was surprisingly comparable to 5-fluorouracil, a widely used anticancer therapeutic. Thus, our results demonstrate the potential of STK899704 to be developed as an anticancer chemotherapeutic and an alternative candidate for existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisada Sakchaisri
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sun-Ok Kim
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Joonsung Hwang
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Nak Kyun Soung
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Lee
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Choi
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Yongjun Lee
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Chan-Mi Park
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Naraganahalli R. Thimmegowda
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Phil Young Lee
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Bettaswamigowda Shwetha
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Ganipisetti Srinivasrao
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Thi Thu Huong Pham
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme & Protein Technology (KLEPT), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Hye-Won Yum
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung S. Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Seog Ahn
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Bo Yeon Kim
- Anticancer Agents Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
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Salotti J, Sakchaisri K, Johnson PF. Abstract A19: A Ras-Arf-Egr-C/EBPβ axis underlying oncogene-induced senescence and cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.rasonc14-a19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In normal cells, persistent oncogenic Ras activation triggers senescence, an intrinsic tumor suppression mechanism that protects cells from malignant transformation. Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is dependent on tumor suppressors such as p19/p14Arf, and loss of those genes facilitates transformation by oncogenic Ras. We previously reported that C/EBPβ, a transcription factor that has both pro- and anti-oncogenic functions, contributes to OIS in primary fibroblasts. Notably, C/EBPβ is down-regulated in H- or K-RasV12-transformed NIH 3T3 cells in a manner that requires loss of p19Arf. The potential role of C/EBPβ down-regulation in RasV12-induced transformation prompted us to investigate the mechanisms of Cebpb gene transcription. Here we show that Cebpb is an early growth factor-induced gene whose induction is suppressed by H-RasV12 in NIH 3T3 cells and p19Arf-/- MEFs. The early growth response (Egr) transcription factors are also down-regulated by H-RasV12 in these cells. Over-expression of any of Egr proteins (Egr1-4) restored C/EBPβ levels in 3T3Ras cells. Interestingly, Egrs induce growth arrest and senescence in 3T3Ras cells in a manner that is only partially dependent on reactivation of C/EBPβ. Egr1-4 proteins stimulated transcription from a promoter-reporter construct containing ∼3 kb of the Cebpb 5' flanking region. The proximal Cebpb promoter contains several putative Egr binding motifs, and mutating three of these sites disrupted Egr-mediated transactivation of the Cebpb promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that ectopically expressed and endogenous Egrs bind to the Cebpb proximal promoter. Furthermore, microarray data from Oncomine show a strong correlation between CEBPB and EGR expression in human tumor samples, regardless of whether C/EBPβ levels increase or decrease in tumors compared to normal tissue. Since CEBPB and EGRs are down-regulated in lung adenocarcinomas and their elevated expression is associated with a better prognosis in lung cancer patients (Prognoscan), we over-expressed Egrs in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells, which carry a KRAS mutation. Ectopic Egr2-4 induced CEBPB mRNA expression and dramatically suppressed cell proliferation. Collectively, our data indicate that decreased Egr levels account for oncogenic Ras-induced down-regulation of C/EBPβ in certain transformed cells, and restoration of Egrs induces growth arrest and C/EBPβ expression. Our findings identify the Egr-C/EBPβ axis as an important pathway in determining the cellular response (transformation or senescence) to oncogenic Ras-Arf signaling.
Citation Format: Jacqueline Salotti, Krisada Sakchaisri, Peter F. Johnson. A Ras-Arf-Egr-C/EBPβ axis underlying oncogene-induced senescence and cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on RAS Oncogenes: From Biology to Therapy; Feb 24-27, 2014; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2014;12(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A19. doi: 10.1158/1557-3125.RASONC14-A19
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Salotti
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Peter F. Johnson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
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Thimmegowda NR, Park C, Shwetha B, Sakchaisri K, Liu K, Hwang J, Lee S, Jeong SJ, Soung NK, Jang JH, Ryoo IJ, Ahn JS, Erikson RL, Kim BY. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Natural Compound Aloe Emodin Derivatives. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 85:638-44. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naraganahalli R. Thimmegowda
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Govt.S K S J T Institute; Bangalore Karnataka 560001 India
| | - Chanmi Park
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Bettaswamigowda Shwetha
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Kangdong Liu
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
- Basic Medical College; Zhengzhou University; ZhengZhou 450001 China
| | - Joonsung Hwang
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Sangku Lee
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Sook J. Jeong
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Nak K. Soung
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Jae H. Jang
- Chemical Biology Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - In-Ja Ryoo
- Chemical Biology Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Jong S. Ahn
- Chemical Biology Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Raymond L. Erikson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Bo Y. Kim
- World Class Institute (WCI); Incurable Diseases Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB); Ochang, Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
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11
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Kim SO, Sakchaisri K, Asami Y, Ryoo IJ, Choo SJ, Yoo ID, Soung NK, Kim YS, Jang JH, Kim BY, Ahn JS. Illudins C2 and C3 stimulate lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and suppress adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J Nat Prod 2014; 77:744-750. [PMID: 24597820 DOI: 10.1021/np400520a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The secondary metabolites illudins C2 (1) and C3 (2), obtained from the culture broth of Coprinus atramentarius, have been shown to possess antimicrobial activity. In the present study, we discovered novel biological activities of 1 and 2 in lipolysis of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit a dose-dependent increase in glycerol release and thereby reduce intracellular lipid accumulation. The stimulatory effects of 1 and 2 on lipolysis are prevented by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors. Compounds 1 and 2 down-regulated perilipin and also affected the mRNA and protein levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). However, 1 and 2 treatment leads to a significant increase in PKA-mediated phosphorylation of HSL at S563 and S660. In addition, 1 and 2 treatment in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes induces down-regulation of the critical transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α and β (C/EBPα and C/EBPβ), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which are required for adipogenesis, and accordingly inhibits adipogenesis. These results suggest that 1 and 2 might be useful for treating obesity due to their modulatory effects on fat by affecting adipocyte differentiation and fat mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ok Kim
- World Class Institute (WCI) Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , 30 Yeongudanjiro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
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12
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Kim SO, Sakchaisri K, N. R. T, Soung NK, Jang JH, Kim YS, Lee KS, Kwon YT, Asami Y, Ahn JS, Erikson RL, Kim BY. STK295900, a dual inhibitor of topoisomerase 1 and 2, induces G(2) arrest in the absence of DNA damage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53908. [PMID: 23349762 PMCID: PMC3551932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STK295900, a small synthetic molecule belonging to a class of symmetric bibenzimidazoles, exhibits antiproliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines from different origins. Examining the effect of STK295900 in HeLa cells indicates that it induces G(2) phase arrest without invoking DNA damage. Further analysis shows that STK295900 inhibits DNA relaxation that is mediated by topoisomerase 1 (Top 1) and topoisomerase 2 (Top 2) in vitro. In addition, STK295900 also exhibits protective effect against DNA damage induced by camptothecin. However, STK295900 does not affect etoposide-induced DNA damage. Moreover, STK295900 preferentially exerts cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines while camptothecin, etoposide, and Hoechst 33342 affected both cancer and normal cells. Therefore, STK295900 has a potential to be developed as an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ok Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, ChungNam National University, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Thimmegowda N. R.
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Nak Kyun Soung
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Young Sang Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, ChungNam National University, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Sang Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- World Class University (WCU), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universigy of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yukihiro Asami
- Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jong Seog Ahn
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Raymond Leo Erikson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bo Yeon Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Cheongwon, Korea
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13
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Huong PTT, Soung NK, Jang JH, Cha-Molstad HJ, Sakchaisri K, Kim SO, Jang JM, Kim KE, Lee KS, Kwon YT, Erikson RL, Ahn JS, Kim BY. Regulation of CEP131 gene expression by SP1. Gene 2012; 513:75-81. [PMID: 23137637 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Centrosomal proteins play important roles in cell cycle. Among them, the centrosomal protein of 131kDa (CEP131) has been reported as a critical factor for cilia formation which is related with development, signaling, and various diseases, the malfunction of cilia leading to cancer. Specificity protein 1 (SP1), known as a centrosome regulator, is an essential transcription factor regulating the genes involved in multiple cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, and DNA damages. In this study, we explored the crucial role of SP1 in the regulation of CEP131 gene transcription. A deletion analysis of the CEP131 promoter region revealed dominant promoter elements within the sequence between -400bp and -200bp, which contained consensus binding sites for SP1. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP) assay further confirmed the direct binding of SP1 to the CEP131 promoter. On the other hand, CEP131 transcription could be inhibited by mithramycin (a GC-rich region inhibitor), but exogenous expression of SP1 could increase CEP131 expression as evidenced by a reporter gene assay. In addition, mutation of several SP1 binding sites revealed four SP1 binding sites at -244/-225, -258/-239, -304/-283 and -323/-304 that strongly affect CEP131 expression. Hence, it is suggested that SP1 is a pivotal transcription factor for the regulation of CEP131 expression, consequently leading the control of centrosome functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Thu Huong
- World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Republic of Korea
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14
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Salotti J, Sakchaisri K, Johnson P. Abstract B24: A p19Arf-Egr-C/EBPβ axis underlying oncogene-induced senescence and tumor suppression. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.prev-12-b24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an intrinsic tumor suppression mechanism that protects cells from neoplastic transformation by activated oncogenes. As such, strategies to enhance senescence could be a promising avenue for cancer prevention. The transcription factor (TF) CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is induced and post-translationally activated by oncogenic Ras signaling in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and cooperates with RB:E2F to implement RasV12-induced senescence. In contrast, immortalized cells lacking the tumor suppressor p19Arf, such as NIH 3T3 murine fibroblasts, bypass senescence and are transformed by RasV12. Our lab previously showed that C/EBPβ expression is down-regulated in association with RasV12 transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Furthermore, p19Arf acts in a p53-independent manner to maintain C/EBPβ levels in RasV12-expressing fibroblasts. Thus, C/EBPβ functions as part of an Arf-dependent tumor suppressor network activated by oncogenic stress. The opposing effects of oncogenic Ras on Cebpb expression in primary MEFs and immortalized NIH 3T3 cells prompted us to investigate the mechanisms that regulate Cebpb gene transcription. The early growth response (Egr) family of zinc-finger TFs is composed of 4 members, Egr-1-4. Here we show that Egrs are also down-regulated in RasV12-transformed NIH 3T3 cells (3T3Ras) and their ectopic expression restores C/EBPβ levels. Over-expression of any of the Egr proteins causes growth arrest and senescence in 3T3Ras cells in a manner that is partially dependent on reactivation of C/EBPβ. Egr proteins stimulate transcription from a promoter-reporter construct containing ∼3 kb of the Cebpb 5' flanking region. The proximal Cebpb promoter contains several putative Egr binding motifs, and mutating three of these sites disrupts Egr-mediated transactivation of the Cebpb reporter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that ectopically expressed and endogenous Egrs bind to the Cebpb proximal promoter. In addition, serum stimulation of normal NIH 3T3 cells induces C/EBPβ mRNA and protein levels, which peak between 2-5 hours and coincide with transient induction of Egr proteins. Moreover, Egrs are only weakly induced by serum in 3T3Ras cells compared to their robust induction in the parental cells, with the exception of Egr-4 which was not detected in either cell line. Thus, decreased Egr levels can account for RasV12-induced down-regulation of C/EBPβ in transformed fibroblasts. Furthermore, microarray data from Oncomine show a strong correlation between CEBPB and EGR expression in human tumor samples. Collectively, our findings identify the Egr-C/EBPβ axis as a critical pathway in determining the cellular response (transformation or senescence) to oncogenic Ras-p19Arf signaling.
Citation Format: Jacqueline Salotti, Krisada Sakchaisri, Peter Johnson. A p19Arf-Egr-C/EBPβ axis underlying oncogene-induced senescence and tumor suppression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2012 Oct 16-19; Anaheim, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Prev Res 2012;5(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Salotti
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Peter Johnson
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
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15
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Cohen TV, Klarmann KD, Sakchaisri K, Cooper JP, Kuhns D, Anver M, Johnson PF, Williams SC, Keller JR, Stewart CL. The lamin B receptor under transcriptional control of C/EBPepsilon is required for morphological but not functional maturation of neutrophils. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17:2921-33. [PMID: 18621876 PMCID: PMC2536505 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lamin B receptor (LBR) is an integral nuclear envelope protein that interacts with chromatin and has homology to sterol reductases. Mutations in LBR result in Pelger-Huët anomaly and HEM-Greenberg skeletal dysplasia, whereas in mice Lbr mutations result in ichthyosis. To further understand the function of the LBR and its role in disease, we derived a novel mouse model with a gene-trap insertion into the Lbr locus (Lbr(GT/GT)). Phenotypically, the Lbr(GT/GT) mice are similar to ichthyosis mice. The Lbr(GT/GT) granulocytes lack a mature segmented nucleus and have a block in late maturation. Despite these changes in nuclear morphology, the innate granulocyte immune function in the killing of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria appears to be intact. Granulocyte differentiation requires the transcription factor C/EBPepsilon. We identified C/EBPepsilon binding sites within the Lbr promoter and used EMSAs and luciferase assays to show that Lbr is transcriptionally regulated by C/EBPepsilon. Our findings indicate that the Lbr(GT/GT) mice are a model for Pelger-Huët anomaly and that Lbr, under transcriptional regulation of C/EBPepsilon, is necessary for morphological but not necessarily functional granulocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly D. Klarmann
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, CCR
- Basic Research Program, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, SAIC-Frederick, Inc
| | | | - Jason P. Cooper
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | | | - Miriam Anver
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Pathology/Histotechnology Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | - Simon C. Williams
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Keller
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, CCR
- Basic Research Program, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, SAIC-Frederick, Inc
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Asano S, Park JE, Yu LR, Zhou M, Sakchaisri K, Park CJ, Kang YH, Thorner J, Veenstra TD, Lee KS. Direct phosphorylation and activation of a Nim1-related kinase Gin4 by Elm1 in budding yeast. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:27090-8. [PMID: 16861226 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m601483200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In budding yeast, Gin4, a Nim1-related kinase, plays an important role in proper organization of the septin ring at the mother-bud neck, a filamentous structure that is critical for diverse cellular processes including mitotic entry and cytokinesis. How Gin4 kinase activity is regulated is not known. Here we showed that a neck-associated Ser/Thr kinase Elm1, which is important for septin assembly, is critical for proper modification of Gin4 and its physiological substrate Shs1. In vitro studies with purified recombinant proteins demonstrated that Elm1 directly phosphorylates and activates Gin4, which in turn phosphorylates Shs1. Consistent with these observations, acute inhibition of Elm1 activity abolished mitotic Gin4 phosphorylation and Gin4-dependent Shs1 modification in vivo. In addition, a gin4 mutant lacking the Elm1-dependent phosphorylation sites exhibited an impaired localization to the bud-neck and, as a result, induced a significant growth defect with an elongated bud morphology. Thus, Elm1 regulates the septin assembly-dependent cellular events by directly phosphorylating and activating the Gin4-dependent pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asano
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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17
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Lee KS, Asano S, Park JE, Sakchaisri K, Erikson RL. Monitoring the Cell Cycle by Multi-Kinase-Dependent Regulation of Swe1/Wee1 in Budding Yeast. Cell Cycle 2005; 4:1346-9. [PMID: 16123596 DOI: 10.4161/cc.4.10.2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, G(2)/M transition is induced by the activation of cyclin B-bound Cdk1, which is held in check by the protein kinase, Wee1. Recent advances in our understanding of mitotic entry in budding yeast has revealed that these cells utilize the level of Swe1 (Wee1 ortholog) phosphorylation as a means of monitoring cell cycle progression and of coordinating morphogenetic events with mitotic entry. Swe1 is phosphorylated by at least three distinct kinases at different stages of the cell cycle. This cumulative phosphorylation leads to the hyperphosphorylation and degradation of Swe1 through ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Thus, Swe1 functions as an important cell cycle modulator that integrates multiple upstream signals from prior cell cycle events before its ultimate degradation permits passage into mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung S Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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18
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Asano S, Park JE, Sakchaisri K, Yu LR, Song S, Supavilai P, Veenstra TD, Lee KS. Concerted mechanism of Swe1/Wee1 regulation by multiple kinases in budding yeast. EMBO J 2005; 24:2194-204. [PMID: 15920482 PMCID: PMC1150880 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 04/21/2005] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, entry into mitosis is induced by cyclin B-bound Cdk1, which is held in check by the protein kinase, Wee1. In budding yeast, Swe1 (Wee1 ortholog) is targeted to the bud neck through Hsl1 (Nim1-related kinase) and its adaptor Hsl7, and is hyperphosphorylated prior to ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Here, we show that Hsl1 and Hsl7 are required for proper localization of Cdc5 (Polo-like kinase homolog) to the bud neck and Cdc5-dependent Swe1 phosphorylation. Mitotic cyclin (Clb2)-bound Cdc28 (Cdk1 homolog) directly phosphorylated Swe1 and this modification served as a priming step to promote subsequent Cdc5-dependent Swe1 hyperphosphorylation and degradation. Clb2-Cdc28 also facilitated Cdc5 localization to the bud neck through the enhanced interaction between the Clb2-Cdc28-phosphorylated Swe1 and the polo-box domain of Cdc5. We propose that the concerted action of Cdc28/Cdk1 and Cdc5/Polo on their common substrates is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that is crucial for effectively triggering mitotic entry and other critical mitotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asano
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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19
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Park JE, Park CJ, Sakchaisri K, Karpova T, Asano S, McNally J, Sunwoo Y, Leem SH, Lee KS. Novel functional dissection of the localization-specific roles of budding yeast polo kinase Cdc5p. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24:9873-86. [PMID: 15509790 PMCID: PMC525480 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.22.9873-9886.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Budding yeast polo kinase Cdc5p localizes to the spindle pole body (SPB) and to the bud-neck and plays multiple roles during M-phase progression. To dissect localization-specific mitotic functions of Cdc5p, we tethered a localization-defective N-terminal kinase domain of Cdc5p (Cdc5pDeltaC) to the SPB or to the bud-neck with components specifically localizing to one of these sites and characterized these mutants in a cdc5Delta background. Characterization of a viable, SPB-localizing, CDC5DeltaC-CNM67 mutant revealed that it is defective in timely degradation of Swe1p, a negative regulator of Cdc28p. Loss of BFA1, a negative regulator of mitotic exit, rescued the lethality of a neck-localizing CDC5DeltaC-CDC12 or CDC5DeltaC-CDC3 mutant but yielded severe defects in cytokinesis. These data suggest that the SPB-associated Cdc5p activity is critical for both mitotic exit and cytokinesis, whereas the bud neck-localized Cdc5p is required for proper Swe1p regulation. Interestingly, a cdc5Delta bfa1Delta swe1Delta triple mutant is viable but grows slowly, whereas cdc5Delta cells bearing both CDC5DeltaC-CNM67 and CDC5DeltaC-CDC12 grow well with only a mild cell cycle delay. Thus, SPB- and the bud-neck-localized Cdc5p control most of the critical Cdc5p functions and downregulation of Bfa1p and Swe1p at the respective locations are two critical factors that require Cdc5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Park
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Sakchaisri K, Asano S, Yu LR, Shulewitz MJ, Park CJ, Park JE, Cho YW, Veenstra TD, Thorner J, Lee KS. Coupling morphogenesis to mitotic entry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:4124-9. [PMID: 15037762 PMCID: PMC384705 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0400641101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, cyclin B-bound cyclin-dependent protein kinase 1 promotes mitotic entry but is held in check, in part, by Wee1 protein kinase. Timely mitotic entry in budding yeast requires inactivation of Swe1 (Wee1 ortholog). Perturbations of the septin collar at the bud neck lead to Swe1 stabilization, delaying the G(2)/M transition. Swe1 is recruited to the neck and hyperphosphorylated before ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Hsl1 kinase (Nim1 ortholog), a negative regulator of Wee1, is required for efficient Swe1 localization at the neck but seems not to phosphorylate Swe1. Here, we show that two other kinases targeted sequentially to the neck, Cla4/PAK and Cdc5/Polo, are responsible for stepwise phosphorylation and down-regulation of Swe1. This mechanism links assembly of a cellular structure to passage into mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisada Sakchaisri
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 37, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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Park CJ, Song S, Giddings TH, Ro HS, Sakchaisri K, Park JE, Seong YS, Winey M, Lee KS. Requirement for Bbp1p in the proper mitotic functions of Cdc5p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2004; 15:1711-23. [PMID: 14767068 PMCID: PMC379269 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e03-07-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The polo-box domain of the budding yeast polo kinase Cdc5p plays an essential role for targeting the catalytic activity of Cdc5p to spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and cytokinetic neck-filaments. Here, we report the isolation of Bbp1p as a polo-box interacting protein by a yeast two-hybrid screen. Bbp1p localizes to the periphery of the central plaque of the SPB and plays an important role in SPB duplication. Similarly, Cdc5p localized to the cytoplasmic periphery of the SPB. In vitro binding studies showed that Cdc5p interacted with the N-terminal domain of Bbp1p (Bbp1pDeltaC), but apparently not with Mps2p, a component shown to form a stable complex with Bbp1p. In addition, Bbp1p, but likely not Mps2p, was required for proper localization of Cdc5p to the SPB. The C-terminal coiled-coil domain of Bbp1p (Bbp1p(243-385)), which is crucial for both the homodimerization and the SPB localization, could target the localization-defective Cdc5pDeltaC to the SPB and induce the release of Cdc14p from the nucleolus. Consistent with this observation, expression of CDC5DeltaC-BBP1(243-385) under CDC5 promoter control partially complemented the cdc5Delta defect. These data suggest that Bbp1pDeltaC interacts with the polo-box domain of Cdc5p, and this interaction is critical for the subcellular localization and mitotic functions of Cdc5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong J Park
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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