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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research suggests that rates of depression among general population samples in Asia may be significantly lower than in much of the rest of the world. However, whether this applies to depression among cancer patients is unclear, which is important to determine in order to identify depression treatment needs among cancer patients in this region. The purpose of the present study was to assess caseness rates of serious depression among general cancer patients in the Southeast Asian nation of Viet Nam. METHOD A total of 695 adult cancer patients from three hospitals in Da Nang, Viet Nam served as study participants. They were assessed at one time point for (a) demographic and (b) cancer characteristics, and (c) depression symptoms. RESULTS The overall caseness rate for serious depression was 28%. Although rates of depression in general population samples usually are significantly higher in women than men, rates of depression among men and women did not differ significantly among our cancer patients. Higher levels of depressive symptoms were found, however, as a function of lower patient income and education, occupation, cancer stage, and type of cancer, but not marital status or age. CONCLUSIONS Caseness rates of depression are significantly elevated by a factor of 10-15 among Vietnamese cancer patients relative to general population epidemiological studies in the same region. Although a number of studies have found that rates of depression tend to be lower in Asian as compared to Western general population samples, depression rates among our Vietnamese cancer patients were similar to those reported among Western cancer patients. This suggests that whatever factors are responsible for the relatively low rates of depression observed in Asian general population samples may not be operating in regards to cancer-related depression. Overall, the value of these findings are not only that they provide information for policy makers in Viet Nam to support depression treatment among cancer patients, but also that they suggest that despite the apparent relatively low overall rates of depression it may be useful for cancer and mental health researchers in the region to conduct similar assessments for their policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T K Yen
- Da Nang Department of Health, 23rd Floor Da Nang Administrative Centre Building, 24 Tran Phu Street, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - B Weiss
- Clinical Sciences Program, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - L T Trung
- Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital, 193 Nguyen Luong Bang Street, Da Nang, Viet Nam
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Ngoc TN, Weiss B, Trung LT. Effects of the family schizophrenia psychoeducation program for individuals with recent onset schizophrenia in Viet Nam. Asian J Psychiatr 2016; 22:162-6. [PMID: 27520922 PMCID: PMC4988340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although psychoeducation has been found effective for improving the life functioning of patients with schizophrenia in high income countries, there have been relatively few studies of schizophrenia psychoeducation adapted for low and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly in Southeast Asia. The present study assessed effects of the Family Schizophrenia Psychoeducation Program (FSPP) among Vietnamese patients and their families on the patients' (1) quality of life and (2) medication non-compliance, and the family and patients' (3) stigma towards schizophrenia, and (4) consumer satisfaction. METHOD This intervention study involved 59 patients, and their families, from the Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital, randomly assigned to treatment (n=30) or control (n=29) conditions. Control subjects received services as usual (antipsychotic medication); treatment group subjects received the FSPP as well. Blind-rater assessments were conducted at T1 immediately after project enrollment (prior to participating in the FSPP) and at T2 six months later. RESULTS There were significant treatment effects on: (1) quality of life, (2) stigma, (3) medication compliance, and (4) consumer satisfaction, with all effects favoring the treatment group. Effect sizes were moderate to large. CONCLUSIONS This psychoeducation program appears to reduce stigma, improve quality of life and medication compliance, and increase consumer satisfaction of Vietnamese patients with schizophrenia and their families, beyond the effects of antipsychotic medication. It involves relatively little cost, and it may be useful for it or equivalent programs to be implemented in other hospitals in Viet Nam, and potentially other low-income Asian countries to improve the lives of patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Ngoc
- Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital, 193 Nguyen Luong Bang Street, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - B Weiss
- Clinical Sciences Program, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - L T Trung
- Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital, 193 Nguyen Luong Bang Street, Da Nang, Viet Nam
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3
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Abstract
BACKGROUND People living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are at increased risk for exposure to major natural disasters, which places them at increased risk for mental health problems. Evidence is less clear, however, regarding the effects of less severe but more frequent natural disasters, which are likely to increase due to global climate change. AIMS To examine the mental health and life functioning, and their predictors, of people living in central coastal Vietnam, an area characterized by high risk for natural disasters and poverty. METHOD 1000 individuals were randomly selected from 5 provinces in central coastal Vietnam. Individuals were assessed cross-sectionally for exposure to major storms and other traumatic events (Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale; PDS), financial stress (Chronic Financial Stress Scale), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), PTSD (PDS), somatic syndrome (SCL-90-R), alcohol dependency (ICD-10), self-perceived general physical health (SF 36), and functional impairment (PDS life functioning section); caseness was determined using the various measures' algorithms. RESULTS 22.7% percent of the sample (n=227) met caseness criteria in one or more mental health domains, and 22.1% (n=221) reported moderate to severe functional impairment. Lifetime exposure to typhoons and other major storms was 99% (n=978), with 77% (n=742) reporting traumatic major storm exposure. Moderate to high levels of financial stress were reported by 30% (n=297). Frequency of exposure to major storms was not associated with increased risk for mental health problems but traumatic exposure to a major storm was. Overall, the strongest predictor of mental health problems was financial stress. Number of traumatic typhoons and other major storms in turn were significant predictors (r2 = .03) of financial stress. The primary predictor of alcohol dependency was male gender, highlighting the importance of gender roles in development of alcohol abuse in countries like Vietnam. CONCLUSIONS Individuals living in central coastal Vietnam have elevated rates of PTSD, somatic syndrome, and functional impairment but not depression or anxiety. Financial stress was the strongest predictor of mental health problems. Results suggest the importance of conducting broad assessments when providing mental health support for disaster-impacted communities. Study results suggest that one indirect consequence of predicted global climate change may be increased prevalence of mental health problems in communities such as that assessed in the present study, due to increased risk for traumatic storm-related exposure and through indirect effects on financial stress, but not through a general increased risk for major storms. Such results also indicate that when supporting LMIC communities that have experienced natural disasters, it will be important to consider the broader community context including poverty, in addition to the direct effects of the disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahr Weiss
- Peabody MSC 552, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203
| | - Lam Tu Trung
- Danang Psychiatric Hospital, 193 Nguyen Luong Bang Street, Lien Chieu District, Danang, Vietnam
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Stratton KJ, Edwards AC, Overstreet C, Richardson L, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Amstadter AB. Caretaker mental health and family environment factors are associated with adolescent psychiatric problems in a Vietnamese sample. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:453-60. [PMID: 25204862 PMCID: PMC4350258 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about risk factors for adolescent mental health in Vietnam. The present study investigated the relationship between caretaker mental health and adolescent mental health in a cross-sectional Vietnamese sample. Primary caretakers completed measures of their own mental distress and general health status using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) as well as reports of adolescent mental health using the parent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Multivariate regression models were used to examine the relationships between the caretaker and adolescent health variables. The demographic factors of age, sex, ethnicity, religious affiliation, and household wealth status demonstrated significant relationships with SDQ subscale scores. Caretaker mental health was positively associated with adolescent mental health, and this association remained significant even after accounting for other relevant demographic variables and caretaker general health status. Understanding correlates of adolescent mental health difficulties may help identify youth and families at risk for developing psychiatric problems and inform mental health interventions in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelcey Jane Stratton
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Boulevard (116-B), Richmond, VA 23249, USA; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond, VA 23219, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Alexis Christine Edwards
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond VA 23219 USA
| | - Cassie Overstreet
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond VA 23219 USA, Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | | | | | - Lam Tu Trung
- Da Nang Mental Health Hospital, Da Nang City, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Tuan
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - La Thi Buoi
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Duc Thach
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ananda Beth Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 East Leigh Street, Biotech 1, Suite 101, Richmond VA 23219 USA
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Stratton KJ, Aggen SH, Richardson LK, Berenz EC, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Amstadter AB. Using the SRQ-20 factor structure to examine changes in mental distress following typhoon exposure. Psychol Assess 2014; 26:528-38. [PMID: 24512425 DOI: 10.1037/a0035871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Empirical research is limited regarding postdisaster assessment of distress in developing nations. This study aimed to evaluate the factor structure of the 20-item Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) before and after an acute trauma, Typhoon Xangsane, in order to examine changes in mental health symptoms in an epidemiologic sample of Vietnamese adults. The study examined a model estimating individual item factor loadings, thresholds, and a latent change factor for the SRQ-20's single "general distress" common factor. The covariates of sex, age, and severity of typhoon exposure were used to evaluate the disaster-induced changes in SRQ-20 scores while accounting for possible differences in the relationship between individual measurement scale items and the latent mental health construct. Evidence for measurement noninvariance was found. However, allowing sex and age effects on the pre-typhoon and post-typhoon factors accounted for much of the noninvariance in the SRQ-20 measurement structure. A test of no latent change failed, indicating that the SRQ-20 detected significant individual differences in distress between pre- and post-typhoon assessment. Conditioning on age and sex, several typhoon exposure variables differentially predicted levels of distress change, including evacuation, personal injury, and peri-event fear. On average, females and older individuals reported higher levels of distress than males and younger individuals, respectively. The SRQ-20 is a valid and reasonably stable instrument that may be used in postdisaster contexts to assess emotional distress and individual changes in mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven H Aggen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | | | - Erin C Berenz
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | | | | | | | - Tran Tuan
- Research and Training Center for Community Development
| | - La Thi Buoi
- Research and Training Center for Community Development
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Research and Training Center for Community Development
| | | | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
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Brown RC, Trapp SK, Berenz EC, Bigdeli TB, Acierno R, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Amstadter AB. Pre-typhoon socioeconomic status factors predict post-typhoon psychiatric symptoms in a Vietnamese sample. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013; 48:1721-7. [PMID: 23563529 PMCID: PMC3898626 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure to natural disasters has been associated with increased risk for various forms of psychopathology. Evidence indicates that socioeconomic status (SES) may be important for understanding post-disaster psychiatric distress; however, studies of SES-relevant factors in non-Western, disaster-exposed samples are lacking. The primary aim of the current study was to examine the role of pre-typhoon SES-relevant factors in relation to post-typhoon psychiatric symptoms among Vietnamese individuals exposed to Typhoon Xangsane. METHODS In 2006, Typhoon Xangsane disrupted a mental health needs assessment in Vietnam in which the Self Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20), and the Demographic and Health Surveys Wealth Index, a measure of SES created for use in low-income countries, were administered pre-typhoon. The SRQ-20 was re-administered post-typhoon. RESULTS Results of a linear mixed model indicated that the covariates of older age, female sex, and higher levels of pre-typhoon psychiatric symptoms were associated with higher levels of post-typhoon psychiatric symptoms. Analysis of SES indicators revealed that owning fewer consumer goods, having lower quality of household services, and having attained less education were associated with higher levels of post-typhoon symptoms, above and beyond the covariates, whereas quality of the household build, employment status, and insurance status were not related to post-typhoon psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSION Even after controlling for demographic characteristics and pre-typhoon psychiatric symptoms, certain SES factors uniquely predicted post-typhoon psychiatric distress. These SES characteristics may be useful for identifying individuals in developing countries who are in need of early intervention following disaster exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth C. Brown
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Stephen K. Trapp
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Erin C. Berenz
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Tim Bernard Bigdeli
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ron Acierno
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Lam Tu Trung
- Da Nang Mental Health Hospital, Da Nang City, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Tuan
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - La Thi Buoi
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Duc Thach
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ananda B. Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Roberson-Nay R, Berenz EC, Acierno R, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Amstadter AB. Characteristics of individuals meeting criteria for new onset panic attacks following exposure to a typhoon. Psychiatry Res 2013; 209:574-8. [PMID: 23778303 PMCID: PMC3874293 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The association between trauma exposure and panic attacks has received increased attention over the past decade, with mounting evidence suggesting an overlapping etiologic pathway. This study examined the incidence of new onset panic attacks in 775 Vietnamese individuals in the 2-3 months following Typhoon Xangsane. Pre-typhoon (Wave 1) and post-typhoon (Wave 2) assessments were conducted, allowing for consideration of factors occurring prior to the typhoon in addition to typhoon-relevant responding. Of the 775 participants, 11.6% (n=90) met criteria for lifetime panic attack pre-typhoon and 2.8% (n=22) met post-typhoon panic attack criteria. Individuals with pre-typhoon panic were significantly older and reported less education compared to the no-panic group. Individuals in both panic groups were more likely to screen positive on a Wave1 psychiatric screening measure, endorse greater typhoon exposure and prior traumatic event exposure and were significantly more likely to meet DSM-IV criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression (MDD) post-typhoon compared with persons reporting no history of panic attacks. Pre and post-typhoon panic exhibited similar patterns across variables and both panic conditions were associated with the development of PTSD and MDD, suggesting that persons experiencing panic attacks may represent a vulnerable population in need of early intervention services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxann Roberson-Nay
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Erin C. Berenz
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ron Acierno
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Lam Tu Trung
- Da Nang Mental Health Hospital, Da Nang City, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Tuan
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - La Thi Buoi
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Duc Thach
- Research and Training Center for Community Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ananda B. Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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Berenz EC, Trapp SK, Acierno R, Richardson L, Kilpatrick DG, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Gaboury M, Amstadter AB. Pretyphoon panic attack history moderates the relationship between degree of typhoon exposure and posttyphoon PTSD and depression in a Vietnamese sample. Depress Anxiety 2013; 30:461-8. [PMID: 23495143 PMCID: PMC4068253 DOI: 10.1002/da.22096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predisaster risk factors are related to postdisaster psychopathology even at relatively low levels of disaster exposure. A history of panic attacks (PA) may convey risk for postdisaster psychopathology and has been linked to a wide range of psychiatric disorders in Western and non-Western samples. The present study examined the main and interactive effects of pretyphoon PA and level of typhoon exposure in the onset of posttyphoon posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in a Vietnamese sample of typhoon survivors. METHODS Typhoon Xangsane interrupted a Vietnamese epidemiological mental health needs assessment, providing a rare opportunity for preand posttyphoon assessments. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses evaluated whether the main and interactive effects of typhoon exposure severity and PA history were significantly related to posttyphoon diagnoses, above and beyond age, health status, pretyphoon psychiatric screening results, and history of potentially traumatic events. RESULTS PA history moderated the relationship between severity of typhoon exposure and posttyphoon PTSD and MDD, but not GAD. Specifically, greater degree of exposure to the typhoon was significantly related to increased likelihood of postdisaster PTSD and MDD among individuals without a history of PA, above and beyond variance accounted for by pretyphoon psychiatric screening results. Individuals with a history of PA evidenced greater risk for postdisaster PTSD and MDD regardless of severity of typhoon exposure. CONCLUSIONS Preexisting PA may affect the nature of the relationship between disaster characteristics and prevalence of postdisaster PTSD and MDD within Vietnamese samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C Berenz
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0126, USA.
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Amstadter AB, Richardson L, Meyer A, Sawyer G, Kilpatrick DG, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Gaboury M, Acierno R. Prevalence and correlates of probable adolescent mental health problems reported by parents in Vietnam. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2011; 46:95-100. [PMID: 20012859 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-009-0172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of probable mental health problems in an epidemiologic study of Vietnamese adolescents. A secondary aim was to examine the correlates of probable mental health caseness. METHODS Interviewers visited 1,914 households that were randomly selected to participate in a multi-agency study of mental health in select provinces of Vietnam. Semi-structured interviews assessed adolescent mental health problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) parent informant version, and additionally the interviewers collected information on demographic variables (age, gender, ethnic group, religious affiliation, social capital). The final sample included data on 1,368 adolescents (aged 11-18 years). RESULTS The average score on the total problem composite of the SDQ scale was 6.66 (SD=4.89), and 9.1% of the sample was considered a case (n=124). Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine which demographic variables were related to the SDQ case/non-case score. All variables except gender were significant in bivariate analyses, and therefore were entered into a logistic regression. Results indicated that age, religion, and wealth remained significant predictors of probable caseness. CONCLUSIONS Overall, prevalence estimates of mental health problems generated by the SDQ were consistent with those reported in the US and other Western and non-Western samples. Results of the current study suggest some concordance of risk and protective factors between Western and Vietnamese youth (i.e., age and SES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Amstadter AB, Richardson L, Acierno R, Kilpatrick DG, Gaboury MT, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD. Does Interviewer Status Matter? An examination of Lay Interviewers and Medical Doctor Interviewers in an Epidemiological Study in Vietnam. Int Perspect Vict 2010; 5:55. [PMID: 24683551 PMCID: PMC3966528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In 2006, typhoon Xangsane disrupted a large-scale multi-agency mental health study of 4,982 individuals in the DaNang province of Vietnam. Following this disaster, 795 of the original 4,982 participants were randomly assigned to be re-interviewed by either a medical doctor or a lay interviewer using structured clinical interviews to determine prevalence of lifetime and post-typhoon post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder (PD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (APA, 1994). The aim of the present study was to determine if prevalence of disorders differed by interviewer type. Bivariate analyses and multivariable analyses, as well as internal reliability estimates, all indicated no significant differences between the medical doctor interviewers versus the lay interviewers. This held for both lifetime prevalence as well as post-typhoon prevalence of disorders. This study has implications for epidemiologic studies, as it indicates that with adequate training, the use of lay interviewers may be a valid means of data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mario T Gaboury
- University of New Haven and Oskar Schindler Humanities Foundation
| | | | | | | | - Tran Tuan
- Research and Training Center for Community Development
| | - La Thi Buoi
- Research and Training Center for Community Development
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Research and Training Center for Community Development
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Richardson LK, Amstadter AB, Kilpatrick DG, Gaboury MT, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Acierno R. Estimating mental distress in Vietnam: the use of the SRQ-20. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2010; 56:133-42. [PMID: 20207676 DOI: 10.1177/0020764008099554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-based estimates of psychopathology prevalence in developing countries such as Vietnam, are needed to reduce presumed significant burden of poor mental health. AIMS This study derived population-based prevalence estimates of mental distress, as measured by the SRQ-20, in a community sample of 4,981 adults living in Vietnam. This study also examined correlates of mental distress based on SRQ-20 caseness indications. Risk and protective factors were identified in terms of their unique contribution to caseness. RESULTS Using a cut-off of 7/8, 19.2% of the sample was considered to be a probable case (n = 954), with females endorsing more items than males. Marital status and employment status were not associated with mental health distress. Higher wealth, endorsing religious affiliation, and self-reports of good health were associated with lower SRQ-20 scores. Age and being female were associated with higher SRQ-20 scores. CONCLUSIONS A single item was as adequate a measure of wealth as multi-item rating scales. Our estimate of mental distress using the SRQ-20 is much greater than that of other studies, and in contrast to western prevalence studies, age was not a protective factor in this study. The SRQ-20 is a brief, cost-effective and reasonably valid measure of both community and individual mental distress.
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Amstadter AB, Acierno R, Richardson LK, Kilpatrick DG, Gros DF, Gaboury MT, Tran TL, Trung LT, Tam NT, Tuan T, Buoi LT, Ha TT, Thach TD, Galea S. Posttyphoon prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder in a Vietnamese sample. J Trauma Stress 2009; 22:180-8. [PMID: 19455707 PMCID: PMC2720525 DOI: 10.1002/jts.20404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In 2006, typhoon Xangsane disrupted a multiagency health needs study of 4,982 individuals in Vietnam. Following this disaster, 798 of the original participants were reinterviewed to determine prevalence and risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder (PD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Posttyphoon prevalences were PTSD 2.6%, MDD 5.9%, PD 9.3%, and GAD 2.2%. Of those meeting criteria for a disorder, 70% reported only one disorder, 15% had two, 14% had three, and 1% met criteria for all four disorders. Risk factors for posttyphoon psychopathology differed among disorders, but generally were related to high typhoon exposure, prior trauma exposure, and in contrast to Western populations, higher age, but not gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda B Amstadter
- National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center, PO Box 250852, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Trung
- National Institute of Burns, Hanoi, Vietnam
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14
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Abstract
This study determined the responses of early lactating goats fed varying amounts of rumen-inert fat. Forty multiparous high producing Alpine does in the first 2 wk of lactation were assigned randomly to four isonitrogenous dietary treatments containing 0, 3, 6, and 9% added fat. The study consisted of a 2-wk preliminary and a 10-wk experimental period. Feed intake, blood glucose, and rumen pH were not affected by dietary treatments. Body weight gain and milk production decreased linearly as dietary fat increased. Peak production was higher with 3% added fat than with 6 and 9%. The SCC, total solids, and lactose contents of milk were unaffected by fat percentage. Milk fat percentage increased linearly as fat percentage increased; milk protein content was highest at 6% dietary fat addition. The rumen-inert fat tended to increase long-chain fatty acids and to reduce short-chain fatty acids of milk. These findings suggest that fat supplementation at 3% of the total diet can increase fat percentage in milk from high producing dairy goats in early lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Teh
- E (Kika) de la Garza Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, OK 73050
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