1
|
Naumenko N, Mutikainen M, Holappa L, Ruas JL, Tuomainen T, Tavi P. PGC-1α deficiency reveals sex-specific links between cardiac energy metabolism and EC-coupling during development of heart failure in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1520-1534. [PMID: 34086875 PMCID: PMC9074965 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Biological sex has fundamental effects on mammalian heart physiology and pathogenesis. While it has been established that female sex is a protective factor against most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), this beneficial effect may involve pathways associated with cardiac energy metabolism. Our aim was to elucidate the role of transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in sex dimorphism of heart failure (HF) development. Methods and results Here, we show that mice deficient in cardiac expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) develop dilated HF associated with changes in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, calcium handling, cell structure, electrophysiology, as well as gene expression. These cardiac changes occur in both sexes, but female mice develop an earlier and more severe structural and functional phenotype associated with dyssynchronous local calcium release resulting from disruption of t-tubular structures of the cardiomyocytes. Conclusions These data reveal that the integrity of the subcellular Ca2+ release and uptake machinery is dependent on energy metabolism and that female hearts are more prone to suffer from contractile dysfunction in conditions with compromised production of cellular energy. Furthermore, these findings suggest that PGC-1α is a central mediator of sex-specific differences in heart function and CVD susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Naumenko
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lari Holappa
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elkhwanky MS, Kummu O, Piltonen TT, Laru J, Morin-Papunen L, Mutikainen M, Tavi P, Hakkola J. Obesity Represses CYP2R1, the Vitamin D 25-Hydroxylase, in the Liver and Extrahepatic Tissues. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10397. [PMID: 33210060 PMCID: PMC7657391 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low plasma level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D), namely vitamin D deficiency, is associated with obesity and weight loss improves 25-OH-D status. However, the mechanism behind obesity-induced vitamin D deficiency remains unclear. Here, we report that obesity suppresses the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2R1, the main vitamin D 25-hydroxylase, in both mice and humans. In humans, weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery increased the expression of CYP2R1 in the s.c. adipose tissue suggesting recovery after the obesity-induced suppression. At the same time, CYP27B1, the vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase, was repressed by the weight loss. In a mouse (C57BL/6N) model of diet-induced obesity, the plasma 25-OH-D was decreased. In accordance, the CYP2R1 expression was strongly repressed in the liver. Moreover, obesity repressed the expression of CYP2R1 in several extrahepatic tissues, the kidney, brown adipose tissue, and testis, but not in the white adipose tissue. Obesity had a similar effect in both male and female mice. In mice, obesity repressed expression of the vitamin D receptor in brown adipose tissue. Obesity also upregulated the expression of the vitamin D receptor and CYP24A1 in the s.c. adipose tissue of a subset of mice; however, no effect was observed in the human s.c. adipose tissue. In summary, we show that obesity affects CYP2R1 expression both in the mouse and human tissues. We suggest that in mouse the CYP2R1 repression in the liver plays an important role in obesity-induced vitamin D deficiency. Currently, it is unclear whether the CYP2R1 downregulation in extrahepatic tissues could contribute to the obesity-induced low plasma 25-OH-D, however, this phenomenon may affect at least the local 25-OH-D concentrations. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud-Sobhy Elkhwanky
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Oulu Oulu Finland.,Biocenter Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Outi Kummu
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Oulu Oulu Finland.,Biocenter Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Johanna Laru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Laure Morin-Papunen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Jukka Hakkola
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Oulu Oulu Finland.,Biocenter Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hynynen H, Mutikainen M, Naumenko N, Shakirzyanova A, Tuomainen T, Tavi P. Short high-fat diet interferes with the physiological maturation of the late adolescent mouse heart. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14474. [PMID: 32643294 PMCID: PMC7343666 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fats are essential for cardiac function. The metabolites of fats known as fatty acids provide most of the energy for cardiac tissue, serve as building blocks for membranes and regulate important signaling cascades. Despite their importance, excess fat intake can cause cardiac dysfunction. The detrimental effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on cardiac health are widely investigated in long-term studies but the short-term effects of fats have not been thoroughly studied. To elucidate the near-term effects of a HFD on the growth and maturation of late adolescent heart we subjected 11-week-old mice to an 8-week long HFD (42% of calories from fat, 42% from carbohydrate, n = 8) or chow diet (12% of calories from fat, 66% from carbohydrate, n = 7) and assessed their effects on the heart in vivo and in vitro. Our results showed that excessive fat feeding interferes with normal maturation of the heart indicated by the lack of increase in dimensions, volume, and stroke volume of the left ventricles of mice on high fat diet that were evident in mice on chow diet. In addition, differences in regional strain during the contraction cycle between mice on HFD and chow diet were seen. These changes were associated with reduced activity of the growth promoting PI3K-Akt1 signaling cascade and moderate changes in glucose metabolism without changes in calcium signaling. This study suggests that even a short period of HFD during late adolescence hinders cardiac maturation and causes physiological changes that may have an impact on the cardiac health in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hynynen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Nikolay Naumenko
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | | | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peippo J, Vähänikkilä N, Mutikainen M, Lindeberg H, Pohjanvirta T, Simonen H, Pelkonen S, Autio T. 110 Absence of transmission of Mycoplasma bovis via naturally contaminated semen during invitro fertilization. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis (Mbo) has been isolated from genital tracts of bulls, and it can survive in processed semen. Experimental studies have shown that Mbo inoculation into the uterus or insemination with Mbo-infected semen can cause bursitis, salpingitis, abortion, and infertility. The control of Mbo is very difficult because of latent carrier animals, increasing resistance to antibiotics, and unavailability of effective vaccines. The aim of this study was to follow the passage of Mbo infection from naturally contaminated semen to transferable embryos during bovine invitro embryo production (IVP). (Unless otherwise stated, all chemicals used were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.) Two batches of slaughterhouse-derived oocytes were matured in tissue culture medium 199 (TCM-199) with glutamax-I (Gibco™; Invitrogen Corporation) supplemented with 0.25mM sodium pyruvate, 100IUmL−1 penicillin, 100µgmL−1 streptomycin, 2ngmL−1 FSH (Puregon, Organon), 1µgmL−1 β-oestradiol (E-2257), and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco™) for 24h at 38.5°C in maximal humidity in 5% CO2 in air. Matured oocytes were fertilized for 20h in IVF-TL medium supplemented with 10µgmL−1 of heparin and 2mM of PHE at 38.5°C in maximal humidity in 5% CO2 in air, using spermatozoa per mL as a final concentration. The batches of oocytes were divided between uninfected IVP bull (N=205) and naturally Mbo-infected AI bull (N=690). Zygotes were cultured in G1/G2 media (Vitrolife) supplemented with bovine serum albumin, fatty acid free (4mgmL−1), at 38.5°C in maximal humidity in 5% O2, 5% CO2, and 90% N2. Blastocysts were collected for Mbo cultures on Days 7 and 8 (IVF=Day 0). Samples of washed semen, fertilization medium, cumulus cells, culture medium, all wash media, and transferable embryos (with and without zona pellucidae) were collected for Mbo cultures. Half of the embryos were treated with trypsin according to IETS standards after the collections. The Mbo cultures were performed in accordance with procedures previously described by Bölske (1988 Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A 69, 331-340), followed by detection with real-time PCR. Infection with Mbo does not seem to have negative effects on fertilization (cleavage rates: 77.1% and 89.0% for IVP and Mbo AI bulls, respectively) or embryo development rates (blastocyst rate: 26.3% and 32.5% for IVP and Mbo AI bulls, respectively). Following Mbo cultures, only washed semen was found to be Mbo positive via real-time PCR. We conclude that M. bovis is not likely transmitted in bovine IVP when using naturally infected semen.
We acknowledge Tiina Kortelainen for technical assistance and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry for funding.
Collapse
|
5
|
Aatsinki SM, Elkhwanky MS, Kummu O, Karpale M, Buler M, Viitala P, Rinne V, Mutikainen M, Tavi P, Franko A, Wiesner RJ, Chambers KT, Finck BN, Hakkola J. Fasting-Induced Transcription Factors Repress Vitamin D Bioactivation, a Mechanism for Vitamin D Deficiency in Diabetes. Diabetes 2019; 68:918-931. [PMID: 30833469 PMCID: PMC6477896 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels correlate with the prevalence of diabetes; however, the mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, we show that nutritional deprivation-responsive mechanisms regulate vitamin D metabolism. Both fasting and diabetes suppressed hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2R1, the main vitamin D 25-hydroxylase responsible for the first bioactivation step. Overexpression of coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), induced physiologically by fasting and pathologically in diabetes, resulted in dramatic downregulation of CYP2R1 in mouse hepatocytes in an estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα)-dependent manner. However, PGC-1α knockout did not prevent fasting-induced suppression of CYP2R1 in the liver, indicating that additional factors contribute to the CYP2R1 repression. Furthermore, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation repressed the liver CYP2R1, suggesting GR involvement in the regulation of CYP2R1. GR antagonist mifepristone partially prevented CYP2R1 repression during fasting, suggesting that glucocorticoids and GR contribute to the CYP2R1 repression during fasting. Moreover, fasting upregulated the vitamin D catabolizing CYP24A1 in the kidney through the PGC-1α-ERRα pathway. Our study uncovers a molecular mechanism for vitamin D deficiency in diabetes and reveals a novel negative feedback mechanism that controls crosstalk between energy homeostasis and the vitamin D pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanna-Mari Aatsinki
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Admescope Ltd., Oulu, Finland
| | - Mahmoud-Sobhy Elkhwanky
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kummu
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko Karpale
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marcin Buler
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pirkko Viitala
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Andras Franko
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Köln, Köln, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf J Wiesner
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Kari T Chambers
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brian N Finck
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jukka Hakkola
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Felszeghy S, Viiri J, Paterno JJ, Hyttinen JMT, Koskela A, Chen M, Leinonen H, Tanila H, Kivinen N, Koistinen A, Toropainen E, Amadio M, Smedowski A, Reinisalo M, Winiarczyk M, Mackiewicz J, Mutikainen M, Ruotsalainen AK, Kettunen M, Jokivarsi K, Sinha D, Kinnunen K, Petrovski G, Blasiak J, Bjørkøy G, Koskelainen A, Skottman H, Urtti A, Salminen A, Kannan R, Ferrington DA, Xu H, Levonen AL, Tavi P, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K. Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration. Redox Biol 2018; 20:1-12. [PMID: 30253279 PMCID: PMC6156745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, DNA and lipids and evoke tissue deterioration during the aging process. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosomal/autophagosomal pathway are the two major proteolytic systems in eukaryotic cells. NRF-2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha) are master transcription factors in the regulation of cellular detoxification. We investigated the role of NRF-2 and PGC-1α in the regulation of RPE cell structure and function by using global double knockout (dKO) mice. The NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mice exhibited significant age-dependent RPE degeneration, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker, 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal), the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, levels of protein ubiquitination and autophagy markers p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), Beclin-1 and LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) were significantly increased together with the Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) mononuclear phagocyte marker and an enlargement of RPE size. These histopathological changes of RPE were accompanied by photoreceptor dysmorphology and vision loss as revealed by electroretinography. Consequently, these novel findings suggest that the NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse is a valuable model for investigating the role of proteasomal and autophagy clearance in the RPE and in the development of dry AMD. NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse model shows a dry AMD-like phenotype. Loss of NRF-2/PGC-1α genes increased oxidative and ER stress in RPE cells. High oxidative stress was associated with impaired autophagy and proteasomal clearance. The pathology becomes manifest as an age-related loss of photoreceptor function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi J Paterno
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha M T Hyttinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ali Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mei Chen
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Henri Leinonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niko Kivinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Koistinen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elisa Toropainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adrian Smedowski
- Chair and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mika Reinisalo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mateusz Winiarczyk
- Department of Epizootiology, University of Life Sciences of Lublin, Poland; Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kettunen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kimmo Jokivarsi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Debasish Sinha
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kati Kinnunen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Centre of Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Geir Bjørkøy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Norwegian University of Science and Technology and Department of Technology; University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ari Koskelainen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ram Kannan
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Ferrington
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Heping Xu
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Anna-Liisa Levonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kärkkäinen O, Tuomainen T, Mutikainen M, Lehtonen M, Ruas JL, Hanhineva K, Tavi P. Heart specific PGC-1α deletion identifies metabolome of cardiac restricted metabolic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:107-118. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart failure (HF) is associated with drastic changes in metabolism leading to a cardiac energy deficiency well as maladaptive changes in multiple other tissues. It is still unclear which of these changes originates from cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling or whether they are induced secondarily by systemic factors. Our aim here was to induce cardiac restricted metabolic changes mimicking those seen in HF and to characterize the associated metabolite changes in the heart, circulation, and peripheral tissues.
Methods and results
We generated a cardiac specific PGC-1α knockout mice (KO) to specifically induce metabolic dysregulation typically accompanied by HF and performed a non-targeted LC-MS metabolite profiling analysis of heart, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle to identify metabolites associated with cardiac specific metabolic remodelling. The KO animals developed a progressive cardiomyopathy with cardiac dilatation leading to fatal HF. At 17 weeks of age, when significant remodelling had occurred but before the onset of HF, isolated PGC-1α deficient cardiomyocytes had suppressed glucose and fatty acid oxidation as well as blunted anaerobic metabolism. KO hearts displayed a distinctive metabolite profile with 92 significantly altered molecular features including metabolite changes in energy metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, amino acids, and oxidative stress signalling. Some of the metabolite changes correlated with the specific parameters of cardiac function. We did not observe any significant alterations in the metabolomes of the other measured tissues or in plasma.
Conclusions
Heart specific PGC-1α KO induces metabolic, functional, and structural abnormalities leading to dilating cardiomyopathy and HF. The metabolic changes were limited to the cardiac tissue indicating that cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling is not sufficient to evoke the body wide metabolic alterations usually associated with HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mutikainen M, Tuomainen T, Naumenko N, Huusko J, Smirin B, Laidinen S, Kokki K, Hynynen H, Ylä-Herttuala S, Heinäniemi M, Ruas JL, Tavi P. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1 α1 induces a cardiac excitation-contraction coupling phenotype without metabolic remodelling. J Physiol 2017; 594:7049-7071. [PMID: 27716916 DOI: 10.1113/jp272847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α1 has been shown to regulate energy metabolism and to mediate metabolic adaptations in pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy but other functional implications of PGC-1α1 expression are not known. Transgenic PGC-1α1 overexpression within the physiological range in mouse heart induces purposive changes in contractile properties, electrophysiology and calcium signalling but does not induce substantial metabolic remodelling. The phenotype of the PGC-1α1 transgenic mouse heart recapitulates most of the functional modifications usually associated with the exercise-induced heart phenotype, but does not protect the heart against load-induced pathological hypertrophy. Transcriptional effects of PGC-1α1 show clear dose-dependence with diverse changes in genes in circadian clock, heat shock, excitability, calcium signalling and contraction pathways at low overexpression levels, while metabolic genes are recruited at much higher PGC-1α1 expression levels. These results imply that the physiological role of PGC-1α1 is to promote a beneficial excitation-contraction coupling phenotype in the heart. ABSTRACT The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α1 has been identified as a central factor mediating metabolic adaptations of the heart. However, to what extent physiological changes in PGC-1α1 expression levels actually contribute to the functional adaptation of the heart is still mostly unresolved. The aim of this study was to characterize the transcriptional and functional effects of physiologically relevant, moderate PGC-1α1 expression in the heart. In vivo and ex vivo physiological analysis shows that expression of PGC-1α1 within a physiological range in mouse heart does not induce the expected metabolic alterations, but instead induces a unique excitation-contraction (EC) coupling phenotype recapitulating features typically seen in physiological hypertrophy. Transcriptional screening of PGC-1α1 overexpressing mouse heart and myocyte cultures with higher, acute adenovirus-induced PGC-1α1 expression, highlights PGC-1α1 as a transcriptional coactivator with a number of binding partners in various pathways (such as heat shock factors and the circadian clock) through which it acts as a pleiotropic transcriptional regulator in the heart, to both augment and repress the expression of its target genes in a dose-dependent fashion. At low levels of overexpression PGC-1α1 elicits a diverse transcriptional response altering the expression state of circadian clock, heat shock, excitability, calcium signalling and contraction pathways, while metabolic targets of PGC-1α1 are recruited at higher PGC-1α1 expression levels. Together these findings demonstrate that PGC-1α1 elicits a dual effect on cardiac transcription and phenotype. Further, our results imply that the physiological role of PGC-1α1 is to promote a beneficial EC coupling phenotype in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maija Mutikainen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nikolay Naumenko
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jenni Huusko
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Boris Smirin
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Laidinen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Krista Kokki
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heidi Hynynen
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pasi Tavi
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|