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Felszeghy S, Kurki P, Liukkonen M, Suominen AL, Huhtela O. The combination of listening to background music and deep breathing as a stress reduction strategy during dental preclinical study. J Dent Educ 2024; 88:342-347. [PMID: 37964502 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES According to our earlier study, background music can help foster dental preclinical manual dexterity training and learning and has the potential to increase student satisfaction and productivity. Deep diaphragmatic breathing helps produce a relaxed mental state and is considered a behavioral coping strategy to reduce anxiety. Experimental data on whether background music combined with deep belly breathing reduces the stress and anxiety of preclinical dental students during practice is lacking. Thus, we focused on evaluating the effects of the combined use of these two techniques on dental students during preclinical manual skills training. METHODS Thirty-one voluntary 3rd-year dental students' anxiety levels and their behavioral changes were monitored via anonymous, voluntary surveys including the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A). RESULTS Overall, stress measured by GHQ-12 decreased significantly in female students (p = 0.025), but not in males. Both background music and deep belly breathing significantly reduced all students' fear and stress based on their VAS-A scores in practice. However, a clear difference from the nonuse of coping strategies could not be conclusively shown. The students regarded the course positively based on survey replies. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of the two coping strategies delivered beneficial effects to the preclinical dental students: they reduced the amount of stress in the supervised preclinical students and considerably cut down the students' anxiety. Further investigation of this new dental training scenario may help professionals provide better student education and care management during the dental preclinical phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Kurki
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Liukkonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Teaching Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Outi Huhtela
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Teaching Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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2
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Gruper Y, Wolff ASB, Glanz L, Spoutil F, Marthinussen MC, Osickova A, Herzig Y, Goldfarb Y, Aranaz-Novaliches G, Dobeš J, Kadouri N, Ben-Nun O, Binyamin A, Lavi B, Givony T, Khalaila R, Gome T, Wald T, Mrazkova B, Sochen C, Besnard M, Ben-Dor S, Feldmesser E, Orlova EM, Hegedűs C, Lampé I, Papp T, Felszeghy S, Sedlacek R, Davidovich E, Tal N, Shouval DS, Shamir R, Guillonneau C, Szondy Z, Lundin KEA, Osicka R, Prochazka J, Husebye ES, Abramson J. Autoimmune amelogenesis imperfecta in patients with APS-1 and coeliac disease. Nature 2023; 624:653-662. [PMID: 37993717 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Ameloblasts are specialized epithelial cells in the jaw that have an indispensable role in tooth enamel formation-amelogenesis1. Amelogenesis depends on multiple ameloblast-derived proteins that function as a scaffold for hydroxyapatite crystals. The loss of function of ameloblast-derived proteins results in a group of rare congenital disorders called amelogenesis imperfecta2. Defects in enamel formation are also found in patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type-1 (APS-1), caused by AIRE deficiency3,4, and in patients diagnosed with coeliac disease5-7. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that the vast majority of patients with APS-1 and coeliac disease develop autoantibodies (mostly of the IgA isotype) against ameloblast-specific proteins, the expression of which is induced by AIRE in the thymus. This in turn results in a breakdown of central tolerance, and subsequent generation of corresponding autoantibodies that interfere with enamel formation. However, in coeliac disease, the generation of such autoantibodies seems to be driven by a breakdown of peripheral tolerance to intestinal antigens that are also expressed in enamel tissue. Both conditions are examples of a previously unidentified type of IgA-dependent autoimmune disorder that we collectively name autoimmune amelogenesis imperfecta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Gruper
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anette S B Wolff
- Department of Clinical Science and K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Liad Glanz
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Frantisek Spoutil
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Mihaela Cuida Marthinussen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway/Vestland, Bergen, Norway
| | - Adriana Osickova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yonatan Herzig
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Goldfarb
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Goretti Aranaz-Novaliches
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dobeš
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Noam Kadouri
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Osher Ben-Nun
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amit Binyamin
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bar Lavi
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Givony
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Razi Khalaila
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tom Gome
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomáš Wald
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Mrazkova
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Carmel Sochen
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marine Besnard
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Bioinformatics Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ester Feldmesser
- Bioinformatics Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elisaveta M Orlova
- Endocrinological Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Lampé
- Department of Biomaterials and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Papp
- Division of Dental Anatomy, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Division of Dental Anatomy, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Esti Davidovich
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Noa Tal
- The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror S Shouval
- The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raanan Shamir
- The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Zsuzsa Szondy
- Division of Dental Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Knut E A Lundin
- K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Radim Osicka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Eystein S Husebye
- Department of Clinical Science and K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jakub Abramson
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Felszeghy S, Huhtela O, Manninen K, Mäenpää M, Banafa A, Liukkonen M, Mutluay M. VR-haptic and phantom head dental training: Does the order matter? A comparative study from a preclinical fixed prostho-dontics course. Int J Comput Dent 2023; 0:0. [PMID: 37823540 DOI: 10.3290/j.ijcd.b4451364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Learning tooth preparation techniques and the finesse required is an important part of preclinical dental education. Being able to practice surgical skills without loss of Frasaco® teeth while being provided with performance analysis data is a boon to students and educators. We investigated the combination of haptics-enhanced virtual reality (Simodont®) and conventional phantom head practice in a preclinical dental course, evaluating the students' performances and perceptions. Forty students were randomized into two groups: Group One began within a VR-haptic setting while Group Two worked with Frasaco® teeth. Halfway through the course the scenarios were switched. A crown preparation test on Frasaco® teeth was conducted at the end of the course. Students' performances and satisfaction were assessed anonymously. Analysis of the students' performances included clinical metrics (occlusal and axial reduction, convergence angle, damage to adjacent teeth). The perceived usefulness of VR-haptic and phantom head simulations was assessed. In Group One, the tooth preparation metrics were more in line with the requested parameters compared to Group Two. All students ranked VR-haptics highly regarding manual dexterity improvement. In conclusion, this study shows that by combining VR-haptics with conventional dental procedures, it is possible to improve important preparation metrics in fixed prosthodontics tooth preparation.
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Vottonen L, Koskela A, Felszeghy S, Wylegala A, Kryszan K, Gurubaran IS, Kaarniranta K, Wylegala E. Oxidative Stress and Cellular Protein Accumulation Are Present in Keratoconus, Macular Corneal Dystrophy, and Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4332. [PMID: 37445366 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate oxidative stress as well as cellular protein accumulation in corneal diseases including keratoconus (KC), macular corneal dystrophy (MCD), and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) at their primary affecting sites. Corneal buttons from KC, MCD, and FECD patients, as well as healthy controls, were analyzed immunohistochemically to evaluate the presence of oxidative stress and the function of the proteostasis network. 4-Fydroxynonenal (4-HNE) was used as a marker of oxidative stress, whereas the levels of catalase and heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) were analyzed to evaluate the response of the antioxidant defense system and molecular chaperones, respectively. Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) levels were determined to assess protein aggregation and the functionality of autophagic degradation. Basal epithelial cells of the KC samples showed increased levels of oxidative stress marker 4-HNE and antioxidant enzyme catalase together with elevated levels of HSP70 and accumulation of SQSTM1. Corneal stromal cells and endothelial cells from MCD and FECD samples, respectively, showed similarly increased levels of these markers. All corneal diseases showed the presence of oxidative stress and activation of the molecular chaperone response to sustain protein homeostasis. However, the accumulation of protein aggregates suggests insufficient function of the protective mechanisms to limit the oxidative damage and removal of protein aggregates via autophagy. These results suggest that oxidative stress has a role in KC, MCD, and FECD at the cellular level as a secondary outcome. Thus, antioxidant- and autophagy-targeted therapies could be included as supporting care when treating KC or corneal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Vottonen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ali Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adam Wylegala
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Ophthalmology Department, Railway Hospital, 40-760 Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Edward Wylegala
- Ophthalmology Department, Railway Hospital, 40-760 Katowice, Poland
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, II School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-760 Katowice, Poland
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5
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Felszeghy S, Liukkonen M, Tornero CS, Auvinen OM, Hämäläinen K, Banafa A, Kurki P. Influence of background music on stress reduction and impact on performances during students' simulation exercises. J Dent Educ 2023. [PMID: 37158644 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acquisition of manual skills is essential in preclinical dental training. Background music improves the learning of many manual skills, though we found no data on the consequences of background music on preclinical manual skills training of dental students. OBJECTIVE The first aim of this project was to explore whether listening to slow background music could reduce the stress of students when learning how to perform cavity preparations and restorations in a simulation laboratory. The second aim of this study was to determine the impact of slow background music on the quality and time used during cavity preparation. METHOD We invited all of the 40 third-year dental students to participate in the study, of whom 88% chose to anonymously fill in questionnaires on their subjective evaluations of the effects of slow background music on the stress or anxiety levels experienced during the course. Twenty-four students further volunteered to participate in a cross-over study on the impact of slow background music on the quality of and time used during cavity preparation. RESULTS The overall satisfaction with the slow background music was high. In particular, the music reduced stress but also increased motivation to learn and practice. Communication in the classroom went well despite the music. Time use and quality of cavity preparation were enhanced. CONCLUSION This study lends support to the use of slow background music in preclinical cariology training, as it appeared to have helpful effects on dental skills education and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Liukkonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carlos Soler Tornero
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli M Auvinen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kalle Hämäläinen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aisha Banafa
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Kurki
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Koskela A, Ruuth J, Felszeghy S, Kaarniranta K. p38/MAPK is required for protein aggregate formation and removal by autophagy upon proteasome dysfunction. Acta Ophthalmol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2022.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Johanna Ruuth
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | | | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
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Kaarniranta K, Uusitalo H, Blasiak J, Felszeghy S, Kannan R, Kauppinen A, Salminen A, Sinha D, Ferrington D. Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and their impact on age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 79:100858. [PMID: 32298788 PMCID: PMC7650008 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is considered to be a key factor in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathology. RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and cellular organelles, including mitochondria. The ubiquitin-proteasome and the lysosomal/autophagy pathways are the two major proteolytic systems to remove damaged proteins and organelles. There is increasing evidence that proteostasis is disturbed in RPE as evidenced by lysosomal lipofuscin and extracellular drusen accumulation in AMD. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NFE2L2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) are master transcription factors in the regulation of antioxidant enzymes, clearance systems, and biogenesis of mitochondria. The precise cause of RPE degeneration and the onset and progression of AMD are not fully understood. However, mitochondria dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage are observed together with increased protein aggregation and inflammation in AMD. In contrast, functional mitochondria prevent RPE cells damage and suppress inflammation. Here, we will discuss the role of mitochondria in RPE degeneration and AMD pathology focused on mtDNA damage and repair, autophagy/mitophagy signaling, and regulation of inflammation. Mitochondria are putative therapeutic targets to prevent or treat AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hannu Uusitalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland and Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ram Kannan
- The Stephen J. Ryan Initiative for Macular Research (RIMR), Doheny Eye Institute, 1355 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, PA 15224, USA; Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room M035 Robert and Clarice Smith Bldg, 400 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Deborah Ferrington
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, 2001 6th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Amadio M, D’Angelo I, Govoni S, Felszeghy S, Kaarniranta K. The HuR/ELAVL1 expression is altered in Nrf2‐deficient contexts. Acta Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene D’Angelo
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
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Felszeghy S, Ruuth J, Viiri J, Hyttinen J, Koskela A, Kaarniranta K. NRF‐2 and PGC‐1α signaling regulate epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in mouse model. Acta Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna Ruuth
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Johanna Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Juha Hyttinen
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Ali Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology Kuopio University Hospital University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
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Felszeghy S. Beyond our vision: Ultrastructural lesson from the analysis of PGC1‐α/Nrf‐2 compound null mutant mice retina. Acta Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Felszeghy S, Gilbert G, Koskela A, Nieminen P, Sironen R, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Sointu E, Morton D, Mahonen A. As you sow, so shall you reap: Is there a “golden standard” to teach histology? MedEdPublish 2019. [DOI: 10.15694/mep.2019.000232.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended.
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Hyttinen JMT, Kannan R, Felszeghy S, Niittykoski M, Salminen A, Kaarniranta K. The Regulation of NFE2L2 (NRF2) Signalling and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225800. [PMID: 31752195 PMCID: PMC6888570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a mounting cause of loss of sight in the elderly in the developed countries, a trend enhanced by the continual ageing of the population. AMD is a multifactorial and only partly understood, malady. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for most AMD patients. It is known that oxidative stress (OS) damages the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and contributes to the progression of AMD. We review here the potential importance of two OS-related cellular systems in relation to AMD. First, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2; NRF2)-mediated OS response signalling pathway is important in the prevention of oxidative damage and a failure of this system could be critical in the development of AMD. Second, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a change in the cellular phenotype, which ultimately leads to the fibrosis encountered in RPE, a characteristic of AMD. Many of the pathways triggering EMT are promoted by OS. The possible interconnections between these two signalling routes are discussed here. From a broader perspective, the control of NFE2L2 and EMT as ways of preventing OS-derived cellular damage could be potentially valuable in the therapy of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha M. T. Hyttinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ram Kannan
- The Stephen J. Ryan Initiative for Macular Research (RIMR), Doheny Eye Institute, DVRC 203, 1355 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna Niittykoski
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS Kuopio, Finland
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Felszeghy S, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Koskela A, Nieminen P, Härkönen K, Paldanius KMA, Gabbouj S, Ketola K, Hiltunen M, Lundin M, Haapaniemi T, Sointu E, Bauman EB, Gilbert GE, Morton D, Mahonen A. Using online game-based platforms to improve student performance and engagement in histology teaching. BMC Med Educ 2019; 19:273. [PMID: 31331319 PMCID: PMC6647160 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-019-1701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human morphology is a critical component of dental and medical graduate training. Innovations in basic science teaching methods are needed to keep up with an ever-changing landscape of technology. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether students in a medical and dental histology course would have better grades if they used gaming software Kahoot® and whether gamification effects on learning and enjoyment. METHODS In an effort to both evoke students' interest and expand their skill retention, an online competition using Kahoot® was implemented for first-year students in 2018 (n = 215) at the University of Eastern Finland. Additionally, closed (160/215) or open-ended (41/215) feedback questions were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The Kahoot® gamification program was successful and resulted in learning gains. The overall participant satisfaction using Kahoot® was high, with students (124/160) indicating that gamification increased their motivation to learn. The gaming approach seemed to enable the students to overcome individual difficulties (139/160) and to set up collaboration (107/160); furthermore, gamification promoted interest (109/160), and the respondents found the immediate feedback from senior professionals to be positive (146/160). In the open-ended survey, the students (23/41) viewed collaborative team- and gamification-based learning positively. CONCLUSION This study lends support to the use of gamification in the teaching of histology and may provide a foundation for designing a gamification-integrated curriculum across healthcare disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ali Koskela
- Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petteri Nieminen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Härkönen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa M. A. Paldanius
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Gabbouj
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Ketola
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Tommi Haapaniemi
- Student and Learning Services, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Erkko Sointu
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Philosophical Faculty, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | | | | | - David Morton
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Anitta Mahonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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14
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Felszeghy S, Viiri J, Paterno JJ, Hyttinen JMT, Koskela A, Chen M, Leinonen H, Tanila H, Kivinen N, Koistinen A, Toropainen E, Amadio M, Smedowski A, Reinisalo M, Winiarczyk M, Mackiewicz J, Mutikainen M, Ruotsalainen AK, Kettunen M, Jokivarsi K, Sinha D, Kinnunen K, Petrovski G, Blasiak J, Bjørkøy G, Koskelainen A, Skottman H, Urtti A, Salminen A, Kannan R, Ferrington DA, Xu H, Levonen AL, Tavi P, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K. Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration. Redox Biol 2018; 20:1-12. [PMID: 30253279 PMCID: PMC6156745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, DNA and lipids and evoke tissue deterioration during the aging process. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosomal/autophagosomal pathway are the two major proteolytic systems in eukaryotic cells. NRF-2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha) are master transcription factors in the regulation of cellular detoxification. We investigated the role of NRF-2 and PGC-1α in the regulation of RPE cell structure and function by using global double knockout (dKO) mice. The NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mice exhibited significant age-dependent RPE degeneration, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker, 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal), the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, levels of protein ubiquitination and autophagy markers p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), Beclin-1 and LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) were significantly increased together with the Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) mononuclear phagocyte marker and an enlargement of RPE size. These histopathological changes of RPE were accompanied by photoreceptor dysmorphology and vision loss as revealed by electroretinography. Consequently, these novel findings suggest that the NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse is a valuable model for investigating the role of proteasomal and autophagy clearance in the RPE and in the development of dry AMD. NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse model shows a dry AMD-like phenotype. Loss of NRF-2/PGC-1α genes increased oxidative and ER stress in RPE cells. High oxidative stress was associated with impaired autophagy and proteasomal clearance. The pathology becomes manifest as an age-related loss of photoreceptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi J Paterno
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha M T Hyttinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ali Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mei Chen
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Henri Leinonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niko Kivinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Koistinen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elisa Toropainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adrian Smedowski
- Chair and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mika Reinisalo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mateusz Winiarczyk
- Department of Epizootiology, University of Life Sciences of Lublin, Poland; Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kettunen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kimmo Jokivarsi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Debasish Sinha
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kati Kinnunen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Centre of Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Geir Bjørkøy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Norwegian University of Science and Technology and Department of Technology; University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ari Koskelainen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ram Kannan
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Ferrington
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Heping Xu
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Anna-Liisa Levonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
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15
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Felszeghy S, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Koskela A, Mahonen A. Student-focused virtual histology education: Do new scenarios and digital technology matter? MedEdPublish (2016) 2017; 6:154. [PMID: 38406405 PMCID: PMC10885289 DOI: 10.15694/mep.2017.000154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Innovative changes have become a critical part of teaching when resources are limited. In this study, we examined whether the student-oriented teaching method, when powered by virtual microscopy, improves histology learning compared to traditional microscope-based studies. Anonymous and voluntary post-course surveys were administered to students and essays were processed for content analysis. Google Analytics was used to obtain accurate Internet usage monitoring for WEBMICROSCOPE®. Using SPSS statistics, the examination scores for 2016 were compared to those of previous year, when the course was taught with a traditional-microscope-based model. The results demonstrated that the new teaching scenario was an effective tool, based on the mean examination scores in 2016 compared to the identical groups in 2015. The survey analysis showed that the students benefited more from using WEBMICROSCOPE® and that they frequently gained access to the Web server when they were not in class. The new scenario helped clarify the concept of histology for most of the students and was generally appreciated during teamwork-based histology classes. Students perceived that the use of the digital technology significantly influenced their confidence in learning the fundamentals of histology. In addition, changing to the new teaching scenario powered by WEBMICROSCOPE® improved the students' motivation to participate in discussions and better understand the concept of Histology between the 2015 and 2016 academic years. Finally, these changes all had a positive impact on the students' attention and satisfaction.
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16
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Felszeghy S, Viiri J, Kettunen M, Kositinen A, Kai K. Critical points in scientific retinal imaging. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry/Biomedicine; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - J. Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Kettunen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - A. Kositinen
- SIB laboratory; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - K. Kai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine- Department of Ophthalmology- Kuopio University Hospital; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
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17
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Kivinen N, Viiri J, Koskela A, Kettunen M, Koistinen A, Winiarczyk M, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K, Felszeghy S. Nrf-2 and PGC1-alpha deletion affects ultrastructural changes in retinal pigmented epithelium associated with the changes of oxidative stress and autophagy markers expression pattern in compound null mice. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.0t003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kivinen
- Clinical Medicine / Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology; Central Finland Central Hospital; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - J. Viiri
- Clinical Medicine / Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - A. Koskela
- Clinical Medicine / Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Kettunen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - A. Koistinen
- SIB Labs; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Winiarczyk
- Clinical Medicine / Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
| | - A. Kauppinen
- Schoool of Pharmacy; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - K. Kaarniranta
- Clinical Medicine / Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
| | - S. Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
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18
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Kivinen N, Viiri J, Koskela A, Kettunen M, Koistinen A, Winiarczyk M, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K, Felszeghy S. Nrf-2 and PGC1-alpha deletion affects ultrastructural changes in retinal pigmented epithelium associated with the changes of oxidative stress and autophagy markers expression pattern in compound null mice. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.0t002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kivinen
- Department of Ophthalmology; Central Finland's Central Hospital; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - J. Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - A. Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Kettunen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | | | - M. Winiarczyk
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
| | - A. Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - K. Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology; Kuopio University Hospital; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - S. Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry/Biomedicine; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
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19
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Felszeghy S, Viiri J, Koskela A, Paterno J, Kettunen M, Jokivarsi K, Kaarniranta K. Loss of Nrf-2 and PGC1-alpha genes changes macromorphology of the eye and evokes microstructural and pigmentation pattern changes of the retinal pigmented epithelium. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Felszeghy
- Institute of Dentistry/Biomedicine; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - J. Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - A. Koskela
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - J. Paterno
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Kettunen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - K. Jokivarsi
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
| | - K. Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology; Kuopio University Hospital; University of Kuopio; Kuopio Finland
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20
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Joós G, Jákim J, Kiss B, Szamosi R, Papp T, Felszeghy S, Sághy T, Nagy G, Szondy Z. Involvement of adenosine A3 receptors in the chemotactic navigation of macrophages towards apoptotic cells. Immunol Lett 2017; 183:62-72. [PMID: 28188820 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The first step in the clearance of apoptotic cells is chemotactic migration of macrophages towards the apoptotic cells guided by find-me signals provided by the dying cells. Upon sensing the chemotactic signals, macrophages release ATP. ATP is then degraded to ADP, AMP and adenosine to trigger purinergic receptors concentrated at the leading edge of the cell. Previous studies have shown that in addition to the chemotactic signals, this purinergic autocrine signaling is required to amplify and translate chemotactic signals into directional motility. In the present study the involvement of adenosine A3 receptors (A3R) was studied in the chemotactic migration of macrophages directed by apoptotic thymocyte-derived find-me signals. By taking video images in vitro, we demonstrate 1, by administering apyrase, which degrades ATP and ADP, that the purinergic autocrine signaling is required for maintaining both the velocity and the directionality of macrophage migration towards the apoptotic thymocytes; 2, by readding 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, an adenosine analogue, to apyrase treated cells that the adenosine receptor signaling alone is sufficient to act so; and 3, by studying migration of various adenosine receptor null or adenosine receptor antagonist-treated macrophages, that the individual loss of the A3R signaling leads to the loss of chemotactic navigation. Though loss of A3Rs does not affect the phagocytotic capacity of macrophages, intraperitoneally-injected apoptotic thymocytes were cleared with a delayed kinetics by A3R null macrophages in vivo due to the impaired chemotactic navigation. All together these data demonstrate the involvement of macrophage A3Rs in the proper chemotactic navigation and consequent in vivo clearance of apoptotic cells. Interestingly, loss of A3Rs did not affect the in vivo clearance of apoptotic thymocytes in the dexamethasone-treated thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Joós
- Dental Biochemistry Section, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Hungary
| | - Judit Jákim
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hungary
| | - Beáta Kiss
- Dental Biochemistry Section, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Hungary
| | - Regina Szamosi
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hungary
| | - Tamás Papp
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Sághy
- Dental Biochemistry Section, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nagy
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Szondy
- Dental Biochemistry Section, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Hungary.
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Kivinen N, Felszeghy S, Kinnunen AI, Setälä N, Aikio M, Kinnunen K, Sironen R, Pihlajaniemi T, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K. Absence of collagen XVIII in mice causes age-related insufficiency in retinal pigment epithelium proteostasis. Biogerontology 2016; 17:749-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-016-9647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Papp T, Polyak A, Papp K, Meszar Z, Zakany R, Meszar-Katona E, Tünde PT, Ham CH, Felszeghy S. Modification of tooth development by heat shock protein 60. Int J Oral Sci 2016; 8:24-31. [PMID: 27025262 PMCID: PMC4822183 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2015.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several heat shock proteins have been investigated in relation to tooth development, no available information is available about the spatial and temporal expression pattern of heat shock protein 60 (Hsp 60). To characterize Hsp 60 expression in the structures of the developing tooth germ, we used Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Hsp 60 was present in high amounts in the inner and outer enamel epithelia, enamel knot (EK) and stratum intermedium (SI). Hsp 60 also appeared in odontoblasts beginning in the bell stage. To obtain data on the possible effect of Hsp 60 on isolated lower incisors from mice, we performed in vitro culturing. To investigate the effect of exogenous Hsp 60 on the cell cycle during culturing, we used the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation test on dental cells. Exogenously administered Hsp 60 caused bluntness at the apical part of the 16.5-day-old tooth germs, but it did not influence the proliferation rate of dental cells. We identified the expression of Hsp 60 in the developing tooth germ, which was present in high concentrations in the inner and outer enamel epithelia, EK, SI and odontoblasts. High concentration of exogenous Hsp 60 can cause abnormal morphology of the tooth germ, but it did not influence the proliferation rate of the dental cells. Our results suggest that increased levels of Hsp 60 may cause abnormalities in the morphological development of the tooth germ and support the data on the significance of Hsp during the developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Papp
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Angela Polyak
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Papp
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Meszar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Roza Zakany
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eva Meszar-Katona
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Palne Terdik Tünde
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Chang Hwa Ham
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Scoliosis Research Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work is to investigate the possible role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) during the development of mouse tooth germ. TLR4 is well known to inhibit mineralization and cause inflammation in mature odontoblasts and dental pulp cells. However, unlike these pathological functions of TLR4, little is known about the developmental function(s) of TLR4 during tooth development. MATERIALS AND METHODS TLR4 expression was studied via Western blot in developing lower mouse incisors from E13.5 to E18.5. To generate functional data about the effects of TLR4, a specific agonist (LPS) was applied to the medium of in vitro tooth germ cultures, followed by Western blot, histochemical staining, ELISA assay, in situ hybridization and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Increased accumulation of biotin-labelled LPS was detected in the enamel organ and in preodontoblasts. LPS treatment induced degradation of the inhibitor molecule (IκB) of the NF-κB signalling pathway. However, no morphological alterations were detected in cultured tissue after LPS addition at the applied dosage. Activation of TLR4 inhibited the mineralization of enamel and dentin, as demonstrated by alizarin red staining and as decreased levels of collagen type X. mRNA expression of ameloblastin was elevated after LPS administration. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that TLR4 may decrease the mineralization of hard tissues of the tooth germ and may trigger the maturation of ameloblasts; it can give valuable information to understand better congenital tooth abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Papp
- a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Krisztina Hollo
- a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Eva Meszar-Katona
- a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Zoltan Nagy
- a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Angela Polyak
- a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Edit Miko
- b Department of Medical Chemistry , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
- c MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism Research Group , Debrecen , Hungary
- d Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Peter Bai
- b Department of Medical Chemistry , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
- c MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism Research Group , Debrecen , Hungary
- d Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
- e Department of Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
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Kivinen N, Felszeghy S, Aikio M, Pihjalaniemi T, Kaarniranta K. Lack of collagen XVIII in mice evokes age-dependent deficiency in retinal pigment epithelium proteostasis. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kivinen
- Clinical Medicine/Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - S. Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy- Histology and Embryology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - M. Aikio
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - T. Pihjalaniemi
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - K. Kaarniranta
- Clinical Medicine/Ophthalmology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
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25
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Kaarniranta K, Szalai E, Smedowski A, Hegyi Z, Kivinen N, Viiri J, Wowra B, Dobrowolski D, Módis L, Berta A, Wylegala E, Felszeghy S. A novel proteotoxic stress associated mechanism for macular corneal dystrophy. Histol Histopathol 2015; 30:921-30. [PMID: 25597745 DOI: 10.14670/hh-11-588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Macular corneal dystrophy is a rare autosomal recessive eye disease affecting primarily the corneal stroma. Abnormal accumulation of proteoglycan aggregates has been observed intra- and extracellularly in the stromal layer. In addition to the stromal keratocytes and corneal lamellae, deposits are also present in the basal epithelial cells, endothelial cells and Descemet's membrane. Misfolding of proteins has a tendency to gather into aggregating deposits. We studied interaction of molecular chaperones and proteasomal clearance in macular dystrophy human samples and in human corneal HCE-2 epithelial cells. Seven cases of macular corneal dystrophy and four normal corneal buttons collected during corneal transplantation were examined for their expression patterns of heat shock protein 70, ubiquitin protein conjugates and SQSTM1/p62. In response to proteasome inhibition the same proteins were analyzed by western blotting. Slit-lamp examination, in vivo confocal cornea microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for morphological analyses. Heat shock protein 70, ubiquitin protein conjugates and SQSTM1/p62 were upregulated in both the basal corneal epithelial cells and the stromal keratocytes in macular corneal dystrophy samples that coincided with an increased expression of the same molecules under proteasome inhibition in the HCE-2 cells in vitro. We propose a novel regulatory mechanism that connects the molecular chaperone and proteasomal clearance system in the pathogenesis of macular corneal dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Eszter Szalai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, Medical Faculty, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrian Smedowski
- Ophthalmologic Clinic, District Railway Hospital, and Department of Physiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zoltán Hegyi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical Faculty, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Niko Kivinen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Viiri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Bogumil Wowra
- Ophthalmology Clinic, District Railway Hospital, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - László Módis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, Medical Faculty, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Berta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, Medical Faculty, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Edward Wylegala
- Ophthalmology Clinic, District Railway Hospital, Katowice, Poland
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical Faculty, Debrecen, Hungary
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26
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Miszti-Blasius K, Felszeghy S, Kiss C, Benkő I, Géresi K, Megyeri A, Hevessy Z, Kappelmayer J. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 deficiency augments G-CSF induced myeloid cell mobilization. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2013; 387:109-18. [PMID: 24091681 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was investigated in P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) deficient (PSGL-1(-/-)) and wild-type (PSGL-1(+/+)) mice to establish the role of this mucin in myeloid cell mobilization. G-CSF activates tissue proteases that cleave adhesion molecules, thus enhances the mobilization of myeloid cells and haematopoietic stem cells. Cytopenia was induced with a single dose of cyclophosphamide. In PSGL-1(-/-) animals, we observed a delayed extravasation of mature myeloid cells from the peripheral vessels into the tissue compartments and their faster mobilization from the bone marrow. Subsequently, animals received G-CSF twice a day for 4 days. Neutrophil and monocyte counts increased upon completion of G-CSF treatment and both values were significantly higher in PSGL-1(-/-) mice; 47.7 versus 28.3 G/l for neutrophils and 4.1 versus 2.0 G/l for monocytes. The ratio of atypical myeloid cells was also elevated. Analyzing the causes of the above differences, we identified a 4-fold increase in the colony-forming unit (CFU-GM) counts of the peripheral blood in PSGL-1(-/-) mice, compared to wild-type animals. A significantly elevated number of CFU-GM was detected also in the femurs of PSGL-1(-/-) mice, 4 and 5 days after cyclophosphamide treatment and these values paralleled with the elevation of CD34+/CD117+ stem cell counts in the peripheral blood. Our data suggest, that in the absence of PSGL-1, G-CSF was more potent in elevating absolute myeloid cell numbers by acting on cell release from the bone marrow, maturation from circulating precursor cells in the peripheral blood and prolonged retainment in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornél Miszti-Blasius
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
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27
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Albert R, Vásárhelyi G, Bodó G, Kenyeres A, Wolf E, Papp T, Terdik T, Módis L, Felszeghy S. A computer-assisted microscopic analysis of bone tissue developed inside a polyactive polymer implanted into an equine articular surface. Histol Histopathol 2012; 27:1203-9. [PMID: 22806907 DOI: 10.14670/hh-27.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One of the most promising applications for the restoration of small or moderately sized focal articular lesions is mosaicplasty (MP). Although recurrent hemarthrosis is a rare complication after MP, recently, various strategies have been designed to find an effective filling material to prevent postoperative bleeding from the donor site. The porous biodegradable polymer Polyactive (PA; a polyethylene glycol terephthalate - polybutylene terephthalate copolymer) represents a promising solution in this respect. A histological evaluation of the longterm PA-filled donor sites obtained from 10 experimental horses was performed. In this study, attention was primarily focused on the bone tissue developed in the plug. A computer-assisted image analysis and quantitative polarized light microscopic measurements of decalcified, longitudinally sectioned, dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB)- and picrosirius red (PS) stained sections revealed that the coverage area of the bone trabecules in the PA-filled donor tunnels was substantially (25%) enlarged compared to the neighboring cancellous bone. For this quantification, identical ROIs (regions of interest) were used and compared. The birefringence retardation values were also measured with a polarized light microscope using monochromatic light. Identical retardation values could be recorded from the bone trabeculae developed in the PA and in the neighboring bone, which indicates that the collagen orientation pattern does not differ significantly among these bone trabecules. Based on our new data, we speculate that PA promotes bone formation, and some of the currently identified degradation products of PA may enhance osteo-conduction and osteoinduction inside the donor canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Albert
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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28
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Szalai E, Felszeghy S, Hegyi Z, Módis L, Berta A, Kaarniranta K. Fibrillin-2, tenascin-C, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 are strongly expressed in the epithelium of human granular and lattice type I corneal dystrophies. Mol Vis 2012; 18:1927-36. [PMID: 22876117 PMCID: PMC3413442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the extracellular matrix proteins involved in the formation of human granular and lattice type I corneal stromal dystrophies, the expression patterns of fibrillin-2, tenascin-C, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 were compared in human corneal stromal dystrophy samples. METHODS Ten cases of granular dystrophy, 7 cases of lattice dystrophy, and 6 normal corneal buttons collected during corneal transplantation were examined for their expression patterns of fibrillin-2, tenascin-C, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Highly elevated fibrillin-2, tenascin-C, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 were observed in the epithelial layer of both granular and lattice type I dystrophies. Fibrillin-2, tenascin-C, and matrilin-4 in the granular dystrophy and all antibodies in the lattice dystrophy showed statistically significant staining in the corneal stroma (p<0.05). Interestingly, fibrillin-2, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 stained significantly in amyloid plaques of lattice type 1 dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS Fibrillin-2, tenascin-C, matrilin-2, and matrilin-4 may be markers of the pathogenesis of either granular or lattice type I corneal dystrophy, as revealed by immunohistochemical analysis. Each molecule seems to be involved in the regeneration and reorganization of the corneal matrix in granular and lattice type I dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szalai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hegyi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Módis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Berta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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29
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Munne PM, Felszeghy S, Jussila M, Suomalainen M, Thesleff I, Jernvall J. Splitting placodes: effects of bone morphogenetic protein and Activin on the patterning and identity of mouse incisors. Evol Dev 2010; 12:383-92. [PMID: 20618434 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-142x.2010.00425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The single large rodent incisor in each jaw quadrant is evolutionarily derived from a mammalian ancestor with many small incisors. The embryonic placode giving rise to the mouse incisor is considerably larger than the molar placode, and the question remains whether this large incisor placode is a developmental requisite to make a thick incisor. Here we used in vitro culture system to experiment with the molecular mechanism regulating tooth placode development and how mice have thick incisors. We found that large placodes are prone to disintegration and formation of two to three small incisor placodes. The balance between one large or multiple small placodes was altered through the regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Activin signaling. Exogenous Noggin, which inhibits BMP signaling, or exogenous Activin cause the development of two to three incisors. These incisors were more slender than normal incisors. Additionally, two inhibitor molecules, Sostdc1 and Follistatin, which regulate the effects of BMPs and Activin and have opposite expression patterns, are likely to be involved in the incisor placode regulation in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of BMPs by recombinant Noggin has been previously suggested to cause a change in the tooth identity from the incisor to the molar. This evidence has been used to support a homeobox code in determining tooth identity. Our work provides an alternative interpretation, where the inhibition of BMP signaling can lead to splitting of the large incisor placode and the formation of partly separate incisors, thereby acquiring molar-like morphology without a change in tooth identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauliina M Munne
- Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
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30
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Felszeghy S, Suomalainen M, Thesleff I. Notch signalling is required for the survival of epithelial stem cells in the continuously growing mouse incisor. Differentiation 2010; 80:241-8. [PMID: 20692087 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Notch pathway regulates the renewal and fate decisions of stem cells in multiple tissues. Notch1, -2, as well as the Notch target gene Hes1 are expressed in the putative stem cells in the continuously growing mouse incisors, but so far there has not been any evidence for a function of the Notch pathway in the regulation of the incisor stem cells. We have analysed the effects of the Notch pathway inhibitor DAPT on the maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of the epithelial stem cells in explant cultures of the mouse incisor. The proximal part of the incisor containing the cervical loop stem cell niche was dissected from newborn mice and cultured for 2-6 days in vitro. DAPT inhibited the expression of Notch target gene Hes1 in the cervical loop indicating that Notch signalling was inhibited in the putative stem cells. The most striking effect of DAPT was a significant reduction in the size of the cervical loop. DAPT caused a marked but partially reversible decrease in cell proliferation, as well as massive apoptosis in the epithelial stem cell niche. Interestingly, restricted apoptosis was detected within the Notch expressing putative stem cells also in the control cultures as well as in incisors in vivo, suggesting that apoptosis may be a mechanism regulating the size of the epithelial stem cell pool in the incisor. The differentiation of the epithelial cells into enamel-forming ameloblasts was not affected by DAPT but the number of preameloblasts was progressively decreased during culture period reflecting the depletion of stem and progenitor cells. Our results indicate that Notch signalling is required for epithelial stem cell survival and enamel formation in the continuously growing mouse incisor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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31
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Nemeth G, Felszeghy S, Kenyeres A, Szentmary N, Berta A, Suveges I, Modis L. Cell adhesion molecules in stromal corneal dystrophies. Histol Histopathol 2008; 23:945-52. [PMID: 18498069 DOI: 10.14670/hh-23.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern of different cell adhesion molecules in corneal stromal dystrophies. Fifteen corneal buttons from patients diagnosed with three different types of stromal corneal dystrophies and healthy corneas were investigated. Paraffin embedded sections were stained immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies against human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial selectin (E-selectin) and endothelial cadherin (E-cadherin) using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex technique. The sections were compared to normal eye bank controls. In corneas from granular dystrophy patients ICAM-1 was expressed focally in epithelial cells and in keratocytes, and expressed diffusely in endothelial cells. In corneas from macular dystrophy patients diffuse epithelial staining was observed and the stromal and endothelial expression was found to be similar to that of granular dystrophy. In lattice dystrophy, only the epithelial cells and endothelium were intensively positive for ICAM-1. E-selectin was not present on any layer of the corneal specimens. E-cadherin was observed only in the epithelium of all three types of corneal dystrophies. Normal corneas did not express any of the investigated adhesion molecules. We found different expression patterns of adhesion molecules in corneas from stromal dystrophies. Our results suggest that adhesion molecules may be involved in the pathogenesis of corneal stromal dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Nemeth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Wang XP, Suomalainen M, Felszeghy S, Zelarayan LC, Alonso MT, Plikus MV, Maas RL, Chuong CM, Schimmang T, Thesleff I. An integrated gene regulatory network controls stem cell proliferation in teeth. PLoS Biol 2008; 5:e159. [PMID: 17564495 PMCID: PMC1885832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0050159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial stem cells reside in specific niches that regulate their self-renewal and differentiation, and are responsible for the continuous regeneration of tissues such as hair, skin, and gut. Although the regenerative potential of mammalian teeth is limited, mouse incisors grow continuously throughout life and contain stem cells at their proximal ends in the cervical loops. In the labial cervical loop, the epithelial stem cells proliferate and migrate along the labial surface, differentiating into enamel-forming ameloblasts. In contrast, the lingual cervical loop contains fewer proliferating stem cells, and the lingual incisor surface lacks ameloblasts and enamel. Here we have used a combination of mouse mutant analyses, organ culture experiments, and expression studies to identify the key signaling molecules that regulate stem cell proliferation in the rodent incisor stem cell niche, and to elucidate their role in the generation of the intrinsic asymmetry of the incisors. We show that epithelial stem cell proliferation in the cervical loops is controlled by an integrated gene regulatory network consisting of Activin, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and Follistatin within the incisor stem cell niche. Mesenchymal FGF3 stimulates epithelial stem cell proliferation, and BMP4 represses Fgf3 expression. In turn, Activin, which is strongly expressed in labial mesenchyme, inhibits the repressive effect of BMP4 and restricts Fgf3 expression to labial dental mesenchyme, resulting in increased stem cell proliferation and a large, labial stem cell niche. Follistatin limits the number of lingual stem cells, further contributing to the characteristic asymmetry of mouse incisors, and on the basis of our findings, we suggest a model in which Follistatin antagonizes the activity of Activin. These results show how the spatially restricted and balanced effects of specific components of a signaling network can regulate stem cell proliferation in the niche and account for asymmetric organogenesis. Subtle variations in this or related regulatory networks may explain the different regenerative capacities of various organs and animal species. Stem cells reside in specific niches that regulate their self-renewal and differentiation, and are responsible for the continuous regeneration of tissues. Although the regenerative potential of mammalian teeth is limited, mouse incisors grow continuously throughout life and contain stem cells at their proximal ends in the so-called cervical loops. We have used a combination of mouse mutant analyses, organ culture experiments, and gene expression studies to identify the key signaling molecules that regulate epithelial stem cell proliferation in the cervical loop stem cell niche. We show that signals from the adjacent mesenchymal tissue regulate epithelial stem cells and form a complex regulatory network with epithelial signals. Stem cell proliferation is stimulated by fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3), and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) represses Fgf3 expression. In turn, Activin inhibits the repressive effect of BMP4 and Follistatin antagonizes the activity of Activin. We also show that spatial differences in the levels of Activin and Follistatin expression contribute to the characteristic asymmetry of rodent incisors, which are covered by enamel only on their labial (front) side. We suggest that subtle variations in this or related regulatory networks may explain the different regenerative capacities and asymmetric development of various organs and animal species. A network comprising Activin, BMP, FGF, and Follistatin regulate incisor stem cell proliferation in the niche and account for asymmetric organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ping Wang
- Developmental Biology Programme, Institute of Biotechnology, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marika Suomalainen
- Developmental Biology Programme, Institute of Biotechnology, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Developmental Biology Programme, Institute of Biotechnology, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura C Zelarayan
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria T Alonso
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Biology and Molecular Genetics, Superior Research Council and University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maksim V Plikus
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Richard L Maas
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Schimmang
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Biology and Molecular Genetics, Superior Research Council and University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Irma Thesleff
- Developmental Biology Programme, Institute of Biotechnology, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Finland
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Mészár Z, Felszeghy S, Veress G, Matesz K, Székely G, Módis L. Hyaluronan accumulates around differentiating neurons in spinal cord of chicken embryos. Brain Res Bull 2007; 75:414-8. [PMID: 18331908 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
One major component of the extracellular matrix is hyaluronan (HA) which is thought to play a crucial role in the development of different organs including the central nervous system (CNS). HA is bound by specific receptors, CD44 and RHAMM, depending on cell types of CNS. However, data are lacking on the relation of HA to different cell populations in developing CNS. To provide new data about the co-localization of HA with the various cellular structures of the developing spinal cord, we studied the distribution pattern of hyaluronan in chicken embryos at Hamburger-Hamilton (HH) stages 8-39. A biotinylated HA-binding complex was used in combination with immunohistochemistry for proliferating and differentiating neurons. The intensity of the HA signal was determined by digital densitometry from histological sections. We found three mediolaterally oriented layers in the HA distribution pattern in stage HH23: (1) a moderate HA signal was detected in the ventricular zone; (2) strong HA accumulation was measured around Lim1,2-expressing cells (differentiating neurons) and early MNR2-expressing neurons (early motoneurons), corresponding to the intermediate zone; (3) a strong pericellular HA reaction was found around the neurons of the marginal zone. Interestingly, the peripheral nerves did not show HA signals. These findings suggest a crucial role of HA during neuronal development. We propose that HA may be involved in cell migration and axonal growth in the developing spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Mészár
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Halasi G, Wolf E, Bácskai T, Székely G, Módis L, Szigeti ZM, Mészár Z, Felszeghy S, Matesz C. The effect of vestibular nerve section on the expression of the hyaluronan in the frog, Rana esculenta. Brain Struct Funct 2007; 212:321-34. [PMID: 17912549 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-007-0162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2007] [Accepted: 09/14/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Following postganglionic lesion of the eighth cranial nerve, the changes in the expression of hyaluronan (HA), one of the extracellular matrix macromolecules, were examined in the medial (MVN) and lateral (LVN) vestibular nuclei and in the entry or transitional zone (TZ) of the nerve in the frog. HA was detected in different survival times by using a specific biotinylated hyaluronan-binding probe. HA expression was defined by the area-integrated optical density (AIOD), calculated from pixel intensities of digitally captured images. During the first postoperative days the perineuronal net (PN), a HA-rich area around the neurons, was not distinguishable from the surrounding neuropil in the MVN and LVN, characterized by a bilateral drop of AIOD specifically on the operated side. From postoperative day 14 onwards AIOD increased whilst the PN reorganized. In contrast, the AIOD wobbled up and down bilaterally without any trend in the TZ. Statistical analysis indicated that AIOD changes in the structures studied ran parallel bilaterally presumably because of the operation. Our results demonstrated for the first time that (1) the lesion of the eighth cranial nerve is accompanied by the modification of AIOD reflected HA expression in the MVN, LVN and TZ, (2) different tendencies exist in the time course of AIOD in the structures studied and (3) these tendencies are similar on the intact and operated sides. Our findings may suggest an area dependent molecular mechanism of HA in the restoration of vestibular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Halasi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
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Matesz C, Modis L, Halasi G, Szigeti ZM, Felszeghy S, Bacskai T, Szekely G. Extracellular matrix molecules and their possible roles in the regeneration of frog nervous system. Brain Res Bull 2006; 66:526-31. [PMID: 16144643 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2005] [Revised: 05/31/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent biochemical and histochemical analyses explored different components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the nervous system, and either permissive or non-permissive roles in neuronal development and regeneration were suggested. The aim of this study was to detect the distribution pattern of a few of these molecules in the nervous system of intact frogs and during nerve regeneration. The hyaluronan (HA) and tenascin C reactions were negative in the peripheral nerves, but appeared in their entry zones. In the CNS, different populations of neurons were surrounded with HA and tenascin C-positive material, forming a perineuronal net (PN). The phosphacan reaction was weakly positive in the PNS, and a moderate intensity was detected in the entry zone and in the PN. Laminin and fibronectin immunoreactivity was strong in the PNS, but laminin could not be detected in the CNS. In animals with cut and regenerating vestibulocochlear nerve, the distribution of the ECM molecules in the CNS and PNS characteristically changed from that of the normal pattern. Our results showed a non-homogenous distribution of ECM components in the frog nervous system that could be associated with their different roles in physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Matesz
- Department of Anatomy, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Hungary.
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Klekner A, Felszeghy S, Tammi R, Tammi M, Csécsei G, Módis L. Quantitative determination of hyaluronan content in cerebral aneurysms by digital densitometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 66:207-12. [PMID: 16317603 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-836670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Hyaluronan (HA) is a highly hydrated macromolecule; it is one of the essential components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the arteries and plays an important role in maintaining the biomechanical features of blood vessels. Although the potential contribution of HA in aneurysms of different vessels has been studied intensively, no data are available about the alteration of the HA content in the extracellular matrix of intracranial aneurysms. The aim of the study was to determine the hyaluronan content in the wall of human cerebral arteries. METHODS A biotinylated aggrecan fragment that binds specifically to HA was used to stain samples from cerebral aneurysms (n = 11) to compare the HA content to non-aneurysmal arteries of patients who had intracranial aneurysm (n = 11), and to histologically normal arteries of patients who had expired from non-vascular diseases (n = 14). Digital microscopic densitometry was used for the quantitative analysis of the hyaluronan content in these samples. RESULTS The highest level (169.5 +/- 7.9) was detected in aneurysms, while the HA-level of non-aneurysmal vessels was lower (130.2 +/- 16.8). Both vessel groups contained significantly higher HA than the normal cerebral arteries (32.9 +/- 2.1). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that an elevated hyaluronan level in the extracellular matrix may affect the cerebral arterial wall architecture. It is reasonable to suppose that the increased hyaluronan content creates a viscoelastic ECM which might improve the biomechanical resistance of the thinned vessel wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Klekner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
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Szigeti ZM, Matesz C, Szekely G, Felszeghy S, Bácskai T, Halasi G, Mészár Z, Módis L. Distribution of hyaluronan in the central nervous system of the frog. J Comp Neurol 2006; 496:819-31. [PMID: 16628618 DOI: 10.1002/cne.20960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative distribution pattern of hyaluronan (HA), a component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), was studied in the frog central nervous system by using a highly specific HA probe and digital image analysis. HA reaction was observed in both the white and the gray matter, showing a very intense staining around the perikarya and dendrites in the perineuronal net (PN). In the telencephalon, strong reaction was found in different parts of the olfactory system, in the pallium, and in the amygdala. In the diencephalon, intensive staining was found in the nucleus of Bellonci, the dorsal habenula, the lateral and central thalamic nuclei, and the subependymal zone of the third ventricle. In the mesencephalon, layers of optic tectum displayed different intensities, with the strongest reaction in layers B, D, F, 3, and 5. Other structures of the mesencephalon showed regional differences. The PN was especially intensively stained around the perikarya of the toral nuclei, the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei, and the basal optic nucleus. In the rhombencephalon, the granular layer of cerebellum, the vestibulocochlear nuclei, the superior olive, the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, and parts of the reticular formation showed the most intense reaction in the PN. In the spinal cord, considerable HA staining was found in the white matter and around the perikarya of motoneurons. The present study is the first description of the HA-positive areas of frog brain and spinal cord demonstrating the heterogeneity of HA distribution in the frog central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa M Szigeti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Hungary
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Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Droste DW, Kollár J, Beyna T, Felszeghy S, Módis L, Hegedüs C, Ringelstein EB, Csiba L. Measuring carotid artery stenosis. J Neurol 2005; 252:575-82. [PMID: 15778910 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-005-0703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2004] [Revised: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Five different calliper methods for assessing the degree of carotid artery stenosis and visual estimation ("eyeballing") of postmortem carotid arteriograms were compared with the planimetric gold standard of the area reduction at the site of the stenosis. METHODS During autopsy 53 carotid specimens were removed in toto from 31 neurological patients. Carotid arteries were ligated and redistended to a physiological degree for standardised three-plane arteriography. Afterwards, the entire specimen was filled with an embedding medium under the same conditions and sectioned. Slices at the site of stenoses were histologically processed. Computerised planimetric analysis of the lumen area reduction was performed and compared with the arteriographic findings. Arteriograms were evaluated by two independent observers by means of linear Common Carotid Artery (CC), the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) and the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET), and squared measurements (NASCET2, ECST2) after applying the pi r2 function. Further, three independent observers performed eyeballing of the degree of stenosis from the postmortem arteriographies. RESULTS Planimetry was carried out in 29 internal carotid artery (ICA) and 17 common carotid artery (CCA) stenoses ranging from 8.5 to 100%. The smallest mean differences of the degree of stenosis in % between planimetry and arteriography were -0.5 and 0.6%. The narrowest 95 %-limits of agreement covered a range of +/-24.1 and 26.3% of stenoses, and the highest correlation coefficients were both 0.9 for the CC and ECST2 techniques, respectively. By eyeballing, the degree of stenosis was underestimated by 13.5 to 15.8% on average. The narrowest limits of agreement between two observers for eyeballing covered a range of 35%. CONCLUSION Three-plane arteriography has only a moderate accuracy and reproducibility in detecting and measuring carotid artery stenosis independent of the technique of measurement used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Schulte-Altedorneburg
- Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
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Csépány T, Boczán J, Magyar MT, Molnár S, Csiba L, Décsy J, Tóth J, Felszeghy S, Szakáll S, Szentkereszty Z, Bereczki D. Miller Fisher syndrome. J Neurol 2004; 251:898-900. [PMID: 15258802 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-004-0465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2004] [Revised: 03/03/2004] [Accepted: 03/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Felszeghy S, Módis L, Németh P, Nagy G, Zelles T, Agre P, Laurikkala J, Fejerskov O, Thesleff I, Nielsen S. Expression of aquaporin isoforms during human and mouse tooth development. Arch Oral Biol 2004; 49:247-57. [PMID: 15003543 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2003.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we described the development of hyaluronan (HA) deposition in human tooth germ tissues that are consistent with water transport in different stages of tooth development. The aquaporins (AQP) constitute a family of membrane water channels that are expressed in many organs. However, there are no data available about the expression pattern of aquaporin water channels in dental structures. In the present study we have characterised the expression of six different aquaporin isoforms (AQP1-5, AQP-9) in developing human and mouse tooth germs by immunohistochemistry using isoform specific antibodies. In the "bell stage" AQP1 was expressed in endothelial cells of small vessels whereas no other structures of the tooth primordial were labeled. AQP2, AQP3 and AQP9 immunoreactivity was not observed in tooth germs, whereas strong AQP4 and AQP5 expression was observed in dental lamina, inner enamel epithelium, stratum intermedium, stellate reticulum and the outer enamel epithelium. Oral epithelium also exhibited AQP4 and AQP5 immunolabeling. During development of the matrices of the dental hard tissues AQP4 and AQP5 immunostaining was observed in the odontoblasts and their processes, as well as in the secretory ameloblast and their apical processes. Immunolabeling controls were negative. In conclusion, AQP4 and AQP5 are expressed in tooth germ tissues in early development in cells that previously have been shown to express HA and/or CD44, indicating that AQP water channels may play a role for ECM hydration during tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Droste DW, Felszeghy S, Csiba L, Popa V, Hegedüs K, Kollár J, Módis L, Ringelstein EB. Detection of carotid artery stenosis by in vivo duplex ultrasound: correlation with planimetric measurements of the corresponding postmortem specimens. Stroke 2002; 33:2402-7. [PMID: 12364728 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000030111.34093.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The correct detection and quantification of carotid artery disease are of decisive impact on patient prognosis and adequate treatment. In this study, we evaluated the ability of ultrasonography to detect and to grade carotid artery stenosis through a comparison of the in vivo ultrasound findings with the planimetric analysis of the corresponding postmortem specimens. METHODS Shortly before their death, 59 critically ill neurological patients (mean age, 70 years) were prospectively examined by extracranial and intracranial Doppler sonography and color-coded duplex ultrasound. Carotid stenosis was classified by hemodynamic and morphological ultrasound criteria. Carotid specimens were removed in toto during autopsy. Under standardized conditions, specimens were redistended, sectioned, and histologically processed. Computerized planimetric measurements of the arteries were carried out and compared with the ultrasound findings. Correlation of the ultrasound and postmortem planimetric findings was available in 93 carotid bifurcations. RESULTS Through both techniques, 46 carotid arteries were found to be normal. Steno-occlusive carotid lesions ranged from 8.5% to 100% lumen reduction. Overall, r=0.96 and adjusted R(2)=0.90. For the steno-occlusive carotid lesions, r=0.91. CONCLUSIONS Extracranial and intracranial Doppler and color-coded duplex ultrasound permits reliable detection and quantification of carotid artery stenoses and occlusions even under difficult examination conditions in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Schulte-Altedorneburg
- Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Lapveteläinen T, Hyttinen MM, Säämänen AM, Långsjö T, Sahlman J, Felszeghy S, Vuorio E, Helminen HJ. Lifelong voluntary joint loading increases osteoarthritis in mice housing a deletion mutation in type II procollagen gene, and slightly also in non-transgenic mice. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61:810-7. [PMID: 12176806 PMCID: PMC1754230 DOI: 10.1136/ard.61.9.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of voluntary running on the incidence and severity of osteoarthritis (OA) and associated changes in cartilage matrix and subchondral bone in a transgenic Del1 mouse model for OA. METHODS Del1 mice and their non-transgenic littermate controls were housed from the age of 5-6 weeks to 15 months in individual cages with running wheels. The running activity of each mouse was monitored for the entire 12 month period. Additional Del1 and control mice were housed in individual cages without running wheels. At the end of the experiment the severity of OA was evaluated by light microscopy, and the articular cartilage matrix changes by digital densitometry and quantitative polarised light microscopy. RESULTS Lifelong voluntary running increased the incidence and severity of OA significantly in Del1 mice (transgenic runners), and slightly also in non-transgenic runners. Severe OA changes increased from 39% in transgenic non-runners to 90% in transgenic runners (p=0.006) in lateral tibial condyles, and from 24% to 80% (p=0.013) in lateral femoral condyles, respectively. The proteoglycan content of articular cartilage was reduced in transgenic runners in comparison with transgenic non-runners (p=0.0167), but a similar effect was not seen in non-transgenic runners compared with non-transgenic non-runners. No attributable differences were seen in the collagen network of articular cartilage or in the subchondral bone between any of the groups. CONCLUSION The Del1 mutation has earlier been shown to disturb the assembly of the cartilage collagen network and thereby increase the incidence and severity of OA with age. In this study, voluntary running was shown to increase further cartilage damage in the lateral compartments of the knee. This suggests that articular cartilage in Del1 mice is less resistant to physical loading than in control mice. Despite severe OA lesions in the knee joint at the age of 15 months, Del1 mice continued to run voluntarily 2-3 km every night.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lapveteläinen
- Department of Anatomy, University of Kuopio, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Zákány R, Szucs K, Bakó E, Felszeghy S, Czifra G, Bíró T, Módis L, Gergely P. Protein phosphatase 2A is involved in the regulation of protein kinase A signaling pathway during in vitro chondrogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2002; 275:1-8. [PMID: 11925100 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2002.5487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated the importance of the Ser/Thr protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation for chondrogenesis in high-density chicken limb bud mesenchymal cell cultures (HDCs) by using H89, a cell-permeable protein kinase inhibitor, and okadaic acid (OA), a phosphoprotein phosphatase (PP)-specific inhibitor molecule. When 20 nM OA was applied to the HDCs on Days 2 and 3 of culturing, it significantly inhibited protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), enhanced cartilage formation, and elevated the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Application of 20 microM H89 significantly decreased the activity of PKA and blocked the chondrogenesis in HDCs. Furthermore, OA enhanced cartilage formation and elevated the suppressed activity of PKA even in the H89-pretreated HDCs. cGMP-dependent protein kinase was not detected in HDCs, while protein kinase Cmu (PKCmu), which is also inhibited by nanomolar concentrations of H89, was present throughout the culturing period. Neither OA nor H89 influenced the expression of the catalytic subunit of PKA or the cAMP response element binding protein, CREB. However, a significantly elevated amount of Ser-133-phosphorylated-CREB (P-CREB) was detected following addition of OA, while H89 treatment resulted in a decrease of the amount of P-CREB. Our results demonstrate that PP2A plays a role in the regulation of the PKA signaling pathway and that the phosphorylation level of CREB is influenced by the activity of both enzymes during in vitro chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róza Zákány
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4026, Hungary
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Abstract
The aim was to investigate the expression pattern of the major cell-surface hyaluronan receptor CD44, as there are no existing data on its presence or absence in human dental structures at different developmental stages. Immunohistochemical localization of CD44 was studied using a monoclonal antibody, H3, that specifically recognizes an epitope in the common backbone of all CD44 isoforms. The dental lamina displayed a strong CD44 signal; the external enamel epithelium was negative. In the coronal region of the tooth germ the presecretory ameloblasts showed an intense reaction whereas the less differentiated inner enamel epithelial cells showed no signal at the cervical loop where they meet the external enamel epithelium. In the stellate reticulum a moderate reaction was detected. The secretory ameloblasts and the stratum intermedium showed a strong cell-surface CD44 signal. A strong signal was also observed on the odontoblasts and their processes. In the pulp, close to the odontoblastic layer, weak labelling was seen in the walls of capillary vessels. The distribution of CD44 in the human tooth germ corresponds to that of hyaluronan in most locations, suggesting that during tooth development this transmembrane protein plays an important part in hyaluronan-mediated events.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Droste DW, Felszeghy S, Kellermann M, Popa V, Hegedüs K, Hegedüs C, Schmid M, Módis L, Ringelstein EB, Csiba L. Accuracy of in vivo carotid B-mode ultrasound compared with pathological analysis: intima-media thickening, lumen diameter, and cross-sectional area. Stroke 2001; 32:1520-4. [PMID: 11441195 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.32.7.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the correlation of in vivo ultrasound measurements of intima-media thickening (IMT), lumen diameter, and cross-sectional area of the common carotid artery (CCA) with corresponding measurements obtained by gross pathology and histology. METHODS Sixty-six moribund neurological patients (mean age 71 years) underwent B-mode ultrasound of the CCA a few days before death. During autopsy, carotid specimens were removed in toto. Carotid arteries were ligated and cannulated for injection of a hydrophilic embedding material under standardized conditions. The carotid bifurcation was frozen and cut manually in 3-mm cross slices. Digital image analysis was carried out to determine the diameter and the cross-sectional area of the frozen slices of the CCA. IMT was assessed by light microscope. Ultrasonic and planimetric data were compared. RESULTS Mean measurements of lumen diameter and cross-sectional area were 7.13+/-1.27 mm and 0.496+/-0.167 cm(2), respectively, by ultrasound, and 7.81+/-1.45 mm and 0.516+/-0.194 cm(2), respectively, by planimetric analysis of the unfixed redistended carotid arteries (R(2)=0.389 and 0.497). The mean IMT was 1.005+/-0.267 mm by ultrasound and 0.67+/-0.141 mm histologically, resulting in a mean difference of -31%. CONCLUSIONS Transcutaneous B-mode ultrasound provides a reliable approach for in vivo measurements of the cross-sectional area and, less exactly, of the lumen diameter of the CCA. Compared with histological results, in vivo ultrasound measurements of the IMT are systematically larger.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Schulte-Altedorneburg
- Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Zákány R, Bakó E, Felszeghy S, Holló K, Balázs M, Bárdos H, Gergely P, Módis L. Okadaic acid-induced inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A enhances chondrogenesis in chicken limb bud micromass cell cultures. Anat Embryol (Berl) 2001; 203:23-34. [PMID: 11195086 DOI: 10.1007/s004290000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of major cellular serine/threonine-specific protein phosphatases, protein phosphatase 1 and 2A, was investigated during chicken cartilage differentiation under in vitro conditions. Activity of protein phosphatase 2A decreased parallel to differentiation of chondrogenic cells, whereas activity of protein phosphatase 1 remained unchanged as assayed in the supernatants of the homogenised chicken limb bud micromass cell cultures. When okadaic acid, a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 and 2A was applied in 20 nM concentration for 4 h during the second and third culturing days, it significantly increased the size of metachromatic cartilage areas measured in 6-day-old colonies. Following okadaic acid treatments, a significant inhibition in the activity of protein phosphatase 2A was found, while the activity of protein phosphatase 1 was unaffected as measured an days 2 and 3. TRITC-phalloidin labelling demonstrated that okadaic acid disorganised actin filaments and induced rounding of chondrogenic cells. This deterioration of actin filaments was reversible. Electron microscopy and biochemical analysis of colonies revealed that the ultrastructure and major components of cartilage matrix remained unchanged under the effect of okadaic acid. Okadaic acid-treatment applied to cultures containing predominantly differentiated chondrocytes (after day 4) did not influence the cartilage formation. 3H-thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation-assays demonstrated enhanced cell proliferation in the okadaic acid-treated colonies compared to that of the untreated ones. Our results indicate, for the first time, that protein phosphatase 2A is involved in the regulation of chondrogenesis. Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A with okadaic acid may result in increased chondrogenesis via modulation of proliferation and cytoskeletal organisation, as well as via alteration of protein kinase A-signaling pathway of the chondrogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zákány
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
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Abstract
The expression of hyaluronan in human tooth germs was studied by using a biotinylated hyaluronan-binding complex and quantitative digital image analysis. At the cap stage, dental papilla exhibited a moderate staining, while intense reaction was observed in the apical portion of presecretory ameloblasts, stellate reticulum, and in dental basement membrane. When the enamel and dentine matrices started to develop, a strong hyaluronan reaction was evident in the young enamel and the apical portion of secretory ameloblasts. No hyaluronan could be detected in the secretory ameloblasts and enamel matrix of the early (9-wk-old) post-natal stage. It is concluded that hyaluronan may play a transitory role in the early phase of the development of the enamel matrix organization. A very weak signal was observed in the wall of dentin tubules, whereas the rest of the dentine matrix was not stained. The odontoblasts and the pulp were also moderately stained, and these reactions gradually decreased with age, suggesting that hyaluronan may also contribute to the development of dentine matrix and pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Hungary.
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48
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Abstract
Although type X collagen is one of the key molecules in endochondral ossification, no data are available on whether it is present in dental structures when mineralization is proceeding. We therefore monitored the appearance of type X collagen in tooth germs of human samples ranging in gestational age from 17-week-old fetuses to 9-week-old newborn. Using immunohistochemistry, ELISA techniques, and Western blotting, we show that type X collagen is present in human tooth germ during enamel maturation. Intense immunohistochemical staining for collagen type X was observed in the enamel and in the apical parts of secretory ameloblast at the bell stage when the dentine and enamel matrix were already under formation. The odontoblasts, the dentine, and the pulp were not stained. In the early (9-week) postnatal stage, the staining for collagen type X in the enamel matrix was diminished, and only a very weak signal could be detected in the secretory ameloblasts. A positive reaction for collagen type X was also observed in ELISA assay of extracts obtained from human embryonic enamel and hypertrophic cartilage samples. The Western blot analysis of the enamel demonstrated that size of the molecule detected by MoAb X53 is characteristic of the type X collagen. This correlates well with our immunohistochemical findings. Based on these data, we propose that type X collagen is one of the candidate molecules present in the enamel matrix that might be involved in mineralization of the enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Felszeghy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Center, Hungary.
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