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Hybridization and reticulate evolution in Diphasiastrum (flat-branched clubmosses, Lycopodiaceae) - New data from the island of Taiwan and Vietnam. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 196:108067. [PMID: 38561082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In the species groups related to Diphasiastrum multispicatum and D. veitchii, hybridization was investigated in samples from northern and southern Vietnam and the island of Taiwan, including available herbarium specimens from southeast Asia. The accessions were analyzed using flow cytometry (living material only), Sanger sequencing and multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat genotyping by sequencing. We detected two cases of ancient hybridization involving different combinations of parental species; both led via subsequent duplication to tetraploid taxa. A cross D. multispicatum × D. veitchii from Malaysia represents D. wightianum, a tetraploid taxon according to reported DNA content measurements of dried material (genome formulas MM, VV and MMVV, respectively). The second case involves D. veitchii and an unknown diploid parent (genome formula XX). Three hybridogenous taxa (genome formulas VVX, VVXX, VVVX) were discernable by a combination of flow cytometry and molecular data. Taxon I (VVX, three clones found on Taiwan island) is apparently triploid. Taxon II represents another genetically diverse and sexual tetraploid species (VVXX) and can be assigned to D. yueshanense, described from Taiwan island but occurring as well in mainland China and Vietnam. Taxon III is as well most likely tetraploid (VVVX) and represented by at least one, more likely two, clones from Taiwan island. Taxa I and III are presumably asexual and new to science. Two independently inherited nuclear markers recombine only within, not between these hybrids, pointing towards reproductive isolation. We present an evolutionary scheme which explains the origin of the hybrids and the evolution of new and fully sexual species by hybridization and subsequent allopolyploidization in flat-branched clubmosses.
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Time-varying living arrangements and suicide death in the general population sample: 14-year causal survival analysis via pooled logistic regression. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2024; 33:e30. [PMID: 38779822 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796024000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS While past research suggested that living arrangements are associated with suicide death, no study has examined the impact of sustained living arrangements and the change in living arrangements. Also, previous survival analysis studies only reported a single hazard ratio (HR), whereas the actual HR may change over time. We aimed to address these limitations using causal inference approaches. METHODS Multi-point data from a general Japanese population sample were used. Participants reported their living arrangements twice within a 5-year time interval. After that, suicide death, non-suicide death and all-cause mortality were evaluated over 14 years. We used inverse probability weighted pooled logistic regression and cumulative incidence curve, evaluating the association of time-varying living arrangements with suicide death. We also studied non-suicide death and all-cause mortality to contextualize the association. Missing data for covariates were handled using random forest imputation. RESULTS A total of 86,749 participants were analysed, with a mean age (standard deviation) of 51.7 (7.90) at baseline. Of these, 306 died by suicide during the 14-year follow-up. Persistently living alone was associated with an increased risk of suicide death (risk difference [RD]: 1.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.3-2.5%; risk ratio [RR]: 4.00, 95% CI: 1.83-7.41), non-suicide death (RD: 7.8%, 95% CI: 5.2-10.5%; RR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.38-1.74) and all-cause mortality (RD: 8.7%, 95% CI: 6.2-11.3%; RR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.42-1.79) at the end of the follow-up. The cumulative incidence curve showed that these associations were consistent throughout the follow-up. Across all types of mortality, the increased risk was smaller for those who started to live with someone and those who transitioned to living alone. The results remained robust in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who persistently live alone have an increased risk of suicide death as well as non-suicide death and all-cause mortality, whereas this impact is weaker for those who change their living arrangements.
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Effect of acid suppressant medications on the laxative action of magnesium preparations in patients with opioid-induced constipation: A pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. DIE PHARMAZIE 2023; 78:245-250. [PMID: 38178284 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2023.3624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Magnesium oxide is widely used for treating opioid-induced constipation, a serious analgesic-associated problem. Opioid analgesic users are often prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are sometimes combined with acid suppressants to prevent gastrointestinal adverse events. Magnesium preparations combined with acid suppressants may diminish magnesium preparations' laxative effect. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of magnesium preparations combined with acid suppressants on the incidence of opioid-induced constipation by using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System. Methods: Adverse events were defined per the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities; the term 'constipation (preferred term code: 10010774)' was used for analysis. After adjusting for patient background factors using propensity score matching, acid suppressants' effect on constipation incidence was evaluated in opioid users prescribed magnesium preparations alone as laxatives by using a test for independence. Key Findings: The Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System contains 14,475,614 reports for January 2004 to December 2021. Significantly increased constipation incidence was related to magnesium preparations combined with acid suppressants, especially proton pump inhibitors (P < 0.0001, McNemar's test). Conclusion: Magnesium preparations combined with acid suppressants may diminish magnesium preparations' laxative effect; healthcare professionals should pay attention to this issue.
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Multicenter Retrospective Study of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Patients with Previously Untreated Initial Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e293. [PMID: 37785079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The effectiveness of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been shown in many studies and its therapeutic effect is similar to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, many of these studies were done in combination with transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE), for recurrent HCC, or on a small scale. To better understand the specific outcomes of SBRT for HCC, we conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of SBRT for previously untreated initial HCC at Japanese Society of Clinical Oncology (JCOG) member hospitals. MATERIALS/METHODS Patientswho underwent SBRT for HCC at JCOG member hospitals between July 2013 and December 2017 and met the following eligibility criteria were included: (1) initial HCC; (2) ≤ 3 nodules, ≤ 5 cm in diameter; (3) a Child-Pugh (CP) score of A or B; and (4) unsuitability for or refusal of standard treatment, such as surgery, transplantation, RFA and TACE. We evaluated the overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) which was defined as the first instance of intra-hepatic recurrence after SBRT, disease-specific survival (DSS) using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Using Grey's test, patients who died of other diseases were analyzed as competing risks to estimate the cumulative incidence of local recurrence (CLR). Adverse events directly related to SBRT also analyzed using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAE v5.0). RESULTS Seventy-three patients with 79 lesions from 14 hospitals were analyzed. The median age was 77 years (range; 50-89 years), and the median tumor size was 23 mm (range; 6-50 mm). The median radiation dose was 40 Gy (range; 35-60 Gy) in five fractions (range; 4-8). The median follow-up period was 45 months (range; 0-103 months). There were three cases where follow-up was not possible due to unexpected events unrelated to SBRT, while the remaining 70 patients were successfully followed for at least six months. The 2 and 3year OS, RFS, DSS, and CLR rates were 84.3% (95% CI: 75.8-92.8%) and 69.9% (95% CI: 58.7-81%), 67.5% (95% CI: 56.0-79.0%) and 57.9% (95% CI: 45.2-70.5%), 95.1% (95% CI:89.7-100%)/87.6% (95% CI:78.8-96.3%), and 11.4% (95% CI: 5.3-20.0%) and 20.0% (95% CI: 11.2-30.5%), respectively. Four cases (5.5%) of adverse events of grade 3 or higher were reported: one case of grade 3 laboratory toxicities, one case of grade 3 liver failure, one case of grade 3 portal tumor thrombosis, and one case of grade 4 duodenal ulcer. No grade 5 toxicities were observed. CONCLUSION The results of our study demonstrate that SBRT for HCC is highly effective in achieving local control and is safe to administer. In addition, survival outcomes are favorable. SBRT is a promising treatment modality, especially for small HCCs for that is not suitable for standard treatment.
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Bowel movement frequency, stool consistency, and risk of disabling dementia: a population-based cohort study in Japan. Public Health 2023; 221:31-38. [PMID: 37392635 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This population-based study aimed to evaluate the association between bowel habits from midlife and dementia. STUDY DESIGN This was a cohort study using certification records for national long-term care insurance in Japan. METHODS Participants aged 50 to 79 years who reported bowel habits from eight districts within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) were followed from 2006 to 2016 for incident dementia. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for men and women separately using Cox proportional hazards models accounting for various lifestyle factors and medical histories. RESULTS Among 19,396 men and 22,859 women, 1889 men and 2685 women were diagnosed with dementia. In men, the multivariable-adjusted HRs compared with bowel movement frequency (BMF) of once/day were 1.00 (95% CI: 0.87-1.14) for twice/day or more, 1.38 (1.16-1.65) for 5-6 times/week, 1.46 (1.18-1.80) for 3-4 times/week, and 1.79 (1.34-2.39) for <3 times/week (P for trend <0.001). In women, the corresponding HRs were 1.14 (0.998-1.31), 1.03 (0.91-1.17), 1.16 (1.01-1.33), and 1.29 (1.08-1.55) (P for trend = 0.043). Harder stool was associated with higher risk (P for trend: 0.0030 for men and 0.024 for women), with adjusted HRs compared to normal stool of 1.30 (1.08-1.57) for hard stool and 2.18 (1.23-3.85) for very hard stool in men, and 1.15 (1.002-1.32) and 1.84 (1.29-2.63) in women. CONCLUSIONS Lower BMF and harder stool were each associated with higher risk of dementia.
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Correction: Characterization of baseline clinical factors associated with incident worsening kidney function in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the Hokuriku-Plus AF Registry. Heart Vessels 2023; 38:412. [PMID: 36508013 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-022-02218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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The effect of Daikenchuto on blood flow of the superior mesenteric artery and portal vein in ELBW: A prospective study. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:423-428. [PMID: 37718870 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal intestinal perforation (FIP) is a devastating complication of premature birth, and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants are at highest risk. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and portal vein (PV) blood flow velocities to investigate the association between intestinal blood flow and FIP. In addition, the herbal formula Daikenchuto (TJ-100) is expected to improve intestinal blood flow disorders; therefore, we evaluated its effect. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 15 ELBW infants from January 2020 to August 2021. Measured variables included birth weight, 5-minute Apgar score, time of oral feeding initiation, ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure (percent), diastolic and systolic blood pressure, SMA and PV blood flow velocity, and FIP onset data. Fifteen infants were divided into three groups: a non-surgery group (Group I; 6), a surgery group with FIP (Group II; 4), and a TJ-100 administration group (Group III; 5). The main outcome parameters included SMA and PV blood flow velocities with TJ-100. RESULTS SMA and PV blood flow differed significantly for the SMA of Group I and the SMA and PV of Group III (P < 0.01, P = 0.01, and P = 0.04, respectively). There was a correlation between SMA and PV in Group III (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION TJ-100 may increase SMA and PV blood flow and improve intestinal blood flow in ELBW infants at risk of FIP. Therefore, the effects of TJ-100 should undergo further study.
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142P The predictive biomarker for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with the combination therapy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab: Musashino study-irAE. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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139MO Prognostic significance of the mechanism of inflammatory markers in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Percutaneous coronary intervention on combined VA-ECMO and IMPELLA (ECPELLA) support may reduce myocardial damage in cardiogenic shock patients with STEMI who required mechanical circulatory support. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is an effective therapeutic modality for patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) including STEMI. The VA-ECMO maintains end-organ perfusion, however, it significantly increases damaged left ventricular (LV) afterload. Combined treatment of VA-ECMO and a micro-axial Impella pump, ECPELLA, simultaneously provides systemic circulatory support and LV loading reduction (LV unloading). Studies in ischemic animal models displayed that LV unloading reduced myocardial size. However, it remains unknown whether LV unloading effect by ECPELLA during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can reduce myocardial damage in human STEMI patients with severe cardiogenic shock.
Purpose
This study was to assess whether PCI on ECPELLA support can reduce myocardial damage in STEMI patients with severe cardiogenic shock.
Methods
Sixteen consecutive patients with STEMI and lethal CS (SCAI stage E) were enrolled. All patients suffered from cardiac arrest. Fifteen patients (94%) underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation using VA-ECMO. From October 2018 to November 2019, PCI was carried out on VA-ECMO support and the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) modality during PCI was switched to ECPELLA since December 2019. There were 8 patients who underwent PCI on ECPELLA support (ECPELLA-PCI) and 8 patients who underwent PCI on single VA-ECMO support (ECMO-PCI). All patients in ECMO-PCI group were escalated to ECPELLA after PCI. Therefore, the difference between groups was timing of LV unloading, i.e., pre-PCI or post-PCI condition. We assessed total MCS flow during PCI, and peak and time course changes in CK-MB levels from days 0 to 3.
Results
There were no significant differences in age, rate of male sex, body surface area, shockable rhythm, serum lactate levels, and door to MCS time. Patients in ECPELLA-PCI had significantly longer door to recanalization time (73min in ECPELLA vs. 49min in VA-ECMO, p<0.05), and higher total MCS flow during PCI (3.1 L/min/sqM vs. 2.0 L/min/sqM, p<0.05). Peak and the area under the curves (AUC) from day 0 to day 3 of CK-MB in ECPELLA-PCI were significantly lower than ECMO-PCI group (peak CK-MB 120 vs. 524 IU/L and CK-MB AUC 143 vs. 464 IU/L*Day, respectively, p<0.05). While all patients received red blood cell (RBC) and plasma (PL) transfusions, ECPELLA-PCI required larger amount of RBC and PL transfusions (p<0.05).
Conclusion
The ECPELLA-PCI appeared to reduce myocardial damage shown by peak and AUC of CK-MB levels. Lager amount of blood transfusion is a major drawback of this treatment modality. Further studies are necessary whether ECPELLA-PCI is an effective revascularization approach for myocardial damage reduction with favorable mid- and long-term outcome in patients with STEMI with severe cardiogenic shock.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Total MCS FLow and Ttoal MCS flow indexPeak CK-MB and CK-MB AUC
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Practices and perspectives of primary care physicians in Japan and the United States about diagnosing dementia: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:540. [PMID: 34635089 PMCID: PMC8503990 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While dementia is a common problem in Japan and the US, primary care physicians' practices and perspectives about diagnosing dementia in these different healthcare systems are unknown. Methods Qualitative research was conducted in an ethnographic tradition using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis in primary care settings across Japan and in the Midwest State of Michigan, US. Participants were a total of 48 primary care physicians, 24 each from Japan and the US participated. Both groups contained a mixture of geographic areas (rural/urban), gender, age, and years of experience as primary care physicians. Results Participants in Japan and the US voiced similar practices for making the diagnosis of dementia and held similar views about the desired benefits of diagnosing dementia. Differences were found in attitudes about the appropriate timing of formally diagnosing dementia. Japanese physicians tended to make a formal diagnosis when problems that would benefit from long-term care services emerged for family members. US physicians were more proactive in diagnosing dementia in the early stages by screening for dementia in health check-ups and promoting advance directives when the patients were still capable of decision-making. Views about appropriate timing of diagnostic testing for dementia in the two systems reflect what medical or nursing care services physicians can use to support dementia patients and caregivers. Conclusions Benefits of making the diagnosis included the need to activate the long-term care services in Japan and for early intervention and authoring advance directives in the US. Testing to establish an early diagnosis of dementia by primary care physicians only partly relates to testing and treatment options available. Benefits of making the diagnosis included the need to activate the long-term care services in Japan and for early intervention and authoring advance directives in the US. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02457-7.
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AUTOIMMUNE & INFLAMMATORY NMD. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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O23: CHARACTERISING PATIENT-DERIVED COLORECTAL CANCER TISSUE-ORIGINATED ORGANOIDAL SPHEROIDS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT MICROFLUIDIC APPLICATIONS. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Three-dimensional (3D) cell models have gained reputation as better representations of in vivo cancers as compared to monolayered cultures. Recently, patient tumour tissue-derived organoids have advanced the scope of complex in vitro models, by allowing patient-specific tumour cultures to be generated for developing new medicines and patient-tailored treatments. Integrating 3D cell and organoid culturing into microfluidics, can streamline traditional protocols and allow complex and precise high-throughput experiments to be performed with ease.
Method
Patient-derived colorectal cancer tissue-originated organoidal spheroids (CTOS) cultures were acquired from Kyoto University, Japan. CTOS were cultured in Matrigel and stem-cell media. CTOS were treated with 5-fluorouracil and cytotoxicity evaluated via fluorescent imaging and ATP assay. CTOS were embedded, sectioned and subjected to H&E staining and immunofluorescence for ABCG2 and Ki67 proteins. HT29 colorectal cancer spheroids were produced on microfluidic devices using cell suspensions and subjected to 5-fluorouracil treatment via fluid flow. Cytotoxicity was evaluated through fluorescent imaging and LDH assay.
Result
5-fluorouracil dose-dependent reduction in cell viability was observed in CTOS cultures (p<0.01). Colorectal CTOS cultures retained the histology, tissue architecture and protein expression of the colonic epithelial structure. Uniform 3D HT29 spheroids were generated in the microfluidic devices. 5-fluorouracil treatment of spheroids and cytotoxic analysis was achieved conveniently through fluid flow.
Conclusion
Patient-derived CTOS are better complex models of in vivo cancers than 3D cell models and can improve the clinical translation of novel treatments. Microfluidics can streamline high-throughput screening and reduce the practical difficulties of conventional organoid and 3D cell culturing.
Take-home message
Organoids are the most advanced in vitro models of clinical cancers. Microfluidics can streamline and improve traditional laboratory experiments.
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Combined use of VA-ECMO and IMPELLA (ECPELLA) as a possible strategy to improve outcomes in patients who underwent E-CPR. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Extracorporeal Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (E-CPR) is an effective tool for patients with refractory cardiac arrest (CA). Since VA-ECMO provides strong afterload, IABP is often used to increase left ventricular load. Recently, in Japan, the effectiveness of VA-ECMO in combination with IMPELLA, a forward flow mechanical circulatory support device (ECPELLA) is gaining attention.
Purpose
We investigated usefulness of ECPELLA in patients with refractory CA.
Method
We reviewed 133 patients that had E-CPR from January 2012 through January 2020 {mean age: 67±15 years, male 65%, Out of hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) 35%, Acute coronary Syndrome (ACS) 54%}. We divided these patients into ECMO with IMPELLA (ECPELLA group), ECMO with IABP (IABP group) and ECMO alone (ECMO alone group). The primary endpoint is 30-day survival and good neurological prognosis defined as CPC (cerebral performance categories) 1 or 2.
Result
During the study period, of the 133 patients, there were 20 in the ECPELLA group, 78 in the IABP group, 35 in the ECMO alone group. There were no significant differences in age in all three groups. There were more males, shockable rhythm, OHCA and ACS in the ECPELLA and IABP groups compared to the ECMO alone group. But there was no significant difference between the ECPELLA and IABP groups. Compared with other groups, ECPELLA had the shortest time from cardiac arrest to ECMO placement. Regarding endpoints, the rate of 30-day survival and favorable neurological prognosis were higher in the ECPELLA group, followed by the IABP group and then the ECMO alone group. (ECPELLA: 55% vs. IABP: 23% vs. ECMO alone: 9%; P=0.0009, ECPELLA: 35% vs. IABP: 13% vs. ECMO alone: 9%; P=0.04) Next, Kaplan Meier analysis was performed to analyze 30-day all-cause mortality. The ECPELLA group had a significantly higher survival rate (P=0.01 by log-rank test). Multivariate cox proportional hazard analysis including the age, OHCA, shockable rhythm, ACS, Collapse-to-ECMO under 60 min revealed that the age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28 (10 years increase), 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.53, P=0.004) and Collapse-to-ECMO under 60 min (HR, 0.37, 95% CI, 0.21–0.68, P=0.001) or ECPELLA (HR, 0.46, 95% CI, 0.20–0.694, P=0.03) were significantly associated with mortality.
Conclusion
ECPELLA used with E-CPR is an effective tool to improve mortality and neurologic status.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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99P Development of a qRT-PCR-based diagnostic test to identify colorectal cancer patients with recurrent R-Spondin gene fusions. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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OMICs AND AI APPROACHES FOR MUSCLE DISEASES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Heterogeneity of EGFR-mutant clones and PD-L1 highly expressing clones affects treatment efficacy of EGFR-TKI and PD-1 inhibitor. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:2145-2147. [PMID: 30099497 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P1.17-10 Prediction of Visceral Pleural Invasion in c-N0 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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P1.18-07 Postoperative Complications and Long-Term Survival Among Octogenarians Treated Surgically for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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EP1.01-73 Trousseau’s Syndrome Associated with Pulmonary Pleomorphic Carcinoma Showing Aggressive Features: A Case Report. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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P1.04-53 A High PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Correlates with Expression of SPOP and CD8 Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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EP1.16-36 A Good Intestinal Bacterial Environment Can Reduce the Side Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Enhance Their Anti-Cancer Effects. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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EP.102Genetic diagnosis in large Japanese cohort using targeted re-sequencing system. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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P.89Infantile-onset lipid storage myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ephrin type-A receptor 2 on tumor-derived exosomes enhances angiogenesis through the activation of MAPK signaling. DIE PHARMAZIE 2019; 74:614-619. [PMID: 31685088 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2019.9474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are potent players in the development of metastases and they play an important role in cancer angiogenesis and exacerbation. However, it is unclear how proteins on exosomes affect development of blood vessel networks. In this study, we focused on relationships between membrane proteins on exosomes and angiogenesis using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Lung tumor cell-derived exosomes induced tube formation and growth of endothelial cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner involving MAPK activation, but this was not seen in normal lung epithelial cells. Ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) was identified by proteomic analysis and an inhibition assays showed it is a major MAPK activator on exosomes. Thus EphA2 on exosomes participates in angiogenesis as a ligand of the ephrin signaling pathway. These results support the development of novel therapeutic strategies such as blockade of remote cancer communications through exosomes.
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METABOLIC DISTURBANCES IN NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with preexisting antinuclear antibodies. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:919-927. [PMID: 31576495 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show promising clinical activity in advanced cancers. However, the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with preexisting antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are unclear. METHODS 191 patients treated with nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, or durvalumab for unresectable advanced cancers between September 2014 and December 2018 were identified retrospectively. Patients were divided into positive (ANA titers ≥ 1:160) and negative ANA groups (ANA titers < 1:160). Development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), the overall response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) were monitored. RESULTS Positive ANA titers were seen in 9 out of 191 patients. Four patients in the positive ANA group and 69 patients in the negative group developed irAEs of any grade without a significant difference between the groups. The development of endocrine, pulmonary, and cutaneous irAEs was not significant, whereas positive ANA was significantly higher in patients who developed colitis (2/9) than in patients who did not (3/182, P = 0.0002). DCR in the positive and negative ANA group was 37.5% and 67.5%, respectively, and was not statistically significant, but had better efficacy in patients without ANA (P = 0.08). ANA-related autoimmune diseases such as SLE, Sjögren's syndrome, MCTD, scleroderma, dermatomyositis, and polymyositis was not induced in either group. However, one patient with preexisting dermatomyositis had a flare up after initiation of atezolizumab. CONCLUSION Further studies to identify predictive factors for the development of irAEs are required to provide relevant patient care and maximize the therapeutic benefits of ICIs.
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O.37AI-based muscle histopathologist can differentiate major muscular dystrophies better than human. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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CRISPR/Cas9 targeting HIV-1 regulatory genes inactivates latent proviral DNA and prevents new infection in T cell culture with inhibition of viral escape. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)31056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Relationship between peripheral neuropathy and effectiveness in second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced gastric cancer: a prospective, observational, multicenter study protocol. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Absence of sarcoplasmic myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) expression in antisynthetase syndrome in a cohort of 194 cases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2019; 45:523-524. [DOI: 10.1111/nan.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cigarette smoking and cervical cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review and meta-analysis among Japanese women. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2019; 49:77-86. [PMID: 30407555 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyy158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a body of evidence to suggest that cigarette smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer in women, but no study has examined the magnitude of the association in Japanese women. Here, we evaluated the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of cervical cancer in Japanese women based on a systematic review of epidemiological evidence. Methods Original data were obtained from a MEDLINE search using PubMed or from a search of the 'Ichushi' database, as well as by a manual search. Evaluation of associations was based on the strength of evidence and the magnitude of association, together with biological plausibility as evaluated previously by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Meta-analysis of associations was also conducted to obtain a summarized overview of the data. Results We identified two cohort studies and three case-control studies. All five studies had indicated strong positive associations between cigarette smoking and the risk of cervical cancer. Our summary estimate indicated that the relative risk (RR) for individuals who had ever-smoked relative to never-smokers was 2.03 (95% confidence interval: 1.49-2.57). Four studies had also demonstrated dose-response relationships between cigarette smoking and the risk of cervical cancer. Conclusion We conclude that there is convincing evidence that cigarette smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer among Japanese women.
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EAST MEETS WEST: THE CURRENT STATE AND RESEARCH FINDINGS OF ADVANCE CARE PLANNING. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AT-HOME DEATH AMONG HOSPICE PATIENTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P2.06-31 Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein 70 Function Suppresses Proliferation in Mesothelioma Cells. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cold thermal oral stimulation produces immediate excitability in human pharyngeal motor cortex. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13384. [PMID: 29856098 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current strategies of swallowing therapy include facilitation of swallowing initiation by sensory modulation. Although thermal tactile oral stimulation is a common method to treat dysphagic patients to improve swallowing movement, little is known about the possible mechanisms. This study is aimed to investigate whether thermal oral (tongue) stimulation can modulate the cortico-pharyngeal neural motor pathway in humans. METHODS Eighteen healthy volunteers participated and were intubated with an intraluminal catheter for recording pharyngeal electromyography. Each participant underwent baseline transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) cortico-pharyngeal motor evoked potential (MEP) measurements bilaterally. MEPs were then measured during thermal stimulation over the dorsal tongue, applied using the Peltier device at three different temperatures; 45°C, 37°C, and 15°C, in a pre-ordered manner. Each of the three temperatures was given twice with a 5-min resting time between each trial. Averaged MEP amplitude changes were analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc t-tests. KEY RESULTS Two-way repeated measures ANOVA with factors of Temperature × Trial in amplitude of MEP demonstrated a significant effect of Temperature both in the stronger (F2,34 = 5.775, P = .007) and weaker (F2,34 = 4.771, P = .017) pharyngeal hemispheres. Subsequent post-hoc tests showed the significant increase in pharyngeal MEPs at 15° compared to 37° in both hemispheres (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Cold oral stimulation was able to induce significant changes in pharyngeal cortical excitability, demonstrating evidence for a sensorimotor interaction between oral and pharyngeal cortical areas.
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P2.15-27 Lung Volume Change After Lobectomy Estimated by Three-Dimensional Image Analysis System. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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FSHD / OPMD / EDMD / DMI. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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P1.14-11 The Expression Pattern of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 According to the Pathological Type of Malignant Thymic Epithelial Tumors. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING AND EXPERIMENTAL MYOLOGY. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Analysis of the subjective postural vertical on diagonal plane in elderly subjects and left hemiparetic patients after stroke. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Evidence-based cancer prevention recommendations for Japanese. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2018; 48:576-586. [PMID: 29659926 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive evidence-based cancer prevention recommendation for Japanese was developed. We evaluated the magnitude of the associations of lifestyle factors and infection with cancer through a systematic review of the literature, meta-analysis of published data, and pooled analysis of cohort studies in Japan. Then, we judged the strength of evidence based on the consistency of the associations between exposure and cancer and biological plausibility. Important factors were extracted and summarized as an evidence-based, current cancer prevention recommendation: 'Cancer Prevention Recommendation for Japanese'. The recommendation addresses six important domains related to exposure and cancer, including smoking, alcohol drinking, diet, physical activity, body weight and infection. The next step should focus on the development of effective behavior modification programs and their implementation and dissemination.
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Predictive performance of a genetic risk score using 11 susceptibility alleles for the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in a general Japanese population: a nested case-control study. Diabet Med 2018; 35:602-611. [PMID: 29444352 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the predictive ability of a genetic risk score for the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in a general Japanese population. METHODS This prospective case-control study, nested within a Japan Public Health Centre-based prospective study, included 466 participants with incident Type 2 diabetes over a 5-year period (cases) and 1361 control participants, as well as 1463 participants with existing diabetes and 1463 control participants. Eleven susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphisms, identified through genome-wide association studies and replicated in Japanese populations, were analysed. RESULTS Most single nucleotide polymorphism loci showed directionally consistent associations with diabetes. From the combined samples, one single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2206734 at CDKAL1) reached a genome-wide significance level (odds ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.18-1.40; P = 1.8 × 10-8 ). Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2206734 in CDKAL1, rs2383208 in CDKN2A/B, and rs2237892 in KCNQ1) were nominally significantly associated with incident diabetes. Compared with the lowest quintile of the total number of risk alleles, the highest quintile had a higher odds of incident diabetes (odds ratio 2.34, 95% CI 1.59-3.46) after adjusting for conventional risk factors such as age, sex and BMI. The addition to the conventional risk factor-based model of a genetic risk score using the 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly improved predictive performance; the c-statistic increased by 0.021, net reclassification improved by 6.2%, and integrated discrimination improved by 0.003. CONCLUSIONS Our prospective findings suggest that the addition of a genetic risk score may provide modest but significant incremental predictive performance beyond that of the conventional risk factor-based model without biochemical markers.
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Reappraisal of classification of distal cholangiocarcinoma based on tumour depth. Br J Surg 2018; 105:867-875. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In the eighth edition of the AJCC cancer staging classification, the T system for distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) has been revised from a layer-based to a depth-based approach. The aim of this study was to propose an optimal T classification using a measured depth in resectable DCC.
Methods
Patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for DCC at 32 hospitals between 2001 and 2010 were included. The distance between the level of the naive bile duct and the deepest cancer cells was measured as depth of invasion (DOI). Invasive cancer foci were measured as invasive tumour thickness (ITT). Log rank χ2 scores were used to determine the cut-off points, and concordance index (C-index) to assess the survival discrimination of each T system.
Results
Among 404 patients, DOI was measurable in 182 (45·0 per cent) and ITT was measurable in all patients, with median values of 2·3 and 5·6 mm respectively. ITT showed a positive correlation with DOI (rs = 0·854, P < 0·001), and the cut-off points for prognosis were 1, 5 and 10 mm. Median survival time was shorter with increased ITT: 12·4 years for ITT below 1 mm, 5·2 years for ITT at least 1 mm but less than 5 mm, 3·0 years for ITT at least 5 mm but less than 10 mm, and 1·5 years for ITT 10 mm or more (P < 0·001). This classification exhibited more favourable prognostic discrimination than the T systems of the seventh and eighth editions of the AJCC (C-index 0·646, 0·622 and 0·624 respectively).
Conclusion
ITT is an accurate approach for depth assessment in DCC. The four-tier ITT classification with cut-off points of 1, 5 and 10 mm seems to be a better T system than those in the seventh and eighth editions of the AJCC classification.
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Regeneration of the Junctional Epithelium and Connective Tissue after Transplantation of Detergent-Processed Allo-Teeth. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139880002301211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The authors have developed a new artificial dental implant and evaluated it in a dog model in terms of its potential to produce: I) regeneration of junctional epithelium; II) regeneration and attachment of connective tissue. The implants were constructed from allo-teeth. We removed the cell components from the periodontal ligaments of these teeth with a detergent (1% TritonX-100); the remaining acellular periodontal ligament acted as an extracellular matrix upon which regeneration and attachment could proceed. We placed 10 of these implants in the just-extracted sites of three beagle dogs. We observed regeneration of both junctional epithelium and connective tissue at all implant sites after 3 months. The connective tissue was attached in all cases. Use of the acellular periodontal ligament as an extracellular matrix may facilitate regeneration of host periodontal ligament tissue, thus contributing to recovery of host immunological defense and long-term oral function.
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Abstract
We have already reported “del” successful carinal reconstruction of the trachea with an observation period of 1 – 2 years. In this study, we evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of the reconstruction after 5-years of follow-up. The Y-shaped Marlex® mesh tube was reinforced with a polypropylene spiral and coated with atelocollagen made from porcine skin. The prosthesis was 60 mm long with an outer diameter of 18 mm. Replacement of the tracheobronchial bifurcation was preformed through a right thoracotomy in a beagle dog. Bronchoscopical examination and sampling of the tracheal epithelium was performed periodically to check the function of cilia. The implanted prothesis was promptly infiltrated by the surrounding connective tissue and completely incorporated by the host trachea and bronchus. Bronchoscopically, sufficient epithelization was confirmed from the upper to the lower site of anastomosis. After 5 years neither stenosis nor dehiscence was observed. In spite of there being mesh-exposure at the luminal surface, the dog had no clinical symptoms until sacrifice for pathological examination. The bent frequency of the cilia was maintained within the normal range, indicating “del” functional recovery of the regenerating airway. Our tracheal prosthesis is promising for clinical “del” repair of the tracheobronchial bifurcation.
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Self-harm and Suicide Attempts in a Japanese Psychiatric Hospital. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2018; 28:23-27. [PMID: 29576553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-harm and attempted suicide are risk factors for suicide in psychiatric hospital in-patients. This study aimed to analyse the circumstances of self-harm and suicide attempts in a Japanese psychiatric hospital so as to improve management and care. METHODS Incident reports of self-harm and suicide attempts during a 12.4-year period from November 2000 to March 2013 were reviewed. A descriptive analysis was conducted in terms of age, sex, and diagnosis of patients, as well as level, ward, situations, and causes of incidents. RESULTS During the study period, 90 cases of self-harm and attempted suicide involving 58 patients were reported. The rate of self-harm and suicide attempts was 0.05 per 1000 patient-days. The types of selfharm and suicide attempts included hanging (n = 25), wrist cutting (n = 19), ingestion of foreign objects (n = 17), and others (n = 29). The single case of completed suicide involved hanging, in a patient with schizophrenia. Among 55 patients with relevant data, the most common clinical diagnosis was mood disorder (41.8%), followed by schizophrenia (36.4%). Mood disorder was 3.5 times as prevalent in females as in males (14 vs. 4). Fourteen patients with mood disorder (n = 8) or schizophrenia (n = 6) were repeatedly involved in 46 of 89 cases of self-harm or attempted suicide; 11 were female. One woman with mood disorder attempted suicide 9 times within the same year. The top 3 management and care factors related to self-harm and suicide attempts were failure to adhere to preventive procedures (28%), insufficient therapeutic communication (28%), and difficulty in predicting suicide (20%). CONCLUSION Self-harm and suicide attempts at this psychiatric hospital occurred at a rate of 0.05 per 1000 patient-days between late 2000 and early 2013. Efforts are needed to increase compliance with suicide prevention procedures and therapeutic communication, so as to improve management and care of psychiatric in-patients and prevent them from committing suicide.
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Issues with the surgical treatment of antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Oral Dis 2018; 24:52-56. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Comparison of Examinees’ and Doctors’ Judgement of Health Status Using Data in an AMHTS. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1635319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryJudgements of examinees’ health status by doctors and by the examinees themselves are compared applying multiple discriminant analysis. The doctors’ judgements of the examinees’ health status are studied comparatively using laboratory data and the examinees’ subjective symptom data.This data was obtained in an Automated Multiphasic Health Testing System. We discuss the health conditions which are significant for the judgement of doctors about the examinees. The results show that the explanatory power, when using subjective symptom data, is fair in the case of the doctors’ judgement. We found common variables, such as nervousness, lack of perseverance etc., which form the first canonical axis.
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Temporal and spatial variations of 134Cs and 137Cs levels in the Sea of Japan and Pacific coastal region: Implications for dispersion of FDNPP-derived radiocesium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 182:142-150. [PMID: 29227876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the dispersion of Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP)-derived radiocesium in the Sea of Japan and western Pacific coastal region and determine the sources of radiocesium in these areas, we examined the temporal and spatial variations of 134Cs and 137Cs concentrations (activities) during 2011-2016 in seawaters around the western Japanese Archipelago, particularly in the Sea of Japan. In May 2013, the surface concentration of 134Cs was ∼0.5 mBq/L (decay-corrected to March 11, 2011), and that of 137Cs exceeded the pre-accident level in this study area, where the effects of radiocesium depositions just after the FDNPP accident disappeared in surface waters in October 2011. Subsequently, radiocesium concentrations gradually increased during 2013-2016 (∼0.5-1 mBq/L for 134Cs), exhibiting approximately homogeneous distributions in each year. The temporal and spatial variations of 134Cs and 137Cs concentrations indicated that FDNPP-derived radiocesium around the western Japanese Archipelago, including the Sea of Japan, has been supported by the Kuroshio Current and its branch, Tsushima Warm Current, during 2013-2016. However, in the Sea of Japan, the penetration of 134Cs was limited to depths of less than ∼200 m during three years following the re-delivery of FDNPP-derived radiocesium.
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