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Deehan MA, Kothuis JM, Sapp E, Chase K, Ke Y, Seeley C, Iuliano M, Kim E, Kennington L, Miller R, Boudi A, Shing K, Li X, Pfister E, Anaclet C, Brodsky M, Kegel-Gleason K, Aronin N, DiFiglia M. Nacc1 Mutation in Mice Models Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Underlying Synaptic Dysfunction. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1610232024. [PMID: 38388424 PMCID: PMC10993038 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1610-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A missense mutation in the transcription repressor Nucleus accumbens-associated 1 (NACC1) gene at c.892C>T (p.Arg298Trp) on chromosome 19 causes severe neurodevelopmental delay ( Schoch et al., 2017). To model this disorder, we engineered the first mouse model with the homologous mutation (Nacc1+/R284W ) and examined mice from E17.5 to 8 months. Both genders had delayed weight gain, epileptiform discharges and altered power spectral distribution in cortical electroencephalogram, behavioral seizures, and marked hindlimb clasping; females displayed thigmotaxis in an open field. In the cortex, NACC1 long isoform, which harbors the mutation, increased from 3 to 6 months, whereas the short isoform, which is not present in humans and lacks aaR284 in mice, rose steadily from postnatal day (P) 7. Nuclear NACC1 immunoreactivity increased in cortical pyramidal neurons and parvalbumin containing interneurons but not in nuclei of astrocytes or oligodendroglia. Glial fibrillary acidic protein staining in astrocytic processes was diminished. RNA-seq of P14 mutant mice cortex revealed over 1,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Glial transcripts were downregulated and synaptic genes upregulated. Top gene ontology terms from upregulated DEGs relate to postsynapse and ion channel function, while downregulated DEGs enriched for terms relating to metabolic function, mitochondria, and ribosomes. Levels of synaptic proteins were changed, but number and length of synaptic contacts were unaltered at 3 months. Homozygosity worsened some phenotypes including postnatal survival, weight gain delay, and increase in nuclear NACC1. This mouse model simulates a rare form of autism and will be indispensable for assessing pathophysiology and targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Deehan
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Josine M Kothuis
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Ellen Sapp
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Kathryn Chase
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Yuting Ke
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Connor Seeley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Maria Iuliano
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Emily Kim
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Lori Kennington
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Rachael Miller
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Adel Boudi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Kai Shing
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Xueyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Edith Pfister
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Christelle Anaclet
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California 95817
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Kimberly Kegel-Gleason
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | - Neil Aronin
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
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Mizrahi I, Shah P, Huang R, Nagamine T, Gozun M, Lee D, Shimabuku L, Khan Z, Lum C, Brodsky M. Echocardiographic Findings in Patients with Methamphetamine Cardiomyopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Shah P, Mizrahi I, Huang R, Nagamine T, Gozun MK, Lee D, Shiraishi K, Shimabuku LN, Khan ZR, Lum C, Brodsky M. ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH METHAMPHETAMINE ASSOCIATED CARDIOMYOPATHY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)01145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Brodsky M, Wei JX, Castagna F, Jou E, Shusterman M, Goel S, Acuna-Villaorduna A. Access to care in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma by race/ethnicity in an academic center in the Bronx, NY. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16280 Background: Racial disparities in the overall survival (OS) of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been previously reported. Large population datasets suggest that Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) have decreased OS when compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), and Hispanics. It is unclear whether this is related to biologic features or differences in access to care. This study was aimed to compare time to treatment in a racially-diverse cohort of patients with PDAC in an academic center in the Bronx, NY. Methods: Patients diagnosed with PDAC between 2015 and 2021, available race/ethnicity (NHW, NHB or Hispanic) who received treatment at Montefiore Medical Center were identified. Data including demographics (age, gender, BMI), clinical features (date of diagnosis, presentation [localized/metastatic], tumor location, grade), first-treatment received (surgery or chemotherapy) and outcomes (vital status, date of death) were collected manually. Time to first treatment was compared between racial/ethnic groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Of 226 patients diagnosed with PDAC, there were 46 (20.4%), 77 (34.1%) and 103 (45.6%) NHW, NHB and Hispanics respectively. The frequency of metastatic disease was higher in Hispanics and NHB compared to NHW (42.7% vs. 46.7% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.02). Median time to first treatment did not differ significantly among racial/ethnic groups in the overall cohort and stratified by disease presentation. Conclusions: There were no differences in access to care among racial/ethnic groups in this cohort. A higher frequency of metastatic disease at presentation among NHB and Hispanics might be explained by more aggressive biology. Further evaluation of the molecular profile in this cohort is warranted.[Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John X Wei
- Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, NY
| | | | - Erin Jou
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Michael Shusterman
- Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
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Mizrahi I, Shah P, Nagamine T, Huang R, Lum C, Khan Z, Lee D, Shimabuku L, Shiraishi K, Brodsky M. Ethnicities of Patients Presenting with Methamphetamine Associated Cardiomyopathy at a Tertiary Hospital System in Hawaii. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Mizrahi I, Lum C, Khan Z, Shah P, Huang R, Nagamine T, Shimabuku L, Lee D, Shiraishi K, Brodsky M. Characteristics of Methamphetamine Associated Cardiomyopathy at a Tertiary Clinical Center in Hawaii. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mizrahi I, Shah P, Lum C, Khan Z, Huang R, Nagamine T, Lee D, Shimabuku L, Shiraishi K, Brodsky M. Contemporary Evaluation of Gender, Race, and Socioeconomics with Outcomes in Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Fisher MJ, Liu GT, Ferner RE, Gutmann DH, Listernick R, de Blank P, Zeid J, Ullrich NJ, Heidary G, Bornhorst M, Stasheff SF, Rosser T, Borchert M, Ardern-Holmes S, Flaherty M, Hummel TR, Motley WW, Bielamowicz K, Phillips PH, Bouffet E, Reginald A, Wolf DS, Peragallo J, Van Mater D, El-Dairi M, Sato A, Tarczy-Hornoch K, Klesse L, Hogan N, Foreman N, McCourt E, Allen J, Ranka M, Campen C, Beres S, Moertel C, Areaux R, Stearns D, Orge F, Crawford J, O’Halloran H, Brodsky M, Esbenshade AJ, Donahue S, Cutter G, Avery RA. NFB-09. ENROLLMENT AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1 ASSOCIATED OPTIC PATHWAY GLIOMA (NF1-OPG): PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM AN INTERNATIONAL MULTI-CENTER NATURAL HISTORY STUDY. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715986 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Because treatment and clinical management decisions for children with NF1-OPG remain challenging, we sought to establish evidence-based guidelines. We prospectively enrolled children with newly-diagnosed NF1-OPGs, and gathered standardized clinical neuro-oncology and ophthalmology assessments. METHODS Only children with NF1 and newly diagnosed OPGs, confirmed by central review, were eligible. Indications for obtaining the initial MRI, as well as factors associated with the decision to treat with chemotherapy or observe without treatment, were obtained. Quantitative visual acuity (VA), other ophthalmic features, and imaging were captured at standard time points. Goal enrollment is 250 subjects. RESULTS One-hundred thirty-three children (52% female) from 20 institutions met inclusion criteria, and were included in this preliminary analysis. Eighty-six percent of subjects were able to perform quantitative VA testing at enrollment. The most common reasons for the diagnostic MRI included screening related to NF1 diagnosis (36.8%), ophthalmologic concerns (29.3%), and non-ophthalmologic concerns (24.8%), such as headache. To date, twenty subjects have initiated treatment with chemotherapy, twelve (9%) at the time of the initial OPG diagnosis. Median age at OPG diagnosis was 3.1 years. Age and sex distribution were similar in subjects immediately entering the observation and treatment arms (median age 3.0 versus 3.5 years, respectively). CONCLUSION Most children with NF1-OPGs are observed at time of their initial OPG diagnosis, rather than treated. Importantly, a large proportion of children are able to complete quantitative VA testing at enrollment. Once enrollment is complete, these data will help to establish evidence-based guidelines for clinical management of NF1-OPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grant T Liu
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosalie E Ferner
- Guy’s and St, Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - David H Gutmann
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert Listernick
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter de Blank
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Janice Zeid
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Tena Rosser
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Borchert
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Maree Flaherty
- The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Trent R Hummel
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - W Walker Motley
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Eric Bouffet
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - David S Wolf
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Klesse
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nick Hogan
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Allen
- New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Milan Ranka
- New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ray Areaux
- University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Duncan Stearns
- University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Faruk Orge
- University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - John Crawford
- Rady Children’s Hospital, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Henry O’Halloran
- Rady Children’s Hospital, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sean Donahue
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gary Cutter
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert A Avery
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Schnitzler A, Mir P, Brodsky M, Verhagen L, Groppa S, Alvarez R, Evans A, Blazquez M, Nagel S, Pilitsis J, Pötter-Nerger M, Tse W, Almeida L, Tomycz N, Jimenez-Shahed J, Carrillo F, Hartmann C, Groiss S, Defresne F, Karst E, Cheeran B, Vesper J. Directional versus omnidirectional Deep Brain Stimulation: Results of a multi-cente prospective blinded crossover study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vitullo DLP, Zaki S, Jones DE, Sumetsky M, Brodsky M. Coupling between waveguides and microresonators: the local approach. Opt Express 2020; 28:25908-25914. [PMID: 32906871 DOI: 10.1364/oe.399978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coupling between optical microresonators and waveguides is a critical characteristic of resonant photonic devices that has complex behavior that is not well understood. When the characteristic variation length of the microresonator modes is much larger than the waveguide width, local coupling parameters emerge that are independent of the resonator mode distributions and offer a simplified description of coupling behavior. We develop a robust numerical-fitting-based methodology for experimental determination of the local coupling parameters in all coupling regimes and demonstrate their characterization along a microfiber waveguide coupled to an elongated bottle microresonator.
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Lohani S, Kirby BT, Brodsky M, Danaci O, Glasser RT. Machine learning assisted quantum state estimation. Mach Learn : Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-2153/ab9a21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gangar V, Curiale MS, Lindberg K, Gambrel-Lenarz S, Adamson E, Barbari W, Brodsky M, Blackwell G, Bryce J, Cook P, Davis B, Deabel J, D’Onorio A, Follmi-Lieder E, Franklin J, Gambrel-Lenarz S, Horne S, James-Davis L, Lindgren S, McIntyre D, Moore J, Moorman M, Puccini M, Pulusani S, Sass A, Saunders L, Schop R, Sigua CA, Sinclair P, Story R, Westmoreland R, Windsor S, Witt JL. Dry Rehydratable Film Method for Enumerating Confirmed Escherichia coli in Poultry, Meats, and Seafood: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/82.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A rehydratable dry-film plating method for Escherichia coli, the Petrifilm E. coli/Coliform (EC) Count Plate in foods, has been compared with the AOAC INTERNATIONAL most probable number (MPN) method. Eleven laboratories participated in the collaborative study. Three E. coli levels in 8 samples each of frozen raw ground turkey, frozen raw ground beef, and frozen cooked fish were tested in duplicate. Mean log counts for the Petri film plate procedure were not significantly different from those for the MPN procedure for cooked fish samples inoculated with low or high inocula levels, for samples of raw turkey inoculated at medium level, and for beef inoculated at low, medium, and high levels. Repeatability and reproducibility vari ances of the Petrifilm EC Plate method recorded at 24 h were as good as or better than those of the MPN method. The dry rehydratable film method for enumerating confirmed E. coli in poultry, meats, and seafood has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Gangar
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Michael S Curiale
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Kathryn Lindberg
- 3M Microbiology Products, 3M Center, Building 260-6B-01, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
| | - Sonya Gambrel-Lenarz
- 3M Microbiology Products, 3M Center, Building 260-6B-01, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
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D’Aoust JY, Sewell AM, Greco P, Benson J, Boleszczuk P, Brodsky M, Cirigliano M, Coignaud C, Fain A, Flowers R, Gour L, Hamann WT, Huszczynski G, Jesset K, Konkel P, Lacasse P, Laffey PJ, Laperriere G, Mclntyre K, Morrow A, Oggel J, Philippe LM, Purvis U, Richter ER, Thomas MD, West W, Zandstra W. Detection of Salmonella in Dry Foods Using Refrigerated Pre-Enrichment and Enrichment Broth Cultures: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/76.4.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An interlaboratory study was performed in 11 laboratories to validate the use of pre-enrichment and tetrathionate brilliant green (TBG35) and selenite cystine (SC35) enrichment cultures refrigerated 72 h at 2-5°C for greater analytical flexibility in the detection of Salmonella in dry foods. Productivities of refrigerated pre-enrichment and enrichment cultures were compared with that of the AOAC/Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) procedure using 4 food types: whole egg powder, milk chocolate, animal feed, and instantized skim milk powder. Uninoculated and inoculated samples were included in each food group. There was complete agreement between the results obtained by the standard AOAC/BAM procedure and the 2 refrigeration procedures. Of 660 samples tested, the AOAC/BAM procedure identified 393 contaminated samples that were readily detected from the corresponding refrigerated pre-enrichment cultures and from the combined productivity of homologous refrigerated TBG35 and SC35 cultures. Refrigeration (72 h) of preenrichment or enrichment cultures for greater analytical flexibility and laboratory productivity in the examination of dry foods is under review for adoption by AOAC International.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves D’Aoust
- Health and Welfare Canada, Food Directorate, Sir EG. Banting Research Centre, Tunney’s Pasture, Ottawa, ON, Kl A 0L2, Canada
| | - Anne M Sewell
- Health and Welfare Canada, Food Directorate, Sir EG. Banting Research Centre, Tunney’s Pasture, Ottawa, ON, Kl A 0L2, Canada
| | - Paula Greco
- Health and Welfare Canada, Food Directorate, Sir EG. Banting Research Centre, Tunney’s Pasture, Ottawa, ON, Kl A 0L2, Canada
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Cloke J, Matheny S, Swimley M, Tebbs R, Burrell A, Flannery J, Bastin B, Bird P, Benzinger MJ, Crowley E, Agin J, Goins D, Salfinger Y, Brodsky M, Fernandez MC. Validation of the Applied Biosystems RapidFinder Shiga Toxin–Producing E. coli (STEC) Detection Workflow. J AOAC Int 2019; 99:1537-1554. [PMID: 27697104 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.16-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Applied Biosystems™ RapidFinder™ STEC Detection Workflow (Thermo Fisher Scientific) is a complete protocol for the rapid qualitative detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 and the “Big 6” non-O157 Shiga-like toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) serotypes (defined as serogroups: O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145). The RapidFinder STEC Detection Workflow makes use of either the automated preparation of PCR-ready DNA using the Applied Biosystems PrepSEQ™ Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit in conjunction with the Applied Biosystems MagMAX™ Express 96-well magnetic particle processor or the Applied Biosystems PrepSEQ Rapid Spin kit for manual preparation of PCR-ready DNA. Two separate assays comprise the RapidFinder STEC Detection Workflow, the Applied Biosystems RapidFinder STEC Screening Assay and the Applied Biosystems RapidFinder STEC Confirmation Assay. The RapidFinder STEC Screening Assay includes primers and probes to detect the presence of stx1 (Shiga toxin 1), stx2 (Shiga toxin 2), eae (intimin), and E. coli O157 gene targets. The RapidFinder STEC Confirmation Assay includes primers and probes for the “Big 6” non-O157 STEC and E. coli O157:H7. The use of these two assays in tandem allows a user to detect accurately the presence of the “Big 6” STECs and E. coli O157:H7. The performance of the RapidFinder STEC Detection Workflow was evaluated in a method comparison study, in inclusivity and exclusivity studies, and in a robustness evaluation. The assays were compared to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook (MLG) 5.09: Detection, Isolation and Identification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from Meat Products and Carcass and Environmental Sponges for raw ground beef (73% lean) and USDA/FSIS-MLG 5B.05: Detection, Isolation and Identification of Escherichia coli non-O157:H7 from Meat Products and Carcass and Environmental Sponges for raw beef trim. No statistically significant differences were observed between the reference method and the individual or combined kits forming the candidate assay using either of the DNA preparation kits (manual or automated extraction). For the inclusivity and exclusivity evaluation, the RapidFinder STEC Detection Workflow, comprising both RapidFinder STEC screening and confirmation kits, correctly identified all 50 target organism isolates and correctly excluded all 30 nontarget strains for both of the assays evaluated. The results of these studies demonstrate the sensitivity and selectivity of the RapidFinder STEC Detection Workflow for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 and the “Big 6” STEC serotypes in both raw ground beef and beef trim. The robustness testing demonstrated that minor variations in the method parameters did not impact the accuracy of the assay and highlighted the importance of following the correct incubation temperatures
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cloke
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Microbiology, Wade Rd, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG24 8PW, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Matheny
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward St, Austin, TX 78744
| | | | - Robert Tebbs
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward St, Austin, TX 78744
| | - Angelia Burrell
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2130 Woodward St, Austin, TX 78744
| | | | | | - Patrick Bird
- Q Laboratories Inc, 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | | | - Erin Crowley
- Q Laboratories Inc, 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - James Agin
- Q Laboratories Inc, 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - David Goins
- Q Laboratories Inc, 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | | | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, Ontario, Canada L3T 4K6
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Higgins D, Urquhart H, Kelly S, Illingworth S, Perera N, Bastin B, Bird P, Agin MJ, Goins D, Chen Y, Salfinger Y, Brodsky M. Validation of Solus One Salmonella from Select Food Matrixes and Stainless-Steel and Plastic Environmental Surfaces. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:1145-1161. [PMID: 30728092 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Solus One Salmonella is designed to accurately detect Salmonella species (Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica, salamae, arizonae, diarizonae, houtenae, indica, and Salmonella bongori) from select food matrixes and stainless-steel and plastic environmental surfaces. Solus One Salmonella uses an antibody-based technology test system that is paired with media and our proprietary media supplement, the Solus One Salmonella supplement combined with a manual or automated sample preparation method. Objective: Solus One Salmonella was evaluated for inclusivity and exclusivity, and a matrix comparison study was done for six food matrixes (raw beef trim, pasteurized liquid egg, raw salmon, cheddar cheese, Romaine lettuce, nonfat dry milk) and two environmental surfaces (stainless steel and polystyrene). Methods: Solus One Salmonella was compared with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual Chapter 5: Salmonella (July 2018) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service Microbiology Laboratory Manual, 4.09 (January 2017) in the matrix study. Both the manual and automated sample preparation methods were performed for cheddar cheese and stainless-steel environmental surfaces. Results: For the inclusivity and exclusivity evaluation, Solus One Salmonella correctly detected all 108 target organism isolates and correctly excluded all 35 nontarget strains that were analyzed. Conclusions: In the method comparison study, both Solus One Salmonella manual and automated sample preparation methods demonstrated no significant differences based on probability of detection (POD) statistical analysis between presumptive and confirmed results or between candidate and reference method results for the six food matrixes after 20-22 h and two environmental surfaces after 16-20 h of enrichment time. POD analysis of Solus One Salmonella method robustness, product consistency, and stability studies using the automated sample preparation method demonstrated no statistically significant differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Higgins
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Urquhart
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Kelly
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Illingworth
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nevin Perera
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Bastin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Patrick Bird
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - M James Agin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - David Goins
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740
| | | | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON L3T 4K6, Canada
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16
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Kerr DE, Shen G, Lienau AH, Kaur M, Immermann AL, Feldsine PT, John L, Chen Y, Brodsky M, Ziemer W. Comparative Validation Study to Demonstrate the Equivalence of an Alternate Next-Day Enrichment Protocol for VIP ® Gold for Salmonella Method to Culture Methods for the Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods and Environmental Surfaces. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:815-827. [PMID: 30446026 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: VIP® Gold for Salmonella is a lateral flow immunodetection device that was validated by AOAC in 1999 as Official Method of Analysis 999.09. It was improved upon in 2009 by introducing gold colloid as the detection method. Objective: A simple next-day enrichment protocol using modified enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli media was developed for the VIP Gold for Salmonella to improve the time-to-results and laboratory work flow. Methods: We tested 128 Salmonella strains, representing all serotypes from A to Z and 51 to 66 as well as 50 non-Salmonella strains for inclusivity/exclusivity. Performance of the VIP using the new enrichment protocol was compared with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook reference culture procedure for the detection of Salmonella in ready-to-eat poultry, roast beef, and chicken carcass rinsate. VIP performance was also compared with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) for the detection of Salmonella from raw spinach, raw almonds, raw pasta, and environmental surfaces (stainless steel, rubber, and plastic). Results: The VIP detected all 128 of Salmonella strains and none of the 50 non-Salmonella strains. There was no statistically significant difference in the numbers of positive results with VIP Gold for Salmonella protocol compared with appropriate USDA-Food Safety and Inspection Service or FDA-BAM reference methods for any of these matrixes. Conclusions: This new enrichment protocol has met all the requirements to be approved as a Performance Tested MethodSM. Highlights: The new enrichment protocol will improve the time-to-results and allow quicker decisions about the contamination of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Kerr
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - George Shen
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Amy L Immermann
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | | | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON L3T 4K6, Canada
| | - Wayne Ziemer
- Consultant, 1301 Kristen Ln, Loganville, GA 30052
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17
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Jiang Y, Shen J, Xue F, Zhao L, Yang J, Shao J, Zhu C, Su J, Chen Y, Brodsky M, Salfinger Y. Validation of the Tadpole TM Campylobacter jejuni Real-Time PCR Identification Kit. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:842-854. [PMID: 30454080 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The gene-based real-time PCR method for identification of Campylobacter jejuni is more simple, rapid and accurate than the traditional biochemical method. Objective: A performance validation of the TadpoleTMCampylobacter jejuni Real-Time PCR Identification Kit was performed. Method: The assay uses TaqMan Real-time PCR technology to amplify target genes from isolated colonies. Bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from inclusivity and exclusivity organisms cultured on Columbia Blood Agar, Campy-Cefex agar and modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate was extracted and analyzed on three instruments: Applied Biosystems (ABI) 7500 Fast, ABI StepOne Plus and Bio-Rad CFX96. Results: When 57 distinct strains of C. jejuni were tested for inclusivity, all 57 strains produced positive results on the three instruments. In exclusivity testing, all 35 strains of related organisms, including 7 non-target Campylobacter strains and other common species, produced negative results on the three instruments. The Independent Laboratory validation consisting of an inclusivity and exclusivity evaluation for 10 C. jejuni isolates and 10 nontarget Campylobacter isolates also showed 100% expected results on the three instruments. In addition, in robustness testing, small, deliberate changes to the assay parameters, including cell suspension turbidity, heat lysis time, and DNA template volume in the PCR reaction, did not affect the kit performance. Finally, the combined lot-to-lot and stability study on both the ABI 7500 Fast and the ABI StepOne Plus showed that the 11 C. jejuni strains and 5 nontarget Campylobacter strains can be correctly identified by the three independently manufactured, lots and it supported a shelf life of 9 months when stored at -20°C. Conclusions: The Tadpole method offers a rapid, accurate, and robust alternative for C. jejuni identification. Highlights: Rapid and accurate method to identify C. jejuni, which has a good robustness and high stability. It is flexible and offers the advantages of reduced labor and time saving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Shanghai Customs, 13 Zhongshan East 1st Rd, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jinling Shen
- Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Technical Center of Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, 1208 Minsheng Rd, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1 Weigang Rd, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Technical Center of Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, 1208 Minsheng Rd, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jielin Yang
- Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Technical Center of Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, 1208 Minsheng Rd, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jingdong Shao
- Technology Center of Zhangjiagang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, 59 Renmin Middle Rd, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, 41 Beiwei Rd, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Jing Su
- Suzhou Tadpole Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 218 Xinghu St, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, 5001 Campus Dr, College Park, MD 20740
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON L3T 4K6, Canada
| | - Yvonne Salfinger
- Consultant, Association of Public Health Laboratories, 1488 Madison St, Denver, CO 80206
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18
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Kerr DE, Shen G, Lienau AH, Deng T, Kaur M, Immermann AL, Feldsine PT, John L, Chen Y, Brodsky M, Ziemer W. Comparative Validation Study to Demonstrate the Equivalence of an Alternate Next-Day Enrichment Protocol for the TRANSIA ® PLATE Salmonella Gold Method to Culture Methods for the Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods and Environmental Surfaces. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:828-841. [PMID: 30454077 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
TRANSIA® PLATE Salmonella Gold is an ELISA that was validated by Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR) in 2001 and as a Performance Tested MethodSM (PTM) by AOAC in 2006 (PTM No. 010602) as a two-step enrichment protocol requiring 48 h. A simple next-day enrichment protocol using modified Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli media was developed for the TRANSIA PLATE Salmonella Gold to improve the time-to-results and laboratory work flow. We tested 128 Salmonella strains, representing all serotypes from A though Z and 51-66. TRANSIA PLATE Salmonella Gold detected all 128 of these strains. None of the 50 non-Salmonella strains were detected by TRANSIA PLATE Salmonella Gold. Performance of TRANSIA PLATE Salmonella Gold using the new enrichment protocol was compared with U.S. Department of Agriculture Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook reference culture procedure for the detection of Salmonella in ready-to-eat poultry, ready-to-eat beef, and chicken carcass rinsate. In addition, TRANSIA PLATE Salmonella Gold performance was compared with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) for the detection of Salmonella from raw spinach, raw almonds, raw pasta, and environmental surfaces (stainless steel, rubber, and plastic). There was no statistically significant difference in the numbers of positive results TRANSIA PLATE Salmonella Gold protocol compared with the appropriate U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service or FDA-BAM reference methods for any of these matrixes. Robustness testing demonstrated that the introduction of small changes in the normal assay parameters had no impact on the method performance. This new enrichment protocol has been approved as a Third Level modification to Performance Tested Method 010602.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Kerr
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - George Shen
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Ta Deng
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Amy L Immermann
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Lisa John
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, Rm 3E-021, College Park, MD 20740
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON L3T 4K6, Canada
| | - Wayne Ziemer
- Independent Consultant, 1301 Kristen Ln, Loganville, GA 30052
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19
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Sousa JM, Rocha R, Cerqueira L, Almeida C, Azevedo NF, Bastin B, Bird P, Benzinger MJ, Agin J, Goins D, Chen Y, Brodsky M, Odumoru J. Validation of Biomode S.A. Probe4Cronobacter TM for the Identification of Cronobacter spp. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:855-864. [PMID: 30458901 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Probe4Cronobacter test kit is based on the use of a fluorescence-labeled peptide nucleic acid probe (PNA) allied to fluorescence microscopy. A sample is taken after a 24 h enrichment of rehydrated 30 g portions of powdered infant formula (PIF). The method uses ready to use dropper solutions applied directly in the sample. This simple process takes less than 2 h to provide a result. In the presence of Cronobacter species, bright red rod-shaped cells will be visible under a fluorescence microscope. Objective: Probe4Cronobacter validation as a new method for the detection Cronobacter species in Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) under the AOAC Performance Tested MethodsSM (License No. 081702). Methods: The validation study encompassed matrix comparison study, inclusivity and exclusivity testing and robustness studies (stability, kit variation, and ruggedness). Results: The inclusivity and exclusivity testing (50 and 35 strains, respectively) yielded no false negative or false positive results. Probe4Cronobacter was compared to the ISO/TS 22964:2006 in 30 g of PIF samples within method comparison in an unpaired study. A total of 30 samples with both low and high level of inoculation were analyzed by Probe4Cronobacter and compared to the same number of samples screened by ISO/TS 22964:2006. No statistically significant differences between presumptive and confirmed results or between candidate and reference method results were observed. Robustness studies showed a high level of consistency and integrity of the kit when different parameters were varied. The deviation conditions tested did not affect the performance of the kit. Conclusions: Probe4Cronobacter test kit has shown to be a accurate, highly sensitive and robust methods for the detection of Cronobacter spp. in PIF samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mário Sousa
- Biomode 2, S.A., Edifício GNRation, Praça Conde Agrologo nº123, Braga 4700-312, Portugal
| | - Rui Rocha
- Biomode 2, S.A., Edifício GNRation, Praça Conde Agrologo nº123, Braga 4700-312, Portugal
| | - Laura Cerqueira
- Biomode 2, S.A., Edifício GNRation, Praça Conde Agrologo nº123, Braga 4700-312, Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- Biomode 2, S.A., Edifício GNRation, Praça Conde Agrologo nº123, Braga 4700-312, Portugal
| | - Nuno F Azevedo
- Biomode 2, S.A., Edifício GNRation, Praça Conde Agrologo nº123, Braga 4700-312, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Bastin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Patrick Bird
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | | | - James Agin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - David Goins
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON L3T 4K6, Canada
| | - Joseph Odumoru
- University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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20
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Sandoval OE, Lingaraju NB, Imany P, Leaird DE, Brodsky M, Weiner AM. Polarization diversity phase modulator for measuring frequency-bin entanglement of a biphoton frequency comb in a depolarized channel. Opt Lett 2019; 44:1674-1677. [PMID: 30933119 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.001674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phase modulation has emerged as a technique to create and manipulate high-dimensional frequency-bin entanglement. A necessary step to extending this technique to depolarized channels, such as those in a quantum networking environment, is the ability to perform phase modulation independent of photon polarization. This is also necessary to harness hyperentanglement in the polarization and frequency degrees of freedom for operations such as Bell state discrimination. However, practical phase modulators are generally sensitive to the polarization of light, and this makes them unsuited to such applications. We overcome this limitation by implementing a polarization diversity scheme to measure frequency-bin entanglement for arbitrary orientations of co- and cross-polarized time-energy entangled photon pairs.
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21
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Tonner E, Kelly S, Illingworth S, Perera N, Bastin B, Bird P, Joseph Benzinger M, Agin J, Goins D, Chen Y, Salfinger Y, Brodsky M. Evaluation of the Solus One Listeria Method for the Detection of Listeria Species on Environmental Surfaces. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:570-579. [PMID: 30053917 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Solus One Listeria is designed to accurately detect Listeria species (Listeria grayi, L. innocua, L. ivanovii, L. marthii, L. monocytogenes, L. seeligeri, and L. welshimeri) from stainless steel and plastic environmental surface matrixes using an antibody-based technology test system paired with proprietary SOLO+ media and combined with manual or automated sample preparation method. Objective: Solus One Listeria was evaluated for inclusivity and exclusivity and a matrix comparison study for two environmental surfaces. Methods: Solus One Listeria was compared with the following reference method for the method comparison study: the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual Chapter 10 from stainless steel and plastic environmental surfaces. Both the manual and automated preparation methods were performed for stainless steel and plastic environmental surfaces. Results: For the inclusivity and exclusivity evaluation, Solus One Listeria correctly identified all 50 target organism isolates and correctly excluded all 30 nontarget strains that were analyzed. In the method comparison study, both Solus One Listeria manual and automated preparation methods demonstrated no significant differences based on probability of detection statistical analysis between presumptive and confirmed results or between candidate and reference method results for two environmental surfaces after 22-30 h of enrichment time. Probability of detection analysis of Solus One Listeria method robustness, product consistency (lot-to-lot), and stability studies using the automated preparation method demonstrated no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The data from the study support the product claims of Solus One Listeria for the accurate detection of Listeria species, using both the manual and automated methods (using the Dynex DS2 instrument), on both environmental surfaces analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Tonner
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Kelly
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Illingworth
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nevin Perera
- Solus Scientific Solutions, Ltd, 9 Mansfield Networkcentre, Millennium Business Park, Concorde Way, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 7JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Bastin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Patrick Bird
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | | | - James Agin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - David Goins
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740
| | | | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, Ontario L3T 4K6, Canada
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Liu DQ, Sato M, Tan WL, Khoo GPW, Fisher K, Meibers H, Wei Foo DG, Sen Phang HC, Bird P, Joseph Benzinger M, Crowley E, Agin J, Goins D, Tiong Chiew PK, Pin Tan RS, Salfinger Y, Brodsky M, Odumeru J. The Validation of the VereBeef™ Detection Kit. J AOAC Int 2019; 102:508-524. [PMID: 30205867 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
VereBeef™ Detection Kit, incorporating both multiplex PCR and microarray technologies on a lab-on-chip platform, is intended for qualitative detection and differentiation of Escherichia coli O157:H7, E. coli O26, E. coli O45, E. coli O103, E. coli O111, E. coli O121, E. coli O145, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) virulence factors (stx1A, stx2A, eae), and Salmonella species in one test using raw beef trim samples. This product underwent extensive evaluations, including inclusivity-exclusivity, method comparison, robustness, lot-to-lot variability, and stability studies. The inclusivity/exclusivity study demonstrated that VereBeef Detection Kit specifically detects and identifies target analytes without occurrence of false-positive and false-negative detection. In the method comparison study, the performance of the VereBeef Detection Kit was compared with U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook's methods for target organism detection in raw beef trim using E. coli O157:H7 single inoculation and Salmonella and non-O157 STEC dual inoculation. Data demonstrated equivalence in both methods. The robustness study showed that changes in the test parameters do not impact assay performance. Collectively, VereBeef Detection Kit is able to detect target pathogens in raw beef trim with a minimum enrichment time of 8 h for E. coli O157:H7 detection and 10 h for Salmonella and non-O157 STEC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Qian Liu
- Veredus Laboratories Pte Ltd, 83 Science Park Dr #04-02, The Curie, Singapore Science Park 1, Singapore 118258
| | - Mitsuharu Sato
- Veredus Laboratories Pte Ltd, 83 Science Park Dr #04-02, The Curie, Singapore Science Park 1, Singapore 118258
| | - Wei Ling Tan
- Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Veterinary Public Health Centre, 10 Perahu Rd, Singapore 718837
| | - Grace Pei Wen Khoo
- Veredus Laboratories Pte Ltd, 83 Science Park Dr #04-02, The Curie, Singapore Science Park 1, Singapore 118258
| | - Kiel Fisher
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Hannah Meibers
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Damian Guang Wei Foo
- Veredus Laboratories Pte Ltd, 83 Science Park Dr #04-02, The Curie, Singapore Science Park 1, Singapore 118258
| | - Helen Choon Sen Phang
- Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Veterinary Public Health Centre, 10 Perahu Rd, Singapore 718837
| | - Patrick Bird
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | | | - Erin Crowley
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - James Agin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - David Goins
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 1400 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Paul King Tiong Chiew
- Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Veterinary Public Health Centre, 10 Perahu Rd, Singapore 718837
| | - Rosemary Sok Pin Tan
- Veredus Laboratories Pte Ltd, 83 Science Park Dr #04-02, The Curie, Singapore Science Park 1, Singapore 118258
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Banerjee K, Pierson B, Carrier E, Malsick L, Hu C, Daudenarde S, Brownell D, Koeris M, Crowley E, Bird P, Benzinger MJ, Flannery J, Mastalerz A, Agin J, Goins D, Salfinger Y, Brodsky M, Ziemer W. Validation of Workflow Changes, Phage Concentration and Reformatted Detection Threshold for the Sample6 DETECT/L™ Test: Level 3 Modification. J AOAC Int 2019; 101:1895-1904. [PMID: 30368258 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.17-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The AOAC Research Institute Performance Tested MethodsSM Program certified Sample6 DETECT/L™ in April 2014 (Certification No. 041401) for the detection of Listeria species (L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. ivanovii, L. seeligeri, L. marthii, L. welshimeri) on stainless steel environmental surfaces. A modification was approved in January 2016, increasing the concentration of sanitizer-neutralizing reagents in detection reagents, increasing the number of phage in the detection solution, and increasing the sample test volume. Moreover, changes to reduce the number of negative controls and add compatibility with polyurethane sponges were also approved. In this modification, to ensure that DETECT/L continues to meet performance expectations, Sample6 evaluated workflow changes to enhance sensitivity and the ease-of-use of the assay. Changes to the phage concentration and detection threshold, plus the inclusion of a confirmation step (DETECT Check), were validated to obtain better accuracy and optimize assay performance. Inclusivity, exclusivity, and robustness testing were conducted by Sample6 to evaluate the changes. A third-party laboratory compared the DETECT/L assay and the U.S. Department of Agriculture reference method in a stainless steel environmental surface matrix study. The data presented in this report demonstrate that the changes proposed to the DETECT/L assay meet or exceed the performance in the current configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chuxuan Hu
- Sample6, 12 Gill St, Suite 4200, Woburn, MA 01801
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James Agin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | | | | | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON L3T 4K6, Canada
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Vitullo DLP, Gardosi G, Zaki S, Tokmakov KV, Brodsky M, Sumetsky M. Discovery of parabolic microresonators produced via fiber tapering. Opt Lett 2018; 43:4977-4980. [PMID: 30320798 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.004977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new method for the creation of surface nanoscale axial photonics (SNAP) microresonators with harmonic profiles via fiber tapering in a laser-heated microfurnace. This simple procedure makes microresonators that support hundreds of axial modes with good spacing uniformity, yielding a promising prospective method for fabricating miniature frequency comb generators and dispersionless delay lines.
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Vitullo DLP, Zaki S, Gardosi G, Mangan BJ, Windeler RS, Brodsky M, Sumetsky M. Tunable SNAP microresonators via internal ohmic heating. Opt Lett 2018; 43:4316-4319. [PMID: 30160716 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.004316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a thermally tunable surface nanoscale axial photonics (SNAP) platform. Stable tuning is achieved by heating a SNAP structure fabricated on the surface of a silica capillary with a metal wire positioned inside. Heating a SNAP microresonator with a uniform wire introduces uniform variation of its effective radius which results in constant shift of its resonance wavelengths. Heating with a nonuniform wire allows local nanoscale variation of the capillary effective radius, which enables differential tuning of the spectrum of SNAP structures, as well as the creation of temporary SNAP microresonators that exist only when current is applied. As an example, we fabricate two bottle microresonators coupled to each other and demonstrate differential tuning of their resonance wavelengths into and out of degeneracy with precision better than 0.2 pm. The developed approach is beneficial for ultra-precise fabrication of tunable ultralow loss parity-time symmetric, optomechanical, and cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) devices.
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Abstract
The MC-Media Pad ACplus™ is a dry, rehydratable film medium for the enumeration of aerobic bacterial colonies. The performance of the method in a variety of foods was compared to that of U.S. reference methods: U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook (MLG) Chapter 3.02 "Quantitative Analysis of Bacteria in Foods as Sanitary Indicators" (USDA/FSIS MLG 3.02); Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products (SMEDP) Chapter 6 "Microbiological Count Methods, Standard Plate Count Method" (SMEDP 6); AOAC Official MethodSM 966.23 Microbiological Methods; and ISO 4833-1:2013 "Microbiology of the food chain-Horizontal method for the enumeration of microorganisms-Part 1: Colony count at 30 degrees C by the pour plate technique." The validated matrixes included raw chicken breast and raw ground pork for USDA/FSIS MLG 3.02; cream cheese and yogurt drink for SMEDP 6; parsley, vegetable juice, prawns, tuna pate, sandwiches, and pasta salad for AOAC Method 966.23, and raw chicken breast, raw ground pork, cream cheese, yogurt drink, parsley, vegetable juice, prawns, tuna pate, sandwiches, and pasta salad for ISO 4833-1:2013. In each matrix study, five replicates at each of three contamination levels were tested as paired test portions. All 10 matrixes were compared to the appropriate U.S. reference methods under MC-Media Pad ACplus standard-usage conditions (35 ± 1°C for 48 ± 2 h). Across all matrixes, the difference of mean log10 values ranged from -0.43 to 0.44, within the acceptable range of -0.50 to 0.50. The candidate method repeatability SD (sr) varied from 0.03 to 0.23 log10 CFU/g, comparing favorably to the reference method SD, which ranged from 0.06 to 0.30 log10 CFU/g. Seven matrixes were compared to the appropriate U.S. reference methods under MC-Media Pad ACplus rapid-usage conditions (35 ± 1°C for 24 ± 2 h). Of the 21 matrix/concentration combinations, only three instances of difference of mean >0.5 log were observed. The ranges of sr values of the rapid-usage candidate method (0.023-0.324) and the reference method (0.013-0.236) were similar for the seven matrixes tested. All 10 matrixes were compared to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) reference method under MC-Media Pad ACplus alternate-method conditions (30 ± 1°C for 72 ± 3 h). All 10 matrixes yielded a mean difference between methods of <0.5 log, and the ranges of sr values were similar between the candidate alternate method (0.037-0.378) and the ISO reference method (0.037-0.437). The product consistency study demonstrated no significant difference between lots of product and supported the 2-year shelf life. Robustness testing yielded no significant differences when small variations were made in sample volume, incubation temperature, and incubation time. Thus, the data show equivalent or better performance of the MC-Media Pad ACplus method compared to the relevant reference methods in support of AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM certification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Teramura
- JNC Corp., Yokohama Research Center, 5-1, Ookawa, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8605, Japan
| | - Gail Betts
- Campden BRI Ltd, Station Rd, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire GL55 6LD, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Crescent, Thornhill, ON, Canada L3T 4K6
| | - Yvonne Salfinger
- Consultant, Association of Public Health Laboratories, 1488 Madison St, No. 501, Denver, CO 80206
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Teramura H, Betts G, Chen Y, Brodsky M, Salfinger Y. MC-Media Pad SA (Sanita-kun SA) for the Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in a Variety of Foods. J AOAC Int 2018; 101:456-467. [PMID: 28807093 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.17-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MC-Media Pad SA (formerly known as Sanita-kun SA) is a dry rehydratable film medium for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus. The performance of the method in a variety of foods was compared with that of ISO 6888-1:1999, Microbiology of Food and Animal Feeding Stuffs - Horizontal Method for the Enumeration of Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and Other Species) - Part 1: Technique Using Baird-Parker Agar Medium. The validated matrixes included pastrami, a sliced cooked chicken roll, cooked prawns, cold-smoked salmon, pasta salad, sandwich spread, fresh uncooked pasta, infant cereal, custard, and raw-milk Brie cheese. In the matrix study, five replicates at each of three contamination levels were tested as paired test portions. Across all matrixes, the difference in mean log10 values ranged from -0.32 to 0.10, which was within the acceptable range of -0.50 to 0.50. Thus, all 10 matrixes met the acceptance criterion at all concentration levels. Further, only two matrixes, cooked prawns and raw-milk Brie cheese, had 95% confidence limits outside the -0.50 to 0.50 criterion, and these were at the lowest concentration level for each matrix. The candidate method sr varied from 0.03 to 0.22 log10 CFU/g. This compares favorably with the reference method SD, which ranged from 0.06 to 0.30 log10 CFU/g. The candidate and reference methods detected 51 of 53 inclusivity strains, with both methods not detecting the same two strains. The candidate method did not detect any of the 32 exclusivity strains, whereas the reference method did not detect 30 of the 32 exclusivity strains; the 2 strains detected by the reference method were S. delphini and S. hyicus, both developing atypical colonies on Baird-Parker plates. The product consistency study demonstrated no significant difference between lots of product and supported the 1 year shelf life. Robustness testing yielded no significant differences when small variations were made in sample volume, incubation temperature, and incubation time. Thus, the data show equivalent or better performance of the Sanita-kun SA/MC-Media Pad SA method compared with the International Organization for Standardization reference method, in support of AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM certification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Teramura
- JNC Corp., Yokohama Research Center, 5-1 Ookawa, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan 236-8605
| | - Gail Betts
- Campden BRI Ltd, Station Rd, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire GL55 6LD, United KingdomSubmitting CompanyJNC Corp., Yokohama Research Center, 5-1 Ookawa, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan 236-8605Independent LaboratoryCampden BRI Ltd, Station Rd, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire GL55 6LD, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Park, MD 20740
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Brodsky Consultants, 73 Donnamora Cres., Thornhill, ON, Canada L3T 4K6
| | - Yvonne Salfinger
- Association of Public Health Laboratories, 1488 Madison St, No. 501, Denver, CO 80206
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Maroni B, Lopez T, Neal C, Verver S, Puente C, Lauffer J, Garcia J, Groschel B, Dreyling E, Chaney WE, Bastin B, Bird P, Benzinger MJ, Agin J, Goins D, Hariram U, Chen Y, Ryser E, Brodsky M. Method Modification for the Atlas Listeria Environmental LE Detection Assay Using FoodChek Actero Listeria Enrichment Media and Half-Fraser Media for the Detection of Listeria spp. from Environmental Surfaces. J AOAC Int 2018; 101:562-576. [PMID: 28859699 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.17-0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two candidate method modifications for the Atlas Listeria Environmental LE Detection Assay were compared with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Food Safety and Inspection Service Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook 8.09 (MLG 8.09) method for detection of Listeria spp. on stainless steel, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and sealed concrete surfaces. For LE candidate method 1, samples were enriched in FoodChek Actero Listeria Enrichment Media [ALEM; Performance Tested MethodSM (PTM) 111201] at 35 ± 2°C for 18 to 24 h and evaluated for a range of analytical sample volumes. For LE candidate method 2, the current Roka PTM using 90 mL of Half-Fraser broth for enrichment at 35 ± 2°C was evaluated at 24 h with a reduced sample volume. These comparisons were made in multiple studies across the three environmental surfaces. Within each method and study, a total of 5 samples were uninoculated, 20 samples were inoculated with Listeria spp. at a low level to target fractional positivity, and 5 samples were inoculated with Listeria spp. at a high level to approach a probability of detection of 1. Inclusivity and exclusivity studies were also conducted for the LE method in combination with Half-Fraser and ALEM. The Atlas Listeria Environmental LE Detection Assay detected all 50 inclusive organisms, including 25 strains of L. monocytogenes and 5 strains of each of the other five common species of Listeria (L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. ivanovii, L. seeligeri, and L. grayi) and none of the 30 exclusive organisms across all media and with both 200 and 2000 µL sample volumes. For the LE candidate method 1 studies, no significant differences were observed within the Roka ALEM method at 18, 20, or 24 h and for both the 200 and 2000 µL sample volumes as compared with the paired culture outcome. However, the ALEM method performed significantly better as compared with the unpaired reference method for sealed concrete and stainless steel. For the LE candidate method 2 studies, no significant differences were observed within the Roka HF method at 24 h for the 200 and 2000 µL samples as compared with the paired culture outcomes and unpaired reference method outcomes across the surfaces. The independent laboratory studies observed no significant differences in performance between the USDA/MLG 8.09 reference method and candidate methods 1 or 2, respectively, across the evaluated parameters. Overall, the candidate method 1 modification parameters and candidate method 2 sample parameters for the Atlas Listeria Environmental LE Detection Assay were statistically equivalent to or better than the reference method for detection of Listeria spp. on stainless steel, PVC, and sealed concrete surfaces, providing greater flexibility in method application for end users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Maroni
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Tucker Lopez
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Cambria Neal
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Sarah Verver
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Celina Puente
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Jannelle Lauffer
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Joseph Garcia
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Bettina Groschel
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - Erin Dreyling
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | - W Evan Chaney
- Submitting CompanyRoka Bioscience Inc., 10398 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121Independent Laboratories
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Upasana Hariram
- Merieux NutriSciences, Silliker Food Science Center, Crete, IL
| | - Yi Chen
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD
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Fahlman A, Brodsky M, Wells R, McHugh K, Allen J, Barleycorn A, Sweeney JC, Fauquier D, Moore M. Field energetics and lung function in wild bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, in Sarasota Bay Florida. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:171280. [PMID: 29410836 PMCID: PMC5792913 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We measured respiratory flow rates, and expired O2 in 32 (2-34 years, body mass [Mb] range: 73-291 kg) common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) during voluntary breaths on land or in water (between 2014 and 2017). The data were used to measure the resting O2 consumption rate ([Formula: see text], range: 0.76-9.45 ml O2 min-1 kg-1) and tidal volume (VT, range: 2.2-10.4 l) during rest. For adult dolphins, the resting VT, but not [Formula: see text], correlated with body mass (Mb, range: 141-291 kg) with an allometric mass-exponent of 0.41. These data suggest that the mass-specific VT of larger dolphins decreases considerably more than that of terrestrial mammals (mass-exponent: 1.03). The average resting [Formula: see text] was similar to previously published metabolic measurements from the same species. Our data indicate that the resting metabolic rate for a 150 kg dolphin would be 3.9 ml O2 min-1 kg-1, and the metabolic rate for active animals, assuming a multiplier of 3-6, would range from 11.7 to 23.4 ml O2 min-1 kg-1.\absbreak Our measurements provide novel data for resting energy use and respiratory physiology in wild cetaceans, which may have significant value for conservation efforts and for understanding the bioenergetic requirements of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Fahlman
- Fundación Oceanografic de la Comunidad Valenciana, Gran Vía Marques del Turia 19, 46005 Valencia, Spain
- Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd., MS# 50, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1050, USA
| | - M. Brodsky
- Micah Brodsky, V.M.D. Consulting, Miami Shores, FL 33138, USA
| | - R. Wells
- Chicago Zoological Society's Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA
| | - K. McHugh
- Chicago Zoological Society's Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA
| | - J. Allen
- Chicago Zoological Society's Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA
| | - A. Barleycorn
- Chicago Zoological Society's Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA
| | - J. C. Sweeney
- Dolphin Quest, Oahu, 5000 Kahala Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA
| | - D. Fauquier
- Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program, Office of Protected Resources, NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, 1315 East-West Highway, Room 13620, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - M. Moore
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd., MS# 50, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1050, USA
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Abrouk M, Gandy J, Nakamura M, Lee K, Brodsky M, Singh R, Zhu H, Farahnik B, Bhutani T, Koo J. Secukinumab in the Treatment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Review of the Literature. Skin Therapy Lett 2017; 22:1-6. [PMID: 28732152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While there are several commercially available treatment options for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, there remains a large number of individuals who are refractory to current modalities. In the recent past, there has been increasing evidence that interleukin (IL)-17 plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. Preclinical, phase II, and phase III studies of secukinumab (Cosentyx®) targeting IL-17 and its receptor have thus far proved to be promising. We reviewed the results of phase II and phase III clinical trials for secukinumab in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Only published studies were considered in the present review. We also performed an English language literature search from January 2003 to September 2015 using PubMed with any of the following key words: (secukinumab OR AIN457) AND (psoriasis OR psoriatic arthritis). In our review of the literature, seven phase III and five phase II clinical trials, as well as open-label extension studies with unpublished findings were found. Results from phase III clinical trials indicated secukinumab to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis according to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) scores. The safety profile of this agent was similar across all studies, with the most frequently reported adverse events of nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory infections, headache, and injection site reaction. Secukinumab demonstrates rapid and robust clinical improvement accompanied by a favorable short- term safety profile. The results of the phase III trials continue to reinforce the theory that the IL-17 pathway is an essential target in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treatment. Additional extension studies of lower level evidence are needed to further understand the safety profile of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abrouk
- Irvine School of Medicine, University of California, CA, USA
| | - J Gandy
- Irvine School of Medicine, University of California, CA, USA
| | - M Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis and Skin Treatment Center, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis and Skin Treatment Center, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Brodsky
- Irvine School of Medicine, University of California, CA, USA
| | - R Singh
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H Zhu
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Farahnik
- The Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - T Bhutani
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis and Skin Treatment Center, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Koo
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis and Skin Treatment Center, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Fahlman A, van der Hoop J, Moore MJ, Levine G, Rocho-Levine J, Brodsky M. Response to 'On the importance of understanding physiology when estimating energetics in cetaceans'. Biol Open 2017; 6:307-308. [PMID: 28202473 PMCID: PMC5312109 DOI: 10.1242/bio.023143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary: Our paper highlights how temporal changes in tidal volume and the oxygen exchange ratio significantly affect the accuracy of models that use only breathing frequency to estimate metabolic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fahlman
- Fundación Oceanogràfic, c/Gran Vía Marqués del Turia 19, 46005, Valencia, Spain .,Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - J van der Hoop
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - M J Moore
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - G Levine
- Dolphin Quest, Oahu, 5000 Kahala Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA
| | - J Rocho-Levine
- Dolphin Quest, Oahu, 5000 Kahala Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA
| | - M Brodsky
- V.M.D. Consulting, Miami, FL 33138, USA
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32
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Fahlman A, van der Hoop J, Moore MJ, Levine G, Rocho-Levine J, Brodsky M. Estimating energetics in cetaceans from respiratory frequency: why we need to understand physiology. Biol Open 2016; 5:436-42. [PMID: 26988759 PMCID: PMC4890674 DOI: 10.1242/bio.017251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate estimation of field metabolic rates (FMR) in wild animals is a key component of bioenergetic models, and is important for understanding the routine limitations for survival as well as individual responses to disturbances or environmental changes. Several methods have been used to estimate FMR, including accelerometer-derived activity budgets, isotope dilution techniques, and proxies from heart rate. Counting the number of breaths is another method used to assess FMR in cetaceans, which is attractive in its simplicity and the ability to measure respiration frequency from visual cues or data loggers. This method hinges on the assumption that over time a constant tidal volume (VT) and O2 exchange fraction (ΔO2) can be used to predict FMR. To test whether this method of estimating FMR is valid, we measured breath-by-breath tidal volumes and expired O2 levels of bottlenose dolphins, and computed the O2 consumption rate (V̇O2) before and after a pre-determined duration of exercise. The measured V̇O2 was compared with three methods to estimate FMR. Each method to estimate V̇O2 included variable VT and/or ΔO2. Two assumption-based methods overestimated V̇O2 by 216-501%. Once the temporal changes in cardio-respiratory physiology, such as variation in VT and ΔO2, were taken into account, pre-exercise resting V̇O2 was predicted to within 2%, and post-exercise V̇O2 was overestimated by 12%. Our data show that a better understanding of cardiorespiratory physiology significantly improves the ability to estimate metabolic rate from respiratory frequency, and further emphasizes the importance of eco-physiology for conservation management efforts. Summary: Accounting for changes in tidal volume and gas exchange improves the ability to estimate field metabolic rate from respiratory frequency in cetaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fahlman
- Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA Oceanográfic, Research Department , Carrer Eduardo Primo Yúfera 1B, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - J van der Hoop
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - M J Moore
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - G Levine
- Dolphin Quest, Oahu, 5000 Kahala Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA
| | - J Rocho-Levine
- Dolphin Quest, Oahu, 5000 Kahala Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816, USA
| | - M Brodsky
- V.M.D. Consulting, Miami, FL 33138, USA
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Fuller M, Priyadarshini M, Gibbons SM, Angueira AR, Brodsky M, Hayes MG, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Bäckhed F, Gilbert JA, Lowe WL, Layden BT. The short-chain fatty acid receptor, FFA2, contributes to gestational glucose homeostasis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 309:E840-51. [PMID: 26394664 PMCID: PMC4838121 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00171.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the human gastrointestinal microbiota can change during pregnancy, which may influence gestational metabolism; however, a mechanism of action remains unclear. Here we observed that in wild-type (WT) mice the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased during pregnancy. Along with these changes, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are mainly produced through gut microbiota fermentation, significantly changed in both the cecum and peripheral blood throughout gestation in these mice. SCFAs are recognized by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as free fatty acid receptor-2 (FFA2), and we have previously demonstrated that the fatty acid receptor-2 gene (Ffar2) expression is higher in pancreatic islets during pregnancy. Using female Ffar2-/- mice, we explored the physiological relevance of signaling through this GPCR and found that Ffar2-deficient female mice developed fasting hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in the setting of impaired insulin secretion compared with WT mice during, but not before, pregnancy. Insulin tolerance tests were similar in Ffar2-/- and WT mice before and during pregnancy. Next, we examined the role of FFA2 in gestational β-cell mass, observing that Ffar2-/- mice had diminished gestational expansion of β-cells during pregnancy. Interestingly, mouse genotype had no significant impact on the composition of the gut microbiome, but did affect the observed SCFA profiles, suggesting a functional difference in the microbiota. Together, these results suggest a potential link between increased Ffar2 expression in islets and the alteration of circulating SCFA levels, possibly explaining how changes in the gut microbiome contribute to gestational glucose homeostasis.
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MESH Headings
- Actinobacteria/classification
- Actinobacteria/growth & development
- Actinobacteria/isolation & purification
- Actinobacteria/metabolism
- Animals
- Bacteroidetes/classification
- Bacteroidetes/growth & development
- Bacteroidetes/isolation & purification
- Bacteroidetes/metabolism
- Cecum/metabolism
- Cecum/microbiology
- Diabetes, Gestational/blood
- Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism
- Diabetes, Gestational/microbiology
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/blood
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism
- Female
- Fermentation
- Gastrointestinal Contents/chemistry
- Gastrointestinal Contents/microbiology
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Insulin/blood
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin Secretion
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Typing
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Maintenance
- Principal Component Analysis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/agonists
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Tenericutes/classification
- Tenericutes/growth & development
- Tenericutes/isolation & purification
- Tenericutes/metabolism
- Tissue Culture Techniques
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Fuller
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Medha Priyadarshini
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sean M Gibbons
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
| | - Anthony R Angueira
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - William L Lowe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Cox A, Borel F, Li W, Brodsky M, Mueller C. 333. Simultaneous Disruption of Five SerpinA1 Genes in Mice Using CRISPR/Cas9 to Generate the First Animal Model of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33942-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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35
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Hoffman C, Green MS, Brodsky M. Autotriggering caused by cardiogenic oscillation during pressure support ventilation. Minerva Anestesiol 2015; 81:464-465. [PMID: 25586540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Hoffman
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA -
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Blatti C, Kazemian M, Wolfe S, Brodsky M, Sinha S. Integrating motif, DNA accessibility and gene expression data to build regulatory maps in an organism. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:3998-4012. [PMID: 25791631 PMCID: PMC4417154 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of cell type specific regulatory networks and elements is a major challenge in genomics, and emerging strategies frequently employ high-throughput genome-wide assays of transcription factor (TF) to DNA binding, histone modifications or chromatin state. However, these experiments remain too difficult/expensive for many laboratories to apply comprehensively to their system of interest. Here, we explore the potential of elucidating regulatory systems in varied cell types using computational techniques that rely on only data of gene expression, low-resolution chromatin accessibility, and TF–DNA binding specificities (‘motifs’). We show that static computational motif scans overlaid with chromatin accessibility data reasonably approximate experimentally measured TF–DNA binding. We demonstrate that predicted binding profiles and expression patterns of hundreds of TFs are sufficient to identify major regulators of ∼200 spatiotemporal expression domains in the Drosophila embryo. We are then able to learn reliable statistical models of enhancer activity for over 70 expression domains and apply those models to annotate domain specific enhancers genome-wide. Throughout this work, we apply our motif and accessibility based approach to comprehensively characterize the regulatory network of fruitfly embryonic development and show that the accuracy of our computational method compares favorably to approaches that rely on data from many experimental assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Blatti
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Majid Kazemian
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Scot Wolfe
- Program in Gene Function and Expression, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Michael Brodsky
- Program in Gene Function and Expression, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Fernandez H, Evidente V, Truong D, Brodsky M, Hanschmann A, Comella C, Jankovic J. Long-term treatment of blepharospasm and cervical dystonia: Incobotulinum /INS;toxin /INS;A is well tolerated when injected at flexible intervals based on patient needs. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brodsky M, Jankovic J, Truong D, Evidente V, Grafe S, Fernandez H. Repeated incobotulinumtoxinA injections with flexible dosing intervals in blepharospasm. Toxicon 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Layden BT, Angueira AR, Brodsky M, Durai V, Lowe WL. Short chain fatty acids and their receptors: new metabolic targets. Transl Res 2013; 161:131-40. [PMID: 23146568 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with aliphatic tails of different lengths, where short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) typically refer to carboxylic acids with aliphatic tails less than 6 carbons. In humans, SCFAs are derived in large part from fermentation of carbohydrates and proteins in the colon. By this process, the host is able to salvage energy from foods that cannot be processed normally in the upper parts of the gastrointestinal tract. In humans, SCFAs are a minor nutrient source, especially for people on Western diets. Intriguingly, recent studies, as highlighted here, have described multiple beneficial roles of SCFAs in the regulation of metabolism. Further interest in SCFAs has emerged due to the association of gut flora composition with obesity and other metabolic states. The recent identification of receptors specifically activated by SCFAs has further increased interest in this area. These receptors, free fatty acid receptor-2 and -3 (FFAR2 and FFAR3), are expressed not only in the gut epithelium where SCFAs are produced, but also at multiple other sites considered to be metabolically important, such as adipose tissue and pancreatic islets. Because of these relatively recent findings, studies examining the role of these receptors, FFAR2 and FFAR3, and their ligands, SCFAs, in metabolism are emerging. This review provides a critical analysis of SCFAs, their recently identified receptors, and their connection to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, USA.
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Barold SS, Kucher A, Nägele H, Buenfil Medina JC, Brodsky M, Van Heuverswyn FE, Stroobandt RX. Dissimilar ventricular rhythms: implications for ICD therapy. Heart Rhythm 2012; 10:510-6. [PMID: 23220687 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sensing of left ventricular (LV) activity in some devices used for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) was designed primarily to prevent the delivery of an LV stimulus into the LV vulnerable period. Such a sensing function of the LV channel is not universally available in contemporary CRT devices. Recordings of LV electrograms may provide special diagnostic data unavailable solely from the standard right ventricular electrogram and corresponding marker channel. We used the LV sensing function of Biotronik CRT defibrillators to find 3 cases of dissimilar ventricular rhythms or tachyarrhythmias. Such arrhythmias are potentially important because concomitant slower right ventricular activity may prevent or delay implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy for a life-threatening situation involving a faster and more serious LV tachyarrhythmia. Dissimilar ventricular rhythms may not be rare and may account for cases of unexplained sudden death with a normally functioning implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and no recorded terminal arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Serge Barold
- Florida Heart Rhythm Institute, Tampa, Florida 33615, USA.
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Brodsky M, Cho J, Fang J, Kim E, Cho Y, Song M. P02.02. Efficacy of a topical 0.1% Capsaicin hydrogel patch to treat chronic neck pain: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. BMC Complement Altern Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373919 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Brodsky M, Prikhodko S. P02.77. Case series to evaluate the efficacy of facial acupuncture to decrease skin roughness and depth of wrinkles in the glabellar area. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373570 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Evidente VG, Brodsky M, Gollomp S, Marx M, Hanschmann A, Jankovic J. IncobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin(R)) Is Well Tolerated for the Treatment of Blepharospasm When Injected According to Patient Needs (PD4.010). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.pd4.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Richard IH, McDermott MP, Kurlan R, Lyness JM, Como PG, Pearson N, Factor SA, Juncos J, Serrano Ramos C, Brodsky M, Manning C, Marsh L, Shulman L, Fernandez HH, Black KJ, Panisset M, Christine CW, Jiang W, Singer C, Horn S, Pfeiffer R, Rottenberg D, Slevin J, Elmer L, Press D, Hyson HC, McDonald W. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of antidepressants in Parkinson disease. Neurology 2012; 78:1229-36. [PMID: 22496199 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182516244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) in the treatment of depression in Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS A total of 115 subjects with PD were enrolled at 20 sites. Subjects were randomized to receive an SSRI (paroxetine; n = 42), an SNRI (venlafaxine extended release [XR]; n = 34), or placebo (n = 39). Subjects met DSM-IV criteria for a depressive disorder, or operationally defined subsyndromal depression, and scored >12 on the first 17 items of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). Subjects were followed for 12 weeks (6-week dosage adjustment, 6-week maintenance). Maximum daily dosages were 40 mg for paroxetine and 225 mg for venlafaxine XR. The primary outcome measure was change in the HAM-D score from baseline to week 12. RESULTS Treatment effects (relative to placebo), expressed as mean 12-week reductions in HAM-D score, were 6.2 points (97.5% confidence interval [CI] 2.2 to 10.3, p = 0.0007) in the paroxetine group and 4.2 points (97.5% CI 0.1 to 8.4, p = 0.02) in the venlafaxine XR group. No treatment effects were seen on motor function. CONCLUSIONS Both paroxetine and venlafaxine XR significantly improved depression in subjects with PD. Both medications were generally safe and well tolerated and did not worsen motor function. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class I evidence that paroxetine and venlafaxine XR are effective in treating depression in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Richard
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Luneau K, Blais C, Brodsky M, Boghen D. Familial Cold-Induced Transient Diplopia. Strabismus 2009; 16:85-8. [DOI: 10.1080/09273970802020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Starostina N, Brodsky M, Prikhodko S, Hoo CM, Mecartney ML, West P. J. Cosmet. Sci., 59, 225-232 (May/June 2008) AFM capabilities in characterization of particles and surfaces: from angstroms to microns. Int J Cosmet Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2009.00462_4.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chappie C, Herschorn S, Abrams P, Wang J, Brodsky M, Guan Z, Al-Gamal S, Ragab M, Abo Farha OM, Taha M. 184 TOLTERODINE EXTENDED RELEASE IMPROVES OVERACTIVE BLADDER SYMPTOMS IN MEN TREATED WITH α-BLOCKERS IRRESPECTIVE OF BASELINE SERUM PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN LEVEL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(09)60189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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48
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Oh JM, Brodsky M, Nelson LE, Cadena G, Feuer MD. Interferometric optical signal-to-noise ratio measurements of telecom signals with degraded extinction ratio. Opt Lett 2008; 33:2065-2067. [PMID: 18794932 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We measure full interferograms of telecom signals impaired by noise and investigate their applicability to in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring in practical systems. We experimentally establish that the dependence of overall shape of the interferogram on a signal's extinction ratio (ER) is strong but not unique. As the ER is being degraded the interferogram evolves in two distinct ways depending on the modulation conditions. The resulting ambiguity in the interferogram shape prevents OSNR measurements on completely unknown signals and necessitates a calibration for each modulator condition. With appropriate calibration, we experimentally demonstrate reliable OSNR measurements in the 5 to 25 dB range for 42.8 Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero, return-to-zero, and carrier-suppressed return-to-zero on-off-keyed signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Oh
- AT&T Labs-Research, 200 South Laurel Avenue, Middletown, NJ 07748, USA
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Coyne KS, Elinoff V, Gordon DA, Deng DY, Brodsky M, Glasser DB, Jumadilova Z, Carlsson M. Relationships between improvements in symptoms and patient assessments of bladder condition, symptom bother and health-related quality of life in patients with overactive bladder treated with tolterodine. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62:925-31. [PMID: 18479285 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Relationships were evaluated between treatment-related improvements in overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms as recorded in bladder diaries and patient-reported symptom bother, bladder-related problems and health-related quality of life (HRQL). METHODS A post hoc analysis was performed on data from patients with OAB (n = 863) enrolled in a 12-week open-label trial of tolterodine extended release (ER) in a primary care setting. At baseline and week 12, patients recorded every micturition, urgency episode and urgency urinary incontinence episode in 3-day bladder diaries. Patients also completed the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q) and Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC). Relationships between week 12 changes in bladder diary variables and OAB-q and PPBC scores were evaluated using Spearman correlations. RESULTS By week 12, tolterodine ER-related improvements in all bladder diary variables were significantly correlated with improvements on the PPBC (r = 0.26-0.36; p < 0.001), OAB-q Symptom Bother scale (r = 0.30-0.51; p < 0.001), and all OAB-q HRQL domains (r = -0.24 to -0.42; p < 0.001), although the correlations were generally small to moderate in size. Improvements on the PPBC were also significantly correlated with improvements on the OAB-q Symptom Bother scale (r = 0.63; p < 0.001) and all HRQL domains (r = -0.40 to -0.59; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Tolterodine ER-related improvements in OAB symptoms (assessed by diary variables) and patients' perceptions of the changes in symptom bother, bladder-related problems and HRQL (assessed by PPBC and OAB-q) were significantly correlated. The OAB-q and the PPBC provide a relevant and important patient perspective for OAB treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Coyne
- Center for Health Outcomes Research, United BioSource Corporation, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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50
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Tang AM, Kacher DF, Lam EY, Brodsky M, Jolesz FA, Yang ES. Multi-modal imaging: simultaneous MRI and ultrasound imaging for carotid arteries visualization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 2007:2603-6. [PMID: 18002528 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4352862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of simultaneous Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ultrasound (US) imaging in visualizing anatomical structures and functions in human carotid arteries. US has high frame rate in visualizing dynamic changes while high resolution MRI is capable of capturing volumetric structures with the best tissue contrast. Concurrent multi-modal image acquisition allows fusion of US Doppler flow measurement with volumetric MRI. We present a method for acquiring MR images in a known orientation with respect to US image by passive fiducial tracking and demonstrate concurrent real-time imaging in the right Common Carotid Artery (CCA) in both modalities. Preliminary results suggest that US and MRI can operate concurrently with proper shielding. Dispensability measurements are feasible on both modalities at the co-incident plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie M Tang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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