1
|
Monje MH, Blackburn JS, Kinsley L, Krainc D, Mencacci NE. A GNAI1 Pathogenic Variant in a Case with GNAO1-Isolated Dystonia: A Modifier of Disease Severity? Mov Disord 2024; 39:918-920. [PMID: 38419191 PMCID: PMC11102706 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana H.G. Monje
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Sarah Blackburn
- Division of Child Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Lisa Kinsley
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Junker J, Lange LM, Vollstedt EJ, Roopnarain K, Doquenia MLM, Annuar AA, Avenali M, Bardien S, Bahr N, Ellis M, Galandra C, Gasser T, Heutink P, Illarionova A, Kanana Y, Keller Sarmiento IJ, Kumar KR, Lim SY, Madoev H, Mata IF, Mencacci NE, Nalls MA, Padmanabhan S, Shambetova C, Solle J, Tan AH, Trinh J, Valente EM, Singleton A, Blauwendraat C, Lohmann K, Fang ZH, Klein C. Understanding monogenic Parkinson's disease at a global scale. medRxiv 2024:2024.03.12.24304154. [PMID: 38529492 PMCID: PMC10962747 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.24304154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Until recently, about three-quarters of all monogenic Parkinson's disease (PD) studies were performed in European/White ancestry, thereby severely limiting our insights into genotype-phenotype relationships at global scale. The first systematic approach to embrace monogenic PD worldwide, The Michael J. Fox Foundation Global Monogenic PD (MJFF GMPD) Project, contacted authors of publications reporting individuals carrying pathogenic variants in known PD-causing genes. In contrast, the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program's (GP2) Monogenic Network took a different approach by targeting PD centers not yet represented in the medical literature. Here, we describe combining both efforts in a "merger project" resulting in a global monogenic PD cohort with build-up of a sustainable infrastructure to identify the multi-ancestry spectrum of monogenic PD and enable studies of factors modifying penetrance and expression of monogenic PD. This effort demonstrates the value of future research based on team science approaches to generate comprehensive and globally relevant results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Junker
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Lara M. Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Karisha Roopnarain
- Department of Neurology, University of Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | | | - Azlina Ahmad Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Micol Avenali
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council, Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natascha Bahr
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Melina Ellis
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Caterina Galandra
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Heutink
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Yuliia Kanana
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ignacio J. Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kishore R. Kumar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Translational Neurogenomics, Genomic and Inherited Disease Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Neurology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, The University of Sydney, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s and Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ignacio F. Mata
- Genomic Medicine Institute (GMI), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- DataTecnica, Washington DC, USA
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shalini Padmanabhan
- Discovery & Translational Research, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - J Solle
- Department of Clinical Research, Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ai-Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo and Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s and Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joanne Trinh
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes ofHealth, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes ofHealth, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Zih-Hua Fang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Keller Sarmiento IJ, Bustos BI, Blackburn J, Hac NEF, Ruzhnikov M, Monroe M, Levy RJ, Kinsley L, Li M, Silani V, Lubbe SJ, Krainc D, Mencacci NE. De novo FRMD5 Missense Variants in Patients with Childhood-Onset Ataxia, Prominent Nystagmus, and Seizures. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 38576116 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FRMD5 variants were recently identified in patients with developmental delay, ataxia, and eye movement abnormalities. OBJECTIVES We describe 2 patients presenting with childhood-onset ataxia, nystagmus, and seizures carrying pathogenic de novo FRMD5 variants. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to gain insights into the function of FRMD5 in the brain. METHODS Trio-based whole-exome sequencing was performed in both patients, and CoExp web tool was used to conduct WGCNA. RESULTS Both patients presented with developmental delay, childhood-onset ataxia, nystagmus, and seizures. Previously unreported findings were diffuse choreoathetosis and dystonia of the hands (patient 1) and areas of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging signal in the white matter (patient 2). WGCNA showed that FRMD5 belongs to gene networks involved in neurodevelopment and oligodendrocyte function. CONCLUSIONS We expanded the phenotype of FRMD5-related disease and shed light on its role in brain function and development. We recommend including FRMD5 in the genetic workup of childhood-onset ataxia and nystagmus. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio J Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bernabe I Bustos
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Blackburn
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nicholas E F Hac
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maura Ruzhnikov
- Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Division of Child Neurology, Stanford University and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Matthea Monroe
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Levy
- Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Division of Child Neurology, Stanford University and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Lisa Kinsley
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Megan Li
- Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Danti FR, Sarmiento IJK, Moloney PB, Colangelo I, Graziola F, Garavaglia B, Zorzi G, Mencacci NE, Lubbe SJ. Childhood-Onset Lower Limb Focal Dystonia Due to a NAA15 Variant: A Case Report. Mov Disord 2024; 39:747-749. [PMID: 38380600 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rachele Danti
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ignacio Juan Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick B Moloney
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isabel Colangelo
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Graziola
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song P, Peng W, Sauve V, Fakih R, Xie Z, Ysselstein D, Krainc T, Wong YC, Mencacci NE, Savas JN, Surmeier DJ, Gehring K, Krainc D. Parkinson's disease-linked parkin mutation disrupts recycling of synaptic vesicles in human dopaminergic neurons. Neuron 2023; 111:3775-3788.e7. [PMID: 37716354 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Parkin-mediated mitophagy has been studied extensively, but whether mutations in parkin contribute to Parkinson's disease pathogenesis through alternative mechanisms remains unexplored. Using patient-derived dopaminergic neurons, we found that phosphorylation of parkin by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CaMK2) at Ser9 leads to activation of parkin in a neuronal-activity-dependent manner. Activated parkin ubiquitinates synaptojanin-1, facilitating its interaction with endophilin A1 and synaptic vesicle recycling. Neurons from PD patients with mutant parkin displayed defective recycling of synaptic vesicles, leading to accumulation of toxic oxidized dopamine that was attenuated by boosting endophilin A1 expression. Notably, combined heterozygous parkin and homozygous PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) mutations led to earlier disease onset compared with homozygous mutant PINK1 alone, further underscoring a PINK1-independent role for parkin in contributing to disease. Thus, this study identifies a pathway for selective activation of parkin at human dopaminergic synapses and highlights the importance of this mechanism in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Song
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wesley Peng
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Veronique Sauve
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rayan Fakih
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhong Xie
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel Ysselstein
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Talia Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yvette C Wong
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Savas
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kalle Gehring
- Department of Biochemistry and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brooker SM, Mencacci NE. The expanding genetic landscape of myoclonus-dystonia syndrome: YY1 and ATP1A3 are added to the list. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 117:105929. [PMID: 37981540 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Brooker
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saunders-Pullman R, Raymond D, Ortega RA, Shalash A, Gatto E, Salari M, Markgraf M, Alcalay RN, Mascalzoni D, Mencacci NE, Bonifati V, Merello M, Chung SJ, Novakovic I, Bardien S, Pal G, Hall A, Hattori N, Lynch T, Thaler A, Sue CM, Foroud T, Verbrugge J, Schulze J, Cook L, Marder K, Suchowersky O, Klein C, Simuni T. International Genetic Testing and Counseling Practices for Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1527-1535. [PMID: 37310233 PMCID: PMC10461455 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing clinical and research utilization of genetic testing in Parkinson's disease (PD), including direct-to-consumer testing. OBJECTIVES The aim is to determine the international landscape of genetic testing in PD to inform future worldwide recommendations. METHODS A web-based survey assessing current practices, concerns, and barriers to genetic testing and counseling was administered to the International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society membership. RESULTS Common hurdles across sites included cost and access to genetic testing, and counseling, as well as education on genetic counseling. Region-dependent differences in access to and availability of testing and counseling were most notable in Africa. High-income countries also demonstrated heterogeneity, with European nations more likely to have genetic testing covered through insurance than Pan-American and Asian countries. CONCLUSIONS This survey highlights not only diversity of barriers in different regions but also the shared and highly actionable needs for improved education and access to genetic counseling and testing for PD worldwide. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Saunders-Pullman
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deborah Raymond
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roberto A Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emilia Gatto
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires, Affiliated University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mehri Salari
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada-e Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maggie Markgraf
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, and Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; and Movement Disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy; and Center for Research Ethics and Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Movement Disorders Section, Neuroscience Department Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina, and National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ivana Novakovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/ Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gian Pal
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Anne Hall
- Research Advocate, Parkinson’s Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University Tokyo, Japan; Research Institute of Disease of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Timothy Lynch
- The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and Health Affairs & School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jennifer Verbrugge
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeanine Schulze
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lola Cook
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tatyana Simuni
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pal G, Cook L, Schulze J, Verbrugge J, Alcalay RN, Merello M, Sue CM, Bardien S, Bonifati V, Chung SJ, Foroud T, Gatto E, Hall A, Hattori N, Lynch T, Marder K, Mascalzoni D, Novaković I, Thaler A, Raymond D, Salari M, Shalash A, Suchowersky O, Mencacci NE, Simuni T, Saunders‐Pullman R, Klein C. Genetic Testing in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1384-1396. [PMID: 37365908 PMCID: PMC10946878 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic testing for persons with Parkinson's disease is becoming increasingly common. Significant gains have been made regarding genetic testing methods, and testing is becoming more readily available in clinical, research, and direct-to-consumer settings. Although the potential utility of clinical testing is expanding, there are currently no proven gene-targeted therapies, but clinical trials are underway. Furthermore, genetic testing practices vary widely, as do knowledge and attitudes of relevant stakeholders. The specter of testing mandates financial, ethical, and physician engagement, and there is a need for guidelines to help navigate the myriad of challenges. However, to develop guidelines, gaps and controversies need to be clearly identified and analyzed. To this end, we first reviewed recent literature and subsequently identified gaps and controversies, some of which were partially addressed in the literature, but many of which are not well delineated or researched. Key gaps and controversies include: (1) Is genetic testing appropriate in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals without medical actionability? (2) How, if at all, should testing vary based on ethnicity? (3) What are the long-term outcomes of consumer- and research-based genetic testing in presymptomatic PD? (4) What resources are needed for clinical genetic testing, and how is this impacted by models of care and cost-benefit considerations? Addressing these issues will help facilitate the development of consensus and guidelines regarding the approach and access to genetic testing and counseling. This is also needed to guide a multidisciplinary approach that accounts for cultural, geographic, and socioeconomic factors in developing testing guidelines. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Pal
- Department of NeurologyRutgers‐Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Lola Cook
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Jeanine Schulze
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Jennifer Verbrugge
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Movement Disorders Division, Neurological InstituteTel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Neuroscience Department FleniCONICET, Catholic University of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Carolyn M. Sue
- Department of NeurologyRoyal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversityCape TownSouth Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research UnitStellenbosch UniversityCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Emilia Gatto
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos AiresAffiliated Buenos Aires UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Anne Hall
- Parkinson's FoundationNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute of Disease of Old Age, Graduate School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative LaboratoryRIKEN Center for Brain ScienceSaitamaJapan
| | - Tim Lynch
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublinIreland
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac ResearchAffiliated Institute of the University of LübeckBolzanoItaly
- Center for Research Ethics and Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Ivana Novaković
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological InstituteTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological InstituteTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
| | - Deborah Raymond
- Department of NeurologyMount Sinai Beth Israel and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mehri Salari
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada‐e Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of ExcellenceShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Medical Genetics and PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for NeurogeneticsNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Tanya Simuni
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Rachel Saunders‐Pullman
- Department of NeurologyMount Sinai Beth Israel and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of NeurogeneticsUniversity of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig‐HolsteinLübeckGermany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nasca A, Mencacci NE, Invernizzi F, Zech M, Keller Sarmiento IJ, Legati A, Frascarelli C, Bustos BI, Romito LM, Krainc D, Winkelmann J, Carecchio M, Nardocci N, Zorzi G, Prokisch H, Lubbe SJ, Garavaglia B, Ghezzi D. Variants in ATP5F1B are associated with dominantly inherited dystonia. Brain 2023; 146:2730-2738. [PMID: 36860166 PMCID: PMC10316767 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP5F1B is a subunit of the mitochondrial ATP synthase or complex V of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Pathogenic variants in nuclear genes encoding assembly factors or structural subunits are associated with complex V deficiency, typically characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance and multisystem phenotypes. Movement disorders have been described in a subset of cases carrying autosomal dominant variants in structural subunits genes ATP5F1A and ATP5MC3. Here, we report the identification of two different ATP5F1B missense variants (c.1000A>C; p.Thr334Pro and c.1445T>C; p.Val482Ala) segregating with early-onset isolated dystonia in two families, both with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and incomplete penetrance. Functional studies in mutant fibroblasts revealed no decrease of ATP5F1B protein amount but severe reduction of complex V activity and impaired mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting a dominant-negative effect. In conclusion, our study describes a new candidate gene associated with isolated dystonia and confirms that heterozygous variants in genes encoding subunits of the mitochondrial ATP synthase may cause autosomal dominant isolated dystonia with incomplete penetrance, likely through a dominant-negative mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nasca
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Federica Invernizzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - Ignacio J Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Andrea Legati
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Frascarelli
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Bernabe I Bustos
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Luigi M Romito
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Munich, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Department Neuroscience, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Magrinelli F, Rocca C, Simone R, Zenezini Chiozzi R, Jaunmuktane Z, Mencacci NE, Tinazzi M, Jayawant S, Nemeth AH, Demidov G, Houlden H, Bhatia KP. Detection and Characterization of a De Novo Alu Retrotransposition Event Causing NKX2-1-Related Disorder. Mov Disord 2023; 38:347-353. [PMID: 36420574 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous NKX2-1 loss-of-function variants cause combinations of hyperkinetic movement disorders (MDs, particularly childhood-onset chorea), pulmonary dysfunction, and hypothyroidism. Mobile element insertions (MEIs) are potential disease-causing structural variants whose detection in routine diagnostics remains challenging. OBJECTIVE To establish the molecular diagnosis of two first-degree relatives with clinically suspected NKX2-1-related disorder who had negative NKX2-1 Sanger (SS), whole-exome (WES), and whole-genome (WGS) sequencing. METHODS The proband's WES was analyzed for MEIs. A candidate MEI in NKX2-1 underwent optimized SS after plasmid cloning. Functional studies exploring NKX2-1 haploinsufficiency at RNA and protein levels were performed. RESULTS A 347-bp AluYa5 insertion with a 65-bp poly-A tail followed by a 16-bp duplication of the pre-insertion wild-type sequence in exon 3 of NKX2-1 (ENST00000354822.7:c.556_557insAlu541_556dup) segregated with the disease phenotype. CONCLUSIONS We identified a de novo exonic AluYa5 insertion causing NKX2-1-related disorder in SS/WES/WGS-negative cases, suggesting that MEI analysis of short-read sequencing data or targeted long-read sequencing could unmask the molecular diagnosis of unsolved MD cases. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magrinelli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clarissa Rocca
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Simone
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zane Jaunmuktane
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michele Tinazzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sandeep Jayawant
- Paediatric Neurology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea H Nemeth
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - German Demidov
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
van Midden VM, Kinsley L, Fraint A, Krainc D, Mencacci NE. Expanding the spectrum of KCNJ6-related disorders: Milder phenotype with pathological startle responses. Clin Genet 2023; 103:103-108. [PMID: 36071510 PMCID: PMC10087234 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Keppen-Lubinsky syndrome is caused by pathogenic variants in KCNJ6, which encodes the inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J6. The four confirmed cases reported to date were characterized by severe intellectual disability, global developmental delay, feeding difficulties, and dysmorphic features. All but one of the cases also had a severe form of lipodystrophy, resulting in tightly adherent facial skin and appearance of premature aging. Here, we describe a 36-year-old female with a de novo pathogenic variant in KCNJ6 (NM_002240.5: c.460G>T; p.(Gly154Cys)) presenting with mild intellectual disability, subtle dysmorphic features, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and an exaggerated startle response. This case indicates that KCNJ6-related disorders should be considered in patients with less pronounced dysmorphic features and milder cognitive impairment, as well as in patients with startle disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Marija van Midden
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lisa Kinsley
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Avram Fraint
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Keller Sarmiento IJ, Fraint A, Kinsley L, Akhtar RS, Silani V, Lubbe SJ, Krainc D, Mencacci NE. Novel THAP1 missense variant with incomplete penetrance in a case of generalized young onset dystonia showing good response to deep brain stimulation. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 105:7-8. [PMID: 36323131 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of young onset generalized dystonia, harboring a previously unreported likely pathogenic THAP1 missense variant (c.109 G > A; p.Glu37Lys) that was inherited from her unaffected father. Moreover, we report a positive effect of deep brain stimulation, particularly on the cervical component of dystonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio J Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avram Fraint
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Kinsley
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rizwan S Akhtar
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Magrinelli F, Mencacci NE. Digging into the Unknowns of the Human Genome Sequence: The T2T-CHM13 Reference Assembly Release. Mov Disord 2022; 37:2192. [PMID: 36173892 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magrinelli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mencacci NE, Steel D, Magrinelli F, Hsu J, Keller Sarmiento IJ, Troncoso Schifferli M, Muñoz D, Stefanis L, Lubbe SJ, Wood NW, Kurian MA, Stamelou M. Childhood-Onset Chorea Caused by a Recurrent De Novo DRD2 Variant. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1472-1473. [PMID: 34145635 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dora Steel
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Magrinelli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jerry Hsu
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ignacio Juan Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mónica Troncoso Schifferli
- Child Neurology Service, Clinical Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Muñoz
- Child Neurology Service, Clinical Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Stamelou
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece.,School of medicine, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mencacci NE, Brockmann MM, Dai J, Pajusalu S, Atasu B, Campos J, Pino G, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Patzke C, Schwake M, Tucci A, Pittman A, Simon-Sanchez J, Carvill GL, Balint B, Wiethoff S, Warner TT, Papandreou A, Soo A, Rein R, Kadastik-Eerme L, Puusepp S, Reinson K, Tomberg T, Hanagasi H, Gasser T, Bhatia KP, Kurian MA, Lohmann E, Õunap K, Rosenmund C, Südhof TC, Wood NW, Krainc D, Acuna C. Biallelic variants in TSPOAP1, encoding the active-zone protein RIMBP1, cause autosomal recessive dystonia. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140625. [PMID: 33539324 DOI: 10.1172/jci140625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a debilitating hyperkinetic movement disorder, which can be transmitted as a monogenic trait. Here, we describe homozygous frameshift, nonsense, and missense variants in TSPOAP1, which encodes the active-zone RIM-binding protein 1 (RIMBP1), as a genetic cause of autosomal recessive dystonia in 7 subjects from 3 unrelated families. Subjects carrying loss-of-function variants presented with juvenile-onset progressive generalized dystonia, associated with intellectual disability and cerebellar atrophy. Conversely, subjects carrying a pathogenic missense variant (p.Gly1808Ser) presented with isolated adult-onset focal dystonia. In mice, complete loss of RIMBP1, known to reduce neurotransmission, led to motor abnormalities reminiscent of dystonia, decreased Purkinje cell dendritic arborization, and reduced numbers of cerebellar synapses. In vitro analysis of the p.Gly1808Ser variant showed larger spike-evoked calcium transients and enhanced neurotransmission, suggesting that RIMBP1-linked dystonia can be caused by either reduced or enhanced rates of spike-evoked release in relevant neural networks. Our findings establish a direct link between dysfunction of the presynaptic active zone and dystonia and highlight the critical role played by well-balanced neurotransmission in motor control and disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marisa M Brockmann
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jinye Dai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Burcu Atasu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joaquin Campos
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Foundation, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and
| | - Gabriela Pino
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Foundation, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher Patzke
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael Schwake
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Arianna Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Pittman
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Simon-Sanchez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gemma L Carvill
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bettina Balint
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Klinik für Neurologie mit Institut für Translationale Neurologie, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, Gebäude A1, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas T Warner
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Apostolos Papandreou
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Audrey Soo
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sanna Puusepp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karit Reinson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiiu Tomberg
- Radiology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Behavioural Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Thomas Gasser
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ebba Lohmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Claudio Acuna
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Chica and Heinz Schaller Foundation, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meng L, Isohanni P, Shao Y, Graham BH, Hickey SE, Brooks S, Suomalainen A, Joset P, Steindl K, Rauch A, Hackenberg A, High FA, Armstrong-Javors A, Mencacci NE, Gonzàlez-Latapi P, Kamel WA, Al-Hashel JY, Bustos BI, Hernandez AV, Krainc D, Lubbe SJ, Van Esch H, De Luca C, Ballon K, Ravelli C, Burglen L, Qebibo L, Calame DG, Mitani T, Marafi D, Pehlivan D, Saadi NW, Sahin Y, Maroofian R, Efthymiou S, Houlden H, Maqbool S, Rahman F, Gu S, Posey JE, Lupski JR, Hunter JV, Wangler MF, Carroll CJ, Yang Y. MED27 Variants Cause Developmental Delay, Dystonia, and Cerebellar Hypoplasia. Ann Neurol 2021; 89:828-833. [PMID: 33443317 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Mediator multiprotein complex functions as a regulator of RNA polymerase II-catalyzed gene transcription. In this study, exome sequencing detected biallelic putative disease-causing variants in MED27, encoding Mediator complex subunit 27, in 16 patients from 11 families with a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome. Patient phenotypes are highly homogeneous, including global developmental delay, intellectual disability, axial hypotonia with distal spasticity, dystonic movements, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Seizures and cataracts were noted in severely affected individuals. Identification of multiple patients with biallelic MED27 variants supports the critical role of MED27 in normal human neural development, particularly for the cerebellum. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:828-833.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX
| | - Pirjo Isohanni
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yunru Shao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Brett H Graham
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Scott E Hickey
- Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Stephanie Brooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pascal Joset
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zürich, Schlieren-Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zürich, Schlieren-Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zürich, Schlieren-Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Hackenberg
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frances A High
- Division of Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amy Armstrong-Javors
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Paulina Gonzàlez-Latapi
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Walaa A Kamel
- Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Jasem Y Al-Hashel
- Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Bernabé I Bustos
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Alejandro V Hernandez
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katleen Ballon
- Centre for Developmental Disabilities, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudia Ravelli
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Neurogenetics Reference Center, I-motion Institute, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Sorbonne University, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Cerebellar Malformations and Congenital Diseases Reference Center and Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Genetics, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Sorbonne University, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
- Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Leila Qebibo
- Cerebellar Malformations and Congenital Diseases Reference Center and Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Genetics, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Sorbonne University, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Daniel G Calame
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Tadahiro Mitani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Dana Marafi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Nebal W Saadi
- College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yavuz Sahin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Genoks Genetic Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Shazia Maqbool
- Development and Behavioral Pediatrics Department, Institute of Child Health and Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Rahman
- Development and Behavioral Pediatrics Department, Institute of Child Health and Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shen Gu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jill V Hunter
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Jan and Dan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Christopher J Carroll
- Research Programs Unit, Stem Cells and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zorzi G, Keller Sarmiento IJ, Danti FR, Bustos BI, Invernizzi F, Panteghini C, Reale C, Garavaglia B, Chiapparini L, Lubbe SJ, Nardocci N, Mencacci NE. YY1-Related Dystonia: Clinical Aspects and Long-Term Response to Deep Brain Stimulation. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1461-1462. [PMID: 33638881 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ignacio Juan Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Federica Rachele Danti
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernabe I Bustos
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Federica Invernizzi
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Reale
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mencacci NE, Reynolds R, Ruiz SG, Vandrovcova J, Forabosco P, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Volpato V, Weale ME, Bhatia KP, Webber C, Hardy J, Botía JA, Ryten M. Dystonia genes functionally converge in specific neurons and share neurobiology with psychiatric disorders. Brain 2021; 143:2771-2787. [PMID: 32889528 PMCID: PMC8354373 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a neurological disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal movements and postures, often occurring in absence of any structural brain abnormality. Psychiatric comorbidities, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia, are frequent in patients with dystonia. While mutations in a fast-growing number of genes have been linked to Mendelian forms of dystonia, the cellular, anatomical, and molecular basis remains unknown for most genetic forms of dystonia, as does its genetic and biological relationship to neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we applied an unbiased systems-biology approach to explore the cellular specificity of all currently known dystonia-associated genes, predict their functional relationships, and test whether dystonia and neuropsychiatric disorders share a genetic relationship. To determine the cellular specificity of dystonia-associated genes in the brain, single-nuclear transcriptomic data derived from mouse brain was used together with expression-weighted cell-type enrichment. To identify functional relationships among dystonia-associated genes, we determined the enrichment of these genes in co-expression networks constructed from 10 human brain regions. Stratified linkage-disequilibrium score regression was used to test whether co-expression modules enriched for dystonia-associated genes significantly contribute to the heritability of anxiety, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. Dystonia-associated genes were significantly enriched in adult nigral dopaminergic neurons and striatal medium spiny neurons. Furthermore, 4 of 220 gene co-expression modules tested were significantly enriched for the dystonia-associated genes. The identified modules were derived from the substantia nigra, putamen, frontal cortex, and white matter, and were all significantly enriched for genes associated with synaptic function. Finally, we demonstrate significant enrichments of the heritability of major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia within the putamen and white matter modules, and a significant enrichment of the heritability of Parkinson's disease within the substantia nigra module. In conclusion, multiple dystonia-associated genes interact and contribute to pathogenesis likely through dysregulation of synaptic signalling in striatal medium spiny neurons, adult nigral dopaminergic neurons and frontal cortical neurons. Furthermore, the enrichment of the heritability of psychiatric disorders in the co-expression modules enriched for dystonia-associated genes indicates that psychiatric symptoms associated with dystonia are likely to be intrinsic to its pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Regina Reynolds
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sonia Garcia Ruiz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Forabosco
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Alvaro Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.,Murcia Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Viola Volpato
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | | | | | - Michael E Weale
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Caleb Webber
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK.,Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juan A Botía
- Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Information and Communications Engineering, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Mina Ryten
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gonzalez-Latapi P, Marotta N, Mencacci NE. Emerging and converging molecular mechanisms in dystonia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:483-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
20
|
Kuipers DJS, Mandemakers W, Lu CS, Olgiati S, Breedveld GJ, Fevga C, Tadic V, Carecchio M, Osterman B, Sagi-Dain L, Wu-Chou YH, Chen CC, Chang HC, Wu SL, Yeh TH, Weng YH, Elia AE, Panteghini C, Marotta N, Pauly MG, Kühn AA, Volkmann J, Lace B, Meijer IA, Kandaswamy K, Quadri M, Garavaglia B, Lohmann K, Bauer P, Mencacci NE, Lubbe SJ, Klein C, Bertoli-Avella AM, Bonifati V. EIF2AK2 Missense Variants Associated with Early Onset Generalized Dystonia. Ann Neurol 2020; 89:485-497. [PMID: 33236446 PMCID: PMC7986743 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective The study was undertaken to identify a monogenic cause of early onset, generalized dystonia. Methods Methods consisted of genome‐wide linkage analysis, exome and Sanger sequencing, clinical neurological examination, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and protein expression studies in skin fibroblasts from patients. Results We identified a heterozygous variant, c.388G>A, p.Gly130Arg, in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2) gene, segregating with early onset isolated generalized dystonia in 5 patients of a Taiwanese family. EIF2AK2 sequencing in 191 unrelated patients with unexplained dystonia yielded 2 unrelated Caucasian patients with an identical heterozygous c.388G>A, p.Gly130Arg variant, occurring de novo in one case, another patient carrying a different heterozygous variant, c.413G>C, p.Gly138Ala, and one last patient, born from consanguineous parents, carrying a third, homozygous variant c.95A>C, p.Asn32Thr. These 3 missense variants are absent from gnomAD, and are located in functional domains of the encoded protein. In 3 patients, additional neurological manifestations were present, including intellectual disability and spasticity. EIF2AK2 encodes a kinase (protein kinase R [PKR]) that phosphorylates eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), which orchestrates the cellular stress response. Our expression studies showed abnormally enhanced activation of the cellular stress response, monitored by PKR‐mediated phosphorylation of eIF2α, in fibroblasts from patients with EIF2AK2 variants. Intriguingly, PKR can also be regulated by PRKRA (protein interferon‐inducible double‐stranded RNA‐dependent protein kinase activator A), the product of another gene causing monogenic dystonia. Interpretation We identified EIF2AK2 variants implicated in early onset generalized dystonia, which can be dominantly or recessively inherited, or occur de novo. Our findings provide direct evidence for a key role of a dysfunctional eIF2α pathway in the pathogenesis of dystonia. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:485–497
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demy J S Kuipers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Mandemakers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chin-Song Lu
- Professor Lu Neurological Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Simone Olgiati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Guido J Breedveld
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christina Fevga
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vera Tadic
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Bradley Osterman
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lena Sagi-Dain
- Genetics Institute, Carmel Medical Center, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yah-Huei Wu-Chou
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung C Chen
- Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Chang
- Professor Lu Neurological Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Lin Wu
- Department Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chunghua, Taiwan
| | - Tu-Hsueh Yeh
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Weng
- Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Antonio E Elia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolas Marotta
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querry Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martje G Pauly
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität of Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Volkmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Baiba Lace
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Inge A Meijer
- Department of Neurosciences and Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Marialuisa Quadri
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querry Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Simpson Querry Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Steel D, Zech M, Zhao C, Barwick KES, Burke D, Demailly D, Kumar KR, Zorzi G, Nardocci N, Kaiyrzhanov R, Wagner M, Iuso A, Berutti R, Škorvánek M, Necpál J, Davis R, Wiethoff S, Mankad K, Sudhakar S, Ferrini A, Sharma S, Kamsteeg EJ, Tijssen MA, Verschuuren C, van Egmond ME, Flowers JM, McEntagart M, Tucci A, Coubes P, Bustos BI, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Tisch S, Darveniza P, Gorman KM, Peall KJ, Bötzel K, Koch JC, Kmieć T, Plecko B, Boesch S, Haslinger B, Jech R, Garavaglia B, Wood N, Houlden H, Gissen P, Lubbe SJ, Sue CM, Cif L, Mencacci NE, Anderson G, Kurian MA, Winkelmann J. Loss-of-Function Variants in HOPS Complex Genes VPS16 and VPS41 Cause Early Onset Dystonia Associated with Lysosomal Abnormalities. Ann Neurol 2020; 88:867-877. [PMID: 32808683 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The majority of people with suspected genetic dystonia remain undiagnosed after maximal investigation, implying that a number of causative genes have not yet been recognized. We aimed to investigate this paucity of diagnoses. METHODS We undertook weighted burden analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from 138 individuals with unresolved generalized dystonia of suspected genetic etiology, followed by additional case-finding from international databases, first for the gene implicated by the burden analysis (VPS16), and then for other functionally related genes. Electron microscopy was performed on patient-derived cells. RESULTS Analysis revealed a significant burden for VPS16 (Fisher's exact test p value, 6.9 × 109 ). VPS16 encodes a subunit of the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex, which plays a key role in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. A total of 18 individuals harboring heterozygous loss-of-function VPS16 variants, and one with a microdeletion, were identified. These individuals experienced early onset progressive dystonia with predominant cervical, bulbar, orofacial, and upper limb involvement. Some patients had a more complex phenotype with additional neuropsychiatric and/or developmental comorbidities. We also identified biallelic loss-of-function variants in VPS41, another HOPS-complex encoding gene, in an individual with infantile-onset generalized dystonia. Electron microscopy of patient-derived lymphocytes and fibroblasts from both patients with VPS16 and VPS41 showed vacuolar abnormalities suggestive of impaired lysosomal function. INTERPRETATION Our study strongly supports a role for HOPS complex dysfunction in the pathogenesis of dystonia, although variants in different subunits display different phenotypic and inheritance characteristics. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:867-877.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dora Steel
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katy E S Barwick
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Derek Burke
- Enzyme Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Diane Demailly
- Unités des Pathologies Cérébrales Résistantes, Département de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montpellier, France
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia.,Translational Genomics, Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Neurogenetics, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Child Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Child Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Rauan Kaiyrzhanov
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arcangela Iuso
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matej Škorvánek
- Department of Neurology, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Necpál
- Department of Neurology, Zvolen Hospital, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Ryan Davis
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Translational Genomics, Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Neurogenetics, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Sniya Sudhakar
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Arianna Ferrini
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Suvasini Sharma
- Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marina A Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corien Verschuuren
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martje E van Egmond
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Coubes
- Unités des Pathologies Cérébrales Résistantes, Département de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernabe I Bustos
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Tisch
- Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Darveniza
- Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kathleen M Gorman
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Kai Bötzel
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan C Koch
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tomasz Kmieć
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Haslinger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Department of Child Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Nick Wood
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Paul Gissen
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Translational Genomics, Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Neurogenetics, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Cif
- Unités des Pathologies Cérébrales Résistantes, Département de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montpellier, France
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Glenn Anderson
- Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gultekin M, Prakash N, Ganos C, Mirza M, Bayramov R, Bhatia KP, Mencacci NE. A Novel SGCE Nonsense Variant Associated With Marked Intrafamilial Variability in a Turkish Family With Myoclonus-Dystonia. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2019; 6:479-482. [PMID: 31392249 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myoclonus-Dystonia syndrome (M-D) is an autosomal-dominant movement disorder related to SGCE gene pathogenic variants. Although there can be observed variability in clinical findings, here we describe intrafamilial variability in a Turkish family with a novel nonsense SGCE pathogenic variant. Methods A family with variable clinical symptoms resembling M-D were referred to our clinic. After preliminary diagnosis, patients were tested for mutations in the SGCE gene by Sanger sequencing. Results Novel pathogenic heterozygous nonsense mutation in exon 3, c.272T>G; p.Leu91* (NM_003919.2) were observed in affected family members. Conclusion Intrafamilial clinical variability, despite the same pathogenic variant described in this work, suggests that there are regulatory factors, epigenetic or environmental modifiers, which are the subject of a matter for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gultekin
- Department of Neurology Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine Kayseri Turkey
| | - Neha Prakash
- Department of Neurology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Christos Ganos
- Department of Neurology Charité University Medicine Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Meral Mirza
- Department of Neurology Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine Kayseri Turkey
| | - Ruslan Bayramov
- Department of Medical Genetics DETA-GEN Genetic Diagnosis Center Kayseri Turkey
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA.,Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Iodice A, Carecchio M, Zorzi G, Garavaglia B, Spagnoli C, Salerno GG, Frattini D, Mencacci NE, Invernizzi F, Veneziano L, Mantuano E, Angriman M, Fusco C. Corrigendum to "Restless legs syndrome in NKX2-1-related chorea: An expansion of the disease spectrum" [Brain Dev. 41 (2019) 250-256]. Brain Dev 2019; 41:643. [PMID: 31053344 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Iodice
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - M Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - G Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - B Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - C Spagnoli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - G G Salerno
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - D Frattini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - N E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - F Invernizzi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - L Veneziano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - E Mantuano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - M Angriman
- Child Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital of Bolzano, Italy
| | - C Fusco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Carecchio M, Invernizzi F, Gonzàlez-Latapi P, Panteghini C, Zorzi G, Romito L, Leuzzi V, Galosi S, Reale C, Zibordi F, Joseph AP, Topf M, Piano C, Bentivoglio AR, Girotti F, Morana P, Morana B, Kurian MA, Garavaglia B, Mencacci NE, Lubbe SJ, Nardocci N. Frequency and phenotypic spectrum of KMT2B dystonia in childhood: A single-center cohort study. Mov Disord 2019; 34:1516-1527. [PMID: 31216378 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood-onset dystonia is often genetically determined. Recently, KMT2B variants have been recognized as an important cause of childhood-onset dystonia. OBJECTIVE To define the frequency of KMT2B mutations in a cohort of dystonic patients aged <18 years at onset, the associated clinical and radiological phenotype, and the natural history of disease. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing or customized gene panels were used to screen a cohort of 65 patients who had previously tested negative for all other known dystonia-associated genes. RESULTS We identified 14 patients (21.5%) carrying KMT2B variants, of which 1 was classified as a variant of unknown significance. We also identified 2 additional patients carrying pathogenic mutations in GNAO1 and ATM. Overall, we established a definitive genetic diagnosis in 23% of cases. We observed a spectrum of clinical manifestations in KMT2B variant carriers, ranging from generalized dystonia to short stature or intellectual disability alone, even within the same family. In 78.5% of cases, dystonia involved the lower limbs at onset, with later caudocranial generalization. Eight patients underwent pallidal DBS with a median decrease of Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale-Motor score of 38.5% in the long term. We also report on 4 asymptomatic carriers, suggesting that some KMT2B mutations may be associated with incomplete disease penetrance. CONCLUSIONS KMT2B mutations are frequent in childhood-onset dystonia and cause a complex neurodevelopmental syndrome, often featuring growth retardation and intellectual disability as additional phenotypic features. A dramatic and long-lasting response to DBS is characteristic of DYT-KMT2B dystonia. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Carecchio
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Invernizzi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paulina Gonzàlez-Latapi
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Romito
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Galosi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Reale
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Zibordi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Agnel P Joseph
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Crystallography/Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maya Topf
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Crystallography/Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Piano
- Policlinico Gemelli Foundation, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bentivoglio
- Policlinico Gemelli Foundation, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Floriano Girotti
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Manju A Kurian
- Molecular Neurosciences, Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Balint B, Charlesworth G, Stamelou M, Carr L, Mencacci NE, Wood NW, Bhatia KP. Mitochondrial complex I NUBPL mutations cause combined dystonia with bilateral striatal necrosis and cerebellar atrophy. Eur J Neurol 2019; 26:1240-1243. [PMID: 30897263 PMCID: PMC6767441 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose The recent advances in genetics have helped to unravel the cause of many dystonia syndromes. With the broadening spectrum of genetically defined dystonia syndromes, distinct clinico‐radiological phenotypes are a welcome handle to guide the diagnostic work‐up. Methods Exome sequencing was used to elucidate the genetic cause of a syndrome characterized by generalized dystonia, pyramidal and cerebellar involvement, with bilateral striatal necrosis (BSN) and cerebellar atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging. Homozygosity mapping and linkage analysis were used in a supportive role. Known genetic causes of BSN were excluded by use of exome data or Sanger sequencing. Results Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the NUBPL gene in a small UK kindred. The gene lay in a region of positive linkage and segregated with disease in a family of six individuals. Conclusion NUBPL mutations cause early onset, autosomal recessive generalized dystonia with cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs, preserved cognition and a distinct magnetic resonance imaging appearance with BSN and cerebellar atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Balint
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Charlesworth
- Department of Neurology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Stamelou
- Second Department of Neurology, Attiko Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - L Carr
- Neuroscience Department, GOSH, London, UK
| | - N E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - N W Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - K P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wagnon JL, Mencacci NE, Barker BS, Wengert ER, Bhatia KP, Balint B, Carecchio M, Wood NW, Patel MK, Meisler MH. Partial loss-of-function of sodium channel SCN8A in familial isolated myoclonus. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:965-969. [PMID: 29726066 PMCID: PMC6032947 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Variants in the neuronal sodium channel gene SCN8A have been implicated in several neurological disorders. Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy type 13 results from de novo gain‐of‐function mutations that alter the biophysical properties of the channel. Complete loss‐of‐function variants of SCN8A have been identified in cases of isolated intellectual disability. We now report a novel heterozygous SCN8A variant, p.Pro1719Arg, in a small pedigree with five family members affected with autosomal dominant upper limb isolated myoclonus without seizures or cognitive impairment. Functional analysis of the p.Pro1719Arg variant in transfected neuron‐derived cells demonstrated greatly reduced Nav1.6 channel activity without altered gating properties. Hypomorphic alleles of Scn8a in the mouse are known to result in similar movement disorders. This study expands the phenotypic and functional spectrum of SCN8A variants to include inherited nonepileptic isolated myoclonus. SCN8A can be considered as a candidate gene for isolated movement disorders without seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacy L Wagnon
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Bryan S Barker
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Eric R Wengert
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Sobell Department, Institute of Neurology, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Bettina Balint
- Sobell Department, Institute of Neurology, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, PhD Programme in Molecular and Translational Medicine, Milan Bicocca University, Monza, Italy
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Manoj K Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Miriam H Meisler
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gauthier J, Meijer IA, Lessel D, Mencacci NE, Krainc D, Hempel M, Tsiakas K, Prokisch H, Rossignol E, Helm MH, Rodan LH, Karamchandani J, Carecchio M, Lubbe SJ, Telegrafi A, Henderson LB, Lorenzo K, Wallace SE, Glass IA, Hamdan FF, Michaud JL, Rouleau GA, Campeau PM. Recessive mutations in
VPS13D
cause childhood onset movement disorders. Ann Neurol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.25204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gauthier
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of PediatricsSaint Justine University Hospital CenterMontreal Canada
| | - Inge A. Meijer
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MontrealMontreal Canada
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburg Germany
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicago IL
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicago IL
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human GeneticsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburg Germany
| | - Konstantinos Tsiakas
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburg Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center MunichNeuherberg Germany
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnical University MunichMunich Germany
| | - Elsa Rossignol
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of MontrealMontreal Canada
| | | | - Lance H. Rodan
- Department of NeurologyBoston Children's HospitalBoston MA
| | - Jason Karamchandani
- Department of PathologyMcGill University, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal Canada
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological InstituteMilan Italy
| | - Steven J. Lubbe
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicago IL
| | | | | | | | - Stephanie E. Wallace
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of PediatricsSeattle Children's Hospital and University of WashingtonSeattle WA
| | - Ian A. Glass
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of PediatricsSeattle Children's Hospital and University of WashingtonSeattle WA
| | - Fadi F. Hamdan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of PediatricsSaint Justine University Hospital CenterMontreal Canada
| | - Jacques L. Michaud
- Department of PediatricsSaint Justine University Hospital Center and University of MontrealMontreal Canada
| | - Guy A. Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontreal Canada
| | - Philippe M. Campeau
- Department of PediatricsSaint Justine University Hospital Center and University of MontrealMontreal Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Salpietro V, Perez-Dueñas B, Nakashima K, San Antonio-Arce V, Manole A, Efthymiou S, Vandrovcova J, Bettencourt C, Mencacci NE, Klein C, Kelly MP, Davies CH, Kimura H, Macaya A, Houlden H. A homozygous loss-of-function mutation in PDE2A associated to early-onset hereditary chorea. Mov Disord 2018; 33:482-488. [PMID: 29392776 PMCID: PMC5873427 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated a family that presented with an infantile‐onset chorea‐predominant movement disorder, negative for NKX2‐1, ADCY5, and PDE10A mutations. Methods: Phenotypic characterization and trio whole‐exome sequencing was carried out in the family. Results: We identified a homozygous mutation affecting the GAF‐B domain of the 3’,5’‐cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE2A gene (c.1439A>G; p.Asp480Gly) as the candidate novel genetic cause of chorea in the proband. PDE2A hydrolyzes cyclic adenosine/guanosine monophosphate and is highly expressed in striatal medium spiny neurons. We functionally characterized the p.Asp480Gly mutation and found that it severely decreases the enzymatic activity of PDE2A. In addition, we showed equivalent expression in human and mouse striatum of PDE2A and its homolog gene, PDE10A. Conclusions: We identified a loss‐of‐function homozygous mutation in PDE2A associated to early‐onset chorea. Our findings possibly strengthen the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate metabolism in striatal medium spiny neurons as a crucial pathophysiological mechanism in hyperkinetic movement disorders. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Belen Perez-Dueñas
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Victoria San Antonio-Arce
- Unit of Epilepsy, Sleep and Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreea Manole
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Conceicao Bettencourt
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom.,Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg school of medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michy P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ceri H Davies
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lythe V, Athauda D, Foley J, Mencacci NE, Jahanshahi M, Cipolotti L, Hyam J, Zrinzo L, Hariz M, Hardy J, Limousin P, Foltynie T. GBA-Associated Parkinson’s Disease: Progression in a Deep Brain Stimulation Cohort. JPD 2017; 7:635-644. [DOI: 10.3233/jpd-171172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Lythe
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Dilan Athauda
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Foley
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marjan Jahanshahi
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Lisa Cipolotti
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Hyam
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Marwan Hariz
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Purpose of Review Hyperkinetic movement disorders can manifest alone or as part of complex phenotypes. In the era of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the list of monogenic complex movement disorders is rapidly growing. This review will explore the main features of these newly identified conditions. Recent Findings Mutations in ADCY5 and PDE10A have been identified as important causes of childhood-onset dyskinesias and KMT2B mutations as one of the most frequent causes of complex dystonia in children. The delineation of the phenotypic spectrum associated with mutations in ATP1A3, FOXG1, GNAO1, GRIN1, FRRS1L, and TBC1D24 is revealing an expanding genetic overlap between epileptic encephalopathies, developmental delay/intellectual disability, and hyperkinetic movement disorders,. Summary Thanks to NGS, the etiology of several complex hyperkinetic movement disorders has been elucidated. Importantly, NGS is changing the way clinicians diagnose these complex conditions. Shared molecular pathways, involved in early stages of brain development and normal synaptic transmission, underlie basal ganglia dysfunction, epilepsy, and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, PhD Programme in Molecular and Translational Medicine, Milan Bicocca University, Via Cadore 48, 20900, Monza, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Esposito S, Carecchio M, Tonduti D, Saletti V, Panteghini C, Chiapparini L, Zorzi G, Pantaleoni C, Garavaglia B, Krainc D, Lubbe SJ, Nardocci N, Mencacci NE. A PDE10A
de novo mutation causes childhood-onset chorea with diurnal fluctuations. Mov Disord 2017; 32:1646-1647. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Esposito
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery; PhD Programme in Molecular and Translational Medicine, Milan Bicocca University; Monza Italy
| | - Davide Tonduti
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Veronica Saletti
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Department; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology; Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Steven J. Lubbe
- Department of Neurology; Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Paediatric Neuroscience; IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Department of Neurology; Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago Illinois USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Carecchio M, Mencacci NE, Iodice A, Pons R, Panteghini C, Zorzi G, Zibordi F, Bonakis A, Dinopoulos A, Jankovic J, Stefanis L, Bhatia KP, Monti V, R'Bibo L, Veneziano L, Garavaglia B, Fusco C, Wood N, Stamelou M, Nardocci N. ADCY5-related movement disorders: Frequency, disease course and phenotypic variability in a cohort of paediatric patients. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017; 41:37-43. [PMID: 28511835 PMCID: PMC5549507 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction ADCY5 mutations have been recently identified as an important cause of early-onset hyperkinetic movement disorders. The phenotypic spectrum associated with mutations in this gene is expanding. However, the ADCY5 mutational frequency in cohorts of paediatric patients with hyperkinetic movement disorders has not been evaluated. Methods We performed a screening of the entire ADCY5 coding sequence in 44 unrelated subjects with genetically undiagnosed childhood-onset hyperkinetic movement disorders, featuring chorea alone or in combination with myoclonus and dystonia. All patients had normal CSF analysis and brain imaging and were regularly followed-up in tertiary centers for paediatric movement disorders. Results We identified five unrelated subjects with ADCY5 mutations (11% of the cohort). Three carried the p. R418W mutation, one the p. R418Q and one the p. R418G mutation. Mutations arose de novo in four cases, while one patient inherited the mutation from his similarly affected father. All patients had delayed motor and/or language milestones with or without axial hypotonia and showed generalized chorea and dystonia, with prominent myoclonic jerks in one case. Episodic exacerbations of the baseline movement disorder were observed in most cases, being the first disease manifestation in two patients. The disease course was variable, from stability to spontaneous improvement during adolescence. Conclusion Mutations in ADCY5 are responsible for a hyperkinetic movement disorder that can be preceded by episodic attacks before the movement disorder becomes persistent and is frequently misdiagnosed as dyskinetic cerebral palsy. A residual degree of neck hypotonia and a myopathy-like facial appearance are frequently observed in patients with ADCY5 mutations. ADCY5 mutational frequency in paediatric patients is unknown. 5/44 (11%) subjects in our cohort carried pathogenic ADCY5 mutations. Chorea-dystonia, exacerbations and developmental delay are often observed together. Disease course and clinical features are variable among patients with ADCY5 mutations. Residual cervical hypotonia and a myopathy-like face are additional diagnostic clues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, PhD Programme in Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, 60611 Illinois, USA.
| | - Alessandro Iodice
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Roser Pons
- First Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Agia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Zibordi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasios Bonakis
- Second Department of Neurology, Attiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Argyris Dinopoulos
- Third Department of Paediatrics, Attiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge, Houston, TX 77030-4202, USA
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Second Department of Neurology, Attiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London, Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Monti
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, United Kingdom
| | - Liana Veneziano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Fusco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Nicholas Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece; Second Department of Neurology, Attiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Brugger F, Kägi G, Pandolfo M, Mencacci NE, Batla A, Wiethoff S, Bhatia KP. Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA) Syndromes Presenting With Late-Onset Craniocervical Dystonia: An Illustrative Case Series. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2017; 4:254-257. [PMID: 30838262 PMCID: PMC6353318 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) mostly has its disease onset in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood and usually presents with predominant bulbar and axial dystonia along with signs such as spasticity, indicating an involvement of additional neurological systems. Because of their early onset and presentation with a combination of dystonia plus other neurological symptoms, they are usually not considered as differential diagnosis for late-onset isolated (idiopathic) craniocervical dystonia. In this case series, we present 4 genetically proven cases of NBIA (including neuroferritinopathy, pantothenate-kinase-associated neurodegeneration, and aceruloplasminemia) with late disease onset, which resembled isolated adult-onset craniocervical dystonia at disease onset. We also want to highlight the importance of taking NBIA into consideration when dealing with putatively isolated late-onset dystonias and of picking up unusual signs at later stages of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Brugger
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement DisordersInstitute of NeurologyUniversity College London, National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of NeurologyKantonsspital St. GallenSt. GallenSwitzerland
| | - Georg Kägi
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement DisordersInstitute of NeurologyUniversity College London, National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of NeurologyKantonsspital St. GallenSt. GallenSwitzerland
| | - Massimo Pandolfo
- Department of NeurologyHôpital Erasme, Université Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Department of Molecular NeuroscienceUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Amit Batla
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement DisordersInstitute of NeurologyUniversity College London, National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- Department of Molecular NeuroscienceUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
- Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchEberhard‐Karls‐UniversityTübingenGermany
| | - Kailash P. Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement DisordersInstitute of NeurologyUniversity College London, National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chorea presenting in childhood and adulthood encompasses several neurological disorders, both degenerative and nonprogressive, often with a genetic basis. In this review, we discuss how modern genomic technologies are expanding our knowledge of monogenic choreic syndromes and advancing our insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for chorea. RECENT FINDINGS A genome-wide association study in Huntington's disease identified genetic disease modifiers involved in controlling DNA repair mechanisms and stability of the HTT trinucleotide repeat expansion. Chorea is the cardinal feature of newly recognized genetic entities, ADCY5 and PDE10A-related choreas, with onset in infancy and childhood. A phenotypic overlap between chorea, ataxia, epilepsy, and neurodevelopmental disorders is becoming increasingly evident. SUMMARY The differential diagnosis of genetic conditions presenting with chorea has considerably widened, permitting a molecular diagnosis and an improved prognostic definition in an expanding number of cases. The identification of Huntington's disease genetic modifiers and new chorea-causing gene mutations has allowed the initial recognition of converging molecular pathways underlying medium spiny neurons degeneration and dysregulation of normal development and activity of basal ganglia circuits. Signalling downstream of dopamine receptors and control of cAMP levels represent a very promising target for the development of new aetiology-based treatments for chorea and other hyperkinetic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology,
WC1N 3BG London, United Kingdom
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta
Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta
Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of
Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Charlesworth G, Balint B, Mencacci NE, Carr L, Wood NW, Bhatia KP. SLC25A46 mutations underlie progressive myoclonic ataxia with optic atrophy and neuropathy. Mov Disord 2016; 31:1249-51. [PMID: 27430653 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Charlesworth
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bettina Balint
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucinda Carr
- Neuroscience Department, GOSH, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mencacci NE. The Endless Expansion of the Phenotypic Spectrum of ATP1A3 Mutations: A True Diagnostic Challenge. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2016; 3:395-397. [PMID: 30363572 PMCID: PMC6178772 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E. Mencacci
- Department of Molecular NeuroscienceUniversity College London Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Celardo I, Costa AC, Lehmann S, Jones C, Wood N, Mencacci NE, Mallucci GR, Loh SHY, Martins LM. Mitofusin-mediated ER stress triggers neurodegeneration in pink1/parkin models of Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2271. [PMID: 27336715 PMCID: PMC5143399 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in PINK1 and PARKIN cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), thought to be due to mitochondrial toxicity. Here, we show that in Drosophila pink1 and parkin mutants, defective mitochondria also give rise to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signalling, specifically to the activation of the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR). We show that enhanced ER stress signalling in pink1 and parkin mutants is mediated by mitofusin bridges, which occur between defective mitochondria and the ER. Reducing mitofusin contacts with the ER is neuroprotective, through suppression of PERK signalling, while mitochondrial dysfunction remains unchanged. Further, both genetic inhibition of dPerk-dependent ER stress signalling and pharmacological inhibition using the PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 were neuroprotective in both pink1 and parkin mutants. We conclude that activation of ER stress by defective mitochondria is neurotoxic in pink1 and parkin flies and that the reduction of this signalling is neuroprotective, independently of defective mitochondria. A video abstract for this article is available online in the supplementary information
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Celardo
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - A C Costa
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - S Lehmann
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - C Jones
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - N Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - N E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - G R Mallucci
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB1 0HN, UK
| | - S H Y Loh
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - L M Martins
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mencacci NE, Kamsteeg EJ, Nakashima K, R'Bibo L, Lynch DS, Balint B, Willemsen MAAP, Adams ME, Wiethoff S, Suzuki K, Davies CH, Ng J, Meyer E, Veneziano L, Giunti P, Hughes D, Raymond FL, Carecchio M, Zorzi G, Nardocci N, Barzaghi C, Garavaglia B, Salpietro V, Hardy J, Pittman AM, Houlden H, Kurian MA, Kimura H, Vissers LELM, Wood NW, Bhatia KP. De Novo Mutations in PDE10A Cause Childhood-Onset Chorea with Bilateral Striatal Lesions. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 98:763-71. [PMID: 27058447 PMCID: PMC4833291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorea is a hyperkinetic movement disorder resulting from dysfunction of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which form the main output projections from the basal ganglia. Here, we used whole-exome sequencing to unravel the underlying genetic cause in three unrelated individuals with a very similar and unique clinical presentation of childhood-onset chorea and characteristic brain MRI showing symmetrical bilateral striatal lesions. All individuals were identified to carry a de novo heterozygous mutation in PDE10A (c.898T>C [p.Phe300Leu] in two individuals and c.1000T>C [p.Phe334Leu] in one individual), encoding a phosphodiesterase highly and selectively present in MSNs. PDE10A contributes to the regulation of the intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Both substitutions affect highly conserved amino acids located in the regulatory GAF-B domain, which, by binding to cAMP, stimulates the activity of the PDE10A catalytic domain. In silico modeling showed that the altered residues are located deep in the binding pocket, where they are likely to alter cAMP binding properties. In vitro functional studies showed that neither substitution affects the basal PDE10A activity, but they severely disrupt the stimulatory effect mediated by cAMP binding to the GAF-B domain. The identification of PDE10A mutations as a cause of chorea further motivates the study of cAMP signaling in MSNs and highlights the crucial role of striatal cAMP signaling in the regulation of basal ganglia circuitry. Pharmacological modulation of this pathway could offer promising etiologically targeted treatments for chorea and other hyperkinetic movement disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 251-8555 Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - David S Lynch
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Bettina Balint
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michèl A A P Willemsen
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Donders Centre for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew E Adams
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kazunori Suzuki
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 251-8555 Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Ceri H Davies
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 251-8555 Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Joanne Ng
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, WC1N 1EH London, UK; Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, WC1N 3JH London, UK
| | - Esther Meyer
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Liana Veneziano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Giunti
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Deborah Hughes
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - F Lucy Raymond
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, CB2 0XY Cambridge, UK
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Neuropediatrics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Neuropediatrics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Neuropediatrics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Barzaghi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Alan M Pittman
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health, WC1N 1EH London, UK; Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, WC1N 3JH London, UK
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 251-8555 Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK.
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mencacci NE, Isaias IU, Reich MM, Ganos C, Plagnol V, Polke JM, Bras J, Hersheson J, Stamelou M, Pittman AM, Noyce AJ, Mok KY, Opladen T, Kunstmann E, Hodecker S, Münchau A, Volkmann J, Samnick S, Sidle K, Nanji T, Sweeney MG, Houlden H, Batla A, Zecchinelli AL, Pezzoli G, Marotta G, Lees A, Alegria P, Krack P, Cormier-Dequaire F, Lesage S, Brice A, Heutink P, Gasser T, Lubbe SJ, Morris HR, Taba P, Koks S, Majounie E, Raphael Gibbs J, Singleton A, Hardy J, Klebe S, Bhatia KP, Wood NW. Parkinson's disease in GTP cyclohydrolase 1 mutation carriers. Brain 2014; 137:2480-92. [PMID: 24993959 PMCID: PMC4132650 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
GTP cyclohydrolase 1, encoded by the GCH1 gene, is an essential enzyme for dopamine production in nigrostriatal cells. Loss-of-function mutations in GCH1 result in severe reduction of dopamine synthesis in nigrostriatal cells and are the most common cause of DOPA-responsive dystonia, a rare disease that classically presents in childhood with generalized dystonia and a dramatic long-lasting response to levodopa. We describe clinical, genetic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic imaging ([(123)I]N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) tropane single photon computed tomography) findings of four unrelated pedigrees with DOPA-responsive dystonia in which pathogenic GCH1 variants were identified in family members with adult-onset parkinsonism. Dopamine transporter imaging was abnormal in all parkinsonian patients, indicating Parkinson's disease-like nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation. We subsequently explored the possibility that pathogenic GCH1 variants could contribute to the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, even in the absence of a family history for DOPA-responsive dystonia. The frequency of GCH1 variants was evaluated in whole-exome sequencing data of 1318 cases with Parkinson's disease and 5935 control subjects. Combining cases and controls, we identified a total of 11 different heterozygous GCH1 variants, all at low frequency. This list includes four pathogenic variants previously associated with DOPA-responsive dystonia (Q110X, V204I, K224R and M230I) and seven of undetermined clinical relevance (Q110E, T112A, A120S, D134G, I154V, R198Q and G217V). The frequency of GCH1 variants was significantly higher (Fisher's exact test P-value 0.0001) in cases (10/1318 = 0.75%) than in controls (6/5935 = 0.1%; odds ratio 7.5; 95% confidence interval 2.4-25.3). Our results show that rare GCH1 variants are associated with an increased risk for Parkinson's disease. These findings expand the clinical and biological relevance of GTP cycloydrolase 1 deficiency, suggesting that it not only leads to biochemical striatal dopamine depletion and DOPA-responsive dystonia, but also predisposes to nigrostriatal cell loss. Further insight into GCH1-associated pathogenetic mechanisms will shed light on the role of dopamine metabolism in nigral degeneration and Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E Mencacci
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK2 IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience - Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Ioannis U Isaias
- 3 Department of Neurology, University Hospital, 97080 Würzburg, Germany4 Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Martin M Reich
- 3 Department of Neurology, University Hospital, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christos Ganos
- 5 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK6 Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany7 Department of Paediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - James M Polke
- 9 Neurogenetics Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Joshua Hersheson
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Maria Stamelou
- 5 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK10 Neurology Clinic, Attiko Hospital, University of Athens, 126 42 Haidari, Athens, Greece11 Neurology Clinic, Philipps University, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alan M Pittman
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK12 Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Alastair J Noyce
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK12 Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kin Y Mok
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Thomas Opladen
- 13 Division of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erdmute Kunstmann
- 14 Institut of Human Genetics, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sybille Hodecker
- 6 Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- 7 Department of Paediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens Volkmann
- 4 Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Samuel Samnick
- 15 Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katie Sidle
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Tina Nanji
- 9 Neurogenetics Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Mary G Sweeney
- 9 Neurogenetics Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Amit Batla
- 5 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anna L Zecchinelli
- 4 Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- 4 Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marotta
- 16 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrew Lees
- 12 Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Paulo Alegria
- 17 Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal
| | - Paul Krack
- 18 Movement Disorder Unit, CHU Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, and INSERM U836, Grenoble Institute Neuroscience, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Cormier-Dequaire
- 19 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975, Cnrs, UMR 7225, Paris, France20 Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-9503), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétriêre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- 19 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975, Cnrs, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- 19 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, UMR-S975; Inserm, U975, Cnrs, UMR 7225, Paris, France21 Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Peter Heutink
- 22 DZNE-Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gasser
- 22 DZNE-Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- 23 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Huw R Morris
- 23 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Pille Taba
- 24 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Koks
- 25 Department of Pathophysiology, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Elisa Majounie
- 26 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - J Raphael Gibbs
- 26 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew Singleton
- 26 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John Hardy
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK12 Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Stephan Klebe
- 3 Department of Neurology, University Hospital, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- 5 Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- 1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sadnicka A, Teo JT, Kojovic M, Pareés I, Saifee TA, Kassavetis P, Schwingenschuh P, Katschnig-Winter P, Stamelou M, Mencacci NE, Rothwell JC, Edwards MJ, Bhatia KP. All in the blink of an eye: new insight into cerebellar and brainstem function in DYT1 and DYT6 dystonia. Eur J Neurol 2014; 22:762-7. [PMID: 25039324 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Traditionally dystonia has been considered a disorder of basal ganglia dysfunction. However, recent research has advocated a more complex neuroanatomical network. In particular, there is increasing interest in the pathophysiological role of the cerebellum. Patients with cervical and focal hand dystonia have impaired cerebellar associative learning using the paradigm eyeblink conditioning. This is perhaps the most direct evidence to date that the cerebellum is implicated in patients. METHODS Eleven patients with DYT1 dystonia and five patients with DYT6 dystonia were examined and rates of eyeblink conditioning were compared with age-matched controls. A marker of brainstem excitability, the blink reflex recovery, was also studied in the same groups. RESULTS Patients with DYT1 and DYT6 dystonia have a normal ability to acquire conditioned responses. Blink reflex recovery was enhanced in DYT1 but this effect was not seen in DYT6. CONCLUSIONS If the cerebellum is an important driver in DYT1 and DYT6 dystonia our data suggest that there is specific cerebellar dysfunction such that the circuits essential for conditioning function normally. Our data are contrary to observations in focal dystonia and suggest that the cerebellum may have a distinct role in different subsets of dystonia. Evidence of enhanced blink reflex recovery in all patients with dystonia was not found and recent studies calling for the blink recovery reflex to be used as a diagnostic test for dystonic tremor may require further corroboration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sadnicka
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mencacci NE, Bersano A, Cinnante CM, Ciammola A, Corti S, Meroni PL, Silani V. Intracerebral haemorrhage, a possible presentation in Churg-Strauss syndrome: case report and review of the literature. J Neurol Sci 2010; 301:107-11. [PMID: 21094960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a rare systemic vasculitis, almost invariably accompanied by asthma, nasal polyposis, paranasal sinus abnormalities, and increased peripheral blood eosinophil count. Neurological involvement as peripheral neuropathy is a common feature, whereas cerebral involvement is extremely rare. Herein, we report the case of a young man who presented with sudden onset of right-side emiparesis and aphasia, whose head CT scan showed the presence of large haemorrhage in the left striatum nucleus involving part of the temporal lobe. Based on clinical and laboratory findings (asthma, eosinophilia >10%, paranasal sinus abnormalities and mononeuritis multiplex) a diagnosis of CSS was made. Cerebral angiography resulted normal, excluding the presence of vascular malformations or signs of vessel abnormalities. Pharmacotherapy with (intravenous and afterwards oral) corticosteroid and immunosuppressors (cyclophosphamide and then azathioprine) was initiated. The outcome was good with neurological follow-up showing a nearly complete recover. Our case points out that intracerebral haemorrhage can be, despite rare, a presenting feature of CSS. Previously reported patients affected by cerebral haemorrhage and CSS are summarized and briefly reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ciammola A, Sassone J, Sciacco M, Mencacci NE, Ripolone M, Bizzi C, Colciago C, Moggio M, Parati G, Silani V, Malfatto G. Low anaerobic threshold and increased skeletal muscle lactate production in subjects with Huntington's disease. Mov Disord 2010; 26:130-7. [PMID: 20931633 PMCID: PMC3081141 DOI: 10.1002/mds.23258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial defects that affect cellular energy metabolism have long been implicated in the etiology of Huntington's disease (HD). Indeed, several studies have found defects in the mitochondrial functions of the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of HD patients. In this study, we investigated the in vivo oxidative metabolism of exercising muscle in HD patients. Ventilatory and cardiometabolic parameters and plasma lactate concentrations were monitored during incremental cardiopulmonary exercise in twenty-five HD subjects and twenty-five healthy subjects. The total exercise capacity was normal in HD subjects but notably the HD patients and presymptomatic mutation carriers had a lower anaerobic threshold than the control subjects. The low anaerobic threshold of HD patients was associated with an increase in the concentration of plasma lactate. We also analyzed in vitro muscular cell cultures and found that HD cells produce more lactate than the cells of healthy subjects. Finally, we analyzed skeletal muscle samples by electron microscopy and we observed striking mitochondrial structural abnormalities in two out of seven HD subjects. Our findings confirm mitochondrial abnormalities in HD patients' skeletal muscle and suggest that the mitochondrial dysfunction is reflected functionally in a low anaerobic threshold and an increased lactate synthesis during intense physical exercise. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ciammola
- Department of Neurology, Centro Dino Ferrari Università degli Studi di Milano-IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|