1
|
Morón-Ortiz Á, Mapelli-Brahm P, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Sustainable Green Extraction of Carotenoid Pigments: Innovative Technologies and Bio-Based Solvents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:239. [PMID: 38397837 PMCID: PMC10886214 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are ubiquitous and versatile isoprenoid compounds. The intake of foods rich in these pigments is often associated with health benefits, attributable to the provitamin A activity of some of them and different mechanisms. The importance of carotenoids and their derivatives for the production of foods and health-promotion through the diet is beyond doubt. In the new circular economy paradigm, the recovery of carotenoids in the biorefinery process is highly desirable, for which greener processes and solvents are being advocated for, considering the many studies being conducted at the laboratory scale. This review summarizes information on different extraction technologies (ultrasound, microwaves, pulsed electric fields, pressurized liquid extraction, sub- and supercritical fluid extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction) and green solvents (ethyl lactate, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, natural deep eutectic solvents, and ionic liquids), which are potential substitutes for more toxic and less environmentally friendly solvents. Additionally, it discusses the results of the latest studies on the sustainable green extraction of carotenoids. The conclusions drawn from the review indicate that while laboratory results are often promising, the scalability to real industrial scenarios poses a significant challenge. Furthermore, incorporating life cycle assessment analyses is crucial for a comprehensive evaluation of the sustainability of innovative extraction processes compared to industry-standard methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (Á.M.-O.); (A.J.M.-M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Morón-Ortiz Á, Mapelli-Brahm P, León-Vaz A, Benitez-González AM, León R, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of carotenoids from phytoene-accumulating Chlorella sorokiniana microalgae: Effect of milling and performance of the green biosolvents 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and ethyl lactate. Food Chem 2024; 434:137437. [PMID: 37716142 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at optimizing the accumulation of phytoene in Chlorella sorokiniana by using norflurazon and investigating the capacity of green and traditional solvents to extract carotenoids by ultrasound-assisted extraction with and without previous milling. Phytoene-rich first described C. sorokiniana biomass was used, both fresh, freeze-dried, and encapsulated. The ideal dose of norflurazon (1 µg/mL) was selected to block the carotenoid pathway at the level of phytoene desaturase and induce the accumulation of phytoene in C. sorokiniana. A mill pre-treatment allowed a higher recovery of carotenoids compared to non-milled samples, in both the freeze-dried and encapsulated matrices. 2-Methyloxolane provided a higher total carotenoid content (4.75-5546.96 µg/g) compared to the other solvents tested in all the matrices, proving a promising bio-based solvent to replace traditional organic ones for the extraction of microalgal carotenoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles Morón-Ortiz
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio León-Vaz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and RENSMA, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ana M Benitez-González
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa León
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and RENSMA, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Coyago-Cruz E, Moya M, Méndez G, Villacís M, Rojas-Silva P, Corell M, Mapelli-Brahm P, Vicario IM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Exploring Plants with Flowers: From Therapeutic Nutritional Benefits to Innovative Sustainable Uses. Foods 2023; 12:4066. [PMID: 38002124 PMCID: PMC10671036 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowers have played a significant role in society, focusing on their aesthetic value rather than their food potential. This study's goal was to look into flowering plants for everything from health benefits to other possible applications. This review presents detailed information on 119 species of flowers with agri-food and health relevance. Data were collected on their family, species, common name, commonly used plant part, bioremediation applications, main chemical compounds, medicinal and gastronomic uses, and concentration of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids and phenolic compounds. In this respect, 87% of the floral species studied contain some toxic compounds, sometimes making them inedible, but specific molecules from these species have been used in medicine. Seventy-six percent can be consumed in low doses by infusion. In addition, 97% of the species studied are reported to have medicinal uses (32% immune system), and 63% could be used in the bioremediation of contaminated environments. Significantly, more than 50% of the species were only analysed for total concentrations of carotenoids and phenolic compounds, indicating a significant gap in identifying specific molecules of these bioactive compounds. These potential sources of bioactive compounds could transform the health and nutraceutical industries, offering innovative approaches to combat oxidative stress and promote optimal well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Coyago-Cruz
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Melany Moya
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Obstetricia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Iquique, Luis Sodiro N14-121, Quito 170146, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Méndez
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Michael Villacís
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre N2422 y Wilson, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Patricio Rojas-Silva
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Mireia Corell
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC de Uso Sostenible del Suelo y el Agua en la Agricultura (US-IRNAS), Crta. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (A.J.M.-M.)
| | - Isabel M. Vicario
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (A.J.M.-M.)
| | - Antonio J. Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain (A.J.M.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Gómez-Villegas P, Gonda ML, León-Vaz A, León R, Mildenberger J, Rebours C, Saravia V, Vero S, Vila E, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Microalgae, Seaweeds and Aquatic Bacteria, Archaea, and Yeasts: Sources of Carotenoids with Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Health-Promoting Actions in the Sustainability Era. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:340. [PMID: 37367666 DOI: 10.3390/md21060340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are a large group of health-promoting compounds used in many industrial sectors, such as foods, feeds, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and colorants. Considering the global population growth and environmental challenges, it is essential to find new sustainable sources of carotenoids beyond those obtained from agriculture. This review focuses on the potential use of marine archaea, bacteria, algae, and yeast as biological factories of carotenoids. A wide variety of carotenoids, including novel ones, were identified in these organisms. The role of carotenoids in marine organisms and their potential health-promoting actions have also been discussed. Marine organisms have a great capacity to synthesize a wide variety of carotenoids, which can be obtained in a renewable manner without depleting natural resources. Thus, it is concluded that they represent a key sustainable source of carotenoids that could help Europe achieve its Green Deal and Recovery Plan. Additionally, the lack of standards, clinical studies, and toxicity analysis reduces the use of marine organisms as sources of traditional and novel carotenoids. Therefore, further research on the processing of marine organisms, the biosynthetic pathways, extraction procedures, and examination of their content is needed to increase carotenoid productivity, document their safety, and decrease costs for their industrial implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Patricia Gómez-Villegas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Mariana Lourdes Gonda
- Área Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Antonio León-Vaz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Rosa León
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Marine International Campus of Excellence and REMSMA, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | | | | | - Verónica Saravia
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay
| | - Silvana Vero
- Área Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eugenia Vila
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang M, Morón-Ortiz Á, Zhou J, Benítez-González A, Mapelli-Brahm P, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Barba FJ. Effects of Pressurized Liquid Extraction with dimethyl sulfoxide on the recovery of carotenoids and other dietary valuable compounds from the microalgae Spirulina, Chlorella and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Food Chem 2022; 405:134885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
6
|
Olmedilla-Alonso B, Benítez-González AM, Estévez-Santiago R, Mapelli-Brahm P, Stinco CM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Assessment of Food Sources and the Intake of the Colourless Carotenoids Phytoene and Phytofluene in Spain. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124436. [PMID: 34959988 PMCID: PMC8706092 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoene (PT) and phytofluene (PTF), colorless carotenoids, have largely been ignored in food science studies, food technology, and nutrition. However, they are present in commonly consumed foods and may have health-promotion effects and possible uses as cosmetics. The goal of this study is to assess the most important food sources of PT and PTF and their dietary intakes in a representative sample of the adult Spanish population. A total of 62 food samples were analyzed (58 fruit and vegetables; seven items with different varieties/color) and carotenoid data of four foods (three fruits and one processed food) were compiled. PT concentration was higher than that of PTF in all the foods analyzed. The highest PT content was found in carrot, apricot, commercial tomato juice, and orange (7.3, 2.8, 2.0, and 1.1 mg/100 g, respectively). The highest PTF level was detected in carrots, commercial tomato sauce and canned tomato, apricot, and orange juice (1.7, 1.2, 1.0, 0.6, and 0.04 mg/100 g, respectively). The daily intakes of PT and PTF were 1.89 and 0.47 mg/person/day, respectively. The major contributors to the dietary intake of PT (98%) and PTF (73%) were: carrot, tomato, orange/orange juice, apricot, and watermelon. PT and PTF are mainly supplied by vegetables (81% and 69%, respectively). Considering the color of the edible part of the foods analyzed (fruit, vegetables, sauces, and beverages), the major contributor to the daily intake of PT and PTF (about 98%) were of red/orange color.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Olmedilla-Alonso
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.O.-A.); (A.J.M.-M.)
| | - Ana M. Benítez-González
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-G.); (P.M.-B.); (C.M.S.)
| | | | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-G.); (P.M.-B.); (C.M.S.)
| | - Carla M. Stinco
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-G.); (P.M.-B.); (C.M.S.)
| | - Antonio J. Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.M.B.-G.); (P.M.-B.); (C.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.O.-A.); (A.J.M.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Benítez A, Corell M, Hernanz D, Mapelli-Brahm P, Stinco C, Coyago-Cruz E. Screening for Innovative Sources of Carotenoids and Phenolic Antioxidants among Flowers. Foods 2021; 10:2625. [PMID: 34828906 PMCID: PMC8623576 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowers have been used for centuries in decoration and traditional medicine, and as components of dishes. In this study, carotenoids and phenolics from 125 flowers were determined by liquid chromatography (RRLC and UHPLC). After comparing four different extractants, the carotenoids were extracted with acetone: methanol (2:1), which led to a recovery of 83%. The phenolic compounds were extracted with 0.1% acidified methanol. The petals of the edible flowers Renealmia alpinia and Lantana camara showed the highest values of theoretical vitamin A activity expressed as retinol activity equivalents (RAE), i.e., 19.1 and 4.1 RAE/g fresh weight, respectively. The sample with the highest total phenolic contents was Punica granatum orange (146.7 mg/g dry weight). It was concluded that in most cases, flowers with high carotenoid contents did not contain high phenolic content and vice versa. The results of this study can help to develop innovative concepts and products for the industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.J.M.-M.); (A.B.); (P.M.-B.); (C.S.)
| | - Ana Benítez
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.J.M.-M.); (A.B.); (P.M.-B.); (C.S.)
| | - Mireia Corell
- Department Ciencias Agroforestales, Universidad de Sevilla, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Carrera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC de Uso Sostenible del Suelo y el Agua en la Agricultura (US-IRNAS), Crta. De Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Dolores Hernanz
- Department Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.J.M.-M.); (A.B.); (P.M.-B.); (C.S.)
| | - Carla Stinco
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (A.J.M.-M.); (A.B.); (P.M.-B.); (C.S.)
| | - Elena Coyago-Cruz
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Sede Quito, Campus El Girón, Av. 12 de Octubre, 170517 Quito, Ecuador;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Mapelli-Brahm P. The undercover colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene: Importance in agro-food and health in the Green Deal era and possibilities for innovation. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
9
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. The colourless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene: sources, consumption, bioavailability and health effects. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
10
|
Dias MG, Borge GIA, Kljak K, Mandić AI, Mapelli-Brahm P, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Pintea AM, Ravasco F, Tumbas Šaponjac V, Sereikaitė J, Vargas-Murga L, Vulić JJ, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. European Database of Carotenoid Levels in Foods. Factors Affecting Carotenoid Content. Foods 2021; 10:foods10050912. [PMID: 33919309 PMCID: PMC8143354 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies indicate that diets including carotenoid-rich foods have positive effects on human health. Some of these compounds are precursors of the essential nutrient vitamin A. The present work is aimed at implementing a database of carotenoid contents of foods available in the European market. Factors affecting carotenoid content were also discussed. Analytical data available in peer-reviewed scientific literature from 1990 to 2018 and obtained by HPLC/UHPLC were considered. The database includes foods classified according to the FoodEx2 system and will benefit compilers, nutritionists and other professionals in areas related to food and human health. The results show the importance of food characterization to ensure its intercomparability, as large variations in carotenoid levels are observed between species and among varieties/cultivars/landraces. This highlights the significance of integrating nutritional criteria into agricultural choices and of promoting biodiversity. The uncertainty quantification associated with the measurements of the carotenoid content was very rarely evaluated in the literature consulted. According to the EuroFIR data quality evaluation system for food composition tables, the total data quality index mean was 24 in 35, reflecting efforts by researchers in the analytical methods, and less resources in the sampling plan documentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Graça Dias
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.G.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Grethe Iren A. Borge
- Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, NO 1433 Ås, Norway;
| | - Kristina Kljak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Anamarija I. Mandić
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | | | - Adela M. Pintea
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Francisco Ravasco
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.G.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.T.Š.); (J.J.V.)
| | - Jolanta Sereikaitė
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | | | - Jelena J. Vulić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.T.Š.); (J.J.V.)
| | - Antonio J. Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Mandić AI, Bantis F, Böhm V, Borge GIA, Brnčić M, Bysted A, Cano MP, Dias MG, Elgersma A, Fikselová M, García-Alonso J, Giuffrida D, Gonçalves VSS, Hornero-Méndez D, Kljak K, Lavelli V, Manganaris GA, Mapelli-Brahm P, Marounek M, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Periago-Castón MJ, Pintea A, Sheehan JJ, Tumbas Šaponjac V, Valšíková-Frey M, Meulebroek LV, O'Brien N. A comprehensive review on carotenoids in foods and feeds: status quo, applications, patents, and research needs. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:1999-2049. [PMID: 33399015 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are isoprenoids widely distributed in foods that have been always part of the diet of humans. Unlike the other so-called food bioactives, some carotenoids can be converted into retinoids exhibiting vitamin A activity, which is essential for humans. Furthermore, they are much more versatile as they are relevant in foods not only as sources of vitamin A, but also as natural pigments, antioxidants, and health-promoting compounds. Lately, they are also attracting interest in the context of nutricosmetics, as they have been shown to provide cosmetic benefits when ingested in appropriate amounts. In this work, resulting from the collaborative work of participants of the COST Action European network to advance carotenoid research and applications in agro-food and health (EUROCAROTEN, www.eurocaroten.eu, https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA15136/#tabs|Name:overview) research on carotenoids in foods and feeds is thoroughly reviewed covering aspects such as analysis, carotenoid food sources, carotenoid databases, effect of processing and storage conditions, new trends in carotenoid extraction, daily intakes, use as human, and feed additives are addressed. Furthermore, classical and recent patents regarding the obtaining and formulation of carotenoids for several purposes are pinpointed and briefly discussed. Lastly, emerging research lines as well as research needs are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Nutrition and Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine Department, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anamarija I Mandić
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Filippos Bantis
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Volker Böhm
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Grethe Iren A Borge
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Nofima-Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Mladen Brnčić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anette Bysted
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Graça Dias
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Martina Fikselová
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristina Kljak
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Lavelli
- DeFENS-Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - George A Manganaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology & Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Adela Pintea
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | | | | | - Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nora O'Brien
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stinco CM, Sentandreu E, Mapelli-Brahm P, Navarro JL, Vicario IM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Influence of high pressure homogenization and pasteurization on the in vitro bioaccessibility of carotenoids and flavonoids in orange juice. Food Chem 2020; 331:127259. [PMID: 32562977 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Production of high-quality healthy foods through sustainable methodologies is an urgent necessity. High pressure homogenization (HPH) is an interesting alternative to obtain premium citrus juices, but its effects on bioactive compounds are unclear. There was studied the influence of HPH (150 MPa) and pasteurization (92 °C for 30 s and 85 °C for 15 s) processing on physicochemical properties and in vitro bioaccessibility of carotenoids and flavonoids in orange juices. Regarding fresh juice, physicochemical properties of samples remained unchanged although cloudiness was improved by homogenization. Pasteurization did not affect total carotenoids content and retinol activity equivalents (RAE) of juices whereas homogenization yielded a significant reduction (1.37 and 1.35-fold, respectively). Interestingly, particle size reduction from homogenization drastically enhanced (about 5-fold) bioaccessibility of carotenoids including hardly bioaccessible epoxycarotenoids, finding unaltered rates in pasteurized samples. Bioaccessibility of flavonoids was constant in all cases. Results can promote HPH as an efficient option to obtain health-enhanced foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Stinco
- Food Colour & Quality Lab., Dept. Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Enrique Sentandreu
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Ave. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Lab., Dept. Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José L Navarro
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Ave. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel M Vicario
- Food Colour & Quality Lab., Dept. Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Barba FJ, Remize F, Garcia C, Fessard A, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Sant'Ana AS, Lorenzo JM, Montesano D, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. The impact of fermentation processes on the production, retention and bioavailability of carotenoids: An overview. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
14
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Rodríguez-Pulido FJ, Stinco CM, Heredia FJ, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Applications of Visible Spectroscopy and Color Measurements in the Assessments of Carotenoid Levels in Foods. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2083:103-116. [PMID: 31745916 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9952-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The color of the food can be evaluated visually or instrumentally. The instrumental measurement allows to measure the color objectively and can be carried out by different techniques, most of them fast, cheap, and simple. Carotenoids are responsible for the color of many plants and foods. The measurement of color can be an effective tool to determine indirectly the concentration of carotenoids in plants and foods. In this chapter, we describe both traditional and recent methodologies for color measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Carla M Stinco
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J Heredia
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour and Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Giuffrida D, Cacciola F, Mapelli-Brahm P, Stinco CM, Dugo P, Oteri M, Mondello L, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Free carotenoids and carotenoids esters composition in Spanish orange and mandarin juices from diverse varieties. Food Chem 2019; 300:125139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
16
|
Amrani-Allalou H, Boulekbache-Makhlouf L, Mapelli-Brahm P, Sait S, Tenore GC, Benmeziane A, Kadri N, Madani K, Jesús Meléndez Martínez A. Antioxidant activity, carotenoids, chlorophylls and mineral composition from leaves of Pallenis spinosa: an Algerian medicinal plant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 17:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0081/jcim-2017-0081.xml. [DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundPlant and medicinal herbs are important sources of bioactive compounds and minerals that can play a role in preventing various diseases and they are considered a factor indispensable for the proper functioning of the human body.MethodsWe investigated the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls of leaves fromPallenis spinosa(P. spinosa), as well as their antioxidant activity and mineral composition then, we optimized the solvent extraction for the recovery of total carotenoids and chlorophylls using spectrophotometric method. Finally, we tested the antioxidant activity of the optimized extract by three assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) and we determined the mineral composition by Emission Spectrometer Induced Couple Plasma (ICP).ResultsCarotenoid (CART), chlorophylls (CHLa + b), chlorophyll a (CHLA), chlorophyll b (CHLB) contents were about 36.337 ± 0.312; 347.769 ± 6.326; 224.286 ± 5.601; 123.483 ± 1.339 mg/100 g dw, respectively. We revealed an interesting antioxidant capacity by the tested extract (DPPH: 127.522 ± 1.406 mmol ET/Kgdw, ABTS: 104.827 ± 1.222 mmol ET/Kgdwand FRAP 71.89 ± 0.495 ± 0.994 mmol ET/Kgdw). Carotenoids and chlorophylls content correlate positively with the antioxidant activity ofP. spinosaleaves extract (r=0.646–0.986). Eight minerals have been detected (Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Cr), Mg and Ca being the predominant ones (6479.32 ± 48.33 and 3851.88 ± 130.63 mg/Kg, respectively).ConclusionsThese results have shown thatP. spinosaleaves are a good source of carotenoids and chlorophylls with a potent antioxidant potential with high amount of minerals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Amrani-Allalou
- Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia06000, Algérie
| | | | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Lab., Dpt. of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Sabrina Sait
- Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia06000, Algérie
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, Bouira10000, Algérie
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II” Via Domenico Montesano, Via Domenico Montesano, 49Napoli, Campania80131, Italy
| | - Akila Benmeziane
- Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia06000, Algérie
| | - Nabil Kadri
- Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia06000, Algérie
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, Bouira10000, Algérie
| | - Khodir Madani
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algérie
- Centre de recherche en technologie agro-alimentaire, Route de tergua-ouzemour, 06000, Bejaia, Algérie
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Margier M, Desmarchelier C, Halimi C, Nowicki M, Borel P, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Reboul E. Comparison of the bioavailability and intestinal absorption sites of phytoene, phytofluene, lycopene and β-carotene. Food Chem 2019; 300:125232. [PMID: 31352286 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of main tomato carotenes (phytoene, phytofluene, lycopene and β-carotene) intestinal absorption are still only partly understood. We thus compared carotene bioavailability in mice after gavage with carotene-rich oil-in-water emulsions. We also determined each carotene absorption profile along the duodenal-ileal axis of the intestine to identify their respective absorption sites and compared these profiles with the gene expression sites of their identified transporters, i.e. SR-BI and CD36. Our data show that phytofluene presented a significantly higher bioavailability compared to lycopene and β-carotene (areas under the curve of 0.76 ± 0.09 vs. 0.30 ± 0.05, 0.09 ± 0.05 and 0.08 ± 0.01 μmol/L·h for phytofluene, phytoene, lycopene and β-carotene, respectively). β-Carotene was mostly converted in the proximal and median intestine. Phytoene and phytofluene accumulation tended to be more important in the distal intestine, which did not correlate with the proximal expression of both Scarb1 and CD36. Overall, these results highlight the high bioavailability of phytofluene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Lab, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Marion Nowicki
- Aix Marseille Univ, INRA, INSERM, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Borel
- Aix Marseille Univ, INRA, INSERM, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stinco CM, Szczepańska J, Marszałek K, Pinto CA, Inácio RS, Mapelli-Brahm P, Barba FJ, Lorenzo JM, Saraiva JA, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Effect of high-pressure processing on carotenoids profile, colour, microbial and enzymatic stability of cloudy carrot juice. Food Chem 2019; 299:125112. [PMID: 31299521 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to assess the impact of high-pressure processing (HPP) on the carotenoid profile, colour as well as the microbial and enzymatic stability of cloudy carrot juice. The predominant carotenoids in the fresh juices were by far the provitamin A carotenoids β-carotene and α-carotene. Others were ζ-carotene, phytofluene, phytoene and lutein. HPP at 300 MPa in three cycles caused the highest carotenoids degradation (41%) whereas the lowest degradation (26%) was achieved at 600 MPa. The highest inactivation of POD (31%) and PPO (57%) was achieved with 600 MPa and 300 MPa applied in three cycles, respectively what indicates that POD is more responsible for carotenoids degradation. The colour differences (ΔE*ab) between fresh juice and HPP-treated juices ranged from 3.02 to 4.15 CIELAB units. As far as the impact on microorganism was concerned, there was a clear trend between the applied pressure and the microbial reduction achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Stinco
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Farmacia, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Justyna Szczepańska
- Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, 36 Rakowiecka St., 02532 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Marszałek
- Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, 36 Rakowiecka St., 02532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Carlos A Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita S Inácio
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Farmacia, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, rúa Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Farmacia, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Stinco CM, Mapelli-Brahm P. Skin Carotenoids in Public Health and Nutricosmetics: The Emerging Roles and Applications of the UV Radiation-Absorbing Colourless Carotenoids Phytoene and Phytofluene. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051093. [PMID: 31100970 PMCID: PMC6566388 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the importance of dietary carotenoids in skin health and appearance is comprehensively reviewed and discussed. References are made to their applications in health-promoting and nutricosmetic products and the important public health implications that can be derived. Attention is focused on the colourless UV radiation (UVR)-absorbing dietary carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene, which are attracting increased interest in food science and technology, nutrition, health and cosmetics. These compounds are major dietary carotenoids, readily bioavailable, and have been shown to be involved in several health-promoting actions, as pinpointed in recent reviews. The growing evidence that these unique UVR-absorbing carotenoids with distinctive structures, properties (light absorption, susceptibility to oxidation, rigidity, tendency to aggregation, or even fluorescence, in the case of phytofluene) and activities can be beneficial in these contexts is highlighted. Additionally, the recommendation that the levels of these carotenoids are considered in properly assessing skin carotenoid status is made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Carla M Stinco
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Desmarchelier C, Margier M, Reboul E, Meléndez Martínez AJ, Borel P. Phytoene and Phytofluene Isolated from a Tomato Extract are Readily Incorporated in Mixed Micelles and Absorbed by Caco-2 Cells, as Compared to Lycopene, and SR-BI is Involved in their Cellular Uptake. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800703. [PMID: 30192047 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Absorption mechanisms of phytoene (PT) and phytofluene (PTF) are poorly known. The main objectives of the study are to measure their micellization and intestinal cell uptake efficiencies and to compare them to those of commonly consumed carotenoids. Other objectives are to assess the involvement of protein(s) in their cellular uptake and whether they compete with other carotenoids for micellization and cellular uptake. METHODS AND RESULTS Tomato-extract-purified PT and PTF, mainly present as cis-isomers, are much better incorporated in synthetic mixed micelles than pure all-trans lycopene. PT impairs lycopene micellization (-56%, P < 0.05) while PT and PTF do not significantly affect the micellization of other carotenoids, and vice versa. At low concentration, Caco-2 PTF uptake is higher (P < 0.05) than that of PT and lycopene (29%, 21%, and not detectable). SR-BI, but not CD36 neither NPC1L1, is involved in PT and PTF uptake. PT and PTF impair (p < 0.05) β-carotene uptake (-13 and -22%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The high bioaccessibility of PT and PTF can be partly explained by their high micellization efficiency, which is likely due to their natural cis isomerization and/or to their high molecular flexibility. SR-BI is involved in their cellular uptake, which can explain competitions with other carotenoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Lab., Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Borel
- C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, INRA, INSERM, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Stinco CM, Rodrigo MJ, Zacarías L, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Impact of thermal treatments on the bioaccessibility of phytoene and phytofluene in relation to changes in the microstructure and size of orange juice particles. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
|
22
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Mapelli-Brahm P, Stinco CM. The colourless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene: From dietary sources to their usefulness for the functional foods and nutricosmetics industries. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
23
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Hernanz-Vila D, Stinco CM, Heredia FJ, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Isoprenoids composition and colour to differentiate virgin olive oils from a specific mill. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Stinco CM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Comparative study of the bioaccessibility of the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene in powders and pulps of tomato: microstructural analysis and effect of addition of sunflower oil. Food Funct 2018; 9:5016-5023. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01208c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bioaccessibility of phytoene and phytofluene, two carotenoids that are attracting much attention, from tomato powders and pulps was analysed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Food Colour & Quality Lab
- Area of Nutrition & Food Science
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Seville
- Spain
| | - Carla M. Stinco
- Food Colour & Quality Lab
- Area of Nutrition & Food Science
- Universidad de Sevilla
- Seville
- Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Mapelli-Brahm P, Benítez-González A, Stinco CM. Corrigendum to “A comprehensive review on the colourless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene” [Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 572 (2015) 188–200]. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 631:30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
26
|
Mapelli-Brahm P, Corte-Real J, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Bohn T. Bioaccessibility of phytoene and phytofluene is superior to other carotenoids from selected fruit and vegetable juices. Food Chem 2017; 229:304-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
27
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Mapelli-Brahm P, Benítez-González A, Stinco CM. A comprehensive review on the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 572:188-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
28
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Paulino M, Stinco CM, Mapelli-Brahm P, Wang XD. Study of the time-course of cis/trans (Z/E) isomerization of lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene from tomato. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:12399-12406. [PMID: 25426993 DOI: 10.1021/jf5041965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the formation of isomers of lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene from tomato and their theoretical energy. The results indicated that certain (Z)-isomers are favored thermodynamically and/or kinetically over their (all-E)-counterparts. The relative percentages of (5Z)-lycopene in either thermodynamic or kinetic equilibria were approximately 33%, and those of (all-E)-lycopene were only approximately 22%. Most strikingly (15Z)-phytoene was the major isomer (>90%) when the thermodynamic or the kinetic equilibria were reached. These observations can explain the high levels of lycopene (Z)-isomers found in humans and their rapid formations upon additions of oil to tomato products. In addition, the results can be useful to predict the isomeric forms of lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene expected in foods as well as in plasma and tissues upon ingestion. In light of the data in the present study, the use of certain geometrical isomers of phytoene, phytofluene and lycopene on their own or as mixtures is recommended in future studies aimed at assessing their possible bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla , C/P Garcia Gonzalez 2, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|