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Silva AF, Silva RM, Murawska-Ciałowicz E, Zurek G, Danek N, Cialowicz M, Carvalho J, Clemente FM. Cognitive Training with Older Adults Using Smartphone and Web-Based Applications: A Scoping Review. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:693-700. [PMID: 38706285 PMCID: PMC11060990 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present scoping review focused on: i) which apps were previously studied; ii) what is the most common frequency for implementing cognitive training; and iii) what cognitive functions the interventions most focus on. METHODS PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the search was conducted on Web of Science, PsycInfo, Cochrane, and Pubmed. From 1733 studies found, 34 were included. RESULTS it was highlighted the necessity for forthcoming investigations to tackle the methodical restrictions and disparities in the domain. DISCUSSION great diversity in intervention protocols was found. Incorporating evaluations of physical fitness in conjunction with cognitive evaluations can offer a more all-encompassing comprehension of the impacts of combined interventions. Furthermore, exploring the efficacy of cognitive training applications requires additional scrutiny, considering individual variances and practical outcomes in real-life settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Silva
- Rui Miguel Silva, Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer - Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Complexo Desportivo e Lazer Comendador Rui Solheiro Monte de Prado, 4960-320 Melgaço, Tel.. +351 258 809 678,
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Silva RM, Rocha J, Silva RF. ALD/MLD coating of patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube micropillars with Fe-NH 2TP hybrids. Nanoscale 2023. [PMID: 37306049 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01610b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The creation of nanoscale organic-inorganic hybrid coatings with uniform architecture and high surface area, while maintaining their structural and morphological integrity, remains a significant challenge in the field. In this study, we present a novel solution, by utilizing Atomic/Molecular Layer Deposition (ALD/MLD) to coat patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube micropillars with a conformal amorphous layer of Fe-NH2TP, which is a trivalent iron complex complexed with 2-amino terephthalate. The effectiveness of the coating is verified through multiple analytical techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The Fe-NH2TP hybrid film exhibits hydrophobic properties, as confirmed by water contact angle measurements. Our findings contribute to advancing the understanding of how to grow high-quality one-dimensional materials using ALD/MLD and hold promise for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - J Rocha
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R F Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Freire CA, Silva RM, Ruiz RC, Pimenta DC, Bryant JA, Henderson IR, Barbosa AS, Elias WP. Secreted Autotransporter Toxin (Sat) Mediates Innate Immune System Evasion. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844878. [PMID: 35251044 PMCID: PMC8891578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several strategies are used by Escherichia coli to evade the host innate immune system in the blood, such as the cleavage of complement system proteins by secreted proteases. Members of the Serine Proteases Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) family have been described as presenting proteolytic effects against complement proteins. Among the SPATE-encoding genes sat (secreted autotransporter toxin) has been detected in high frequencies among strains of E. coli isolated from bacteremia. Sat has been characterized for its cytotoxic action, but the possible immunomodulatory effects of Sat have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the proteolytic effects of Sat on complement proteins and the role in pathogenesis of BSI caused by extraintestinal E. coli (ExPEC). E. coli EC071 was selected as a Sat-producing ExPEC strain. Whole-genome sequencing showed that sat sequences of EC071 and uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 present 99% identity. EC071 was shown to be resistant to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum (NHS). Purified native Sat was used in proteolytic assays with proteins of the complement system and, except for C1q, all tested substrates were cleaved by Sat in a dose and time-dependent manner. Moreover, E. coli DH5α survived in NHS pre-incubated with Sat. EC071-derivative strains harboring sat knockout and in trans complementations producing either active or non-active Sat were tested in a murine sepsis model. Lethality was reduced by 50% when mice were inoculated with the sat mutant strain. The complemented strain producing active Sat partially restored the effect caused by the wild-type strain. The results presented in this study show that Sat presents immunomodulatory effects by cleaving several proteins of the three complement system pathways. Therefore, Sat plays an important role in the establishment of bloodstream infections and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Freire
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita C Ruiz
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Pimenta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jack A Bryant
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Angela S Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nascimento JAS, Santos FF, Santos-Neto JF, Trovão LO, Valiatti TB, Pinaffi IC, Vieira MAM, Silva RM, Falsetti IN, Santos ACM, Gomes TAT. Molecular Epidemiology and Presence of Hybrid Pathogenic Escherichia coli among Isolates from Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020302. [PMID: 35208757 PMCID: PMC8874565 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect community and healthcare patients worldwide and may have different clinical outcomes. We assessed the phylogenetic origin, the presence of 43 virulence factors (VFs) of diarrheagenic and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli, and the occurrence of hybrid strains among E. coli isolates from 172 outpatients with different types of UTI. Isolates from phylogroup B2 (46%) prevailed, followed by phylogroups A (15.7%) and B1 (12.2%), with similar phylogenetic distribution in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The most frequent VFs according to their functional category were fimA (94.8%), ompA (83.1%), ompT (63.3%), chuA (57.6%), and vat (22%). Using published molecular criteria, 34.3% and 18.0% of the isolates showed intrinsic virulence and uropathogenic potential, respectively. Two strains carried the eae and escV genes and one the aggR gene, which classified them as hybrid strains. These hybrid strains interacted with renal and bladder cells, reinforcing their uropathogenic potential. The frequency of UPEC strains bearing a more pathogenic potential in the outpatients studied was smaller than reported in other regions. Our data contribute to deepening current knowledge about the mechanisms involved in UTI pathogenesis, especially among hybrid UPEC strains, as these could colonize the host’s intestine, leading to intestinal infections followed by UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júllia A. S. Nascimento
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias (LEPE), Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (J.A.S.N.); (J.F.S.-N.); (L.O.T.); (M.A.M.V.); (A.C.M.S.)
| | - Fernanda F. Santos
- Laboratório Alerta, Disciplina de Infectologia, Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (F.F.S.); (T.B.V.)
| | - José F. Santos-Neto
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias (LEPE), Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (J.A.S.N.); (J.F.S.-N.); (L.O.T.); (M.A.M.V.); (A.C.M.S.)
| | - Liana O. Trovão
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias (LEPE), Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (J.A.S.N.); (J.F.S.-N.); (L.O.T.); (M.A.M.V.); (A.C.M.S.)
| | - Tiago B. Valiatti
- Laboratório Alerta, Disciplina de Infectologia, Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (F.F.S.); (T.B.V.)
| | - Isabel C. Pinaffi
- Laboratório Santa Cruz Medicina Diagnóstica, Mogi Guaçu 13840-052, Brazil; (I.C.P.); (I.N.F.)
| | - Mônica A. M. Vieira
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias (LEPE), Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (J.A.S.N.); (J.F.S.-N.); (L.O.T.); (M.A.M.V.); (A.C.M.S.)
| | - Rosa M. Silva
- Laboratório de Enterobactérias, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil;
| | - Ivan N. Falsetti
- Laboratório Santa Cruz Medicina Diagnóstica, Mogi Guaçu 13840-052, Brazil; (I.C.P.); (I.N.F.)
| | - Ana C. M. Santos
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias (LEPE), Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (J.A.S.N.); (J.F.S.-N.); (L.O.T.); (M.A.M.V.); (A.C.M.S.)
| | - Tânia A. T. Gomes
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias (LEPE), Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (J.A.S.N.); (J.F.S.-N.); (L.O.T.); (M.A.M.V.); (A.C.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-5576-4848
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Silva RM, Silva IMM, Jesus MC, Fernandes MDB, Oliveira FS, Evêncio-Neto J. Co-relationship between Escherichia coli in broiler cellulitis and liver lesions. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:714-718. [PMID: 32965333 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.230243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli may invade the subcutaneous tissue of poultry and cause cellulitis, whilst the pathogen may also cause lesions in internal organs such as the liver. Current paper co-relates Escherichia coli and virulence genes characteristic of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in broilers´ cellulitis and liver lesions. One hundred carcasses were retrieved from the production chain in an avian abattoir in the state of Bahia, Brazil, between August 2013 and January 2014, due to detection of cellulitis lesions. Cellulitis and liver samples were retrieved aseptically to quantify E. coli by Petrifilm™ count fast method (3M Company) (AOAC 998.8). Virulent genes iss and iutA were removed from E. coli isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Escherichia coli was isolated from 82.0% of broilers removed from the production chain and the bacterium was concomitantly detected in cellulitis and liver lesions in 40.0% of broilers. E. coli counts ranged between 1.00 and 4.73 log CFU/g in liver lesions and between 2.00 and 9.00 log UFC/g in cellulitis lesions. Virulent genes iutA and iss were detected in 97.56% and 89.02% of E. coli isolates, respectively. Genotype analysis demonstrated the concomitant amplification of genes iutA and iss in 60.0% (n=40) of samples of cellulitis and liver lesions in which the simultaneous isolation of E. coli occurred. There was a positive and significant co-relationship (r=0.22; p<0.05) between the variables occurrence of E. coli isolated from liver samples and the occurrence of E. coli isolated from cellulitis lesions. There were also positive and significant co-relationships between populations of E. coli from liver isolates and cellulitis lesions (r=0.46; p<0.05) when E. coli isolated in the liver and in cellulitis lesions was detected. Since results showed a relationship between E. coli in cellulitis and liver lesions and possible systemic infection, the occurrence of cellulitis lesions as a criterion for total discarding of carcass may be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia - UFRB, Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudo e Pesquisa em Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - I M M Silva
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia - UFRB, Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudo e Pesquisa em Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - M C Jesus
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias Ambientais e Biológicas - UFRB, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil
| | - M D B Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia - UFRB, Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudo e Pesquisa em Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - F S Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia - UFRB, Complexo Multidisciplinar de Estudo e Pesquisa em Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brasil
| | - J Evêncio-Neto
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Histopatologia, Recife, PE, Brasil
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Silva RM, Abreu AA, Salvador AF, Alves MM, Neves IC, Pereira MA. Zeolite addition to improve biohydrogen production from dark fermentation of C5/C6-sugars and Sargassum sp. biomass. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16350. [PMID: 34381104 PMCID: PMC8358045 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermophilic biohydrogen production by dark fermentation from a mixture (1:1) of C5 (arabinose) and C6 (glucose) sugars, present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, and from Sargassum sp. biomass, is studied in this work in batch assays and also in a continuous reactor experiment. Pursuing the interest of studying interactions between inorganic materials (adsorbents, conductive and others) and anaerobic bacteria, the biological processes were amended with variable amounts of a zeolite type-13X in the range of zeolite/inoculum (in VS) ratios (Z/I) of 0.065–0.26 g g−1. In the batch assays, the presence of the zeolite was beneficial to increase the hydrogen titer by 15–21% with C5 and C6-sugars as compared to the control, and an increase of 27% was observed in the batch fermentation of Sargassum sp. Hydrogen yields also increased by 10–26% with sugars in the presence of the zeolite. The rate of hydrogen production increased linearly with the Z/I ratios in the experiments with C5 and C6-sugars. In the batch assay with Sargassum sp., there was an optimum value of Z/I of 0.13 g g−1 where the H2 production rate observed was the highest, although all values were in a narrow range between 3.21 and 4.19 mmol L−1 day−1. The positive effect of the zeolite was also observed in a continuous high-rate reactor fed with C5 and C6-sugars. The increase of the organic loading rate (OLR) from 8.8 to 17.6 kg m−3 day−1 of COD led to lower hydrogen production rates but, upon zeolite addition (0.26 g g−1 VS inoculum), the hydrogen production increased significantly from 143 to 413 mL L−1 day−1. Interestingly, the presence of zeolite in the continuous operation had a remarkable impact in the microbial community and in the profile of fermentation products. The effect of zeolite could be related to several properties, including the porous structure and the associated surface area available for bacterial adhesion, potential release of trace elements, ion-exchanger capacity or ability to adsorb different compounds (i.e. protons). The observations opens novel perspectives and will stimulate further research not only in biohydrogen production, but broadly in the field of interactions between bacteria and inorganic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - A A Abreu
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - A F Salvador
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - M M Alves
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - I C Neves
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,CQUM-Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - M A Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Silva RM. COVID-19 in Brazil: The catastrophic results of an inappropriate and unequal health policy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 18:100673. [PMID: 33898691 PMCID: PMC8057737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2021.100673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Litoral Norte, Rodovia RS 030, 11.700-km 92, 95590-000 Emboaba-Tramandaí, RS, Brazil
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Nagendrababu V, Kishen A, Murray PE, Nekoofar MH, de Figueiredo JAP, Priya E, Jayaraman J, Pulikkotil SJ, Camilleri J, Silva RM, Dummer PMH. PRIASE 2021 guidelines for reporting animal studies in Endodontology: a consensus-based development. Int Endod J 2021; 54:848-857. [PMID: 33450080 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Animal testing is crucial in situations when research on humans is not allowed because of unknown health risks and ethical concerns. The current project aims to develop reporting guidelines exclusively for animal studies in Endodontology, using an established consensus-based methodology. The guidelines have been named: Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontology (PRIASE) 2021. Nine individuals (PD, VN, AK, PM, MN, JF, EP, JJ and SJ), including the project leaders (PD, VN) formed a steering committee. The steering committee developed a novel checklist by adapting and integrating their animal testing and peer review experience with the Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines and also the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles. A PRIASE Delphi Group (PDG) and PRIASE Online Meeting Group (POMG) were also formed. Thirty-one PDG members participated in the online Delphi process and achieved consensus on the checklist items and flowchart that were used to formulate the PRIASE guidelines. The novel PRIASE 2021 guidelines were discussed with the POMG on 9 September 2020 via a Zoom online video call attended by 21 individuals from across the globe and seven steering committee members. Following the discussions, the guidelines were modified and then piloted by several authors whilst writing a manuscript involving research on animals. The PRIASE 2021 guidelines are a checklist consisting of 11 domains and 43 individual items together with a flowchart. The PRIASE 2021 guidelines are focused on improving the methodological principles, reproducibility and quality of animal studies in order to enhance their reliability as well as repeatability to estimate the effects of endodontic treatments and usefulness for guiding future clinical studies on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nagendrababu
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - A Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P E Murray
- Private Consultant, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - M H Nekoofar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - E Priya
- Division of Children and Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Jayaraman
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health School of Dentistry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S J Pulikkotil
- Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Camilleri
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R M Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Valiatti TB, Santos FF, Santos ACM, Nascimento JAS, Silva RM, Carvalho E, Sinigaglia R, Gomes TAT. Genetic and Virulence Characteristics of a Hybrid Atypical Enteropathogenic and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC/UPEC) Strain. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:492. [PMID: 33134184 PMCID: PMC7550682 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid strains of Escherichia coli combine virulence traits of diarrheagenic (DEC) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), but it is poorly understood whether these combined features improve the virulence potential of such strains. We have previously identified a uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain (UPEC 252) harboring the eae gene that encodes the adhesin intimin and is located in the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island. The LEE-encoded proteins allow enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) to form attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions in enterocytes. We sought to characterize UPEC 252 through whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic virulence assays. Genome analysis unveiled that this strain harbors a complete LEE region, with more than 97% of identity comparing to E2348/69 (EPEC) and O157:H7 Sakai (EHEC) prototype strains, which was functional, since UPEC 252 expressed the LEE-encoded proteins EspB and intimin and induced actin accumulation foci in HeLa cells. Phylogenetic analysis performed comparing 1,000 single-copy shared genes clustered UPEC 252 with atypical EPEC strains that belong to the sequence type 10, phylogroup A. Additionally, UPEC 252 was resistant to the bactericidal power of human serum and colonized cells of the urinary (T24 and HEK293-T) and intestinal (Caco-2 and LS174T) tracts. Our findings suggest that UPEC 252 is an atypical EPEC strain that emerges as a hybrid strain (aEPEC/UPEC), which could colonize new niches and potentially cause intestinal and extraintestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago B Valiatti
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C M Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júllia A S Nascimento
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eneas Carvalho
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Sinigaglia
- Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tânia A T Gomes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Botelho APPP, Netto FCB, Silva RM, Filho CG, Chiesa D, Probo DRG, Santos MCL, Queiroz BL, Sales JMO, Vasconcelos LB. Clinical profile of home-based care patients in a Brazilian cohort. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The concern with increasing healthcare expenditures and the quality of life of chronically dependent of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) patients, led to the emergence of home-based care services (HBCS), which aims the humanization of health services and the reduction of hospital length of stay. Knowledge about the models used in HBCS and the results achieved is essential to identify, plan and execute actions that minimize obstacles to the adequate provision of this service.
Methods
Descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study, in a HBCS provided by a private hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil. The medical records of 98 adult patients from the HBCS in need of IMV were analyzed.
Results
In 2019, 156 patients went through the HBCS. Of these, 58 were under 18 years-old and not included in the sample. Of the adult patients, 42 (42,8%) were male and 56 (57,1%) female. The age range varied from 28 to 102 years-old and the median age was 85 years. 57 (58,2%) patients were admitted throughout 2019, and 16 (28,1%) of them had, at least, 1 hospital readmission in 2019. 41 (41,8%) patients had been admitted before 2019, and 6 (14,6%) of them had, at least, 1 readmission in 2019. These facts may suggest that the need of hospitalization tend to happen more at the beginning of home-based care. In 2019, 13 (13,3%) patients died. 8 (61,5%) of these were admitted in 2019, and 5 (38,4%) were already in the HBCS before that year. The main diagnosis were: Dementia (21,4%), Chronic Encephalopathy (9,1%) and Multiple Sclerosis (8,2%).
Conclusions
The study shows that, even in an elderly and dependent cohort, the need of re-hospitalization and mortality rates are low, which points to the need of further studies of HBCS in order to reduce hospital stay and expenditures.
Key messages
It is important to deepen studies related to home-based care models, in association with payment expenses inquiries, as this type of assistance seems to develop humanized and safe care. The mortality rate of the HBCS studied was 13% and the overall re-hospitalization rate was 22,4%, which points this as a promising model for IMV dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F C B Netto
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
- DRP, Unimed Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - R M Silva
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - C G Filho
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - D Chiesa
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
- DRP, Unimed Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - D R G Probo
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - M C L Santos
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - B L Queiroz
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - J M O Sales
- PPGSC, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
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11
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Abstract
Periodontal and periapical lesions are infectious inflammatory osteolitytic conditions in which a complex inflammatory immune response mediates bone destruction. However, the uncertainty of a lesion's progressive or stable phenotype complicates understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms triggering lesion activity. Evidence from clinical and preclinical studies of both periodontal and periapical lesions points to a high receptor activator of NF-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) ratio as the primary determinant of osteolytic activity, while a low RANKL/OPG ratio is often observed in inactive lesions. Proinflammatory cytokines directly modulate RANKL/OPG expression and consequently drive lesion progression, along with pro-osteoclastogenic support provided by Th1, Th17, and B cells. Conversely, the cooperative action between Th2 and Tregs subsets creates an anti-inflammatory and proreparative milieu associated with lesion stability. Interestingly, the trigger for lesion status switch from active to inactive can originate from an unanticipated RANKL immunoregulatory feedback, involving the induction of Tregs and a host response outcome with immunological tolerance features. In this context, dendritic cells (DCs) appear as potential determinants of host response switch, since RANKL imprint a tolerogenic phenotype in DCs, described to be involved in both Tregs and immunological tolerance generation. The tolerance state systemically and locally suppresses the development of exacerbated and pathogenic responses and contributes to lesions stability. However, immunological tolerance break by comorbidities or dysbiosis could explain lesions relapse toward activity. Therefore, this article will provide a critical review of the current knowledge concerning periodontal and periapical lesions activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the host response. Further studies are required to unravel the role of immunological responsiveness or tolerance in the determination of lesion status, as well as the potential cooperative and/or inhibitory interplay among effector cells and their impact on RANKL/OPG balance and lesion outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cavalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R M Silva
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G P Garlet
- OSTEOimmunology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Bauru, São Paulo University-FOB/USP, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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12
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Dutra IL, Araújo LG, Assunção RG, Lima YA, Nascimento JR, Vale AAM, Alves PCS, Trovão LO, Santos ACM, Silva RM, Silva LA, Maciel MCG, de Sousa EM, Elias WP, Nascimento FRF, Abreu AG. Pic-Producing Escherichia coli Induces High Production of Proinflammatory Mediators by the Host Leading to Death by Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062068. [PMID: 32197297 PMCID: PMC7139334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is an important pathogen responsible for a variety of diseases. We have recently shown that Pic, a serine protease secreted by E. coli, mediates immune evasion by the direct cleavage of complement molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of a Pic-producing bacteria in a murine model of sepsis. Mice were infected with Pic-producing E. coli (F5) or F5∆pic mutant. Animal survival was monitored for five days, and a subset of mice was euthanized after 12 h for sample acquisition. The inoculation of Pic-producing bacteria induced 100% death within 24 h. The colony forming units count in the organs was significantly higher in F5. Hematological analysis showed a decrease of total leukocytes. Nitric oxide and cytokines were detected in serum, as well as on peritoneal lavage of the F5 group in higher levels than those detected in the other groups. In addition, immunophenotyping showed a decrease of activated lymphocytes and macrophages in the F5 group. Therefore, Pic represents an important virulence factor, allowing the survival of the bacterium in the bloodstream and several organs, as well as inducing a high production of proinflammatory mediators by the host, and concomitantly a cellular immunosuppression, leading to sepsis and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaynara L. Dutra
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.L.D.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
| | - Lorena G. Araújo
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.L.D.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Raissa G. Assunção
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.L.D.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
| | - Yago A. Lima
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Johnny R. Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - André A. M. Vale
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia C. S. Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Liana O. Trovão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Ana Carolina M. Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.M.S.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Rosa M. Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (A.C.M.S.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Lucilene A. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Márcia C. G. Maciel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70878-040, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. de Sousa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Waldir P. Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Flávia R. F. Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Afonso G. Abreu
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.L.D.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (A.A.M.V.); (P.C.S.A.); (L.O.T.); (L.A.S.); (M.C.G.M.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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13
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Freire CA, Santos ACM, Pignatari AC, Silva RM, Elias WP. Serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are largely distributed among Escherichia coli isolated from the bloodstream. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:447-454. [PMID: 31965549 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is the major cause of Gram-negative-related sepsis. Bacterial survival in the bloodstream is mediated by a variety of virulence traits, including those mediating immune system evasion. Serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) constitute a superfamily of virulence factors that can cause tissue damage and cleavage of molecules of the complement system, which is a key feature for the establishment of infection in the bloodstream. In this study, we analyzed 278 E. coli strains isolated from human bacteremia from inpatients of both genders, different ages, and clinical conditions. These strains were screened for the presence of SPATE-encoding genes as well as for phylogenetic classification and intrinsic virulence of ExPEC. SPATE-encoding genes were detected in 61.2% of the strains and most of these strains (44.6%) presented distinct SPATE-encoding gene profiles. sat was the most frequent gene among the entire collection, found in 34.2%, followed by vat (28.4%), pic (8.3%), and tsh (4.7%). Although in low frequencies, espC (0.7%), eatA (1.1%), and espI (1.1%) were detected and are being reported for the first time in extraintestinal isolates. The presence of SPATE-encoding genes was positively associated to phylogroup B2 and intrinsic virulent strains. These findings suggest that SPATEs are highly prevalent and involved in diverse steps of the pathogenesis of bacteremia caused by E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Freire
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina M Santos
- Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Pignatari
- Laboratório Especial de Microbiologia Clínica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brazil.
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14
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Silva RM, Morais IG, Almeida AV, Pereira OM, Silva AM, Sá EC. Spinal Myoclonus: Is It An Anesthetic Mystery? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 67:108-111. [PMID: 31759616 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The goal is to present a descriptive study related an unprecedent case of spinal myoclonus (SM) following subarachnoid anesthesia (SA). SM are sudden, brief, involuntary non-generalized spasms that can be an adverse effect of drug administration via neuraxial routes. Female, 67y, ASA II, proposed for hip replacement surgery, with normal preoperative exams. 7min after SA with 10mg of bupivacaine 0,5%, no motor blockade observed, and patient complained of unbearable pain in legs and perineum and bilateral, asymmetrical and arrhythmic myoclonic movements in the lower limbs. The latter solved after 48h of general anesthesia and rocuronium perfusion, amongst other therapeutics. Accordingly, intrathecal bupivacaine appears to be the SM most likely cause, regarding the absence of neurologic and electrolyte disorders, spinal cord direct trauma, drug exchange and normal perioperative examination, imaging and laboratory testing.It is mandatory to always take the patients' anaesthetic histories and recognize, treat and report rare anaesthetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Centro Hospitalario de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Oporto, Portugal.
| | - I G Morais
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Centro Hospitalario de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Oporto, Portugal
| | - A V Almeida
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Centro Hospitalario de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Oporto, Portugal
| | - O M Pereira
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Centro Hospitalario de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Oporto, Portugal
| | - A M Silva
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Centro Hospitalario de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Oporto, Portugal
| | - E C Sá
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Centro Hospitalario de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Oporto, Portugal
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15
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Souza LC, Crozeta BM, Guajardo L, Brasil da Costa FH, Sousa-Neto MD, Letra A, Silva RM. Potential role of TP63 in apical periodontitis development. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1344-1353. [PMID: 31025362 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expression of TP63 in apical periodontitis (AP) tissues and the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TP63 gene with AP using a case-control dataset. METHODOLOGY Expression of TP63 in human AP lesions (apical abscess, radicular cyst, periapical granuloma) was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. A case-control association study was performed to assess the association of TP63 polymorphisms in individuals having AP with or without associated pain. Cases were defined as subjects with deep caries and AP (n = 151) and subjects with symptomatic apical periodontitis or acute apical abscess (n = 124). Subjects without AP (n = 169) and asymptomatic (n = 196) were used as controls, respectively. Saliva samples were collected as source of genomic DNA. Twelve SNPs in the TP63 gene were selected for genotyping using Taqman chemistry in real-time PCR. Data analysis was performed using PLINK software. The Bonferroni method was applied to correct for multiple testing; α ≤ 0.004 indicates significant differences between groups. RESULTS TP63 expression was evident in apical abscesses and radicular cysts, while weaker expression was observed in periapical granulomas. Positive expression was observed in mononuclear cells in the granulation tissues of all AP lesions. Regarding the presence of AP, a trend for allelic association was observed for rs16864812 and rs9810322 (P = 0.04) and rs9810322 genotypes were also nominally associated with AP under a dominant model (P = 0.04). When considering the presence of periapical pain, a trend for allelic and genotypic association was observed for rs10155037 (P = 0.03). Haplotypes were also associated with AP and periapical pain (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Apical periodontitis is a complex multifactorial condition and it is likely that multiple genes and environmental effects may influence its susceptibility, progression or both. TP63 variants may play a role in AP pathogenesis and susceptibility, individually or interactively with other genes. Additional studies in other populations and functional studies are needed to improve understanding of the role of TP63 in AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Souza
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B M Crozeta
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston.,Department of Endodontics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - L Guajardo
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | | | - M D Sousa-Neto
- Department of Endodontics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - A Letra
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R M Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Wichnieski C, Maheshwari K, Souza LC, Nieves F, Tartari T, Garlet GP, Carneiro E, Letra A, Silva RM. DNA methylation profiles of immune response-related genes in apical periodontitis. Int Endod J 2018; 52:5-12. [PMID: 29904933 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the DNA methylation profiles of immune response-related genes in apical periodontitis (AP) lesions. METHODOLOGY The methylation profiles on the cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) regions of 22 gene promoters involved in inflammation and autoimmunity were assessed in 60 human AP lesions and 24 healthy periodontal ligaments (controls) using a pathway-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction array (EpiTect® Methyl Signature PCR Array Human Inflammatory Response). Differentially methylated genes were subsequently assessed for their mRNA expression. Data analyses (One-way anova, Tukey's multiple comparisons tests and Mann-Whitney tests) were performed using GraphPad Prism 6 software. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Significant DNA hypermethylation was observed for CXCL3 and FADD gene promoters in AP lesions when compared to control tissues (P < 0.001) and among other genes (P < 0.05). In contrast, IL12B and IL4R were associated with significant hypomethylation in comparison to other genes (P < 0.05). IL12B, IL4R, CXCL3 and FADD had differential mRNA expression in AP lesions and controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Differential methylation profiles of immune response-related genes, such as FADD, CXCL3, IL12B and IL4R, may have an influence on individual AP susceptibility and patient treatment outcomes, through their potential contributions to altered expression of disease-relevant genes. Methylation and/or genetic variations in additional genes may also contribute to the dynamics of AP development and should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wichnieski
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Maheshwari
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L C Souza
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Nieves
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T Tartari
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo (FOB/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G P Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo (FOB/USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Carneiro
- Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - A Letra
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R M Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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17
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Nunes KO, Santos ACP, Bando SY, Silva RM, Gomes TAT, Elias WP. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli with uropathogenic characteristics are present in feces of diarrheic and healthy children. Pathog Dis 2018; 75:4111144. [PMID: 28961708 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) has been recently associated with urinary tract infections (UTI). Since EAEC are found in feces of both diarrheic and asymptomatic individuals, their presence in the intestine may be a source of UTI. In this study, we detected in feces of diarrheic and healthy children a subset of EAEC strains with genetic markers of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). MLST grouped these EAEC with ExPEC markers in three main clusters along with prototypes strains of EAEC, uropathogenic E. coli and UTI-causing EAEC. Interestingly, the latter cluster was composed by EAEC with ExPEC markers belonging to phylogroup A and closely related to the uropathogenic EAEC O78:H10 strain. Such attributes suggest that these strains have uropathogenic abilities. Therefore, intestinal carriers of these strains are potentially in risk to develop UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila O Nunes
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP-05503-900, Brazil
| | - Adriana C P Santos
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP-05503-900, Brazil
| | - Silvia Y Bando
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP- 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP- 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Tânia A T Gomes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP- 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP-05503-900, Brazil
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18
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Pedrosa AF, Lisboa C, Faria-Ramos I, Silva RM, Miranda IM, Rodrigues AG. Malassezia species retrieved from skin with pityriasis versicolor, seborrhoeic dermatitis and skin free of lesions: a comparison of two sampling methods. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:526-527. [PMID: 29505089 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A F Pedrosa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Centro Hospitalar S. João EPE, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS (Center for Health Technology and Services Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Lisboa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Centro Hospitalar S. João EPE, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS (Center for Health Technology and Services Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - I Faria-Ramos
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R M Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences (iBiMED and IEETA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I M Miranda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS (Center for Health Technology and Services Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A G Rodrigues
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS (Center for Health Technology and Services Research), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Moura Q, Fernandes MR, Cerdeira L, Santos ACM, de Souza TA, Ienne S, Pignatari ACC, Gales AC, Silva RM, Lincopan N. Draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila ST508 strain carrying rmtD and bla CTX-M-131 isolated from a bloodstream infection. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 10:289-290. [PMID: 28739226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Aeromonas hydrophila strain belonging to sequence type 508 (ST508) isolated from a human bloodstream infection. Assembly and annotation of this draft genome resulted in 5028498bp and revealed the presence of 16S rRNA methylase rmtD and blaCTX-M-131 genes encoding high-level resistance to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins, respectively, as well as multiple virulence genes. This draft genome can provide significant information for understanding mechanisms on the establishment and treatment of infections caused by this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quézia Moura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Miriam R Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina M Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago A de Souza
- Genome Investigation and Analysis Laboratory (GENIAL), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susan Ienne
- Genome Investigation and Analysis Laboratory (GENIAL), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos C Pignatari
- Laboratório Alerta, Disciplina de Infectologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C Gales
- Laboratório Alerta, Disciplina de Infectologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Branco J, Ola M, Silva RM, Fonseca E, Gomes NC, Martins-Cruz C, Silva AP, Silva-Dias A, Pina-Vaz C, Erraught C, Brennan L, Rodrigues AG, Butler G, Miranda IM. Impact of ERG3 mutations and expression of ergosterol genes controlled by UPC2 and NDT80 in Candida parapsilosis azole resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:575.e1-575.e8. [PMID: 28196695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Candida parapsilosis is a healthcare-related fungal pathogen particularly common among immunocompromised patients. Our understanding of antifungal resistance mechanisms in C. parapsilosis remains very limited. We previously described an azole-resistant strain of C. parapsilosis (BC014RPSC), obtained following exposure in vitro to posaconazole. Resistance was associated with overexpression of ergosterol biosynthetic genes (ERG genes), together with the transcription factors UPC2 (CPAR2-207280) and NDT80 (CPAR2-213640). The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying posaconazole resistance of the BC014RPSC strain. METHODS To identify the causative mutation, we sequenced the genomes of the susceptible (BC014S) and resistant (BC014RPSC) isolates, using Illumina technology. Ergosterol content was assessed in both strains by mass spectrometry. UPC2 and NDT80 genes were deleted in BC014RPSC strain. Mutants were characterized regarding their azole susceptibility profile and ERG gene expression. RESULTS One homozygous missense mutation (R135I) was found in ERG3 (CPAR2-105550) in the azole-resistant isolate. We show that Erg3 activity is completely impaired, resulting in a build up of sterol intermediates and a failure to generate ergosterol. Deleting UPC2 and NDT80 in BC014RPSC reduces the expression of ERG genes and restores susceptibility to azole drugs. CONCLUSIONS A missense mutation in the ERG3 gene results in azole resistance and up-regulation of ERG genes expression. We propose that this mutation prevents the formation of toxic intermediates when cells are treated with azoles. Resistance can be reversed by deleting Upc2 and Ndt80 transcription factors. UPC2 plays a stronger role in C. parapsilosis azole resistance than does NDT80.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Branco
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Ola
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R M Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED & IEETA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - E Fonseca
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - N C Gomes
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Martins-Cruz
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A P Silva
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Silva-Dias
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Pina-Vaz
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Erraught
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - L Brennan
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A G Rodrigues
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Butler
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I M Miranda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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21
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Silva RM, Ferro MC, Araujo JR, Achete CA, Clavel G, Silva RF, Pinna N. Nucleation, Growth Mechanism, and Controlled Coating of ZnO ALD onto Vertically Aligned N-Doped CNTs. Langmuir 2016; 32:7038-7044. [PMID: 27333190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide thin films were deposited on vertically aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from diethylzinc and water. The study demonstrates that doping CNTs with nitrogen is an effective approach for the "activation" of the CNTs surface for the ALD of metal oxides. Conformal ZnO coatings are already obtained after 50 ALD cycles, whereas at lower ALD cycles an island growth mode is observed. Moreover, the process allows for a uniform growth from the top to the bottom of the vertically aligned N-CNT arrays. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates that ZnO nucleation takes place at the N-containing species on the surface of the CNTs by the formation of the Zn-N bonds at the interface between the CNTs and the ZnO film.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M C Ferro
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J R Araujo
- Materials Metrology Division, INMETRO , 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - C A Achete
- Materials Metrology Division, INMETRO , 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais, COPPE-UFRJ Rio de Janeiro , CP68501, 21945 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - G Clavel
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - R F Silva
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - N Pinna
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Placido GR, Silva RM, Cagnin C, Silva MAP, Soares JC, Caliari M. Use of pectin in the storage of mangaba fruits (Hancorniaspeciosa Gomes) associated with refrigeration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2015.14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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23
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Placido GR, Silva RM, Silva MAP, Caliari M, Cagnin C. Physical and chemical parameters, total phenols and the antioxidant activity of Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/ajar2014.9364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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24
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Letra A, Zhao M, Silva RM, Vieira AR, Hecht JT. Functional Significance of MMP3 and TIMP2 Polymorphisms in Cleft Lip/Palate. J Dent Res 2014; 93:651-6. [PMID: 24799419 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514534444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from biological and human studies strongly supports a role for MMP and TIMP genes as candidate genes for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). We previously showed the association of promoter polymorphisms in MMP3 (rs3025058 and rs522616) and TIMP2 (rs8179096) with NSCL/P. In this study, we examined the functional significance of these polymorphisms. A specific DNA-protein complex for MMP3 rs522616 A was detected, and this allele by itself showed greater promoter activity than the G allele. However, the effect of rs522616 was ultimately regulated by the rs3025058 allele on the background. For TIMP2 rs8179096, the T allele showed a 2.5-fold increase in promoter activity when compared with allele C, whereas both C and T alleles were found to bind to nuclear factor kappa B. Our results provide new evidence that promoter polymorphisms in MMP3 and TIMP2 are functional and may affect gene transcription with possible effects on craniofacial development leading to NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Letra
- Craniofacial Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Zhao
- Craniofacial Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R M Silva
- Craniofacial Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A R Vieira
- Departments of Oral Biology and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J T Hecht
- Craniofacial Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Santos ACM, Zidko ACM, Pignatari AC, Silva RM. Assessing the diversity of the virulence potential of Escherichia coli isolated from bacteremia in São Paulo, Brazil. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:968-973. [PMID: 24141553 PMCID: PMC3854340 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20133184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the knowledge of the virulence determinants of extraintestinal pathogenic
Escherichia coli (ExPEC) comes from studies with human strains
causing urinary tract infections and neonatal meningitis and animal strains causing
avian colibacillosis. In this research, we analyzed the phylogenetic background, the
presence of 20 ExPEC virulence factors, and the intrinsic virulence potential of 74
E. coli strains isolated in São Paulo, Brazil, from 74
hospitalized patients (43 males and 31 females) with unknown-source bacteremia.
Unlike other places in the world, the bacteremic strains originated equally from
phylogroups B2 (35%) and D (30%). A great variability in the profiles of virulence
factors was noted in this survey. Nevertheless, 61% of the strains were classified as
ExPEC, meaning that they possessed intrinsic virulent potential. Accordingly, these
strains presented high virulence factor scores (average of 8.7), and were positively
associated with 12 of 17 virulence factors detected. On the contrary, the non-ExPEC
strains, isolated from 39% of the patients, presented a generally low virulence
capacity (medium virulence factor score of 3.1), and were positively associated with
only the colicin cvaC gene. These results show the importance of
discriminating E. coli isolates that possess characteristics of true
pathogens from those that may be merely opportunistic in order to better understand
the virulence mechanisms involved in extraintestinal E. coli
infections. Such knowledge is essential for epidemiological purposes as well as for
development of control measures aimed to minimize the incidence of these
life-threatening and costly infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C M Santos
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, São PauloSP, Brasil
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26
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Monteiro RF, Nascimento MS, Silva RM, Hespenheide HA. A remarkable leaf mine induced by Tachygonus sp.n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Rhamphini) on Erythroxylum subsessile (Erythroxylaceae) with a description of the new species. BRAZ J BIOL 2013; 72:949-53. [PMID: 23295527 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842012000500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe and present original data on the bionomics and ecology of Tachygonus erythroxyli Hespenheide, New Species, on Erythroxylum subsessile (Mart.). Thirty individuals of E. subsessile were analysed every two months, from October, 2006 to October, 2007 at the National Park of Restinga de Jurubatiba (PNRJ) Carapebus, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Females of T. erythroxyli lay their eggs singly on the upper surface of the host's leaves. The mine of T. erythroxyli is expanded with three bubbles, each one representing one larval instar. These mines occur throughout the year in at least half of the host plants and are markedly more abundant in summer. We obtained three parasitoid species, making a total of 53% of the rate of parasitism. Cirrospilus sp. (Eulophidae) was the most prevalent and represented 88% of the parasitoids. The great abundance of Tachygonus mines, their high frequency in their host plant, and local monophagy of this leaf miner weevil suggest a close association between T. erythroxyli and Erythroxylum subsessile.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Monteiro
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia - IB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, CP 68020, CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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27
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Grégoire A, Allard A, Huamán E, León S, Silva RM, Buff S, Berard M, Joly T. Control of the estrous cycle in guinea-pig (Cavia porcellus). Theriogenology 2012; 78:842-7. [PMID: 22626773 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to look for a simple method to obtain synchronized ovulation in guinea pigs under farming conditions while respecting animal welfare. The luteolytic activity of three different prostaglandins F2alpha (PGF2α) analogs (D-cloprostenol, D,L-cloprostenol and luprostiol) and a daily treatment with oral progestagen (altrenogest) was tested successively at different stages of the estrous cycle on the same group of females during a period of 8 mo. The estrous cycle length was not modified by the administration of PGF2α analogs, whatever the stage of the estrous cycle when the treatment was initiated. Our results led us to reject the use of PGF2α analog to induce practical synchronization of the estrus in this species. In females (n = 29), given 15 days with altrenogest (0.1 mL po once a day), ovulation occurred 4.43 ± 0.13 days after the end of the treatment. Altrenogest treatment was followed by mating. No negative impacts of the treatment on the pregnancy rates, delivery rates and litter sizes were observed. This standard method of guinea-pig estrus synchronization is less stressful for the animals compared to techniques using progesterone tubing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grégoire
- Institut Français d'Etudes Andines, UMIFRE17 CNRS/MAEE, Lima 18, Peru.
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28
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Letra A, Bjork B, Cooper ME, Szabo-Rogers H, Deleyiannis FWB, Field LL, Czeizel AE, Ma L, Garlet GP, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Lopez-Camelo JS, Castilla EE, Orioli IM, Wendell S, Blanton SH, Liu K, Hecht JT, Marazita ML, Vieira AR, Silva RM. Association of AXIN2 with non-syndromic oral clefts in multiple populations. J Dent Res 2012; 91:473-8. [PMID: 22370446 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512440578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown the association of AXIN2 with oral clefts in a US population. Here, we expanded our study to explore the association of 11 AXIN2 markers in 682 cleft families from multiple populations. Alleles for each AXIN2 marker were tested for transmission distortion with clefts by means of the Family-based Association Test. We observed an association with SNP rs7224837 and all clefts in the combined populations (p = 0.001), and with SNP rs3923086 and cleft lip and palate in Asian populations (p = 0.004). We confirmed our association findings in an additional 528 cleft families from the United States (p < 0.009). We tested for gene-gene interaction between AXIN2 and additional cleft susceptibility loci. We assessed and detected Axin2 mRNA and protein expression during murine palatogenesis. In addition, we also observed co-localization of Axin2 with Irf6 proteins, particularly in the epithelium. Our results continue to support a role for AXIN2 in the etiology of human clefting. Additional studies should be performed to improve our understanding of the biological mechanisms linking AXIN2 to oral clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Letra
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, DBB-202, 6516 MD Anderson Blvd., Houston, TX 77030-3402, USA
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29
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Silva RM, Ferreira MS, Kobelke J, Schuster K, Frazão O. Simultaneous measurement of curvature and strain using a suspended multicore fiber. Opt Lett 2011; 36:3939-3941. [PMID: 21964148 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.003939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A suspended multicore fiber sensor for simultaneous measurement of curvature and strain is proposed. The spectral response shows evidences of several interferences arising from the seven cores of the fiber. Once the sensing head presents different sensitivities for curvature and strain measurements, these physical parameters can be discriminated by using the matrix method. The rms deviations are ±19 m(-1) and ±12.90 με for curvature and strain measurements, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- INESC Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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30
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Costa LM, Lourenço EC, Esbérard CEL, Silva RM. Colony size, sex ratio and cohabitation in roosts of Phyllostomus hastatus (Pallas) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). BRAZ J BIOL 2010; 70:1047-53. [PMID: 21180912 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000500019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phyllostomus hastatus bat is species broadly distributed over the Neotropical region, which uses as diurnal roosts caves, hollow trees, palm leaves and human buildings. Thirteen diurnal roosts of P. hastatus were analysed from 1990 to 2009 in several localities of Rio de Janeiro State, regarding environment (rural, urban or protected area), type of roost (hollow tree, basement or roof), sex ratio and cohabitation. A nocturnal roost was also analysed. Sex ratio of P. hastatus varied considerably among roosts what may be explained by the fact this species can roost alone, in couples, in harems or in groups of bachelor males. Phyllostomus hastatus was observed in cohabitation with three other species: Molossus rufus, Molossus molossus and Myotis nigricans. Due to the frequency of cohabitation observed between P. hastatus and species of the genus Molossus, one or more advantages for the members of this association may be expected. The simultaneous usage of a feeding roost by a group of bachelor males is unknown information in the literature, and may suggest that this kind of group may interact with each other even when away from their diurnal roosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Costa
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
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31
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Lourenço EC, Costa LM, Silva RM, Esbérard CEL. Bat diversity of Ilha da Marambaia, Southern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (Chiroptera, Mammalia). BRAZ J BIOL 2010; 70:511-9. [PMID: 20730337 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000300007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Few sites have been well sampled for bats, and samplings in islands are even scarcer. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were: (1) to list the bat species of Ilha da Marambaia; (2) to compare richness, abundance and biomass of bat guilds found there; (3) to analyse abundance patterns of bat species; and (4) to compare richness, abundance and composition of the bat fauna among different kinds of environment. To capture bats we used mist nets set in five different environments, totalising 3559.2 net-hours, during 37 nights between October 2006 and August 2008. A total of 1,133 captures were accomplished, comprising 34 species from five families. The most abundant species was Molossus molossus. Frugivorous bats exhibited higher richness, abundance and biomass if compared to other guilds. Most species (N = 22) exhibited abundances between 1 to 10% of all captures. Sixteen species were restricted to just one of the environments sampled. The high richness may be attributed to sampling carried out in several environments, and to the capture of insectivorous species over water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Lourenço
- Laboratório de Diversidade de Morcegos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED The etiology of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is important in determining its severity, prognosis, genetic counseling and clinical management. AIMS investigate the causes of CH and their severity using serum levels of FreeT4 and TSH. PATIENTS AND METHODS 243 neonates with CH (61% were girls) diagnosed by the Neonatal Screening Program of Minas Gerais between 1996 and 2003. The thyroid function was assessed through serum FreeT4 and TSH by chemilumiscence. CH etiology was evaluated by ultrasonography, scintigraphy, potassium perchlorate discharge test and serum thyroglobulin levels. RESULTS Out of 243 patients, dysgenesis was found in 114 (47%): 3.3% had athyreosis; 0.4% eutopic dysgenetic gland due to maternal use of 131I; 22% ectopic glands (8.6% an isolated ectopic gland and 13% also an eutopic dysgenetic thyroid); 9% eutopic dysgenesis, 8.6% hypoplasia and 3.7% hemiagenesis. Thyroid in situ was found in 129 (52%): 23.5% had iodide organification defect; 3.7% thyroglobulin synthesis defect; 6.2% other 0.4% dyshomonogenesis; iodide transport defect; 1.2% transient CH and 18% a normal gland. Patients with dysgenesis had a more severe CH than those with thyroid in situ (TSH 248.08 vs. 18.17 microIU/mL and FT4 0.32 vs. 0.95 ng/dL, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Some cases had more complex dysgenesis, presenting ectopia associated to a dysgenetic eutopic gland. The ultrasound was the best tool to detect the dysgenetic tissue, but the scintigraphy was the most effective in identifying the functioning tissue. The thyroid hormone synthesis defects were found more frequently than expected, but in some cases they could not be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M A Dias
- Department of Pediatrics, Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Santos SR, Rangel ET, Lima JCS, Silva RM, Lopes L, Noldin VF, Cechinel Filho V, Delle Monache F, Martins DTO. Toxicological and phytochemical studies of Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. stem bark (Guatambu). Pharmazie 2009; 64:836-839. [PMID: 20095144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. is widely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat digestive disorders. In this study, acute and subchronic toxicity and cytotoxicity of stem bark ethanolic extract of Aspidosperma subincanum (EEAs) have been evaluated. In addition, phytochemical analysis was performed. The EEAs had low acute toxicity in mice with LD50 =1129 +/- 154mg/kg p.o. and 397 +/- 15 mg/kg i.p. The LC50 was 1340 +/- 428 microg/mL in the brine shrimp assay. There was no relevance of serious changes in behavioral, hematological and biochemical parameters and no deleterious effect on vital organs of rats that resulted after 30 days daily exposure to 5 and 100 mg/kg of EEAs. Phytochemical analysis of stem bark of A. subincanum revealed the presence of indole alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, steroids and tannins and resulted in the isolation of oleic acid and guatambuine as major constituents. Using the method of the dose by factor approach, the human safe dose was 210 mg/70 kg/day. The EEAs appears to be safe and non-toxic in low doses in rodents and domestic preparations used by population have relatively security.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Santos
- Area de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brasil
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Do Carmo Filho JR, Silva RM, Castanheira M, Tognim MCB, Gales AC, Sader HS. Prevalence and genetic characterization of blaCTX-M among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected in an intensive care unit in Brazil. J Chemother 2009; 20:600-3. [PMID: 19028623 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2008.20.5.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen (44.8%) CTX-M-2-producing K. pneumoniae clinical isolates were identified among 29 strains collected from single patients with serious infection hospitalized in an intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital located in São Paulo, Brazil. These isolates belonged to 9 different typing clusters and showed great diversity of plasmid content. Their bla(CTX-M-2)was carried in an ISCR1/sul1-type integron structure located in transferable plasmids of different sizes or in the chromosome.
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Liberatore AMA, Menchaca-Diaz JL, Silva RM, Taki MY, Silva MR, Francisco J, Koh TH, Morais MB, Koh IHJ. Sepsis provokes host's microbiota overgrowth of commensal Gram-negative bacteria and subsequent induction of bacterial translocation in rats. Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC3301150 DOI: 10.1186/cc5810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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36
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Salzedas-Netto AA, Silva RM, Martins JL, Menchaca-Diaz JL, Bugni GM, Watanabe AY, Silva FJP, Fagundes-Neto U, Morais MB, Koh IHJ. Can bacterial translocation be a beneficial event? Transplant Proc 2006; 38:1836-7. [PMID: 16908297 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Infection is a major concern in intestinal transplant recipients. Bacterial migration to extraintestinal sites is a central component of the gut hypothesis of sepsis. However, some studies have cited the beneficial effects of bacterial translocation (BT) on the host acquired immune system. We evaluated the role of previous BT on a subsequent BT challenge, examined the BT index in organs as well as changes in white blood cell (WBC) count in mesenteric lymph and blood for correlation with outcomes. Wistar rats (n = 60) were divided into a BT group (n = 20), which underwent inoculation of 10 mL of 10(10) CFU/mL Escherichia coli R-6 confined to the small intestine as opposed to a BT1-14 group (n = 20), which underwent the BT procedure on days 1 and 14 or a S1-BT14 group (n = 20) that received 10 mL of saline on day 1 and the BT procedure on day 14. Half of the animals were killed 2 hours following the BT procedure. Samples from different compartments were collected for culture. Mesenteric lymph and peripheral blood were examined for WBC counts. The other half of the hosts was subjected to outcome evaluation concerning weight gain and mortality. Animals undergoing double BT showed a significantly lower index of bacterial recovery (liver, spleen, and blood) compared with those having a single BT (P < .05). The WBC count of mesenteric lymph cells after double BT was similar to naïve animals, but significantly lower than the single BT group (P < .05). The outcome was unchanged among double BT versus other groups. A previous BT challenge was efficient to generate a host-defense mechanism against a second BT episode induced by intestinal overgrowth with the same bacterial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Salzedas-Netto
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Lacedemonia 253, São Paulo-SP, CEP 04634-020 Brazil.
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Koh IHJ, Liberatore AMA, Menchaca-Diaz JL, Ruiz-Silva M, Vilela-Oliveira L, Watanabe AY, Salomao R, Fagundes-Neto U, Silva RM. Bacterial Translocation, Microcirculation Injury and Sepsis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2006; 6:143-50. [PMID: 16787288 DOI: 10.2174/187153006777442323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is the result from a complex bacterial-host interaction, which is an often-fatal response when host protective molecular mechanisms designed to fight invading bacteria surpass the beneficial intensity to the point of causing injury to the host. Increasing evidences have implicated the bacterial translocation (BT) as the main source for the induction of sepsis, although the beneficial effect of BT process has been related to the development of the intestinal immune response by physiological interaction between bacteria and host. In this article, we examined evolving concepts concerning to BT and discussed about its potential role in the promotion of microcirculation injury, moreover, its possible participation in the sepsis induction. According to our data obtained from in-vivo BT animal-model, both bacterial overgrowth and bacterial pathogenic determinants seem to be major predisposing factors for the induction of BT. Besides, translocation of luminal bacteria through the lymphatic via elicits the activation of the GALT inflammatory response contributing to microcirculation injuries, and the haematological via of BT was responsible to the systemic bacterial spread. On other hand, the combination of BT process to the pre-existing host systemic infection played a crucial role in the worsening of the clinical outcome. In our understanding, studies concerning to intestinal immune response and the pathophysiology of bacterial-host interaction, under normal and disease conditions, seems to be the key elements to the development of therapeutic approaches towards sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H J Koh
- Department of Surgery of Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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38
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Vizcaino JR, Macedo-Dias JA, Teixeira-de-Sousa JM, Silva RM, Carpenter S. Pseudotumour of renal pelvis: Liesegang rings mimicking a solid neoplasm of the renal pelvis. Histopathology 2005; 47:115-7. [PMID: 15982333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Salzedas-netto A, Silva R, Martins J, Menchaca-diaz J, Bugni G, Watanabe A, Silva F, Fagundes-neto U, Morais M, Koh I. Crit Care 2005; 9:P60. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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40
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Büchele G, Silva E, Silva R, Vilela-oliveira L, Toma R, Liberatore A, Menchaca-diaz J, Watanabe A, Fagundes-neto U, Poli de Figueiredo L, Koh I. Crit Care 2005; 9:P61. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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41
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Koh I, Menchaca-diaz J, Buchele G, Vilela-oliveira L, Toma R, Liberatore A, Watanabe A, Poli de Figueiredo L, Fagundes-neto U, Silva R. Crit Care 2005; 9:P58. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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42
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Vilela-oliveira L, Silva R, Menchaca-diaz J, Toma R, Buchele G, Liberatore A, Watanabe A, Poli de Figueiredo L, Fagundes-neto U, Koh I. Crit Care 2005; 9:P52. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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43
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Menchaca-diaz J, Silva R, Vilela-oliveira L, Liberatore A, Toma R, Watanabe A, Buchele G, Fagundes-neto U, Morais M, Koh I. Crit Care 2005; 9:P50. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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44
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Watanabe A, Silva R, Liberatore A, Menchaca-diaz J, Toma R, Buchele G, Vilela-oliveira L, Morais M, Fagundes-neto U, Koh I. Crit Care 2005; 9:P51. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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45
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Toma R, Silva R, Liberatore A, Vilela-oliveira L, Menchaca-diaz J, Buchele G, Watanabe A, Morais M, Fagundes-neto U, Koh I. Crit Care 2005; 9:P59. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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47
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Silva RM, Silva GA, Coutinho OP, Mano JF, Reis RL. Preparation and characterisation in simulated body conditions of glutaraldehyde crosslinked chitosan membranes. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2004; 15:1105-1112. [PMID: 15516871 DOI: 10.1023/b:jmsm.0000046392.44911.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan membranes, aimed at biomedical applications, were prepared by a solvent casting methodology. Crosslinking was previously performed in acetic acid solution with glutaraldehyde, in order to obtain different degrees of crosslinking. Some membranes were neutralised in a NaOH solution. Mechanical tensile tests comprised quasi-static experiments at constant stress rate and temperature sweep dynamic mechanical analysis tests. This included measurements with the samples immersed in isotonic saline solution at 37 degrees C, in order to simulate physiological conditions, that were performed using a specific liquid container. It was observed that for higher crosslinking levels the membranes become stiffer but their strength decreases; these results are in agreement with swelling tests, also performed at body temperature. All the membranes exhibited similar and significant damping properties in wet conditions, which were stable in a broad temperature range. Weight loss measurements showed that the developed membranes degrade slowly up to 60 days. Cytotoxicity screening, using cell culture tests, showed that eventually such materials could be adequate for use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Silva
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
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48
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Abstract
Neutralized and nonneutralized chitosan films subject to different thermal treatments were studied by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy from -130 to +150 degrees C in the frequency range between 20 Hz and 1 MHz. Two main relaxation processes, both arrhenian type, were detected: process I at temperatures below 0 degrees C with a mean activation energy of 49 +/- 1 kJ mol(-1), which has the characteristics of a secondary relaxation process related with local chain dynamics, and process II observable at higher temperatures with an activation energy of 94 +/- 2 kJ mol(-1), correlated with dc conductivity, which is found in dried polysaccharides systems. Process I is always observed in neutralized chitosan, but it is strongly depleted in the wet nonneutralized form. Although the location of process I is independent of NH2/NH3+ side group, process II deviates to higher temperatures with dryness in both chitosan forms, being located at lower temperatures in nonneutralized chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Viciosa
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Química, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Paiva LAF, Gurgel LA, De Sousa ET, Silveira ER, Silva RM, Santos FA, Rao VSN. Protective effect of Copaifera langsdorffii oleo-resin against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 93:51-56. [PMID: 15182904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2003] [Revised: 06/01/2003] [Accepted: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The oleo-resin from Copaifera langsdorffii (Leguminosae) was evaluated in rats on acetic acid-induced colitis. Rats were pretreated orally (15 and 2 h) or rectally (2 h) before the induction of colitis with copaiba oleo-resin (200 and 400 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 ml, 2% Tween 80). Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of a 2 ml of 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution and 24 h later, the colonic mucosal damage was analyzed for the severity of macroscopic colonic damage, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and malondialdehyde levels. A significant reduction in gross damage score and in wet weight/length ratio of colonic tissue were evident in test substance-pretreated animals as compared to vehicle or oleo-resin alone-treated controls. This effect was confirmed biochemically by a reduction in colonic myeloperoxidase activity, the marker of neutrophilic infiltration, and by a marked decrease in malondialdehyde level, an indicator of lipoperoxidation. Furthermore, microscopical examination revealed the diminution of inflammatory cell infiltration, and submucosal edema in the colon segments of rats treated with copaiba oleo-resin. The data indicate the protective effect of copaiba oleo-resin in the animal model of acute colitis possibly through an antioxidant and or anti-lipoperoxidative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A F Paiva
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (FM), Rua Cel Nunes de melo 1127, Caixa Postal 3157, Porangabussu, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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50
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Santos FA, Silva RM, Campos AR, De Araújo RP, Lima Júnior RCP, Rao VSN. 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), a monoterpene oxide attenuates the colonic damage in rats on acute TNBS-colitis. Food Chem Toxicol 2004; 42:579-84. [PMID: 15019181 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2003.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2003] [Accepted: 10/07/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The monoterpene oxide, 1,8-cineole (cineole, eucalyptol) was examined for its possible influence on the acute phase of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. The test compound, 1,8-cineole (200 and 400 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 ml, 2% Tween 80) was instilled rectally, 24, and 2 h before (pre-treatment) or 2 and 24 h after (post-treatment) the induction of colitis by intracolonic administration of TNBS (0.25 ml of 25 mg of TNBS in 50% ethanol). Rats were killed 48 h after colitis induction and colonic segments were analysed for gross damage scores, changes in wet weights, myeloperoxidase activity, an indicator of neutrophilic infiltration and glutathione level, a major cellular antioxidant. TNBS induced an extensive inflammation and ulceration in the colon. Colonic damage was associated with an increase in myeloperoxidase activity and by a decrease in glutathione. When compared to vehicle-treated TNBS controls, a marked reduction in gross damage scores and wet weights (mg/cm) of colonic segments were evident in animals pre-treated but not post-treated with 1,8-cineole. Cineole also significantly reduced the myeloperoxidase activity, and caused repletion of glutathione. These results confirm the anti-inflammatory action of 1,8-cineole and suggest its potential value as a dietary flavoring agent in the prevention of gastrointestinal inflammation and ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dental and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, CP 3157, 60430-270 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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