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Li C, Ficco L, Trapp S, Rostalski SM, Korn L, Kovács G. The effect of context congruency on fMRI repetition suppression for objects. Neuropsychologia 2023; 188:108603. [PMID: 37270029 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of objects is strongly facilitated when they are presented in the context of other objects (Biederman, 1972). Such contexts facilitate perception and induce expectations of context-congruent objects (Trapp and Bar, 2015). The neural mechanisms underlying these facilitatory effects of context on object processing, however, are not yet fully understood. In the present study, we investigate how context-induced expectations affect subsequent object processing. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and measured repetition suppression as a proxy for prediction error processing. Participants viewed pairs of alternating or repeated object images which were preceded by context-congruent, context-incongruent or neutral cues. We found a stronger repetition suppression in congruent as compared to incongruent or neutral cues in the object sensitive lateral occipital cortex. Interestingly, this stronger effect was driven by enhanced responses to alternating stimulus pairs in the congruent contexts, rather than by suppressed responses to repeated stimulus pairs, which emphasizes the contribution of surprise-related response enhancement for the context modulation on RS when expectations are violated. In addition, in the congruent condition, we discovered significant functional connectivity between object-responsive and frontal cortical regions, as well as between object-responsive regions and the fusiform gyrus. Our findings indicate that prediction errors, reflected in enhanced brain responses to violated contextual expectations, underlie the facilitating effect of context during object perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Li
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, China; Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| | - Linda Ficco
- Department of General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany; Department of Linguistics and Cultural Evolution, International Max Planck Research School for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Macromedia University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie-Marie Rostalski
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Korn
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
| | - Gyula Kovács
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany.
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2
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Spielberger B, Pfeil J, Assaad K, von Both U, Janda A, Kitz C, Kobbe R, Kunze M, Lindert J, Ritz N, Trapp S, Hufnagel M. Infektiologische Versorgung minderjähriger Flüchtlinge am Beispiel der Ukraine. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2022; 170:1103-1112. [PMID: 36188233 PMCID: PMC9510227 DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01607-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Bis Anfang Juni 2022 sind ca. 300.000 Kinder und Jugendliche aus der Ukraine im deutschen Ausländerzentralregister registriert worden. Die vorliegenden Handlungsempfehlungen sollen die Grundlage für eine evidenzbasierte und zielgerichtete infektiologische Versorgung minderjähriger Flüchtlinge am Beispiel der Ukraine schaffen. Ziele Die Handlungsempfehlungen sollen medizinisches Personal in der Versorgung minderjähriger Flüchtlinge aus der Ukraine unterstützen, um 1. einen unvollständigen Impfschutz frühzeitig zu erkennen und zu vervollständigen; 2. übliche Infektionskrankheiten zu diagnostizieren und zu behandeln; 3. in Deutschland seltene Infektionskrankheiten frühzeitig zu erkennen und zu therapieren. Material und Methoden Die Handlungsempfehlungen wurden als durch die Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) koordinierte Leitlinie der Stufe 1 verfasst und an die Situation Flucht aus der Ukraine angepasst. Die Empfehlungen wurden durch eine repräsentativ zusammengesetzte Expertengruppe der beteiligten Fachgesellschaften im informellen Konsens erarbeitet und final von den Vorständen der Fachgesellschaften offiziell verabschiedet. Ergebnisse Es werden Empfehlungen für den Umfang der Anamnese und der körperlichen Untersuchung minderjähriger Flüchtlinge, angepasst an die Situation Flucht aus der Ukraine, ausgesprochen. Für alle minderjährigen Flüchtlinge werden die Bestimmung eines Differenzialblutbilds sowie Untersuchungen auf Tuberkulose, Hepatitis B und C sowie eine Human-Immunodeficiency-Virus(HIV)-Infektion empfohlen. Zur raschen Vervollständigung des Impfstatus wird eine alters- und Indikationsbezogene Priorisierung einzelner Impfungen vorgenommen. Diskussion Angesichts anhaltend hoher Flüchtlingszahlen nicht nur aus der Ukraine ist eine weitere Professionalisierung der medizinischen Versorgung minderjähriger Flüchtlinge notwendig. Hierzu sollten die notwendigen strukturellen und personellen Rahmenbedingungen geschaffen werden.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Spielberger
- Abteilung Pädiatrische Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Klinik für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Mathildenstr. 1, 79106 Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - J. Pfeil
- Praxis für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Schwaigern, Deutschland
| | - K. Assaad
- Gesundheitsamt Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - U. von Both
- Abteilung für Pädiatrische Infektiologie, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, München, Deutschland
| | - A. Janda
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - C. Kitz
- Praxis für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Veitshöchheim, Deutschland
| | - R. Kobbe
- Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Institut für Infektionsforschung und Impfstoffentwicklung, STAKOB, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - M. Kunze
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - J. Lindert
- Klinik für Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - N. Ritz
- Kinderspital, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Schweiz
| | - S. Trapp
- Praxis für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - M. Hufnagel
- Abteilung Pädiatrische Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Klinik für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Mathildenstr. 1, 79106 Freiburg, Deutschland
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Trapp S, Guitart-Masip M, Schröger E. A link between age, affect, and predictions? Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:945-952. [PMID: 36692760 PMCID: PMC9729523 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of depressive symptoms decreases from late adolescence to middle age adulthood. Furthermore, despite significant losses in motor and cognitive functioning, overall emotional well-being tends to increase with age, and a bias to positive information has been observed multiple times. Several causes have been discussed for this age-related development, such as improvement in emotion regulation, less regret, and higher socioeconomic status. Here, we explore a further explanation. Our minds host mental models that generate predictions about forthcoming events to successfully interact with our physical and social environment. To keep these models faithful, the difference between the predicted and the actual event, that is, the prediction error, is computed. We argue that prediction errors are attenuated in the middle age and older mind, which, in turn, may translate to less negative affect, lower susceptibility to affective disorders, and possibly, to a bias to positive information. Our proposal is primarily linked to perceptual inferences, but may hold as well for higher-level, cognitive, and emotional forms of error processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- grid.434949.70000 0001 1408 3925Macromedia University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, WC1B 5EH UK ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erich Schröger
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Li C, Kovács G, Trapp S. Visual short-term memory load modulates repetition related fMRI signal adaptation. Biol Psychol 2021; 166:108199. [PMID: 34634432 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
While several computational models have suggested how predictive coding could be implemented on an algorithmic level, reference to cognitive processes remains rather sparse. A crucial process might be elevating relevant prior information from long-term memory to render it highly accessible for subsequent comparison with sensory input. In many models, visual short-term memory (VSTM) is considered as information from long-term memory in a state of elevated activity. We measured the BOLD signal in face-specific cortical areas using repetition suppression (RS) paradigm. RS has been associated with predictive processing in previous studies. We show that RS within the fusiform face area is significantly attenuated when VSTM is loaded with other, non-facial visual information. Although an unequivocal inference is not possible, the data indicate a role of VSTM for predictive processes as indexed by expectation-related RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Li
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gyula Kovács
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Sport Science, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Abstract
Traditionally, short-term memory (STM) has been assessed by asking participants to remember words, visual objects, or numbers for a short amount of time before their recall or recognition of those items is tested. However, this focus on memory for past sensory input might have obscured potential theoretical insights into the function of this cognitive faculty. Here, we suggest that STM may have an important role in predicting future sensory input. This reconceptualization of STM may provide a functional explanation for its capacity limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig
- Institute of Sport Science, Bielefeld University
| | - Thomas Parr
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London
| | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London
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Hufnagel M, Simon A, Trapp S, Liese J, Reinke S, Klein W, Parlowsky T, Pfeil J, Renk H, Berner R, Hübner J, Kummer S, Tillmann R. Erratum zu: Antibiotische Standardtherapie häufiger Infektionskrankheiten in der ambulanten Pädiatrie. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-021-01221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Trapp S, Pascucci D, Chelazzi L. Predictive brain: Addressing the level of representation by reviewing perceptual hysteresis. Cortex 2021; 141:535-540. [PMID: 34154800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the idea that the prediction of sensory input is one of the major computational goals of the nervous system led to the development of several large-scale theories of brain functioning, such as different versions of the Bayesian approach to brain functions, predictive coding theories of cognition and the Free-energy principle. During the years, various empirical phenomena have been re-interpreted within such frames, and have been considered as consequences of predictive processing. Here we focus on perceptual hysteresis, or serial dependence, as an exemplary case. We unravel a potential gap in the predictive frameworks and raise the idea that alternative explanations of this effect can solve this issue, as they address the type of cognitive and neural representations involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Sport Science, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - David Pascucci
- Laboratory of Psychophysics, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Chelazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; National Institute of Neuroscience, Verona, Italy
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8
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Trapp S, Vilares I. Bayesian decision-making under stress-preserved weighting of prior and likelihood information. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21456. [PMID: 33293616 PMCID: PMC7722735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76493-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A rich body of empirical work has addressed the question of how stress changes the way we memorize, learn, and make high-level decisions in complex scenarios. There is evidence that stress also changes the way we perceive the world, indicating influences on decision-making at lower levels. Surprisingly, as of yet, little research has been conducted in this domain. A few studies suggest that under stress, humans tend to eschew existing knowledge, and instead focus on novel input or information from bottom-up. Decision-making in the perceptual domain has been modeled with Bayesian frameworks. Here, existing knowledge about structures and statistics of our environment is referred to as prior, whereas sensory data are termed likelihood. In this study, we directly assessed whether stress, as induced by the socially evaluated cold pressure task (SECPT), would modulate low-level decisions, specifically the weight given to sensory information, and how people reacted to changes in prior and sensory uncertainty. We found that while the stress-inducing procedure successfully elicited subjective stress ratings as
well as stress relevant physiological paramters, it did not change participants’ average reliance on sensory information. Furthermore, it did not affect participants’ sensitivity to changes in prior and sensory uncertainty, with both groups able to detect it and modulate their behavior accordingly, in a way predicted by Bayesian statistics. Our results suggest that, contrary to our predictions, stress may not directly affect lower-level sensory-motor decisions. We discuss the findings in context of time scales of the stress reaction, linked to different neural and functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. .,Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Iris Vilares
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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9
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Rose MA, Barker M, Liese J, Adams O, Ankermann T, Baumann U, Brinkmann F, Bruns R, Dahlheim M, Ewig S, Forster J, Hofmann G, Kemen C, Lück C, Nadal D, Nüßlein T, Regamey N, Riedler J, Schmidt S, Schwerk N, Seidenberg J, Tenenbaum T, Trapp S, van der Linden M. [Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children and Adolescents (Pediatric Community Acquired Pneumonia, pCAP) - Issued under the Responsibility of the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI) and the German Society for Pediatric Pulmonology (GPP)]. Pneumologie 2020; 74:515-544. [PMID: 32823360 DOI: 10.1055/a-1139-5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present guideline aims to improve the evidence-based management of children and adolescents with pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (pCAP). Despite a prevalence of approx. 300 cases per 100 000 children per year in Central Europe, mortality is very low. Prevention includes infection control measures and comprehensive immunization. The diagnosis can and should be established clinically by history, physical examination and pulse oximetry, with fever and tachypnea as cardinal features. Additional signs or symptoms such as severely compromised general condition, poor feeding, dehydration, altered consciousness or seizures discriminate subjects with severe pCAP from those with non-severe pCAP. Within an age-dependent spectrum of infectious agents, bacterial etiology cannot be reliably differentiated from viral or mixed infections by currently available biomarkers. Most children and adolescents with non-severe pCAP and oxygen saturation > 92 % can be managed as outpatients without laboratory/microbiology workup or imaging. Anti-infective agents are not generally indicated and can be safely withheld especially in children of young age, with wheeze or other indices suggesting a viral origin. For calculated antibiotic therapy, aminopenicillins are the preferred drug class with comparable efficacy of oral (amoxicillin) and intravenous administration (ampicillin). Follow-up evaluation after 48 - 72 hours is mandatory for the assessment of clinical course, treatment success and potential complications such as parapneumonic pleural effusion or empyema, which may necessitate alternative or add-on therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rose
- Fachbereich Medizin, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt/Main und Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Klinikum St. Georg Leipzig
| | - M Barker
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin
| | - J Liese
- Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum an der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - O Adams
- Institut für Virologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
| | - T Ankermann
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin 1, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
| | - U Baumann
- Pädiatrische Pneumologie, Allergologie und Neonatologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - F Brinkmann
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ruhr-Universität Bochum
| | - R Bruns
- Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald
| | - M Dahlheim
- Praxis für Kinderpneumologie und Allergologie, Mannheim
| | - S Ewig
- Kliniken für Pneumologie und Infektiologie, Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Bochum/Herne
| | - J Forster
- Kinderabteilung St. Hedwig, St. Josefskrankenhaus , Freiburg und Merzhausen
| | | | - C Kemen
- Katholisches Kinderkrankenhaus Wilhelmstift, Hamburg
| | - C Lück
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - D Nadal
- Kinderspital Zürich, Schweiz
| | - T Nüßlein
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Gemeinschaftsklinikum Mittelrhein, Koblenz
| | - N Regamey
- Pädiatrische Pneumologie, Kinderspital Luzern, Schweiz
| | - J Riedler
- Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Kardinal Schwarzenberg'sches Krankenhaus, Schwarzach, Österreich
| | - S Schmidt
- Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald
| | - N Schwerk
- Pädiatrische Pneumologie, Allergologie und Neonatologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - J Seidenberg
- Klinik für pädiatrische Pneumologie und Allergologie, Neonatologie, Intensivmedizin und Kinderkardiologie, Klinikum Oldenburg
| | - T Tenenbaum
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim
| | | | - M van der Linden
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Aachen
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10
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Babayan A, Erbey M, Kumral D, Reinelt JD, Reiter AMF, Röbbig J, Schaare HL, Uhlig M, Anwander A, Bazin PL, Horstmann A, Lampe L, Nikulin VV, Okon-Singer H, Preusser S, Pampel A, Rohr CS, Sacher J, Thöne-Otto A, Trapp S, Nierhaus T, Altmann D, Arelin K, Blöchl M, Bongartz E, Breig P, Cesnaite E, Chen S, Cozatl R, Czerwonatis S, Dambrauskaite G, Dreyer M, Enders J, Engelhardt M, Fischer MM, Forschack N, Golchert J, Golz L, Guran CA, Hedrich S, Hentschel N, Hoffmann DI, Huntenburg JM, Jost R, Kosatschek A, Kunzendorf S, Lammers H, Lauckner ME, Mahjoory K, Kanaan AS, Mendes N, Menger R, Morino E, Näthe K, Neubauer J, Noyan H, Oligschläger S, Panczyszyn-Trzewik P, Poehlchen D, Putzke N, Roski S, Schaller MC, Schieferbein A, Schlaak B, Schmidt R, Gorgolewski KJ, Schmidt HM, Schrimpf A, Stasch S, Voss M, Wiedemann A, Margulies DS, Gaebler M, Villringer A. A mind-brain-body dataset of MRI, EEG, cognition, emotion, and peripheral physiology in young and old adults. Sci Data 2019; 6:180308. [PMID: 30747911 PMCID: PMC6371893 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a publicly available dataset of 227 healthy participants comprising a young (N=153, 25.1±3.1 years, range 20-35 years, 45 female) and an elderly group (N=74, 67.6±4.7 years, range 59-77 years, 37 female) acquired cross-sectionally in Leipzig, Germany, between 2013 and 2015 to study mind-body-emotion interactions. During a two-day assessment, participants completed MRI at 3 Tesla (resting-state fMRI, quantitative T1 (MP2RAGE), T2-weighted, FLAIR, SWI/QSM, DWI) and a 62-channel EEG experiment at rest. During task-free resting-state fMRI, cardiovascular measures (blood pressure, heart rate, pulse, respiration) were continuously acquired. Anthropometrics, blood samples, and urine drug tests were obtained. Psychiatric symptoms were identified with Standardized Clinical Interview for DSM IV (SCID-I), Hamilton Depression Scale, and Borderline Symptoms List. Psychological assessment comprised 6 cognitive tests as well as 21 questionnaires related to emotional behavior, personality traits and tendencies, eating behavior, and addictive behavior. We provide information on study design, methods, and details of the data. This dataset is part of the larger MPI Leipzig Mind-Brain-Body database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit Babayan
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miray Erbey
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck School on the Life Course, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis D. Reinelt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea M. F. Reiter
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Research Group for Cognitive and Affective Control of Behavioral Adaptation, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Josefin Röbbig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H. Lina Schaare
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Uhlig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfred Anwander
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Leonie Lampe
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vadim V. Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hadas Okon-Singer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sven Preusser
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - André Pampel
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christiane S. Rohr
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Sacher
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelika Thöne-Otto
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Day Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Till Nierhaus
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denise Altmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katrin Arelin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Blöchl
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Edith Bongartz
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patric Breig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elena Cesnaite
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sufang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberto Cozatl
- Database Management, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saskia Czerwonatis
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriele Dambrauskaite
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Dreyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jessica Enders
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melina Engelhardt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Michele Fischer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norman Forschack
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Golchert
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Golz
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C. Alexandrina Guran
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanna Hedrich
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Hentschel
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daria I. Hoffmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia M. Huntenburg
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rebecca Jost
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Kosatschek
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stella Kunzendorf
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hannah Lammers
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mark E. Lauckner
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Keyvan Mahjoory
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ahmad S. Kanaan
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Natacha Mendes
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ramona Menger
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Enzo Morino
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karina Näthe
- Library, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Neubauer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Handan Noyan
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Oligschläger
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Dorothee Poehlchen
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadine Putzke
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Roski
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie-Catherine Schaller
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Schieferbein
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benito Schlaak
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Schmidt
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM) of the Medical Faculty at the Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Hanna Maria Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Schrimpf
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Stasch
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Voss
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annett Wiedemann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel S. Margulies
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases LIFE, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Arango-Lasprilla JC, Rivera D, Trapp S, Jiménez-Pérez C, Hernández Carrillo CL, Pohlenz Amador S, Vergara-Moragues E, Rodríguez-Agudelo Y, Rodriguez-Irizarry W, García de la Cadena C, Galvao-Carmona A, Galarza-Del-Angel J, Llerena Espezúa X, Torales Cabrera N, Flor-Caravia P, Aguayo Arelis A, Saracostti Schwartzman M, Barranco Casimiro R, Albaladejo-Blázquez N. Symbol Digit Modalities Test: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population. NeuroRehabilitation 2018; 41:639-647. [PMID: 28946593 DOI: 10.3233/nre-172243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate normative data for the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations. METHOD The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the SDMT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. SDMT scores were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard deviations of residual values. Age, age2, sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in the analyses. RESULTS The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age in all countries, such that score increased linearly as a function of age. In addition, age2 had a significant effect in all countries, except in Honduras and Puerto Rico. Models indicated that children whose parent(s) had a MLPE >12 years of education obtained higher score compared to children whose parent(s) had a MLPE ≤12 years for Chile, Guatemala, Mexico, and Spain. Sex affected SDMT score for Paraguay and Spain. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest Spanish-speaking pediatric normative study in the world, and it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate interpretation of the SDMT with pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Arango-Lasprilla
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - D Rivera
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - S Trapp
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Utah, USA
| | - C Jiménez-Pérez
- CIMCYC-The Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - S Pohlenz Amador
- Escuela de Ciencias Psicológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | | | - Y Rodríguez-Agudelo
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - C García de la Cadena
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - A Galvao-Carmona
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Galarza-Del-Angel
- Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | | | | | - P Flor-Caravia
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A Aguayo Arelis
- Departamento de investigación, Psicología, Universidad Enrique Díaz de León, Guadalajara, México
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12
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Trapp S, Havlicek O, Schirmer A, Keller PE. When the rhythm disappears and the mind keeps dancing: sustained effects of attentional entrainment. Psychol Res 2018; 84:81-87. [PMID: 29344724 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-0983-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that the human cognitive system allocates attention most efficiently to a stimulus that occurs in synchrony with an established rhythmic background. However, our environment is dynamic and constantly changing. What happens when rhythms to which our cognitive system adapted disappear? We addressed this question using a visual categorization task comprising emotional and neutral faces. The task was split into three blocks of which the first and the last were completed in silence. The second block was accompanied by an acoustic background rhythm that, for one group of participants, was synchronous with face presentations, and for another group was asynchronous. Irrespective of group, performance improved with background stimulation. Importantly, improved performance extended into the third silent block for the synchronous, but not for the asynchronous group. These data suggest that attentional entrainment resulting from rhythmic environmental regularities disintegrates only gradually after the regularities disappear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. .,Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ondrej Havlicek
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annett Schirmer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter E Keller
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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14
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Abstract
To what extent can we feel what someone else feels? Data from neuroscience suggest that empathy is supported by a simulation process, namely the neural activation of the same or similar regions that subserve the representation of specific states in the observer. However, expectations significantly modulate sensory input, including affective information. For example, expecting painful stimulation can decrease the neural signal and the subjective experience thereof. For an accurate representation of the other person’s state, such top-down processes would have to be simulated as well. However, this is only partly possible, because expectations are usually acquired by learning. Therefore, it is important to be aware of possible misleading simulations that lead to misinterpretations of someone’s state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Germany
| | | | - Moshe Bar
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
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15
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Brock AL, Kästner M, Trapp S. Microbial growth yield estimates from thermodynamics and its importance for degradation of pesticides and formation of biogenic non-extractable residues. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2017; 28:629-650. [PMID: 28893109 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1365762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In biodegradation studies with isotope-labelled pesticides, fractions of non-extractable residues (NER) remain, but their nature and composition is rarely known, leading to uncertainty about their risk. Microbial growth leads to incorporation of carbon into the microbial mass, resulting in biogenic NER. Formation of microbial mass can be estimated from the microbial growth yield, but experimental data is rare. Instead, we suggest using prediction methods for the theoretical yield based on thermodynamics. Recently, we presented the Microbial Turnover to Biomass (MTB) method that needs a minimum of input data. We have estimated the growth yield of 40 organic chemicals (31 pesticides) using the MTB and two existing methods. The results were compared to experimental values, and the sensitivity of the methods was assessed. The MTB method performed best for pesticides. Having the theoretical yield and using the released CO2 as a measure for microbial activity, we predicted a range for the formation of biogenic NER. For the majority of the pesticides, a considerable fraction of the NER was estimated to be biogenic. This novel approach provides a theoretical foundation applicable to the evaluation and prediction of biogenic NER formation during pesticide degradation experiments, and may also be employed for the interpretation of NER data from regulatory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Brock
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - M Kästner
- b Department of Environmental Biotechnology , UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig , Germany
| | - S Trapp
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
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16
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Abstract
Our sense of time is prone to various biases. For instance, one factor that can dilate an event's perceived duration is the violation of predictions; when a series of repeated stimuli is interrupted by an unpredictable oddball. On the other hand, when the probability of a repetition itself is manipulated, predictable conditions can also increase estimated duration. This suggests that manipulations of expectations have different or even opposing effects on time perception. In previous studies, expectations were generated because stimuli were repeated or because the likelihood of a sequence or a repetition was varied. In the natural environment, however, expectations are often built via associative processes, for example, the context of a kitchen promotes the expectation of plates, appliances, and other associated objects. Here, we manipulated such association-based expectations by using oddballs that were either contextually associated or nonassociated with the standard items. We find that duration was more strongly overestimated for contextually associated oddballs. We reason that top-down attention is biased toward associated information, and thereby dilates subjective duration for associated oddballs. Based on this finding, we propose an interplay between top-down attention and predictive processing in the perception of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Schweitzer
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Psychology Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Moshe Bar
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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17
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Abstract
Both theoretical proposals and empirical studies suggest that the brain interprets sensory input based on expectations to mitigate computational burden. However, as social beings, much of sensory input is affectively loaded – e.g., the smile of a partner, the critical voice of a boss, or the welcoming gesture of a friend. Given that affective information is highly complex and often ambiguous, building up expectations of upcoming affective sensory input may greatly contribute to its rapid and efficient processing. This review points to the role of affective information in the context of the ‘predictive brain’. It particularly focuses on repetition suppression (RS) effects that have recently been linked to prediction processes. The findings are interpreted as evidence for more pronounced prediction processes with affective material. Importantly, it is argued that bottom-up attention inflates the neural RS effect, and because affective stimuli tend to attract more bottom-up attention, it thereby particularly overshadows the magnitude of RS effects for this information. Finally, anxiety disorders, such as social phobia, are briefly discussed as manifestations of modulations in affective prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, LeipzigGermany; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, MaastrichtNetherlands
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18
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Kobbe R, Kitz C, Trapp S, Pfeil J, Hufnagel M. Versorgung von minderjährigen Flüchtlingen. Notf Rett Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-016-0180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Rivera D, Perrin P, Weiler G, Ocampo-Barba N, Aliaga A, Rodríguez W, Rodríguez-Agudelo Y, Aguayo A, Longoni M, Trapp S, Esenarro L, Arango-Lasprilla J. Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population. NeuroRehabilitation 2015; 37:719-35. [DOI: 10.3233/nre-151287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Rivera
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - P.B. Perrin
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - G. Weiler
- Instituto de Prevención Social, Asuncion, Paraguay
| | | | - A. Aliaga
- Servicio Médico Legal, Ministerio de Justicia, Santiago, Chile
| | - W. Rodríguez
- Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | | | - A. Aguayo
- Instituto Vocacional Enrique Díaz de León, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - M. Longoni
- Clínica de rehabilitación Las Araucarias, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S. Trapp
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - L. Esenarro
- Instituto de Neuropsicología y Demencias, Lima, Peru
| | - J.C. Arango-Lasprilla
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
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20
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Lamanna J, Trapp S, Russell C, Stern M. Preparing for the future: An examination of healthcare provider and patient communication regarding childhood cancer survivorship. Child Care Health Dev 2015; 41:1047-56. [PMID: 25338746 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This qualitative, exploratory study examines the content of communication between healthcare providers (HCP) and childhood cancer patients (CCP) during a medical appointment to evaluate the extent to which cancer survivorship issues (medical and psychosocial) are discussed. METHODS The content of the communication for 16 CCP ages 10-22 and their HCP were examined via audio recorded medical appointments occurring within 6 months of the end of active cancer treatment. The data were analysed using template analysis, a constructivist-interpretivist qualitative approach. RESULTS HCP addressed more medically focused than psychosocially focused issues related to survivorship. CONCLUSIONS Most discussions of survivorship are medically focused, potentially leaving patients with little information about future psychosocial functioning. Recommendations for future research on enhancing discussions about psychosocial issues are presented. This research has the potential to inform future interventions to enhance patient-provider communication on survivorship issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lamanna
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S Trapp
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - C Russell
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M Stern
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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21
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Hoff M, Trapp S, Kaminski E, Sehm B, Steele CJ, Villringer A, Ragert P. Switching between hands in a serial reaction time task: a comparison between young and old adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:176. [PMID: 26441638 PMCID: PMC4569733 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with a variety of functional and structural brain alterations. These age-related brain alterations have been assumed to negatively impact cognitive and motor performance. Especially important for the execution of everyday activities in older adults (OA) is the ability to perform movements that depend on both hands working together. However, bimanual coordination is typically deteriorated with increasing age. Hence, a deeper understanding of such age-related brain-behavior alterations might offer the opportunity to design future interventional studies in order to delay or even prevent the decline in cognitive and/or motor performance over the lifespan. Here, we examined to what extent the capability to acquire and maintain a novel bimanual motor skill is still preserved in healthy OA as compared to their younger peers (YA). For this purpose, we investigated performance of OA (n = 26) and YA (n = 26) in a bimanual serial reaction time task (B-SRTT), on two experimental sessions, separated by 1 week. We found that even though OA were generally slower in global response times, they showed preserved learning capabilities in the B-SRTT. However, sequence specific learning was more pronounced in YA as compared to OA. Furthermore, we found that switching between hands during B-SRTT learning trials resulted in increased response times (hand switch costs), a phenomenon that was more pronounced in OA. These hand switch costs were reduced in both groups over the time course of learning. More interestingly, there were no group differences in hand switch costs on the second training session. These results provide novel evidence that bimanual motor skill learning is capable of reducing age-related deficits in hand switch costs, a finding that might have important implications to prevent the age-related decline in sensorimotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Hoff
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaminski
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Sehm
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christopher J Steele
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany ; Mind and Brain Institute, Charité and Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Ragert
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany ; Institute for General Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
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22
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Laloy E, Riou M, Barc C, Belbis G, Bréard E, Breton S, Cordonnier N, Crochet D, Delaunay R, Moreau J, Pozzi N, Raimbourg M, Sarradin P, Trapp S, Viarouge C, Zientara S, Ponsart C. Schmallenberg virus: experimental infection in goats and bucks. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:221. [PMID: 26297244 PMCID: PMC4546222 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is an emerging Orthobunyavirus of ruminant livestock species currently circulating in Europe. SBV causes a subclinical or mild disease in adult animals but vertical transmission to pregnant dams may lead to severe malformations in the offspring. Data on the onset of clinical signs, viremia and seroconversion in experimentally infected adult animals are available for cattle and sheep but are still lacking for goats. For a better understanding of the pathogenesis of SBV infection in adult ruminants, we carried out experimental infections in adult goats. Our specific objectives were: (i) to record clinical signs, viremia and seroconversion; (ii) to monitor viral excretion in the semen of infected bucks; (iii) to determine in which tissues SBV replication took place and virus-induced lesions developed. Results Four goats and two bucks were inoculated with SBV. Virus inoculation was followed by a short viremic phase lasting 3 to 4 days and a seroconversion occurring between days 7 and 14 pi in all animals. The inoculated goats did not display any clinical signs, gross lesions or histological lesions. Viral genomic RNA was found in one ovary but could not be detected in other organs. SBV RNA was not found in the semen samples collected from two inoculated bucks. Conclusions In the four goats and two bucks, the kinetics of viremia and seroconversion appeared similar to those previously described for sheep and cattle. Our limited set of data provides no evidence of viral excretion in buck semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Laloy
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité d'anatomie pathologique, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - M Riou
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - C Barc
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - G Belbis
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité de pathologie des animaux de production, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - E Bréard
- ANSES, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES-INRA-ENVA, 23 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - S Breton
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - N Cordonnier
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité d'anatomie pathologique, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - D Crochet
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - R Delaunay
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - J Moreau
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - N Pozzi
- LNCR, Laboratoire national de contrôle des reproducteurs, 13 rue Jouët, 94703, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - M Raimbourg
- LNCR, Laboratoire national de contrôle des reproducteurs, 13 rue Jouët, 94703, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - P Sarradin
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale, secteur 3, route de Crotelles, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - S Trapp
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, 37380, Nouzilly, France. .,Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, 37000, Tours, France.
| | - C Viarouge
- ANSES, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES-INRA-ENVA, 23 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - S Zientara
- ANSES, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES-INRA-ENVA, 23 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - C Ponsart
- LNCR, Laboratoire national de contrôle des reproducteurs, 13 rue Jouët, 94703, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Bisenius S, Trapp S, Neumann J, Schroeter ML. Identifying neural correlates of visual consciousness with ALE meta-analyses. Neuroimage 2015; 122:177-87. [PMID: 26241685 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) have been a topic of study for nearly two decades. In functional imaging studies, several regions have been proposed to constitute possible candidates for NCC, but as of yet, no quantitative summary of the literature on NCC has been done. The question whether single (striate or extrastriate) regions or a network consisting of extrastriate areas that project directly to fronto-parietal regions are necessary and sufficient neural correlates for visual consciousness is still highly debated [e.g., Rees et al., 2002, Nat Rev. Neurosci 3, 261-270; Tong, 2003, Nat Rev. Neurosci 4, 219-229]. The aim of this work was to elucidate this issue and give a synopsis of the present state of the art by conducting systematic and quantitative meta-analyses across functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies using several standard paradigms for conscious visual perception. In these paradigms, consciousness is operationalized via perceptual changes, while the visual stimulus remains invariant. An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was performed, representing the best approach for voxel-wise meta-analyses to date. In addition to computing a meta-analysis across all paradigms, separate meta-analyses on bistable perception and masking paradigms were conducted to assess whether these paradigms show common or different NCC. For the overall meta-analysis, we found significant clusters of activation in inferior and middle occipital gyrus; fusiform gyrus; inferior temporal gyrus; caudate nucleus; insula; inferior, middle, and superior frontal gyri; precuneus; as well as in inferior and superior parietal lobules. These results suggest a subcortical-extrastriate-fronto-parietal network rather than a single region that constitutes the necessary NCC. The results of our exploratory paradigm-specific meta-analyses suggest that this subcortical-extrastriate-fronto-parietal network might be differentially activated as a function of the paradigms used to probe for NCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Bisenius
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jane Neumann
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig & FTLD Consortium Germany, Leipzig, Germany
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; Leipzig Germany
| | - Moshe Bar
- Gonda Center for Brain Research, Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan Israel
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Laloy E, Cordonnier N, Breard E, Trapp S, Riou M, Ponsart C, Pozzi N, Hebert T, Zientara S. Experimental infection of pregnant goats with schmallenberg virus. J Comp Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.10.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jacobsen RE, Fantke P, Trapp S. Analysing half-lives for pesticide dissipation in plants. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2015; 26:325-342. [PMID: 25948099 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2015.1034772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Overall dissipation of pesticides from plants is frequently measured, but the contribution of individual loss processes is largely unknown. We use a pesticide fate model for the quantification of dissipation by processes other than degradation. The model was parameterised using field studies. Scenarios were established for Copenhagen/Denmark and Shanghai/PR China, and calibrated with measured results. The simulated dissipation rates of 42 pesticides were then compared with measured overall dissipation from field studies using tomato and wheat. The difference between measured overall dissipation and calculated dissipation by non-degradative processes should ideally be contributable to degradation in plants. In 11% of the cases, calculated dissipation was above the measured dissipation. For the remaining cases, the non-explained dissipation ranged from 30% to 83%, depending on crop type, plant part and scenario. Accordingly, degradation is the most relevant dissipation process for these 42 pesticides, followed by growth dilution. Volatilisation was less relevant, which can be explained by the design of plant protection agents. Uptake of active compound from soil into plants leads to a negative dissipation process (i.e. a gain) that is difficult to quantify because it depends largely on interception, precipitation and plant stage. This process is particularly relevant for soluble compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Jacobsen
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
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27
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Llewellyn-Smith IJ, Marina N, Manton RN, Reimann F, Gribble FM, Trapp S. Spinally projecting preproglucagon axons preferentially innervate sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Neuroscience 2014; 284:872-887. [PMID: 25450967 PMCID: PMC4300405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Spinal GLP-1 axons target primarily sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Spinal GLP-1 axons innervate interneurons that may regulate sympathetic outflow. Many GLP-1 neurons in the medulla are spinally-projecting. The lumbar cord contains YFP-expressing neurons that do not innervate the brain.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) affects central autonomic neurons, including those controlling the cardiovascular system, thermogenesis, and energy balance. Preproglucagon (PPG) neurons, located mainly in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and medullary reticular formation, produce GLP-1. In transgenic mice expressing glucagon promoter-driven yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), these brainstem PPG neurons project to many central autonomic regions where GLP-1 receptors are expressed. The spinal cord also contains GLP-1 receptor mRNA but the distribution of spinal PPG axons is unknown. Here, we used two-color immunoperoxidase labeling to examine PPG innervation of spinal segments T1–S4 in YFP-PPG mice. Immunoreactivity for YFP identified spinal PPG axons and perikarya. We classified spinal neurons receiving PPG input by immunoreactivity for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and/or Fluorogold (FG) retrogradely transported from the peritoneal cavity. FG microinjected at T9 defined cell bodies that supplied spinal PPG innervation. The deep dorsal horn of lower lumbar cord contained YFP-immunoreactive neurons. Non-varicose, YFP-immunoreactive axons were prominent in the lateral funiculus, ventral white commissure and around the ventral median fissure. In T1–L2, varicose, YFP-containing axons closely apposed many ChAT-immunoreactive sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPN) in the intermediolateral cell column (IML) and dorsal lamina X. In the sacral parasympathetic nucleus, about 10% of ChAT-immunoreactive preganglionic neurons received YFP appositions, as did occasional ChAT-positive motor neurons throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the ventral horn. YFP appositions also occurred on NOS-immunoreactive spinal interneurons and on spinal YFP-immunoreactive neurons. Injecting FG at T9 retrogradely labeled many YFP-PPG cell bodies in the medulla but none of the spinal YFP-immunoreactive neurons. These results show that brainstem PPG neurons innervate spinal autonomic and somatic motor neurons. The distributions of spinal PPG axons and spinal GLP-1 receptors correlate well. SPN receive the densest PPG innervation. Brainstem PPG neurons could directly modulate sympathetic outflow through their spinal inputs to SPN or interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Llewellyn-Smith
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - N Marina
- Department of Metabolism and Experimental Therapeutics, University College London, London WC1E, UK
| | - R N Manton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer & Cell Biology Section, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - F Reimann
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - F M Gribble
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - S Trapp
- Department of Surgery and Cancer & Cell Biology Section, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amitai Shenhav
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Sebastian Bitzer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Moshe Bar
- Gonda Center for Brain Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Wittlingerova Z, Machackova J, Petruzelkova A, Trapp S, Vlk K, Zima J. One-year measurements of chloroethenes in tree cores and groundwater at the SAP Mimoň Site, Northern Bohemia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:834-47. [PMID: 23089954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated ethenes (CE) are among the most frequent contaminants of soil and groundwater in the Czech Republic. Because conventional methods of subsurface contamination investigation are costly and technically complicated, attention is directed on alternative and innovative field sampling methods. One promising method is sampling of tree cores (plugs of woody tissue extracted from a host tree). Volatile organic compounds can enter into the trunks and other tissues of trees through their root systems. An analysis of the tree core can thus serve as an indicator of the subsurface contamination. Four areas of interest were chosen at the experimental site with CE groundwater contamination and observed fluctuations in groundwater concentrations. CE concentrations in groundwater and tree cores were observed for a 1-year period. The aim was to determine how the CE concentrations in obtained tree core samples correlate with the level of contamination of groundwater. Other factors which can affect the transfer of contaminants from groundwater to wood were also monitored and evaluated (e.g., tree species and age, level of groundwater table, river flow in the nearby Ploučnice River, seasonal effects, and the effect of the remediation technology operation). Factors that may affect the concentration of CE in wood were identified. The groundwater table level, tree species, and the intensity of transpiration appeared to be the main factors within the framework of the experiment. Obtained values documented that the results of tree core analyses can be used to indicate the presence of CE in the subsurface. The results may also be helpful to identify the best sampling period for tree coring and to learn about the time it takes until tree core concentrations react to changes in groundwater conditions. Interval sampling of tree cores revealed possible preservation of the contaminant in the wood of trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wittlingerova
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Llewellyn-Smith IJ, Gnanamanickam GJE, Reimann F, Gribble FM, Trapp S. Preproglucagon (PPG) neurons innervate neurochemically identified autonomic neurons in the mouse brainstem. Neuroscience 2012; 229:130-43. [PMID: 23069752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preproglucagon (PPG) neurons produce glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and occur primarily in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). GLP-1 affects a variety of central autonomic circuits, including those controlling the cardiovascular system, thermogenesis, and most notably energy balance. Our immunohistochemical studies in transgenic mice expressing YFP under the control of the PPG promoter showed that PPG neurons project widely to central autonomic regions, including brainstem nuclei. Functional studies have highlighted the importance of hindbrain receptors for the anorexic effects of GLP-1. In this study, we assessed YFP innervation of neurochemically identified brainstem neurons in transgenic YFP-PPG mice. Immunoreactivity for YFP plus choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and/or serotonin (5-HT) was visualised with two- or three-colour immunoperoxidase labelling using black (YFP), brown and blue-grey reaction products. In the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), terminals from fine YFP-immunoreactive axons closely apposed a small proportion of ChAT-positive and rare TH-positive/ChAT-positive motor neurons, mostly ventral to AP. YFP-immunoreactive innervation was virtually absent from the compact and loose formations of the nucleus ambiguus. In the NTS, some TH-immunoreactive neurons were closely apposed by YFP-containing axons. In the A1/C1 column in the ventrolateral medulla, close appositions on TH-positive neurons were more common, particularly in the caudal portion of the column. A single YFP-immunoreactive axon usually provided 1-3 close appositions on individual ChAT- or TH-positive neurons. Serotonin-immunoreactive neurons were most heavily innervated, with the majority of raphé pallidus, raphé obscurus and parapyramidal neurons receiving several close appositions from large varicosities of YFP-immunoreactive axons. These results indicate that GLP-1 neurons innervate various populations of brainstem autonomic neurons. These include vagal efferent neurons and catecholamine neurons in areas linked with cardiovascular control. Our data also indicate a synaptic connection between GLP-1 neurons and 5-HT neurons, some of which might contribute to the regulation of appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Llewellyn-Smith
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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Abstract
Many tasks in our daily life demand not only the use of different fingers of one hand in a serial fashion, but also to alternate from one hand to the other. Here, we investigated performance in a bimanual serial reaction time task (SRTT) with particular emphasis on learning-related changes in reaction time (RT) for consecutive button presses for homologous index- and middle fingers. The bimanual SRTT consisted of sequential button presses either with the left or right index- and middle-finger to a series of visual letters displayed on a computer screen. Each letter was assigned a specific button press with one of four fingers. Two outcome measures were investigated: (a) global sequence learning as defined by the time needed to complete a 15-letter SRTT sequence and (b) changes in hand switch costs across learning. We found that bimanual SRTT resulted in a global decrease in RT during the time course of learning that persisted for at least two weeks. Furthermore, RT to a button press showed an increase when the previous button press was associated with another hand as opposed to the same hand. This increase in RT was defined as switch costs. Hand switch costs significantly decreased during the time course of learning, and remained stable over a time of approximately two weeks. This study provides evidence for modulations of switch costs during bimanual sequence learning, a finding that might have important implications for theories of bimanual coordination and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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32
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Trapp S, Lepsien J. Attentional orienting to mnemonic representations: Reduction of load-sensitive maintenance-related activity in the intraparietal sulcus. Neuropsychologia 2012; 50:2805-2811. [PMID: 22960415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Trapp S, Lepsien J, Sehm B, Villringer A, Ragert P. Changes of hand switching costs during bimanual sequential learning. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45857. [PMID: 23029279 PMCID: PMC3448681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tasks in our daily life demand not only the use of different fingers of one hand in a serial fashion, but also to alternate from one hand to the other. Here, we investigated performance in a bimanual serial reaction time task (SRTT) with particular emphasis on learning-related changes in reaction time (RT) for consecutive button presses for homologous index- and middle fingers. The bimanual SRTT consisted of sequential button presses either with the left or right index- and middle-finger to a series of visual letters displayed on a computer screen. Each letter was assigned a specific button press with one of four fingers. Two outcome measures were investigated: (a) global sequence learning as defined by the time needed to complete a 15-letter SRTT sequence and (b) changes in hand switch costs across learning. We found that bimanual SRTT resulted in a global decrease in RT during the time course of learning that persisted for at least two weeks. Furthermore, RT to a button press showed an increase when the previous button press was associated with another hand as opposed to the same hand. This increase in RT was defined as switch costs. Hand switch costs significantly decreased during the time course of learning, and remained stable over a time of approximately two weeks. This study provides evidence for modulations of switch costs during bimanual sequence learning, a finding that might have important implications for theories of bimanual coordination and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jöran Lepsien
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Sehm
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Mind and Brain Institute, Charité and Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Ragert
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Trapp S, Schroll H, Hamker FH. Open and closed loops: A computational approach to attention and consciousness. Adv Cogn Psychol 2012; 8:1-8. [PMID: 23853675 PMCID: PMC3709102 DOI: 10.2478/v10053-008-0096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Within recent years, researchers have proposed the independence of attention and consciousness on both empirical and conceptual grounds. However, the elusive nature of these constructs complicates progress in the investigation of their interaction. We present a framework within which we conceptualize attention and consciousness in computational terms. Here, the concepts are consi-dered as large-scale, functionally and structurally different processes, embedded in a biologically inspired architecture, spanning the full arc from stimulus to response. Our architecture assumes a general independence of attention and consciousness, but supposes strong interactions. Furthermore, it addresses the developmental aspect, stressing that these functions have to gradually develop through learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
Models for the prediction of chemical uptake into plants are widely applied tools for human and wildlife exposure assessment, pesticide design and for environmental biotechnology such as phytoremediation. Steady-state considerations are often applied, because they are simple and have a small data need. However, often the emission pattern is non-steady. Examples are pesticide spraying, or the application of manure and sewage sludge on agricultural fields. In these scenarios, steady-state solutions are not valid, and dynamic simulation is required. We compared different approaches for dynamic modelling of plant uptake in order to identify relevant processes and timescales of processes in the soil-plant-air system. Based on the outcome, a new model concept for plant uptake models was developed, approximating logistic growth and coupling transpiration to growing plant mass. The underlying system of differential equations was solved analytically for the inhomogenous case, i.e. for constant input. By superposition of the results of n periods, changes in emission and input data between periods are considered. This combination allows to mimic most input functions that are relevant in practice. The model was set up, parameterized and tested for uptake into growing crops. The outcome was compared with a numerical solution, to verify the mathematical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rein
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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Abstract
The New Model Framework (NMF) for uptake into crops is based on particle deposition and Transfer factors from soil to plant calculated from the BAse de donnees sur les teneurs en Elements Traces metalliques de Plantes Potageres (BAPPET) database. Besides NMF, approaches developed by the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Hough, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), and the Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment (CLEA) approach were tested. Experimental data were assembled from the BAPPET database and Danish background data of As, Cd and Pb in soil, air and crops was collected. None of the models proved able to estimate the measured concentrations in plants from the BAPPET database with an absolute normalized error smaller than 70%. On average, the predictions had an error of 80-250%. However, when applying the models to the rural Danish background scenario, the NMF and other models predicted the concentrations in carrot and lettuce within the range of measured values. Regressions considering soil pH, organic matter and clay content were not superior to simple transfer factors. The transfer from air to plant is significant, at least under background conditions, and should be considered in the prediction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Legind
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 113, Denmark.
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Abstract
4-chlorophenol (4-CP) is a well-known hazardous chlorinated compound and a precursor for the synthesis of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate. The relation between uptake, accumulation, toxicity, and removal of 4-CP in willow trees (Salix viminalis) was determined. In addition, the feasibility of implementing phytoremediation as a treatment method for 4-CP contamination was investigated. Willows were exposed to 4-CP levels < or =79.9 mg/L in hydroponic solution. The transpiration of the trees was used to determine toxic effects. Almost no inhibition of transpiration was detected at concentrations > or =15 mg/L. For concentrations > or =37.3 mg/L, transpiration decreased to < or =50%, and the trees wilted. Trees exposed to 79.9 mg/L wilted and eventually died. For concentrations of 79.9 mg/L, a significantly higher amount of 4-CP remained at the end of experiments in the test system compared with the amount remaining at all other concentrations. The loss of chemical from the system in experiments with trees was high, < or =99.5%. In treeless experiments, the mass loss of 4-CP was only 6% to 10%. The results indicated that degradation in the root zone is the main reason for the removal of 4-CP from the media. Phytoremediation of 4-CP in willow trees seems to be a remediation option, especially at concentrations <37.3 mg/L, at which point degradation of 4-CP is rapid and efficient, and the toxic effects on trees are not lethal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ucisik
- Institute of Environment and Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
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Abstract
The current European risk assessment for chemicals considers only tap water, while in reality other beverages play an important role. A good part of beverages are made from fruits, for example apple juice and vine. A mathematical model was developed to predict uptake of neutral organic chemicals from soil and air into fruits. The new fruit tree model considers eight compartments, i.e. two soil compartments, fine roots, thick roots, stem, leaves, fruits, and air. Chemical equilibrium, advective transport in xylem and phloem, diffusive exchange to soil and air and growth dilution are the main processes. The parameterization is for a square-meter of an apple orchard. The model predicts that polar, non-volatile compounds will effectively be transported from soil to fruits, while lipophilic compounds will preferably accumulate from air into fruits. Results from various experiments show no disagreement with the model predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trapp
- Institute of Environment & Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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Astrup T, Rosenblad C, Trapp S, Christensen TH. Chromium release from waste incineration air-pollution-control residues. Environ Sci Technol 2005; 39:3321-9. [PMID: 15926585 DOI: 10.1021/es049346q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cr release overtime was investigated in batch experiments for eleven air-pollution-control residues from eight different municipal solid waste incinerators covering all majorflue gas cleaning technologies. Cr released during 168 h of contact with water showed significant variations among the residues studied. Also for the individual residue, large variations were observed depending on the liquid-to-solid ratio used in the leaching test and the degree of carbonation. It is argued that Al(0) present in the residues can control Cr leaching by reducing Cr(VI) released from the solid phase by dissolution and that exposure to oxygen-either prior to or during the leaching test-depletes the reduction capacity of Al(0) leading to increased Cr leaching. A dynamic model is shown to describe Cr release from all investigated residues by accounting for Al(0) oxidation with Cr(VI), O2, and water as well as Cr(VI) dissolution. The paper reveals that Al-O2-Cr(VI) interactions must be considered very carefully when interpreting Cr leaching data.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Astrup
- Environment & Resources DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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de Moura Sieber V, Trapp S, Nitschke I. Gesund im Alter - auch im Mund. Gesundheitswesen 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-865589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Apples and other fruits are frequently cultivated in gardens and are part of our daily diet. Uptake of pollutants into apples may therefore contribute to the human daily intake of toxic substances. In current risk assessment of polluted soils, regressions or models are in use, which were not intended to be used for tree fruits. A simple model for uptake of neutral organic contaminants into fruits is developed. It considers xylem and phloem transport to fruits through the stem. The mass balance is solved for the steady-state, and an example calculation is given. The Fruit Tree Model is compared to the empirical equation of Travis and Arms (T&A), and to results from fruits, collected in contaminated areas. For polar compounds, both T&A and the Fruit Tree Model predict bioconcentration factors fruit to soil (BCF, wet weight based) of > 1. No empirical data are available to support this prediction. For very lipophilic compounds (1ogK(ow) > 5), T&A overestimates the uptake. The conclusion from the Fruit Tree Model is that the transfer of lipophilic compounds into fruits is not relevant. This was also found by an empirical study with PCDD/F. According to the Fruit Tree Model, polar chemicals are transferred efficiently into fruits, but empirical data to verify these predictions are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trapp
- Environment & Resources DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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47
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Wolf D, Witte V, Laffert B, Blume K, Stromer E, Trapp S, d'Aloja P, Schürmann A, Baur AS. HIV-1 Nef associated PAK and PI3-kinases stimulate Akt-independent Bad-phosphorylation to induce anti-apoptotic signals. Nat Med 2001; 7:1217-24. [PMID: 11689886 DOI: 10.1038/nm1101-1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A highly conserved signaling property of Nef proteins encoded by human or simian immunodeficiency virus is the binding and activation of a PAK kinase whose function is unclear. Here we show that Nef-mediated p21-activated kinase (PAK) activation involves phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, which acts upstream of PAK and is bound and activated by Nef similar to the manner of Polyoma virus middle T antigen. The Nef-associated phosphatidylinositol-3-PAK complex phosphorylated the pro-apoptotic Bad protein without involving the protein kinase B-Akt kinase, which is generally believed to inactivate Bad by serine phosphorylation. Consequently, Nef, but not a Nef mutant incapable of activating PAK, blocked apoptosis in T cells induced by serum starvation or HIV replication. Nef anti-apoptotic effects are likely a crucial mechanism for viral replication in the host and thus in AIDS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wolf
- Department of Dermatology Erlangen, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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48
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Verner E, Katz BA, Spencer JR, Allen D, Hataye J, Hruzewicz W, Hui HC, Kolesnikov A, Li Y, Luong C, Martelli A, Radika K, Rai R, She M, Shrader W, Sprengeler PA, Trapp S, Wang J, Young WB, Mackman RL. Development of serine protease inhibitors displaying a multicentered short (<2.3 A) hydrogen bond binding mode: inhibitors of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and factor Xa. J Med Chem 2001; 44:2753-71. [PMID: 11495587 DOI: 10.1021/jm0100638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel scaffolds that bind to serine proteases through a unique network of short hydrogen bonds to the catalytic Ser195 have been developed. The resulting potent serine protease inhibitors were designed from lead molecule 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)1H-benzoimidazole-5-carboxamidine, 6b, which is known to display several modes of binding. For instance, 6b can recruit zinc and bind in a manner similar to that reported by bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane (BABIM) (Nature 1998, 391, 608-612).(1) Alternatively, 6b can bind in the absence of zinc through a multicentered network of short (<2.3 A) hydrogen bonds. The lead structure was optimized in the zinc-independent binding mode toward a panel of six human serine proteases to yield optimized inhibitors such as 2-(3-bromo-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-1H-indole-5-carboxamidine, 22a, and 2-(2-hydroxybiphenyl-3-yl)-1H-indole-5-carboxamidine, 22f. Structure-activity relationships determined that, apart from the amidine function, an indole or benzimidazole and an ortho substituted phenol group were also essential components for optimal potency. The affinities (K(i)) of 22a and 22f, for example, bearing these groups ranged from 8 to 600 nM toward a panel of six human serine proteases. High-resolution crystal structures revealed that the binding mode of these molecules in several of the enzymes was identical to that of 6b and involved short (<2.3 A) hydrogen bonds among the inhibitor hydroxyl oxygen, Ser195, and a water molecule trapped in the oxyanion hole. In summation, novel and potent trypsin-like serine protease inhibitors possessing a unique mode of binding have been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Verner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Axys Pharmaceuticals Inc., 180 Kimball Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
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49
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Trapp S, Miglioranza KS, Mosbaek H. Sorption of lipophilic organic compounds to wood and implications for their environmental fate. Environ Sci Technol 2001; 35:1561-1566. [PMID: 11329702 DOI: 10.1021/es000204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The sorption from water to wood (KWood) of 10 organic chemicals (log KOW, 1.48-6.20) was experimentally determined for oak (Quercus robur) and basket willow (Salix viminalis). Linear regression yielded log KWood = -0.27 (+/- 0.25) + 0.632 (+/- 0.063) log KOW for oak (r = 0.90, n = 27) and log KWood = -0.28 (+/- 0.40) + 0.668 (+/- 0.103) log KOW for willow (r = 0.79, n = 27). According to an equilibrium-partitioning model, wood should be an important storage compartment for lipophilic environmental chemicals, but this is contrary to analytical results. Diffusive uptake from air into wood was estimated to be a relevant transport process only for chemicals with a high KAW. Uptake of chemicals from soil via xylem into stem was simulated with a dynamic one-compartment model. This pathway seems to be important for chemicals with low and intermediate lipophilicity. In large trees, the chemicals are retained for a long time. If metabolism inside the stem occurs, wood can serve as a "safe sink" for environmental chemicals. This might be of use in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trapp
- Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
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50
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Matsuo M, Trapp S, Tanizawa Y, Kioka N, Amachi T, Oka Y, Ashcroft FM, Ueda K. Functional analysis of a mutant sulfonylurea receptor, SUR1-R1420C, that is responsible for persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:41184-91. [PMID: 10993895 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006503200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)(+)) channel is crucial for the regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cell, and mutations in either the sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1) or Kir6. 2 subunit of this channel can cause persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI). We analyzed the functional consequences of the PHHI missense mutation R1420C, which lies in the second nucleotide-binding fold (NBF2) of SUR1. Mild tryptic digestion of SUR1 after photoaffinity labeling allowed analysis of the nucleotide-binding properties of NBF1 and NBF2. Labeling of NBF1 with 8-azido-[alpha-(32)P]ATP was inhibited by MgATP and MgADP with similar K(i) for wild-type SUR1 and SUR1-R1420C. However, the MgATP and MgADP affinities of NBF2 of SUR1-R1420C were about 5-fold lower than those of wild-type SUR1. MgATP and MgADP stabilized 8-azido-ATP binding at NBF1 of wild-type SUR1 by interacting with NBF2, but this cooperative nucleotide binding was not observed for SUR1-R1420C. Studies on macroscopic currents recorded in inside-out membrane patches revealed that the SUR1-R1420C mutation exhibits reduced expression but does not affect inhibition by ATP or tolbutamide or activation by diazoxide. However, co-expression with Kir6.2-R50G, which renders the channel less sensitive to ATP inhibition, revealed that the SUR1-R1420C mutation increases the EC(50) for MgADP activation from 74 to 197 microm. We suggest that the lower expression of the mutant channel and the reduced affinity of NBF2 for MgADP may lead to a smaller K(ATP)(+) current in R1420C-PHHI beta-cells and thereby to the enhanced insulin secretion. We also propose a new model for nucleotide activation of K(ATP)(+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsuo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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