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Konrad A, Alizadeh S, Anvar SH, Fischer J, Manieu J, Behm DG. Static Stretch Training versus Foam Rolling Training Effects on Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02041-0. [PMID: 38760635 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term static stretching as well as foam rolling training can increase a joint's range of motion (ROM). However, to date, it is not clear which method is the most effective for increasing ROM. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the effects of static stretching and foam rolling training on ROM. METHODS The literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find the eligible studies. Eighty-five studies (72 on static stretching; and 13 on foam rolling) were found to be eligible with 204 effect sizes (ESs). For the main analyses, a random-effect meta-analysis was applied. To assess the difference between static stretching and foam rolling, subgroup analyses with a mixed-effect model were applied. Moderating variables were sex, total intervention duration, and weeks of intervention. RESULTS Static stretch (ES = - 1.006; p < 0.001), as well as foam rolling training (ES = - 0.729; p = 0.001), can increase joint ROM with a moderate magnitude compared with a control condition. However, we did not detect a significant difference between the two conditions in the subgroup analysis (p = 0.228). When the intervention duration was ≤ 4 weeks, however, a significant change in ROM was shown following static stretching (ES = - 1.436; p < 0.001), but not following foam rolling (ES = - 0.229; p = 0.248). Thus, a subgroup analysis indicated a significant favorable effect with static stretching for increasing ROM compared with foam rolling (p < 0.001) over a shorter term (≤ 4 weeks). Other moderator analyses showed no significant difference between static stretch and foam rolling training on ROM. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, both static stretching and foam rolling training can be similarly recommended to increase joint ROM, unless the training is scheduled for ≤ 4 weeks, in which case static stretching demonstrates a significant advantage. More studies are needed with a high-volume foam rolling training approach as well as foam rolling training in exclusively female participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Human Performance Lab, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Josef Fischer
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Josefina Manieu
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Tajeddin N, Arabfard M, Alizadeh S, Salesi M, Khamse S, Delbari A, Ohadi M. Novel islands of GGC and GCC repeats coincide with human evolution. Gene 2024; 902:148194. [PMID: 38262548 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of high mutation rate, overrepresentation in genic regions, and link with various neurological, neurodegenerative, and movement disorders, GGC and GCC short tandem repeats (STRs) are prone to natural selection. Among a number of lacking data, the 3-repeats of these STRs remain widely unexplored. RESULTS In a genome-wide search in human, here we mapped GGC and GCC STRs of ≥3-repeats, and found novel islands of up to 45 of those STRs, populating spans of 1 to 2 kb of genomic DNA. RGPD4 and NOC4L harbored the densest (GGC)3 (probability 3.09061E-71) and (GCC)3 (probability 1.72376E-61) islands, respectively, and were human-specific. We also found prime instances of directional incremented density of STRs at specific loci in human versus other species, including the FOXK2 and SKI GGC islands. The genes containing those islands significantly diverged in expression in human versus other species, and the proteins encoded by those genes interact closely in a physical interaction network, consequence of which may be human-specific characteristics such as higher order brain functions. CONCLUSION We report novel islands of GGC and GCC STRs of evolutionary relevance to human. The density, and in some instances, periodicity of these islands support them as a novel genomic entity, which need to be further explored in evolutionary, mechanistic, and functional platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tajeddin
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Arabfard
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Alizadeh
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Salesi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Khamse
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ohadi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Khamse S, Alizadeh S, Khorshid HRK, Delbari A, Tajeddin N, Ohadi M. A Hypermutable Region in the DISP2 Gene Links to Natural Selection and Late-Onset Neurocognitive Disorders in Humans. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04155-y. [PMID: 38565786 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
(CCG) short tandem repeats (STRs) are predominantly enriched in genic regions, mutation hotspots for C to T truncating substitutions, and involved in various neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, intact blocks of this class of STRs are widely overlooked with respect to their link with natural selection. The human neuron-specific gene, DISP2 (dispatched RND transporter family member 2), contains a (CCG) repeat in its 5' untranslated region. Here, we sequenced this STR in a sample of 448 Iranian individuals, consisting of late-onset neurocognitive disorder (NCD) (N = 203) and controls (N = 245). We found that the region spanning the (CCG) repeat was highly mutated, resulting in several flanking (CCG) residues. However, an 8-repeat of the (CCG) repeat was predominantly abundant (frequency = 0.92) across the two groups. While the overall distribution of genotypes was not different between the two groups (p > 0.05), we detected four genotypes in the NCD group only (2% of the NCD genotypes, Mid-p = 0.02), consisting of extreme short alleles, 5- and 6-repeats, that were not detected in the control group. The patients harboring those genotypes received the diagnoses of probable Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. We also found six genotypes in the control group only (2.5% of the control genotypes, Mid-p = 0.01) that consisted of the 8-repeat and extreme long alleles, 9- and 10-repeats, of which the 10-repeat was not detected in the NCD group. The (CCG) repeat specifically expanded in primates. In conclusion, we report an indication of natural selection at a novel hypermutable region in the human genome and divergent alleles and genotypes in late-onset NhCDs and controls. These findings reinforce the hypothesis that a collection of rare alleles and genotypes in a number of genes may unambiguously contribute to the cognition impairment component of late-onset NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khamse
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Alizadeh
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H R Khorram Khorshid
- Personalized Medicine and Genometabolomics Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - N Tajeddin
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ohadi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Konrad A, Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Anvar SH, Graham A, Zahiri A, Goudini R, Edwards C, Scharf C, Behm DG. Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sport Health Sci 2024; 13:186-194. [PMID: 37301370 PMCID: PMC10980866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion (ROM). However, to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in flexibility. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables, such as stretching technique, intensity, duration, frequency, and muscles stretched, as well as sex-specific, age-specific, and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch training. METHODS We searched through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and, finally, assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect meta-analysis. Moreover, by applying a mixed-effect model, we performed the respective subgroup analyses. To find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes, we performed a meta-regression. RESULTS We found a significant overall effect, indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls (effect size = -1.002; Z = -12.074; 95% confidence interval: -1.165 to -0.840; p < 0.001; I2 = 74.97). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the stretching techniques (p = 0.01) indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic stretching. Moreover, there was a significant effect between the sexes (p = 0.04), indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM compared to males. However, further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or difference. CONCLUSION When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching, rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching, should be applied. Something to consider in future research as well as sports practice is that neither volume, intensity, nor frequency of stretching were found to play a significant role in ROM yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz A-8010, Austria; School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-13439, Iran
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Andrew Graham
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Chris Edwards
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Carina Scharf
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz A-8010, Austria
| | - David George Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
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Arabfard M, Tajeddin N, Alizadeh S, Salesi M, Bayat H, Khorram Khorshid HR, Khamse S, Delbari A, Ohadi M. Dyads of GGC and GCC form hotspot colonies that coincide with the evolution of human and other great apes. BMC Genom Data 2024; 25:21. [PMID: 38383300 PMCID: PMC10880355 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GGC and GCC short tandem repeats (STRs) are of various evolutionary, biological, and pathological implications. However, the fundamental two-repeats (dyads) of these STRs are widely unexplored. RESULTS On a genome-wide scale, we mapped (GGC)2 and (GCC)2 dyads in human, and found monumental colonies (distance between each dyad < 500 bp) of extraordinary density, and in some instances periodicity. The largest (GCC)2 and (GGC)2 colonies were intergenic, homogeneous, and human-specific, consisting of 219 (GCC)2 on chromosome 2 (probability < 1.545E-219) and 70 (GGC)2 on chromosome 9 (probability = 1.809E-148). We also found that several colonies were shared in other great apes, and directionally increased in density and complexity in human, such as a colony of 99 (GCC)2 on chromosome 20, that specifically expanded in great apes, and reached maximum complexity in human (probability 1.545E-220). Numerous other colonies of evolutionary relevance in human were detected in other largely overlooked regions of the genome, such as chromosome Y and pseudogenes. Several of the genes containing or nearest to those colonies were divergently expressed in human. CONCLUSION In conclusion, (GCC)2 and (GGC)2 form unprecedented genomic colonies that coincide with the evolution of human and other great apes. The extent of the genomic rearrangements leading to those colonies support overlooked recombination hotspots, shared across great apes. The identified colonies deserve to be studied in mechanistic, evolutionary, and functional platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arabfard
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Tajeddin
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Alizadeh
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Salesi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Bayat
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H R Khorram Khorshid
- Personalized Medicine and Genometabolomics Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Khamse
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ohadi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Goudini R, Zahiri A, Alizadeh S, Drury B, Anvar SH, Daneshjoo A, Behm DG. The Effects of Physical and Mental Fatigue on Time Perception. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:59. [PMID: 38393279 PMCID: PMC10891994 DOI: 10.3390/sports12020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The perception of time holds a foundational significance regarding how we elucidate the chronological progression of events. While some studies have examined exercise effects on time perception during exercise periods, there are no studies investigating the effects of exercise fatigue on time perception after an exercise intervention. This study investigated the effects of physical and mental fatigue on time estimates over 30 s immediately post-exercise and 6 min post-test. Seventeen volunteers were subjected to three conditions: physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and control. All participants completed a familiarization session and were subjected to three 30 min experimental conditions (control, physical fatigue (cycling at 65% peak power output), and mental fatigue (Stroop task)) on separate days. Time perception, heart rate, and body temperature were recorded pre-test; at the start of the test; 5, 10, 20, 30 seconds into the interventions; post-test; and at the 6 min follow-up. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded four times during the intervention. Physical fatigue resulted in a significant (p = 0.001) underestimation of time compared to mental fatigue and control conditions at the post-test and follow-up, with no significant differences between mental fatigue and control conditions. Heart rate, body temperature, and RPE were significantly (all p = 0.001) higher with physical fatigue compared to mental fatigue and control conditions during the intervention and post-test. This study demonstrated that cycling-induced fatigue led to time underestimation compared to mental fatigue and control conditions. It is crucial to consider that physical fatigue has the potential to lengthen an individual's perception of time estimates in sports or work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (R.G.); (A.Z.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (R.G.); (A.Z.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Benjamin Drury
- Sport & Exercise Science, Hartpury University, Gloucestershire GL19 3BE, UK;
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (R.G.); (A.Z.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-13439, Iran;
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (R.G.); (A.Z.); (S.H.A.)
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Alizadeh S, Khamse S, Tajeddin N, Khorram Khorshid HR, Delbari A, Ohadi M. A GCC repeat in RAB26 undergoes natural selection in human and harbors divergent genotypes in late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Gene 2024; 893:147968. [PMID: 37931854 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Although mainly located in genic regions and being mutation hotspots, intact blocks of CG-rich trinucleotide short tandem repeats (STRs) are largely overlooked with respect to their link with natural selection. The human RAB26 (member RAS oncogene family) directs synaptic and secretory vesicles into preautophagosomal structures, inhibition of which specifically disrupts axonal transport of degradative organelles and leads to an axonal dystrophy, resembling Alzheimer's disease (AD). Human RAB26 contains a GCC repeat in the top 1st percent in respect of length. Here we sequenced this STR in 441 Iranian individuals, consisting of late-onset neurocognitive disorder (NCD) (N = 216) and controls (N = 225). In both groups, the 12-repeat allele and the 12/12 genotype were predominantly abundant. We found excess of homozygosity for non-12 alleles in the NCD group (Mid-P exact = 0.027). Furthermore, divergent genotypes were detected that were specific to the NCD group (2.8% of genotypes) (Mid-P exact = 0.006) or controls (3.1% of genotypes) (Mid-P exact = 0.004). The patients harboring divergent genotypes received the diagnosis of AD. Based on the predominant abundance of the 12-repeat and 12/12 genotype in both groups, excess of non-12 homozygosity in the NCD group, and divergent genotypes across the NCD and control groups, we propose natural selection at this locus and link with late-onset AD. Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that a collection of rare genotypes unambiguously contribute to the pathogenesis of late-onset NCDs, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alizadeh
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Khamse
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Tajeddin
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H R Khorram Khorshid
- Personalized Medicine and Genometabolomics Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Delbari
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Ohadi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Behm DG, Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Anvar SH, Graham A, Zahiri A, Goudini R, Edwards C, Culleton R, Scharf C, Konrad A. Acute Effects of Various Stretching Techniques on Range of Motion: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Sports Med Open 2023; 9:107. [PMID: 37962709 PMCID: PMC10645614 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Although stretching can acutely increase joint range of motion (ROM), there are a variety of factors which could influence the extent of stretch-induced flexibility such as participant characteristics, stretching intensities, durations, type (technique), and muscle or joint tested. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the acute effects of stretching on ROM including moderating variables such as muscles tested, stretch techniques, intensity, sex, and trained state. Methods A random-effect meta-analysis was performed from 47 eligible studies (110 effect sizes). A mixed-effect meta-analysis subgroup analysis was also performed on the moderating variables. A meta-regression was also performed between age and stretch duration. GRADE analysis was used to assess the quality of evidence obtained from this meta-analysis. Results The meta-analysis revealed a small ROM standard mean difference in favor of an acute bout of stretching compared to non-active control condition (ES = −0.555; Z = −8.939; CI (95%) −0.677 to −0.434; p < 0.001; I2 = 33.32). While there were ROM increases with sit and reach (P = 0.038), hamstrings (P < 0.001), and triceps surae (P = 0.002) tests, there was no change with the hip adductor test (P = 0.403). Further subgroup analyses revealed no significant difference in stretch intensity (P = 0.76), trained state (P = 0.99), stretching techniques (P = 0.72), and sex (P = 0.89). Finally, meta-regression showed no relationship between the ROM standard mean differences to age (R2 = −0.03; P = 0.56) and stretch duration (R 2 = 0.00; P = 0.39), respectively. GRADE analysis indicated that we can be moderately confident in the effect estimates. Conclusion A single bout of stretching can be considered effective for providing acute small magnitude ROM improvements for most ROM tests, which are not significantly affected by stretch intensity, participants’ trained state, stretching techniques, and sex. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-023-00652-x. The meta-analysis on joint range of motion (ROM) increases revealed a small effect size in favor of an acute bout of stretching compared to the control condition. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant increase in ROM with sit and reach, hamstrings, and triceps surae tests, but no improvement with the hip adductor tests. Whereas all moderating variables presented significant increases in ROM, further subgroup analyses revealed no significant difference in ROM gains with the stretch intensity, trained state of the participants, stretching techniques, and sex. A meta-regression showed no relationship between the effect sizes to age and stretch duration, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- David George Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76169-13439, Iran
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Andrew Graham
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Chris Edwards
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Robyn Culleton
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Carina Scharf
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Konrad
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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Forman DA, Alizadeh S, Button DC, Holmes MW. The Use of Elastic Resistance Bands to Reduce Dynamic Knee Valgus in Squat-Based Movements: A Narrative Review. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:1206-1217. [PMID: 37795322 PMCID: PMC10547095 DOI: 10.26603/001c.87764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An elastic band wrapped around the distal thighs has recently been proposed as a method for reducing dynamic knee valgus (medial movement of the knee joint in the frontal/coronal plane) while performing squats. The rationale behind this technique is that, by using an external force to pull the knees into further knee valgus, the band both exaggerates the pre-existing movement and provides additional local proprioceptive input, cueing individuals to adjust their knee alignment. If these mechanisms are true, then elastic bands might indeed reduce dynamic knee valgus, which could be promising for use in injury prevention as excessive knee valgus may be associated with a greater risk of sustaining an ACL rupture and/or other knee injuries. Due to this possibility, certain athletic populations have already adopted the use of elastic bands for training and/or rehab, despite a limited number of studies showing beneficial findings. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine current literature that has assessed lower limb muscle activity and/or lower limb kinematics performance on squat-based movements with or without an elastic band(s). Importantly, this paper will also discuss the key limitations that exist in this area, propose suggestions for future research directions, and provide recommendations for training implementations. Level of Evidence 5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of Newfoundland
| | - Duane C Button
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of Newfoundland
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Graham AP, Gardner H, Chaabene H, Talpey S, Alizadeh S, Behm DG. Maximal and Submaximal Intensity Isometric Knee Extensions Induce an Underestimation of Time Estimates with Both Younger And Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Trial. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:406-416. [PMID: 37711714 PMCID: PMC10499124 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Our perception of time plays a critical role in nearly all daily activities and especially in sports. There are no studies that have investigated and compared time perception during exercise in young and older adults. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effects of exercise on time perception between younger and older adult populations. Thirty-three recreationally active participants were recruited and assigned to either the younger (university students, 9 males and 10 females) or older adults (>60 years, 8 males and 6 females). All participants completed four exercise conditions over two sessions on separate days: approximately 30-seconds of knee extensors 100%, 60% and 10% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and control (no contractions). Prospective time perception was estimated (at 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-seconds) at the beginning of each session and while performing the exercise. A main effect for condition (p < 0.001, d = 1.06) with subsequent post-hoc tests indicated participants significantly underestimated (estimated time was shorter than chronological time) time in all three exercise conditions compared to the control. There were no significant age group differences. In conclusion, exercise underestimated time estimates regardless of intensity or age. This questions the postulated intensity-dependent relationship between exercise and time perception. While older adults were expected to be less accurate in their time estimates, they may have been able to adopt alternative strategies for age-related changes in their internal clock, resulting in no significant age group differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Paul Graham
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Hayley Gardner
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Sport and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam Germany
| | - Scott Talpey
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia at Ballarat, Australia
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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11
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Ramsay E, Alizadeh S, Summers D, Hodder A, Behm DG. The Effect of a Mental Task Versus Unilateral Physical Fatigue on Non-Local Muscle Fatigue in Recreationally Active Young Adults. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:549-558. [PMID: 37711717 PMCID: PMC10499156 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-local muscle fatigue (NLMF) has been attributed to both physical and mental fatigue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mental exertion versus unilateral physical fatigue on NLMF. Sixteen recreationally active participants completed a physical task (2-sets of 100-s unilateral knee extension (KE) maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) with the dominant leg with 40-s recovery between sets, mental task (4-minute Stroop task), and control condition. Before and after each condition, blood lactate was collected, and contralateral 5-s KE, flexion (KF) and bilateral lateral trunk flexors MVIC (measure of trunk stability strength) was performed. Following the post-test 5-s MVICs, participants performed 12 non-dominant KE MVICs with a work-to-rest ratio of 5/10-s. Electromyography was monitored during the MVICs. Neither the 4-minute Stroop test or the unilateral KE physical fatigue intervention adversely affected the non-dominant KE forces or EMG activity with a single MVIC or 12 repetition MVICs. Although the non-dominant KF fatigue index forces and hamstrings EMG were not impaired by the interventions, there was a significant interaction (p = 0.001) small magnitude (d = 0.42) decrease in the non-dominant KF single MVIC force following the contralateral fatigue intervention, albeit with no significant change in hamstrings EMG. This MVIC deficit may be related to the significant decrease in dominant (p = 0.046, d = 2.6) and non-dominant external obliques (p = 0.048, d = 0.57) activation adversely affecting trunk stability. In conclusion, a 4-minute Stroop test or unilateral KE physical fatigue intervention did not impair non-dominant KE single or repeated 12 repetition MVIC forces or EMG activity. The small magnitude deficit in the non-dominant KF single MVIC force following the contralateral fatigue intervention are in accord with the heterogenous findings common in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ramsay
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Summers
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Alexandra Hodder
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada
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12
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Anvar SH, Granacher U, Konrad A, Alizadeh S, Culleton R, Edwards C, Goudini R, Behm DG. Corticospinal excitability and reflex modulation in a contralateral non-stretched muscle following unilateral stretching. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1837-1850. [PMID: 37072505 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Muscle stretching effect on the range of motion (ROM) and force deficit in non-stretched muscle, and the underlying mechanisms, is an ongoing issue. This study aimed to investigate crossover stretching effects and mechanisms on the plantar flexor muscles. METHODS Fourteen recreationally active females (n = 5) and males (n = 9) performed six sets of 45-s static stretching (SS) (15-s recovery) to the point of discomfort of the dominant leg (DL) plantar flexors or control (345-s rest). Participants were tested for a single 5-s pre- and post-test maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with each plantar flexor muscle and were tested for DL and non-DL ROM. They were tested pre- and post-test (immediate, 10-s, 30-s) for the Hoffman (H)-reflex and motor-evoked potentials (MEP) from transcranial magnetic stimulation in the contralateral, non-stretched muscle. RESULTS Both the DL and non-DL-MVIC force had large magnitude, significant (↓10.87%, p = 0.027, pƞ2 = 0.4) and non-significant (↓9.53%, p = 0.15, pƞ2 = 0.19) decreases respectively with SS. The SS also significantly improved the DL (6.5%, p < 0.001) and non-DL (5.35%, p = 0.002) ROM. The non-DL MEP/MMax and HMax/MMax ratio did not change significantly. CONCLUSION Prolonged static stretching improved the stretched muscle's ROM. However, the stretched limb's force was negatively affected following the stretching protocol. The ROM improvement and large magnitude force impairment (statistically non-significant) were transferred to the contralateral muscles. The lack of significant changes in spinal and corticospinal excitability confirms that the afferent excitability of the spinal motoneurons and corticospinal excitability may not play a substantial role in non-local muscle's ROM or force output responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Konrad
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz, Austria
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Robyn Culleton
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Chris Edwards
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
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Gardner HR, Konrad A, Alizadeh S, Graham A, Behm DG. Temporal perception is distorted by submaximal and maximal isometric contractions of the knee extensors in young healthy males and females. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1185480. [PMID: 37564916 PMCID: PMC10410566 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1185480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The estimate of time (temporal perception) is important for activities of daily living, sports and even survival, however time perception research needs greater scrutiny. Time estimation can influence movement decisions and determine whether the individual is successful at their goal, The objectives of this study were to examine participants perception of time at 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-s intervals to determine possible distortions of time estimates caused by varying intensity isometric contractions, and sex differences. Methods In this repeated measures study, 19 participants (10 females, 9 males) endured two sessions, which consisted of a cognitive task of estimating time intervals while performing an isometric knee extension at maximal, submaximal (60%), and distraction (10%) intensities and a non-active control. In addition to time estimates; heart rate (HR), tympanic temperatures and electromyography during the intervention contractions were monitored. Maximal contractions induced significantly greater time underestimations at 5-s (4.43 ± 0.93, p = 0.004), 20-s (18.59 ± 2.61-s, p = 0.03), and 30-s (27.41 ± 4.07-s, p = 0.004) than control. Submaximal contractions contributed to time underestimation at 30-s (27.38 ± 3.17-s, p = 0.001). Females demonstrated a greater underestimation of 5-s during the interventions than males (p = 0.02) with 60% submaximal (-0.64-s ± 0.26) and distraction (-0.53-s ± 0.22) conditions. For the other 10-, 20-, 30-s intervals, there was no significant time perception sex differences. The control condition exhibited lower HR (75.3 ± 11.6) than the maximal (92.5 ± 13.9), 60% submaximal (92.2 ± 14.4) or distraction (90.5 ± 14.7) conditions. Tympanic temperatures were not influenced by the contraction intensities. Discussion There was greater integrated knee extensor electromyographic activity during the maximal contractions to suggest greater neuromuscular activation that may influence time perception. However, there was no consistent effect of changes in HR or temperature on time estimates. This work adds to the growing literature of time perception during exercise to state that time is significantly underestimated when performing moderate to vigorous intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley R. Gardner
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Andreas Konrad
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz, Austria
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew Graham
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
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Behm DG, Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Konrad A. Potential Effects of Dynamic Stretching on Injury Incidence of Athletes: A Narrative Review of Risk Factors. Sports Med 2023; 53:1359-1373. [PMID: 37162736 PMCID: PMC10289929 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of dynamic stretching as a replacement for static stretching in the warm-up is widespread based on the reports of static stretching-induced performance impairments. While acute and chronic static stretching has been reported to reduce musculotendinous injuries, especially with explosive and change of direction actions, the influence of dynamic stretching on injury incidence lacks a similar volume of literature for acute and chronic responses. It was the objective of this narrative review to examine the acute and training effects of dynamic stretching on injury incidence and possible moderating variables such as dynamic stretching effects on range of motion, strength, balance, proprioception, muscle morphology, and psycho-physiological responses. One study demonstrated no significant difference regarding injury incidence when comparing a dynamic stretching-only group versus a combined dynamic stretching plus static stretching group. The only other study examined functional dynamic stretching training with injured dancers and reported improved ankle joint stability. However, several studies have shown that dynamic activity with some dynamic stretching exercises within a warm-up consistently demonstrates positive effects on injury incidence. Regarding moderating variables, while there is evidence that an acute bout of dynamic stretching can enhance range of motion, the acute and training effects of dynamic stretching on strength, balance, proprioception, and musculotendinous stiffness/compliance are less clear. The acute effects of dynamic stretching on thixotropic effects and psycho-physiological responses could be beneficial for injury reduction. However, the overall conflicting studies and a lack of substantial literature compared with SS effects points to a need for more extensive studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7 Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7 Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7 Canada
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Andreas Konrad
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7 Canada
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz, Austria
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Warneke K, Aragão-Santos JC, Alizadeh S, Bahrami M, Anvar SH, Konrad A, Behm DG. Are Acute Effects of Foam-Rolling Attributed to Dynamic Warm Up Effects? A Comparative Study. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:180-188. [PMID: 37293416 PMCID: PMC10244996 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, acute increases in range of motion (ROM) in response to foam rolling (FR) have been frequently reported. Compared to stretching, FR-induced ROM increases were not typically accompanied by a performance (e.g., force, power, endurance) deficit. Consequently, the inclusion of FR in warm-up routines was frequently recommended, especially since literature pointed out non-local ROM increases after FR. However, to attribute ROM increases to FR it must be ensured that such adaptations do not occur as a result of simple warm-up effects, as significant increases in ROM can also be assumed as a result of active warm-up routines. To answer this research question, 20 participants were recruited using a cross-over design. They performed 4x45 seconds hamstrings rolling under two conditions; FR, and sham rolling (SR) using a roller board to imitate the foam rolling movement without the pressure of the foam rolling. They were also tested in a control condition. Effects on ROM were tested under passive, active dynamic as well as ballistic conditions. Moreover, to examine non-local effects the knee to wall test (KtW) was used. Results showed that both interventions provided significant, moderate to large magnitude increases in passive hamstrings ROM and KtW respectively, compared to the control condition (p = 0.007-0.041, d = 0.62-0.77 and p = 0.002-0.006, d = 0.79-0.88, respectively). However, the ROM increases were not significantly different between the FR and the SR condition (p = 0.801, d = 0.156 and p = 0.933, d = 0.09, respectively). No significant changes could be obtained under the active dynamic (p = 0.65) while there was a significant decrease in the ballistic testing condition with a time effect (p < 0.001). Thus, it can be assumed that potential acute increases in ROM cannot be exclusively attributed to FR. It is therefore speculated that warm up effects could be responsible independent of FR or imitating the rolling movement, which indicates there is no additive effect of FR or SR to the dynamic or ballistic range of motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Warneke
- Institute for Exercise, Sport and Health, Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - José Carlos Aragão-Santos
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Department for Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mahdi Bahrami
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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Lockyer EJ, Alizadeh S, Compton CT, Button DC, Power KE. Two weeks of arm cycling sprint interval training enhances spinal excitability to the biceps brachii. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:1422-1437. [PMID: 37102697 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00367.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether a 2-week arm cycling sprint interval training (SIT) program modulated corticospinal pathway excitability in healthy, neurologically intact participants. We employed a pre-post study design with two groups: 1) an experimental SIT group and 2) a non-exercising control group. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex and transmastoid electrical stimulation (TMES) of corticospinal axons were used at baseline and post-training to provide indices of corticospinal and spinal excitability, respectively. Stimulus-response curves (SRCs) recorded from the biceps brachii were elicited for each stimulation type during two submaximal arm cycling conditions ((25 watts (W) and 30% peak power output (PPO)). All stimulations were delivered during the mid-elbow flexion phase of cycling. Compared to baseline, performance on the time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test at post-testing was improved for members of the SIT group but was not altered for controls, suggesting that SIT improved exercise performance. There were no changes in the area under the curve (AUC) for TMS-elicited SRCs for either group. However, the AUC for TMES-elicited cervicomedullary motor evoked potential SRCs were significantly larger at post-testing in the SIT group only (25W: p=0.012, d=0.870; 30% PPO: p=0.016, d=0.825). This data shows that overall corticospinal excitability is unchanged following SIT, while spinal excitability is enhanced. While the precise mechanisms underlying these findings during arm cycling at post-SIT are unknown, it is suggested that the enhanced spinal excitability may represent a neural adaptation to training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan J Lockyer
- Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Chris T Compton
- Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Duane C Button
- Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Kevin E Power
- Human Neurophysiology Lab, School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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Janmohammadi P, Raeisi T, Zarei M, Nejad MM, Karimi R, Mirali Z, Zafary R, Alizadeh S. Adipocytokines in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Med 2023; 208:107122. [PMID: 36682601 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Adipocytokines play an important role in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by mediating inflammatory responses. Previous studies have reported that OSA is related to a change in the serum levels of adipocytokines; however, the results are still controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between OSA and circulating level of adipocytokines in adults and children. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in databases of Medline/PubMed and Scopus for pertinent articles published since their inception to July 2022. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the relationship between the concentrations of adipocytokines with OSA. RESULTS In the overall analysis, contrary to IL-10, which showed a significant reduction, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-17, and IFN- gamma showed higher levels in OSA patients in comparison with control groups (p <0.05). For adults, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17, IL-18, vaspin, visfatin, and chemerin were linked to a greater serum levels in patients with OSA, while, IL-5 and IL-10 were detected significantly lower in adults with OSA in comparison with healthy adults (p <0.05). In children with OSA, the serum levels of IL-4, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IFN-gamma were significantly higher than healthy children (p <0.05). CONCLUSION The levels of inflammatory markers were found to be higher in OSA patients compared with control individuals, suggesting that adipocytokines may contribute to the pathology of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mahtab Zarei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mofidi Nejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Karimi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Zahra Mirali
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zafary
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Zahiri A, Anvar SH, Goudini R, Hicks JP, Konrad A, Behm DG. Resistance Training Induces Improvements in Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2023; 53:707-722. [PMID: 36622555 PMCID: PMC9935664 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is known that resistance training can be as effective as stretch training to increase joint range of motion, to date no comprehensive meta-analysis has investigated the effects of resistance training on range of motion with all its potential affecting variables. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of chronic resistance training on range of motion compared either to a control condition or stretch training or to a combination of resistance training and stretch training to stretch training, while assessing moderating variables. DESIGN For the main analysis, a random-effect meta-analysis was used and for the subgroup analysis a mixed-effect model was implemented. Whilst subgroup analyses included sex and participants' activity levels, meta-regression included age, frequency, and duration of resistance training. DATA SOURCES Following the systematic search in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and reference lists, 55 studies were found to be eligible. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Controlled or randomized controlled trials that separately compared the training effects of resistance training exercises with either a control group, stretching group, or combined stretch and resistance training group on range of motion in healthy participants. RESULTS Resistance training increased range of motion (effect size [ES] = 0.73; p < 0.001) with the exception of no significant range of motion improvement with resistance training using only body mass. There were no significant differences between resistance training versus stretch training (ES = 0.08; p = 0.79) or between resistance training and stretch training versus stretch training alone (ES = - 0.001; p = 0.99). Although "trained or active people" increased range of motion (ES = 0.43; p < 0.001) "untrained and sedentary" individuals had significantly (p = 0.005) higher magnitude range of motion changes (ES = 1.042; p < 0.001). There were no detected differences between sex and contraction type. Meta-regression showed no effect of age, training duration, or frequency. CONCLUSIONS As resistance training with external loads can improve range of motion, stretching prior to or after resistance training may not be necessary to enhance flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- Department of Sport Injuries, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Reza Goudini
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Jared P Hicks
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Andreas Konrad
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.,Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Graz University, Graz, Austria.,Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David George Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
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Abolghaseminejad P, Borhaninejad V, Khanjani N, Saber M, Alizadeh S. Relationship between self-esteem and subjective vitality among older people in Iran. Adv Gerontol 2023; 36:57-62. [PMID: 37192355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Today, aging of the population is considered one of the most fundamental challenges worldwide. One of the important factors in active aging is paying attention to psychological variables and related factors. This study was conducted aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem and subjective vitality of the older people in Iran, Sirjan in 2020. In this descriptive-analytical study, 200 older people aged 60 years and older were selected from comprehensive health centers in Sirjan by a two-stage random sampling method. The data were collected using the validated Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and validated Subjective Vitality Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Post Hoc tests, and Spearman correlation coefficient. The mean age of the older people was 65,66±3,9 years. The the mean and standard deviation of self-esteem score was 36,34±4,62 and 21,80±2,85 for subjective vitality score. There was a positive and significant correlation between self-esteem and subjective vitality R=0,58 (p˂0,001 ). Also, gender, marital status and employment status were associated with subjective vitality (p˂0,05). Therefore, planners and policymakers should consider self-esteem and subjective vitality in designing and prioritizing interventions related to improving the health of the older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abolghaseminejad
- School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway 7616913555 Kerman, Iran
| | - V Borhaninejad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway 7616913555 Kerman, Iran
| | - N Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway 7616913555 Kerman, Iran
| | - M Saber
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway 7616913555 Kerman, Iran, e-mail:
| | - S Alizadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway 7616913555 Kerman, Iran, e-mail:
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20
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Mokhtari H, Eskandarinezhad M, Barhaghi M, Asnaashari S, Sefidan F, Abedi A, Alizadeh S. Comparative antibacterial effects of ginger and marjoram extract versus conventional irrigants on mature Enterococcus faecalis biofilms: An in vitro study. J Clin Exp Dent 2023; 15:e304-e310. [PMID: 37152491 PMCID: PMC10155938 DOI: 10.4317/jced.60081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated antibacterial effects of Ginger and Marjoram extract compared with Routine Intracanal Irrigants on Mature Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms. Material and Methods Sixty-six extracted human teeth, were randomly assigned to four groups 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), chloroform extract of marjoram (Origanum majorana), and oil extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale), and two positive and negative control groups (n=11). Samples were contaminated with E. faecalis, except the negative control group. Then the root canals were irrigated with solutions above, after which dental debris was collected from each tooth separately, followed by culturing on plates containing BHI agar. The bacterial counts were finally determined with a colony counting machine. Results No bacterial growth was detected in the NaOCl, CHX, and negative control groups. However, some bacterial growth was observed in the ginger and marjoram groups. All four solutions successfully eliminated E. faecalis biofilms compared to the positive control group. Significant difference in the median bacterial growth between the ginger and marjoram groups and the positive control group (P<0.001) has been shown. There was no significant difference in median bacterial growth between the ginger and marjoram groups (P=0.94). Conclusions Chloroform extract of marjoram and oil extract of ginger were effective in eliminating 6-week-old biofilms of E. faecalis in vitro; however, their effect was not as favorable as CHX and NaOCl. These herbal extracts yielded promising results in the present study; therefore, they can be used as intracanal irrigants instead of chemical agents. Key words:Biofilm, Chlorhexidine, E. faecalis, Ginger, Marjoram, Sodium hypochlorite.
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21
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Savoury RB, Kibele A, Power KE, Herat N, Alizadeh S, Behm DG. Reduced isometric knee extensor force following anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the ipsilateral motor cortex. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280129. [PMID: 36608054 PMCID: PMC9821721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to determine if 10-min of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) to the motor cortex (M1) is capable of modulating quadriceps isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force or fatigue endurance contralateral or ipsilateral to the stimulation site. METHODS In a randomized, cross-over design, 16 (8 females) individuals underwent two sessions of a-tDCS and two sham tDCS (s-tDCS) sessions targeting the left M1 (all participants were right limb dominant), with testing of either the left (ipsilateral) or right (contralateral) quadriceps. Knee extensor (KE) MVC force was recorded prior to and following the a-tDCS and s-tDCS protocols. Additionally, a repetitive MVC fatiguing protocol (12 MVCs with work-rest ratio of 5:10-s) was completed following each tDCS protocol. RESULTS There was a significant interaction effect for stimulation condition x leg tested x time [F(1,60) = 7.156, p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.11], which revealed a significant absolute KE MVC force reduction in the contralateral leg following s-tDCS (p < 0.001, d = 1.2) and in the ipsilateral leg following a-tDCS (p < 0.001, d = 1.09). A significant interaction effect for condition x leg tested [F(1,56) = 8.12, p = 0.006, ηp2 = 0.13], showed a significantly lower ipsilateral quadriceps (to tDCS) relative MVC force with a-tDCS, versus s-tDCS [t(15) = -3.07, p = 0.016, d = -0.77]. There was no significant difference between the relative contralateral quadriceps (to tDCS) MVC force for a-tDCS and s-tDCS. Although there was an overall significant [F(1,56) = 8.36, p < 0.001] 12.1% force decrease between the first and twelfth MVC repetitions, there were no significant main or interaction effects for fatigue index force. CONCLUSION a-tDCS may be ineffective at increasing maximal force or endurance and instead may be detrimental to quadriceps force production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B. Savoury
- School of Human Kinetic and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Armin Kibele
- Institute for Sport and Sport Science, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - Kevin E. Power
- School of Human Kinetic and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Nehara Herat
- School of Human Kinetic and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetic and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetic and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Karbalaeimahdi M, Alizadeh MH, Minoonejad H, Behm DG, Alizadeh S. Higher Leg and Trunk Muscle Activation during Balance Control in Copers versus People with Chronic Ankle Instability and Healthy Female Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10080111. [PMID: 35893658 PMCID: PMC9329967 DOI: 10.3390/sports10080111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Highlights Abstract More than 70% of people with ankle sprain experience chronic ankle instability. However, some people are well adapted to this damage (copers) and do not suffer from chronic ankle instability (CAI). This cross-sectional study involved 34 female athletes, who were classified into three groups (athletes with CAI, copers, and healthy athletes) and tested on a Biodex Balance System. Surface electromyography (EMG) and balance scores were monitored. The coper and healthy group exhibited higher medial gastrocnemius (MG) EMG activity during unstable balance conditions. The rectus abdominus (RA) in the coper group and rectus femoris (RF) in the healthy group showed greater EMG activity compared to CAI during unstable conditions. During stable conditions, the coper group showed greater RA EMG activity compared to CAI, as well as higher tibialis anterior (TA) EMG activity compared to the healthy group. Additionally, balance error scores were higher in the CAI group than those in the healthy group under unstable conditions. In conclusion, decreased EMG activity of the MG, RF, and RA in CAI athletes may contribute to impaired balance in these individuals. The increased EMG activity of the MG, TA, and RA in copers might result in more trunk and ankle stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Karbalaeimahdi
- Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.K.); (M.H.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Alizadeh
- Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.K.); (M.H.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Hooman Minoonejad
- Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.K.); (M.H.A.); (H.M.)
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
- Correspondence: (D.G.B.); (S.A.); Tel.: +1-709-864-3408 (D.G.B.)
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
- Correspondence: (D.G.B.); (S.A.); Tel.: +1-709-864-3408 (D.G.B.)
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23
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Alizadeh S, Djafarian K, Mofidi Nejad M, Yekaninejad MS, Javanbakht MH. The effect of β-caryophyllene on food addiction and its related behaviors: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Appetite 2022; 178:106160. [PMID: 35809704 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) is a psychological construct that may be involved in the etiology of obesity. The cannabinoid system is involved in the addictive-like food preferences by acting on the dopaminergic pathway of the brain. β-caryophyllene is a dietary cannabinoid that is a cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor agonist. This study explored the impacts of β-caryophyllene supplementation on eating behavior, appetite, mental health, anthropometric parameters, body composition, and some hormones related to appetite in women with obesity diagnosed with FA. Women with obesity and FA, diagnosed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale Score (YFAS-S) ≥3, were randomly allocated to receive a β-caryophyllene softgel (n = 26) (100 mg/daily with meal) or placebo (n = 26) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, eating behavior, biochemical markers, dietary intake, appetite, stress, anxiety, and depression were evaluated during the study period. β-caryophyllene administration significantly reduced YFAS-S compared to the placebo group (changes in FA score: 1.5 ± 0.9 vs. - 0.7 ± 1.4; corrected P = 0.05). Serum levels of orexin-A significantly decreased in the β-caryophyllene group (p = 0.02); however, no significant difference was observed compared to the placebo group (corrected P = 0.09). β-caryophyllene supplementation had no significant effect on body composition, anthropometric indices, appetite, eating behavior, dietary intake, physical activity level, mental health, and levels of oxytocin and neuropeptide Y (NPY), compared to the placebo. β-caryophyllene supplementation may have beneficial effects on improving YFAS-S in women with obesity diagnosed with FA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials identifier: IRCT20200914048712N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mofidi Nejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hadjizadeh Anvar S, Kordi MR, Alizadeh S, Ramsay E, Shabkhiz F, Behm DG. Lack of Evidence for Crossover Fatigue with Plantar Flexor Muscles. J Sports Sci Med 2022; 21:214-223. [PMID: 35719232 PMCID: PMC9157513 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2022.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and mechanisms underlying non-local or crossover muscle fatigue is an ongoing issue. This study aimed to investigate crossover fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles. Sixteen recreationally active males (n = 6) and females (n = 10) visited the laboratory for four sessions and performed a single 5-s pre-test maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with each plantar flexors muscle. Thereafter, the fatigue intervention involved two 100-s MVICs (60-s recovery) with their dominant plantar flexors or rested for 260-s (control). Subsequently, in two separate sessions, Hoffman reflexes (H-reflex) were evoked in the non-dominant, non-exercised, leg before and following the dominant leg fatigue or control intervention (Fatigue-Reflex and Control-Reflex conditions). MVIC forces and volitional (V)-waves were monitored in the non-dominant leg in the other two sessions (Fatigue-MVIC and Control-MVIC) before and after the intervention (fatigue or control) as well as during 12 repeated MVICs and immediately thereafter. Despite the force reduction in the dominant leg (42.4%, p = 0.002), no crossover force deficit with single (F(1,9) = 0.02, p = 0.88, pƞ2 = 0.003) or repeated (F(1,9) = 0.006, p = 0.93, pƞ2 = 0.001) MVIC testing were observed. The H-reflex did not change after the fatigue (F(1,7) = 0.51; p = 0.49; pƞ2 = 0.06) or repeated MVICs (F(1,8) = 0.27; p = 0.61; pƞ2 = 0.03). There were also no crossover effects of fatigue on the V-wave with single (F(1,8) = 3.71, p = 0.09, pƞ2 = 0.31) or repeated MVICs (F(1,6) = 1.45, p = 0.27, pƞ2 = 0.19). Crossover fatigue was not evident with the plantar flexors nor any significant changes in H-reflex and V-waves in the soleus muscle. This finding suggests that crossover fatigue may not necessarily occur in slow-twitch predominant muscle groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada
- Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Kordi
- Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada
| | - Emma Ramsay
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada
| | - Fatemeh Shabkhiz
- Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada
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Alizadeh S, Pooyan S, Mirzababaei A, Arghavani H, Hasani H, Mirzaei K. Interaction of MC4R rs17782313 variants and dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality on basal metabolic rate and general and central obesity in overweight/obese women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:121. [PMID: 35538513 PMCID: PMC9092846 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality as well as genetic variants may contribute to determining the metabolic rate and general and central obesity. This study aimed to examine interactions between melanocortin 4 receptor gene (MC4R) rs17782313 and dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) on body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and BMR/kg in overweight/obese women. METHODS A total of 282 Iranian women (BMI ≥ 25) aged 18-56 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All participants were assessed for blood parameters, body composition, BMR, and dietary intake. Dietary carbohydrate intake, GI, and GL were determined using a valid, reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire. MC4R rs17782313 was genotyped by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. RESULTS After adjustment for age and energy intake, significant interactions were observed between carbohydrate intake and MC4R rs17782313 in terms of BMI (P Interaction = 0.007), WC (P Interaction = 0.02), and BMR/kg (P Interaction = 0.003) in this way that higher carbohydrate intake, compared with lower intake, was associated with an increase in BMI and WC for individuals with C allele carriers (TC + CC genotypes), while related to an increase in BMR/kg for those carrying the TT genotype. No significant interaction was found between MC4R rs17782313 and GI and GL on BMI, WC, BMR/kg, and BMR. CONCLUSIONS Interactions between the MC4R rs17782313 and carbohydrate intake probably can have an effect on BMI, WC, and BMR/kg in overweight/obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Pooyan
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hana Arghavani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Hasani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Darand M, Alizadeh S, Mansourian M. The effect of Brassica vegetables on blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1914-1929. [PMID: 35412701 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on the effect of Brassica vegetables on blood glucose and lipid profile have reported inconclusive findings. Due to the high prevalence of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and their importance as predictors of chronic diseases, the present meta-analysis was performed to clarify the effect of Brassica vegetables on blood glucose and lipid profile. A systematic search of the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochran Library was performed up to October 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of Brassica vegetables on blood glucose and lipid profile were included in the study. The search results were limited to English-language publications. Finally, nine RCTs, including 548 participants, were selected for the present study. Pooled analysis indicated a significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = -0.28, 95%CI: 0.48 to 0.08; p = 0.005) following Brassica vegetables consumption. Overall, Brassica vegetables had no significant impact on serum levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin. Consumption of Brassica vegetables had a statistically significant effect on TC concentration. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Darand
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Raeisi T, Mozaffari H, Sepehri N, Darand M, Razi B, Garousi N, Alizadeh M, Alizadeh S. The negative impact of obesity on the occurrence and prognosis of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:893-911. [PMID: 34247342 PMCID: PMC8272688 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is an emerging pandemic, with a disease course varying from asymptomatic infection to critical disease resulting to death. Recognition of prognostic factors is essential because of its growing prevalence and high clinical costs. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the global prevalence of obesity in COVID-19 patients and to investigate whether obesity is a risk factor for the COVID-19, COVID-19 severity, and its poor clinical outcomes including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality. METHODS The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020203386). A systematic search of Scopus, Medline, and Web of Sciences was conducted from 31 December 2019 to 1 June 2020 to find pertinent studies. After selection, 54 studies from 10 different countries were included in the quantitative analyses. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the associations. RESULTS The prevalence of obesity was 33% (95% CI 30.0%-35.0%) among patients with COVID-19. Obesity was significantly associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.58-3.70; moderate certainty) and COVID-19 severity (OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.48-1.76; low certainty). Furthermore, obesity was a significant risk factor for hospitalization (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.47-2.09; very low certainty), mechanical ventilation (OR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.70-2.94; low certainty), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.38-2.22; low certainty), and death (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.06-1.41; low certainty) in COVID-19 patients. In the subgroup analyses, these associations were supported by the majority of subgroups. CONCLUSION Obesity is associated with COVID-19, need for hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, and death due to COVID-19. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Mina Darand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Garousi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Zahiri A, Alizadeh S, Daneshjoo A, Pike N, Konrad A, Behm DG. Core Muscle Activation With Foam Rolling and Static Planks. Front Physiol 2022; 13:852094. [PMID: 35370773 PMCID: PMC8964357 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.852094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the activation of the core (trunk) musculature during quadriceps and hamstrings foam rolling (FR) vs. prone and supine/reverse static planks to determine if FR is a viable means of training the core musculature. Using a randomized allocation, nine recreationally trained, young adults (18-26 years) performed two sets each of quadriceps and hamstrings FR as well as supine/reverse and prone static planks for 30-s each with 1-min rest between sets and 5-min rest between exercises. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the lower abdominals (LA), external obliques (EO), lumbosacral erector spinae (LSES), upper lumbar erector spinae (ULES) muscle groups were normalized to a maximum voluntary contraction and analyzed. Quadriceps FR exhibited a very large magnitude greater LA activity compared to reverse plank (p = 0.033, d = 4.42) and hamstrings FR (p = 0.020, d = 3.49), respectively. The prone plank demonstrated very large magnitude higher EO EMG activity compared to reverse plank (p = 0.001, d = 9.17), hamstrings FR (p = 0.002, d = 8.14), and quadriceps FR (p = 0.011, d = 5.97). Reverse plank (p = 0.003, d = 12.06), and quadriceps FR (p = 0.002, d = 7.84) induced greater ULES activity compared to the prone plank and hamstrings FR, respectively. Reverse plank also exhibited very large magnitude higher LSES activity compared to the prone plank (p < 0.001, d = 7.68), hamstrings FR (p = 0.002, d = 4.11), and quadriceps FR (p = 0.005, d = 2.34), respectively. In conclusion, whereas reverse plank was the most effective activator of dorsal core muscles, quadriceps FR may also be a time efficient alternative exercise to activate back (ventral core) muscles. The prone plank is effective for ventral core muscles activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zahiri
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Daneshjoo
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada,Department of Sport Injuries, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nick Pike
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada,*Correspondence: David G. Behm,
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Maddahi N, Setayesh L, Mehranfar S, Alizadeh S, Yekaninejad MS, Mirzaei K. Association of serum levels of vitamin D and vitamin D binding protein with mental health of overweight/obese women: A cross sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:260-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Goodarzi G, Mozaffari H, Raeisi T, Mehravar F, Razi B, Ghazi ML, Garousi N, Alizadeh S, Janmohammadi P. Metabolic phenotypes and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:89. [PMID: 35062912 PMCID: PMC8781040 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of obesity with colorectal cancer (CRC) may vary depending on metabolic status. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the combined impacts of obesity and metabolic status on CRC risk. METHODS The Scopus, PubMed, and web of sciences databases were systematically searched up to Jun 2021 to find all eligible publications examining CRC risk in individuals with metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUHNW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) phenotypes. RESULTS A total of 7 cohort studies with a total of 759,066 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with healthy normal-weight people, MUHNW, MHO, and MUHO individuals indicated an increased risk for CRC with a pooled odds ratio of 1.19 (95% CI = 1.09-1.31) in MUHNW, 1.14 (95% CI = 1.06-1.22) in MHO, and 1.24 (95% CI = 1.19-1.29) in MUHO subjects. When analyses were stratified based on gender, associations remained significant for males. However, the elevated risk of CRC associated with MHO and MUHO was not significant in female participants. CONCLUSIONS The individuals with metabolic abnormality, although at a normal weight, have an increased risk for CRC. Moreover, obesity is associated with CRC irrespective of metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoosh Goodarzi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehravar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Lafzi Ghazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Garousi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
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Ghorbani Nejad B, Raeisi T, Janmohammadi P, Mehravar F, Zarei M, Dehghani A, Bahrampour N, Darijani MH, Ahmadipour F, Mohajeri M, Alizadeh S. Mercury Exposure and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:7640227. [PMID: 36101810 PMCID: PMC9463027 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7640227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Scopus and PubMed databases were systematically searched from their inception to November 2021 to obtain pertinent studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the difference in Hg levels between people with and without T2DM. The association of the Hg exposure with T2DM was assessed using a random-effects model by pooling the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS A total of 17 studies, with 42,917 participants, aged ≥18 years, were analyzed. Overall, Hg levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients compared with non-T2DM controls (SMD = 1.07; 95%CI = 0.59 to 1.55, P ≤ 0.001), with significant heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 96.1%; P=≤0.001). No significant association was found between Hg exposure and risk of T2DM in the overall analysis and subgroup analysis based on the source of sample and study design. However, higher exposure to Hg was related to reduced risk of T2DM in men (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.57 to 0.88), but not in women. No significant evidence for publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS Although the Hg level in T2DM is significantly higher than that of nondiabetics, there was no association between Hg exposure and the overall risk of T2DM. Nevertheless, our study shows that higher exposure to Hg might reduce the risk of T2DM in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Ghorbani Nejad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehravar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Zarei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Dehghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niki Bahrampour
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Darijani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadipour
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Borhaninejad V, Alizadeh S, Fadakar MM, Saber M. Factors Affecting the Life Satisfaction of the older adult: The Role of Place attachment. Adv Gerontol 2022; 35:877-883. [PMID: 36905591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association between life satisfaction and place attachment in the older adult. A total of 200 subjects of Kerman city, Iran, responded to questionnaires on life satisfaction and place attachment. The data were analyzed using chi-square, analysis of variance, correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis by the SPSS software version 18. Approximately 51,4% of the subjects had intermediate life satisfaction. The Life satisfaction mean was significantly lower in subjects over 80 of the male gender, single marital status, with more than 3 chronic diseases and bad self-rated health. The majority of respondents had intermediate levels of place attachment (56,6%). There was a significant correlation between life satisfaction and place attachment. Independent variables accounted for 34,2% of the variance in life satisfaction. Individuals with higher attachment had higher levels of life satisfaction than those with lower place attachment. Place attachment is an appropriate strategy to increase life satisfaction in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Borhaninejad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran, Postal Code: 7616913555
| | - S Alizadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran, Postal Code: 7616913555
| | - M M Fadakar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran, Postal Code: 7616913555, e-mail:
| | - M Saber
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran, Postal Code: 7616913555, e-mail:
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Taheri A, Raeisi T, Darand M, Jafari A, Janmohammadi P, Razi B, Mofidi Nejad M, Lafzi Ghazi M, Garousi N, Alizadeh S. Effects of Pre/Probiotic Supplementation on Breast Milk Levels of TGF-b1, TGF-b2, and IgA: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trial. Breastfeed Med 2022; 17:22-32. [PMID: 34714123 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2021.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have proposed that the maternal intake of pre/probiotics may affect the immune composition of breast milk. Nevertheless, the available findings are contradictory. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the impact of maternal supplementation with pre/probiotics on the levels of total immunoglobulin A (IgA), secretory IgA (SIgA), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and TGF-2 in breast milk. Methods: PubMed and Scopus were systematically searched using a comprehensive search strategy for eligible randomized-controlled trials published up to February 2021. A random-effects model was applied to pool weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) as effect size. Cochran's Q statistic and the I2 statistic were used to measure the between-study variance. Egger's regression test was used to assess publication bias. Results: A total of 12 different studies, with a total sample size of 1722 individuals (probiotic group: 858, placebo group: 864), were included in this meta-analysis. In the overall analysis, compared with placebo, maternal supplementation with pre/probiotics had no significant effect on concentrations of total IgA, SIgA, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2 in the breast milk. In the subgroup analysis, pre/probiotics did not affect total IgA, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2 in both colostrum/transitional and mature milk. However, a significant increase in SIgA was found in colostrum/transitional milk following pre/probiotic administration (WMD = 19.33, 95% CI: 0.83-37.83; p = 0.04), without evidence for remarkable heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0, p = 0.57). Conclusions: Maternal supplementation with pre/probiotics may increase SIgA in colostrum/transitional milk, without any effect on total IgA, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Taheri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mina Darand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition and School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mofidi Nejad
- Department of Community Nutrition and School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Lafzi Ghazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Garousi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Motamedi A, Askari M, Mozaffari H, Homayounfrar R, Nikparast A, Ghazi ML, Nejad MM, Alizadeh S. Dietary Inflammatory Index in relation to Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:9953115. [PMID: 35685508 PMCID: PMC9159166 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9953115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epidemiologic studies show a strong association between chronic inflammation and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Diet may also affect the risk of T2D by modulating inflammation. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the relation of dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of T2D. METHODS PubMed and Scopus were systematically searched from their inception to September 2020 to identify relevant studies. Relative risks, hazard ratios, or odds ratios (OR), with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS A total of 48 different studies, with a total sample size of 1,687,424 participants, were eligible to be included in this meta-analysis. In the overall analysis, no significant association was observed between DII and risk of T2D (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.15), with significant evidence for heterogeneity (I 2 = 96.5%, P < 0.001); however, higher DII was identified as being significantly related to increased risk of T2D in high quality studies (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.17). In the stratified analysis by the dietary assessment tool, background disease, and sex of participants, DII showed no significant association with T2D. CONCLUSIONS Higher DII might be associated with an increased risk of T2D. Additional well-designed studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Motamedi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Reza Homayounfrar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nikparast
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Lafzi Ghazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mofidi Nejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Alizadeh S, Sarvestan J, Svoboda Z, Alaei F, Linduška P, Ataabadi PA. Hamstring and ACL injuries impacts on hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio of the elite soccer players: A retrospective study. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 53:97-104. [PMID: 34894617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the angle-specific (AS) and non-angle-specific (NAS) hamstring to quadriceps conventional and functional ratios between healthy, hamstring- and ACL-injured elite soccer players. One hundred and eleven players (27.42 ± 8.01 years, 182.11 ± 6.79 cm, 75.93 ± 7.25 kg) completed a series of concentric knee flexor and extensor strength in addition to eccentric knee flexor strength was measured at an angular velocity of 60°.s-1. Normalized and raw peak torque values, and the torque-angle profiles were extracted for analysis. Conventional and functional NAS (peak values) and AS (waveform ratios) hamstring to quadriceps ratios were calculated and compared between the groups. Healthy players produced greater functional and conventional ratios compared to players with either ACL or hamstring injury. Players with hamstring injury produced a lower AS functional ratios between 46° and 54° of knee flexion. Players suffering from ACL injury depicted a lower value for the AS functional ratio between 33° and 56° of knee flexion. Although NAS can identify soccer players with previous hamstring or ACL injury, the range where there is a strength deficiency is eluded. With the use of AS the range where the deficiency is present can be identified, and clinicians can benefit from this analysis to design robust rehabilitation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Javad Sarvestan
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Svoboda
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Fatemeh Alaei
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Linduška
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peyman Aghaie Ataabadi
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Rashidi K, Darand M, Garousi N, Dehghani A, Alizadeh S. Effect of infant formula supplemented with prebiotics and probiotics on incidence of respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Complement Ther Med 2021; 63:102795. [PMID: 34861367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous investigations have proposed that the consumption of infant formula supplemented with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics (PRO-formula) may have protective impacts on respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Nevertheless, the findings of studies are contradictory. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the influence of PRO-formula on RTIs in infants by pooling randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS To obtain eligible RCTs, Scopus and PubMed databases were systematically searched from their inception to November 2020. A random-effects model was applied to pool the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for RTIs following consumption of PRO-formula. RESULTS A total of 15 RCTs, with a total sample size of 3805 participants (1957 for intervention and 1848 for placebo), were included in the present meta-analysis. In the overall analysis, in comparison to placebo, consumption of PRO-formula had a significant protective impact against RTIs (RR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.82-0.97) in infants, with a remarkable evidence of heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 61.4%, P < 0.001). In the meta-regression analysis, the effect of PRO-formula on RTIs was not modified by the follow-up duration. No evidence for publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS Administration of PRO-formula may be a potential approach for the prevention of respiratory tract infections in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Rashidi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mina Darand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nazila Garousi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Azadeh Dehghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Asgari M, Alizadeh S, Sendt A, Jaitner T. Evaluation of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in Identifying Active Females Who are Prone to Injury. A Systematic Review. Sports Med - Open 2021; 7:85. [PMID: 34807359 PMCID: PMC8608942 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The validity of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in identifying active females who are predisposed to injury has not been specifically reviewed. This study aims to synthesize the literature on the ability of the FMS to identify at-risk active females. Methods Six online databases, including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, SPORTDiscus and Google Scholar, were searched for the period of April 2006 to September 2021. Out of the 61 potential references, 17 were reviewed in detail with respect to the inclusion criteria; ten were ultimately included. The risk of bias, applicability and level of the studies were then identified using the QUADAS-2 and a checklist for assessing methodological quality. The following data were obtained from the included studies: year of publication, title, study type, participants’ demographic, sample size, FMS cutoff point, injury definition, statistical analyses used, FMS results and study level. Results Generally, the quality of eight studies was poor to moderate due to both small sample sizes and short follow-up periods. Except for a study on military members, all studies were carried out on team sports players. The overall bias of the studies was low, but there was an unclear amount of bias for participant selection. Two studies reported no predictive validity for the FMS, while three defended its predictive validity; the rest partially supported the FMS as a valid diagnostic tool. The reliability of the recommended cutoff point was confirmed, though cutoffs higher than 14 were significantly associated with the predictive ability of the FMS. Conclusion Although the FMS is reliable for clinical practice, and the current literature shows promise regarding the predictive ability of the FMS among active females, concerns remain regarding its validity in identifying at-risk females. Given the lack of clarity in the literature on the use of the FMS in females, further well-organized studies with larger sample sizes and longer monitoring periods are highly recommended. The sensitivity and specificity of the recommended cutoff of ≤ 14 has considerably decreased , and higher cutoff values should be applied to increase the FMS predictive ability. Level of evidence The level of evidence was determined to be 2b.
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Sepehri NZ, Raeisi T, Razi B, Janmohammadi P, Darand M, Alizadeh S. The association between psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis with the risk of osteoporosis, osteopenia and bone fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14630. [PMID: 34260133 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The possible association between psoriatic/psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and bone loss has been observed; however, studies have yielded inconclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess whether there is an increase in the risk of osteoporosis, osteopenia and fractures in patients with psoriasis/PsA, compared with healthy individuals. METHODS PubMed and Scopus were systematically searched from their inception to September 2020 to identify relevant studies. Relative risk, hazard ratio or odds ratio (OR), with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated and pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS A total of 12 different studies, with a total of 199 389 296 participants, were included. Overall, no significant relationship was observed between psoriasis/PsA and the risk of osteoporosis (psoriasis: OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 0.86-1.90; PsA: OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 0.79-2.19) and osteopenia (psoriasis: OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 0.75-3.02; PsA: OR = 1.61, 95%CI = 0.67-3.85). However, in the subgroup analysis, psoriasis was significantly associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in men (OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.02-1.59) and studies with cohort design (OR = 1.04, 95%CI = 1.003-1.09). Psoriasis was also related to the risk of osteopenia in studies on a combination of both genders (OR = 2.86, 95%CI = 2.70-3.02). The pooled analysis demonstrated a significantly higher risk of fractures among patients with psoriasis (OR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.02-1.63) and PsA (OR = 2.88, 95%CI = 1.51-5.48), compared with participants without psoriasis/PsA. CONCLUSIONS Patients with psoriasis/PsA have an increased risk of fractures. There is little evidence supporting the relation of psoriasis to osteoporosis/osteopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Darand
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Askari M, Dehghani A, Abshirini M, Raeisi T, Alizadeh S. Glycemic index, but not glycemic load, is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome: Meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14295. [PMID: 33928722 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets with high glycemic index (GI) or high glycemic load (GL) have been linked to important risk factors associated with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), such as dyslipidemia, higher blood glucose, and insulin concentrations. However, the role of GI and GL in relation to Mets is still understudied and controversial. This review, therefore, assessed whether high GI or GL contribute to development of Mets. METHODS A systematic search of four bibliographic databases was conducted (MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Sciences, and Scopus) from inception to January 2020 for observational studies assessing GI/GL in relation to MetS. Risk estimates were pooled using random-effect models for the highest versus lowest intake categories, and assessed for heterogeneity using subgroup analysis. The dose-response nature of the relationship was also investigated. Sensitivity analysis and Egger test were used to check the robustness of findings and the possibility of publication bias, respectively. RESULTS Data from 12 publications (one cohort study and eleven cross-sectional studies) with a total sample size of 36,295 subjects are included. The pooled effect sizes from the nine studies indicated high versus low dietary GI was associated with increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.09) (I2 = 58.1, P = .004). This finding was supported by all subgroup analyses except where studies used 24-h recalls for dietary assessment. Additionally, a linear dose-response investigation revealed that each 5-point increment in GI was associated with 2% increase in the risk of MetS (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.02); non-linear pattern was insignificant, however (p-nonlinearity = 0.63). Moreover, pooled effect sizes from ten studies suggested that no association was found between the GL and MetS with results remaining consistent in all subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION A diet with lower GI may protect against MetS. Nutrition policy and clinical practices should encourage a diet with low GI. Future studies should include both GI and GL and different criteria of MetS to provide a better comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Dehghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Abshirini
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gorabi AM, Abbasifard M, Imani D, Aslani S, Razi B, Alizadeh S, Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Effect of curcumin on C-reactive protein as a biomarker of systemic inflammation: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2021; 36:85-97. [PMID: 34586711 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that curcumin is a potential agent for lowering the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), as markers of inflammation. In the current meta-analysis, we attempted to clarify the efficacy of curcumin supplementation in lowering the concentrations of CRP and hs-CRP in patients with autoinflammatory conditions. Nine studies were found evaluating the effect of curcumin on CRP levels, while 23 studies were identified for hs-CRP. CRP concentration was decreased significantly compared to the placebo (WMD = -3.67 mg/L, 95% CI = -6.96 to -0.38, p = 0.02). There was a significant effect of curcumin at dose ≤1,000 mg/day on the CRP concentration. CRP concentration significantly decreased after >10-week intervention compared with placebo.hs-CRP concentration in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of placebo group. A significant effect of curcumin consumption was detected on the serum level of hs-CRP in studies with prescribing ≤1,000 mg/day, and those with ≤10-week duration of intervention. Curcumin consumption resulted in a reduction of hs-CRP in a non-linear fashion with stronger effects with less than 2000 mg curcumin per day. Curcumin seems to be beneficial in decreasing the hs-CRP and CRP levels in proinflammatory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Danyal Imani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology and Blood transfusion, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Janmohammadi P, Nourmohammadi Z, Fazelian S, Mirzababaei A, Alizadeh S, Zarei M, Daneshzad E, Djafarian K. Does infant formula containing synbiotics support adequate growth in infants? A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:707-718. [PMID: 34278844 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1952548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have shown that formulas that contain synbiotics, i.e. composed prebiotics and probiotics have been proposed to have a beneficial effect on anthropometric indices. However, the results are inconsistent thus this meta-analysis was performed to assess this effect. PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Embase were systematically searched up to May-2020. Weight gain, length gain, head circumstance gain, weight-for-age z scores, and length-for-age z scores were considered as the outcomes. Weighted mean differences (WMD) with the 95% CI were applied for estimating the combined effect size. Subgroup analysis was performed to specify the source of heterogeneity among studies. Consumption of formulas containing synbiotics did not affect growth significantly in healthy infants (weight gain (WMD = 2.06, 95% CI: - 4.08 to 8.21; p = 0.51), length gain (WMD = - 0.05, 95% CI: - 0.70 to 0.60; p = 0.88), head circumstance (WMD = - 0.28, 95% CI: - 0.66 to 0.11; p = 0.15), on weight-for-age z-scores (WMD = - 0.05, 95% CI: - 0.23 to 0.13; p = 0.57) and length-for-age z-scores (WMD = - 0.16, 95% CI: - 0.50 to 0.19; p = 0.37)). The main results indicate a non-significant increase in infant's growth following synbiotics supplementation of infant formula. Further large-scale studies are warranted to confirm present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nourmohammadi
- Department of Cellular and molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Zarei
- Department of Cellular and molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Alizadeh S, Abdollahy M, Darban AK, Mohseni M. Nitrate ions effects on solvent extraction of rare earth elements from aqueous solutions by D2EHPA: Experimental studies and molecular simulations. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rashidi K, Razi B, Darand M, Dehghani A, Janmohammadi P, Alizadeh S. Effect of probiotic fermented dairy products on incidence of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr J 2021; 20:61. [PMID: 34183001 PMCID: PMC8240278 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the consumption of probiotic fermented dairy products (PFDP) may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, the results of studies are inconclusive. We aimed to systematically investigate the effect of PFDP on RTIs by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched up to October 2020 to identify eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis outcomes were risk of incidence of upper (URTIs ) and lower (LRTIs ) respiratory tract infections. A random-effects model was used to pool the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for outcomes following conception of PFDP. RESULTS A total of 22 RCTs, with a total sample size of 10,190 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, consumption of PFDP had a significant protective effect against RTIs in the overall analysis (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.74 to 0.89) and in children (RR = 0.82, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), adults (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.66 to 1.00), and elderly population (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.98). The significant decreased risk of RTIs was also observed for URTIs (RR = 0.83, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), while, this effect was marginal for LRTIs (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.60 to 1.01, P = 0.06). The disease-specific analysis showed that PFDP have a protective effect on pneumonia (RR = 0.76, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.95) and common cold (RR = 0.68, 95 %CI: 0.49 to 0.96). CONCLUSIONS Consumption of PFDP is a potential dietary approach for the prevention of RTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Rashidi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Darand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Dehghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Ahmadi H, Herat N, Alizadeh S, Button DC, Granacher U, Behm DG. Effect of an inverted seated position with upper arm blood flow restriction on measures of elbow flexors neuromuscular performance. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245311. [PMID: 34010275 PMCID: PMC8133415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of the investigation was to determine the concomitant effects of upper arm blood flow restriction (BFR) and inversion on elbow flexors neuromuscular responses. Methods Randomly allocated, 13 volunteers performed four conditions in a within-subject design: rest (control, 1-min upright position without BFR), control (1-min upright with BFR), 1-min inverted (without BFR), and 1-min inverted with BFR. Evoked and voluntary contractile properties, before, during and after a 30-s maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) exercise intervention were examined as well as pain scale. Results Inversion induced significant pre-exercise intervention decreases in elbow flexors MVC (21.1%, ηp2 = 0.48, p = 0.02) and resting evoked twitch forces (29.4%, ηp2 = 0.34, p = 0.03). The 30-s MVC induced significantly greater pre- to post-test decreases in potentiated twitch force ( ηp2 = 0.61, p = 0.0009) during inversion (↓75%) than upright (↓65.3%) conditions. Overall, BFR decreased MVC force 4.8% ( ηp2 = 0.37, p = 0.05). For upright position, BFR induced 21.0% reductions in M-wave amplitude ( ηp2 = 0.44, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences for electromyographic activity or voluntary activation as measured with the interpolated twitch technique. For all conditions, there was a significant increase in pain scale between the 40–60 s intervals and post-30-s MVC (upright<inversion, and without BFR<BFR). Conclusion The concomitant application of inversion with elbow flexors BFR only amplified neuromuscular performance impairments to a small degree. Individuals who execute forceful contractions when inverted or with BFR should be cognizant that force output may be impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ahmadi
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Nehara Herat
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Duane C. Button
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Emami MR, Safabakhsh M, Khorshidi M, Moradi Moghaddam O, Mohammed SH, Zarezadeh M, Alizadeh S. Effect of bariatric surgery on endogenous sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1621-1636. [PMID: 34187743 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies have shown beneficial effect of bariatric surgery (BS) on serum levels of sex hormones. OBJECTIVE A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the magnitude of possible changes in levels of sex hormones following BS. SETTINGS Electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, for relevant studies. METHODS The heterogeneity of the studies was examined by χ2 tests and the degree of heterogeneity was estimated using I2 statistic. RESULTS The results of pooled analyses revealed that BS caused a significant increase in luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels and conversely, decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and estradiol (E2) levels in males. For females, BS significantly increased LH, FSH, and SHBG levels and conversely, decreased androstenedione (AE), E2 and TT levels. Additionally, the level of progesterone (P), prolactin (PRL), free testosterone (FT) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) showed no significant changes in patients who had undergone BS. CONCLUSION BS changed most sex hormones levels including LH, FSH, TT, SHBG, AE, DHEA, and E2. It seems that BS is able to exert substantial impacts on sex hormones levels and as well as sexual function, however, larger, and more precise trials are required to specifically focus on these claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Emami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Safabakhsh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Khorshidi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Moradi Moghaddam
- Trauma and Injury Research Center, Critical Care Medicine Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shimels Hussien Mohammed
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences-International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Behm DG, Alizadeh S, Hadjizedah Anvar S, Hanlon C, Ramsay E, Mahmoud MMI, Whitten J, Fisher JP, Prieske O, Chaabene H, Granacher U, Steele J. Non-local Muscle Fatigue Effects on Muscle Strength, Power, and Endurance in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2021; 51:1893-1907. [PMID: 33818751 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fatigue of a muscle or muscle group can produce global responses to a variety of systems (i.e., cardiovascular, endocrine, and others). There are also reported strength and endurance impairments of non-exercised muscles following the fatigue of another muscle; however, the literature is inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To examine whether non-local muscle fatigue (NLMF) occurs following the performance of a fatiguing bout of exercise of a different muscle(s). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SEARCH AND INCLUSION A systematic literature search using a Boolean search strategy was conducted with PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar in April 2020, and was supplemented with additional 'snowballing' searches up to September 2020. To be included in our analysis, studies had to include at least one intentional performance measure (i.e., strength, endurance, or power), which if reduced could be considered evidence of muscle fatigue, and also had to include the implementation of a fatiguing protocol to a location (i.e., limb or limbs) that differed to those for which performance was measured. We excluded studies that measured only mechanistic variables such as electromyographic activity, or spinal/supraspinal excitability. After search and screening, 52 studies were eligible for inclusion including 57 groups of participants (median sample = 11) and a total of 303 participants. RESULTS The main multilevel meta-analysis model including all effects sizes (278 across 50 clusters [median = 4, range = 1 to 18 effects per cluster) revealed a trivial point estimate with high precision for the interval estimate [- 0.02 (95% CIs = - 0.14 to 0.09)], yet with substantial heterogeneity (Q(277) = 642.3, p < 0.01), I2 = 67.4%). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that NLMF effects were not moderated by study design (between vs. within-participant), homologous vs. heterologous effects, upper or lower body effects, participant training status, sex, age, the time of post-fatigue protocol measurement, or the severity of the fatigue protocol. However, there did appear to be an effect of type of outcome measure where both strength [0.11 (95% CIs = 0.01-0.21)] and power outcomes had trivial effects [- 0.01 (95% CIs = - 0.24 to 0.22)], whereas endurance outcomes showed moderate albeit imprecise effects [- 0.54 (95% CIs = - 0.95 to - 0.14)]. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the findings do not support the existence of a general NLMF effect; however, when examining specific types of performance outcomes, there may be an effect specifically upon endurance-based outcomes (i.e., time to task failure). However, there are relatively fewer studies that have examined endurance effects or mechanisms explaining this possible effect, in addition to fewer studies including women or younger and older participants, and considering causal effects of prior training history through the use of longitudinal intervention study designs. Thus, it seems pertinent that future research on NLMF effects should be redirected towards these still relatively unexplored areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizedah Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.,University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Courtney Hanlon
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Emma Ramsay
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - Joseph Whitten
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - James P Fisher
- School of Sport, Health and Social Science, Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - Olaf Prieske
- Division of Exercise and Movement, University of Applied Sciences for Sport and Management Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Division of Training and Movement Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - James Steele
- School of Sport, Health and Social Science, Solent University, Southampton, UK.,Ukactive Research Institute, London, UK
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Behm DG, Alizadeh S, Drury B, Granacher U, Moran J. Non-local acute stretching effects on strength performance in healthy young adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:1517-1529. [PMID: 33715049 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04657-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Static stretching (SS) can impair performance and increase range of motion of a non-exercised or non-stretched muscle, respectively. An underdeveloped research area is the effect of unilateral stretching on non-local force output. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to describe the effects of unilateral SS on contralateral, non-stretched, muscle force and identify gaps in the literature. METHODS A systematic literature search following preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses Protocols guidelines was performed according to prescribed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Weighted means and ranges highlighted the non-local force output response to unilateral stretching. The physiotherapy evidence database scale was used to assess study risk of bias and methodological quality. RESULTS Unilateral stretching protocols from six studies involved 6.3 ± 2 repetitions of 36.3 ± 7.4 s with 19.3 ± 5.7 s recovery between stretches. The mean stretch-induced force deficits exhibited small magnitude effect sizes for both the stretched (-6.7 ± 7.1%, d = -0.35: 0.01 to -1.8) and contralateral, non-stretched, muscles (-4.0 ± 4.9%, d = , 0.22: 0.08 to 1.1). Control measures exhibited trivial deficits. CONCLUSION The limited literature examining non-local effects of prolonged SS revealed that both the stretched and contralateral, non-stretched, limbs of young adults demonstrate small magnitude force deficits. However, the frequency of studies with these effects were similar with three measures demonstrating deficits, and four measures showing trivial changes. These results highlight the possible global (non-local) effects of prolonged SS. Further research should investigate effects of lower intensity stretching, upper versus lower body stretching, different age groups, incorporate full warm-ups, and identify predominant mechanisms among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's,, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's,, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Ben Drury
- Department of Applied Sport Sciences, Hartpury University, Gloucester, UK
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Essex, UK
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Behm DG, Alizadeh S, Anvar SH, Drury B, Granacher U, Moran J. Non-local Acute Passive Stretching Effects on Range of Motion in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2021; 51:945-959. [PMID: 33459990 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stretching a muscle not only increases the extensibility or range of motion (ROM) of the stretched muscle or joint but there is growing evidence of increased ROM of contralateral and other non-local muscles and joints. OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis was to quantify crossover or non-local changes in passive ROM following an acute bout of unilateral stretching and to examine potential dose-response relations. METHODS Eleven studies involving 14 independent measures met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis included moderating variables such as sex, trained state, stretching intensity and duration. RESULTS The analysis revealed that unilateral passive static stretching induced moderate magnitude (standard mean difference within studies: SMD: 0.86) increases in passive ROM with non-local, non-stretched joints. Moderating variables such as sex, trained state, stretching intensity, and duration did not moderate the results. Although stretching duration did not present statistically significant differences, greater than 240-s of stretching (SMD: 1.24) exhibited large magnitude increases in non-local ROM compared to moderate magnitude improvements with shorter (< 120-s: SMD: 0.72) durations of stretching. CONCLUSION Passive static stretching of one muscle group can induce moderate magnitude, global increases in ROM. Stretching durations greater than 240 s may have larger effects compared with shorter stretching durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ben Drury
- Department of Applied Sport Sciences, Hartpury University, Hartpury, UK
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Essex, UK.
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Eshghi S, Zarei M, Abbasi H, Alizadeh S. The Effect of Shoulder Injury Prevention Program on Shoulder Isokinetic Strength in Young Male Volleyball Players. Res Sports Med 2020; 30:203-214. [PMID: 33327786 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1860050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an eight-week 11 + S programme on isokinetic shoulder strength in young male volleyball players. Twenty-eight top-level young male volleyball players were recruited for this study. The players were randomly assigned into intervention (14 players) and control (14 players) groups. The intervention group performed the 11 + S as a warm-up before training at least three times a week for eight weeks. Dominant shoulder strength was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s and 180°/s. The functional deceleration ratio (FDR) was calculated as a functional strength profile. 20% FDR improvement after eight weeks of 11 + S at 180°/s (p = 0.003) were observed. No other statistically significant effects for shoulder strength improvement was observed (p > 0.05). Eight weeks of 11 + S warm-up programme improved the glenohumeral muscle imbalance by increasing the functional deceleration ratio (FDR) of shoulder muscles in young male volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Eshghi
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Zarei
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Abbasi
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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50
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Abstract
Behm, DG, Alizadeh, S, Hadjizadeh Anvar, S, Mahmoud, MMI, Ramsay, E, Hanlon, C, and Cheatham, S. Foam rolling prescription: a clinical commentary. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3301-3308, 2020-Although the foam rolling and roller massage literature generally reports acute increases in range of motion (ROM) with either trivial or small performance improvements, there is little information regarding appropriate rolling prescription. The objective of this literature review was to appraise the evidence and provide the best prescriptive recommendations for rolling to improve ROM and performance. The recommendations represent studies with the greatest magnitude effect size increases in ROM and performance. A systematic search of the rolling-related literature found in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted using related terms such as foam rolling, roller massage, ROM, flexibility, performance, and others. From the measures within articles that monitored ROM (25), strength (41), jump (41), fatigue (67), and sprint (62) variables; regression correlations and predictive quadratic equations were formulated for number of rolling sets, repetition frequency, set duration, and rolling intensity. The analysis revealed the following conclusions. To achieve the greatest ROM, the regression equations predicted rolling prescriptions involving 1-3 sets of 2-4-second repetition duration (time for a single roll in one direction over the length of a body part) with a total rolling duration of 30-120-second per set. Based on the fewer performance measures, there were generally trivial to small magnitude decreases in strength and jump measures. In addition, there was insufficient evidence to generalize on the effects of rolling on fatigue and sprint measures. In summary, relatively small volumes of rolling can improve ROM with generally trivial to small effects on strength and jump performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; and
| | | | - Emma Ramsay
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Courtney Hanlon
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Scott Cheatham
- Division of Kinesiology, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, California
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