1
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O'Donnell S, Quigley E, Hayden J, Adamis D, Gavin B, McNicholas F. Psychological distress among healthcare workers post COVID-19 pandemic: from the resilience of individuals to healthcare systems. Ir J Psychol Med 2023; 40:508-512. [PMID: 35938227 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2022.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been increased interest in identifying ways of protecting the mental well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs). Much of this has been directed towards promoting and enhancing the resilience of those deemed as frontline workers. Based on a review of the extant literature, this paper seeks to problematise aspects of how 'frontline work' and 'resilience' are currently conceptualised. Firstly, frontline work is arbitrarily defined and often narrowly focused on acute, hospital-based settings, leading to the needs of HCWs in other sectors of the healthcare system being overlooked. Secondly, dominant narratives are often underpinned by a reductionist understanding of the concept of resilience, whereby solutions are built around addressing the perceived deficiencies of (frontline) HCWs rather than the structural antecedents of distress. The paper concludes by considering what interventions are appropriate to minimise the risk of burnout across all sectors of the healthcare system in a post-pandemic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Sociology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - E Quigley
- National University of Ireland, Maynooth University, Department of Law, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - J Hayden
- RCSI School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences (PBS), Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Adamis
- HSE Sligo Mental Health Services, Sligo, Ireland
| | - B Gavin
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F McNicholas
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Children Health Ireland, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
- Lucena Clinic Rathgar, Dublin 6, Ireland
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2
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Lowry J, McEvoy N, O'Connell K, Burns K, Dinesh B, O'Donnell S, Curley G, Fitzpatrick F. Antimicrobial overuse in COVID-19 - reasons to remain vigilant as we approach the winter 'twindemic'. J Hosp Infect 2023; 131:247-248. [PMID: 36283476 PMCID: PMC9595493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Lowry
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Corresponding author. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Beaumont, Dublin 9, D09V2N0 Ireland
| | - N. McEvoy
- Department of Critical Care, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Critical Care, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K. O'Connell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K. Burns
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B. Dinesh
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S. O'Donnell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G.F. Curley
- Department of Critical Care, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Critical Care, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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3
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Murphy C, Duffy F, McCormick F, O'Donnell S, Fitzpatrick F, Humphreys H. Workload for infection prevention and control teams in preventing nosocomial tuberculosis. An underestimated burden. J Hosp Infect 2022; 129:115-116. [PMID: 35961479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Murphy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - F Duffy
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F McCormick
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S O'Donnell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Fitzpatrick
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Humphreys
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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4
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Cheng C, O'Donnell S, Humphreys H. Medical education, the COVID-19 pandemic, and infection prevention: There has never been a better time. J Hosp Infect 2021; 119:187-188. [PMID: 34848295 PMCID: PMC8627300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Cheng
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S O'Donnell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Humphreys
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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Spira A, Lim S, Griesinger F, De Marinis F, Mccarthy T, Huseinovic N, O'Donnell S, Ahn J. P14.07 PERLA: Randomized Phase II Trial of Dostarlimab + Chemotherapy (CT) vs Pembrolizumab + CT in Metastatic Non-Squamous NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Stimpson CM, O'Donnell S, Huong NTM, Holmes R, Utting B, Kahlert T, Rabett RJ. Confirmed archaeological evidence of water deer in Vietnam: relics of the Pleistocene or a shifting baseline? R Soc Open Sci 2021; 8:210529. [PMID: 34234958 PMCID: PMC8242832 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies of archaeological and palaeontological bone assemblages increasingly show that the historical distributions of many mammal species are unrepresentative of their longer-term geographical ranges in the Quaternary. Consequently, the geographical and ecological scope of potential conservation efforts may be inappropriately narrow. Here, we consider a case-in-point, the water deer Hydropotes inermis, which has historical native distributions in eastern China and the Korean peninsula. We present morphological and metric criteria for the taxonomic diagnosis of mandibles and maxillary canine fragments from Hang Thung Binh 1 cave in Tràng An World Heritage Site, which confirm the prehistoric presence of water deer in Vietnam. Dated to between 13 000 and 16 000 years before the present, the specimens are further evidence of a wider Quaternary distribution for these Vulnerable cervids, are valuable additions to a sparse Pleistocene fossil record and confirm water deer as a component of the Upper Pleistocene fauna of northern Vietnam. Palaeoenvironmental proxies suggest that the Tràng An water deer occupied cooler, but not necessarily drier, conditions than today. We consider if the specimens represent extirpated Pleistocene populations or indicate a previously unrecognized, longer-standing southerly distribution with possible implications for the conservation of the species in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Stimpson
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK
| | - S. O'Donnell
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - N. T. M. Huong
- Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Archaeology, 61 Phan Chu Trinh Street, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - R. Holmes
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - B. Utting
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK
| | - T. Kahlert
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - R. J. Rabett
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
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7
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Gebrosky B, Bridge A, O'Donnell S, Grindle GG, Cooper R, Cooper RA. Comparing the performance of ultralight folding manual wheelchairs using standardized tests. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2020; 17:40-49. [PMID: 32338550 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2020.1754928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate ultralight folding manual wheelchairs (UFMWs) in order to produce comparative data on their strength, durability, stability and cost-benefit, and to determine progress of wheelchairs by comparing these results to results of past studies.Design: Engineering testing using American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America (RESNA) standards.Setting: Laboratory testing of UFMW stability, and static, impact and fatigue strength performance with three devices using ANSI/RESNA standardized tests.Participants: The three wheelchair models were the TiLite Aero X (Permobil, Lebanon, TN), Sunrise Medical Quickie 2 (Fresno, CA) and Ki Mobility Catalyst 5 (Stevens Point, WI).Interventions: ANSI/RESNA standardized tests.Main outcome measures: Mass and critical measurements, static stability, static strength, impact strength, fatigue strength and cost analysis.Results: The ultralight folding wheelchairs continued to outperform their lightweight and rigid framed counterparts. According to these data, the quality of ultralight wheelchairs has not declined over the past 10 years. The Ki Catalyst did not pass strength and durability testing, while the TiLite Aero X and Sunrise Medical Quickie 2 surpassed these tests.Conclusions: This result exemplifies the need for ongoing research to identify whether wheelchairs satisfy ANSI/RESNA testing requirements and highlights the importance of creating a resource data set. This is particularly important when numerous other wheelchairs fail to meet minimum ANSI/RESNA requirements.Implications for RehabilitationFolding frame wheelchairs offer benefits such as transportability and convenience that may benefit certain wheelchair users, assuming their durability is sufficient and they provide similar benefits vs. other wheelchair construction.Previous studies have shown that folding wheelchairs perform meet the minimum requirements of standardized testing, and it is important to see if durability has increased, decreased or remained the same over the years. Other wheelchair types have remained stagnant with respect to durability and are less likely to meet the minimum durability requirements.Durable devices will improve a wheelchair user's quality of life by reducing downtime while waiting for repairs, and also reduce the likelihood of injury due to component failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gebrosky
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ann Bridge
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shawn O'Donnell
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Human Engineering Research Laboratories, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Garrettt G Grindle
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Human Engineering Research Laboratories, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rosemarie Cooper
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Human Engineering Research Laboratories, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Center for Assistive Technology, UPMC Health System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rory A Cooper
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Human Engineering Research Laboratories, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Stimpson CM, Utting B, O'Donnell S, Huong NTM, Kahlert T, Manh BV, Khanh PS, Rabett RJ. An 11 000-year-old giant muntjac subfossil from Northern Vietnam: implications for past and present populations. R Soc Open Sci 2019; 6:181461. [PMID: 31032005 PMCID: PMC6458398 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Described at the end of the twentieth century, the large-antlered or giant muntjac, Muntiacus gigas (syn. vuquangensis), is a Critically Endangered species currently restricted to the Annamite region in Southeast Asia. Here we report subfossil evidence of giant muntjac, a mandible fragment dated between 11.1 and 11.4 thousand years before present, from northern Vietnam. We describe morphological and metric criteria for diagnosis and consider the specimen in the context of regional archaeological and palaeontological records of Muntiacus. We then consider the palaeoenvironmental context of the specimen and the implications for habitat requirements for extant populations. The new specimen extends the known spatial and temporal range of giant muntjacs in Vietnam and is further evidence that this species was more widely distributed in the Holocene than current records indicate. While regional proxy evidence indicates a drier climate and more open woodland habitats at the onset of the Holocene, contextual evidence indicates that the specimen derived from an animal inhabiting limestone karst forest. This record also supports the assertion that remnant populations are in a refugial state, as a result of anthropogenic pressures, rather than representing a centre of endemism. These facts underscore the urgent need for the conservation of remaining populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Stimpson
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - B. Utting
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK
| | - S. O'Donnell
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - N. T. M. Huong
- Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Archaeology, 61 Phan Chu Trinh Str., Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T. Kahlert
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - B. V. Manh
- Department of Tourism, No 06, Tràng An Street, Đông Thành ward, Ninh Bình city, Ninh Bình province, Vietnam
| | - P. S. Khanh
- Tràng An Landscape Complex Management Board, Ninh Bình City, Vietnam
| | - R. J. Rabett
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Elmwood Avenue, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
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9
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O'Donnell S. Fundamental causes of inequalities in diabetes management outcomes: a qualitative analysis. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin, Ireland
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- National Centre for Men's Health, I.T. Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
| | - N Richardson
- National Centre for Men's Health, I.T. Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
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11
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O'Donnell S, Gaughan L, Skally M, Baker Z, O'Connell K, Smyth E, Fitzpatrick F, Humphreys H. The potential contribution of 16S ribosomal RNA polymerase chain reaction to antimicrobial stewardship in culture-negative infection. J Hosp Infect 2017; 99:148-152. [PMID: 28838799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy frequently results in culture-negative specimens making rationalization of therapy difficult. We retrospectively reviewed 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results from 78 specimens in 60 patients. 16S rRNA was detected in 28 (47%) patients with de-escalation of therapy in five (21%). Microbial DNA was not detected in 32 (53%) patients with antimicrobials discontinued in two (8%). Neurosurgical patients had a higher proportion of positive results (53% vs 34%) and treatment rationalizations (17% vs 12%). In specific patient groups, 16s rRNA PCR is a useful antimicrobial stewardship tool for targeting antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - L Gaughan
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Skally
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Z Baker
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K O'Connell
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Smyth
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Fitzpatrick
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Humphreys
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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McCarthy H, O'Donnell S, Costello RW, Humphreys H. Hospital Resource Utilisation by Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Ir Med J 2017; 110:613. [PMID: 29168995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Little data is available on the resource utilisation of patients admitted with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in Ireland. A retrospective review of 50 randomly-selected patients admitted to Beaumont Hospital with CAP was undertaken. The mean length of stay of patients with CAP was 12 days (+/- 16 days). All patients were emergency admissions, all had a chest x-ray, a C-reactive protein blood test, and occupied a public bed at some point during admission. Common antimicrobial therapies were intravenous (IV) amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and oral clarithromycin; 60% received physiotherapy. The estimated mean cost of CAP per patient was €14,802.17. Costs arising from admission to hospital with CAP are substantial, but efforts can be undertaken to ensure that resources are used efficiently to improve patient care such as discharge planning and fewer in-hospital ward transfers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H McCarthy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin
| | - S O'Donnell
- Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin
| | - R W Costello
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin
| | - H Humphreys
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin
- Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin
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13
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McRae L, O'Donnell S, Loukine L, Rancourt N, Pelletier C. Report summary - Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Canada, 2016. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2017; 36:314-315. [PMID: 27977086 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.36.12.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Canada, 2016 is the first publication to include administrative health data from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (CCDSS) for the national surveillance of mood and anxiety disorders among Canadians aged one year and older. It features nationally complete CCDSS data up to fiscal year 2009/10, as well as trend data spanning over a decade (1996/97 to 2009/10). The data presented in this report, and subsequent updates, can be accessed via the Public Health Agency of Canada's Chronic Disease Infobase Data Cubes at www.infobase.phac-aspc.gc.ca. Data Cubes are interactive databases that allow users to quickly create tables and graphs using their Web browser. The report demonstrates the Public Health Agency of Canada's commitment to improving data collection and reporting about mental illness, as recommended within Changing Directions, Changing Lives - The Mental Health Strategy for Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- L McRae
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S O'Donnell
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Loukine
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Rancourt
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pelletier
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Loukine L, O'Donnell S, Goldner EM, McRae L, Allen H. Health status, activity limitations, work-related restrictions and level of disability among Canadians with mood and/or anxiety disorders. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2017; 36:289-301. [PMID: 27977084 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.36.12.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study provides the first overview of the perceived general and mental health, activity limitations, work-related restrictions and level of disability, as well as factors associated with disability severity, among Canadian adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders, using a population-based household sample. METHODS We used data from the 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Component. The sample consists of Canadians aged 18 years and older with self-reported mood and/or anxiety disorders from the 10 provinces (n = 3361; response rate 68.9%). We conducted descriptive and multinomial multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Among Canadian adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders, over one-quarter reported "fair/poor" general (25.3%) and mental (26.1%) health; more than one-third (36.4%) reported one or more activity limitations; half (50.3%) stated a job modification was required to continue working; and more than one-third (36.5%) had severe disability. Those with concurrent mood and anxiety disorders reported poorer outcomes: 56.4% had one or more activity limitations; 65.8% required a job modification and 49.6% were severely disabled. Upon adjusting for individual characteristics, those with mood and/or anxiety disorders who were older, who had a household income in the lowest or lower-middle adequacy quintile or who had concurrent disorders were more likely to have severe disability. CONCLUSION Findings from this study affirm that mood and/or anxiety disorders, especially concurrent disorders, are associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes. Results support the role of public health policy and programs aimed at improving the lives of people living with these disorders, in particular those with concurrent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Loukine
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S O'Donnell
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - E M Goldner
- Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L McRae
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Allen
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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15
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O'Donnell S, Cheung R, Bennett K, Lagacé C. The 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada on Mood and Anxiety Disorders: a methodological overview. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2016; 36:275-288. [PMID: 27977083 PMCID: PMC5387795 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.36.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of information about the impact of mood and anxiety disorders on Canadians and the approaches used to manage them. To address this gap, the 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada-Mood and Anxiety Disorders Component (SLCDC-MA) was developed. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodology of the 2014 SLCDC-MA and examine the sociodemographic characteristics of the final sample. METHODS The 2014 SLCDC-MA is a cross-sectional follow-up survey that includes Canadians from the 10 provinces aged 18 years and older with mood and/or anxiety disorders diagnosed by a health professional that are expected to last, or have already lasted, six months or more. The survey was developed by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) through an iterative, consultative process with Statistics Canada and external experts. Statistics Canada performed content testing, designed the sampling frame and strategies and collected and processed the data. PHAC used descriptive analyses to describe the respondents' sociodemographic characteristics, produced nationally representative estimates using survey weights provided by Statistics Canada, and generated variance estimates using bootstrap methodology. RESULTS The final 2014 SLCDC-MA sample consists of a total of 3361 respondents (68.9% response rate). Among Canadian adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders, close to twothirds (64%) were female, over half (56%) were married/in a common-law relationship and 60% obtained a post-secondary education. Most were young or middle-aged (85%), Canadian born (88%), of non-Aboriginal status (95%), and resided in an urban setting (82%). Household income was fairly evenly distributed between the adequacy quintiles; however, individuals were more likely to report a household income adequacy within the lowest (23%) versus highest (17%) quintile. Forty-five percent reported having a mood disorder only, 24% an anxiety disorder only and 31% both kinds of disorder. CONCLUSION The 2014 SLCDC-MA is the only national household survey to collect information on the experiences of Canadians living with a professionally diagnosed mood and/or anxiety disorder. The information collected offers insights into areas where additional support or interventions may be needed and provides baseline information for future public health research in the area of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Cheung
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Bennett
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Lagacé
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
Hyperkalaemia, an elevated extracellular fluid potassium concentration, is a common electrolyte disorder and is present in 1-10% of hospitalised patients. Elevated serum potassium concentrations are usually asymptomatic but may be associated with electrocardiogram (ECG) changes. Hyperkalaemia occasionally leads to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Prompt recognition of this disorder, patient risk management and administration of appropriate treatment can prevent serious cardiac complications of hyperkalaemia. Further assessment of the underlying basis for hyperkalaemia usually reveals a problem with renal potassium excretion (rather than transcellular shift of potassium or excess potassium intake). Reduced potassium excretion is typically associated with decreased potassium secretion in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron of the kidney. Common causes for hyperkalaemia include kidney failure, limited delivery of sodium and water to the distal nephron and drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Treatment of life-threatening hyperkalaemia (particularly those patients with ECG changes) involves administration of intravenous calcium salts to stabilise the resting cardiac membrane potential. The potassium concentration can be lowered by administration of intravenous insulin combined with an infusion of glucose to stimulate intracellular uptake of potassium. Nebulised β-2 adrenoceptor agonists can augment the effects of intravenous insulin and glucose pending more definitive management of the recurrent hyperkalaemia risk. Additional management steps include stopping further potassium intake and careful review of prescribed drugs that may be adversely affecting potassium homeostasis. Changes to prescribing systems and an agreed institutional protocol for management of hyperkalaemia can improve patient safety for this frequently encountered electrolyte disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Maxwell
- P Maxwell, Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital Belfast BT9 7AB, UK.
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O'Donnell S. Use of administrative data for national surveillance of osteoporosis and related fractures in Canada: results from a feasibility study. Arch Osteoporos 2013; 8:143. [PMID: 23740086 PMCID: PMC5096934 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-013-0143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Using administrative data healthcare databases from five Canadian provinces, we compared prevalence estimates of diagnosed osteoporosis and incidence rates for related fractures in Canada. The algorithms adopted showed consistent age and sex patterns across all provinces and will be suitable for national surveillance and monitoring. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using provincial population-based administrative data to develop a national surveillance system of diagnosed osteoporosis and related fractures (forearm, humerus, vertebra, pelvis, and hip) in Canada. METHODS Linked healthcare databases from five provinces representing approximately 85 % of the Canadian population were used. Multiple algorithms combining hospitalizations, physician visits, and osteoporosis prescription drug dispensations were evaluated in each province. The adopted algorithms for diagnosed osteoporosis and incident fractures combined hospitalizations and physician visits based on 3 years and 1 year of data, respectively. Sex-specific age-standardized osteoporosis prevalence and fracture incidence rates were estimated for each province from 1995/1996 to 2007/2008. RESULTS Age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed osteoporosis in those ≥50 years increased over the study period but stabilized in the most recent years. Using the adopted algorithm produced provincial estimates ranging from 5.6 to 10.5 % for 2007/2008, with consistent age and sex patterns across provinces. The use of osteoporosis drug data resulted in higher osteoporosis estimates compared with estimates without drug data. Age-standardized incidence of fractures in those ≥40 years showed similar age and sex patterns across all provinces. The highest level of agreement among provinces was for hip and humerus fracture rates, with wider provincial variation for forearm, vertebra, and pelvis fractures. CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with previous validation works and confirm that the algorithms adopted will be suitable for the national monitoring of diagnosed osteoporosis and related fractures. A similar approach may be applicable to other countries with high-quality administrative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Chronic Disease Surveillance and Monitoring Division, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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O'Donnell S, Adler D, Inboriboon P, Acosta R, Monzon D, Alvarado F. 103 Perspectives of South American Hospitals Hosting Foreign Rotators in Emergency Medicine. Ann Emerg Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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O'Brien F, Mooney M, O'Donnell S, McKee G, Moser D. 123 Irish patients' perceptions of their risk for a heart attack in the future following the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877b.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bernatsky S, Rusu C, O'Donnell S, Mackay C, Hawker G, Canizares M, Badley E. Self-management strategies in overweight and obese Canadians with arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2012; 64:280-6. [PMID: 21972150 DOI: 10.1002/acr.20654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obese Canadians with arthritis and to describe their use of arthritis self-management strategies, as well as explore the factors associated with not engaging in any self-management strategies. METHODS Respondents to the 2009 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada, a nationally representative sample of 4,565 Canadians age ≥20 years reporting health professional-diagnosed arthritis (including more than 100 rheumatic diseases and conditions), were asked about the impact of their arthritis and how it was managed. Among the overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) individuals with arthritis (n = 2,869), the use of arthritis self-management strategies (i.e., exercise, weight control/loss, classes, and community-based programs) were analyzed. Log binomial regression analyses were used to examine factors associated with engaging in none versus any (≥1) of the 4 strategies. RESULTS More than one-quarter (27.4%) of Canadians with arthritis were obese and an additional 39.9% were overweight. The overweight and obese individuals with arthritis were mostly female (59.5%), age ≥45 years (89.7%), and reported postsecondary education (69.0%). While most reported engagement in at least 1 self-management strategy (84.9%), less than half (45.6%) engaged in both weight control/loss and exercise. Factors independently associated with not engaging in any self-management strategies included lower education, not taking medications for arthritis, and no clinical recommendations from a health professional. CONCLUSION Fewer than half of the overweight and obese Canadians with arthritis engaged in both weight control/loss and exercise. The provision of targeted clinical recommendations (particularly low in individuals that did not engage in any self-management strategies) may help to facilitate participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bernatsky
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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LeMessurier J, O'Donnell S, Walsh P, McRae L, Bancej C. The development of national indicators for the surveillance of osteoporosis in Canada. Chronic Dis Inj Can 2012; 32:101-107. [PMID: 22414307 PMCID: PMC5104541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Public Health Agency of Canada, in collaboration with bone health and osteoporosis experts from across Canada (n = 12), selected a core set of indicators for the public health surveillance of osteoporosis using a formal consensus process. METHODS A literature review identified candidate indicators that were subsequently categorized into an osteoporosis-specific indicator framework. A survey was then administered to obtain expert opinion on the indicators' public health importance. Indicators that scored less than 3 on a Likert scale of 1 (low) to 5 (high) were excluded from further consideration. Subsequently, a majority vote on the remaining indicators' level of public health importance was sought during a face-to-face meeting. RESULTS The literature yielded 111 indicators, and 88 were selected for further consideration via the survey. At the face-to-face meeting, more than half the experts considered 39 indicators to be important from the public health perspective. CONCLUSION This core set of indicators will serve to inform the development of new data sources and the integration, analysis and interpretation of existing data into surveillance products for the purpose of public health action.
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Affiliation(s)
- J LeMessurier
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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O'Donnell S, Lagacé C, McRae L, Bancej C. Life with arthritis in Canada: a personal and public health challenge. Chronic Dis Inj Can 2011; 31:135-136. [PMID: 21733351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
"Arthritis" describes more than 100 conditions that affect the joints, the tissues that surround joints and other connective tissue. These conditions range from relatively mild forms of tendonitis and bursitis to systemic illnesses, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Life with arthritis in Canada: a personal and public health challenge presents the latest knowledge about arthritis in the Canadian population and its wide-ranging impact. It provides an overview of the impact of arthritis, and is designed to increase public awareness of the importance of prevention and timely management. Although progress has been made on interventions, arthritis remains common, disabling and costly. Increasing participation in physical activity and maintaining a healthy body weight may help to mitigate the effects of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Chronic Disease Surveillance and Monitoring Division, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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O'Donnell S, Moser D, McKee G, O'Brien F, Mooney M. P42 Gendered presentation in acute coronary syndrome. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-5151(11)60017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Leslie WD, O'Donnell S, Lagacé C, Walsh P, Bancej C, Jean S, Siminoski K, Kaiser S, Kendler DL, Jaglal S. Population-based Canadian hip fracture rates with international comparisons. Osteoporos Int 2010; 21:1317-22. [PMID: 19802507 PMCID: PMC5101056 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY We identified hospitalizations throughout Canada during 2000-2005 in which the most responsible diagnosis was a proximal femoral fracture. Use of the US fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) would be inappropriate for Canada as it would overestimate fracture risk in Canadian women and older men. INTRODUCTION It is recommended that the WHO fracture risk assessment tool should be calibrated to the target population. METHODS We identified hospitalizations for women and men throughout Canada during the study period 2000-2005 in which the most responsible diagnosis was a proximal femoral fracture (147,982 hip fractures). Age-standardized hip fracture rates were compared between Canadian provinces, and national rates were compared with those reported for the USA and Germany. RESULTS There were relatively small differences in hip fracture rates between provinces, and most did not differ appreciably from the Canadian average. Hip fracture rates for women in Canada in 2001 were substantially lower than in the USA (population-weighted rate ratio 0.70) and were also lower than in Germany for 2004 (population-weighted rate ratio 0.74). CONCLUSIONS Overall hip fracture rates for Canadian women were found to be substantially lower than those for the USA and Germany. This study underscores the importance of assessing country-specific fracture patterns prior to adopting an existing FRAX tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Leslie
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine (C5121), University of Manitoba, 409 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R2H 2A6, Canada.
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Lewanski CR, Singhera M, Dubash S, Thompson AC, Bowen F, Mann B, Mathur R, Rudolf M, O'Donnell S, White T. Palliative radiotherapy in stage III/IV NSCLC: Dose, fractionation, and survival. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e18064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- K.J. Howard
- a Department of Zoology , University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - A.R. Smith
- b Animal Behavior Program, Psychology Department , University of Washington , Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - S. O'Donnell
- b Animal Behavior Program, Psychology Department , University of Washington , Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - R.L. Jeanne
- c Department of Entomology , University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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O'Donnell S. 58 Poster Moderated Help Seeking Behaviour of Women with MI: A Gendered View of Self-Regulation. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-5151(10)60040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shoham S, Hinestrosa F, Moore J, O'Donnell S, Ruiz M, Light J. Invasive filamentous fungal infections associated with renal transplant tourism. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 12:371-4. [PMID: 20163566 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2010.00498.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
'Transplant tourism,' the practice of traveling abroad to acquire an organ, has emerged as an issue in kidney transplantation. We treated a patient who developed invasive aspergillosis of the allograft vascular anastomosis after receiving a kidney transplant in Pakistan, prompting us to review the literature of invasive mycoses among commercial organ transplant recipients. We reviewed all published cases of infections in solid organ transplant recipients who bought their organs abroad and analyzed these reports for invasive fungal infections. Including the new case reported here, 19 cases of invasive fungal infections post commercial kidney transplant occurring in 17 patients were analyzed. Infecting organisms were Aspergillus species (12/19; 63%), Zygomycetes (5/19; 26%), and other fungi (2/19; 5%). Invasive mold infections were present at the transplanted graft in 6/17 patients (35%) with graft loss or death in 13/17 (76%) of patients and overall mortality (10/17) 59%. Invasive fungal infections, frequently originating at the graft site, have emerged as a devastating complication of commercial renal transplant and are associated with high rates of graft loss and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shoham
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
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O'Donnell S, Qasim A, Ryan BM, O'Connor HJ, Breslin N, O Morain CA. The role of capsule endoscopy in small bowel Crohn's disease. J Crohns Colitis 2009; 3:282-6. [PMID: 21172288 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Video capsule endoscopy is an invaluable tool for examining the small bowel. It is non-invasive and generally well tolerated, however its role in the assessment of the severity and extent of small bowel Crohn's disease has not, to date, been adequately evaluated. METHODS All capsule endoscopies performed over a two year period in a tertiary referral centre in subjects with known or suspected Crohn's disease were reviewed. RESULTS Twenty-six capsule endoscopy studies in total were included. These were performed in 15 cases of known Crohn's disease, 5 cases of suspected Crohn's disease, 3 cases of endoscopically diagnosed non-specific terminal ileal inflammation and finally 3 post colectomy cases of indeterminant being considered for IPAA formation. Ten patients known to have small bowel Crohn's disease were prospectively recruited; of 3 with normal small bowel follow through or CT exams, one had an abnormal capsule endoscopy. The other 7 patients had small bowel follow through or abdominal CT scans consistent with small bowel Crohn's disease; additional mucosal abnormalities were detected by capsule endoscopy in 6 cases with capsule retention in the stomach in one. Of 5 with colonic Crohn's disease normal small bowel imaging corresponded with normal capsule endoscopy in all but one. A diagnosis of Crohn's disease was made in 2 out of 5 cases of suspected Crohn's disease on the basis of the capsule endoscopy findings. Three patients with non-specific acute terminal ileal inflammation at ileocolonoscopy were confirmed to have ongoing inflammation. The capsule was retained in four subjects beyond 24 h. CONCLUSION Capsule endoscopy more accurately determines the severity and extent of the Crohn's disease in the small bowel than traditional imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Department of Gastroenterology, AMNCH/Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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O'Donnell S, Goetcheus A, Beavers F, Lowery R, Ricotta J. Endovascular Management of Acute Aortic Dissections. J Vasc Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Molina Y, Harris RM, O'Donnell S. Brain organization mirrors caste differences, colony founding and nest architecture in paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Proc Biol Sci 2009; 276:3345-51. [PMID: 19553252 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cognitive challenges that social animals face depend on species differences in social organization and may affect mosaic brain evolution. We asked whether the relative size of functionally distinct brain regions corresponds to species differences in social behaviour among paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). We measured the volumes of targeted brain regions in eight species of paper wasps. We found species variation in functionally distinct brain regions, which was especially strong in queens. Queens from species with open-comb nests had larger central processing regions dedicated to vision (mushroom body (MB) calyx collars) than those with enclosed nests. Queens from advanced eusocial species (swarm founders), who rely on pheromones in several contexts, had larger antennal lobes than primitively eusocial independent founders. Queens from species with morphologically distinct castes had augmented central processing regions dedicated to antennal input (MB lips) relative to caste monomorphic species. Intraspecific caste differences also varied with mode of colony founding. Independent-founding queens had larger MB collars than their workers. Conversely, workers in swarm-founding species with decentralized colony regulation had larger MB calyx collars and optic lobes than their queens. Our results suggest that brain organization is affected by evolutionary transitions in social interactions and is related to the environmental stimuli group members face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Molina
- Animal Behavior Program, Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Mooney M, McKee G, Moser D, O'Brien F, Fealy G, O'Donnell S. FAMP2 A Study of the Length of Time that Patients Delay before Presenting to Accident and Emergency with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-5151(09)60031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. McKee
- Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D. Moser
- University of Kentucky, Kentucky, United States of America
| | | | - G. Fealy
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most frequently asked questions during consultation with those affected by inflammatory bowel disease is what are its effects on pregnancy, and how the treatment will impact on conception and pregnancy outcomes. AIM To review available data regarding the safety of biological therapies during pregnancy, primarily in woman with inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS A Medline search was performed and available original research and review articles relating to the use of biological (antitumour necrosis factor-alpha) therapies in inflammatory bowel disease were reviewed. Where information regarding the use of a drug in inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy was limited, articles referring to its use for other indications, such as rheumatoid arthritis, were reviewed. CONCLUSIONS Based on available data, biological therapies appear to be safe in pregnancy. Most studies looking at the effects of any one medication on pregnancy in inflammatory bowel disease are confounded by the fact that most patients are on multiple medications and have varying levels of disease activity. Stopping therapy in the third trimester should be considered. Large registries with longer follow-up periods will be necessary before firm conclusions about the safety of antitumour necrosis factor-alpha therapies during conception and pregnancy can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Department of Gastroenterology, AMNCH/Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Molina Y, O'Donnell S. A developmental test of the dominance-nutrition hypothesis: linking adult feeding, aggression, and reproductive potential in the paperwaspMischocyttarusmastigophorus. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2008.9522533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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O'Donnell S, Humphreys H, Hughes D. Distribution of virulence genes among colonising and invasive isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:625-6. [PMID: 18373689 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.01990.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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O'Donnell S, Murphy J, Bew S, Knight LC. Aryepiglottoplasty for laryngomalacia: results and recommendations following a case series of 84. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007; 71:1271-5. [PMID: 17597233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2007.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine one consultant's experience of aryepiglottoplasty at Leeds General Infirmary. To identify risk factors for post-operative complications. Comparing the outcomes of surgery with the published literature on aryepiglottoplasty. DESIGN A retrospective case series of consecutive patients undergoing aryepiglottoplasty identified from theatre records. SETTING The Otolaryngology Department, Leeds General Infirmary. This is part of Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and is a tertiary referral centre with regional paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and specialises in managing paediatric airway pathology. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-one consecutive cases of aryepiglottoplasties, between 1997 and 2005. The medical records for 84 cases were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Unplanned admissions to PICU, complication rate, length of post-operative hospital stay, and successful resolution of symptoms amongst our patient group. RESULTS The primary indication for surgery was found to be severe stridor. There was a low rate (3.6%) of unplanned admissions to the PICU. 7.1% of patients suffered a post-operative aspiration pneumonia. The majority (66.7%) of patients were able to return home after just one night in hospital. 11.9% of patients continued to have some stridor at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients undergoing aryepiglottoplasty for isolated laryngomalacia can be monitored overnight on a paediatric surgical ward and return home the following day (85%). Furthermore, they should expect improvement of their stridor with a single procedure (90%). Aryepiglottoplasty at an experienced unit is a low-risk procedure with a high success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George St., Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
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Powell SM, O'Donnell S, Ruckley R. Scar excision in revision neck surgery. Clin Otolaryngol 2007; 32:312-3. [PMID: 17651295 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.2007.01431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Strontium ranelate is a new treatment for osteoporosis therefore, its benefits and harms need to be known. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy and safety of strontium ranelate for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched MEDLINE (1996 to March 2005), EMBASE (1996 to week 9 2005), the Cochrane Library (1996 to Issue 1 2005), reference lists of relevant articles and conference proceedings from the last two years. Additional data was sought from authors. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of at least one year duration comparing strontium ranelate versus placebo reporting fracture incidence, bone mineral density (BMD), health related quality of life or safety in postmenopausal women. Treatment (versus prevention) population was defined as women with prevalent vertebral fractures and/or lumbar spine BMD T score < -2.5 SD. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently determined study eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted the relevant data. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. RCTs were grouped by dose of strontium ranelate and treatment duration. Where possible, meta-analysis was conducted using the random effects model. MAIN RESULTS Four trials met the inclusion criteria. Three included a treatment population (0.5 to 2 g of strontium ranelate daily) and one a prevention population (0.125 g, 0.5 g and 1 g daily). A 37% reduction in vertebral fractures (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.56, 0.71) and a 14% reduction in non-vertebral fractures (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75, 0.98) were demonstrated over three years with 2 g of strontium ranelate daily in a treatment population. An increase in BMD was shown at all BMD sites after two to three years in both populations. Lower doses of strontium ranelate were superior to placebo and the highest dose demonstrated the greatest reduction in vertebral fractures and increase in BMD. An increased risk of diarrhea with 2 g of strontium ranelate was found; however, adverse events did not affect the risk of discontinuing treatment nor did it increase the risk of serious side effects, gastritis or death. Additional data suggests that the risk of vascular and nervous system side-effects is slightly increased with taking 2 g of strontium ranelate daily over three to four years. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is silver level evidence (www.cochranemsk.org) to support the efficacy of strontium ranelate for the reduction of fractures (vertebral and to a lesser extent non-vertebral) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women and an increase in BMD in postmenopausal women with/without osteoporosis. Diarrhea may occur however, adverse events leading to study withdrawal were not significantly increased with taking 2 g of strontium ranelate daily. Potential vascular and neurological side-effects need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Ottawa Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Strontium ranelate is a new anti-osteoporosis therapy therefore, its benefits and harms need to be known. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy and safety of strontium ranelate for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched MEDLINE (1996 to March 2005), EMBASE (1996 to week 9 2005), the Cochrane Library (1996 to Issue 1 2005), reference lists of relevant articles and conference proceedings from the last two years. Additional data was sought from authors and industry sponsors. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of at least one year duration comparing strontium ranelate versus placebo reporting fracture incidence, bone mineral density (BMD), health related quality of life and/or safety outcomes in postmenopausal women. Treatment (versus prevention) population was defined as women with prevalent vertebral fractures and/or lumbar spine BMD T score < -2.5 SD. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently determined study eligibility, assessed trial quality and extracted the relevant data. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. RCTs were grouped by dose of strontium ranelate and treatment duration. Where possible, meta-analysis was conducted using the random effects model. MAIN RESULTS A total of four trials met our inclusion criteria, three of which investigated the effects of strontium ranelate compared to placebo in a treatment population (doses ranged from 0.5 to 2 g daily) and one, in a prevention population (doses 0.125, 0.5 and 1 g daily). In osteoporotic, postmenopausal women a 37% reduction in vertebral fractures (two trials, n = 5082, RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.71) and a 14% reduction in non-vertebral fractures (two trials, n = 6572, RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.98) was demonstrated over a three year period with 2 g of strontium ranelate daily. An increase in BMD at all sites was shown with the same dose: lumbar spine BMD (two trials, n = 1614, WMD adjusted for strontium content 5.44, 95% CI 3.41 to 7.46 and WMD not adjusted 11.29, 95% CI 10.22 to 12.37 over two years), femoral neck and total hip (two trials, n = 4230, WMD 8.25, 95% CI 7.84 to 8.66 and WMD 9.83, 95% CI 9.39 to 10.26 respectively over three years). One gram of strontium ranelate daily in postmenopausal women without osteoporosis increased BMD at all sites over a two year period: lumbar spine (one trial, n = 59, WMD adjusted for strontium content 2.39, 95% CI 0.15 to 4.63 and WMD not adjusted 6.68, 95% CI 5.16 to 8.20), femoral neck (one trial, n= 60, WMD 2.52, 95%CI 0.96 to 4.09) and total hip (one trial, n = 60, WMD 1.02, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.56). In both the treatment and prevention populations, lower doses of strontium ranelate were superior to placebo with the highest dose of strontium ranelate demonstrating the greatest reduction in vertebral fractures and increase in BMD. There is some evidence to suggest that 2 g of strontium ranelate daily compared to placebo may have a beneficial effect on health related quality of life in postmenopausal women after three years of treatment. Two grams of strontium ranelate daily increased the risk of diarrhea (RR 1.38%, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.87); however, adverse events did not affect the risk of discontinuing strontium ranelate nor did it increase the risk of serious side effects, gastritis or death. Additional data obtained suggests that the risk of vascular system disorders including venous thromboembolism (two trials, n = 6669, 2.2% versus 1.5%, OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1) and pulmonary embolism (two trials, n = 6669, 0.8% versus 0.4%, OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.1) as well as nervous system disorders such as headaches (3.9% versus 2.9%), seizures (0.3% versus 0.1%), memory loss (2.4% versus 1.9%) and disturbance in consciousness (2.5% versus 2.0%) is slightly increased with taking 2 g of strontium ranelate daily over a 3 to 4 year period. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is silver level evidence to support the efficacy of strontium ranelate for the reduction of vertebral fractures (and to a lesser extent non-vertebral fractures) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women and an increase in BMD (all sites) in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis. Diarrhea may occur however, adverse events leading to study withdrawal were not significantly increased in the strontium ranelate group. Potential risks to the vascular and neurological system associated with taking 2 g of strontium ranelate daily need to be further explored and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donnell
- Ottawa Health Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, 1053 Carling Avenue, C-414, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4E9.
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Shaikh G, O'Donnell S, Donnell SO, Gerrard GE. Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Presenting with a Hoarse Voice and Rectal Bleeding. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2006; 18:157-8. [PMID: 16523823 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2005.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- G Barnea
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Plynn CM, Pope MT, O'Donnell S. Tungstovanadate heteropoly complexes. V. The ion H2W11VvO407- and the oxidation and reduction of tungstovanadates. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50134a014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bushby
- Institute of Human Genetics, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne.
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Markiewicz DA, O'Donnell S. Social dominance, task performance and nutrition: implications for reproduction in eusocial wasps. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2001; 187:327-33. [PMID: 11529476 DOI: 10.1007/s003590100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Dominance status is associated with individual differences in reproductive capacity in many animal societies, but the mechanisms that link social dominance to reproductive physiology are poorly understood. We propose a model for social dynamics that incorporates the nutritional costs and benefits of behavior: dominant individuals avoid energy-expensive behavior and build their nutritional reserves, thereby increasing their potential for reproduction. Greater reproductive capacity, once achieved, favors increased social dominance. To test the model, we measured relationships of females' nutrient storage and reproductive capacities with dominance status and task performance in the eusocial wasp Mischocyttarus mastigophorus. Ovary development was positively related with high levels of nutrient storage and with high rates of dominance behavior, but was not correlated with task performance. In contrast, high levels of nutrient storage were positively related with the performance of nutrient garnering and conserving tasks, but not with dominance behavior. These data support a model which places the nutritional costs of task performance as an intermediate causal link that connects dominance status with the accumulation of nutrient stores. Nutrient flow may be a general causal mechanism linking dominance status to reproductive capacity in animal societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Markiewicz
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
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O'Donnell S. Worker biting interactions and task performance in a swarm-founding eusocial wasp (Polybia occidentalis, Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Behav Ecol 2001. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/12.3.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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O'Donnell S, Fitzpatrick M, McKenna P. Abuse in pregnancy - the experience of women. Ir Med J 2000; 93:229-30. [PMID: 11133053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
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Abstract
Carotid body tumors (CBTs) have an unpredictable history with no correlation between histology and clinical behavior. Of reported cases since 1891, local and distant metastases appear in approximately 10% of cases and remain the hallmark of malignancy. Currently, there are not enough data to support a single treatment regimen for malignant CBTs. The reported case demonstrates some unanswered issues with regard to malignant CBTs to include lymph node dissection, the need for carotid resection, and the role of radiation therapy. A 46-year-old pathologist underwent a resection of a Shamblin I CBT, to include jugular lymph node sampling, without complication. There was lymph node involvement, and tumor cells were found on the margins of the pathologic specimen. Subsequent carotid resection with reversed interposition saphenous vein graft and modified neck dissection were performed again without complication. Follow-up at 4 years has been uneventful. Diagnosis of CBTs with the use of magnetic resonance angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, color flow duplex scanning, and the role of arteriography are reviewed. The current treatment options are discussed with reference to primary lymph node sampling, carotid resection, and neck dissection in malignant cases. This case demonstrates that the unpredictable nature of CBTs and their malignant potential warrant aggressive initial local treatment to include jugular lymph node sampling and complete tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dias Da Silva
- Vascular Surgery Service, Hospital Geral de Santo António and D. Pedro V Military Hospital, Porto, Portugal.
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Sandgren AK, McCaul KD, King B, O'Donnell S, Foreman G. Telephone therapy for patients with breast cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum 2000; 27:683-8. [PMID: 10833696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To test the value of telephone-administered cognitive-behavioral therapy in a study of patients with breast cancer. DESIGN Women were assigned randomly to a therapy group or an assessment-only control group. SETTING A tertiary cancer treatment center serving rural areas of North Dakota and Minnesota. SAMPLE Women were recruited within three to four months of stage I (n = 27) or stage II (n = 26) breast cancer diagnosis. Age ranged from 30-82 (mean = 51.5 years). Most participants (n = 35) underwent a modified radical mastectomy; 17 underwent a lumpectomy. METHODS Therapy involved 10 30-minute (or less) telephone sessions. Data that were collected from mailed questionnaires included psychological distress (Profile of Mood States), perceived stress, coping (Coping Response Indices-Revised), quality of life (Medical Outcome Scale), and satisfaction with therapy. Measures were completed at baseline and at 4- and 10-month follow-up intervals. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Telephone therapy, stress, coping, and quality of life. FINDINGS With time, women in the therapy and control groups reported reduced stress and improved quality of life. However, significant reductions in some kinds of distress (anxiety, anger, depression, and confusion) were not observed. Most therapy participants liked the telephone treatment sessions but showed only modest improvement (less anxiety and confusion) compared with women in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Most patients reported being comfortable with the telephone therapy and said that they felt better as a result of it. However, the outcome data showed that telephone therapy--as carried out in this study--produced only modest benefits. Researchers need to consider who is best for delivering such therapy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Providing telephone therapy to patients with breast cancer has potential benefits, and nurses may be the appropriate professionals to administer the therapy.
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