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Middleton J, Colthart G, Dem F, Elkins A, Fairhead J, Hazell RJ, Head MG, Inacio J, Jimbudo M, Jones CI, Laman M, MacGregor H, Novotny V, Peck M, Philip J, Paliau J, Pomat W, Stockdale JA, Sui S, Stewart AJ, Umari R, Walker SL, Cassell JA. Health service needs and perspectives of a rainforest conserving community in Papua New Guinea's Ramu lowlands: a combined clinical and rapid anthropological assessment with parallel treatment of urgent cases. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075946. [PMID: 37802618 PMCID: PMC10565268 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine community needs and perspectives as part of planning health service incorporation into Wanang Conservation Area, in support of locally driven sustainable development. DESIGN Clinical and rapid anthropological assessment (individual primary care assessments, key informant (KI) interviews, focus groups (FGs), ethnography) with treatment of urgent cases. SETTING Wanang (pop. c189), a rainforest community in Madang province, Papua New Guinea. PARTICIPANTS 129 villagers provided medical histories (54 females (f), 75 males (m); median 19 years, range 1 month to 73 years), 113 had clinical assessments (51f, 62m; median 18 years, range 1 month to 73 years). 26 ≥18 years participated in sex-stratified and age-stratified FGs (f<40 years; m<40 years; f>40 years; m>40 years). Five KIs were interviewed (1f, 4m). Daily ethnographic fieldnotes were recorded. RESULTS Of 113 examined, 11 were 'well' (a clinical impression based on declarations of no current illness, medical histories, conversation, no observed disease signs), 62 (30f, 32m) were treated urgently, 31 referred (15f, 16m), indicating considerable unmet need. FGs top-4 ranked health issues concorded with KI views, medical histories and clinical examinations. For example, ethnoclassifications of three ((A) 'malaria', (B) 'sotwin', (C) 'grile') translated to the five biomedical conditions diagnosed most ((A) malaria, 9 villagers; (B) upper respiratory infection, 25; lower respiratory infection, 10; tuberculosis, 9; (C) tinea imbricata, 15) and were highly represented in declared medical histories ((A) 75 participants, (B) 23, (C) 35). However, 29.2% of diagnoses (49/168) were limited to one or two people. Treatment approaches included plant medicines, stored pharmaceuticals, occasionally rituals. Travel to hospital/pharmacy was sometimes undertaken for severe/refractory disease. Service barriers included: no health patrols/accessible aid post, remote hospital, unfamiliarity with institutions and medicine costs. Service introduction priorities were: aid post, vaccinations, transport, perinatal/birth care and family planning. CONCLUSIONS This study enabled service planning and demonstrated a need sufficient to acquire funding to establish primary care. In doing so, it aided Wanang's community to develop sustainably, without sacrificing their forest home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Middleton
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Watson Building, University of Brighton, Falmer, UK
| | - Gavin Colthart
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Watson Building, University of Brighton, Falmer, UK
| | - Francesca Dem
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Alice Elkins
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - James Fairhead
- Department of Anthropology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Richard J Hazell
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Michael G Head
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Joao Inacio
- School of Applied Sciences, Cockcroft Building, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Mavis Jimbudo
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Christopher Iain Jones
- Medical Statistics, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Watson Building, University of Brighton, Falmer, UK
| | - Moses Laman
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - Hayley MacGregor
- Health and Nutrition Research Cluster, Institute of Development Studies, Falmer, UK
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Mika Peck
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Jonah Philip
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
- Wanang Conservation Area, Wanang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Jason Paliau
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Renewable Energy, School of Environment and Climate Change, Papua New Guinea University of Natural Resources and Environment, Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
| | - William Pomat
- PNG Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
| | - Jessica A Stockdale
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Watson Building, University of Brighton, Falmer, UK
| | - Shen Sui
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Alan J Stewart
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Ruma Umari
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
- Wanang Conservation Area, Wanang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Stephen L Walker
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, and Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jackie A Cassell
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Watson Building, University of Brighton, Falmer, UK
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Hazenbosch M, Sui S, Isua B, Beauchamp E, Kik A, Luke G, Matouš P, Morris RJ, Paliau J, Milner‐Gulland EJ. Quantifying unintended effects of an agroecological research project on farmers' practices and social network in Papua New Guinea. People and Nature 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shen Sui
- The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Brus Isua
- The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Emilie Beauchamp
- International Institute for Environment and Development London UK
| | - Alfred Kik
- The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre Madang Papua New Guinea
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Grace Luke
- The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Petr Matouš
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Rebecca J. Morris
- Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK
- School of Biological Sciences University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Jason Paliau
- The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre Madang Papua New Guinea
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Romero GQ, Gonçalves-Souza T, Roslin T, Marquis RJ, Marino NAC, Novotny V, Cornelissen T, Orivel J, Sui S, Aires G, Antoniazzi R, Dáttilo W, Breviglieri CPB, Busse A, Gibb H, Izzo TJ, Kadlec T, Kemp V, Kersch-Becker M, Knapp M, Kratina P, Luke R, Majnarić S, Maritz R, Mateus Martins P, Mendesil E, Michalko J, Mrazova A, Novais S, Pereira CC, Perić MS, Petermann JS, Ribeiro SP, Sam K, Trzcinski MK, Vieira C, Westwood N, Bernaschini ML, Carvajal V, González E, Jausoro M, Kaensin S, Ospina F, Cristóbal-Pérez EJ, Quesada M, Rogy P, Srivastava DS, Szpryngiel S, Tack AJM, Teder T, Videla M, Viljur ML, Koricheva J. Climate variability and aridity modulate the role of leaf shelters for arthropods: A global experiment. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:3694-3710. [PMID: 35243726 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current climate change is disrupting biotic interactions and eroding biodiversity worldwide. However, species sensitive to aridity, high temperatures, and climate variability might find shelter in microclimatic refuges, such as leaf rolls built by arthropods. To explore how the importance of leaf shelters for terrestrial arthropods changes with latitude, elevation, and climate, we conducted a distributed experiment comparing arthropods in leaf rolls versus control leaves across 52 sites along an 11,790 km latitudinal gradient. We then probed the impact of short- versus long-term climatic impacts on roll use, by comparing the relative impact of conditions during the experiment versus average, baseline conditions at the site. Leaf shelters supported larger organisms and higher arthropod biomass and species diversity than non-rolled control leaves. However, the magnitude of the leaf rolls' effect differed between long- and short-term climate conditions, metrics (species richness, biomass, and body size), and trophic groups (predators vs. herbivores). The effect of leaf rolls on predator richness was influenced only by baseline climate, increasing in magnitude in regions experiencing increased long-term aridity, regardless of latitude, elevation, and weather during the experiment. This suggests that shelter use by predators may be innate, and thus, driven by natural selection. In contrast, the effect of leaf rolls on predator biomass and predator body size decreased with increasing temperature, and increased with increasing precipitation, respectively, during the experiment. The magnitude of shelter usage by herbivores increased with the abundance of predators and decreased with increasing temperature during the experiment. Taken together, these results highlight that leaf roll use may have both proximal and ultimate causes. Projected increases in climate variability and aridity are, therefore, likely to increase the importance of biotic refugia in mitigating the effects of climate change on species persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Q Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gonçalves-Souza
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert J Marquis
- Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicholas A C Marino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tatiana Cornelissen
- Centre for Ecological Synthesis and Conservation, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jerome Orivel
- CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles, Campus agronomique, Kourou cedex, France
| | - Shen Sui
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Nagada Harbour, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Gustavo Aires
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Reuber Antoniazzi
- Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas, USA
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Crasso P B Breviglieri
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Annika Busse
- Department of Nature Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
| | - Heloise Gibb
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thiago J Izzo
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brasil
| | - Tomas Kadlec
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Kemp
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Monica Kersch-Becker
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michal Knapp
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Luke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
| | - Stefan Majnarić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robin Maritz
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Paulo Mateus Martins
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) [Federal Rural University of Pernambuco], Recife, Brazil
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Esayas Mendesil
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Jaroslav Michalko
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
- Mlynany Arboretum, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Mrazova
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Novais
- Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Cássio C Pereira
- Centre for Ecological Synthesis and Conservation, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mirela S Perić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jana S Petermann
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sérvio P Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Ecoehalth, Ecology of Canopy Insects and Natural Succession, NUPEB-Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Katerina Sam
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - M Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Camila Vieira
- Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Natalie Westwood
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maria L Bernaschini
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Valentina Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Ecologia, Grupo de Investigación en Ecosistemas Tropicales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Ezequiel González
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Environmental Science, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Mariana Jausoro
- Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, Chilecito, Spain
| | - Stanis Kaensin
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Nagada Harbour, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Fabiola Ospina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - E Jacob Cristóbal-Pérez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Mauricio Quesada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Pierre Rogy
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Scarlett Szpryngiel
- Department of Zoology, The Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ayco J M Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiit Teder
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Videla
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mari-Liis Viljur
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III), Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany
| | - Julia Koricheva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK
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4
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Pereira CC, Novais S, Barbosa M, Negreiros D, Gonçalves‐Souza T, Roslin T, Marquis R, Marino N, Novotny V, Orivel J, Sui S, Aires G, Antoniazzi R, Dáttilo W, Breviglieri C, Busse A, Gibb H, Izzo T, Kadlec T, Kemp V, Kersch‐Becker M, Knapp M, Kratina P, Luke R, Majnarić S, Maritz R, Martins PM, Mendesil E, Michalko J, Mrazova A, Perić MS, Petermann J, Ribeiro S, Sam K, Trzcinski MK, Vieira C, Westwood N, Bernaschini M, Carvajal V, González E, Jausoro M, Kaensin S, Ospina F, Pérez JC, Quesada M, Rogy P, Srivastava DS, Szpryngiel S, Tack AJM, Teder T, Videla M, Viljur M, Koricheva J, Fernandes GW, Romero GQ, Cornelissen T. Subtle structures with not‐so‐subtle functions: A data set of arthropod constructs and their host plants. Ecology 2022; 103:e3639. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Cardoso Pereira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Samuel Novais
- Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya. , Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
| | - Milton Barbosa
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Daniel Negreiros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Thiago Gonçalves‐Souza
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), 50710‐000, Recife‐Prince Edward Island Brazil
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Robert Marquis
- Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center and Department of Biology University of Missouri‐St. Louis, 1 University Boulevard St. Louis Missouri US
| | - Nicholas Marino
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Jerome Orivel
- CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRA Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles, Campus agronomique BP Kourou cedex France
| | - Shen Sui
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, PO Box 604, Nagada Harbour Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Gustavo Aires
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), 50710‐000, Recife‐Prince Edward Island Brazil
| | - Reuber Antoniazzi
- Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture Stephen F. Austin State University, 419 East College St. Nacogdoches Texas US
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología Instituto de Ecología A.C CP Veracruz Mexico
| | - Crasso Breviglieri
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083‐862, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Annika Busse
- Bavarian Forest National Park Department of Nature Conservation and Research, Freyunger Str. 2 Grafenau Germany
| | - Heloise Gibb
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Thiago Izzo
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Montana Brazil
| | - Tomas Kadlec
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Kemp
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road London UK
| | | | - Michal Knapp
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road London UK
| | - Rebecca Luke
- Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK
| | - Stefan Majnarić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Robin Maritz
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road Bellville South Africa
| | - Paulo Mateus Martins
- Laboratory of Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation, Department of Biology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), 50710‐000, Recife‐Prince Edward Island Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 50710‐000, Recife‐PE, Brazil; and Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Esayas Mendesil
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences Jimma University, P.O. Box 307 Jimma Ethiopia
| | - Jaroslav Michalko
- The Biofood Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; and Mlynany Arboretum Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vieska nad Zitavou 178, 951 52 Slepcany Slovakia
| | - Anna Mrazova
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Mirela Sertić Perić
- Faculty of Science, Department of biology University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Jana Petermann
- Department of Biosciences University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34 Salzburg Austria
| | - Sérvio Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Ecohealth, Ecology of Canopy Insects and Natural Succession, Nupeb‐Ufop Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro Ouro Preto Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Katerina Sam
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - M. Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia, 3041 ‐ 2424 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Camila Vieira
- Pós‐graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Natalie Westwood
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Maria Bernaschini
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET‐Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611‐(X5016GCA), Córdoba Argentina
| | - Valentina Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Ecologia, Grupo de Investigación en Ecosistemas Tropicales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 # 26‐10 Manizales Colombia
| | - Ezequiel González
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Mariana Jausoro
- Departamento de Ciencias Basicas Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, Ruta Los Peregrinos s7n CP Chilecito Argentina
| | - Stanis Kaensin
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, PO Box 604, Nagada Harbour Madang Papua New Guinea
| | - Fabiola Ospina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 # Manizales Colombia
| | - Jacob Cristóbal Pérez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Mauricio Quesada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia Michoacán Mexico
| | - Pierre Rogy
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Diane S. Srivastava
- Dept. of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Scarlett Szpryngiel
- Department of Zoology The Swedish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 50007 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ayco J. M. Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tiit Teder
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129 Prague ‐ Suchdol Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46 Tartu Estonia
| | - Martin Videla
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET‐Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611‐(X5016GCA), Córdoba Argentina
| | - Mari‐Liis Viljur
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III), Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Glashüttenstraße 5, 96181 Rauhenebrach, Germany; and Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46 Tartu Estonia
| | - Julia Koricheva
- Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK
| | - G. Wilson Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (Unicamp), 13083‐862, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tatiana Cornelissen
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo da Vida Silvestre, Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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Middleton J, Abdad MY, Beauchamp E, Colthart G, Cooper MJF, Dem F, Fairhead J, Grundy CL, Head MG, Inacio J, Jimbudo M, Jones CI, Konecna M, Laman M, MacGregor H, Novotny V, Peck M, Paliau J, Philip J, Pomat W, Roberts CH, Sui S, Stewart AJ, Walker SL, Cassell JA. Health service needs and perspectives of remote forest communities in Papua New Guinea: study protocol for combined clinical and rapid anthropological assessments with parallel treatment of urgent cases. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e041784. [PMID: 33130572 PMCID: PMC7733180 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our project follows community requests for health service incorporation into conservation collaborations in the rainforests of Papua New Guinea (PNG). This protocol is for health needs assessments, our first step in coplanning medical provision in communities with no existing health data. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study includes clinical assessments and rapid anthropological assessment procedures (RAP) exploring the health needs and perspectives of partner communities in two areas, conducted over 6 weeks fieldwork. First, in Wanang village (population c.200), which is set in lowland rainforest. Second, in six communities (population c.3000) along an altitudinal transect up the highest mountain in PNG, Mount Wilhelm. Individual primary care assessments incorporate physical examinations and questioning (providing qualitative and quantitative data) while RAP includes focus groups, interviews and field observations (providing qualitative data). Given absence of in-community primary care, treatments are offered alongside research activity but will not form part of the study. Data are collected by a research fellow, primary care clinician and two PNG research technicians. After quantitative and qualitative analyses, we will report: ethnoclassifications of disease, causes, symptoms and perceived appropriate treatment; community rankings of disease importance and service needs; attitudes regarding health service provision; disease burdens and associations with altitudinal-related variables and cultural practices. To aid wider use study tools are in online supplemental file, and paper and ODK versions are available free from the corresponding author. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Challenges include supporting informed consent in communities with low literacy and diverse cultures, moral duties to provide treatment alongside research in medically underserved areas while minimising risks of therapeutic misconception and inappropriate inducement, and PNG research capacity building. Brighton and Sussex Medical School (UK), PNG Institute of Medical Research and PNG Medical Research Advisory Committee have approved the study. Dissemination will be via journals, village meetings and plain language summaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Middleton
- Primary Care and Public Health, and NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK
- Evolution, behaviour and environment, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Mohammad Yazid Abdad
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka/Madang, Papua New Guinea
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
| | - Emilie Beauchamp
- International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK
| | - Gavin Colthart
- Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK
- Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, North Queensland, Australia
| | - Maxwell J F Cooper
- Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK
| | - Francesca Dem
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Nagada, Papua New Guinea
| | - James Fairhead
- Anthropology, School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Caroline L Grundy
- Sussex Sustainability Research Programme, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Michael G Head
- Faculty of Medicine and Global Health Research Institute, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Joao Inacio
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, New University of Lisbon Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mavis Jimbudo
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Nagada, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - Martina Konecna
- Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Moses Laman
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka/Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - Vojtech Novotny
- Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Ecology, Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Mika Peck
- Evolution, behaviour and environment, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Jason Paliau
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Nagada, Papua New Guinea
| | - Jonah Philip
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Nagada, Papua New Guinea
| | - Willie Pomat
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka/Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Chrissy H Roberts
- Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Shen Sui
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Nagada, Papua New Guinea
| | - Alan J Stewart
- Evolution, behaviour and environment, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Stephen L Walker
- Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases and Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jackie A Cassell
- Primary Care and Public Health, and NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Neglected Tropical Diseases, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK
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Sui S, Hou Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Yu M, Yang Y, Huang N. T max is a sensitive indicator of myocardial ischaemia under adenosine stress as determined by static PET imaging: a study in a porcine model. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:657-664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Ren XD, He H, Tong YQ, Ren YP, Yuan SQ, Liu R, Zuo CY, Wu K, Sui S, Wang DS. Experimental investigation on dynamic characteristics and strengthening mechanism of laser-induced cavitation bubbles. Ultrason Sonochem 2016; 32:218-223. [PMID: 27150764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic features of nanosecond laser-induced cavitation bubbles near the light alloy boundary were investigated with the high-speed photography. The shock-waves and the dynamic characteristics of the cavitation bubbles generated by the laser were detected using the hydrophone. The dynamic features and strengthening mechanism of cavitation bubbles were studied. The strengthening mechanisms of cavitation bubble were discussed when the relative distance parameter γ was within the range of 0.5-2.5. It showed that the strengthening mechanisms caused by liquid jet or shock-waves depended on γ much. The research results provided a new strengthening method based on laser-induced cavitation shotless peening (CSP).
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - H He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Y Q Tong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Y P Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - S Q Yuan
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - R Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - C Y Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - K Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - S Sui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - D S Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
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Wu X, Sui S, Spencer S, Fiveash J, Duan J, Popple R, Pareek P, Brezovich I. MO-E-330A-04: Semi-Automatic Contouring for Respiratory Gating. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Zhang W, Sui S, Jiang Y, Zeng B. Embracing fixator for treating periprosthetic femoral fractures. Chin Med J (Engl) 2001; 114:1329-30. [PMID: 11793866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
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Zhang X, Zhong B, Sui S, Yu X, Jiang Y. Treatment of distal femoral nonunion and delayed union by using a retrograde intramedullary interlocking nail. Chin J Traumatol 2001; 4:180-4. [PMID: 11835727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the causes of distal femoral nonunion and delayed union and assess the outcome of the corresponding treatment, retrograde intramedullary interlocking nail (RIIN). METHODS From June 1995 to December 1998, 15 patients (9 males and 6 females) with distal femoral nonunion and delayed union were treated with RIIN. The average age of the patients was 34.5 years (23-46 years). Bone grafting was performed in 10 patients, closed reaming was done in the other 5 patients. Correction osteotomy was performed in 2 patients, and intra-articular release of knee adhesion in 11 patients. X-ray examination and knee society clinical rating system (KSS) were used to evaluate the results. RESULTS All fractures were followed up for at least 9 months with average follow-up duration of 14.5 months (9-33 months). Solid union was documented in all patients at 6.4 months on average. There were no infections or malunions in this series. Based on the final follow-up data, acceptable functional range of motion (ROM) of over 90 degrees was achieved in most patients. The average ROM was 93.5 degrees with significant improvement of 28 degrees (42.7%, P<0.05) compared with the preoperative ROM. The average knee score was 96. Excellent ROM emerged in 13 patients. The knee function score was 90.5 on average. CONCLUSIONS The main causes of distal femoral nonunion and delayed union are improper indications and improper use of the implants. RIIN is an effective alternative for treatment of distal femoral nonunion and delayed union because it can provide a stable and reliable fixation which is beneficial for early functional exercise of knee. Bone grafting, closed reaming and intra-articular release of knee adhesion should be considered in order to enhance the bone healing and improve ROM and the knee function.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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Lu Y, Xia X, Sui S. The interaction of trichosanthin with supported phospholipid membranes studied by surface plasmon resonance. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1512:308-16. [PMID: 11406108 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(01)00334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Trichosanthin (TCS) is a toxic protein isolated from a Chinese herbal medicine, the root tuber of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz of the Curcurbitaceae family. It is now used in China to terminate early and mid-trimester pregnancies. The ribosome inactivating property is thought to be account for its toxicity; it can inactivate the eukaryotic ribosome through its RNA N-glycosidase activity. The interactions of TCS with biological membrane is thought to be essential for its physiological effect, for it must get across the membrane before it can enter the cytoplasm and exert its RIP function. In the present work, the interaction of TCS with supported phospholipid monolayers is studied by surface plasmon resonance. The results show that electrostatic forces dominate the interaction between TCS and negatively charged phospholipid containing membranes under acid condition and that both the pH value and the ionic strength can influence its binding. It is proposed that, besides electrostatic forces, hydrophobic interaction may also be involved in the binding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, PR China
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12
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Sui S, Luo Q. [Release character of phosphorus from the sediments of east Lake, Wuhan]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2001; 22:102-5. [PMID: 11382027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Effects of environmental factors on the release of phosphorus were studied at laboratory simulated test. The relationship between the different forms of phosphorus in sediments and the quantity of releasing phosphorus was studied at the same time. Results showed that the rates of phosphorus release from the sediment increased with rising the temperature of disturbing the overlying water. The content of phosphorus release from the sediment reached the lowest level when pH value was 7.4, high pH or low pH increased the rates of phosphorus release from the sediment. In anaerobic, the release rates of phosphorus was 30 times as much as in aerobic. Research also showed that different chemical forms of phosphorus in sediments were related to the quantity of phosphorus released from the sediments in varying degrees. The dissolved phosphorus and Fe binding phosphorus in sediments played the most important roles (r > 0.90, P < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sui
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan 430030, China
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Abstract
The phospholipid monolayer at an air/water interface is widely used to mimic the biological membrane. The dynamic process of the protein or peptide interacting with lipid molecules can be reflected in the change in surface pressure of the monolayer. But the conventional method used to measure the surface pressure change gives results that cannot easily be correlated with the contribution of a single protein molecule. Previously, measuring the surface concentration of the protein molecules at the air/water interface has required the protein to be labeled with radioactivity or fluorescence. Here, a new method using capillary electrophoresis is introduced to measure the surface concentration of the protein. The results show at least two advantages of the new method: The numerical results of protein concentration can be obtained in a more precise and rapid way; and there is no need to label the protein sample or to build a special monolayer setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
ArsA protein is the soluble subunit of the Ars anion pump in the Escherichia coli membrane which extrudes arsenite or antimonite from the cytoplasm. The molecular weight of the subunit is 63 kDa. In the cell it hydrolyzes ATP, and the energy released is used by the membrane-bound subunit ArsB to transport the substrates across the membrane. We have obtained two-dimensional crystals of ArsA in the presence of arsenite on negatively-charged lipid monolayer composed of DMPS and DOPC. These crystals have been studied using electron microscopy of negatively-stained specimens followed by image processing. The projection map obtained at 2.4 nm resolution reveals a ring-like structure with threefold symmetry. Many molecular assemblies with the same ring-shape and dimensions were also seen dispersed on electron microscopy grids, prepared directly from purified ArsA protein solution. Size-exclusion chromatography of the protein sample with arsenite present revealed that the majority of the protein particles in solution have a molecular weight of about 180 kDa. Based on these experiments, we conclude that in solution the ArsA ATPase with substrate bound is mainly in a trimeric form.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane & Membrane Biotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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Abstract
As a member of the pentraxin family, C-reactive protein plays various roles in the nonspecific immunity of animals. Though soluble, C-reactive protein always functions on membranes. In order to study the structure of the membrane-bound protein and the reaction between protein and membranes, two-dimensional (2D) crystallization of rabbit C-reactive protein on lipid monolayers was performed. The 2D crystals composed of pentameric proteins were obtained on lipid monolayers by specific adsorption for the first time. The projection map at 26-A resolution is presented, which exhibits P2 symmetry with lattice parameters a = 158(+/-3) A, b = 92(+/-1) A, and gamma = 107(+/-1) degrees. The current work may give a basis for the further study on the structure of complexes made up of C-reactive protein with its functional binding molecules on membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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16
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Abstract
Apolipoprotein H (ApoH) is a plasma glycoprotein with its in vivo physiological and pathogenic roles being closely related to its interaction with negatively charged membranes. In this paper, the interaction of ApoH with phospholipid vesicles was characterized by (i) detecting the wavelength shift of the fluorescence spectrum of ApoH and (ii) measuring the fluorescence quenching extent of ApoH by the membrane resident quencher 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-(5-doxyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPC). The observed blue shift upon addition of DMPG vesicles indicated that the tryptophan residues of ApoH moved from a polar to a nonpolar environment. The insertion ability of ApoH into PG-containing vesicles did not depend on the PG content in a stoichiometric way as did the blue shift, indicating that the negatively charged DMPG does not serve as a specific binding site but rather provides a suitable microenvironment for ApoH interaction. The finding that the detachment effect of cations on the blue shift is remarkably different from that on the quenching extent suggests that ApoH is capable of existing in two different conformations when membrane-bound.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Wang
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane, Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the binding of gp41 with the putative receptor protein P62. DESIGN HIV-1 gp41 binds several cellular proteins by two binding sites, one of which has been shown to bind to a putative receptor protein P45 (45 kDa). Based on this, an attempt was made to determine the relationship between the two binding sites and P62 (62 kDa). METHODS Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurement, the interaction was measured between recombinant soluble gp41 (rsgp41, Env aa539-684) and protein P62. Inhibition of this interaction was attempted by the use of synthetic peptides (P1, aa583-599; P2, aa646-674) corresponding to the two binding sites in gp41. In addition, the direct binding of P62 to peptide P2 was examined in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Using SPR measurement, the interaction between P62 and rsgp41 was confirmed, and the interaction was found to be inhibited by only the synthetic peptide P2 sequence that corresponds to the C domain of gp41; neither P1 nor a control peptide inhibited the interaction. Moreover, like rsgp41, P2 was able to bind P62 whereas P1 and another recombinant gp41 (aa567-648 that does not include the C domain) were not. CONCLUSIONS P62 bound rsgp41 and the synthetic peptide P2. This interaction could be inhibited only by P2. These results indicate that the C domain of HIV-1 gp41 binds P62.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Chen
- School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Sui S. Practical Determination of Organ S Values for Individual Patients for Therapy. Nucl Med Biol 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sui S, Wei J, Shi Q. [Determination of composition of electronic material by fundamental parameter method of XRF]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 1997; 17:99-104. [PMID: 15810229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental parameters (FP) method of XRF in determination of the composition of electronic ceramic materials is studied. The fundamental parameters needed in calculation are developed by math calculation and the program is developed in C language. The method can also be used in determination of the composition of alloy. Some samples are analysed by this method and the relative derivation is less than 3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sui
- University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, 610054 Chengdu
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