1
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Rots D, Rooney K, Relator R, Kerkhof J, McConkey H, Pfundt R, Marcelis C, Willemsen MH, van Hagen JM, Zwijnenburg P, Alders M, Õunap K, Reimand T, Fjodorova O, Berland S, Liahjell EB, Bojovic O, Kriek M, Ruivenkamp C, Bonati MT, Brunner HG, Vissers LELM, Sadikovic B, Kleefstra T. Refining the 9q34.3 microduplication syndrome reveals mild neurodevelopmental features associated with a distinct global DNA methylation profile. Clin Genet 2024; 105:655-660. [PMID: 38384171 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Precise regulation of gene expression is important for correct neurodevelopment. 9q34.3 deletions affecting the EHMT1 gene result in a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder named Kleefstra syndrome. In contrast, duplications of the 9q34.3 locus encompassing EHMT1 have been suggested to cause developmental disorders, but only limited information has been available. We have identified 15 individuals from 10 unrelated families, with 9q34.3 duplications <1.5 Mb in size, encompassing EHMT1 entirely. Clinical features included mild developmental delay, mild intellectual disability or learning problems, autism spectrum disorder, and behavior problems. The individuals did not consistently display dysmorphic features, congenital anomalies, or growth abnormalities. DNA methylation analysis revealed a weak DNAm profile for the cases with 9q34.3 duplication encompassing EHMT1, which could segregate the majority of the affected cases from controls. This study shows that individuals with 9q34.3 duplications including EHMT1 gene present with mild non-syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders and DNA methylation changes different from Kleefstra syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrijs Rots
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics Radboudumc, Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Genetics Laboratory, Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kathleen Rooney
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raissa Relator
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kerkhof
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haley McConkey
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Marcelis
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johanna M van Hagen
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Zwijnenburg
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marielle Alders
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetics and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiia Reimand
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Genetics and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Olga Fjodorova
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Genetics and Personalized Medicine Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Mental Health, Møre og Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund, Norway
| | | | - Ognjen Bojovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marjolein Kriek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics Radboudumc, Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics Radboudumc, Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Al-Kateb H, Au PYB, Berland S, Cogne B, Demurger F, Fluss J, Isidor B, Frank LM, Varvagiannis K, Koolen DA, McDonald M, Montgomery S, Moortgat S, Deprez M, Karadurmus D, Paulsen J, Reis A, Rieger M, Vasileiou G, Willing M, Shinawi M. CAMTA1-related disorder: Phenotypic and molecular characterization of 26 new individuals and literature review. Clin Genet 2024; 105:294-301. [PMID: 38044714 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin-binding transcriptional activator 1 (CAMTA1) is highly expressed in the brain and plays a role in cell cycle regulation, cell differentiation, regulation of long-term memory, and initial development, maturation, and survival of cerebellar neurons. The existence of human neurological phenotypes, including cerebellar dysfunction with variable cognitive and behavioral abnormalities (CECBA), associated with CAMTA1 variants, has further supported its role in brain functions. In this study, we phenotypically and molecularly characterize the largest cohort of individuals (n = 26) with 23 novel CAMTA1 variants (frameshift-7, nonsense-6, splicing-1, initiation codon-1, missense-5, and intragenic deletions-3) and compare the findings with all previously reported cases (total = 53). We show that the most notable phenotypic findings are developmental delay/intellectual disability, unsteady or uncoordinated gait, hypotonia, behavioral problems, and eye abnormalities. In addition, there is a high incidence of dysarthria, dysgraphia, microcephaly, gastrointestinal abnormalities, sleep difficulties, and nonspecific brain MRI findings; a few of which have been under-reported. More than one third of the variants in this cohort were inherited from an asymptomatic or mildly affected parent suggesting reduced penetrance and variable expressivity. Our cohort provides a comprehensive characterization of the spectrum of phenotypes and genotypes among individuals with CECBA and the large data will facilitate counseling and formulating management plans and surveillance recommendations for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Al-Kateb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - P Y Billie Au
- University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of medical genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Benjamin Cogne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de G'en'etique M'edicale, Nantes, France
| | | | - Joel Fluss
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Service de G'en'etique M'edicale, Nantes, France
| | - L Matthew Frank
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Konstantinos Varvagiannis
- Genetic Medicine division, Diagnostic Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève (CH), Switzerland
| | - David A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie McDonald
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Stéphanie Moortgat
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marie Deprez
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Deniz Karadurmus
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Julie Paulsen
- Department of medical genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melissa Rieger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georgia Vasileiou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marcia Willing
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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3
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Vogt EC, Bratland E, Berland S, Berentsen R, Lund A, Björnsdottir S, Husebye E, Øksnes M. Improving diagnostic precision in primary ovarian insufficiency using comprehensive genetic and autoantibody testing. Hum Reprod 2024; 39:177-189. [PMID: 37953503 PMCID: PMC10767963 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is it possible to find the cause of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in more women by extensive screening? SUMMARY ANSWER Adding next generation sequencing techniques including a POI-associated gene panel, extended whole exome sequencing data, as well as specific autoantibody assays to the recommended diagnostic investigations increased the determination of a potential etiological diagnosis of POI from 11% to 41%. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY POI affects ∼1% of women. Clinical presentations and pathogenic mechanisms are heterogeneous and include genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors, but the underlying etiology remains unknown in the majority of cases. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Prospective cross-sectional study of 100 women with newly diagnosed POI of unknown cause consecutively referred to Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, January 2019 to December 2021. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS In addition to standard recommended diagnostic investigations including screening for chromosomal anomalies and premutations in the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) we used whole exome sequencing, including targeted analysis of 103 ovarian-related genes, and assays of autoantibodies against steroid cell antigens. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We identified chromosomal aberrations in 8%, FMR1 premutations in 3%, genetic variants related to POI in 16%, and autoimmune POI in 3%. Furthermore in 11% we identified POI associated genetic Variants of unknown signifcance (VUS). A homozygous pathogenic variant in the ZSWIM7 gene (NM_001042697.2) was found in two women, corroborating this as a novel cause of monogenic POI. No associations between phenotypes and genotypes were found. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Use of candidate genetic and autoimmune markers limit the possibility to discover new markers. To further investigate the genetic variants, family studies would have been useful. We found a relatively high proportion of genetic variants in women from Africa and lack of genetic diversity in the genomic databases can impact diagnostic accuracy. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Since no specific clinical or biochemical markers predicted the underlying cause of POI discussion of which tests should be part of diagnostic screening in clinical practice remains open. New technology has altered the availability and effectiveness of genetic testing, and cost-effectiveness analyses are required to aid sustainable diagnostics. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was supported by grants and fellowships from Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen, the Novonordisk Foundation, the Norwegian Research Council, University of Bergen, and the Regional Health Authorities of Western Norway. The authors declare no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04082169.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor Chelsom Vogt
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eirik Bratland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Berentsen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Agnethe Lund
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sigridur Björnsdottir
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eystein Husebye
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marianne Øksnes
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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4
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Jamali A, Kristensen E, Tangeraas T, Arntsen V, Sikiric A, Kupliauskiene G, Myren-Svelstad S, Berland S, Sejersted Y, Gerstner T, Hassel B, Bindoff LA, Brodtkorb E. Corrigendum to "The spectrum of pyridoxine dependent epilepsy across the age span: A nationwide retrospective observational study" [Epilepsy Res. 190 (2023) 107099]. Epilepsy Res 2023; 198:107113. [PMID: 36906427 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jamali
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erle Kristensen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Trine Tangeraas
- Norwegian National Unit for Newborn Screening, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vibeke Arntsen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alma Sikiric
- Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guste Kupliauskiene
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sverre Myren-Svelstad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yngve Sejersted
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thorsten Gerstner
- Department of Child Neurology and Rehabilitation, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | - Bjørnar Hassel
- Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eylert Brodtkorb
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
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5
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Jain V, Foo SH, Chooi S, Moss C, Goodwin R, Berland S, Clarke AJ, Davies SJ, Corrin S, Murch O, Doyle S, Graham GE, Greenhalgh L, Holder SE, Johnson D, Kumar A, Ladda RL, Sell S, Begtrup A, Lynch SA, McCann E, Østern R, Pottinger C, Splitt M, Fry AE. Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome: delineating the clinical and allelic spectrum in 14 new families. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1421-1429. [PMID: 37704779 PMCID: PMC10689765 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS) is an X-linked intellectual disability syndrome caused by variants in the PHF6 gene. We ascertained 19 individuals from 15 families with likely pathogenic or pathogenic PHF6 variants (11 males and 8 females). One family had previously been reported. Six variants were novel. We analysed the clinical and genetic findings in our series and compared them with reported BFLS patients. Affected males had classic features of BFLS including intellectual disability, distinctive facies, large ears, gynaecomastia, hypogonadism and truncal obesity. Carrier female relatives of affected males were unaffected or had only mild symptoms. The phenotype of affected females with de novo variants overlapped with the males but included linear skin hyperpigmentation and a higher frequency of dental, retinal and cortical brain anomalies. Complications observed in our series included keloid scarring, digital fibromas, absent vaginal orifice, neuropathy, umbilical hernias, and talipes. Our analysis highlighted sex-specific differences in PHF6 variant types and locations. Affected males often have missense variants or small in-frame deletions while affected females tend to have truncating variants or large deletions/duplications. Missense variants were found in a minority of affected females and clustered in the highly constrained PHD2 domain of PHF6. We propose recommendations for the evaluation and management of BFLS patients. These results further delineate and extend the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of BFLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Jain
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK.
| | - Seow Hoong Foo
- Department of Dermatology, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Gleneagles Hospital Medini, Nusajaya, 79250, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Stephen Chooi
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park Campus, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Celia Moss
- Department of Dermatology, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Richard Goodwin
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, NP20 2UB, UK
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Angus J Clarke
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Sally J Davies
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Sian Corrin
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Oliver Murch
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Samantha Doyle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, D12 N512, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin, D02 YH21, Ireland
| | - Gail E Graham
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Lynn Greenhalgh
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK
| | - Susan E Holder
- North West Thames Regional Genetic Service, Kennedy Galton Centre, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, HA1 3UJ, UK
| | - Diana Johnson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, S5 7AU, UK
| | - Ajith Kumar
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Roger L Ladda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA
| | - Susan Sell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA
| | | | - Sally A Lynch
- Department of Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, D12 N512, Ireland
| | - Emma McCann
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK
| | - Rune Østern
- Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Caroline Pottinger
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Andrew E Fry
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK.
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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6
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Jamali A, Kristensen E, Tangeraas T, Arntsen V, Sikiric A, Kupliauskiene G, Myren-Svelstad S, Berland S, Sejersted Y, Gerstner T, Hassel B, Bindoff LA, Brodtkorb E. The spectrum of pyridoxine dependent epilepsy across the age span: A nationwide retrospective observational study. Epilepsy Res 2023; 190:107099. [PMID: 36731270 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare seizure disorder usually presenting with neonatal seizures. Most cases are caused by biallelic pathogenic ALDH7A1variants. While anti-seizure medications are ineffective, pyridoxine provides seizure control, and dietary interventions may be of benefit. As the natural history beyond adolescence is insufficiently explored, our study aimed to assess the spectrum of PDE at various ages in Norway. METHODS Patients were ascertained by contacting all Norwegian paediatric, neurological, and neurohabilitation departments and relevant professional societies. Medical records were collected and reviewed. RESULTS We identified 15 patients treated for PDE; 13 had ALDH7A1 variants (PDE-ALDH7A1), one had PNPO deficiency, and in one, aetiology remained obscure. Of those with PDE-ALDH7A1, 12 were alive at time of study; five were > 18 years old and six were < 4 years. Median age was 10 years (range 2 months-53 years). Estimated minimum prevalence was 6.3/million among children and 1.2/million among adults. Ten had seizure onset on the first day of life. Perinatal complications and neuroradiological abnormalities suggested additional seizure aetiologies in several patients. Pyridoxine had immediate effect in six, while six had delayed (>1 h) or uncertain effect. Median delay from first seizure to continuous treatment was 11 days (range 0-42). Nine experienced breakthrough seizures with intercurrent disease or due to pyridoxine discontinuation. Cognitive outcomes ranged from normal to severe intellectual disability. The condition appeared to remain stable in adult life. SIGNIFICANCE We found a much higher prevalence of PDE-ALDH7A1 in children relative to adults, suggesting previous underdiagnosis and early mortality. Perinatal complications are common and can delay diagnosis and initiation of pyridoxine treatment. Lifelong and continuous treatment with pyridoxine is imperative. Due to better diagnostics and survival, the number of adult patients is expected to rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jamali
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erle Kristensen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Trine Tangeraas
- Norwegian National Unit for Newborn Screening, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vibeke Arntsen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alma Sikiric
- Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guste Kupliauskiene
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sverre Myren-Svelstad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yngve Sejersted
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thorsten Gerstner
- Department of Child Neurology and Rehabilitation, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | - Bjørnar Hassel
- Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eylert Brodtkorb
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
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7
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Ross DA, Berland S, Helland CA, Pettersson DR. Possible association of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome I and intracranial subependymoma. Clin Genet 2023; 103:717-719. [PMID: 36648078 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Trichorhinophalangeal syndromes (TRPSs) are rare hereditary syndromes with autosomal dominant inheritance. Patients exhibit abnormalities including bulbous pear-shaped nose, broad columella, and long and flat philtrum, fine, sparse, brittle, slow-growing scalp hair, skeletal abnormalities, and short stature. Three families; age at subependymoma surgery, pathogenic TRPS1(NM_014112.5) variant, and subependymoma number are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Ross
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Operative Care Division, Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - David R Pettersson
- Department of Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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8
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Gerber CB, Fliedner A, Bartsch O, Berland S, Dewenter M, Haug M, Hayes I, Marin‐Reina P, Mark PR, Martinez‐Castellano F, Maystadt I, Karadurmus D, Steindl K, Wiesener A, Zweier M, Sticht H, Zweier C. Further characterization of
Borjeson‐Forssman‐Lehmann
syndrome in females due to
de novo
variants in
PHF6
. Clin Genet 2022; 102:182-190. [PMID: 35662002 PMCID: PMC9543785 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While inherited hemizygous variants in PHF6 cause X‐linked recessive Borjeson‐Forssman‐Lehmann syndrome (BFLS) in males, de novo heterozygous variants in females are associated with an overlapping but distinct phenotype, including moderate to severe intellectual disability, characteristic facial dysmorphism, dental, finger and toe anomalies, and linear skin pigmentation. By personal communication with colleagues, we assembled 11 additional females with BFLS due to variants in PHF6. We confirm the distinct phenotype to include variable intellectual disability, recognizable facial dysmorphism and other anomalies. We observed skewed X‐inactivation in blood and streaky skin pigmentation compatible with functional mosaicism. Variants occurred de novo in 10 individuals, of whom one was only mildly affected and transmitted it to her more severely affected daughter. The mutational spectrum comprises a two‐exon deletion, five truncating, one splice‐site and three missense variants, the latter all located in the PHD2 domain and predicted to severely destabilize the domain structure. This observation supports the hypothesis of more severe variants in females contributing to gender‐specific phenotypes in addition to or in combination with effects of X‐inactivation and functional mosaicism. Therefore, our findings further delineate the clinical and mutational spectrum of female BFLS and provide further insights into possible genotype–phenotype correlations between females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline B. Gerber
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Anna Fliedner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Oliver Bartsch
- Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - Malin Dewenter
- Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Marte Haug
- Department of Medical Genetics St. Olav's University Hospital Trondheim Norway
| | - Ian Hayes
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand, Auckland Hospital Auckland New Zealand
| | - Purificacion Marin‐Reina
- Genetics Unit / Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Paul R. Mark
- Spectrum Health Division of Medical and Molecular Genetics Grand Rapids Michigan USA
| | - Francisco Martinez‐Castellano
- Genetics Unit / Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Isabelle Maystadt
- Center for Human Genetics Institute of Pathology and Genetics Gosselies Belgium
| | - Deniz Karadurmus
- Center for Human Genetics Institute of Pathology and Genetics Gosselies Belgium
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren‐Zurich Switzerland
| | - Antje Wiesener
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Markus Zweier
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren‐Zurich Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
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9
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Corder ML, Berland S, Førsvoll JA, Banerjee I, Murray P, Bratland E, Gokhale D, Houge G, Douzgou S. Truncating and zinc-finger variants in GLI2 are associated with hypopituitarism. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1065-1074. [PMID: 34921505 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Variants in transcription factor GLI2 have been associated with hypopituitarism and structural brain abnormalities, occasionally including holoprosencephaly (HPE). Substantial phenotypic variability and nonpenetrance have been described, posing difficulties in the counseling of affected families. We present three individuals with novel likely pathogenic GLI2 variants, two with truncating and one with a de novo missense variant p.(Ser548Leu), and review the literature for comprehensive phenotypic descriptions of individuals with confirmed pathogenic (a) intragenic GLI2 variants and (b) chromosome 2q14.2 deletions encompassing only GLI2. We show that most of the 31 missense variants previously reported as pathogenic are likely benign or, at most, low-risk variants. Four Zn-finger variants: p.(Arg479Gly), p.(Arg516Pro), p.(Gly518Lys), and p.(Tyr575His) were classified as likely pathogenic, and three other variants as possibly pathogenic: p.(Pro253Ser), p.(Ala593Val), and p.(Pro1243Leu). We analyze the phenotypic descriptions of 60 individuals with pathogenic GLI2 variants and evidence a morbidity spectrum that includes hypopituitarism (58%), HPE (6%) or other brain structure abnormalities (15%), orofacial clefting (17%) and dysmorphic facial features (35%). We establish that truncating and Zn-finger variants in GLI2 are associated with a high risk of hypopituitarism, and that a solitary median maxillary central incisor is part of the GLI2-related phenotypic variability. The most prevalent phenotypic feature is post-axial polydactyly (65%) which is also the mildest phenotypic expression of the condition, reported in many parents of individuals with systemic findings. Our approach clarifies clinical risks and the important messages to discuss in counseling for a pathogenic GLI2 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Corder
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jostein A Førsvoll
- Department of Pediatrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Indraneel Banerjee
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Phil Murray
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Eirik Bratland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - David Gokhale
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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10
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Lybaek H, Robson M, de Leeuw N, Hehir-Kwa JY, Jeffries A, Haukanes BI, Berland S, de Bruijn D, Mundlos S, Spielmann M, Houge G. LRFN5 locus structure is associated with autism and influenced by the sex of the individual and locus conversions. Autism Res 2022; 15:421-433. [PMID: 35088940 PMCID: PMC9305582 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
LRFN5 is a regulator of synaptic development and the only gene in a 5.4 Mb mammalian‐specific conserved topologically associating domain (TAD); the LRFN5 locus. An association between locus structural changes and developmental delay (DD) and/or autism was suggested by several cases in DECIPHER and own records. More significantly, we found that maternal inheritance of a specific LRFN5 locus haplotype segregated with an identical type of autism in distantly related males. This autism‐susceptibility haplotype had a specific TAD pattern. We also found a male/female quantitative difference in the amount histone‐3‐lysine‐9‐associated chromatin around the LRFN5 gene itself (p < 0.01), possibly related to the male‐restricted autism susceptibility. To better understand locus behavior, the prevalence of a 60 kb deletion polymorphism was investigated. Surprisingly, in three cohorts of individuals with DD (n = 8757), the number of deletion heterozygotes was 20%–26% lower than expected from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. This suggests allelic interaction, also because the conversions from heterozygosity to wild‐type or deletion homozygosity were of equal magnitudes. Remarkably, in a control group of medical students (n = 1416), such conversions were three times more common (p = 0.00001), suggesting a regulatory role of this allelic interaction. Taken together, LRFN5 regulation appears unusually complex, and LRFN5 dysregulation could be an epigenetic cause of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Lybaek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Michael Robson
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole de Leeuw
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bjørn Ivar Haukanes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Diederik de Bruijn
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine K2, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Honorary Chair of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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11
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Murch O, Jain V, Benneche A, Metcalfe K, Hobson E, Prescott K, Chandler K, Ghali N, Carmichael J, Foulds NC, Paulsen J, Smeland MF, Berland S, Fry AE. Further delineation of the clinical spectrum of White-Sutton syndrome: 12 new individuals and a review of the literature. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:95-100. [PMID: 34645992 PMCID: PMC8738758 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-021-00961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
White-Sutton syndrome (WHSUS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by heterozygous loss-of-function variants in POGZ. Through the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study and clinical testing, we identified 12 individuals from 10 families with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in POGZ (eight de novo and two inherited). Most individuals had delayed development and/or intellectual disability. We analyzed the clinical findings in our series and combined it with data from 89 previously reported individuals. The results demonstrate WHSUS is associated with variable developmental delay or intellectual disability, increased risk of obesity, visual defects, craniofacial dysmorphism, sensorineural hearing loss, feeding problems, seizures, and structural brain malformations. Our series includes further individuals with rod-cone dystrophy, cleft lip and palate, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and duplicated renal drainage system, suggesting these are rare complications of WHSUS. In addition, we describe an individual with a novel, de novo missense variant in POGZ and features of WHSUS. Our work further delineates the phenotypic spectrum of WHSUS highlighting the variable severity of this disorder and the observation of familial pathogenic POGZ variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Murch
- grid.241103.50000 0001 0169 7725Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vani Jain
- grid.241103.50000 0001 0169 7725Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andreas Benneche
- grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- grid.416523.70000 0004 0641 2620Manchester Centre for Genomics Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Emma Hobson
- grid.413818.70000 0004 0426 1312Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Katrina Prescott
- grid.413818.70000 0004 0426 1312Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kate Chandler
- grid.416523.70000 0004 0641 2620Manchester Centre for Genomics Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Neeti Ghali
- grid.439803.5North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Jenny Carmichael
- grid.416531.40000 0004 0398 9723Oxford Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, UK
| | - Nicola C. Foulds
- grid.430506.4Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Julie Paulsen
- grid.52522.320000 0004 0627 3560Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie F. Smeland
- grid.412244.50000 0004 4689 5540Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of North Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrew E. Fry
- grid.241103.50000 0001 0169 7725Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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12
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Berland S, Jareld J, Hickson N, Schlecht H, Houge G, Douzgou S. The blended phenotype of a germline RIT1 and a mosaic PIK3CA variant. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 7:mcs.a006121. [PMID: 34887308 PMCID: PMC8751416 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a patient with a germline RIT1 and a mosaic PIK3CA variant. The diagnosis of the RASopathy was confirmed by targeted sequencing following the identification of transient cardiomyopathy in a patient with PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). Our observation confirms that the PIK3CA gain-of-function (GoF) variant effects dominate those of the RASopathy, and the resulting blended phenotype mostly resembles megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome (MCAP PROS). There appears to be interaction between RIT1 and PI3K-AKT because the latter pathway is needed for the growth-promoting activity of the first, at least in adenocarcinomas, but the details of this interaction are not known. If so, the PIK3CA somatic variant may not be just a chance event. It could also be of etiological relevance that Rit activation mediates resistance to cellular stress—that is, promotes cell survival. This anti-apoptotic effect could also make it more likely that a cell that spontaneously acquires a PIK3CA GoF variant will survive and proliferate. We aim to encourage clinicians to investigate atypical findings in individuals with PROS. If further similar cases are reported, this would suggest that the establishment of PROS mosaicism is facilitated by the background of a RASopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jørgen Jareld
- Department of Paediatrics, Ålesund Hospital, Møre and Romsdal Health Trust, 6026, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Nicholas Hickson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Helene Schlecht
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, M13 9WL, United Kingdom.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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13
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Berland S, Rustad CF, Bentsen MHL, Wollen EJ, Turowski G, Johansson S, Houge G, Haukanes BI. Double paternal uniparental isodisomy 7 and 15 presenting with Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum features. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 7:mcs.a006113. [PMID: 34615670 PMCID: PMC8751407 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe for the first time double paternal uniparental isodisomy (iUPD) 7 and 15 in a baby boy with features in the Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome spectrum (BWSp) (placentomegaly, hyperinsulinism, enlarged viscera, hemangiomas, and earlobe creases) in addition to conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. His phenotype was also reminiscent of genome-wide paternal uniparental isodisomy. We discuss the most likely origin of the UPDs: a maternal double monosomy 7 and 15 rescued by duplication of the paternal chromosomes after fertilization. So far, paternal UPD7 is not associated with an abnormal phenotype, whereas paternal UPD15 causes Angelman syndrome. Methylation analysis for other clinically relevant imprinting disorders, including BWSp, was normal. Therefore, we hypothesized that the double UPD affected other imprinted genes. To look for such effects, patient fibroblast RNA was isolated and analyzed for differential expression compared to six controls. We did not find apparent transcription differences in imprinted genes outside Chromosomes 7 and 15 in patient fibroblast. PEG10 (7q21.3) was the only paternally imprinted gene on these chromosomes up-regulated beyond double-dose expectation (sixfold). We speculate that a high PEG10 level could have a growth-promoting effect as his phenotype was not related to aberrations in BWS locus on 11p15.5 after DNA, RNA, and methylation testing. However, many genes in gene sets associated with growth were up-regulated. This case broadens the phenotypic spectrum of UPDs but does not show evidence of involvement of an imprinted gene network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie F Rustad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mariann H L Bentsen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Embjørg J Wollen
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital HF, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gitta Turowski
- Department of Pathology, Center for Perinatal and Pregnancy-Related Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Ullevål, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn I Haukanes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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14
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Lyons O, Walker J, Seet C, Ikram M, Kuchta A, Arnold A, Hernández-Vásquez M, Frye M, Vizcay-Barrena G, Fleck RA, Patel AS, Padayachee S, Mortimer P, Jeffery S, Berland S, Mansour S, Ostergaard P, Makinen T, Modarai B, Saha P, Smith A. Mutations in EPHB4 cause human venous valve aplasia. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e140952. [PMID: 34403370 PMCID: PMC8492339 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous valve (VV) failure causes chronic venous insufficiency, but the molecular regulation of valve development is poorly understood. A primary lymphatic anomaly, caused by mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase EPHB4, was recently described, with these patients also presenting with venous insufficiency. Whether the venous anomalies are the result of an effect on VVs is not known. VV formation requires complex "organization" of valve-forming endothelial cells, including their reorientation perpendicular to the direction of blood flow. Using quantitative ultrasound, we identified substantial VV aplasia and deep venous reflux in patients with mutations in EPHB4. We used a GFP reporter in mice to study expression of its ligand, ephrinB2, and analyzed developmental phenotypes after conditional deletion of floxed Ephb4 and Efnb2 alleles. EphB4 and ephrinB2 expression patterns were dynamically regulated around organizing valve-forming cells. Efnb2 deletion disrupted the normal endothelial expression patterns of the gap junction proteins connexin37 and connexin43 (both required for normal valve development) around reorientating valve-forming cells and produced deficient valve-forming cell elongation, reorientation, polarity, and proliferation. Ephb4 was also required for valve-forming cell organization and subsequent growth of the valve leaflets. These results uncover a potentially novel cause of primary human VV aplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Lyons
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Walker
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Seet
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Ikram
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Kuchta
- Department of Ultrasonic Angiology, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Arnold
- Department of Ultrasonic Angiology, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Magda Hernández-Vásquez
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Maike Frye
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Gema Vizcay-Barrena
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roland A. Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish S. Patel
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Soundrie Padayachee
- Department of Ultrasonic Angiology, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Mortimer
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Jeffery
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sahar Mansour
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St. George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Taija Makinen
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Bijan Modarai
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prakash Saha
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Smith
- Academic Department of Vascular Surgery, Section of Vascular Risk and Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Holtan JP, Aukrust I, Jansson RW, Berland S, Bruland O, Gjerde BL, Stokowy T, Bojovic O, Forsaa V, Austeng D, Rødahl E, Bredrup C, Knappskog PM, Bragadóttir R. Clinical features and molecular genetics of patients with ABCA4-retinal dystrophies. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e733-e746. [PMID: 33258285 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathogenic variations in the ABCA4 gene are a leading cause of vision loss in patients with inherited retinal diseases. ABCA4-retinal dystrophies are clinically heterogeneous, presenting with mild to severe degeneration of the retina. The purpose of this study was to clinically and genetically characterize patients with ABCA4-retinal dystrophies in Norway and describe phenotype-genotype associations. METHODS ABCA4 variants were detected in 111 patients with inherited retinal disease undergoing diagnostic genetic testing over a period of 12 years. In patients where only a single ABCA4 variant was found, whole-gene ABCA4 sequencing was performed and intronic variants were investigated by mRNA analyses in fibroblasts. Medical journals were used to obtain a clinical description and ultrawidefield autofluorescence images were used to analyse retinal degeneration patterns. RESULTS The genetic diagnostic yield was 89%. The intronic splice variant c.5461-10T>C was the most prevalent disease-causing variant (27%). Whole-gene ABCA4 sequencing detected two novel intronic variants (c.6729+81G>T and c.6817-679C>A) that we showed affected mRNA splicing. Peripheral retinal degeneration was identified in 33% of patients and was associated with genotypes that included severe loss of function variants. By contrast, peripheral degeneration was not found in patients with a disease duration over 20 years and genotypes including p.(Asn1868lle), c.4253+43G>A or p.(Gly1961Glu) in trans with a loss of function variant. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of ABCA4-retinal dystrophies in Norway. Further, the study presents novel variants and increases our knowledge on phenotype-genotype associations and the presence of peripheral retinal degeneration in ABCA4-retinal dystrophy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Prener Holtan
- Department of Ophthalmology Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Ingvild Aukrust
- Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | | | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - Ove Bruland
- Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | | | - Tomasz Stokowy
- Genomics Core Facility Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Ognjen Bojovic
- Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - Vegard Forsaa
- Department of Ophthalmology Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
| | - Dordi Austeng
- Department of Ophthalmology St. Olav University Hospital Trondheim Norway
| | - Eyvind Rødahl
- Department of Ophthalmology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Cecilie Bredrup
- Department of Ophthalmology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Per Morten Knappskog
- Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Ragnheiður Bragadóttir
- Department of Ophthalmology Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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16
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Martin-Almedina S, Ogmen K, Sackey E, Grigoriadis D, Karapouliou C, Nadarajah N, Ebbing C, Lord J, Mellis R, Kortuem F, Dinulos MB, Polun C, Bale S, Atton G, Robinson A, Reigstad H, Houge G, von der Wense A, Becker WH, Jeffery S, Mortimer PS, Gordon K, Josephs KS, Robart S, Kilby MD, Vallee S, Gorski JL, Hempel M, Berland S, Mansour S, Ostergaard P. Correction: Janus-faced EPHB4-associated disorders: novel pathogenic variants and unreported intrafamilial overlapping phenotypes. Genet Med 2021; 23:1376-1377. [PMID: 34040196 PMCID: PMC8257488 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazim Ogmen
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Ege Sackey
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Dionysios Grigoriadis
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Christina Karapouliou
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Noeline Nadarajah
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Cathrine Ebbing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Rhiannon Mellis
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Fanny Kortuem
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mary Beth Dinulos
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Cassandra Polun
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sherri Bale
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Giles Atton
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Robinson
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hallvard Reigstad
- Neonatal intensive care unit, Children's Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Axel von der Wense
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Altona Children's Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Steve Jeffery
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Peter S Mortimer
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kristiana Gordon
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katherine S Josephs
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Robart
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- The Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephanie Vallee
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jerome L Gorski
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sahar Mansour
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. .,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.
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17
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Mannucci I, Dang NDP, Huber H, Murry JB, Abramson J, Althoff T, Banka S, Baynam G, Bearden D, Beleza-Meireles A, Benke PJ, Berland S, Bierhals T, Bilan F, Bindoff LA, Braathen GJ, Busk ØL, Chenbhanich J, Denecke J, Escobar LF, Estes C, Fleischer J, Groepper D, Haaxma CA, Hempel M, Holler-Managan Y, Houge G, Jackson A, Kellogg L, Keren B, Kiraly-Borri C, Kraus C, Kubisch C, Le Guyader G, Ljungblad UW, Brenman LM, Martinez-Agosto JA, Might M, Miller DT, Minks KQ, Moghaddam B, Nava C, Nelson SF, Parant JM, Prescott T, Rajabi F, Randrianaivo H, Reiter SF, Schuurs-Hoeijmakers J, Shieh PB, Slavotinek A, Smithson S, Stegmann APA, Tomczak K, Tveten K, Wang J, Whitlock JH, Zweier C, McWalter K, Juusola J, Quintero-Rivera F, Fischer U, Yeo NC, Kreienkamp HJ, Lessel D. Genotype-phenotype correlations and novel molecular insights into the DHX30-associated neurodevelopmental disorders. Genome Med 2021; 13:90. [PMID: 34020708 PMCID: PMC8140440 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to define the clinical and variant spectrum and to provide novel molecular insights into the DHX30-associated neurodevelopmental disorder. Methods Clinical and genetic data from affected individuals were collected through Facebook-based family support group, GeneMatcher, and our network of collaborators. We investigated the impact of novel missense variants with respect to ATPase and helicase activity, stress granule (SG) formation, global translation, and their effect on embryonic development in zebrafish. SG formation was additionally analyzed in CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DHX30-deficient HEK293T and zebrafish models, along with in vivo behavioral assays. Results We identified 25 previously unreported individuals, ten of whom carry novel variants, two of which are recurrent, and provide evidence of gonadal mosaicism in one family. All 19 individuals harboring heterozygous missense variants within helicase core motifs (HCMs) have global developmental delay, intellectual disability, severe speech impairment, and gait abnormalities. These variants impair the ATPase and helicase activity of DHX30, trigger SG formation, interfere with global translation, and cause developmental defects in a zebrafish model. Notably, 4 individuals harboring heterozygous variants resulting either in haploinsufficiency or truncated proteins presented with a milder clinical course, similar to an individual harboring a de novo mosaic HCM missense variant. Functionally, we established DHX30 as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase and as an evolutionary conserved factor in SG assembly. Based on the clinical course, the variant location, and type we establish two distinct clinical subtypes. DHX30 loss-of-function variants cause a milder phenotype whereas a severe phenotype is caused by HCM missense variants that, in addition to the loss of ATPase and helicase activity, lead to a detrimental gain-of-function with respect to SG formation. Behavioral characterization of dhx30-deficient zebrafish revealed altered sleep-wake activity and social interaction, partially resembling the human phenotype. Conclusions Our study highlights the usefulness of social media to define novel Mendelian disorders and exemplifies how functional analyses accompanied by clinical and genetic findings can define clinically distinct subtypes for ultra-rare disorders. Such approaches require close interdisciplinary collaboration between families/legal representatives of the affected individuals, clinicians, molecular genetics diagnostic laboratories, and research laboratories. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-021-00900-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Mannucci
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nghi D P Dang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA
| | - Hannes Huber
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter of the University of Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jaclyn B Murry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeff Abramson
- Department of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thorsten Althoff
- Department of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - David Bearden
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ana Beleza-Meireles
- Clinical Genetics Department, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul J Benke
- Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL, USA
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tatjana Bierhals
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederic Bilan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cliniques et Expérimentales-INSERM U1084, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Øyvind L Busk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
| | - Jirat Chenbhanich
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonas Denecke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luis F Escobar
- Peyton Manning Children's Hospital, Ascension Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Caroline Estes
- Peyton Manning Children's Hospital, Ascension Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Julie Fleischer
- Department of Pediatrics, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Daniel Groepper
- Department of Pediatrics, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Charlotte A Haaxma
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amalia Children's Hospital and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yolanda Holler-Managan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Adam Jackson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Cornelia Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gwenael Le Guyader
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cliniques et Expérimentales-INSERM U1084, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Ulf W Ljungblad
- Department of Pediatrics, Vestfold Hospital, 3116, Tønsberg, Norway
| | | | - Julian A Martinez-Agosto
- UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics at David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics at David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Might
- Department of Medicine, Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 510 20th St S, Birmingham, AL, 35210, USA
| | - David T Miller
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Q Minks
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Caroline Nava
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics at David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John M Parant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA
| | - Trine Prescott
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
| | - Farrah Rajabi
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanitra Randrianaivo
- UF de Génétique Médicale, GHSR, CHU de La Réunion, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Simone F Reiter
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Perry B Shieh
- Department of Neurology at David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Smithson
- Clinical Genetics Department, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK
| | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kinga Tomczak
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristian Tveten
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA
| | - Jordan H Whitlock
- Department of Medicine, Hugh Kaul Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 510 20th St S, Birmingham, AL, 35210, USA
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Utz Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter of the University of Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nan Cher Yeo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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18
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Cappuccio G, Ceccatelli Berti C, Baruffini E, Sullivan J, Shashi V, Jewett T, Stamper T, Maitz S, Canonico F, Revah-Politi A, Kupchik GS, Anyane-Yeboa K, Aggarwal V, Benneche A, Bratland E, Berland S, D'Arco F, Alves CA, Vanderver A, Longo D, Bertini E, Torella A, Nigro V, D'Amico A, van der Knaap MS, Goffrini P, Brunetti-Pierri N. Bi-allelic KARS1 pathogenic variants affecting functions of cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms are associated with a progressive and multisystem disease. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:745-761. [PMID: 33942428 PMCID: PMC8251883 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
KARS1 encodes a lysyl‐transfer RNA synthetase (LysRS) that links lysine to its cognate transfer RNA. Two different KARS1 isoforms exert functional effects in cytosol and mitochondria. Bi‐allelic pathogenic variants in KARS1 have been associated to sensorineural hearing and visual loss, neuropathy, seizures, and leukodystrophy. We report the clinical, biochemical, and neuroradiological features of nine individuals with KARS1‐related disorder carrying 12 different variants with nine of them being novel. The consequences of these variants on the cytosol and/or mitochondrial LysRS were functionally validated in yeast mutants. Most cases presented with severe neurological features including congenital and progressive microcephaly, seizures, developmental delay/intellectual disability, and cerebral atrophy. Oculo‐motor dysfunction and immuno‐hematological problems were present in six and three cases, respectively. A yeast growth defect of variable severity was detected for most variants on both cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms. The detrimental effects of two variants on yeast growth were partially rescued by lysine supplementation. Congenital progressive microcephaly, oculo‐motor dysfunction, and immuno‐hematological problems are emerging phenotypes in KARS1‐related disorder. The data in yeast emphasize the role of both mitochondrial and cytosolic isoforms in the pathogenesis of KARS1‐related disorder and supports the therapeutic potential of lysine supplementation at least in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Ceccatelli Berti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Baruffini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Jennifer Sullivan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vandana Shashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tamison Jewett
- Department of Pediatrics, Section on Medical Genetics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tara Stamper
- Department of Pediatrics, Section on Medical Genetics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Silvia Maitz
- Clinical Pediatric Genetics Unit, Pediatrics Clinics, MBBM Foundation, Hospital San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Canonico
- Department of Neuroradiology, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST di Monza, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Anya Revah-Politi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gabriel S Kupchik
- Division of Medical Genetics, Maimonides Children's Hospital of Brooklyn at Maimonides Medical Center, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeboa
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vimla Aggarwal
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andreas Benneche
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eirik Bratland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Felice D'Arco
- Department of Paediatric Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Cesar A Alves
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniela Longo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
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19
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Martin-Almedina S, Ogmen K, Sackey E, Grigoriadis D, Karapouliou C, Nadarajah N, Ebbing C, Lord J, Mellis R, Kortuem F, Dinulos MB, Polun C, Bale S, Atton G, Robinson A, Reigstad H, Houge G, von der Wense A, Becker WH, Jeffery S, Mortimer PS, Gordon K, Josephs KS, Robart S, Kilby MD, Vallee S, Gorski JL, Hempel M, Berland S, Mansour S, Ostergaard P. Janus-faced EPHB4-associated disorders: novel pathogenic variants and unreported intrafamilial overlapping phenotypes. Genet Med 2021; 23:1315-1324. [PMID: 33864021 PMCID: PMC8257501 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several clinical phenotypes including fetal hydrops, central conducting lymphatic anomaly or capillary malformations with arteriovenous malformations 2 (CM-AVM2) have been associated with EPHB4 (Ephrin type B receptor 4) variants, demanding new approaches for deciphering pathogenesis of novel variants of uncertain significance (VUS) identified in EPHB4, and for the identification of differentiated disease mechanisms at the molecular level. Methods Ten index cases with various phenotypes, either fetal hydrops, CM-AVM2, or peripheral lower limb lymphedema, whose distinct clinical phenotypes are described in detail in this study, presented with a variant in EPHB4. In vitro functional studies were performed to confirm pathogenicity. Results Pathogenicity was demonstrated for six of the seven novel EPHB4 VUS investigated. A heterogeneity of molecular disease mechanisms was identified, from loss of protein production or aberrant subcellular localization to total reduction of the phosphorylation capability of the receptor. There was some phenotype–genotype correlation; however, previously unreported intrafamilial overlapping phenotypes such as lymphatic-related fetal hydrops (LRFH) and CM-AVM2 in the same family were observed. Conclusion This study highlights the usefulness of protein expression and subcellular localization studies to predict EPHB4 variant pathogenesis. Our accurate clinical phenotyping expands our interpretation of the Janus-faced spectrum of EPHB4-related disorders, introducing the discovery of cases with overlapping phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazim Ogmen
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Ege Sackey
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Dionysios Grigoriadis
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Christina Karapouliou
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Noeline Nadarajah
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Cathrine Ebbing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Rhiannon Mellis
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Fanny Kortuem
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mary Beth Dinulos
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Cassandra Polun
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sherri Bale
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Giles Atton
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Robinson
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hallvard Reigstad
- Neonatal intensive care unit, Children's Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Axel von der Wense
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Altona Children's Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Steve Jeffery
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Peter S Mortimer
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kristiana Gordon
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katherine S Josephs
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Robart
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- The Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephanie Vallee
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jerome L Gorski
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sahar Mansour
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. .,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.
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20
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Berland S, Haukanes BI, Juliusson PB, Houge G. Deep exploration of a CDKN1C mutation causing a mixture of Beckwith-Wiedemann and IMAGe syndromes revealed a novel transcript associated with developmental delay. J Med Genet 2020; 59:155-164. [PMID: 33443097 PMCID: PMC8788247 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-107401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Loss-of-function mutations in CDKN1C cause overgrowth, that is, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), while gain-of-function variants in the gene’s PCNA binding motif cause a growth-restricted condition called IMAGe syndrome. We report on a boy with a remarkable mixture of both syndromes, with developmental delay and microcephaly as additional features. Methods Whole-exome DNA sequencing and ultra-deep RNA sequencing of leucocyte-derived and fibroblast-derived mRNA were performed in the family. Results We found a maternally inherited variant in the IMAGe hotspot region: NM_000076.2(CDKN1C) c.822_826delinsGAGCTG. The asymptomatic mother had inherited this variant from her mosaic father with mild BWS features. This delins caused tissue-specific frameshifting resulting in at least three novel mRNA transcripts in the boy. First, a splice product causing CDKN1C truncation was the likely cause of BWS. Second, an alternative splice product in fibroblasts encoded IMAGe-associated amino acid substitutions. Third, we speculate that developmental delay is caused by a change in the alternative CDKN1C-201 (ENST00000380725.1) transcript, encoding a novel isoform we call D (UniProtKB: A6NK88). Isoform D is distinguished from isoforms A and B by alternative splicing within exon 1 that changes the reading frame of the last coding exon. Remarkably, this delins changed the reading frame back to the isoform A/B type, resulting in a hybrid D–A/B isoform. Conclusion Three different cell-type-dependent RNA products can explain the co-occurrence of both BWS and IMAGe features in the boy. Possibly, brain expression of hybrid isoform D–A/B is the cause of developmental delay and microcephaly, a phenotypic feature not previously reported in CDKN1C patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Ivar Haukanes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Petur Benedikt Juliusson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway.,Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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21
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Berger I, Berland S, Rodriguez JR, Aamodt H, Sitek JC, Jørgensen K, Johansen TEB. Birt-Hogg-Dubé-syndrom. Tidsskriftet 2020; 140:18-0848. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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22
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Konrad EDH, Nardini N, Caliebe A, Nagel I, Young D, Horvath G, Santoro SL, Shuss C, Ziegler A, Bonneau D, Kempers M, Pfundt R, Legius E, Bouman A, Stuurman KE, Õunap K, Pajusalu S, Wojcik MH, Vasileiou G, Le Guyader G, Schnelle HM, Berland S, Zonneveld-Huijssoon E, Kersten S, Gupta A, Blackburn PR, Ellingson MS, Ferber MJ, Dhamija R, Klee EW, McEntagart M, Lichtenbelt KD, Kenney A, Vergano SA, Abou Jamra R, Platzer K, Ella Pierpont M, Khattar D, Hopkin RJ, Martin RJ, Jongmans MCJ, Chang VY, Martinez-Agosto JA, Kuismin O, Kurki MI, Pietiläinen O, Palotie A, Maarup TJ, Johnson DS, Venborg Pedersen K, Laulund LW, Lynch SA, Blyth M, Prescott K, Canham N, Ibitoye R, Brilstra EH, Shinawi M, Fassi E, Sticht H, Gregor A, Van Esch H, Zweier C. CTCF variants in 39 individuals with a variable neurodevelopmental disorder broaden the mutational and clinical spectrum. Genet Med 2019; 21:2723-2733. [PMID: 31239556 PMCID: PMC6892744 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pathogenic variants in the chromatin organizer CTCF were previously reported in seven individuals
with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). Methods Through international collaboration we collected data from 39
subjects with variants in CTCF. We performed
transcriptome analysis on RNA from blood samples and utilized Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the impact
of Ctcf dosage alteration on nervous system
development and function. Results The individuals in our cohort carried 2 deletions, 8 likely
gene-disruptive, 2 splice-site, and 20 different missense variants, most of them
de novo. Two cases were familial. The associated phenotype was of variable
severity extending from mild developmental delay or normal IQ to severe
intellectual disability. Feeding difficulties and behavioral abnormalities were
common, and variable other findings including growth restriction and cardiac
defects were observed. RNA-sequencing in five individuals identified 3828
deregulated genes enriched for known NDD genes and biological processes such as
transcriptional regulation. Ctcf dosage
alteration in Drosophila resulted in impaired
gross neurological functioning and learning and memory deficits. Conclusion We significantly broaden the mutational and clinical spectrum ofCTCF-associated NDDs. Our data shed light
onto the functional role of CTCF by identifying deregulated genes and show that
Ctcf alterations result in nervous system defects in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico D H Konrad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niels Nardini
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Almuth Caliebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein Campus Kiel and Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | - Inga Nagel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein Campus Kiel and Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dana Young
- Adult Metabolic Diseases Clinic, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gabriella Horvath
- Adult Metabolic Diseases Clinic, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie L Santoro
- Division of Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christine Shuss
- Division of Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU Angers et Mitolab INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU Angers et Mitolab INSERM 1083-CNRS 6015, Angers, France
| | - Marlies Kempers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Legius
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven and Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arjan Bouman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kyra E Stuurman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Monica H Wojcik
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Divisions of Genetics and Genomics and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgia Vasileiou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Hege M Schnelle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Evelien Zonneveld-Huijssoon
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Kersten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aditi Gupta
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick R Blackburn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marissa S Ellingson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew J Ferber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Radhika Dhamija
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Eric W Klee
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Meriel McEntagart
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Centre, St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, St. George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Klaske D Lichtenbelt
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amy Kenney
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Samantha A Vergano
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mary Ella Pierpont
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Divya Khattar
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Richard J Martin
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marjolijn C J Jongmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian Y Chang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian A Martinez-Agosto
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mitja I Kurki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olli Pietiläinen
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lone W Laulund
- Department of Pediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sally A Lynch
- University College Dublin and Temple Street Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Moira Blyth
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Katrina Prescott
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Natalie Canham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - Rita Ibitoye
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - Eva H Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emily Fassi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Gregor
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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23
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Schanze I, Bunt J, Lim JWC, Schanze D, Dean RJ, Alders M, Blanchet P, Attié-Bitach T, Berland S, Boogert S, Boppudi S, Bridges CJ, Cho MT, Dobyns WB, Donnai D, Douglas J, Earl DL, Edwards TJ, Faivre L, Fregeau B, Genevieve D, Gérard M, Gatinois V, Holder-Espinasse M, Huth SF, Izumi K, Kerr B, Lacaze E, Lakeman P, Mahida S, Mirzaa GM, Morgan SM, Nowak C, Peeters H, Petit F, Pilz DT, Puechberty J, Reinstein E, Rivière JB, Santani AB, Schneider A, Sherr EH, Smith-Hicks C, Wieland I, Zackai E, Zhao X, Gronostajski RM, Zenker M, Richards LJ. NFIB Haploinsufficiency Is Associated with Intellectual Disability and Macrocephaly. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:752-768. [PMID: 30388402 PMCID: PMC6218805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor I (NFI) family of transcription factors play an important role in normal development of multiple organs. Three NFI family members are highly expressed in the brain, and deletions or sequence variants in two of these, NFIA and NFIX, have been associated with intellectual disability (ID) and brain malformations. NFIB, however, has not previously been implicated in human disease. Here, we present a cohort of 18 individuals with mild ID and behavioral issues who are haploinsufficient for NFIB. Ten individuals harbored overlapping microdeletions of the chromosomal 9p23-p22.2 region, ranging in size from 225 kb to 4.3 Mb. Five additional subjects had point sequence variations creating a premature termination codon, and three subjects harbored single-nucleotide variations resulting in an inactive protein as determined using an in vitro reporter assay. All individuals presented with additional variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including muscular hypotonia, motor and speech delay, attention deficit disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and behavioral abnormalities. While structural brain anomalies, including dysgenesis of corpus callosum, were variable, individuals most frequently presented with macrocephaly. To determine whether macrocephaly could be a functional consequence of NFIB disruption, we analyzed a cortex-specific Nfib conditional knockout mouse model, which is postnatally viable. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging and histology, we demonstrate that Nfib conditional knockout mice have enlargement of the cerebral cortex but preservation of overall brain structure and interhemispheric connectivity. Based on our findings, we propose that haploinsufficiency of NFIB causes ID with macrocephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Jens Bunt
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Jonathan W C Lim
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Ryan J Dean
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Marielle Alders
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Blanchet
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Tania Attié-Bitach
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Congenital Malformations, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité and Imagine Institute, Paris 75015, France
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Steven Boogert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Sangamitra Boppudi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Caitlin J Bridges
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | | | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences, and University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Jessica Douglas
- Boston Children's Hospital - The Feingold Center, Waltham, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dawn L Earl
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Timothy J Edwards
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; The Faculty of Medicine Brisbane, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21079, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est et FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon 21079, France
| | - Brieana Fregeau
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David Genevieve
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Marion Gérard
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Caen - Hôpital Clémenceau, Caen Cedex 14000, France
| | - Vincent Gatinois
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Muriel Holder-Espinasse
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France; Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Samuel F Huth
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences, and University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Elodie Lacaze
- Department of genetics, Le Havre Hospital, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Phillis Lakeman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Sonal Mahida
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ghayda M Mirzaa
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Sian M Morgan
- All Wales Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Catherine Nowak
- Boston Children's Hospital - The Feingold Center, Waltham, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hilde Peeters
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Florence Petit
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Daniela T Pilz
- West of Scotland Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Eyal Reinstein
- Medical Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21079, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est et FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon 21079, France; Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Avni B Santani
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anouck Schneider
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Elliott H Sherr
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Ilse Wieland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Linda J Richards
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Medicine Brisbane, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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24
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Berland S, Toft-Bertelsen TL, Aukrust I, Byska J, Vaudel M, Bindoff LA, MacAulay N, Houge G. A de novo Ser111Thr variant in aquaporin-4 in a patient with intellectual disability, transient signs of brain ischemia, transient cardiac hypertrophy, and progressive gait disturbance. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a002303. [PMID: 29437797 PMCID: PMC5793774 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-4, encoded by AQP4, is the major water channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in the brain's water balance, including edema formation and clearance. Using genomic copy-number analysis and trio-exome sequencing, we investigated a male patient with intellectual disability, hearing loss, and progressive gait dysfunction and found a de novo missense change Ser111Thr in AQP4 as the only suspicious finding. Perinatally, signs of brain ischemia were detected in relation to acute collapse 2 h after birth that resolved a few days later. At the age of 3 mo, cardiac hypertrophy was detected that persisted through childhood but was completely resolved by age 16. In theory, this neurodevelopmental disorder with transient cardiomyopathy could be caused by a disturbance of cellular water balance. Ser111 is an extremely conserved residue in the short cytoplasmic loop between AQP4 transmembrane helix 2 and 3, present across all AQP isoforms from plants to mammals, and it does not appear to be a phosphorylation site. We found that the Ser111Thr change does not affect water permeability or protein stability, suggesting another and possibly regulatory role. Although causality remains unproven, this case study draws attention to AQP4 as a candidate gene for a unique developmental disorder and to a specific serine as a residue of possibly great functional importance in many AQPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway
| | | | - Ingvild Aukrust
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway
| | - Jan Byska
- Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway
| | - Marc Vaudel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen N-5020, Norway
| | - Nanna MacAulay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway
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Dewaest M, Villemejane C, Berland S, Michon C, Verel A, Morel MH. Changes in protein size distribution during wheat flour cake processing. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Aukrust I, Jansson RW, Bredrup C, Rusaas HE, Berland S, Jørgensen A, Haug MG, Rødahl E, Houge G, Knappskog PM. The intronic ABCA4 c.5461-10T>C variant, frequently seen in patients with Stargardt disease, causes splice defects and reduced ABCA4 protein level. Acta Ophthalmol 2017; 95:240-246. [PMID: 27775217 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite being the third most common ABCA4 variant observed in patients with Stargardt disease, the functional effect of the intronic ABCA4 variant c.5461-10T>C is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular effect of this variant. METHODS Fibroblast samples from patients carrying the ABCA4 variant c.5461-10T>C were analysed by isolating total RNA, followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers spanning the variant. For detection of ABCA4 protein, fibroblast samples were lysed and analysed by SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting using a monoclonal ABCA4 antibody. RESULTS The ABCA4 variant c.5461-10T>C causes a splicing defect resulting in the reduction of full-length mRNA in fibroblasts from patients and the presence of alternatively spliced mRNAs where exon 39-40 is skipped. A reduced level of full-length ABCA4 protein is observed compared to controls not carrying the variant. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the functional effect and the molecular mechanism of the pathogenic ABCA4 variant c.5461-10T>C. The variant is functionally important as it leads to splicing defects and a reduced level of ABCA4 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Aukrust
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Ragnhild W. Jansson
- Department of Ophthalmology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Cecilie Bredrup
- Department of Ophthalmology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Hilde E. Rusaas
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Agnete Jørgensen
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health; Medical Genetics Department; University Hospital of North Norway; Tromsø Norway
| | - Marte G. Haug
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics; St. Olav's University Hospital; Trondheim Norway
| | - Eyvind Rødahl
- Department of Ophthalmology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Per M. Knappskog
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
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Cohen JS, Srivastava S, Farwell Hagman KD, Shinde DN, Huether R, Darcy D, Wallerstein R, Houge G, Berland S, Monaghan KG, Poretti A, Wilson AL, Chung WK, Fatemi A. Further evidence that de novo missense and truncating variants in ZBTB18 cause intellectual disability with variable features. Clin Genet 2016; 91:697-707. [PMID: 27598823 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Identification of rare genetic variants in patients with intellectual disability (ID) has been greatly accelerated by advances in next generation sequencing technologies. However, due to small numbers of patients, the complete phenotypic spectrum associated with pathogenic variants in single genes is still emerging. Among these genes is ZBTB18 (ZNF238), which is deleted in patients with 1q43q44 microdeletions who typically present with ID, microcephaly, corpus callosum (CC) abnormalities, and seizures. Here we provide additional evidence for haploinsufficiency or dysfunction of the ZBTB18 gene as the cause of ID in five unrelated patients with variable syndromic features who underwent whole exome sequencing revealing separate de novo pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in ZBTB18 (two missense alterations and three truncating alterations). The neuroimaging findings in our cohort (CC hypoplasia seen in 4/4 of our patients who underwent MRI) lend further support for ZBTB18 as a critical gene for CC abnormalities. A similar phenotype of microcephaly, CC agenesis, and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia has been reported in mice with central nervous system-specific knockout of Zbtb18. Our five patients, in addition to the previously described cases of de novo ZBTB18 variants, add to knowledge about the phenotypic spectrum associated with ZBTB18 haploinsufficiency/dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Cohen
- Division of Neurogenetics, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Srivastava
- Division of Neurogenetics, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - D N Shinde
- Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - R Huether
- Department of Bioinformatics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | - D Darcy
- Silicon Valley Genetics Center, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - R Wallerstein
- Hawaii Community Genetics, Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - G Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S Berland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - A Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A L Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - W K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Fatemi
- Division of Neurogenetics, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Martin-Almedina S, Martinez-Corral I, Holdhus R, Vicente A, Fotiou E, Lin S, Petersen K, Simpson MA, Hoischen A, Gilissen C, Jeffery H, Atton G, Karapouliou C, Brice G, Gordon K, Wiseman JW, Wedin M, Rockson SG, Jeffery S, Mortimer PS, Snyder MP, Berland S, Mansour S, Makinen T, Ostergaard P. EPHB4 kinase-inactivating mutations cause autosomal dominant lymphatic-related hydrops fetalis. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3080-8. [PMID: 27400125 PMCID: PMC4966301 DOI: 10.1172/jci85794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrops fetalis describes fluid accumulation in at least 2 fetal compartments, including abdominal cavities, pleura, and pericardium, or in body tissue. The majority of hydrops fetalis cases are nonimmune conditions that present with generalized edema of the fetus, and approximately 15% of these nonimmune cases result from a lymphatic abnormality. Here, we have identified an autosomal dominant, inherited form of lymphatic-related (nonimmune) hydrops fetalis (LRHF). Independent exome sequencing projects on 2 families with a history of in utero and neonatal deaths associated with nonimmune hydrops fetalis uncovered 2 heterozygous missense variants in the gene encoding Eph receptor B4 (EPHB4). Biochemical analysis determined that the mutant EPHB4 proteins are devoid of tyrosine kinase activity, indicating that loss of EPHB4 signaling contributes to LRHF pathogenesis. Further, inactivation of Ephb4 in lymphatic endothelial cells of developing mouse embryos led to defective lymphovenous valve formation and consequent subcutaneous edema. Together, these findings identify EPHB4 as a critical regulator of early lymphatic vascular development and demonstrate that mutations in the gene can cause an autosomal dominant form of LRHF that is associated with a high mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martin-Almedina
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Ines Martinez-Corral
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rita Holdhus
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andres Vicente
- Lymphatic Development Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Elisavet Fotiou
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Shin Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kjell Petersen
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Michael A. Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Heather Jeffery
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Giles Atton
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Unit, St. George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - Christina Karapouliou
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Glen Brice
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Unit, St. George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - Kristiana Gordon
- Department of Dermatology, St. George’s University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John W. Wiseman
- Discovery Sciences, RAD-Transgenics, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Marianne Wedin
- Discovery Sciences, RAD-Transgenics, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Steve Jeffery
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Peter S. Mortimer
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
| | - Michael P. Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Siren Berland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sahar Mansour
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Unit, St. George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - Taija Makinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Lymphovascular Research Unit, Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom (UK)
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Wivestad Jansson R, Berland S, Bredrup C, Austeng D, Andréasson S, Wittström E. Biallelic Mutations in the BEST1 Gene: Additional Families with Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy. Ophthalmic Genet 2015; 37:183-93. [PMID: 26333019 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2015.1020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the genotype and phenotype of patients with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB), and heterozygous carriers. METHODS The members of three unrelated ARB families were investigated. Molecular genetic analysis was performed on 11 members of these families. Ten members were examined clinically; including visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, biomicroscopy, fundus photography, and Goldmann applanation tonometry. Measurements were also made of the anterior chamber depth and axial length, and optical coherence tomography (OCT), electrooculography (EOG), and full-field electroretinography (full-field ERG) were performed. Multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) was performed on eight members of these families. RESULTS Two novel combinations of missense mutations in the BEST1 gene were identified: p.R141H/p.M325T in three patients with ARB in two unrelated Norwegian families, and p.R141H/p.I201T was found in an ARB patient in a Swedish family. All four patients with ARB had clinical and electrophysiological features of ARB. All the heterozygous carriers of the p.R141H mutation were clinically normal, and showed normal OCT, EOG and full-field ERG findings, but had mildly abnormal mfERG results. Only one heterozygous carrier of the p.M325T mutation was studied and he was clinically normal, showing normal OCT and full-field ERG results, but subnormal EOG and mfERG findings. The heterozygous carrier of the p.I201T mutation was clinically normal, showing normal OCT, EOG and full-field ERG results, but subnormal mfERG results. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that the two novel combinations of compound heterozygous mutations p.R141H/p.M325T and p.R141H/p.I201T in the BEST1 gene can also lead to the ARB phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild Wivestad Jansson
- a Department of Clinical Medicine , Section of Ophthalmology, University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway .,b Department of Ophthalmology , Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen , Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- c Department of Pathology , Section of Clinical Genetics, St. Olav's Hospital , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Cecilie Bredrup
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen , Norway
| | - Dordi Austeng
- d Department of Ophthalmology , Trondheim University Hospital , Trondheim , Norway , and
| | - Sten Andréasson
- e Department of Ophthalmology , Lund University , Lund , Sweden
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Houge G, Haesen D, Vissers LELM, Mehta S, Parker MJ, Wright M, Vogt J, McKee S, Tolmie JL, Cordeiro N, Kleefstra T, Willemsen MH, Reijnders MRF, Berland S, Hayman E, Lahat E, Brilstra EH, van Gassen KLI, Zonneveld-Huijssoon E, de Bie CI, Hoischen A, Eichler EE, Holdhus R, Steen VM, Døskeland SO, Hurles ME, FitzPatrick DR, Janssens V. B56δ-related protein phosphatase 2A dysfunction identified in patients with intellectual disability. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3051-62. [PMID: 26168268 DOI: 10.1172/jci79860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report inherited dysregulation of protein phosphatase activity as a cause of intellectual disability (ID). De novo missense mutations in 2 subunits of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) were identified in 16 individuals with mild to severe ID, long-lasting hypotonia, epileptic susceptibility, frontal bossing, mild hypertelorism, and downslanting palpebral fissures. PP2A comprises catalytic (C), scaffolding (A), and regulatory (B) subunits that determine subcellular anchoring, substrate specificity, and physiological function. Ten patients had mutations within a highly conserved acidic loop of the PPP2R5D-encoded B56δ regulatory subunit, with the same E198K mutation present in 6 individuals. Five patients had mutations in the PPP2R1A-encoded scaffolding Aα subunit, with the same R182W mutation in 3 individuals. Some Aα cases presented with large ventricles, causing macrocephaly and hydrocephalus suspicion, and all cases exhibited partial or complete corpus callosum agenesis. Functional evaluation revealed that mutant A and B subunits were stable and uncoupled from phosphatase activity. Mutant B56δ was A and C binding-deficient, while mutant Aα subunits bound B56δ well but were unable to bind C or bound a catalytically impaired C, suggesting a dominant-negative effect where mutant subunits hinder dephosphorylation of B56δ-anchored substrates. Moreover, mutant subunit overexpression resulted in hyperphosphorylation of GSK3β, a B56δ-regulated substrate. This effect was in line with clinical observations, supporting a correlation between the ID degree and biochemical disturbance.
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Rosendahl K, Houge G, Gradek GA, Berland S, Fevang JM, Berentsen RD, Júlíusson PB. Spesialpoliklinikk for skjelettdysplasier. Tidsskriftet 2015; 135:419-20. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.14.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Zweier C, Rittinger O, Bader I, Berland S, Cole T, Degenhardt F, Di Donato N, Graul-Neumann L, Hoyer J, Lynch SA, Vlasak I, Wieczorek D. Females with de novo aberrations in PHF6: clinical overlap of Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann with Coffin-Siris syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2014; 166C:290-301. [PMID: 25099957 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, de novo aberrations in PHF6 were identified in females with intellectual disability and with a distinct phenotype including a characteristic facial gestalt with bitemporal narrowing, prominent supraorbital ridges, synophrys, a short nose and dental anomalies, tapering fingers with brachytelephalangy, clinodactyly and hypoplastic nails, short toes with hypoplastic nails, and linear skin hyperpigmentation. In adolescent or older patients, this phenotype overlaps but is not identical with Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome in males, caused by X-linked recessive mutations in PHF6. In younger girls there seems to be a striking phenotypic overlap with Coffin-Siris syndrome, which is characterized by intellectual disability, sparse hair and hypoplastic nails. This review will summarize and characterize the female phenotype caused by de novo aberrations in PHF6 and will discuss the overlapping and distinguishing features with Coffin-Siris syndrome.
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Sabbatini A, Bédouet L, Marie A, Bartolini A, Landemarre L, Weber MX, Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I, Berland S, Zito F, Vénec-Peyré MT. Biomineralization of Schlumbergerella floresiana, a significant carbonate-producing benthic foraminifer. Geobiology 2014; 12:289-307. [PMID: 24690273 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Most foraminifera that produce a shell are efficient biomineralizers. We analyzed the calcitic shell of the large tropical benthic foraminifer Schlumbergerella floresiana. We found a suite of macromolecules containing many charged and polar amino acids and glycine that are also abundant in biomineralization proteins of other phyla. As neither genomic nor transcriptomic data are available for foraminiferal biomineralization yet, de novo-generated sequences, obtained from organic matrices submitted to ms blast database search, led to the characterization of 156 peptides. Very few homologous proteins were matched in the proteomic database, implying that the peptides are derived from unknown proteins present in the foraminiferal organic matrices. The amino acid distribution of these peptides was queried against the uniprot database and the mollusk uniprot database for comparison. The mollusks compose a well-studied phylum that yield a large variety of biomineralization proteins. These results showed that proteins extracted from S. floresiana shells contained sequences enriched with glycine, alanine, and proline, making a set of residues that provided a signature unique to foraminifera. Three of the de novo peptides exhibited sequence similarities to peptides found in proteins such as pre-collagen-P and a group of P-type ATPases including a calcium-transporting ATPase. Surprisingly, the peptide that was most similar to the collagen-like protein was a glycine-rich peptide reported from the test and spine proteome of sea urchin. The molecules, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analyses, included acid-soluble N-glycoproteins with its sugar moieties represented by high-mannose-type glycans and carbohydrates. Describing the nature of the proteins, and associated molecules in the skeletal structure of living foraminifera, can elucidate the biomineralization mechanisms of these major carbonate producers in marine ecosystems. As fossil foraminifera provide important paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic information, a better understanding of biomineralization in these organisms will have far-reaching impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sabbatini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (Di.S.V.A.), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements, UMR 7207 CNRS MNHN UPMC, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Johansson S, Berland S, Gradek GA, Bongers E, de Leeuw N, Pfundt R, Fannemel M, Rødningen O, Brendehaug A, Haukanes BI, Hovland R, Helland G, Houge G. Haploinsufficiency ofMEIS2is associated with orofacial clefting and learning disability. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1622-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Johansson
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Siren Berland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Gyri Aasland Gradek
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Ernie Bongers
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Nicole de Leeuw
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Madeleine Fannemel
- Department of Medical Genetics; Oslo University Hospital; Ullevål Oslo Norway
| | - Olaug Rødningen
- Department of Medical Genetics; Oslo University Hospital; Ullevål Oslo Norway
| | - Atle Brendehaug
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Bjørn Ivar Haukanes
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Randi Hovland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Gunnar Helland
- Department of Pediatrics; Levanger Hospital; Levanger Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
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Villemejane C, Roussel P, Berland S, Aymard P, Michon C. Technological and sensory tools to characterize the consistency and performance of fibre-enriched biscuit doughs. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Froyen G, Belet S, Martinez F, Santos-Rebouças C, Declercq M, Verbeeck J, Donckers L, Berland S, Mayo S, Rosello M, Pimentel M, Fintelman-Rodrigues N, Hovland R, Rodrigues dos Santos S, Raymond F, Bose T, Corbett M, Sheffield L, van Ravenswaaij-Arts C, Dijkhuizen T, Coutton C, Satre V, Siu V, Marynen P. Copy-number gains of HUWE1 due to replication- and recombination-based rearrangements. Am J Hum Genet 2012; 91:252-64. [PMID: 22840365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported on nonrecurrent overlapping duplications at Xp11.22 in individuals with nonsyndromic intellectual disability (ID) harboring HSD17B10, HUWE1, and the microRNAs miR-98 and let-7f-2 in the smallest region of overlap. Here, we describe six additional individuals with nonsyndromic ID and overlapping microduplications that segregate in the families. High-resolution mapping of the 12 copy-number gains reduced the minimal duplicated region to the HUWE1 locus only. Consequently, increased mRNA levels were detected for HUWE1, but not HSD17B10. Marker and SNP analysis, together with identification of two de novo events, suggested a paternally derived intrachromosomal duplication event. In four independent families, we report on a polymorphic 70 kb recurrent copy-number gain, which harbors part of HUWE1 (exon 28 to 3' untranslated region), including miR-98 and let-7f-2. Our findings thus demonstrate that HUWE1 is the only remaining dosage-sensitive gene associated with the ID phenotype. Junction and in silico analysis of breakpoint regions demonstrated simple microhomology-mediated rearrangements suggestive of replication-based duplication events. Intriguingly, in a single family, the duplication was generated through nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) with the use of HUWE1-flanking imperfect low-copy repeats, which drive this infrequent NAHR event. The recurrent partial HUWE1 copy-number gain was also generated through NAHR, but here, the homologous sequences used were identified as TcMAR-Tigger DNA elements, a template that has not yet been reported for NAHR. In summary, we showed that an increased dosage of HUWE1 causes nonsyndromic ID and demonstrated that the Xp11.22 region is prone to recombination- and replication-based rearrangements.
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Banka S, Veeramachaneni R, Reardon W, Howard E, Bunstone S, Ragge N, Parker MJ, Crow YJ, Kerr B, Kingston H, Metcalfe K, Chandler K, Magee A, Stewart F, McConnell VPM, Donnelly DE, Berland S, Houge G, Morton JE, Oley C, Revencu N, Park SM, Davies SJ, Fry AE, Lynch SA, Gill H, Schweiger S, Lam WWK, Tolmie J, Mohammed SN, Hobson E, Smith A, Blyth M, Bennett C, Vasudevan PC, García-Miñaúr S, Henderson A, Goodship J, Wright MJ, Fisher R, Gibbons R, Price SM, C de Silva D, Temple IK, Collins AL, Lachlan K, Elmslie F, McEntagart M, Castle B, Clayton-Smith J, Black GC, Donnai D. How genetically heterogeneous is Kabuki syndrome?: MLL2 testing in 116 patients, review and analyses of mutation and phenotypic spectrum. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 20:381-8. [PMID: 22126750 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MLL2 mutations are detected in 55 to 80% of patients with Kabuki syndrome (KS). In 20 to 45% patients with KS, the genetic basis remains unknown, suggesting possible genetic heterogeneity. Here, we present the largest yet reported cohort of 116 patients with KS. We identified MLL2 variants in 74 patients, of which 47 are novel and a majority are truncating. We show that pathogenic missense mutations were commonly located in exon 48. We undertook a systematic facial KS morphology study of patients with KS at our regional dysmorphology meeting. Our data suggest that nearly all patients with typical KS facial features have pathogenic MLL2 mutations, although KS can be phenotypically variable. Furthermore, we show that MLL2 mutation-positive KS patients are more likely to have feeding problems, kidney anomalies, early breast bud development, joint dislocations and palatal malformations in comparison with MLL2 mutation-negative patients. Our work expands the mutation spectrum of MLL2 that may help in better understanding of this molecule, which is important in gene expression, epigenetic control of active chromatin states, embryonic development and cancer. Our analyses of the phenotype indicates that MLL2 mutation-positive and -negative patients differ systematically, and genetic heterogeneity of KS is not as extensive as previously suggested. Moreover, phenotypic variability of KS suggests that MLL2 testing should be considered even in atypical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Banka
- Department of Genetic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Le Phuc N, Courtois X, Can F, Berland S, Royer S, Marecot P, Duprez D. A study of the ammonia selectivity on Pt/BaO/Al2O3 model catalyst during the NOx storage and reduction process. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Berland S, Alme K, Brendehaug A, Houge G, Hovland R. PHF6 Deletions May Cause Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann Syndrome in Females. Mol Syndromol 2011; 1:294-300. [PMID: 22190899 DOI: 10.1159/000330111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a 16-year-old girl with intellectual disability, irregular teeth, slight body asymmetry, and striated skin pigmentation, highly skewed X-inactivation increased the likelihood of an X-linked cause of her condition. Among these, prominent supraorbital ridges and hearing loss suggested a filaminopathy, but no filamin A mutation was found. The correct diagnosis, Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS, MIM#301900), was first made when a copy number array identified a de novo 15-kb deletion of the terminal 3 exons of the PHF6 gene. In retrospect, her phenotype resembled that of males with BFLS. Such deletions of PHF6 have not been reported previously. This might be because PHF6 mutations are rarely looked for in females since classical BFLS so far has been thought to be a male-specific syndrome, and large PHF6 deletions might be incompatible with male fetal survival. If this is the case, sporadic BFLS could be more frequent in females than in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Berland
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen
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Edery P, Marcaillou C, Sahbatou M, Labalme A, Chastang J, Touraine R, Tubacher E, Senni F, Bober MB, Nampoothiri S, Jouk PS, Steichen E, Berland S, Toutain A, Wise CA, Sanlaville D, Rousseau F, Clerget-Darpoux F, Leutenegger AL. Association of TALS developmental disorder with defect in minor splicing component U4atac snRNA. Science 2011; 332:240-3. [PMID: 21474761 DOI: 10.1126/science.1202205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The spliceosome, a ribonucleoprotein complex that includes proteins and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), catalyzes RNA splicing through intron excision and exon ligation to produce mature messenger RNAs, which, in turn serve as templates for protein translation. We identified four point mutations in the U4atac snRNA component of the minor spliceosome in patients with brain and bone malformations and unexplained postnatal death [microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 1 (MOPD 1) or Taybi-Linder syndrome (TALS); Mendelian Inheritance in Man ID no. 210710]. Expression of a subgroup of genes, possibly linked to the disease phenotype, and minor intron splicing were affected in cell lines derived from TALS patients. Our findings demonstrate a crucial role of the minor spliceosome component U4atac snRNA in early human development and postnatal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Edery
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Cytogénétique Constitutionnelle, Bron, F-69677, France.
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Braida C, Stapleton G, Neil F, Rhadvanyi H, Philippe C, Finsterer J, Schraen-Maschke S, Gallano P, Warner J, Longman C, Hilton-Jones D, Brunner H, Kamsteeg EJ, Berland S, Catalli C, Botta A, Monckton D. P18 Variant triplet repeats in the CTG expansion of DMPK affect stability of the expanded region and may contribute to unusual symptoms observed in some myotonic dystrophy type 1 cases. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(10)70033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Duplat D, Chabadel A, Gallet M, Berland S, Bédouet L, Rousseau M, Kamel S, Milet C, Jurdic P, Brazier M, Lopez E. The in vitro osteoclastic degradation of nacre. Biomaterials 2007; 28:2155-62. [PMID: 17258312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclast activity was studied on nacre, the mother of pearl (MOP) in order to assess the plasticity of bone resorbing cells and their capacity to adapt to a biomineralized material with a different organic and mineral composition from that of its natural substrate, bone. Pure MOP, a natural biomineralized CaCO(3) material, was obtained from Pinctada oyster shell. When implanted in the living system, nacre has proven to be a sustainable bone grafting material although a limited surface degradation process. Osteoclast stem cells and mature osteoclasts were cultured on MOP substrate and osteoclast precursor cells were shown to differentiate into osteoclasts capable of resorbing nacre substrate. However, analysis of the organization of the cytoskeleton showed that both a sealing zone and a podosome structure were observed on the nacre substrate. Moreover, MOP resorption efficiency was consistently found to be lower than that of bone and appeared to be a limited process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Duplat
- Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques USM 401, UMR/CNRS 5178 BOME, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 43, rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
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Berland S, Delattre O, Borzeix S, Catonné Y, Lopez E. Nacre/bone interface changes in durable nacre endosseous implants in sheep. Biomaterials 2005; 26:2767-73. [PMID: 15585281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 07/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Raw nacre implants persist even after 9 months of implantation into bone tissue in sheep. However the nacre surface undergoes a limited biodegradation process. Smooth-surfaced nacre implants were seen to become microporous after implantation. The results of these long-term, in vivo studies show that the overall process involves bone-resorbing cells, relies on a two-phase mechanism and may correspond to a regulation process. The rate of surface change depends on the bone implantation site and the nacre/bone interaction. The in vivo biodegradability of nacre is a highly variable parameter. The size and shape of the implanted nacre and the cellular environment of the implant are key factors in determining the biodegradation kinetics of the nacre in a living system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Berland
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, 7, rue Cuvier, USM 401, UMR CNRS 5178, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
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Abstract
This study compares the osteogenic effects of nacre and autogenous bone grafts in a rabbit model of lumbar spine transverse process arthrodesis. A total of 15 rabbits were processed for arthrodesis between the fifth and sixth lumbar vertebrae using nacre powder mixed with autologous blood or autogenous iliac crest bone. Control rabbits were sham operated. Sample vertebrae were removed from the nacre-implanted rabbits at 2, 5, and 11 weeks postsurgery. The autogenous bone graft and sham-operated groups were processed for histological study 11 weeks postsurgery. The results for the three groups were compared at 11 weeks. The nacre-implanted samples taken at 2 weeks showed that the nacre was well tolerated by the host tissue. Endochondral bone formation was seen in the region of the dissolving nacre particles by 5 weeks. The newly formed bone formed a solid fusion between the transverse processes in one-third of the rabbits. There was still new bone formation at 11 weeks at the nacre implant site. Two-thirds of the rabbits had formed a solid fusion. Light microscopy also showed new bone formation 11 weeks after the autologous bone graft. All rabbits had a solid fusion. This initial study indicates that nacre can induce spinal fusion in an acceptable percentage of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lamghari
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Générale et Comparée, UMR CNRS 8572, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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Abstract
We have studied the osteogenic effects of nacre (mother of pearl) placed in experimental cavities prepared in the lumbar vertebrae of sheep. Some of cavities were filled with nacre, some with PMMA, and some were left empty. The vertebrae were removed 1, 8, 12 weeks after surgery, and assessed histologically and morphometrically. The nacre particles in the bone cavity and the surrounding intertrabecular spaces gradually dissolved beginning at 8 weeks after surgery. There were layers of newly formed bone, both woven and lamellar, in various stages of maturation in contact with or adjacent to the dissolving nacre. Quantitative assessment of the activation of bone formation adjacent to the cavities filled with nacre indicated significant activation of bone formation, which continued until week 12. There was also increased mineralization of the host bone at this time. There was no new bone formation in the empty cavities, or in those filled with PMMA. PMMA also caused necrosis of surrounding bone cells with a change in bone architecture and significant reductions in bone formation and mineralization. This study demonstrates that nacre stimulates bone-forming cells in vertebrae and appears to result in new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lamghari
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Générale et Comparée, UMR CNRS 8572, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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Moutahir-Belqasmi F, Balmain N, Lieberrher M, Borzeix S, Berland S, Barthelemy M, Peduzzi J, Milet C, Lopez E. Effect of water soluble extract of nacre (Pinctada maxima) on alkaline phosphatase activity and Bcl-2 expression in primary cultured osteoblasts from neonatal rat calvaria. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2001; 12:1-6. [PMID: 15348370 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026759431595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The nacre (mother of pearl) layer of the oyster Pinctada maxima shell can initiate bone formation by human osteoblasts in vivo and in vitro and is a new biomaterial that induces osteogenesis. This activity of nacre could be due to its water-soluble matrix. We examined the action of a water-soluble extract of nacre on the osteoblast phenotype of cells isolated from rat neonatal calvaria by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and by localization of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 by immunocytochemistry. ALP activity was increased 7% (p<0.001) by 100 microg proteins/ml extract and 20% (p<0.001) by 50 microg proteins/ml extract, but a low concentration of extract decreased the ALP activity by 8%. Cells treated with a high aspartic acid content fraction of the extract had increased ALP activity (23%, p<0.0001). Nacre extract and the fraction have no effect on the proliferation of mature osteoblasts. Immunoreactive Bcl-2 was overproduced in the cytoplasm and nuclei of osteoblasts at all stages of culture. Bcl-2 was found over the whole chromatin in quiescent and mitotic cells at the end of mitosis in the two nuclei in one cell, before cytodieresis. Bcl-2 was also found over chromosomes. Thus, nacre extract stimulates Bcl-2 production in osteoblasts, that is correlated with the cell cycle. Bcl-2 was also abundant in the nucleoli of extract-treated cells. Thus, the concentration and subcellular distribution of Bcl-2 in osteoblasts in primary cultures is influenced by nacre extract, and related to the cell cycle and the regulation of gene expression. Hence, knowledge of how water-soluble extracts of Pinctada maxima nacre act on osteoblasts in vitro may reveal the mechanisms involved in its action in vivo on bone cells and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moutahir-Belqasmi
- UMR 8572 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiologie, MNHN, 7 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Lopez E, Le Faou A, Borzeix S, Berland S. Stimulation of rat cutaneous fibroblasts and their synthetic activity by implants of powdered nacre (mother of pearl). Tissue Cell 2000; 32:95-101. [PMID: 10798323 DOI: 10.1054/tice.1999.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The components of the cutaneous envelope, the epidermis and the dermis, change in response to aging or environmental stress factors. The fibroblasts involved in maintaining skin tone are the main targets. Nacre, mother of pearl, from Pinctada maxima, which can stimulate and regulate bone forming cells, was implanted in the dermis of rats to test its action on the skin fibroblasts. This report describes the effect of nacre on the skin fibroblast recruitment and physiological activity. It resulted in enhanced extracellular matrix synthesis and the production of components implicated in cell to cell adhesion and communication (such as decorine) and in tissue regeneration (type I and type III collagens). The nacre implant produced a well vascularized tissue. The physiological conditions in the region around the implant are thus those required for the positive interactions between the dermis and epidermis which are fundamental for the physiological function of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lopez
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Générale et Comparée, URA CNRS 90, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
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Lamghari M, Huet H, Laurent A, Berland S, Lopez E. A model for evaluating injectable bone replacements in the vertebrae of sheep: radiological and histological study. Biomaterials 1999; 20:2107-14. [PMID: 10555078 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We developed a bone-defect model in the vertebrae of sheep. Forty four cavities were prepared in the upper lumbar vertebrae of 11 sheep using a biopsy trocar via a posterior-lateral extracanal percutaneous route and the location was monitored by radiology with a brilliance amplifier. The cavities were 3 mm in diameter. The histological study was performed on 15 cavities which were left empty to give reference data for the model. Histological and histomorphometry results showed that 67% of the surface area of the empty cavities was still empty 3 months after their preparation. Thus, the natural regenerative capacity of vertebral trabecular bone is limited. We performed preliminary percutaneous injections of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and nacre powder to assess whether this bone-defect model would be suitable for further studies on bone repair. Cavities were successfully filled with nacre powder (21 cavities) or PMMA (8 cavities) while monitoring the process by interventional radiology. The experimental sheep vertebrae defect system is reproducible and appears to be a suitable model for testing injectable biomaterials for treating bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lamghari
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Générale et Comparée, URA CNRS 90, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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Abstract
There is frequently a loss of vertebral bone due to disease or aging. Nacre (mother of pearl from the oyster Pinctada maxima) stimulates bone cell differentiation and bone formation in vitro and in vivo. Experimental bone defects were prepared in the vertebrae of sheep and used to test the suitability of nacre as an injectable osteogenic biomaterial for treating vertebral bone loss. Twenty-one cavities were prepared in the first four upper lumbar vertebrae of 11 sheep and filled with nacre powder. The lumbar vertebrae were removed after 1 to 12 weeks, embedded undecalcified in methacrylate, and processed for histological studies. The nacre slowly dissolved and the experimental cavities contained a large active cell population. By 12 weeks, the experimental cavity was occupied by newly matured bone trabeculae in contact with or adjacent to the dissolving nacre. The functional new bone trabeculae were covered with osteoid lined with osteoblasts, indicating continuing bone formation. The in vitro study on rat bone marrow explants cultured with a water-soluble extract of the nacre organic matrix also resulted in the stimulation of osteogenic bone marrow cells with enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity. Thus, both the in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that nacre contains one or more signal molecules capable of activating osteogenic bone marrow cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lamghari
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Générale et Comparée, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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50
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Abstract
We have investigated the interface between bone and chronic implants of nacre in sheep. There was no foreign body reaction over the period of 10 months and the implants were not broken down. Light microscopy indicated activity within an osteoprogenitor cellular layer lining the implant, resulting in a complete sequence of new bone formation. Nacre appeared to bind directly to newly formed bone without any intervening fibrous tissue. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive photon X-microanalysis showed calcium and phosphate ions lining the nacre within the osteoprogenitor tissue. These studies show a dynamic activity of the bone/nacre interface, leading to continuity between the nacre and the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Atlan
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et Procédés Membranaires, UMR 9987 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier II, France
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