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Chen Y, Dawes R, Kim HC, Stenton SL, Walker S, Ljungdahl A, Lord J, Ganesh VS, Ma J, Martin-Geary AC, Lemire G, D'Souza EN, Dong S, Ellingford JM, Adams DR, Allan K, Bakshi M, Baldwin EE, Berger SI, Bernstein JA, Brown NJ, Burrage LC, Chapman K, Compton AG, Cunningham CA, D'Souza P, Délot EC, Dias KR, Elias ER, Evans CA, Ewans L, Ezell K, Fraser JL, Gallacher L, Genetti CA, Grant CL, Haack T, Kuechler A, Lalani SR, Leitão E, Fevre AL, Leventer RJ, Liebelt JE, Lockhart PJ, Ma AS, Macnamara EF, Maurer TM, Mendez HR, Montgomery SB, Nassogne MC, Neumann S, O'Leary M, Palmer EE, Phillips J, Pitsava G, Pysar R, Rehm HL, Reuter CM, Revencu N, Riess A, Rius R, Rodan L, Roscioli T, Rosenfeld JA, Sachdev R, Simons C, Sisodiya SM, Snell P, Clair LS, Stark Z, Tan TY, Tan NB, Temple SE, Thorburn DR, Tifft CJ, Uebergang E, VanNoy GE, Vilain E, Viskochil DH, Wedd L, Wheeler MT, White SM, Wojcik M, Wolfe LA, Wolfenson Z, Xiao C, Zocche D, Rubenstein JL, Markenscoff-Papadimitriou E, Fica SM, Baralle D, Depienne C, MacArthur DG, Howson JM, Sanders SJ, O'Donnell-Luria A, Whiffin N. De novo variants in the non-coding spliceosomal snRNA gene RNU4-2 are a frequent cause of syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. medRxiv 2024:2024.04.07.24305438. [PMID: 38645094 PMCID: PMC11030480 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.07.24305438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Around 60% of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) remain undiagnosed after comprehensive genetic testing, primarily of protein-coding genes 1 . Increasingly, large genome-sequenced cohorts are improving our ability to discover new diagnoses in the non-coding genome. Here, we identify the non-coding RNA RNU4-2 as a novel syndromic NDD gene. RNU4-2 encodes the U4 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), which is a critical component of the U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP complex of the major spliceosome 2 . We identify an 18 bp region of RNU4-2 mapping to two structural elements in the U4/U6 snRNA duplex (the T-loop and Stem III) that is severely depleted of variation in the general population, but in which we identify heterozygous variants in 119 individuals with NDD. The vast majority of individuals (77.3%) have the same highly recurrent single base-pair insertion (n.64_65insT). We estimate that variants in this region explain 0.41% of individuals with NDD. We demonstrate that RNU4-2 is highly expressed in the developing human brain, in contrast to its contiguous counterpart RNU4-1 and other U4 homologs, supporting RNU4-2 's role as the primary U4 transcript in the brain. Overall, this work underscores the importance of non-coding genes in rare disorders. It will provide a diagnosis to thousands of individuals with NDD worldwide and pave the way for the development of effective treatments for these individuals.
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2
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Bilson J, Oquendo CJ, Read J, Scorletti E, Afolabi PR, Lord J, Bindels LB, Targher G, Mahajan S, Baralle D, Calder PC, Byrne CD, Sethi JK. Markers of adipose tissue fibrogenesis associate with clinically significant liver fibrosis and are unchanged by synbiotic treatment in patients with NAFLD. Metabolism 2024; 151:155759. [PMID: 38101770 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) dysfunction contributes to NAFLD pathogenesis and may be influenced by the gut microbiota. Whether transcript profiles of SAT are associated with liver fibrosis and are influenced by synbiotic treatment (that changes the gut microbiome) is unknown. We investigated: (a) whether the presence of clinically significant, ≥F2 liver fibrosis associated with adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, differential gene expression in SAT, and/or a marker of tissue fibrosis (Composite collagen gene expression (CCGE)); and (b) whether synbiotic treatment modified markers of AT dysfunction and the SAT transcriptome. METHODS Sixty-two patients with NAFLD (60 % men) were studied before and after 12 months of treatment with synbiotic or placebo and provided SAT samples. Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE)-validated thresholds were used to assess liver fibrosis. RNA-sequencing and histological analysis of SAT were performed to determine differential gene expression, CCGE and the presence of collagen fibres. Regression modelling and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis were used to test associations with, and risk prediction for, ≥F2 liver fibrosis. RESULTS Patients with ≥F2 liver fibrosis (n = 24) had altered markers of AT dysfunction and a SAT gene expression signature characterised by enrichment of inflammatory and extracellular matrix-associated genes, compared to those with CONCLUSION A differential gene expression signature in SAT associates with ≥F2 liver fibrosis is explained by a measure of systemic insulin resistance and is not changed by synbiotic treatment. SAT CCGE values are a good predictor of ≥F2 liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Bilson
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Carolina J Oquendo
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - James Read
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eleonora Scorletti
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Division of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul R Afolabi
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UC Louvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Welbio department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy; Metabolic Diseases Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy
| | - Sumeet Mahajan
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Diana Baralle
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
| | - Jaswinder K Sethi
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Lord J, Oquendo CJ, Wai HA, Douglas AGL, Bunyan DJ, Wang Y, Hu Z, Zeng Z, Danis D, Katsonis P, Williams A, Lichtarge O, Chang Y, Bagnall RD, Mount SM, Matthiasardottir B, Lin C, Hansen TVO, Leman R, Martins A, Houdayer C, Krieger S, Bakolitsa C, Peng Y, Kamandula A, Radivojac P, Baralle D. Predicting the impact of rare variants on RNA splicing in CAGI6. Hum Genet 2024:10.1007/s00439-023-02624-3. [PMID: 38170232 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Variants which disrupt splicing are a frequent cause of rare disease that have been under-ascertained clinically. Accurate and efficient methods to predict a variant's impact on splicing are needed to interpret the growing number of variants of unknown significance (VUS) identified by exome and genome sequencing. Here, we present the results of the CAGI6 Splicing VUS challenge, which invited predictions of the splicing impact of 56 variants ascertained clinically and functionally validated to determine splicing impact. The performance of 12 prediction methods, along with SpliceAI and CADD, was compared on the 56 functionally validated variants. The maximum accuracy achieved was 82% from two different approaches, one weighting SpliceAI scores by minor allele frequency, and one applying the recently published Splicing Prediction Pipeline (SPiP). SPiP performed optimally in terms of sensitivity, while an ensemble method combining multiple prediction tools and information from databases exceeded all others for specificity. Several challenge methods equalled or exceeded the performance of SpliceAI, with ultimate choice of prediction method likely to depend on experimental or clinical aims. One quarter of the variants were incorrectly predicted by at least 50% of the methods, highlighting the need for further improvements to splicing prediction methods for successful clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lord
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Htoo A Wai
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew G L Douglas
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - David J Bunyan
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zishuo Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08873, USA
| | - Daniel Danis
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Panagiotis Katsonis
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Amanda Williams
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Olivier Lichtarge
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuchen Chang
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard D Bagnall
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen M Mount
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Brynja Matthiasardottir
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences and Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Thomas van Overeem Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raphael Leman
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique du Cancer, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
- Inserm U1245, Cancer Brain and Genomics, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, FHU G4 génomique, Rouen, France
| | - Alexandra Martins
- Inserm U1245, Cancer Brain and Genomics, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, FHU G4 génomique, Rouen, France
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Inserm U1245, Cancer Brain and Genomics, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, FHU G4 génomique, Rouen, France
- Department of Genetics, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM U1245, FHU-G4 Génomique and CHU Rouen, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Krieger
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique du Cancer, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
- Inserm U1245, Cancer Brain and Genomics, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, FHU G4 génomique, Rouen, France
| | | | - Yisu Peng
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Akash Kamandula
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Predrag Radivojac
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
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Martin-Geary AC, Blakes AJM, Dawes R, Findlay SD, Lord J, Walker S, Talbot-Martin J, Wieder N, D’Souza EN, Fernandes M, Hilton S, Lahiri N, Campbell C, Jenkinson S, DeGoede CGEL, Anderson ER, Burge CB, Sanders SJ, Ellingford J, Baralle D, Banka S, Whiffin N. Systematic identification of disease-causing promoter and untranslated region variants in 8,040 undiagnosed individuals with rare disease. medRxiv 2023:2023.09.12.23295416. [PMID: 37745552 PMCID: PMC10516070 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.23295416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Both promoters and untranslated regions (UTRs) have critical regulatory roles, yet variants in these regions are largely excluded from clinical genetic testing due to difficulty in interpreting pathogenicity. The extent to which these regions may harbour diagnoses for individuals with rare disease is currently unknown. Methods We present a framework for the identification and annotation of potentially deleterious proximal promoter and UTR variants in known dominant disease genes. We use this framework to annotate de novo variants (DNVs) in 8,040 undiagnosed individuals in the Genomics England 100,000 genomes project, which were subject to strict region-based filtering, clinical review, and validation studies where possible. In addition, we performed region and variant annotation-based burden testing in 7,862 unrelated probands against matched unaffected controls. Results We prioritised eleven DNVs and identified an additional variant overlapping one of the eleven. Ten of these twelve variants (82%) are in genes that are a strong match to the individual's phenotype and six had not previously been identified. Through burden testing, we did not observe a significant enrichment of potentially deleterious promoter and/or UTR variants in individuals with rare disease collectively across any of our region or variant annotations. Conclusions Overall, we demonstrate the value of screening promoters and UTRs to uncover additional diagnoses for previously undiagnosed individuals with rare disease and provide a framework for doing so without dramatically increasing interpretation burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Martin-Geary
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander J M Blakes
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ruebena Dawes
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Scott D Findlay
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nechama Wieder
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Elston N D’Souza
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Fernandes
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Hilton
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Nayana Lahiri
- St George’s, University of London & St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Christopher Campbell
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Sarah Jenkinson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Christian G E L DeGoede
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Clinical research Facility, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
- Manchester Metropolitan University
| | - Emily R Anderson
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Stephan J Sanders
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7TY, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jamie Ellingford
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Diana Baralle
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Nicola Whiffin
- Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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5
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Jolley S, Lord J, Plant D, Wood E, Bracegirdle K, Browning S, Carter B, James K. A cluster randomised, 16-week, parallel-group multicentre trial to compare the effectiveness of a digital school-based cognitive behavioural resilience/wellbeing-building intervention targeting emotional and behavioural problems in vulnerable Year 4 primary school children in whole classes, to the usual school curriculum: a study protocol to the "CUES for Schools" trial. Trials 2023; 24:253. [PMID: 37013581 PMCID: PMC10071738 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around 10% of school-aged children experience mental health difficulties. Many more are 'vulnerable': experiencing emotional and/or behavioural problems reaching clinical levels, and thus at greatest risk of future mental illness. The trial aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of the CUES for schools programme in reducing emotional and behavioural problems in vulnerable children. METHODS The "CUES for Schools" study is a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial in primary schools in south east England. Schools will be randomised to receive the usual school curriculum, or the CUES programme (1:1). We aim to enrol 74 schools (5550 children including 2220 vulnerable children). CUES is a whole-class teacher-facilitated interactive digital cognitive-behavioural intervention, delivered as 24 short (20-min) modules over 12 weeks, targeting emotional/behavioural regulation skills. Children self-report emotional/behavioural problems at baseline, 8, and 16 weeks, and wellbeing and cognitive vulnerability at 0 and 16 weeks. Adverse events are assessed at 8 and 16 weeks. Teachers rate classroom behaviour at baseline and 16 weeks. School senior leadership teams and individual teachers consent to involvement in the study; parents can opt their child out of CUES sessions, assessments, or research. Children can similarly opt out and assent to research participation. The primary objective of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of CUES for schools compared to the usual school curriculum in improving emotional/behavioural problems for vulnerable Year 4 (8-9 years old) children at 16 weeks post-randomisation, as measured using a standardised questionnaire designed for primary schools. The secondary objective is to investigate the impact of the CUES for schools programme on both vulnerable and non-vulnerable children on wellbeing and teacher-rated classroom behaviour. DISCUSSION The study will show whether CUES for schools is more effective than the usual curriculum in reducing emotional and behavioural problems in vulnerable Year 4 children, and thus reducing the risk of mental health difficulties in later adolescent and adult life. As a digital, teacher-facilitated intervention, CUES for schools can be readily implemented, at minimal cost. If effective, CUES for schools therefore has the potential to reduce the impact of emotional/behavioural difficulties on children's learning, behaviour, and relationships and the burden of future mental health morbidity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial Registration ISRCTN11445338. Registered on September 12, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jolley
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - J Lord
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- King's Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - D Plant
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Snowfields Adolescent Unit, Mapother House, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - E Wood
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - K Bracegirdle
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Snowfields Adolescent Unit, Mapother House, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - S Browning
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Snowfields Adolescent Unit, Mapother House, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - B Carter
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- King's Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - K James
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- King's Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
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6
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Best S, Yu J, Lord J, Roche M, Watson CM, Bevers RPJ, Stuckey A, Madhusudhan S, Jewell R, Sisodiya SM, Lin S, Turner S, Robinson H, Leslie JS, Baple E, Toomes C, Inglehearn C, Wheway G, Johnson CA. Uncovering the burden of hidden ciliopathies in the 100 000 Genomes Project: a reverse phenotyping approach. J Med Genet 2022; 59:1151-1164. [PMID: 35764379 PMCID: PMC9691823 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2022-108476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 100 000 Genomes Project (100K) recruited National Health Service patients with eligible rare diseases and cancer between 2016 and 2018. PanelApp virtual gene panels were applied to whole genome sequencing data according to Human Phenotyping Ontology (HPO) terms entered by recruiting clinicians to guide focused analysis. METHODS We developed a reverse phenotyping strategy to identify 100K participants with pathogenic variants in nine prioritised disease genes (BBS1, BBS10, ALMS1, OFD1, DYNC2H1, WDR34, NPHP1, TMEM67, CEP290), representative of the full phenotypic spectrum of multisystemic primary ciliopathies. We mapped genotype data 'backwards' onto available clinical data to assess potential matches against phenotypes. Participants with novel molecular diagnoses and key clinical features compatible with the identified disease gene were reported to recruiting clinicians. RESULTS We identified 62 reportable molecular diagnoses with variants in these nine ciliopathy genes. Forty-four have been reported by 100K, 5 were previously unreported and 13 are new diagnoses. We identified 11 participants with unreportable, novel molecular diagnoses, who lacked key clinical features to justify reporting to recruiting clinicians. Two participants had likely pathogenic structural variants and one a deep intronic predicted splice variant. These variants would not be prioritised for review by standard 100K diagnostic pipelines. CONCLUSION Reverse phenotyping improves the rate of successful molecular diagnosis for unsolved 100K participants with primary ciliopathies. Previous analyses likely missed these diagnoses because incomplete HPO term entry led to incorrect gene panel choice, meaning that pathogenic variants were not prioritised. Better phenotyping data are therefore essential for accurate variant interpretation and improved patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayna Best
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Jing Yu
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew Roche
- Windsor House Group Practice, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher Mark Watson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- North East and Yorkshire Genomic Laboratory Hub, Central Lab, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Roel P J Bevers
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alex Stuckey
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Rosalyn Jewell
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont, UK
| | - Siying Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Stephen Turner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK
| | - Hannah Robinson
- Exeter Genomics Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Joseph S Leslie
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Emma Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Carmel Toomes
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Chris Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Colin A Johnson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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7
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Penrice-Randal R, Dong X, Shapanis AG, Gardner A, Harding N, Legebeke J, Lord J, Vallejo AF, Poole S, Brendish NJ, Hartley C, Williams AP, Wheway G, Polak ME, Strazzeri F, Schofield JPR, Skipp PJ, Hiscox JA, Clark TW, Baralle D. Blood gene expression predicts intensive care unit admission in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:988685. [PMID: 36203591 PMCID: PMC9530807 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has created pressure on healthcare systems worldwide. Tools that can stratify individuals according to prognosis could allow for more efficient allocation of healthcare resources and thus improved patient outcomes. It is currently unclear if blood gene expression signatures derived from patients at the point of admission to hospital could provide useful prognostic information.MethodsGene expression of whole blood obtained at the point of admission from a cohort of 78 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during the first wave was measured by high resolution RNA sequencing. Gene signatures predictive of admission to Intensive Care Unit were identified and tested using machine learning and topological data analysis, TopMD.ResultsThe best gene expression signature predictive of ICU admission was defined using topological data analysis with an accuracy: 0.72 and ROC AUC: 0.76. The gene signature was primarily based on differentially activated pathways controlling epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) presentation, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) signalling and Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling.ConclusionsGene expression signatures from blood taken at the point of admission to hospital predicted ICU admission of treatment naïve patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Penrice-Randal
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- TopMD Precision Medicine Ltd, Southampton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Rebekah Penrice-Randal,
| | - Xiaofeng Dong
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew George Shapanis
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Gardner
- TopMD Precision Medicine Ltd, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jelmer Legebeke
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Lord
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andres F. Vallejo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Poole
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan J. Brendish
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Hartley
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony P. Williams
- Cancer Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Marta E. Polak
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Paul J. Skipp
- TopMD Precision Medicine Ltd, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Centre for Proteomic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Julian A. Hiscox
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- ASTAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories (ASTAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tristan W. Clark
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Baralle
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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8
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Nazlamova L, Villa Vasquez SS, Lord J, Karthik V, Cheung MK, Lakowski J, Wheway G. Microtubule modification defects underlie cilium degeneration in cell models of retinitis pigmentosa associated with pre-mRNA splicing factor mutations. Front Genet 2022; 13:1009430. [PMID: 36176300 PMCID: PMC9513239 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1009430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of hereditary blindness, and may occur in isolation as a non-syndromic condition or alongside other features in a syndromic presentation. Biallelic or monoallelic mutations in one of eight genes encoding pre-mRNA splicing factors are associated with non-syndromic RP. The molecular mechanism of disease remains incompletely understood, limiting opportunities for targeted treatment. Here we use CRISPR and base edited PRPF6 and PRPF31 mutant cell lines, and publicly-available data from human PRPF31+/− patient derived retinal organoids and PRPF31 siRNA-treated organotypic retinal cultures to confirm an enrichment of differential splicing of microtubule, centrosomal, cilium and DNA damage response pathway genes in these cells. We show that genes with microtubule/centrosome/centriole/cilium gene ontology terms are enriched for weak 3′ and 5′ splice sites, and that subtle defects in spliceosome activity predominantly affect efficiency of splicing of these exons. We suggest that the primary defect in PRPF6 or PRPF31 mutant cells is microtubule and centrosomal defects, leading to defects in cilium and mitotic spindle stability, with the latter leading to DNA damage, triggering differential splicing of DNA damage response genes to activate this pathway. Finally, we expand understanding of “splicing factor RP” by investigating the function of TTLL3, one of the most statistically differentially expressed genes in PRPF6 and PRPF31 mutant cells. We identify that TTLL3 is the only tubulin glycylase expressed in the human retina, essential for monoglycylation of microtubules of the cilium, including the retinal photoreceptor cilium, to prevent cilium degeneration and retinal degeneration. Our preliminary data suggest that rescue of tubulin glycylation through overexpression of TTLL3 is sufficient to rescue cilium number in PRPF6 and PRPF31 mutant cells, suggesting that this defect underlies the cellular defect and may represent a potential target for therapeutic intervention in this group of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Nazlamova
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Suly Saray Villa Vasquez
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Lord
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Varshini Karthik
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Man-Kim Cheung
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn Lakowski
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Gabrielle Wheway,
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9
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Best S, Lord J, Roche M, Watson CM, Poulter JA, Bevers RPJ, Stuckey A, Szymanska K, Ellingford JM, Carmichael J, Brittain H, Toomes C, Inglehearn C, Johnson CA, Wheway G. Molecular diagnoses in the congenital malformations caused by ciliopathies cohort of the 100,000 Genomes Project. J Med Genet 2022; 59:737-747. [PMID: 34716235 PMCID: PMC9340050 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-108065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary ciliopathies represent a group of inherited disorders due to defects in the primary cilium, the 'cell's antenna'. The 100,000 Genomes Project was launched in 2012 by Genomics England (GEL), recruiting National Health Service (NHS) patients with eligible rare diseases and cancer. Sequence data were linked to Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms entered by recruiting clinicians. METHODS Eighty-three prescreened probands were recruited to the 100,000 Genomes Project suspected to have congenital malformations caused by ciliopathies in the following disease categories: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (n=45), Joubert syndrome (n=14) and 'Rare Multisystem Ciliopathy Disorders' (n=24). We implemented a bespoke variant filtering and analysis strategy to improve molecular diagnostic rates for these participants. RESULTS We determined a research molecular diagnosis for n=43/83 (51.8%) probands. This is 19.3% higher than previously reported by GEL (n=27/83 (32.5%)). A high proportion of diagnoses are due to variants in non-ciliopathy disease genes (n=19/43, 44.2%) which may reflect difficulties in clinical recognition of ciliopathies. n=11/83 probands (13.3%) had at least one causative variant outside the tiers 1 and 2 variant prioritisation categories (GEL's automated triaging procedure), which would not be reviewed in standard 100,000 Genomes Project diagnostic strategies. These include four structural variants and three predicted to cause non-canonical splicing defects. Two unrelated participants have biallelic likely pathogenic variants in LRRC45, a putative novel ciliopathy disease gene. CONCLUSION These data illustrate the power of linking large-scale genome sequence to phenotype information. They demonstrate the value of research collaborations in order to maximise interpretation of genomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayna Best
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Department of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Christopher M Watson
- Department of Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - James A Poulter
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Roel P J Bevers
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alex Stuckey
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Katarzyna Szymanska
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Jamie M Ellingford
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - Jenny Carmichael
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Brittain
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Carmel Toomes
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Chris Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Colin A Johnson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- Department of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
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10
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Blakes AJM, Wai HA, Davies I, Moledina HE, Ruiz A, Thomas T, Bunyan D, Thomas NS, Burren CP, Greenhalgh L, Lees M, Pichini A, Smithson SF, Taylor Tavares AL, O'Donovan P, Douglas AGL, Whiffin N, Baralle D, Lord J. A systematic analysis of splicing variants identifies new diagnoses in the 100,000 Genomes Project. Genome Med 2022; 14:79. [PMID: 35883178 PMCID: PMC9327385 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic variants which disrupt splicing are a major cause of rare genetic diseases. However, variants which lie outside of the canonical splice sites are difficult to interpret clinically. Improving the clinical interpretation of non-canonical splicing variants offers a major opportunity to uplift diagnostic yields from whole genome sequencing data. Methods Here, we examine the landscape of splicing variants in whole-genome sequencing data from 38,688 individuals in the 100,000 Genomes Project and assess the contribution of non-canonical splicing variants to rare genetic diseases. We use a variant-level constraint metric (the mutability-adjusted proportion of singletons) to identify constrained functional variant classes near exon–intron junctions and at putative splicing branchpoints. To identify new diagnoses for individuals with unsolved rare diseases in the 100,000 Genomes Project, we identified individuals with de novo single-nucleotide variants near exon–intron boundaries and at putative splicing branchpoints in known disease genes. We identified candidate diagnostic variants through manual phenotype matching and confirmed new molecular diagnoses through clinical variant interpretation and functional RNA studies. Results We show that near-splice positions and splicing branchpoints are highly constrained by purifying selection and harbour potentially damaging non-coding variants which are amenable to systematic analysis in sequencing data. From 258 de novo splicing variants in known rare disease genes, we identify 35 new likely diagnoses in probands with an unsolved rare disease. To date, we have confirmed a new diagnosis for six individuals, including four in whom RNA studies were performed. Conclusions Overall, we demonstrate the clinical value of examining non-canonical splicing variants in individuals with unsolved rare diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-022-01087-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J M Blakes
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Htoo A Wai
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian Davies
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hassan E Moledina
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - April Ruiz
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Tessy Thomas
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - David Bunyan
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - N Simon Thomas
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Christine P Burren
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.,Bristol Medical School, Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lynn Greenhalgh
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK
| | - Melissa Lees
- North East Thames Regional Genomics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Amanda Pichini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.,Genomics England, Dawson Hall, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Sarah F Smithson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Ana Lisa Taylor Tavares
- Genomics England, Dawson Hall, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.,Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter O'Donovan
- Genomics England, Dawson Hall, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Andrew G L Douglas
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nicola Whiffin
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Diana Baralle
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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11
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Ellingford JM, Ahn JW, Bagnall RD, Baralle D, Barton S, Campbell C, Downes K, Ellard S, Duff-Farrier C, FitzPatrick DR, Greally JM, Ingles J, Krishnan N, Lord J, Martin HC, Newman WG, O’Donnell-Luria A, Ramsden SC, Rehm HL, Richardson E, Singer-Berk M, Taylor JC, Williams M, Wood JC, Wright CF, Harrison SM, Whiffin N. Recommendations for clinical interpretation of variants found in non-coding regions of the genome. Genome Med 2022; 14:73. [PMID: 35850704 PMCID: PMC9295495 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of clinical genetic testing focuses almost exclusively on regions of the genome that directly encode proteins. The important role of variants in non-coding regions in penetrant disease is, however, increasingly being demonstrated, and the use of whole genome sequencing in clinical diagnostic settings is rising across a large range of genetic disorders. Despite this, there is no existing guidance on how current guidelines designed primarily for variants in protein-coding regions should be adapted for variants identified in other genomic contexts. METHODS We convened a panel of nine clinical and research scientists with wide-ranging expertise in clinical variant interpretation, with specific experience in variants within non-coding regions. This panel discussed and refined an initial draft of the guidelines which were then extensively tested and reviewed by external groups. RESULTS We discuss considerations specifically for variants in non-coding regions of the genome. We outline how to define candidate regulatory elements, highlight examples of mechanisms through which non-coding region variants can lead to penetrant monogenic disease, and outline how existing guidelines can be adapted for the interpretation of these variants. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations aim to increase the number and range of non-coding region variants that can be clinically interpreted, which, together with a compatible phenotype, can lead to new diagnoses and catalyse the discovery of novel disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M. Ellingford
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicines and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK ,grid.498924.a0000 0004 0430 9101Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL UK ,grid.498322.6Genomics England, London, UK
| | - Joo Wook Ahn
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Cambridge Genomics Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard D. Bagnall
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XAgnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Diana Baralle
- grid.5491.90000 0004 1936 9297School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK ,grid.430506.40000 0004 0465 4079Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Stephanie Barton
- grid.498924.a0000 0004 0430 9101Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL UK
| | - Chris Campbell
- grid.498924.a0000 0004 0430 9101Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL UK
| | - Kate Downes
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Cambridge Genomics Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sian Ellard
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK ,grid.419309.60000 0004 0495 6261South West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Exeter Genomic Laboratory, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Celia Duff-Farrier
- grid.418484.50000 0004 0380 7221South West NHS Genomic Laboratory Hub, Bristol Genetics Laboratory, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - David R. FitzPatrick
- grid.417068.c0000 0004 0624 9907MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John M. Greally
- grid.251993.50000000121791997Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetic, Medicine, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Montefiore Medical Center/Albert, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Jodie Ingles
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Population Genomics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neesha Krishnan
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Population Genomics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jenny Lord
- grid.5491.90000 0004 1936 9297School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hilary C. Martin
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - William G. Newman
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicines and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK ,grid.498924.a0000 0004 0430 9101Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL UK
| | - Anne O’Donnell-Luria
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Simon C. Ramsden
- grid.498924.a0000 0004 0430 9101Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL UK
| | - Heidi L. Rehm
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ebony Richardson
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Population Genomics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Moriel Singer-Berk
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Jenny C. Taylor
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Maggie Williams
- grid.418484.50000 0004 0380 7221South West NHS Genomic Laboratory Hub, Bristol Genetics Laboratory, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Jordan C. Wood
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Caroline F. Wright
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Steven M. Harrison
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.465138.d0000 0004 0455 211XAmbry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA USA
| | - Nicola Whiffin
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
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12
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Legebeke J, Lord J, Penrice-Randal R, Vallejo AF, Poole S, Brendish NJ, Dong X, Hartley C, Holloway JW, Lucas JS, Williams AP, Wheway G, Strazzeri F, Gardner A, Schofield JPR, Skipp PJ, Hiscox JA, Polak ME, Clark TW, Baralle D. Evaluating the Immune Response in Treatment-Naive Hospitalised Patients With Influenza and COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:853265. [PMID: 35663963 PMCID: PMC9160963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.853265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has claimed millions of lives and has had a profound effect on global life. Understanding the body’s immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial in improving patient management and prognosis. In this study we compared influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infected patient cohorts to identify distinct blood transcript abundances and cellular composition to better understand the natural immune response associated with COVID-19, compared to another viral infection being influenza, and identify a prognostic signature of COVID-19 patient outcome. Clinical characteristics and peripheral blood were acquired upon hospital admission from two well characterised cohorts, a cohort of 88 patients infected with influenza and a cohort of 80 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first wave of the pandemic and prior to availability of COVID-19 treatments and vaccines. Gene transcript abundances, enriched pathways and cellular composition were compared between cohorts using RNA-seq. A genetic signature between COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors was assessed as a prognostic predictor of COVID-19 outcome. Contrasting immune responses were detected with an innate response elevated in influenza and an adaptive response elevated in COVID-19. Additionally ribosomal, mitochondrial oxidative stress and interferon signalling pathways differentiated the cohorts. An adaptive immune response was associated with COVID-19 survival, while an inflammatory response predicted death. A prognostic transcript signature, associated with circulating immunoglobulins, nucleosome assembly, cytokine production and T cell activation, was able to stratify COVID-19 patients likely to survive or die. This study provides a unique insight into the immune responses of treatment naïve patients with influenza or COVID-19. The comparison of immune response between COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors enables prognostication of COVID-19 patients and may suggest potential therapeutic strategies to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelmer Legebeke
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Lord
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah Penrice-Randal
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andres F Vallejo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Poole
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan J Brendish
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaofeng Dong
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Hartley
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John W Holloway
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jane S Lucas
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony P Williams
- Cancer Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aaron Gardner
- TopMD Precision Medicine Ltd, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul J Skipp
- TopMD Precision Medicine Ltd, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Centre for Proteomic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Julian A Hiscox
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,ASTAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories (ASTAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marta E Polak
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan W Clark
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Baralle
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Duggal N, Raza K, Sharma-Oates A, Rivera N, Padyukov L, Pratt A, Niemantsverdriet E, van der Helm-van Mil A, Jones S, Lord J. AB0034 INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF ACCELERATED IMMUNESENESCENCE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAdvancing age is recognised as a major risk factor for autoimmune inflammatory conditions, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Despite strong associations with older age we understand little of the role ageing processes play in disease pathogenesis in RA. The immune system undergoes a dramatic remodelling with age, termed immunesenescence, which contributes towards increased risk of autoimmunity1. Previous research in patients with established RA has shown certain features of immunesenescence, such as thymic atrophy and telomere shortening in T cells, at a younger age2,3.ObjectivesIn this study we aimed to determine if immunesenescence is seen in the very earliest stages of RA and therefore might be a contributor to RA pathogenesis rather than a result of the disease.MethodsWe have assessed aspects of the aged immune phenotype by immunostaining and flow cytometry4 in adults with arthralgia (n=25), undifferentiated arthritis (UA; n=41), confirmed RA of less than 3 months (n=25) and more than 3 months duration (n=78) and compared these to age and sex matched healthy controls (n=38). Nanostring methodology was used to determine gene expression changes associated with the development of RA.ResultsWe observed increased features of T and B cell immunesenescence in DMARD-naïve recently diagnosed RA patients driven by reduced naïve T cells (p<0.01) and B cells (p<0.01), increased senescent (CD28-ve, CD57+ve, KLRG1+ve) T cells (p<0.01), an increased Th17/Treg ratio (p<0.01) and increased frequency of age-associated B cells (p<0.01). With the exception of naïve T cell frequency, which was reduced in UA patients (p<0.05), these changes were not seen in the very early stages of RA, namely patients with arthralgia and UA. These data suggest that immunesenescence only occurs once disease is established. Furthermore, using nanostring we have identified several biological ageing processes (DNA damage, autophagy) associated with this state of immunesenescence in RA.ConclusionAccelerated immune ageing is an early feature of RA and biological ageing processes represent novel targets to modulate disease progression.References[1]Duggal NA, Upton JA, Phillips AC, Sapey E, Lord JM (2013) An age-related numerical and functional deficit in CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells is associated with an increase in systemic autoimmunity. Aging Cell 12:873-881.[2]Goronzy, J.J. and Weyand CM (2001). Thymic function and peripheral T-cell homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis. Trends Immunol. 22(5):251-5.[3]Steer SE, Williams FMK, Kato B, Gardner JP, Norman PJ, Hall MA, Kimra M, Vaughan R, Aviv A, Spector T (2007) Reduced telomere length in rheumatoid arthritis in independent of disease activity and duration. Ann Rheum Dis 66:476-480.[4]Duggal NA, Pollock RD, Lazarus NR, Harridge S, Lord JM (2018). Major features of immunesenescence, including reduced thymic output, are ameliorated by high levels of physical activity in adulthood. Aging Cell 17:e12750Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Sharma-Oates A, Rivera N, Duggal N, Raza K, Padyukov L, Pratt A, Niemantsverdriet E, van der Helm-van Mil A, Jones S, Lord J. AB0091 INCREASED BIOLOGICAL AGE IN MALE PARTICIPANTS OF SWEDISH AND UK RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COHORTS IS NOT LINKED TO DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundImmunesenescence in the adaptive immune system, subsequent to thymic involution, results in compromised immunity and increased susceptibility to autoimmune disease and chronic inflammation. There are reports in the literature that immunesenescence, including thymic atrophy and telomere shortening, is accelerated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. What is unclear is whether RA includes accelerated biological ageing overall in addition to immune ageing which may help to explain the increased risk of age-related diseases in RA2. Recent studies have identified a set of DNA methylated sites across the genome that are highly correlated with chronological age and mortality, termed epigenetic clocks3,4 or DNAm age (DNAma), and can be used to determine an individual’s biological age.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to determine if the biological epigenetic clocks of RA patients are accelerated.MethodsWe evaluated the Horvath3 and Hannum4 epigenetic clocks of control and RA patients using published DNAm data sets, accessions GSE42861 (EIRA, Swedish cohort of 342 RA patients and 328 non-RA controls) and E-MTAB-6988 (77 RA discordant monozygotic twins).ResultsWe did not detect significant differences between DNAma of RA and non-RA twins. Similarly, there were no significant differences between the DNAma of RA patients and controls from the Swedish EIRA cohort. However, we detected a significant acceleration in DNAma of male discordant twins, both RA and non-RA, by 5.4 years (p=3.29e-5) and 2.8 years (p=0.04) using the Hannum and Horvath clocks, respectively. Male participants, both control and RA patients, from the EIRA cohort also exhibited an accelerated DNAma, by 1.5 years (p=7.55e-5) using the Hannum clock but using the Horvath clock a significant DNAma acceleration, by 1.4 years (p=0.002) was detected in male RA patients from the EIRA cohort.ConclusionOverall, we detected a significant biological age acceleration in male participants from both RA and control groups and only found a significant difference between DNAma of Non-RA controls and RA patients for one of the epigenetic clocks. Further analysis using additional cohort data and biological clock algorithms is needed to confirm our findings.References[1]Goronzy, J.J. and Weyand CM (2001). Thymic function and peripheral T-cell homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis. Trends Immunol. 22(5):251-5.[2]Meune C, et al. (2009) Trends in cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 50 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Rheumatol 48:1309-1313.[3]Horvath S (2013) DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types. Genome Biol 14:R115.[4]Hannum G, et al (2013) Genome-wide Methylation Profiles Reveal Quantitative Views of Human Aging Rates. Mol Cell 49:359-367.AcknowledgementsThe study was funded by FOREUMDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Baptiste C, Mellis R, Aggarwal V, Lord J, Eberhardt R, Kilby MD, Maher ER, Wapner R, Giordano J, Chitty LS. Fetal central nervous system anomalies: When should we offer exome sequencing? Prenat Diagn 2022; 42:736-743. [PMID: 35411553 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the detection of pathogenic variants using exome sequencing in an international cohort of fetuses with central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. METHODS We reviewed trio exome sequencing (ES) results for two previously reported unselected cohorts (Prenatal Assessment of Genomes and Exomes (PAGE) and CUIMC) to identify fetuses with CNS anomalies with unremarkable karyotypes and chromosomal microarrays. Variants were classified according to ACMG guidelines and association of pathogenic variants with specific types of CNS anomalies explored. RESULTS ES was performed in 268 pregnancies with a CNS anomaly identified using prenatal ultrasound . Of those with an isolated, single, CNS anomaly, 7/97 (7.2%) had a likely pathogenic/pathogenic (LP/P) variant. This includes 3/23 (13%) fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly and 3/10 (30%) fetuses with isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum. Where there were multiple anomalies within the CNS, 12/63 (19%) had LP/P variants. Of the 108 cases with CNS and other organ system anomalies, 18 (16.7%) had LP/P findings. CONCLUSION ES is an important tool in the prenatal evaluation of fetuses with any CNS anomaly. The rate of LP/P variants tends to be highest in fetuses with multiple CNS anomalies and multisystem anomalies, however, ES may also be of benefit for isolated CNS anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baptiste
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 3959 Broadway, New York, 10032-3784, United States
| | - R Mellis
- Genetics and Genomic MedicineUCL GOS Institute of Child Health, UCL, 30 Guilford St, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - V Aggarwal
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - J Lord
- Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - R Eberhardt
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - M D Kilby
- Dept. of Fetal Medicine, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Metchley Park rd.Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TG, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - E R Maher
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - R Wapner
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Centerm, New York, United States
| | - J Giordano
- MFM, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway, New York, 10032, United States
| | - L S Chitty
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health.30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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16
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Best S, Lord J, Roche M, Watson C, Poulter J, Szymanska K, Ellingford J, Carmichael J, Brittain H, Toomes C, Inglehearn C, Johnson C, Wheway G. Molecular diagnoses in the congenital malformations caused by ciliopathies cohort of the 100 000 genomes project. Acta Ophthalmol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2022.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunayna Best
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds
| | - Jenny Lord
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
- Faculty of Medicine Human Development and Health University of Southampton Southampton
| | | | - Christopher Watson
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds
| | - James Poulter
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
| | - Katarzyna Szymanska
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
| | - Jamie Ellingford
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester
| | | | | | - Carmel Toomes
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
| | - Chris Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
| | - Colin Johnson
- Division of Molecular Medicine Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James University of Leeds
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
- Faculty of Medicine Human Development and Health University of Southampton Southampton
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17
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Rowlands C, Thomas HB, Lord J, Wai HA, Arno G, Beaman G, Sergouniotis P, Gomes-Silva B, Campbell C, Gossan N, Hardcastle C, Webb K, O'Callaghan C, Hirst RA, Ramsden S, Jones E, Clayton-Smith J, Webster AR, Douglas AGL, O'Keefe RT, Newman WG, Baralle D, Black GCM, Ellingford JM. Comparison of in silico strategies to prioritize rare genomic variants impacting RNA splicing for the diagnosis of genomic disorders. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20607. [PMID: 34663891 PMCID: PMC8523691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of computational methods to assess pathogenicity of pre-messenger RNA splicing variants is critical for diagnosis of human disease. We assessed the capability of eight algorithms, and a consensus approach, to prioritize 249 variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) that underwent splicing functional analyses. The capability of algorithms to differentiate VUSs away from the immediate splice site as being 'pathogenic' or 'benign' is likely to have substantial impact on diagnostic testing. We show that SpliceAI is the best single strategy in this regard, but that combined usage of tools using a weighted approach can increase accuracy further. We incorporated prioritization strategies alongside diagnostic testing for rare disorders. We show that 15% of 2783 referred individuals carry rare variants expected to impact splicing that were not initially identified as 'pathogenic' or 'likely pathogenic'; one in five of these cases could lead to new or refined diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Rowlands
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Huw B Thomas
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Htoo A Wai
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gavin Arno
- Institute of Ophthalmology, UCL, London, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Glenda Beaman
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Panagiotis Sergouniotis
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Beatriz Gomes-Silva
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Campbell
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicole Gossan
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Claire Hardcastle
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Kevin Webb
- Manchester Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher O'Callaghan
- Respiratory, Critical Care and Anaesthesia, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital & NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, RKCSB, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, RKCSB, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Simon Ramsden
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Elizabeth Jones
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew R Webster
- Institute of Ophthalmology, UCL, London, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew G L Douglas
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Raymond T O'Keefe
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Graeme C M Black
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Jamie M Ellingford
- North West Genomic Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience and Mental Health Domain, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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18
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Mone F, Eberhardt RY, Hurles ME, Mcmullan DJ, Maher ER, Lord J, Chitty LS, Dempsey E, Homfray T, Giordano JL, Wapner RJ, Sun L, Sparks TN, Norton ME, Kilby MD. Fetal hydrops and the Incremental yield of Next-generation sequencing over standard prenatal Diagnostic testing (FIND) study: prospective cohort study and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:509-518. [PMID: 33847422 PMCID: PMC8487902 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incremental yield of exome sequencing (ES) over chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) or karyotyping in prenatally diagnosed non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF). METHODS A prospective cohort study (comprising an extended group of the Prenatal Assessment of Genomes and Exomes (PAGE) study) was performed which included 28 cases of prenatally diagnosed NIHF undergoing trio ES following negative CMA or karyotyping. These cases were combined with data from a systematic review of the literature. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched electronically (January 2000 to October 2020) for studies reporting on the incremental yield of ES over CMA or karyotyping in fetuses with prenatally detected NIHF. Inclusion criteria for the systematic review were: (i) at least two cases of NIHF undergoing sequencing; (ii) testing initiated based on prenatal ultrasound-based phenotype; and (iii) negative CMA or karyotyping result. The incremental diagnostic yield of ES was assessed in: (i) all cases of NIHF; (ii) isolated NIHF; (iii) NIHF associated with an additional fetal structural anomaly; and (iv) NIHF according to severity (i.e. two vs three or more cavities affected). RESULTS In the extended PAGE study cohort, the additional diagnostic yield of ES over CMA or karyotyping was 25.0% (7/28) in all NIHF cases, 21.4% (3/14) in those with isolated NIHF and 28.6% (4/14) in those with non-isolated NIHF. In the meta-analysis, the pooled incremental yield based on 21 studies (306 cases) was 29% (95% CI, 24-34%; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) in all NIHF, 21% (95% CI, 13-30%; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) in isolated NIHF and 39% (95% CI, 30-49%; P < 0.00001; I2 = 1%) in NIHF associated with an additional fetal structural anomaly. In the latter group, congenital limb contractures were the most prevalent additional structural anomaly associated with a causative pathogenic variant, occurring in 17.3% (19/110) of cases. The incremental yield did not differ significantly according to hydrops severity. The most common genetic disorders identified were RASopathies, occurring in 30.3% (27/89) of cases with a causative pathogenic variant, most frequently due to a PTPN11 variant (44.4%; 12/27). The predominant inheritance pattern in causative pathogenic variants was autosomal dominant in monoallelic disease genes (57.3%; 51/89), with most being de novo (86.3%; 44/51). CONCLUSIONS Use of prenatal next-generation sequencing in both isolated and non-isolated NIHF should be considered in the development of clinical pathways. Given the wide range of potential syndromic diagnoses and heterogeneity in the prenatal phenotype of NIHF, exome or whole-genome sequencing may prove to be a more appropriate testing approach than a targeted gene panel testing strategy. © 2021 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mone
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - D J Mcmullan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - E R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Lord
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - L S Chitty
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - E Dempsey
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - T Homfray
- SW Thames Regional Genetics Department, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J L Giordano
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R J Wapner
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - L Sun
- Fetal Medicine Unit and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - T N Sparks
- Center for Maternal-Fetal Precision Medicine, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M E Norton
- Center for Maternal-Fetal Precision Medicine, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M D Kilby
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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19
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Wheway G, Thomas NS, Carroll M, Coles J, Doherty R, Goggin P, Green B, Harris A, Hunt D, Jackson CL, Lord J, Mennella V, Thompson J, Walker WT, Lucas JS. Whole genome sequencing in the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:234. [PMID: 34556108 PMCID: PMC8461892 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that 1-13% of cases of bronchiectasis in adults globally are attributable to primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) but many adult patients with bronchiectasis have not been investigated for PCD. PCD is a disorder caused by mutations in genes required for motile cilium structure or function, resulting in impaired mucociliary clearance. Symptoms appear in infancy but diagnosis is often late or missed, often due to the lack of a "gold standard" diagnostic tool and non-specific symptoms. Mutations in > 50 genes account for around 70% of cases, with additional genes, and non-coding, synonymous, missense changes or structural variants (SVs) in known genes presumed to account for the missing heritability. METHODS UK patients with no identified genetic confirmation for the cause of their PCD or bronchiectasis were eligible for whole genome sequencing (WGS) in the Genomics England Ltd 100,000 Genomes Project. 21 PCD probands and 52 non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis probands were recruited in Wessex Genome Medicine Centre (GMC). We carried out analysis of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and SVs in all families recruited in Wessex GMC. RESULTS 16/21 probands in the PCD cohort received confirmed (n = 9), probable (n = 4) or possible (n = 3) diagnosis from WGS, although 13/16 of these could have been picked up by current standard of care gene panel testing. In the other cases, SVs were identified which were missed by panel testing. We identified variants in novel PCD candidate genes (IFT140 and PLK4) in 2 probands in the PCD cohort. 3/52 probands in the non-CF bronchiectasis cohort received a confirmed (n = 2) or possible (n = 1) diagnosis of PCD. We identified variants in novel PCD candidate genes (CFAP53 and CEP164) in 2 further probands in the non-CF bronchiectasis cohort. CONCLUSIONS Genetic testing is an important component of diagnosing PCD, especially in cases of atypical disease history. WGS is effective in cases where prior gene panel testing has found no variants or only heterozygous variants. In these cases it may detect SVs and is a powerful tool for novel gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Wheway
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. .,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - N Simon Thomas
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NSF Foundation Trust, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
| | - Mary Carroll
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janice Coles
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Regan Doherty
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,Biomedical Imaging Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Patricia Goggin
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,Biomedical Imaging Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ben Green
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Amanda Harris
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - David Hunt
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Claire L Jackson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Vito Mennella
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - James Thompson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Woolf T Walker
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Jane S Lucas
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. .,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
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Haas LEM, Boumendil A, Flaatten H, Guidet B, Ibarz M, Jung C, Moreno R, Morandi A, Andersen FH, Zafeiridis T, Walther S, Oeyen S, Leaver S, Watson X, Boulanger C, Szczeklik W, Schefold JC, Cecconi M, Marsh B, Joannidis M, Nalapko Y, Elhadi M, Fjølner J, Artigas A, de Lange DW, Joannidis M, Eller P, Helbok R, Schmutz R, Nollet J, de Neve N, De Buysscher P, Oeyen S, Swinnen W, Mikačić M, Bastiansen A, Husted A, Dahle BES, Cramer C, Sølling C, Ørsnes D, Thomsen JE, Pedersen JJ, Enevoldsen MH, Elkmann T, Kubisz-Pudelko A, Pope A, Collins A, Raj AS, Boulanger C, Frey C, Hart C, Bolger C, Spray D, Randell G, Filipe H, Welters ID, Grecu I, Evans J, Cupitt J, Lord J, Henning J, Jones J, Ball J, North J, Salaunkey K, De Gordoa LOR, Bell L, Balasubramaniam M, Vizcaychipi M, Faulkner M, Mupudzi M, Lea-Hagerty M, Reay M, Spivey M, Love N, Spittle NSN, White N, Williams P, Morgan P, Wakefield P, Savine R, Jacob R, Innes R, Kapoor R, Humphreys S, Rose S, Dowling S, Leaver S, Mane T, Lawton T, Ogbeide V, Khaliq W, Baird Y, Romen A, Galbois A, Guidet B, Vinsonneau C, Charron C, Thevenin D, Guerot E, Besch G, Savary G, Mentec H, Chagnon JL, Rigaud JP, Quenot JP, Castaneray J, Rosman J, Maizel J, Tiercelet K, Vettoretti L, Hovaere MM, Messika M, Djibré M, Rolin N, Burtin P, Garcon P, Nseir S, Valette X, Rabe C, Barth E, Ebelt H, Fuest K, Franz M, Horacek M, Schuster M, Meybohm P, Bruno RR, Allgäuer S, Dubler S, Schaller SJ, Schering S, Steiner S, Dieck T, Rahmel T, Graf T, Koutsikou A, Vakalos A, Raitsiou B, Flioni EN, Neou E, Tsimpoukas F, Papathanakos G, Marinakis G, Koutsodimitropoulos I, Aikaterini K, Rovina N, Kourelea S, Polychronis T, Zidianakis V, Konstantinia V, Aidoni Z, Marsh B, Motherway C, Read C, Martin-Loeches I, Cracchiolo AN, Morigi A, Calamai I, Brusa S, Elhadi A, Tarek A, Khaled A, Ahmed H, Belkhair WA, Cornet AD, Gommers D, de Lange D, van Boven E, Haringman J, Haas L, van den Berg L, Hoiting O, de Jager P, Gerritsen RT, Dormans T, Dieperink W, Breidablik ABA, Slapgard A, Rime AK, Jannestad B, Sjøbøe B, Rice E, Andersen FH, Strietzel HF, Jensen JP, Langørgen J, Tøien K, Strand K, Hahn M, Klepstad P, Biernacka A, Kluzik A, Kudlinski B, Maciejewski D, Studzińska D, Hymczak H, Stefaniak J, Solek-Pastuszka J, Zorska J, Cwyl K, Krzych LJ, Zukowski M, Lipińska-Gediga M, Pietruszko M, Piechota M, Serwa M, Czuczwar M, Ziętkiewicz M, Kozera N, Nasiłowski P, Sendur P, Zatorski P, Galkin P, Gawda R, Kościuczuk U, Cyrankiewicz W, Gola W, Pinto AF, Fernandes AM, Santos AR, Sousa C, Barros I, Ferreira IA, Blanco JB, Carvalho JT, Maia J, Candeias N, Catorze N, Belskiy V, Lores A, Mira AP, Cilloniz C, Perez-Torres D, Maseda E, Rodriguez E, Prol-Silva E, Eixarch G, Gomà G, Aguilar G, Velasco GN, Jaimes MI, Villamayor MI, Fernández NL, Cubero PJ, López-Cuenca S, Tomasa T, Sjöqvist A, Brorsson C, Schiöler F, Westberg H, Nauska J, Sivik J, Berkius J, Thiringer KK, De Geer L, Walther S, Boroli F, Schefold JC, Hergafi L, Eckert P, Yıldız I, Yovenko I, Nalapko Y, Nalapko Y, Pugh R. Frailty is associated with long-term outcome in patients with sepsis who are over 80 years old: results from an observational study in 241 European ICUs. Age Ageing 2021; 50:1719-1727. [PMID: 33744918 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is one of the most frequent reasons for acute intensive care unit (ICU) admission of very old patients and mortality rates are high. However, the impact of pre-existing physical and cognitive function on long-term outcome of ICU patients ≥ 80 years old (very old intensive care patients (VIPs)) with sepsis is unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate both the short- and long-term mortality of VIPs admitted with sepsis and assess the relation of mortality with pre-existing physical and cognitive function. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING 241 ICUs from 22 European countries in a six-month period between May 2018 and May 2019. SUBJECTS Acutely admitted ICU patients aged ≥80 years with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score ≥ 2. METHODS Sepsis was defined according to the sepsis 3.0 criteria. Patients with sepsis as an admission diagnosis were compared with other acutely admitted patients. In addition to patients' characteristics, disease severity, information about comorbidity and polypharmacy and pre-existing physical and cognitive function were collected. RESULTS Out of 3,596 acutely admitted VIPs with SOFA score ≥ 2, a group of 532 patients with sepsis were compared to other admissions. Predictors for 6-month mortality were age (per 5 years): Hazard ratio (HR, 1.16 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.25, P < 0.0001), SOFA (per one-point): HR, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.14-1.17, P < 0.0001) and frailty (CFS > 4): HR, 1.34 (95% CI, 1.18-1.51, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS There is substantial long-term mortality in VIPs admitted with sepsis. Frailty, age and disease severity were identified as predictors of long-term mortality in VIPs admitted with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenneke E M Haas
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ariane Boumendil
- Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Réanimation Médicale. Paris F-75012, France
| | - Hans Flaatten
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bertrand Guidet
- Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Réanimation, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Mercedes Ibarz
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Universitary Hospital Sagrat Cor Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rui Moreno
- Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neurocríticos e Trauma. Hospital de São José, Centro Hospitalar, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Lisboa (Nova Medical School), Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alessandro Morandi
- Department of Rehabilitation and Aged Care, Hospital Ancelle, Cremona, Italy. Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili and Vall d’Hebrón Institute of Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Finn H Andersen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Ålesund Hospital, Ålesund, Norway, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Sten Walther
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Heart Centre, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sandra Oeyen
- Department of Intensive Care 1K12IC, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Susannah Leaver
- Research Lead Critical Care Directorate St George's University Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Carole Boulanger
- Chair NAHP Section ESICM, Intensive Care Unit, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Wojciech Szczeklik
- Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine Division, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joerg C Schefold
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Universitätsspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Brian Marsh
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yuriy Nalapko
- European Wellness International, ICU, Luhansk, Ukraine
| | | | - Jesper Fjølner
- Department of Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Corporacion Sanitaria Universitaria Parc Tauli, Autonomous University of Barcelona. Sabadell, Spain
| | - Dylan W de Lange
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Mutations which affect splicing are significant contributors to rare disease, but are frequently overlooked by diagnostic sequencing pipelines. Greater ascertainment of pathogenic splicing variants will increase diagnostic yields, ending the diagnostic odyssey for patients and families affected by rare disorders, and improving treatment and care strategies. Advances in sequencing technologies, predictive modeling, and understanding of the mechanisms of splicing in recent years pave the way for improved detection and interpretation of splice affecting variants, yet several limitations still prohibit their routine ascertainment in diagnostic testing. This review explores some of these advances in the context of clinical application and discusses challenges to be overcome before these variants are comprehensively and routinely recognized in diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lord
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Baralle
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
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22
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Silverthorne C, Lord J, Bowen C, Tillett W, Mchugh N, Dures E. AB0803 EXPERIENCES OF SCREENING AND DIAGNOSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS (PSA). Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthritis characterised by pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints and affects approximately 0.3 to 1.02% of the UK population [1]. PsA may result in limited physical function and reduced quality of life [2] and is associated with work disability and unemployment [3]. Patients who have the inflammatory skin condition, psoriasis, are at greater risk of developing PsA than those without.Objectives:There is no definitive test for PsA. It is usually diagnosed by rheumatologists in secondary care, after referral from primary care. Evidence suggests a delay in diagnosis results in worse outcomes for patients. This study is nested within a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a new clinical care pathway. The RCT is testing whether screening primary care patients with psoriasis for symptoms of PsA leads to earlier diagnosis and improved outcomes, compared to usual care. This qualitative study explored the acceptability and impact of screening.Methods:Telephone interviews were conducted with patients with psoriasis from two secondary UK care centres taking part in the RCT. The semi-structured interviews explored patients’ thoughts and feelings around screening, the impact of the screening outcome and any changes they made as a result. The semi-structured format allowed flexibility to ask questions that probed more deeply and develop new lines of enquiry based on patients’ responses. Patients who did and did not receive a diagnosis of PsA were interviewed.Results:Twenty-four patients participated in the study (15 women / 9 men) ranging in age from 35 to 73 years old. The length of time patients had psoriasis ranged from 6 to 60 years. Eleven patients were diagnosed with PsA. A Framework Analysis Approach was used to analyse the data. This allowed for an exploration of the predefined areas (the screening process) as well as remaining open to capturing other related experiences and views of patients. Four main themes represent the data (Table 1).Table 1.Main themeSub-themes1. Living with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis:1. Understanding of psoriasis – causes, symptoms, treatments‘It’s [psoriasis] socially debilitating…makes you look a real mess’2. Effects of psoriasis on self, personal and working life‘It’s almost as if the world’s on your shoulders’3. Awareness of PsA2. Experience of screening:1. Thoughts and feelings prior to screening‘I was able to talk and be listened to’2. Valuing ‘high quality’ care‘It’s a lightbulb moment…explained why things were a bit stiff and achy’3. Impact of screening outcome3. Gaining control:1. Increased awareness and knowledge of psoriasis and PsA‘element of surprise that this arthritis should be connected to it [psoriasis]’2. Improved self-management‘You’ve got to learn to listen to your body’3. Early diagnosis of PsA4. Future screening programs:1. Changes to questionnaires‘there weren’t really any questions about were you in pain’2. Use of case studies, sign-posting‘support groups…peer support is crucial with long-term conditions’3. Removing barriers to screeningConclusion:This study indicates screening was viewed as a positive and reassuring experience. Patients valued the fact that screening appointments were not rushed and felt they were being listened to. Patients valued learning about psoriasis and PsA and referred to making changes beneficial to their health. Screening enabled patients to get the help they needed if diagnosed, provided relief if not diagnosed, and sometimes led to the diagnosis of a different condition.References:[1]Gladman DD, Antoni C, Mease P, Clegg DO, Nash P. Psoriatic arthritis: epidemiology, clinical features, course, and outcome. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64(Suppl 2):ii14–7[2]Tillett W, de-Vries C, McHugh NJ. Work disability in psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review. Rheumatology 2012;51:275–83.[3]Alinaghi F, Calov M, Kristensen LE et al. Prevalence of psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and clinical studies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019;80:251–65.e19Acknowledgements:On behalf of the PROMPT study team.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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23
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Martin-Almedina S, Ogmen K, Sackey E, Grigoriadis D, Karapouliou C, Nadarajah N, Ebbing C, Lord J, Mellis R, Kortuem F, Dinulos MB, Polun C, Bale S, Atton G, Robinson A, Reigstad H, Houge G, von der Wense A, Becker WH, Jeffery S, Mortimer PS, Gordon K, Josephs KS, Robart S, Kilby MD, Vallee S, Gorski JL, Hempel M, Berland S, Mansour S, Ostergaard P. Correction: Janus-faced EPHB4-associated disorders: novel pathogenic variants and unreported intrafamilial overlapping phenotypes. Genet Med 2021; 23:1376-1377. [PMID: 34040196 PMCID: PMC8257488 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazim Ogmen
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Ege Sackey
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Dionysios Grigoriadis
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Christina Karapouliou
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Noeline Nadarajah
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Cathrine Ebbing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Rhiannon Mellis
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Fanny Kortuem
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mary Beth Dinulos
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Cassandra Polun
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sherri Bale
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Giles Atton
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Robinson
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hallvard Reigstad
- Neonatal intensive care unit, Children's Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Axel von der Wense
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Altona Children's Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Steve Jeffery
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Peter S Mortimer
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kristiana Gordon
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katherine S Josephs
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Robart
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- The Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephanie Vallee
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jerome L Gorski
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sahar Mansour
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. .,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.
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24
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Martin-Almedina S, Ogmen K, Sackey E, Grigoriadis D, Karapouliou C, Nadarajah N, Ebbing C, Lord J, Mellis R, Kortuem F, Dinulos MB, Polun C, Bale S, Atton G, Robinson A, Reigstad H, Houge G, von der Wense A, Becker WH, Jeffery S, Mortimer PS, Gordon K, Josephs KS, Robart S, Kilby MD, Vallee S, Gorski JL, Hempel M, Berland S, Mansour S, Ostergaard P. Janus-faced EPHB4-associated disorders: novel pathogenic variants and unreported intrafamilial overlapping phenotypes. Genet Med 2021; 23:1315-1324. [PMID: 33864021 PMCID: PMC8257501 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several clinical phenotypes including fetal hydrops, central conducting lymphatic anomaly or capillary malformations with arteriovenous malformations 2 (CM-AVM2) have been associated with EPHB4 (Ephrin type B receptor 4) variants, demanding new approaches for deciphering pathogenesis of novel variants of uncertain significance (VUS) identified in EPHB4, and for the identification of differentiated disease mechanisms at the molecular level. Methods Ten index cases with various phenotypes, either fetal hydrops, CM-AVM2, or peripheral lower limb lymphedema, whose distinct clinical phenotypes are described in detail in this study, presented with a variant in EPHB4. In vitro functional studies were performed to confirm pathogenicity. Results Pathogenicity was demonstrated for six of the seven novel EPHB4 VUS investigated. A heterogeneity of molecular disease mechanisms was identified, from loss of protein production or aberrant subcellular localization to total reduction of the phosphorylation capability of the receptor. There was some phenotype–genotype correlation; however, previously unreported intrafamilial overlapping phenotypes such as lymphatic-related fetal hydrops (LRFH) and CM-AVM2 in the same family were observed. Conclusion This study highlights the usefulness of protein expression and subcellular localization studies to predict EPHB4 variant pathogenesis. Our accurate clinical phenotyping expands our interpretation of the Janus-faced spectrum of EPHB4-related disorders, introducing the discovery of cases with overlapping phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazim Ogmen
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Ege Sackey
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Dionysios Grigoriadis
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Christina Karapouliou
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Noeline Nadarajah
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Cathrine Ebbing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Rhiannon Mellis
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Fanny Kortuem
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mary Beth Dinulos
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Cassandra Polun
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sherri Bale
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Giles Atton
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Robinson
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hallvard Reigstad
- Neonatal intensive care unit, Children's Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Axel von der Wense
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Altona Children's Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Steve Jeffery
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Peter S Mortimer
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kristiana Gordon
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Dermatology & Lymphovascular Medicine, St George's Universities NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katherine S Josephs
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Robart
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- The Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephanie Vallee
- Departments of Pediatrics - Section of Genetics and Child Development, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jerome L Gorski
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sahar Mansour
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK. .,South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Pia Ostergaard
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.
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Aiken A, Lohr PA, Lord J, Ghosh N, Starling J. Effectiveness, safety and acceptability of no-test medical abortion (termination of pregnancy) provided via telemedicine: a national cohort study. BJOG 2021; 128:1464-1474. [PMID: 33605016 PMCID: PMC8360126 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes before and after implementation of medical abortion (termination of pregnancy) without ultrasound via telemedicine. DESIGN Cohort analysis. SETTING The three main abortion providers. POPULATION OR SAMPLE Medical abortions at home at ≤69 days' gestation in two cohorts: traditional model (in-person with ultrasound, n = 22 158) from January to March 2020 versus telemedicine-hybrid model (either in person or via telemedicine without ultrasound, n = 29 984, of whom 18 435 had no-test telemedicine) between April and June 2020. Sample (n = 52 142) comprises 85% of all medical abortions provided nationally. METHODS Data from electronic records and incident databases were used to compare outcomes between cohorts, adjusted for baseline differences. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Treatment success, serious adverse events, waiting times, gestation at treatment, acceptability. RESULTS Mean waiting time from referral to treatment was 4.2 days shorter in the telemedicine-hybrid model and more abortions were provided at ≤6 weeks' gestation (40% versus 25%, P < 0.001). Treatment success (98.8% versus 98.2%, P > 0.999), serious adverse events (0.02% versus 0.04%, P = 0.557) and incidence of ectopic pregnancy (0.2% versus 0.2%, P = 0.796) were not different between models. In the telemedicine-hybrid model, 0.04% were estimated to be over 10 weeks' gestation at the time of the abortion; all were completed safely at home. Within the telemedicine-hybrid model, effectiveness was higher with telemedicine than in-person care (99.2% versus 98.1%, P < 0.001). Acceptability of telemedicine was high (96% satisfied) and 80% reported a future preference for telemedicine. CONCLUSIONS A telemedicine-hybrid model for medical abortion that includes no-test telemedicine and treatment without an ultrasound is effective, safe, acceptable and improves access to care. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Compelling evidence from 52 142 women shows no-test telemedicine abortion is safe, effective and improves care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ara Aiken
- LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - P A Lohr
- British Pregnancy Advisory Service, Stratford upon Avon, UK
| | - J Lord
- MSI Reproductive Choices, London, UK
| | - N Ghosh
- National Unplanned Pregnancy Advisory Service (NUPAS), Birmingham, UK
| | - J Starling
- Mathematica Policy Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
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26
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Fennell D, Ottensmeier C, Califano R, Hanna G, Ewings S, Hill K, Wilding S, Danson S, Nye M, Steele N, Johnson L, Lord J, Middleton C, Marwood E, Szlosarek P, Chan S, Gaba A, Darlison L, Wells-Jordan P, Richards C, Poile C, Lester J. PS01.11 Nivolumab Versus Placebo in Relapsed Malignant Mesothelioma: The CONFIRM Phase 3 Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Mone F, Eberhardt RY, Morris RK, Hurles ME, McMullan DJ, Maher ER, Lord J, Chitty LS, Giordano JL, Wapner RJ, Kilby MD. COngenital heart disease and the Diagnostic yield with Exome sequencing (CODE) study: prospective cohort study and systematic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:43-51. [PMID: 32388881 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incremental yield of antenatal exome sequencing (ES) over chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) or conventional karyotyping in prenatally diagnosed congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS A prospective cohort study of 197 trios undergoing ES following CMA or karyotyping owing to CHD identified prenatally and a systematic review of the literature were performed. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and ClinicalTrials.gov (January 2000 to October 2019) databases were searched electronically for studies reporting on the diagnostic yield of ES in prenatally diagnosed CHD. Selected studies included those with more than three cases, with initiation of testing based upon prenatal phenotype only and that included cases in which CMA or karyotyping was negative. The incremental diagnostic yield of ES was assessed in: (1) all cases of CHD; (2) isolated CHD; (3) CHD associated with extracardiac anomaly (ECA); and (4) CHD according to phenotypic subgroup. RESULTS In our cohort, ES had an additional diagnostic yield in all CHD, isolated CHD and CHD associated with ECA of 12.7% (25/197), 11.5% (14/122) and 14.7% (11/75), respectively (P = 0.81). The corresponding pooled incremental yields from 18 studies (encompassing 636 CHD cases) included in the systematic review were 21% (95% CI, 15-27%), 11% (95% CI, 7-15%) and 37% (95% CI, 18-56%), respectively. The results did not differ significantly when subanalysis was limited to studies including more than 20 cases, except for CHD associated with ECA, in which the incremental yield was greater (49% (95% CI, 17-80%)). In cases of CHD associated with ECA in the primary analysis, the most common extracardiac anomalies associated with a pathogenic variant were those affecting the genitourinary system (23/52 (44.2%)). The greatest incremental yield was in cardiac shunt lesions (41% (95% CI, 19-63%)), followed by right-sided lesions (26% (95% CI, 9-43%)). In the majority (68/96 (70.8%)) of instances, pathogenic variants occurred de novo and in autosomal dominant (monoallelic) disease genes. The most common (19/96 (19.8%)) monogenic syndrome identified was Kabuki syndrome. CONCLUSIONS There is an apparent incremental yield of prenatal ES in CHD. While the greatest yield is in CHD associated with ECA, consideration could also be given to performing ES in the presence of an isolated cardiac abnormality. A policy of routine application of ES would require the adoption of robust bioinformatic, clinical and ethical pathways. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mone
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - R K Morris
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - D J McMullan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - E R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Lord
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - L S Chitty
- London North Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - J L Giordano
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R J Wapner
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M D Kilby
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Kaplanis J, Samocha KE, Wiel L, Zhang Z, Arvai KJ, Eberhardt RY, Gallone G, Lelieveld SH, Martin HC, McRae JF, Short PJ, Torene RI, de Boer E, Danecek P, Gardner EJ, Huang N, Lord J, Martincorena I, Pfundt R, Reijnders MRF, Yeung A, Yntema HG, Vissers LELM, Juusola J, Wright CF, Brunner HG, Firth HV, FitzPatrick DR, Barrett JC, Hurles ME, Gilissen C, Retterer K. Evidence for 28 genetic disorders discovered by combining healthcare and research data. Nature 2020; 586:757-762. [PMID: 33057194 PMCID: PMC7116826 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
De novo mutations in protein-coding genes are a well-established cause of developmental disorders1. However, genes known to be associated with developmental disorders account for only a minority of the observed excess of such de novo mutations1,2. Here, to identify previously undescribed genes associated with developmental disorders, we integrate healthcare and research exome-sequence data from 31,058 parent-offspring trios of individuals with developmental disorders, and develop a simulation-based statistical test to identify gene-specific enrichment of de novo mutations. We identified 285 genes that were significantly associated with developmental disorders, including 28 that had not previously been robustly associated with developmental disorders. Although we detected more genes associated with developmental disorders, much of the excess of de novo mutations in protein-coding genes remains unaccounted for. Modelling suggests that more than 1,000 genes associated with developmental disorders have not yet been described, many of which are likely to be less penetrant than the currently known genes. Research access to clinical diagnostic datasets will be critical for completing the map of genes associated with developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kaplanis
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Kaitlin E Samocha
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Laurens Wiel
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ruth Y Eberhardt
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Giuseppe Gallone
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Stefan H Lelieveld
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilary C Martin
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Jeremy F McRae
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Patrick J Short
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Elke de Boer
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Petr Danecek
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Eugene J Gardner
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ni Huang
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Iñigo Martincorena
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margot R F Reijnders
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alison Yeung
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helger G Yntema
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Caroline F Wright
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- MHENS School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen V Firth
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - David R FitzPatrick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jeffrey C Barrett
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Matthew E Hurles
- Human Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Raidal SL, Lord J, Hayes L, Hyams J, Lievaart J. Student selection to a rural veterinary school. 2: predictors of student performance and attrition. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:211-219. [PMID: 31236933 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the extent to which current selection processes at Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia, predict performance within and attrition from the veterinary degree program. DESIGN Retrospective evaluation of application details and student performance data. METHODS Database records of 424 students entering the veterinary program were retrieved from university records, including all students graduating (n = 356) or leaving the program without completing (n = 68) between 2005 and 2016. Demographic data were related to results of selection processes and achievement within the degree using univariable and multivariable general linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The grade point average achieved over the 6 years of the degree was influenced by academic achievement prior to entry, gender (females performed ≈ 2% better than males) and interview scores. Preceptor evaluation of final-year clinical performance was associated with interview scores, gender (males performed ≈ 4% better than females) and residential address at the time of application. Attrition for personal reasons was more common for female students and students who had completed a prior degree, and students who experienced academic or personal attrition had lower written application scores. Factors that have been previously linked to poor academic outcomes, including rural or low socioeconomic background, were not associated with adverse student outcomes. CONCLUSION Selection processes did not systematically disadvantage students admitted to the degree program. Gender differences in personal attrition and academic and clinical performance warrant further evaluation. Factors in addition to academic aptitude predicted student success.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Raidal
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - J Lord
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - L Hayes
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - J Hyams
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - J Lievaart
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia
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Wheway G, Lord J, Baralle D. Splicing in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of ciliopathies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech 2019; 1862:194433. [PMID: 31698098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.194433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia are essential signalling organelles found on the apical surface of epithelial cells, where they coordinate chemosensation, mechanosensation and light sensation. Motile cilia play a central role in establishing fluid flow in the respiratory tract, reproductive tract, brain ventricles and ear. Genetic defects affecting the structure or function of cilia can lead to a broad range of developmental and degenerative diseases known as ciliopathies. Splicing contributes to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of ciliopathies. Tissue-specific alternative splicing contributes to the tissue-specific manifestation of ciliopathy phenotypes, for example the retinal-specific effects of some genetic defects, due to specific transcript expression in the highly specialised ciliated cells of the retina, the photoreceptor cells. Ciliopathies can arise both as a result of genetic variants in spliceosomal proteins, or as a result of variants affecting splicing of specific cilia genes. Here we discuss the opportunities and challenges in diagnosing ciliopathies using RNA sequence analysis and the potential for treating ciliopathies in a relatively mutation-neutral way by targeting splicing. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA structure and splicing regulation edited by Francisco Baralle, Ravindra Singh and Stefan Stamm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Wheway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Human Development and Health, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jenny Lord
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Human Development and Health, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Diana Baralle
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Human Development and Health, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Welch C, Greig C, Hassan-Smith Z, Pinkney T, Lord J, Jackson T. 48REDUCED BASELINE INFLAMMATION MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER ACUTE DECLINES IN MUSCLE MASS FOLLOWING ELECTIVE COLORECTAL SURGERY. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz076.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Raidal SL, Lord J, Hayes LM, Hyams J, Lievaart J. Student selection to a rural veterinary school. 1: applicant demographics and predictors of success within the application process. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:175-184. [PMID: 31136691 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine demographic details of applicants to the veterinary degree program at and relate this information to student selection processes. DESIGN Retrospective evaluation of applicant data. METHODS Database records of 4042 applicants to the veterinary program (2006-2016) were retrieved from university records. Summary statistics were used to determine basic demographic data, which were related to pre-entry academic achievement and results of selection processes using univariable and multivariable analyses. RESULTS The number of applications, interviews and acceptance of offers fluctuated but did not vary substantively for the duration of the study. Gender, rurality (as assessed by residential and school postcodes), socioeconomic background, academic background and pre-entry academic achievement all significantly influenced written application and interview scores in the multivariate models. Rural background, written application score, number of applications, pre-entry academic history and achievement significantly affected the chances of receiving an interview. Chances of receiving an offer and subsequent program entry were significantly influenced by academic background, interview score and pre-entry academic achievement. Male applicants were more likely to receive an offer, but gender had no effect on program entry. Rural residential and school background was associated with significantly reduced ATAR in comparison with city-based applicants. CONCLUSION Selection processes effectively identified applicants with demographic backgrounds and life experiences consistent with the School's commitment to the veterinary needs of rural and regional Australia. Findings support the provision of an academic loading for the ATAR results of rural students. Effects of these selection outcomes on student performance should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Raidal
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
| | - J Lord
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
| | - L M Hayes
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
| | - J Hyams
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
| | - J Lievaart
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
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Quinlan-Jones E, Lord J, Williams D, Hamilton S, Marton T, Eberhardt RY, Rinck G, Prigmore E, Keelagher R, McMullan DJ, Maher ER, Hurles ME, Kilby MD. Molecular autopsy by trio exome sequencing (ES) and postmortem examination in fetuses and neonates with prenatally identified structural anomalies. Genet Med 2019; 21:1065-1073. [PMID: 30293990 PMCID: PMC6752266 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the diagnostic yield of combined exome sequencing (ES) and autopsy in fetuses/neonates with prenatally identified structural anomalies resulting in termination of pregnancy, intrauterine, neonatal, or early infant death. METHODS ES was undertaken in 27 proband/parent trios following full autopsy. Candidate pathogenic variants were classified by a multidisciplinary clinical review panel using American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. RESULTS A genetic diagnosis was established in ten cases (37%). Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were identified in nine different genes including four de novo autosomal dominant, three homozygous autosomal recessive, two compound heterozygous autosomal recessive, and one X-linked. KMT2D variants (associated with Kabuki syndrome postnatally) occurred in two cases. Pathogenic variants were identified in 5/13 (38%) cases with multisystem anomalies, in 2/4 (50%) cases with fetal akinesia deformation sequence, and in 1/4 (25%) cases each with cardiac and brain anomalies and hydrops fetalis. No pathogenic variants were detected in fetuses with genitourinary (1), skeletal (1), or abdominal (1) abnormalities. CONCLUSION This cohort demonstrates the clinical utility of molecular autopsy with ES to identify an underlying genetic cause in structurally abnormal fetuses/neonates. These molecular findings provided parents with an explanation of the developmental abnormality, delineated the recurrence risks, and assisted the management of subsequent pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Quinlan-Jones
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women's & Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Denise Williams
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women's & Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sue Hamilton
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tamas Marton
- West Midlands Regional Perinatal Pathology Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Rebecca Keelagher
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dominic J McMullan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Mark D Kilby
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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34
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Kunkle BW, Grenier-Boley B, Sims R, Bis JC, Damotte V, Naj AC, Boland A, Vronskaya M, van der Lee SJ, Amlie-Wolf A, Bellenguez C, Frizatti A, Chouraki V, Martin ER, Sleegers K, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Moreno-Grau S, Olaso R, Raybould R, Chen Y, Kuzma AB, Hiltunen M, Morgan T, Ahmad S, Vardarajan BN, Epelbaum J, Hoffmann P, Boada M, Beecham GW, Garnier JG, Harold D, Fitzpatrick AL, Valladares O, Moutet ML, Gerrish A, Smith AV, Qu L, Bacq D, Denning N, Jian X, Zhao Y, Del Zompo M, Fox NC, Choi SH, Mateo I, Hughes JT, Adams HH, Malamon J, Sanchez-Garcia F, Patel Y, Brody JA, Dombroski BA, Naranjo MCD, Daniilidou M, Eiriksdottir G, Mukherjee S, Wallon D, Uphill J, Aspelund T, Cantwell LB, Garzia F, Galimberti D, Hofer E, Butkiewicz M, Fin B, Scarpini E, Sarnowski C, Bush WS, Meslage S, Kornhuber J, White CC, Song Y, Barber RC, Engelborghs S, Sordon S, Voijnovic D, Adams PM, Vandenberghe R, Mayhaus M, Cupples LA, Albert MS, De Deyn PP, Gu W, Himali JJ, Beekly D, Squassina A, Hartmann AM, Orellana A, Blacker D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Lovestone S, Garcia ME, Doody RS, Munoz-Fernadez C, Sussams R, Lin H, Fairchild TJ, Benito YA, Holmes C, Karamujić-Čomić H, Frosch MP, Thonberg H, Maier W, Roshchupkin G, Ghetti B, Giedraitis V, Kawalia A, Li S, Huebinger RM, Kilander L, Moebus S, Hernández I, Kamboh MI, Brundin R, Turton J, Yang Q, Katz MJ, Concari L, Lord J, Beiser AS, Keene CD, Helisalmi S, Kloszewska I, Kukull WA, Koivisto AM, Lynch A, Tarraga L, Larson EB, Haapasalo A, Lawlor B, Mosley TH, Lipton RB, Solfrizzi V, Gill M, Longstreth WT, Montine TJ, Frisardi V, Diez-Fairen M, Rivadeneira F, Petersen RC, Deramecourt V, Alvarez I, Salani F, Ciaramella A, Boerwinkle E, Reiman EM, Fievet N, Rotter JI, Reisch JS, Hanon O, Cupidi C, Andre Uitterlinden AG, Royall DR, Dufouil C, Maletta RG, de Rojas I, Sano M, Brice A, Cecchetti R, George-Hyslop PS, Ritchie K, Tsolaki M, Tsuang DW, Dubois B, Craig D, Wu CK, Soininen H, Avramidou D, Albin RL, Fratiglioni L, Germanou A, Apostolova LG, Keller L, Koutroumani M, Arnold SE, Panza F, Gkatzima O, Asthana S, Hannequin D, Whitehead P, Atwood CS, Caffarra P, Hampel H, Quintela I, Carracedo Á, Lannfelt L, Rubinsztein DC, Barnes LL, Pasquier F, Frölich L, Barral S, McGuinness B, Beach TG, Johnston JA, Becker JT, Passmore P, Bigio EH, Schott JM, Bird TD, Warren JD, Boeve BF, Lupton MK, Bowen JD, Proitsi P, Boxer A, Powell JF, Burke JR, Kauwe JSK, Burns JM, Mancuso M, Buxbaum JD, Bonuccelli U, Cairns NJ, McQuillin A, Cao C, Livingston G, Carlson CS, Bass NJ, Carlsson CM, Hardy J, Carney RM, Bras J, Carrasquillo MM, Guerreiro R, Allen M, Chui HC, Fisher E, Masullo C, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, Bisceglio G, Dick M, Ma L, Duara R, Graff-Radford NR, Evans DA, Hodges A, Faber KM, Scherer M, Fallon KB, Riemenschneider M, Fardo DW, Heun R, Farlow MR, Kölsch H, Ferris S, Leber M, Foroud TM, Heuser I, Galasko DR, Giegling I, Gearing M, Hüll M, Geschwind DH, Gilbert JR, Morris J, Green RC, Mayo K, Growdon JH, Feulner T, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Drichel D, Honig LS, Cushion TD, Huentelman MJ, Hollingworth P, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Marshall R, Jarvik GP, Meggy A, Abner E, Menzies GE, Jin LW, Leonenko G, Real LM, Jun GR, Baldwin CT, Grozeva D, Karydas A, Russo G, Kaye JA, Kim R, Jessen F, Kowall NW, Vellas B, Kramer JH, Vardy E, LaFerla FM, Jöckel KH, Lah JJ, Dichgans M, Leverenz JB, Mann D, Levey AI, Pickering-Brown S, Lieberman AP, Klopp N, Lunetta KL, Wichmann HE, Lyketsos CG, Morgan K, Marson DC, Brown K, Martiniuk F, Medway C, Mash DC, Nöthen MM, Masliah E, Hooper NM, McCormick WC, Daniele A, McCurry SM, Bayer A, McDavid AN, Gallacher J, McKee AC, van den Bussche H, Mesulam M, Brayne C, Miller BL, Riedel-Heller S, Miller CA, Miller JW, Al-Chalabi A, Morris JC, Shaw CE, Myers AJ, Wiltfang J, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Alvarez V, Parisi JE, Singleton AB, Paulson HL, Collinge J, Perry WR, Mead S, Peskind E, Cribbs DH, Rossor M, Pierce A, Ryan NS, Poon WW, Nacmias B, Potter H, Sorbi S, Quinn JF, Sacchinelli E, Raj A, Spalletta G, Raskind M, Caltagirone C, Bossù P, Orfei MD, Reisberg B, Clarke R, Reitz C, Smith AD, Ringman JM, Warden D, Roberson ED, Wilcock G, Rogaeva E, Bruni AC, Rosen HJ, Gallo M, Rosenberg RN, Ben-Shlomo Y, Sager MA, Mecocci P, Saykin AJ, Pastor P, Cuccaro ML, Vance JM, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Slifer S, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Swerdlow RH, Tang M, Tanzi RE, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Wilhelmsen KC, Williamson J, Wingo TS, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Yu CE, Yu L, Saba Y, Pilotto A, Bullido MJ, Peters O, Crane PK, Bennett D, Bosco P, Coto E, Boccardi V, De Jager PL, Lleo A, Warner N, Lopez OL, Ingelsson M, Deloukas P, Cruchaga C, Graff C, Gwilliam R, Fornage M, Goate AM, Sanchez-Juan P, Kehoe PG, Amin N, Ertekin-Taner N, Berr C, Debette S, Love S, Launer LJ, Younkin SG, Dartigues JF, Corcoran C, Ikram MA, Dickson DW, Nicolas G, Campion D, Tschanz J, Schmidt H, Hakonarson H, Clarimon J, Munger R, Schmidt R, Farrer LA, Van Broeckhoven C, C O'Donovan M, DeStefano AL, Jones L, Haines JL, Deleuze JF, Owen MJ, Gudnason V, Mayeux R, Escott-Price V, Psaty BM, Ramirez A, Wang LS, Ruiz A, van Duijn CM, Holmans PA, Seshadri S, Williams J, Amouyel P, Schellenberg GD, Lambert JC, Pericak-Vance MA. Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies new risk loci and implicates Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing. Nat Genet 2019; 51:414-430. [PMID: 30820047 PMCID: PMC6463297 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1518] [Impact Index Per Article: 303.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), the most prevalent dementia, is partially driven by genetics. To identify LOAD risk loci, we performed a large genome-wide association meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed LOAD (94,437 individuals). We confirm 20 previous LOAD risk loci and identify five new genome-wide loci (IQCK, ACE, ADAM10, ADAMTS1, and WWOX), two of which (ADAM10, ACE) were identified in a recent genome-wide association (GWAS)-by-familial-proxy of Alzheimer's or dementia. Fine-mapping of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region confirms the neurological and immune-mediated disease haplotype HLA-DR15 as a risk factor for LOAD. Pathway analysis implicates immunity, lipid metabolism, tau binding proteins, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism, showing that genetic variants affecting APP and Aβ processing are associated not only with early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease but also with LOAD. Analyses of risk genes and pathways show enrichment for rare variants (P = 1.32 × 10-7), indicating that additional rare variants remain to be identified. We also identify important genetic correlations between LOAD and traits such as family history of dementia and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vincent Damotte
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology/Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Maria Vronskaya
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Amlie-Wolf
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Aura Frizatti
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nandini Badarinarayan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Kara L Hamilton-Nelson
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Olaso
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Rachel Raybould
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Taniesha Morgan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacques Epelbaum
- UMR 894, Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Merce Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jean-Guillaume Garnier
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Denise Harold
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Otto Valladares
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marie-Laure Moutet
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Amy Gerrish
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Liming Qu
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Delphine Bacq
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Nicola Denning
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Del Zompo
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Seung-Hoan Choi
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Mateo
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Joseph T Hughes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hieab H Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John Malamon
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Yogen Patel
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Makrina Daniilidou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - David Wallon
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - James Uphill
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Centre for Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabienne Garzia
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mariusz Butkiewicz
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bertrand Fin
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Chloe Sarnowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Will S Bush
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stéphane Meslage
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Charles C White
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuenjoo Song
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Laboratory for Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Sordon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Dina Voijnovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Perrie M Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manuel Mayhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Laboratory for Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Jayanadra J Himali
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Duane Beekly
- National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rachelle S Doody
- Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Munoz-Fernadez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rebecca Sussams
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J Fairchild
- Office of Strategy and Measurement, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Yolanda A Benito
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Clive Holmes
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Hakan Thonberg
- Theme Aging, Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Alzheimer Research Center, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gennady Roshchupkin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amit Kawalia
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan M Huebinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - RoseMarie Brundin
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - James Turton
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Letizia Concari
- Section of Neuroscience, DIMEC-University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- FERB-Alzheimer Center, Gazzaniga (Bergamo), Italy
| | - Jenny Lord
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Elderly and Psychiatric Disorders Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne Maria Koivisto
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aoibhinn Lynch
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Aging, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lluís Tarraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eric B Larson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Aging, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Departments of Medicine, Geriatrics, Gerontology and Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unity, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Michael Gill
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Aging, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W T Longstreth
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vincenza Frisardi
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdamt, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vincent Deramecourt
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Salani
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Nathalie Fievet
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Joan S Reisch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Olivier Hanon
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Geriatrics Department, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Cupidi
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - A G Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdamt, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Donald R Royall
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, Family & Community Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm 1219, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital / CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexis Brice
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Ritchie
- Inserm U1061 Neuropsychiatry, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Debby W Tsuang
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/>GRECC, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer and Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Institut des Neurosciences Translationnelles de Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- Inserm, CNRS, UMR-S975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - David Craig
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chuang-Kuo Wu
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Despoina Avramidou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS), Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonia Germanou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lina Keller
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Koutroumani
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Francesco Panza
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Olymbia Gkatzima
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Didier Hannequin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Patrice Whitehead
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Craig S Atwood
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Brain & Spine Institute, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
- Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Inés Quintela
- Grupo de Medicina Xenomica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenomica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Florence Pasquier
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Lutz Frölich
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Janet A Johnston
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - James T Becker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Passmore
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/>GRECC, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jason D Warren
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Michelle K Lupton
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Petra Proitsi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John F Powell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James R Burke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John S K Kauwe
- Departments of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Burns
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Chuanhai Cao
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gill Livingston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris S Carlson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicholas J Bass
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Regina M Carney
- Mental Health & Behavioral Science Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jose Bras
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Rita Guerreiro
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fisher
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Department of Neurology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elizabeth A Crocco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Gina Bisceglio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Malcolm Dick
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | | | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Angela Hodges
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth B Fallon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Reinhard Heun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin R Farlow
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Heike Kölsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Ferris
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus Leber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Isabella Heuser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Alzheimer's Disease Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Hüll
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John R Gilbert
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Mayo
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John H Growdon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Feulner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lindy E Harrell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dmitriy Drichel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas D Cushion
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paul Hollingworth
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alun Meggy
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Erin Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Georgina E Menzies
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ganna Leonenko
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luis M Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gyungah R Jun
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Detelina Grozeva
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Giancarlo Russo
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Inserm U558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emma Vardy
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - James B Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Mann
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Norman Klopp
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians University Chair of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
- Joint Biobank Munich and KORA Biobank, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Daniel C Marson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Frank Martiniuk
- Department of Medicine-Pulmonary, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Medway
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nigel M Hooper
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Susan M McCurry
- School of Nursing Northwest Research Group on Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anthony Bayer
- Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andrew N McDavid
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - John Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hendrik van den Bussche
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marsel Mesulam
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carol Brayne
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscienceó, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscienceó, King's College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Goettingen, Germany
- IBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - John M Olichney
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Victoria Alvarez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - William R Perry
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Simon Mead
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Elaine Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Martin Rossor
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Aimee Pierce
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Natalie S Ryan
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Wayne W Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca, Trasferimento e Alta Formazione DENOTHE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eleonora Sacchinelli
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Ashok Raj
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Murray Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bossù
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Donata Orfei
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Barry Reisberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- Oxford Healthy Aging Project, Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - A David Smith
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Donald Warden
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gordon Wilcock
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maura Gallo
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Roger N Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark A Sager
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael L Cuccaro
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeffery M Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lori S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Slifer
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amanda G Smith
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mitchell Tang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kirk C Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Williamson
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Clinton B Wright
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- Gerontology and Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Department Geriatric Care, Orthogeriatrics and Rehabilitation, Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria J Bullido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiPAZ, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paola Bosco
- Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima Srl, Troina, Italy
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Phil L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Lleo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nick Warner
- Somerset Partnership NHS Trust, Somerset, UK
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline Graff
- Theme Aging, Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Alzheimer Research Center, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rhian Gwilliam
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pascual Sanchez-Juan
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Patrick G Kehoe
- University of Bristol Medical School, Learning & Research level 2, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nilifur Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Claudine Berr
- Inserm U1061 Neuropsychiatry, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Seth Love
- University of Bristol Medical School, Learning & Research level 2, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Departments of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gael Nicolas
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Dominique Campion
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
- Department of Research Rouvray Psychiatric Hospital, Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France
| | | | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anita L DeStefano
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lesley Jones
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Michael J Owen
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente, Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Peter A Holmans
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Julie Williams
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Phillippe Amouyel
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France.
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France.
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Lord J, McMullan DJ, Eberhardt RY, Rinck G, Hamilton SJ, Quinlan-Jones E, Prigmore E, Keelagher R, Best SK, Carey GK, Mellis R, Robart S, Berry IR, Chandler KE, Cilliers D, Cresswell L, Edwards SL, Gardiner C, Henderson A, Holden ST, Homfray T, Lester T, Lewis RA, Newbury-Ecob R, Prescott K, Quarrell OW, Ramsden SC, Roberts E, Tapon D, Tooley MJ, Vasudevan PC, Weber AP, Wellesley DG, Westwood P, White H, Parker M, Williams D, Jenkins L, Scott RH, Kilby MD, Chitty LS, Hurles ME, Maher ER. Prenatal exome sequencing analysis in fetal structural anomalies detected by ultrasonography (PAGE): a cohort study. Lancet 2019; 393:747-757. [PMID: 30712880 PMCID: PMC6386638 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal structural anomalies, which are detected by ultrasonography, have a range of genetic causes, including chromosomal aneuploidy, copy number variations (CNVs; which are detectable by chromosomal microarrays), and pathogenic sequence variants in developmental genes. Testing for aneuploidy and CNVs is routine during the investigation of fetal structural anomalies, but there is little information on the clinical usefulness of genome-wide next-generation sequencing in the prenatal setting. We therefore aimed to evaluate the proportion of fetuses with structural abnormalities that had identifiable variants in genes associated with developmental disorders when assessed with whole-exome sequencing (WES). METHODS In this prospective cohort study, two groups in Birmingham and London recruited patients from 34 fetal medicine units in England and Scotland. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) to evaluate the presence of genetic variants in developmental disorder genes (diagnostic genetic variants) in a cohort of fetuses with structural anomalies and samples from their parents, after exclusion of aneuploidy and large CNVs. Women were eligible for inclusion if they were undergoing invasive testing for identified nuchal translucency or structural anomalies in their fetus, as detected by ultrasound after 11 weeks of gestation. The partners of these women also had to consent to participate. Sequencing results were interpreted with a targeted virtual gene panel for developmental disorders that comprised 1628 genes. Genetic results related to fetal structural anomaly phenotypes were then validated and reported postnatally. The primary endpoint, which was assessed in all fetuses, was the detection of diagnostic genetic variants considered to have caused the fetal developmental anomaly. FINDINGS The cohort was recruited between Oct 22, 2014, and June 29, 2017, and clinical data were collected until March 31, 2018. After exclusion of fetuses with aneuploidy and CNVs, 610 fetuses with structural anomalies and 1202 matched parental samples (analysed as 596 fetus-parental trios, including two sets of twins, and 14 fetus-parent dyads) were analysed by WES. After bioinformatic filtering and prioritisation according to allele frequency and effect on protein and inheritance pattern, 321 genetic variants (representing 255 potential diagnoses) were selected as potentially pathogenic genetic variants (diagnostic genetic variants), and these variants were reviewed by a multidisciplinary clinical review panel. A diagnostic genetic variant was identified in 52 (8·5%; 95% CI 6·4-11·0) of 610 fetuses assessed and an additional 24 (3·9%) fetuses had a variant of uncertain significance that had potential clinical usefulness. Detection of diagnostic genetic variants enabled us to distinguish between syndromic and non-syndromic fetal anomalies (eg, congenital heart disease only vs a syndrome with congenital heart disease and learning disability). Diagnostic genetic variants were present in 22 (15·4%) of 143 fetuses with multisystem anomalies (ie, more than one fetal structural anomaly), nine (11·1%) of 81 fetuses with cardiac anomalies, and ten (15·4%) of 65 fetuses with skeletal anomalies; these phenotypes were most commonly associated with diagnostic variants. However, diagnostic genetic variants were least common in fetuses with isolated increased nuchal translucency (≥4·0 mm) in the first trimester (in three [3·2%] of 93 fetuses). INTERPRETATION WES facilitates genetic diagnosis of fetal structural anomalies, which enables more accurate predictions of fetal prognosis and risk of recurrence in future pregnancies. However, the overall detection of diagnostic genetic variants in a prospectively ascertained cohort with a broad range of fetal structural anomalies is lower than that suggested by previous smaller-scale studies of fewer phenotypes. WES improved the identification of genetic disorders in fetuses with structural abnormalities; however, before clinical implementation, careful consideration should be given to case selection to maximise clinical usefulness. FUNDING UK Department of Health and Social Care and The Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominic J McMullan
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Susan J Hamilton
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elizabeth Quinlan-Jones
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Women's and Newborn Health, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Keelagher
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sunayna K Best
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Georgina K Carey
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rhiannon Mellis
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Sarah Robart
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Ian R Berry
- The Leeds Genetics Laboratory, St James's University Hospital, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kate E Chandler
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Deirdre Cilliers
- Oxford Genomic Medicine Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Lara Cresswell
- Department of Cytogenetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Sandra L Edwards
- Cytogenetics Service, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Carol Gardiner
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alex Henderson
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon T Holden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tessa Homfray
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tracy Lester
- Oxford Regional Genetics Services, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca A Lewis
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth Newbury-Ecob
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katrina Prescott
- Chapel Allerton Hospital, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Oliver W Quarrell
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon C Ramsden
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Eileen Roberts
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Dagmar Tapon
- Centre for Fetal Care, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Madeleine J Tooley
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pradeep C Vasudevan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Astrid P Weber
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Diana G Wellesley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Wessex Regional Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Westwood
- West of Scotland Genetics Services, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen White
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Wessex Regional Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Michael Parker
- The Ethox Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and Humanities, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Denise Williams
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lucy Jenkins
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Richard H Scott
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- West Midlands Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Centre for Women's and Newborn Health, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lyn S Chitty
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London UK
| | | | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge, UK.
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Lord J, Gallone G, Short PJ, McRae JF, Ironfield H, Wynn EH, Gerety SS, He L, Kerr B, Johnson DS, McCann E, Kinning E, Flinter F, Temple IK, Clayton-Smith J, McEntagart M, Lynch SA, Joss S, Douzgou S, Dabir T, Clowes V, McConnell VPM, Lam W, Wright CF, FitzPatrick DR, Firth HV, Barrett JC, Hurles ME. Pathogenicity and selective constraint on variation near splice sites. Genome Res 2018; 29:159-170. [PMID: 30587507 PMCID: PMC6360807 DOI: 10.1101/gr.238444.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations that perturb normal pre-mRNA splicing are significant contributors to human disease. We used exome sequencing data from 7833 probands with developmental disorders (DDs) and their unaffected parents, as well as more than 60,000 aggregated exomes from the Exome Aggregation Consortium, to investigate selection around the splice sites and quantify the contribution of splicing mutations to DDs. Patterns of purifying selection, a deficit of variants in highly constrained genes in healthy subjects, and excess de novo mutations in patients highlighted particular positions within and around the consensus splice site of greater functional relevance. By using mutational burden analyses in this large cohort of proband–parent trios, we could estimate in an unbiased manner the relative contributions of mutations at canonical dinucleotides (73%) and flanking noncanonical positions (27%), and calculate the positive predictive value of pathogenicity for different classes of mutations. We identified 18 patients with likely diagnostic de novo mutations in dominant DD-associated genes at noncanonical positions in splice sites. We estimate 35%–40% of pathogenic variants in noncanonical splice site positions are missing from public databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lord
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Gallone
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J Short
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy F McRae
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Ironfield
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth H Wynn
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian S Gerety
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Liu He
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Diana S Johnson
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, OPD2, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, United Kingdom
| | - Emma McCann
- Liverpool Women's Hospital Foundation Trust, Liverpool L8 7SS, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Kinning
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Institute of Medical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow G3 8SJ, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Flinter
- South East Thames Regional Genetics Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - I Karen Temple
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.,Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton SO16 5YA, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Meriel McEntagart
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Centre, St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Tabib Dabir
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, United Kingom
| | - Virginia Clowes
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Northwick Park and St. Mark's Hospitals, Harrow HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom
| | - Vivienne P M McConnell
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, United Kingom
| | - Wayne Lam
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline F Wright
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
| | - David R FitzPatrick
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Helen V Firth
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom.,East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey C Barrett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew E Hurles
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Lord
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Weech-Maldonado R, Davlyatov G, Lord J. HOW DOES THE COMMUNITY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AFFECT NURSING HOME QUALITY? Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Lord
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Fuggle NR, Westbury LD, Syddall HE, Duggal NA, Shaw SC, Maslin K, Dennison EM, Lord J, Cooper C. Relationships between markers of inflammation and bone density: findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1581-1589. [PMID: 29808230 PMCID: PMC6093277 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Among 365 Hertfordshire Cohort Study participants (aged 59-71 years at baseline), higher adiponectin and adiponectin to leptin ratios were associated with lower baseline lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD). Lower IL-10 was associated with accelerated decline in lumbar spine BMD. This suggests that bone health can be influenced by changes in immune phenotype and alterations in adipokine homeostasis. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to examine the association between indices of inflammation and BMD in a population-based cohort of older adults in the UK. METHODS Analyses were based on a sample of 194 men and 171 women of the Hertfordshire Cohort Study (community-living, older adults). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed at the lumbar spine and proximal femur at baseline and repeated at a median of 4.5 years (inter-quartile range 3.6 to 5.2). Inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, adiponectin and leptin) were ascertained at baseline using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques and Bio-Plex Pro Assays. Gender-adjusted linear regression was used to examine the associations between markers of inflammation and outcomes with and without adjustment for anthropometric and lifestyle factors. RESULTS The mean (SD) ages at baseline were 64.4 (2.5) and 66.5 (2.7) years for men and women respectively. Higher levels of adiponectin and adiponectin to leptin ratios were each associated with lower baseline lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD in gender-adjusted (p < 0.01) and fully adjusted (p < 0.05) analyses. Lower levels of IL-10 and TNF were each associated with accelerated decline in lumbar spine BMD in both gender-adjusted (p ≤ 0.05) and fully adjusted (p < 0.05) analyses. CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of older adults, high levels of adiponectin and adiponectin to leptin ratios were both associated with lower BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck at baseline, and lower IL-10 was associated with accelerated decline in BMD at the lumbar spine. This adds weight to the theory that bone health can be influenced by changes in immune phenotype and alterations in adipokine homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Fuggle
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - L D Westbury
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - H E Syddall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - N A Duggal
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S C Shaw
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - K Maslin
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - E M Dennison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - J Lord
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Sassi C, Nalls MA, Ridge PG, Gibbs JR, Lupton MK, Troakes C, Lunnon K, Al-Sarraj S, Brown KS, Medway C, Lord J, Turton J, Bras J, Blumenau S, Thielke M, Josties C, Freyer D, Dietrich A, Hammer M, Baier M, Dirnagl U, Morgan K, Powell JF, Kauwe JS, Cruchaga C, Goate AM, Singleton AB, Guerreiro R, Hodges A, Hardy J. Mendelian adult-onset leukodystrophy genes in Alzheimer's disease: critical influence of CSF1R and NOTCH3. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 66:179.e17-179.e29. [PMID: 29544907 PMCID: PMC5937905 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mendelian adult-onset leukodystrophies are a spectrum of rare inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorders affecting the white matter of the central nervous system. Among these, cerebral autosomal dominant and recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, cerebroretinal vasculopathy, metachromatic leukodystrophy, hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids, and vanishing white matter disease present with rapidly progressive dementia as dominant feature and are caused by mutations in NOTCH3, HTRA1, TREX1, ARSA, CSF1R, EIF2B1, EIF2B2, EIF2B3, EIF2B4, and EIF2B5, respectively. Given the rare incidence of these disorders and the lack of unequivocally diagnostic features, leukodystrophies are frequently misdiagnosed with common sporadic dementing diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), raising the question of whether these overlapping phenotypes may be explained by shared genetic risk factors. To investigate this intriguing hypothesis, we have combined gene expression analysis (1) in 6 different AD mouse strains (APPPS1, HOTASTPM, HETASTPM, TPM, TAS10, and TAU) at 5 different developmental stages (embryo [E15], 2, 4, 8, and 18 months), (2) in APPPS1 primary cortical neurons under stress conditions (oxygen-glucose deprivation) and single-variant-based and single-gene-based (c-alpha test and sequence kernel association test (SKAT)) genetic screening in a cohort composed of 332 Caucasian late-onset AD patients and 676 Caucasian elderly controls. Csf1r was significantly overexpressed (log2FC > 1, adj. p-value < 0.05) in the cortex and hippocampus of aged HOTASTPM mice with extensive Aβ dense-core plaque pathology. We identified 3 likely pathogenic mutations in CSF1R TK domain (p.L868R, p.Q691H, and p.H703Y) in our discovery and validation cohort, composed of 465 AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) Caucasian patients from the United Kingdom. Moreover, NOTCH3 was a significant hit in the c-alpha test (adj p-value = 0.01). Adult-onset Mendelian leukodystrophy genes are not common factors implicated in AD. Nevertheless, our study suggests a potential pathogenic link between NOTCH3, CSF1R, and sporadic late-onset AD, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Sassi
- Reta Lila, Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Perry G Ridge
- Departments of Biology, Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Jesse R Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Claire Troakes
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Katie Lunnon
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Kristelle S Brown
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher Medway
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turton
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (UK DRI), London, UK
| | - Sonja Blumenau
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mareike Thielke
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christa Josties
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorette Freyer
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Dietrich
- Neurodegenerative Diseases, Robert-Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monia Hammer
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Baier
- Neurodegenerative Diseases, Robert-Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dirnagl
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John F Powell
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - John S Kauwe
- Departments of Biology, Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL (UK DRI), London, UK
| | - Angela Hodges
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila, Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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Hanna G, Griffiths G, Kirkpatrick E, Cozens K, Kalevras M, Maishman T, Danson S, Lester J, Ottensmeier C, Steele N, Szlosarek P, Lord J, Nye M, Fennell D. CONFIRM: a phase III randomised trial to evaluate the efficacy of nivolumab versus placebo in relapsed mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fennell D, Kirkpatrick E, Cozens K, Danson S, Hanna G, Lester J, Lord J, Nye M, Ottensmeier C, Szlosarek P, Steele N, Kalevras M, Maishman T, Griffiths G. PUB035 CONFIRM: A Phase III Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Nivolumab versus Placebo in Relapsed Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rehker J, Rodhe J, Nesbitt RR, Boyle EA, Martin BK, Lord J, Karaca I, Naj A, Jessen F, Helisalmi S, Soininen H, Hiltunen M, Ramirez A, Scherer M, Farrer LA, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA, Raskind WH, Cruchaga C, Schellenberg GD, Joseph B, Brkanac Z. Caspase-8, association with Alzheimer's Disease and functional analysis of rare variants. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185777. [PMID: 28985224 PMCID: PMC5630132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide (Amyloid cascade hypothesis), an APP protein cleavage product, is a leading hypothesis in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In order to identify additional AD risk genes, we performed targeted sequencing and rare variant burden association study for nine candidate genes involved in the amyloid metabolism in 1886 AD cases and 1700 controls. We identified a significant variant burden association for the gene encoding caspase-8, CASP8 (p = 8.6x10-5). For two CASP8 variants, p.K148R and p.I298V, the association remained significant in a combined sample of 10,820 cases and 8,881 controls. For both variants we performed bioinformatics structural, expression and enzymatic activity studies and obtained evidence for loss of function effects. In addition to their role in amyloid processing, caspase-8 and its downstream effector caspase-3 are involved in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory and control of microglia pro-inflammatory activation and associated neurotoxicity, indicating additional mechanisms that might contribute to AD. As caspase inhibition has been proposed as a mechanism for AD treatment, our finding that AD-associated CASP8 variants reduce caspase function calls for caution and is an impetus for further studies on the role of caspases in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rehker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Johanna Rodhe
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ryan R. Nesbitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Evan A. Boyle
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, CA, United States of America
| | - Beth K. Martin
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jenny Lord
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Ilker Karaca
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Adam Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine–Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine–Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Neurology, Ophthalmology, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan L. Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Wendy H. Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Gerard D. Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Bertrand Joseph
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zoran Brkanac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sims R, van der Lee SJ, Naj AC, Bellenguez C, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J, Kunkle BW, Boland A, Raybould R, Bis JC, Martin ER, Grenier-Boley B, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Chouraki V, Kuzma AB, Sleegers K, Vronskaya M, Ruiz A, Graham RR, Olaso R, Hoffmann P, Grove ML, Vardarajan BN, Hiltunen M, Nöthen MM, White CC, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Epelbaum J, Maier W, Choi SH, Beecham GW, Dulary C, Herms S, Smith AV, Funk CC, Derbois C, Forstner AJ, Ahmad S, Li H, Bacq D, Harold D, Satizabal CL, Valladares O, Squassina A, Thomas R, Brody JA, Qu L, Sánchez-Juan P, Morgan T, Wolters FJ, Zhao Y, Garcia FS, Denning N, Fornage M, Malamon J, Naranjo MCD, Majounie E, Mosley TH, Dombroski B, Wallon D, Lupton MK, Dupuis J, Whitehead P, Fratiglioni L, Medway C, Jian X, Mukherjee S, Keller L, Brown K, Lin H, Cantwell LB, Panza F, McGuinness B, Moreno-Grau S, Burgess JD, Solfrizzi V, Proitsi P, Adams HH, Allen M, Seripa D, Pastor P, Cupples LA, Price ND, Hannequin D, Frank-García A, Levy D, Chakrabarty P, Caffarra P, Giegling I, Beiser AS, Giedraitis V, Hampel H, Garcia ME, Wang X, Lannfelt L, Mecocci P, Eiriksdottir G, Crane PK, Pasquier F, Boccardi V, Henández I, Barber RC, Scherer M, Tarraga L, Adams PM, Leber M, Chen Y, Albert MS, Riedel-Heller S, Emilsson V, Beekly D, Braae A, Schmidt R, Blacker D, Masullo C, Schmidt H, Doody RS, Spalletta G, Longstreth WT, Fairchild TJ, Bossù P, Lopez OL, Frosch MP, Sacchinelli E, Ghetti B, Yang Q, Huebinger RM, Jessen F, Li S, Kamboh MI, Morris J, Sotolongo-Grau O, Katz MJ, Corcoran C, Dunstan M, Braddel A, Thomas C, Meggy A, Marshall R, Gerrish A, Chapman J, Aguilar M, Taylor S, Hill M, Fairén MD, Hodges A, Vellas B, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Daniilidou M, Uphill J, Patel Y, Hughes JT, Lord J, Turton J, Hartmann AM, Cecchetti R, Fenoglio C, Serpente M, Arcaro M, Caltagirone C, Orfei MD, Ciaramella A, Pichler S, Mayhaus M, Gu W, Lleó A, Fortea J, Blesa R, Barber IS, Brookes K, Cupidi C, Maletta RG, Carrell D, Sorbi S, Moebus S, Urbano M, Pilotto A, Kornhuber J, Bosco P, Todd S, Craig D, Johnston J, Gill M, Lawlor B, Lynch A, Fox NC, Hardy J, Albin RL, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Asthana S, Atwood CS, Baldwin CT, Barnes LL, Barral S, Beach TG, Becker JT, Bigio EH, Bird TD, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Burns JM, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carlsson CM, Carney RM, Carrasquillo MM, Carroll SL, Diaz CC, Chui HC, Clark DG, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, Dick M, Duara R, Evans DA, Faber KM, Fallon KB, Fardo DW, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Foroud TM, Galasko DR, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Gilbert JR, Graff-Radford NR, Green RC, Growdon JH, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Honig LS, Huentelman MJ, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jarvik GP, Abner E, Jin LW, Jun G, Karydas A, Kaye JA, Kim R, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Li G, Lieberman AP, Lunetta KL, Lyketsos CG, Marson DC, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Morris JC, Murrell JR, Myers AJ, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Pankratz VS, Parisi JE, Paulson HL, Perry W, Peskind E, Pierce A, Poon WW, Potter H, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reisberg B, Reitz C, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rogaeva E, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Sager MA, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Swerdlow RH, Tanzi RE, Thornton-Wells TA, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Wilhelmsen KC, Williamson J, Wingo TS, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Yu CE, Yu L, Garzia F, Golamaully F, Septier G, Engelborghs S, Vandenberghe R, De Deyn PP, Fernadez CM, Benito YA, Thonberg H, Forsell C, Lilius L, Kinhult-Stählbom A, Kilander L, Brundin R, Concari L, Helisalmi S, Koivisto AM, Haapasalo A, Dermecourt V, Fievet N, Hanon O, Dufouil C, Brice A, Ritchie K, Dubois B, Himali JJ, Keene CD, Tschanz J, Fitzpatrick AL, Kukull WA, Norton M, Aspelund T, Larson EB, Munger R, Rotter JI, Lipton RB, Bullido MJ, Hofman A, Montine TJ, Coto E, Boerwinkle E, Petersen RC, Alvarez V, Rivadeneira F, Reiman EM, Gallo M, O'Donnell CJ, Reisch JS, Bruni AC, Royall DR, Dichgans M, Sano M, Galimberti D, St George-Hyslop P, Scarpini E, Tsuang DW, Mancuso M, Bonuccelli U, Winslow AR, Daniele A, Wu CK, Peters O, Nacmias B, Riemenschneider M, Heun R, Brayne C, Rubinsztein DC, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Al-Chalabi A, Shaw CE, Collinge J, Mann D, Tsolaki M, Clarimón J, Sussams R, Lovestone S, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Behrens TW, Mead S, Goate AM, Uitterlinden AG, Holmes C, Cruchaga C, Ingelsson M, Bennett DA, Powell J, Golde TE, Graff C, De Jager PL, Morgan K, Ertekin-Taner N, Combarros O, Psaty BM, Passmore P, Younkin SG, Berr C, Gudnason V, Rujescu D, Dickson DW, Dartigues JF, DeStefano AL, Ortega-Cubero S, Hakonarson H, Campion D, Boada M, Kauwe JK, Farrer LA, Van Broeckhoven C, Ikram MA, Jones L, Haines JL, Tzourio C, Launer LJ, Escott-Price V, Mayeux R, Deleuze JF, Amin N, Holmans PA, Pericak-Vance MA, Amouyel P, van Duijn CM, Ramirez A, Wang LS, Lambert JC, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD. Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1373-1384. [PMID: 28714976 PMCID: PMC5669039 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 601] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We identified rare coding variants associated with Alzheimer's disease in a three-stage case-control study of 85,133 subjects. In stage 1, we genotyped 34,174 samples using a whole-exome microarray. In stage 2, we tested associated variants (P < 1 × 10-4) in 35,962 independent samples using de novo genotyping and imputed genotypes. In stage 3, we used an additional 14,997 samples to test the most significant stage 2 associations (P < 5 × 10-8) using imputed genotypes. We observed three new genome-wide significant nonsynonymous variants associated with Alzheimer's disease: a protective variant in PLCG2 (rs72824905: p.Pro522Arg, P = 5.38 × 10-10, odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, minor allele frequency (MAF)cases = 0.0059, MAFcontrols = 0.0093), a risk variant in ABI3 (rs616338: p.Ser209Phe, P = 4.56 × 10-10, OR = 1.43, MAFcases = 0.011, MAFcontrols = 0.008), and a new genome-wide significant variant in TREM2 (rs143332484: p.Arg62His, P = 1.55 × 10-14, OR = 1.67, MAFcases = 0.0143, MAFcontrols = 0.0089), a known susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. These protein-altering changes are in genes highly expressed in microglia and highlight an immune-related protein-protein interaction network enriched for previously identified risk genes in Alzheimer's disease. These genetic findings provide additional evidence that the microglia-mediated innate immune response contributes directly to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Sims
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology/Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Nandini Badarinarayan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Rachel Raybould
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Vronskaya
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert R Graham
- Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert Olaso
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Megan L Grove
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Charles C White
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jacques Epelbaum
- UMR 894, Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Seung-Hoan Choi
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cécile Dulary
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Cory C Funk
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Céline Derbois
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hongdong Li
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Delphine Bacq
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Denise Harold
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Otto Valladares
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rhodri Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Liming Qu
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Taniesha Morgan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Frank J Wolters
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yi Zhao
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Nicola Denning
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John Malamon
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Elisa Majounie
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Departments of Medicine, Geriatrics, Gerontology and Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Beth Dombroski
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Wallon
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Sotteville les Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrice Whitehead
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Medway
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Lina Keller
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francesco Panza
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeremy D Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Petra Proitsi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hieab H Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Davide Seripa
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Pau Pastor
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Didier Hannequin
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Ana Frank-García
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Center for Cognitive Disorders AUSL, Parma, Italy
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund and UPMC Chair, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) and Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
- INSERM UMRS 1171, CNR-Maj, Lille, France
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Isabel Henández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lluis Tarraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Perrie M Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Markus Leber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valur Emilsson
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Duane Beekly
- National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anne Braae
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Department of Neurology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rachelle S Doody
- Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - W T Longstreth
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas J Fairchild
- Office of Strategy and Measurement, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleonora Sacchinelli
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan M Huebinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Oscar Sotolongo-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Chris Corcoran
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Melanie Dunstan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Braddel
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Charlene Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alun Meggy
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Gerrish
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jade Chapman
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matt Hill
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mònica Díez Fairén
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Hodges
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM U558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Elderly and Psychiatric Disorders Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Makrina Daniilidou
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychiatry for the Elderly, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - James Uphill
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yogen Patel
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph T Hughes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turton
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Serpente
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Arcaro
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Donata Orfei
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pichler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Manuel Mayhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imelda S Barber
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Keeley Brookes
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chiara Cupidi
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | | | - David Carrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- NEUROFARBA (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS 'Don Carlo Gnocchi', Florence, Italy
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Urbano
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima Srl, Troina, Italy
| | - Stephen Todd
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - David Craig
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Janet Johnston
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Michael Gill
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoibhinn Lynch
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nick C Fox
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Craig S Atwood
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - James T Becker
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - James R Burke
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Burns
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chris S Carlson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cynthia M Carlsson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Regina M Carney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carolina Ceballos Diaz
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David G Clark
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Neurology, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Crocco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Malcolm Dick
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenneth B Fallon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Martin R Farlow
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven Ferris
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Alzheimer's Disease Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John R Gilbert
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John H Growdon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindy E Harrell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gyungah Jun
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James B Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniel C Marson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Frank Martiniuk
- Department of Medicine-Pulmonary, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wayne C McCormick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan M McCurry
- School of Nursing Northwest Research Group on Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew N McDavid
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marsel Mesulam
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jill R Murrell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Amanda J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - John M Olichney
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Vernon S Pankratz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William Perry
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Elaine Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Aimee Pierce
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wayne W Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ashok Raj
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Murray Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Barry Reisberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Roger N Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mark A Sager
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amanda G Smith
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tricia A Thornton-Wells
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kirk C Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Williamson
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fabienne Garzia
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Feroze Golamaully
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Gislain Septier
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Sebastien Engelborghs
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Carmen Muñoz Fernadez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yoland Aladro Benito
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Hakan Thonberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Forsell
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Lilius
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Kinhult-Stählbom
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - RoseMarie Brundin
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Letizia Concari
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Center for Cognitive Disorders AUSL, Parma, Italy
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Maria Koivisto
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vincent Dermecourt
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Fievet
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Hôpital Broca, Geriatrics Department, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Hôpital Broca, Geriatrics Department, Paris, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Neuroepidemiology, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Neuroepidemiology, UMR 897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Karen Ritchie
- INSERM U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Institut des Neurosciences Translationnelles de Paris (IHU-A-ICM), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Paris, France
- INSERM, CNRS, UMRS 975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - JoAnn Tschanz
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maria Norton
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Centre for Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ron Munger
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - María J Bullido
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Victoria Alvarez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Maura Gallo
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | | | - Joan S Reisch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Donald R Royall
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Family and Community Medicine and South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Debby W Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ashley R Winslow
- PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Chuang-Kuo Wu
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- NEUROFARBA (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS 'Don Carlo Gnocchi', Florence, Italy
| | | | - Reinhard Heun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebecca Sussams
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Simon Mead
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Clive Holmes
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Powell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Todd E Golde
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Caroline Graff
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nilufer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Onofre Combarros
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Claudine Berr
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Memory Research and Resources Center, CMRR of Montpellier, Department of Neurology, Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Anita L DeStefano
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Ortega-Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurosciences, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dominique Campion
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Sotteville les Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Merce Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Keoni Kauwe
- Departments of Biology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lesley Jones
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neuroepidemiology, UMR 897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A Holmans
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
| | | | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Lord
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - G. Davlyatov
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Lord J, Weech-Maldonado R, Davlyatov G. FROM THE CFO TO THE BEDSIDE: AN EXAMINATION OF NURSING HOME FINANCIAL DISTRESS ON QUALITY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Lord
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - G. Davlyatov
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Lord J, Weech-Maldonado R, Davlyatov G. EXAMINING ORGANIZATIONAL AND MARKET FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NURSING HOME FINANCIAL DISTRESS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Lord
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - G. Davlyatov
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Anokye N, Anagnostou A, Lord J, Taylor S, Vali Y, Foster C, Whincup P, Jefferis BJ, Fox-Rushby J. A ′microsimulation′ model for assessing the cost effectiveness of physical activity interventions. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw164.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Anokye
- Health Economics Research Group (HERG), Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - A Anagnostou
- Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - J Lord
- Southampton Health Technology Assessment Centres, University of Southampton, Southhampton, UK
| | - S Taylor
- Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Y Vali
- Health Economics Research Group (HERG), Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - C Foster
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Osford, UK
| | - P Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - BJ Jefferis
- Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Fox-Rushby
- Health Economics Research Group (HERG), Brunel University London, London, UK
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49
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Sassi C, Ridge PG, Nalls MA, Gibbs R, Ding J, Lupton MK, Troakes C, Lunnon K, Al-Sarraj S, Brown KS, Medway C, Lord J, Turton J, Morgan K, Powell JF, Kauwe JS, Cruchaga C, Bras J, Goate AM, Singleton AB, Guerreiro R, Hardy J. Influence of Coding Variability in APP-Aβ Metabolism Genes in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150079. [PMID: 27249223 PMCID: PMC4889076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebral deposition of Aβ42, a neurotoxic proteolytic derivate of amyloid precursor protein (APP), is a central event in Alzheimer's disease (AD)(Amyloid hypothesis). Given the key role of APP-Aβ metabolism in AD pathogenesis, we selected 29 genes involved in APP processing, Aβ degradation and clearance. We then used exome and genome sequencing to investigate the single independent (single-variant association test) and cumulative (gene-based association test) effect of coding variants in these genes as potential susceptibility factors for AD, in a cohort composed of 332 sporadic and mainly late-onset AD cases and 676 elderly controls from North America and the UK. Our study shows that common coding variability in these genes does not play a major role for the disease development. In the single-variant association analysis, the main hits, none of which statistically significant after multiple testing correction (1.9e-4
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Sassi
- Reta Lila, Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charite’ Universitätmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin site, Germany
| | - Perry G. Ridge
- Departments of Biology, Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Raphael Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Michelle K. Lupton
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Claire Troakes
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Lunnon
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kristelle S. Brown
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Medway
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny Lord
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Turton
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Powell
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Kauwe
- Departments of Biology, Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Washington University, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Jose Bras
- Reta Lila, Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn Medical Institute, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Reta Lila, Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila, Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
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50
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Dures E, Tillett W, Lord J, Bowen C, McHugh N, Hewlett S. FRI0643-HPR A Multicentre Focus Group Study on Important Outcomes for Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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