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Rajabli F, Benchek P, Tosto G, Kushch N, Sha J, Bazemore K, Zhu C, Lee WP, Haut J, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Wheeler NR, Zhao Y, Farrell JJ, Grunin MA, Leung YY, Kuksa PP, Li D, Lucio da Fonseca E, Mez JB, Palmer EL, Pillai J, Sherva RM, Song YE, Zhang X, Iqbal T, Pathak O, Valladares O, Kuzma AB, Abner E, Adams PM, Aguirre A, Albert MS, Albin RL, Allen M, Alvarez L, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Asthana S, Atwood CS, Ayres G, Baldwin CT, Barber RC, Barnes LL, Barral S, Beach TG, Becker JT, Beecham GW, Beekly D, Benitez BA, Bennett D, Bertelson J, Bird TD, Blacker D, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Brewer J, Burke JR, Burns JM, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cantwell LB, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carlsson CM, Carney RM, Carrasquillo MM, Chasse S, Chesselet MF, Chin NA, Chui HC, Chung J, Craft S, Crane PK, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, Cruchaga C, Cuccaro ML, Cullum M, Darby E, Davis B, De Jager PL, DeCarli C, DeToledo J, Dick M, Dickson DW, Dombroski BA, Doody RS, Duara R, Ertekin-Taner NI, Evans DA, Faber KM, Fairchild TJ, Fallon KB, Fardo DW, Farlow MR, Fernandez-Hernandez V, Ferris S, Foroud TM, Frosch MP, Fulton-Howard B, Galasko DR, Gamboa A, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Ghetti B, Gilbert JR, Goate AM, Grabowski TJ, Graff-Radford NR, Green RC, Growdon JH, Hakonarson H, Hall J, Hamilton RL, Harari O, Hardy J, Harrell LE, Head E, Henderson VW, Hernandez M, Hohman T, Honig LS, Huebinger RM, Huentelman MJ, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Hynan LS, Ibanez L, Jarvik GP, Jayadev S, Jin LW, Johnson K, Johnson L, Kamboh MI, Karydas AM, Katz MJ, Kauwe JS, Kaye JA, Keene CD, Khaleeq A, Kim R, Knebl J, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, Kukull WA, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Larson EB, Lerner A, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Lieberman AP, Lipton RB, Logue M, Lopez OL, Lunetta KL, Lyketsos CG, Mains D, Margaret FE, Marson DC, Martin ERR, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, Massman P, Masurkar A, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McDonough S, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Montine TJ, Monuki ES, Morris JC, Mukherjee S, Myers AJ, Nguyen T, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Ory M, Palmer R, Parisi JE, Paulson HL, Pavlik V, Paydarfar D, Perez V, Peskind E, Petersen RC, Pierce A, Polk M, Poon WW, Potter H, Qu L, Quiceno M, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reiman EM, Reisberg B, Reisch JS, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rodriguear M, Rogaeva E, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Royall DR, Sager MA, Sano M, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Slifer SH, Small S, Smith AG, Smith JP, Sonnen JA, Spina S, St George-Hyslop P, Stern RA, Stevens AB, Strittmatter SM, Sultzer D, Swerdlow RH, Tanzi RE, Tilson JL, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Tsuang DW, Van Deerlin VM, van Eldik LJ, Vance JM, Vardarajan BN, Vassar R, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Whitehead PL, Wijsman EM, Wilhelmsen KC, Williams B, Williamson J, Wilms H, Wingo TS, Wisniewski T, Woltjer RL, Woon M, Wright CB, Wu CK, Younkin SG, Yu CE, Yu L, Zhu X, Kunkle BW, Bush WS, Wang LS, Farrer LA, Haines JL, Mayeux R, Pericak-Vance MA, Schellenberg GD, Jun GR, Reitz C, Naj AC. Multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 56,241 individuals identifies LRRC4C, LHX5-AS1 and nominates ancestry-specific loci PTPRK , GRB14 , and KIAA0825 as novel risk loci for Alzheimer's disease: the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium. medRxiv 2023:2023.07.06.23292311. [PMID: 37461624 PMCID: PMC10350126 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.06.23292311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Limited ancestral diversity has impaired our ability to detect risk variants more prevalent in non-European ancestry groups in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We constructed and analyzed a multi-ancestry GWAS dataset in the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Genetics Consortium (ADGC) to test for novel shared and ancestry-specific AD susceptibility loci and evaluate underlying genetic architecture in 37,382 non-Hispanic White (NHW), 6,728 African American, 8,899 Hispanic (HIS), and 3,232 East Asian individuals, performing within-ancestry fixed-effects meta-analysis followed by a cross-ancestry random-effects meta-analysis. We identified 13 loci with cross-ancestry associations including known loci at/near CR1 , BIN1 , TREM2 , CD2AP , PTK2B , CLU , SHARPIN , MS4A6A , PICALM , ABCA7 , APOE and two novel loci not previously reported at 11p12 ( LRRC4C ) and 12q24.13 ( LHX5-AS1 ). Reflecting the power of diverse ancestry in GWAS, we observed the SHARPIN locus using 7.1% the sample size of the original discovering single-ancestry GWAS (n=788,989). We additionally identified three GWS ancestry-specific loci at/near ( PTPRK ( P =2.4×10 -8 ) and GRB14 ( P =1.7×10 -8 ) in HIS), and KIAA0825 ( P =2.9×10 -8 in NHW). Pathway analysis implicated multiple amyloid regulation pathways (strongest with P adjusted =1.6×10 -4 ) and the classical complement pathway ( P adjusted =1.3×10 -3 ). Genes at/near our novel loci have known roles in neuronal development ( LRRC4C, LHX5-AS1 , and PTPRK ) and insulin receptor activity regulation ( GRB14 ). These findings provide compelling support for using traditionally-underrepresented populations for gene discovery, even with smaller sample sizes.
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Tabb JN, Maas JA, Earla BP, Fallon KB, McDonald AM, Dobelbower MC. Carotid body paraganglioma metastatic to spine causing cord compression: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:31. [PMID: 36829189 PMCID: PMC9951469 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms arising near the carotid bifurcation with a reported incidence of 1 to 2 cases in 100,000 patients. Most CBTs are sporadic, benign, slow-growing, and non-secreting, but untreated CBTs can grow locally to compress the nearby blood vessels, esophagus, and airway. Regional metastases can occur in 5% to 10% of cases, but distant metastases are exceedingly rare, occurring in roughly 1-2% of cases. As such, the optimal treatment for metastatic CBTs is not well-defined. We report a rare case of a patient with CBT distant metastases causing spinal cord compression. CASE PRESENTATION A 40-year-old African American female presented with a right neck mass, headaches, vertigo, tinnitus, hoarseness, and dysphagia. Imaging demonstrated a Shamblin II right neck mass; subsequent transcervical resection and pathology showed a carotid body paraganglioma. The patient recurred locally near the carotid bifurcation, so she underwent Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy to the recurrent right neck disease. She later re-presented with new onset bilateral lower extremity weakness, dysmetria, and numbness. She was found to have metastatic disease to the thoracic spine causing spinal cord compression. She underwent laminectomy, tumor resection, and posterior fixation followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. She was started on systemic therapy with sunitinib. She eventually progressed with metastatic disease to the right iliac bone, which was treated with palliative radiotherapy. Second line systemic therapy with capecitabine and temozolomide was started. At last follow up, the patient was asymptomatic with stable persistent disease. CONCLUSIONS Paragangliomas often exhibit a prolonged interval to the development of progression; locoregional recurrences or rare distant metastases have been reported to occur as many as 20 years from diagnosis. The natural course of CBTs in other cases as well as the present case call into question the idea that CBTs are truly benign; instead CBTs may be indolent tumors with metastatic potential. Treatment choices for CBTs include surgical resection, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy, though the optimal treatment regimen for metastatic CBTs is not well-defined. A more advanced understanding of CBT pathophysiology, disease classification, risk stratification, and treatment options is needed to improve outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmyne N. Tabb
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, USA
| | - Jared A. Maas
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Bhargav P. Earla
- grid.265892.20000000106344187UAB Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Fallon
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Andrew M. McDonald
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Michael C. Dobelbower
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Kunkle BW, Grenier-Boley B, Sims R, Bis JC, Damotte V, Naj AC, Boland A, Vronskaya M, van der Lee SJ, Amlie-Wolf A, Bellenguez C, Frizatti A, Chouraki V, Martin ER, Sleegers K, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Moreno-Grau S, Olaso R, Raybould R, Chen Y, Kuzma AB, Hiltunen M, Morgan T, Ahmad S, Vardarajan BN, Epelbaum J, Hoffmann P, Boada M, Beecham GW, Garnier JG, Harold D, Fitzpatrick AL, Valladares O, Moutet ML, Gerrish A, Smith AV, Qu L, Bacq D, Denning N, Jian X, Zhao Y, Del Zompo M, Fox NC, Choi SH, Mateo I, Hughes JT, Adams HH, Malamon J, Sanchez-Garcia F, Patel Y, Brody JA, Dombroski BA, Naranjo MCD, Daniilidou M, Eiriksdottir G, Mukherjee S, Wallon D, Uphill J, Aspelund T, Cantwell LB, Garzia F, Galimberti D, Hofer E, Butkiewicz M, Fin B, Scarpini E, Sarnowski C, Bush WS, Meslage S, Kornhuber J, White CC, Song Y, Barber RC, Engelborghs S, Sordon S, Voijnovic D, Adams PM, Vandenberghe R, Mayhaus M, Cupples LA, Albert MS, De Deyn PP, Gu W, Himali JJ, Beekly D, Squassina A, Hartmann AM, Orellana A, Blacker D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Lovestone S, Garcia ME, Doody RS, Munoz-Fernadez C, Sussams R, Lin H, Fairchild TJ, Benito YA, Holmes C, Karamujić-Čomić H, Frosch MP, Thonberg H, Maier W, Roshchupkin G, Ghetti B, Giedraitis V, Kawalia A, Li S, Huebinger RM, Kilander L, Moebus S, Hernández I, Kamboh MI, Brundin R, Turton J, Yang Q, Katz MJ, Concari L, Lord J, Beiser AS, Keene CD, Helisalmi S, Kloszewska I, Kukull WA, Koivisto AM, Lynch A, Tarraga L, Larson EB, Haapasalo A, Lawlor B, Mosley TH, Lipton RB, Solfrizzi V, Gill M, Longstreth WT, Montine TJ, Frisardi V, Diez-Fairen M, Rivadeneira F, Petersen RC, Deramecourt V, Alvarez I, Salani F, Ciaramella A, Boerwinkle E, Reiman EM, Fievet N, Rotter JI, Reisch JS, Hanon O, Cupidi C, Andre Uitterlinden AG, Royall DR, Dufouil C, Maletta RG, de Rojas I, Sano M, Brice A, Cecchetti R, George-Hyslop PS, Ritchie K, Tsolaki M, Tsuang DW, Dubois B, Craig D, Wu CK, Soininen H, Avramidou D, Albin RL, Fratiglioni L, Germanou A, Apostolova LG, Keller L, Koutroumani M, Arnold SE, Panza F, Gkatzima O, Asthana S, Hannequin D, Whitehead P, Atwood CS, Caffarra P, Hampel H, Quintela I, Carracedo Á, Lannfelt L, Rubinsztein DC, Barnes LL, Pasquier F, Frölich L, Barral S, McGuinness B, Beach TG, Johnston JA, Becker JT, Passmore P, Bigio EH, Schott JM, Bird TD, Warren JD, Boeve BF, Lupton MK, Bowen JD, Proitsi P, Boxer A, Powell JF, Burke JR, Kauwe JSK, Burns JM, Mancuso M, Buxbaum JD, Bonuccelli U, Cairns NJ, McQuillin A, Cao C, Livingston G, Carlson CS, Bass NJ, Carlsson CM, Hardy J, Carney RM, Bras J, Carrasquillo MM, Guerreiro R, Allen M, Chui HC, Fisher E, Masullo C, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, Bisceglio G, Dick M, Ma L, Duara R, Graff-Radford NR, Evans DA, Hodges A, Faber KM, Scherer M, Fallon KB, Riemenschneider M, Fardo DW, Heun R, Farlow MR, Kölsch H, Ferris S, Leber M, Foroud TM, Heuser I, Galasko DR, Giegling I, Gearing M, Hüll M, Geschwind DH, Gilbert JR, Morris J, Green RC, Mayo K, Growdon JH, Feulner T, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Drichel D, Honig LS, Cushion TD, Huentelman MJ, Hollingworth P, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Marshall R, Jarvik GP, Meggy A, Abner E, Menzies GE, Jin LW, Leonenko G, Real LM, Jun GR, Baldwin CT, Grozeva D, Karydas A, Russo G, Kaye JA, Kim R, Jessen F, Kowall NW, Vellas B, Kramer JH, Vardy E, LaFerla FM, Jöckel KH, Lah JJ, Dichgans M, Leverenz JB, Mann D, Levey AI, Pickering-Brown S, Lieberman AP, Klopp N, Lunetta KL, Wichmann HE, Lyketsos CG, Morgan K, Marson DC, Brown K, Martiniuk F, Medway C, Mash DC, Nöthen MM, Masliah E, Hooper NM, McCormick WC, Daniele A, McCurry SM, Bayer A, McDavid AN, Gallacher J, McKee AC, van den Bussche H, Mesulam M, Brayne C, Miller BL, Riedel-Heller S, Miller CA, Miller JW, Al-Chalabi A, Morris JC, Shaw CE, Myers AJ, Wiltfang J, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Alvarez V, Parisi JE, Singleton AB, Paulson HL, Collinge J, Perry WR, Mead S, Peskind E, Cribbs DH, Rossor M, Pierce A, Ryan NS, Poon WW, Nacmias B, Potter H, Sorbi S, Quinn JF, Sacchinelli E, Raj A, Spalletta G, Raskind M, Caltagirone C, Bossù P, Orfei MD, Reisberg B, Clarke R, Reitz C, Smith AD, Ringman JM, Warden D, Roberson ED, Wilcock G, Rogaeva E, Bruni AC, Rosen HJ, Gallo M, Rosenberg RN, Ben-Shlomo Y, Sager MA, Mecocci P, Saykin AJ, Pastor P, Cuccaro ML, Vance JM, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Slifer S, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Swerdlow RH, Tang M, Tanzi RE, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Wilhelmsen KC, Williamson J, Wingo TS, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Yu CE, Yu L, Saba Y, Pilotto A, Bullido MJ, Peters O, Crane PK, Bennett D, Bosco P, Coto E, Boccardi V, De Jager PL, Lleo A, Warner N, Lopez OL, Ingelsson M, Deloukas P, Cruchaga C, Graff C, Gwilliam R, Fornage M, Goate AM, Sanchez-Juan P, Kehoe PG, Amin N, Ertekin-Taner N, Berr C, Debette S, Love S, Launer LJ, Younkin SG, Dartigues JF, Corcoran C, Ikram MA, Dickson DW, Nicolas G, Campion D, Tschanz J, Schmidt H, Hakonarson H, Clarimon J, Munger R, Schmidt R, Farrer LA, Van Broeckhoven C, C O'Donovan M, DeStefano AL, Jones L, Haines JL, Deleuze JF, Owen MJ, Gudnason V, Mayeux R, Escott-Price V, Psaty BM, Ramirez A, Wang LS, Ruiz A, van Duijn CM, Holmans PA, Seshadri S, Williams J, Amouyel P, Schellenberg GD, Lambert JC, Pericak-Vance MA. Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer's disease identifies new risk loci and implicates Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing. Nat Genet 2019; 51:414-430. [PMID: 30820047 PMCID: PMC6463297 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1518] [Impact Index Per Article: 303.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), the most prevalent dementia, is partially driven by genetics. To identify LOAD risk loci, we performed a large genome-wide association meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed LOAD (94,437 individuals). We confirm 20 previous LOAD risk loci and identify five new genome-wide loci (IQCK, ACE, ADAM10, ADAMTS1, and WWOX), two of which (ADAM10, ACE) were identified in a recent genome-wide association (GWAS)-by-familial-proxy of Alzheimer's or dementia. Fine-mapping of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region confirms the neurological and immune-mediated disease haplotype HLA-DR15 as a risk factor for LOAD. Pathway analysis implicates immunity, lipid metabolism, tau binding proteins, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism, showing that genetic variants affecting APP and Aβ processing are associated not only with early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease but also with LOAD. Analyses of risk genes and pathways show enrichment for rare variants (P = 1.32 × 10-7), indicating that additional rare variants remain to be identified. We also identify important genetic correlations between LOAD and traits such as family history of dementia and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vincent Damotte
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology/Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Maria Vronskaya
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Amlie-Wolf
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Aura Frizatti
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nandini Badarinarayan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Kara L Hamilton-Nelson
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Olaso
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Rachel Raybould
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Taniesha Morgan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacques Epelbaum
- UMR 894, Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Merce Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jean-Guillaume Garnier
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Denise Harold
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Otto Valladares
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marie-Laure Moutet
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Amy Gerrish
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Liming Qu
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Delphine Bacq
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Nicola Denning
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Del Zompo
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Seung-Hoan Choi
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Mateo
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Joseph T Hughes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hieab H Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John Malamon
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Yogen Patel
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Makrina Daniilidou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - David Wallon
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - James Uphill
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Centre for Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabienne Garzia
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mariusz Butkiewicz
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bertrand Fin
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Chloe Sarnowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Will S Bush
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stéphane Meslage
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Charles C White
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuenjoo Song
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Laboratory for Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Sordon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Dina Voijnovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Perrie M Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manuel Mayhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Laboratory for Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Jayanadra J Himali
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Duane Beekly
- National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rachelle S Doody
- Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Munoz-Fernadez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rebecca Sussams
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J Fairchild
- Office of Strategy and Measurement, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Yolanda A Benito
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Clive Holmes
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Hakan Thonberg
- Theme Aging, Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Alzheimer Research Center, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gennady Roshchupkin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amit Kawalia
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan M Huebinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - RoseMarie Brundin
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - James Turton
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Letizia Concari
- Section of Neuroscience, DIMEC-University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- FERB-Alzheimer Center, Gazzaniga (Bergamo), Italy
| | - Jenny Lord
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Elderly and Psychiatric Disorders Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne Maria Koivisto
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aoibhinn Lynch
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Aging, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lluís Tarraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eric B Larson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Aging, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Departments of Medicine, Geriatrics, Gerontology and Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unity, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Michael Gill
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Aging, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W T Longstreth
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vincenza Frisardi
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdamt, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vincent Deramecourt
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Salani
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Nathalie Fievet
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Joan S Reisch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Olivier Hanon
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Geriatrics Department, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Cupidi
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - A G Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdamt, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Donald R Royall
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, Family & Community Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm 1219, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital / CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexis Brice
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Ritchie
- Inserm U1061 Neuropsychiatry, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Debby W Tsuang
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/>GRECC, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer and Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Institut des Neurosciences Translationnelles de Paris, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- Inserm, CNRS, UMR-S975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - David Craig
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chuang-Kuo Wu
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Despoina Avramidou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS), Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonia Germanou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lina Keller
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Koutroumani
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Francesco Panza
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Olymbia Gkatzima
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Didier Hannequin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Patrice Whitehead
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Craig S Atwood
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Brain & Spine Institute, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
- Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Inés Quintela
- Grupo de Medicina Xenomica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenomica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Florence Pasquier
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Lutz Frölich
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Janet A Johnston
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - James T Becker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Passmore
- Ageing Group, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/>GRECC, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jason D Warren
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Michelle K Lupton
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Petra Proitsi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John F Powell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James R Burke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John S K Kauwe
- Departments of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Burns
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Chuanhai Cao
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gill Livingston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris S Carlson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nicholas J Bass
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Regina M Carney
- Mental Health & Behavioral Science Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jose Bras
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Rita Guerreiro
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fisher
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Department of Neurology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elizabeth A Crocco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Gina Bisceglio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Malcolm Dick
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | | | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Angela Hodges
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth B Fallon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Reinhard Heun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin R Farlow
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Heike Kölsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Ferris
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus Leber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Isabella Heuser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Alzheimer's Disease Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Hüll
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John R Gilbert
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Mayo
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John H Growdon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Feulner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lindy E Harrell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dmitriy Drichel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas D Cushion
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Paul Hollingworth
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alun Meggy
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Erin Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Georgina E Menzies
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ganna Leonenko
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luis M Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gyungah R Jun
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Detelina Grozeva
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Giancarlo Russo
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Inserm U558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emma Vardy
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - James B Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Mann
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Norman Klopp
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians University Chair of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
- Joint Biobank Munich and KORA Biobank, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Daniel C Marson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Frank Martiniuk
- Department of Medicine-Pulmonary, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Medway
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nigel M Hooper
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Susan M McCurry
- School of Nursing Northwest Research Group on Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anthony Bayer
- Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andrew N McDavid
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - John Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hendrik van den Bussche
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marsel Mesulam
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carol Brayne
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscienceó, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscienceó, King's College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Goettingen, Germany
- IBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - John M Olichney
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Victoria Alvarez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - William R Perry
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Simon Mead
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Elaine Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Martin Rossor
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Aimee Pierce
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Natalie S Ryan
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Wayne W Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca, Trasferimento e Alta Formazione DENOTHE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eleonora Sacchinelli
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Ashok Raj
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Murray Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bossù
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Experimental Neuropsychobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Donata Orfei
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Barry Reisberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- Oxford Healthy Aging Project, Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - A David Smith
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Donald Warden
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gordon Wilcock
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maura Gallo
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Roger N Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark A Sager
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael L Cuccaro
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeffery M Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lori S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Slifer
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amanda G Smith
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mitchell Tang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kirk C Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Williamson
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Clinton B Wright
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- Gerontology and Geriatrics Research Laboratory, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Department Geriatric Care, Orthogeriatrics and Rehabilitation, Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria J Bullido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiPAZ, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paola Bosco
- Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima Srl, Troina, Italy
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Phil L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Lleo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nick Warner
- Somerset Partnership NHS Trust, Somerset, UK
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline Graff
- Theme Aging, Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Alzheimer Research Center, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rhian Gwilliam
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pascual Sanchez-Juan
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Patrick G Kehoe
- University of Bristol Medical School, Learning & Research level 2, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nilifur Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Claudine Berr
- Inserm U1061 Neuropsychiatry, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Seth Love
- University of Bristol Medical School, Learning & Research level 2, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Departments of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gael Nicolas
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Dominique Campion
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
- Department of Research Rouvray Psychiatric Hospital, Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France
| | | | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anita L DeStefano
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lesley Jones
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, and LabEx GENMED, Evry, France
| | - Michael J Owen
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente, Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades-Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Peter A Holmans
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Julie Williams
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Phillippe Amouyel
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Inserm, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France.
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
- Univ. Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France.
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Sims R, van der Lee SJ, Naj AC, Bellenguez C, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J, Kunkle BW, Boland A, Raybould R, Bis JC, Martin ER, Grenier-Boley B, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Chouraki V, Kuzma AB, Sleegers K, Vronskaya M, Ruiz A, Graham RR, Olaso R, Hoffmann P, Grove ML, Vardarajan BN, Hiltunen M, Nöthen MM, White CC, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Epelbaum J, Maier W, Choi SH, Beecham GW, Dulary C, Herms S, Smith AV, Funk CC, Derbois C, Forstner AJ, Ahmad S, Li H, Bacq D, Harold D, Satizabal CL, Valladares O, Squassina A, Thomas R, Brody JA, Qu L, Sánchez-Juan P, Morgan T, Wolters FJ, Zhao Y, Garcia FS, Denning N, Fornage M, Malamon J, Naranjo MCD, Majounie E, Mosley TH, Dombroski B, Wallon D, Lupton MK, Dupuis J, Whitehead P, Fratiglioni L, Medway C, Jian X, Mukherjee S, Keller L, Brown K, Lin H, Cantwell LB, Panza F, McGuinness B, Moreno-Grau S, Burgess JD, Solfrizzi V, Proitsi P, Adams HH, Allen M, Seripa D, Pastor P, Cupples LA, Price ND, Hannequin D, Frank-García A, Levy D, Chakrabarty P, Caffarra P, Giegling I, Beiser AS, Giedraitis V, Hampel H, Garcia ME, Wang X, Lannfelt L, Mecocci P, Eiriksdottir G, Crane PK, Pasquier F, Boccardi V, Henández I, Barber RC, Scherer M, Tarraga L, Adams PM, Leber M, Chen Y, Albert MS, Riedel-Heller S, Emilsson V, Beekly D, Braae A, Schmidt R, Blacker D, Masullo C, Schmidt H, Doody RS, Spalletta G, Longstreth WT, Fairchild TJ, Bossù P, Lopez OL, Frosch MP, Sacchinelli E, Ghetti B, Yang Q, Huebinger RM, Jessen F, Li S, Kamboh MI, Morris J, Sotolongo-Grau O, Katz MJ, Corcoran C, Dunstan M, Braddel A, Thomas C, Meggy A, Marshall R, Gerrish A, Chapman J, Aguilar M, Taylor S, Hill M, Fairén MD, Hodges A, Vellas B, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Daniilidou M, Uphill J, Patel Y, Hughes JT, Lord J, Turton J, Hartmann AM, Cecchetti R, Fenoglio C, Serpente M, Arcaro M, Caltagirone C, Orfei MD, Ciaramella A, Pichler S, Mayhaus M, Gu W, Lleó A, Fortea J, Blesa R, Barber IS, Brookes K, Cupidi C, Maletta RG, Carrell D, Sorbi S, Moebus S, Urbano M, Pilotto A, Kornhuber J, Bosco P, Todd S, Craig D, Johnston J, Gill M, Lawlor B, Lynch A, Fox NC, Hardy J, Albin RL, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Asthana S, Atwood CS, Baldwin CT, Barnes LL, Barral S, Beach TG, Becker JT, Bigio EH, Bird TD, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Burns JM, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carlsson CM, Carney RM, Carrasquillo MM, Carroll SL, Diaz CC, Chui HC, Clark DG, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, Dick M, Duara R, Evans DA, Faber KM, Fallon KB, Fardo DW, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Foroud TM, Galasko DR, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Gilbert JR, Graff-Radford NR, Green RC, Growdon JH, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Honig LS, Huentelman MJ, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jarvik GP, Abner E, Jin LW, Jun G, Karydas A, Kaye JA, Kim R, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Li G, Lieberman AP, Lunetta KL, Lyketsos CG, Marson DC, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Morris JC, Murrell JR, Myers AJ, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Pankratz VS, Parisi JE, Paulson HL, Perry W, Peskind E, Pierce A, Poon WW, Potter H, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reisberg B, Reitz C, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rogaeva E, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Sager MA, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Swerdlow RH, Tanzi RE, Thornton-Wells TA, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Wilhelmsen KC, Williamson J, Wingo TS, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Yu CE, Yu L, Garzia F, Golamaully F, Septier G, Engelborghs S, Vandenberghe R, De Deyn PP, Fernadez CM, Benito YA, Thonberg H, Forsell C, Lilius L, Kinhult-Stählbom A, Kilander L, Brundin R, Concari L, Helisalmi S, Koivisto AM, Haapasalo A, Dermecourt V, Fievet N, Hanon O, Dufouil C, Brice A, Ritchie K, Dubois B, Himali JJ, Keene CD, Tschanz J, Fitzpatrick AL, Kukull WA, Norton M, Aspelund T, Larson EB, Munger R, Rotter JI, Lipton RB, Bullido MJ, Hofman A, Montine TJ, Coto E, Boerwinkle E, Petersen RC, Alvarez V, Rivadeneira F, Reiman EM, Gallo M, O'Donnell CJ, Reisch JS, Bruni AC, Royall DR, Dichgans M, Sano M, Galimberti D, St George-Hyslop P, Scarpini E, Tsuang DW, Mancuso M, Bonuccelli U, Winslow AR, Daniele A, Wu CK, Peters O, Nacmias B, Riemenschneider M, Heun R, Brayne C, Rubinsztein DC, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Al-Chalabi A, Shaw CE, Collinge J, Mann D, Tsolaki M, Clarimón J, Sussams R, Lovestone S, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Behrens TW, Mead S, Goate AM, Uitterlinden AG, Holmes C, Cruchaga C, Ingelsson M, Bennett DA, Powell J, Golde TE, Graff C, De Jager PL, Morgan K, Ertekin-Taner N, Combarros O, Psaty BM, Passmore P, Younkin SG, Berr C, Gudnason V, Rujescu D, Dickson DW, Dartigues JF, DeStefano AL, Ortega-Cubero S, Hakonarson H, Campion D, Boada M, Kauwe JK, Farrer LA, Van Broeckhoven C, Ikram MA, Jones L, Haines JL, Tzourio C, Launer LJ, Escott-Price V, Mayeux R, Deleuze JF, Amin N, Holmans PA, Pericak-Vance MA, Amouyel P, van Duijn CM, Ramirez A, Wang LS, Lambert JC, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD. Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1373-1384. [PMID: 28714976 PMCID: PMC5669039 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 601] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We identified rare coding variants associated with Alzheimer's disease in a three-stage case-control study of 85,133 subjects. In stage 1, we genotyped 34,174 samples using a whole-exome microarray. In stage 2, we tested associated variants (P < 1 × 10-4) in 35,962 independent samples using de novo genotyping and imputed genotypes. In stage 3, we used an additional 14,997 samples to test the most significant stage 2 associations (P < 5 × 10-8) using imputed genotypes. We observed three new genome-wide significant nonsynonymous variants associated with Alzheimer's disease: a protective variant in PLCG2 (rs72824905: p.Pro522Arg, P = 5.38 × 10-10, odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, minor allele frequency (MAF)cases = 0.0059, MAFcontrols = 0.0093), a risk variant in ABI3 (rs616338: p.Ser209Phe, P = 4.56 × 10-10, OR = 1.43, MAFcases = 0.011, MAFcontrols = 0.008), and a new genome-wide significant variant in TREM2 (rs143332484: p.Arg62His, P = 1.55 × 10-14, OR = 1.67, MAFcases = 0.0143, MAFcontrols = 0.0089), a known susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. These protein-altering changes are in genes highly expressed in microglia and highlight an immune-related protein-protein interaction network enriched for previously identified risk genes in Alzheimer's disease. These genetic findings provide additional evidence that the microglia-mediated innate immune response contributes directly to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Sims
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology/Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Nandini Badarinarayan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Rachel Raybould
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Vronskaya
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert R Graham
- Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert Olaso
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Megan L Grove
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Charles C White
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jacques Epelbaum
- UMR 894, Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Seung-Hoan Choi
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cécile Dulary
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Cory C Funk
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Céline Derbois
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hongdong Li
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Delphine Bacq
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Denise Harold
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Otto Valladares
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rhodri Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Liming Qu
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Taniesha Morgan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Frank J Wolters
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yi Zhao
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Nicola Denning
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John Malamon
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Elisa Majounie
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Departments of Medicine, Geriatrics, Gerontology and Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Beth Dombroski
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Wallon
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Sotteville les Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrice Whitehead
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Medway
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Lina Keller
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francesco Panza
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeremy D Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Petra Proitsi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hieab H Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Davide Seripa
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Pau Pastor
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Didier Hannequin
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Ana Frank-García
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Center for Cognitive Disorders AUSL, Parma, Italy
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund and UPMC Chair, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) and Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
- INSERM UMRS 1171, CNR-Maj, Lille, France
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Isabel Henández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lluis Tarraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Perrie M Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Markus Leber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valur Emilsson
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Duane Beekly
- National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anne Braae
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Department of Neurology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rachelle S Doody
- Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - W T Longstreth
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas J Fairchild
- Office of Strategy and Measurement, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleonora Sacchinelli
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan M Huebinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Oscar Sotolongo-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Chris Corcoran
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Melanie Dunstan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Braddel
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Charlene Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alun Meggy
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Gerrish
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jade Chapman
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matt Hill
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mònica Díez Fairén
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Hodges
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM U558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Elderly and Psychiatric Disorders Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Makrina Daniilidou
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychiatry for the Elderly, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - James Uphill
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yogen Patel
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph T Hughes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turton
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Serpente
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Arcaro
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Donata Orfei
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pichler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Manuel Mayhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imelda S Barber
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Keeley Brookes
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chiara Cupidi
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | | | - David Carrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- NEUROFARBA (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS 'Don Carlo Gnocchi', Florence, Italy
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Urbano
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima Srl, Troina, Italy
| | - Stephen Todd
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - David Craig
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Janet Johnston
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Michael Gill
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoibhinn Lynch
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nick C Fox
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Craig S Atwood
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - James T Becker
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - James R Burke
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Burns
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chris S Carlson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cynthia M Carlsson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Regina M Carney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carolina Ceballos Diaz
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David G Clark
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Neurology, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Crocco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Malcolm Dick
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenneth B Fallon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Martin R Farlow
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven Ferris
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Alzheimer's Disease Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John R Gilbert
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John H Growdon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindy E Harrell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gyungah Jun
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James B Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniel C Marson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Frank Martiniuk
- Department of Medicine-Pulmonary, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wayne C McCormick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan M McCurry
- School of Nursing Northwest Research Group on Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew N McDavid
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marsel Mesulam
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jill R Murrell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Amanda J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - John M Olichney
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Vernon S Pankratz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William Perry
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Elaine Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Aimee Pierce
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wayne W Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ashok Raj
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Murray Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Barry Reisberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Roger N Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mark A Sager
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amanda G Smith
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tricia A Thornton-Wells
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kirk C Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Williamson
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fabienne Garzia
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Feroze Golamaully
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Gislain Septier
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Sebastien Engelborghs
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Carmen Muñoz Fernadez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yoland Aladro Benito
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Hakan Thonberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Forsell
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Lilius
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Kinhult-Stählbom
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - RoseMarie Brundin
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Letizia Concari
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Center for Cognitive Disorders AUSL, Parma, Italy
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Maria Koivisto
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vincent Dermecourt
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Fievet
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Hôpital Broca, Geriatrics Department, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Hôpital Broca, Geriatrics Department, Paris, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Neuroepidemiology, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Neuroepidemiology, UMR 897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Karen Ritchie
- INSERM U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Institut des Neurosciences Translationnelles de Paris (IHU-A-ICM), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Paris, France
- INSERM, CNRS, UMRS 975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - JoAnn Tschanz
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maria Norton
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Centre for Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ron Munger
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - María J Bullido
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Victoria Alvarez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Maura Gallo
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | | | - Joan S Reisch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Donald R Royall
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Family and Community Medicine and South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Debby W Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ashley R Winslow
- PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Chuang-Kuo Wu
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- NEUROFARBA (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS 'Don Carlo Gnocchi', Florence, Italy
| | | | - Reinhard Heun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebecca Sussams
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Simon Mead
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Clive Holmes
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Powell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Todd E Golde
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Caroline Graff
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nilufer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Onofre Combarros
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Claudine Berr
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Memory Research and Resources Center, CMRR of Montpellier, Department of Neurology, Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Anita L DeStefano
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Ortega-Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurosciences, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dominique Campion
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Sotteville les Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Merce Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Keoni Kauwe
- Departments of Biology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lesley Jones
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neuroepidemiology, UMR 897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A Holmans
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
| | | | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang LS, Naj AC, Graham RR, Crane PK, Kunkle BW, Cruchaga C, Murcia JDG, Cannon-Albright L, Baldwin CT, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Kukull WA, Faber KM, Schupf N, Norton MC, Tschanz JT, Munger RG, Corcoran CD, Rogaeva E, Lin CF, Dombroski BA, Cantwell LB, Partch A, Valladares O, Hakonarson H, St George-Hyslop P, Green RC, Goate AM, Foroud TM, Carney RM, Larson EB, Behrens TW, Kauwe JSK, Haines JL, Farrer LA, Pericak-Vance MA, Mayeux R, Schellenberg GD, Albert MS, Albin RL, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Barber R, Barmada M, Barnes LL, Beach TG, Becker JT, Beecham GW, Beekly D, Bennett DA, Bigio EH, Bird TD, Blacker D, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carroll SL, Chui HC, Clark DG, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, DeKosky ST, Demirci FY, Dick M, Dickson DW, Duara R, Ertekin-Taner N, Fallon KB, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Frosch MP, Galasko DR, Ganguli M, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Ghetti B, Gilbert JR, Glass JD, Graff-Radford NR, Growdon JH, Hamilton RL, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Harrell LE, Head E, Honig LS, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jarvik GP, Jicha GA, Jin LW, Jun G, Jun G, Kamboh MI, Karydas A, Kaye JA, Kim R, Koo EH, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Li G, Lieberman AP, Lopez OL, Lunetta KL, Lyketsos CG, Mack WJ, Marson DC, Martin ER, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam WM, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Montine TJ, Morris JC, Murrell JR, Olichney JM, Parisi JE, Perry W, Peskind E, Petersen RC, Pierce A, Poon WW, Potter H, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reiman EM, Reisberg B, Reitz C, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Sano M, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Tanzi RE, Thornton-Wells TA, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Tsuang DW, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vardarajan BN, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Williamson J, Wishnek S, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Younkin SG, Yu CE, Yu L. Rarity of the Alzheimer disease-protective APP A673T variant in the United States. JAMA Neurol 2015; 72:209-16. [PMID: 25531812 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.2157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Recently, a rare variant in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) was described in a population from Iceland. This variant, in which alanine is replaced by threonine at position 673 (A673T), appears to protect against late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). We evaluated the frequency of this variant in AD cases and cognitively normal controls to determine whether this variant will significantly contribute to risk assessment in individuals in the United States. OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of the APP A673T variant in a large group of elderly cognitively normal controls and AD cases from the United States and in 2 case-control cohorts from Sweden. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Case-control association analysis of variant APP A673T in US and Swedish white individuals comparing AD cases with cognitively intact elderly controls. Participants were ascertained at multiple university-associated medical centers and clinics across the United States and Sweden by study-specific sampling methods. They were from case-control studies, community-based prospective cohort studies, and studies that ascertained multiplex families from multiple sources. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Genotypes for the APP A673T variant were determined using the Infinium HumanExome V1 Beadchip (Illumina, Inc) and by TaqMan genotyping (Life Technologies). RESULTS The A673T variant genotypes were evaluated in 8943 US AD cases, 10 480 US cognitively normal controls, 862 Swedish AD cases, and 707 Swedish cognitively normal controls. We identified 3 US individuals heterozygous for A673T, including 1 AD case (age at onset, 89 years) and 2 controls (age at last examination, 82 and 77 years). The remaining US samples were homozygous for the alanine (A673) allele. In the Swedish samples, 3 controls were heterozygous for A673T and all AD cases were homozygous for the A673 allele. We also genotyped a US family previously reported to harbor the A673T variant and found a mother-daughter pair, both cognitively normal at ages 72 and 84 years, respectively, who were both heterozygous for A673T; however, all individuals with AD in the family were homozygous for A673. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The A673T variant is extremely rare in US cohorts and does not play a substantial role in risk for AD in this population. This variant may be primarily restricted to Icelandic and Scandinavian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Robert R Graham
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri7Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City10George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Biomedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England13Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Uni
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York17Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York18Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia
| | - Maria C Norton
- Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development, Utah State University, Logan20Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan
| | | | - Ronald G Munger
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan
| | | | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Chiao-Feng Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Amanda Partch
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Otto Valladares
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada25Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri7Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - Regina M Carney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle28Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Department of Human Genetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California
| | - John S K Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Center for Human Genetics and Research, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah30Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts31Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts32Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida34Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York18Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York35Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
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Naj AC, Jun G, Reitz C, Kunkle BW, Perry W, Park YS, Beecham GW, Rajbhandary RA, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Wang LS, Kauwe JSK, Huentelman MJ, Myers AJ, Bird TD, Boeve BF, Baldwin CT, Jarvik GP, Crane PK, Rogaeva E, Barmada MM, Demirci FY, Cruchaga C, Kramer PL, Ertekin-Taner N, Hardy J, Graff-Radford NR, Green RC, Larson EB, St George-Hyslop PH, Buxbaum JD, Evans DA, Schneider JA, Lunetta KL, Kamboh MI, Saykin AJ, Reiman EM, De Jager PL, Bennett DA, Morris JC, Montine TJ, Goate AM, Blacker D, Tsuang DW, Hakonarson H, Kukull WA, Foroud TM, Martin ER, Haines JL, Mayeux RP, Farrer LA, Schellenberg GD, Pericak-Vance MA, Albert MS, Albin RL, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Barber R, Barnes LL, Beach TG, Becker JT, Beekly D, Bigio EH, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Cairns NJ, Cantwell LB, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carney RM, Carrasquillo MM, Carroll SL, Chui HC, Clark DG, Corneveaux J, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, DeKosky ST, Dick M, Dickson DW, Duara R, Faber KM, Fallon KB, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Frosch MP, Galasko DR, Ganguli M, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Ghetti B, Gilbert JR, Glass JD, Growdon JH, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Head E, Honig LS, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jicha GA, Jin LW, Karydas A, Kaye JA, Kim R, Koo EH, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Li G, Lieberman AP, Lin CF, Lopez OL, Lyketsos CG, Mack WJ, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Murrell JR, Olichney JM, Pankratz VS, Parisi JE, Paulson HL, Peskind E, Petersen RC, Pierce A, Poon WW, Potter H, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reisberg B, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Sano M, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Tanzi RE, Thornton-Wells TA, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Valladares O, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vardarajan BN, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Williamson J, Wishnek S, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Younkin SG, Yu CE, Yu L. Effects of multiple genetic loci on age at onset in late-onset Alzheimer disease: a genome-wide association study. JAMA Neurol 2014; 71:1394-404. [PMID: 25199842 PMCID: PMC4314944 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Because APOE locus variants contribute to risk of late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) and to differences in age at onset (AAO), it is important to know whether other established LOAD risk loci also affect AAO in affected participants. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of known Alzheimer disease risk loci in modifying AAO and to estimate their cumulative effect on AAO variation using data from genome-wide association studies in the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium comprises 14 case-control, prospective, and family-based data sets with data on 9162 participants of white race/ethnicity with Alzheimer disease occurring after age 60 years who also had complete AAO information, gathered between 1989 and 2011 at multiple sites by participating studies. Data on genotyped or imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms most significantly associated with risk at 10 confirmed LOAD loci were examined in linear modeling of AAO, and individual data set results were combined using a random-effects, inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis approach to determine whether they contribute to variation in AAO. Aggregate effects of all risk loci on AAO were examined in a burden analysis using genotype scores weighted by risk effect sizes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age at disease onset abstracted from medical records among participants with LOAD diagnosed per standard criteria. RESULTS Analysis confirmed the association of APOE with earlier AAO (P = 3.3 × 10(-96)), with associations in CR1 (rs6701713, P = 7.2 × 10(-4)), BIN1 (rs7561528, P = 4.8 × 10(-4)), and PICALM (rs561655, P = 2.2 × 10(-3)) reaching statistical significance (P < .005). Risk alleles individually reduced AAO by 3 to 6 months. Burden analyses demonstrated that APOE contributes to 3.7% of the variation in AAO (R(2) = 0.256) over baseline (R(2) = 0.221), whereas the other 9 loci together contribute to 2.2% of the variation (R(2) = 0.242). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE We confirmed an association of APOE (OMIM 107741) variants with AAO among affected participants with LOAD and observed novel associations of CR1 (OMIM 120620), BIN1 (OMIM 601248), and PICALM (OMIM 603025) with AAO. In contrast to earlier hypothetical modeling, we show that the combined effects of Alzheimer disease risk variants on AAO are on the scale of, but do not exceed, the APOE effect. While the aggregate effects of risk loci on AAO may be significant, additional genetic contributions to AAO are individually likely to be small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Gyungah Jun
- Genetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts4Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts5Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York7Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York8Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New
| | - Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - William Perry
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Yo Son Park
- The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida9The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | | | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - John S K Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Amanda J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle15Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Genetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle18Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Michael Barmada
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - F Yesim Demirci
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry and Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Patricia L Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland24Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Nilufer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida26Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - John Hardy
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida26Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle29Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington
| | - Peter H St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada30Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York32Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York33Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois36Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania37Alheimer Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis39Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona40Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix41Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Phoenix42Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts44Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Ins
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois45Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri47Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Psychiatry and Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts50Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Debby W Tsuang
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington51Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - Eden R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida9The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee55Vanderbilit Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard P Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York57Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York58Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Genetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts4Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts5Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts59Department of Epidemiology, Bos
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida9The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor63Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS), Ann Arbor, Michigan64Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Robert Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois68Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - James T Becker
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Duane Beekly
- National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois73Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - James R Burke
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | | | - Regina M Carney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - David G Clark
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Jason Corneveaux
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - David H Cribbs
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - Elizabeth A Crocco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Sacramento
| | | | - Malcolm Dick
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | | | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - Kenneth B Fallon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | | | - Steven Ferris
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia93Emory Alzheimer's Disease Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - John R Gilbert
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida9The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - John H Growdon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lindy E Harrell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Gregory A Jicha
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland103Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ronald Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - Edward H Koo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts105Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | | | - Chiao-Feng Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Alheimer Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Wendy J Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Frank Martiniuk
- Department of Medicine - Pulmonary, New York University, New York
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla113Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | | | - Susan M McCurry
- School of Nursing Northwest Research Group on Aging, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts105Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marsel Mesulam
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois115Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento
| | - Jill R Murrell
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis95Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - John M Olichney
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Sacramento
| | | | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota119Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Elaine Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | | | - Aimee Pierce
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - Wayne W Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - Huntington Potter
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Ashok Raj
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | - Murray Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Barry Reisberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York120Alzheimer's Disease Center, New York University, New York
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | | | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles122Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Amanda G Smith
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | | | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Otto Valladares
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | | | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles125Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois127Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina128Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Williamson
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sarah Wishnek
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Sung VW, Lyerly MJ, Fallon KB, Bashir K. Isolated CNS Whipple disease with normal brain MRI and false-positive CSF 14-3-3 protein: a case report and review of the literature. Brain Behav 2012; 2:838-43. [PMID: 23170246 PMCID: PMC3500470 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whipple disease (WD) is usually a systemic infectious disease that can have central nervous system (CNS) involvement. WD confined to the CNS is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose, but can be fatal if not treated in a timely fashion. We present the case of a 42-year-old man with a subacute dementia accompanied by a movement disorder consisting of progressive supranuclear gaze palsy, myoclonus, and ataxia. Our patient lacked the typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings reported with isolated CNS WD and had a false-positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 14-3-3 protein. The patient expired, and definitive diagnosis of isolated CNS WD was made by autopsy with characteristic macrophage accumulations found in the brain but not in the gastrointestinal tract. We examine the literature on isolated CNS WD and discuss how these previously unreported findings make a rare diagnosis even more challenging. The reported patient is the first in the literature with tissue diagnosis of isolated CNS WD in the setting of normal brain MRI and positive CSF 14-3-3 protein. Isolated CNS WD should be added to the list of considerations for a false-positive CSF 14-3-3 protein. Even in the absence of typical MRI lesions, a patient with subacute progressive dementia, supranuclear gaze palsy, and other various neurologic abnormalities should have the diagnosis of isolated CNS WD considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor W Sung
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
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Allen M, Zou F, Chai HS, Younkin CS, Crook J, Pankratz VS, Carrasquillo MM, Rowley CN, Nair AA, Middha S, Maharjan S, Nguyen T, Ma L, Malphrus KG, Palusak R, Lincoln S, Bisceglio G, Georgescu C, Schultz D, Rakhshan F, Kolbert CP, Jen J, Haines JL, Mayeux R, Pericak-Vance MA, Farrer LA, Schellenberg GD, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Younkin SG, Ertekin-Taner N, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Baldwin CT, Barber R, Barmada MM, Beach T, Beecham GW, Beekly D, Bennett DA, Bigio EH, Bird TD, Blacker D, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Buros J, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cantwell LB, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carney RM, Carroll SL, Chui HC, Clark DG, Corneveaux J, Cotman CW, Crane PK, Cruchaga C, Cummings JL, De Jager PL, DeCarli C, DeKosky ST, Demirci FY, Diaz-Arrastia R, Dick M, Dombroski BA, Duara R, Ellis WD, Evans D, Faber KM, Fallon KB, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Foroud TM, Frosch M, Galasko DR, Gallins PJ, Ganguli M, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Ghetti B, Gilbert JR, Gilman S, Giordani B, Glass JD, Goate AM, Green RC, Growdon JH, Hakonarson H, Hamilton RL, Hardy J, Harrell LE, Head E, Honig LS, Huentelman MJ, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jarvik GP, Jicha GA, Jin LW, Jun G, Kamboh MI, Karlawish J, Karydas A, Kauwe JSK, Kaye JA, Kennedy N, Kim R, Koo EH, Kowall NW, Kramer P, Kukull WA, Lah JJ, Larson EB, Levey AI, Lieberman AP, Lopez OL, Lunetta KL, Mack WJ, Marson DC, Martin ER, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Montine TJ, Morris JC, Myers AJ, Naj AC, Nowotny P, Parisi JE, Perl DP, Peskind E, Poon WW, Potter H, Quinn JF, Raj A, Rajbhandary RA, Raskind M, Reiman EM, Reisberg B, Reitz C, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rogaeva E, Rosenberg RN, Sano M, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley W, Shelanski ML, Slifer MA, Smith CD, Sonnen JA, Spina S, St George-Hyslop P, Stern RA, Tanzi RE, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Tsuang DW, Van Deerlin VM, Vardarajan BN, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Wang LS, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Williamson J, Woltjer RL. Novel late-onset Alzheimer disease loci variants associate with brain gene expression. Neurology 2012; 79:221-8. [PMID: 22722634 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182605801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) identified 9 novel risk loci. Discovery of functional variants within genes at these loci is required to confirm their role in Alzheimer disease (AD). Single nucleotide polymorphisms that influence gene expression (eSNPs) constitute an important class of functional variants. We therefore investigated the influence of the novel LOAD risk loci on human brain gene expression. METHODS We measured gene expression levels in the cerebellum and temporal cortex of autopsied AD subjects and those with other brain pathologies (∼400 total subjects). To determine whether any of the novel LOAD risk variants are eSNPs, we tested their cis-association with expression of 6 nearby LOAD candidate genes detectable in human brain (ABCA7, BIN1, CLU, MS4A4A, MS4A6A, PICALM) and an additional 13 genes ±100 kb of these SNPs. To identify additional eSNPs that influence brain gene expression levels of the novel candidate LOAD genes, we identified SNPs ±100 kb of their location and tested for cis-associations. RESULTS CLU rs11136000 (p = 7.81 × 10(-4)) and MS4A4A rs2304933/rs2304935 (p = 1.48 × 10(-4)-1.86 × 10(-4)) significantly influence temporal cortex expression levels of these genes. The LOAD-protective CLU and risky MS4A4A locus alleles associate with higher brain levels of these genes. There are other cis-variants that significantly influence brain expression of CLU and ABCA7 (p = 4.01 × 10(-5)-9.09 × 10(-9)), some of which also associate with AD risk (p = 2.64 × 10(-2)-6.25 × 10(-5)). CONCLUSIONS CLU and MS4A4A eSNPs may at least partly explain the LOAD risk association at these loci. CLU and ABCA7 may harbor additional strong eSNPs. These results have implications in the search for functional variants at the novel LOAD risk loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Biostatistics Unit, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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9
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Naj AC, Jun G, Beecham GW, Wang LS, Vardarajan BN, Buros J, Gallins PJ, Buxbaum JD, Jarvik GP, Crane PK, Larson EB, Bird TD, Boeve BF, Graff-Radford NR, De Jager PL, Evans D, Schneider JA, Carrasquillo MM, Ertekin-Taner N, Younkin SG, Cruchaga C, Kauwe JSK, Nowotny P, Kramer P, Hardy J, Huentelman MJ, Myers AJ, Barmada MM, Demirci FY, Baldwin CT, Green RC, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Arnold SE, Barber R, Beach T, Bigio EH, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Cairns NJ, Carlson CS, Carney RM, Carroll SL, Chui HC, Clark DG, Corneveaux J, Cotman CW, Cummings JL, DeCarli C, DeKosky ST, Diaz-Arrastia R, Dick M, Dickson DW, Ellis WG, Faber KM, Fallon KB, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Frosch MP, Galasko DR, Ganguli M, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Ghetti B, Gilbert JR, Gilman S, Giordani B, Glass JD, Growdon JH, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Head E, Honig LS, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jicha GA, Jin LW, Johnson N, Karlawish J, Karydas A, Kaye JA, Kim R, Koo EH, Kowall NW, Lah JJ, Levey AI, Lieberman AP, Lopez OL, Mack WJ, Marson DC, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Parisi JE, Perl DP, Peskind E, Petersen RC, Poon WW, Quinn JF, Rajbhandary RA, Raskind M, Reisberg B, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rosenberg RN, Sano M, Schneider LS, Seeley W, Shelanski ML, Slifer MA, Smith CD, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Tanzi RE, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Van Deerlin VM, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Williamson J, Woltjer RL, Cantwell LB, Dombroski BA, Beekly D, Lunetta KL, Martin ER, Kamboh MI, Saykin AJ, Reiman EM, Bennett DA, Morris JC, Montine TJ, Goate AM, Blacker D, Tsuang DW, Hakonarson H, Kukull WA, Foroud TM, Haines JL, Mayeux R, Pericak-Vance MA, Farrer LA, Schellenberg GD. Common variants at MS4A4/MS4A6E, CD2AP, CD33 and EPHA1 are associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2011; 43:436-41. [PMID: 21460841 PMCID: PMC3090745 DOI: 10.1038/ng.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1447] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) performed a genome-wide association study of late-onset Alzheimer disease using a three-stage design consisting of a discovery stage (stage 1) and two replication stages (stages 2 and 3). Both joint analysis and meta-analysis approaches were used. We obtained genome-wide significant results at MS4A4A (rs4938933; stages 1 and 2, meta-analysis P (P(M)) = 1.7 × 10(-9), joint analysis P (P(J)) = 1.7 × 10(-9); stages 1, 2 and 3, P(M) = 8.2 × 10(-12)), CD2AP (rs9349407; stages 1, 2 and 3, P(M) = 8.6 × 10(-9)), EPHA1 (rs11767557; stages 1, 2 and 3, P(M) = 6.0 × 10(-10)) and CD33 (rs3865444; stages 1, 2 and 3, P(M) = 1.6 × 10(-9)). We also replicated previous associations at CR1 (rs6701713; P(M) = 4.6 × 10(-10), P(J) = 5.2 × 10(-11)), CLU (rs1532278; P(M) = 8.3 × 10(-8), P(J) = 1.9 × 10(-8)), BIN1 (rs7561528; P(M) = 4.0 × 10(-14), P(J) = 5.2 × 10(-14)) and PICALM (rs561655; P(M) = 7.0 × 10(-11), P(J) = 1.0 × 10(-10)), but not at EXOC3L2, to late-onset Alzheimer's disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Naj
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Wikrom Karnsakul
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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11
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Schmidt MJ, Fallon KB, Gyure KA. Chordoma and hemangioblastoma occurring in von Hippel‐Lindau disease. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a391-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matrina J. Schmidt
- Department of PathologyWest Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences CenterP.O. Box 9203MorgantownWV26506
| | - Kenneth B. Fallon
- Department of PathologyWest Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences CenterP.O. Box 9203MorgantownWV26506
| | - Kymberly A. Gyure
- Department of PathologyWest Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences CenterP.O. Box 9203MorgantownWV26506
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Everett G Robert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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13
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Fallon KB, Palmer CA, Roth KA, Nabors LB, Wang W, Carpenter M, Banerjee R, Forsyth P, Rich K, Perry A. Prognostic Value of 1p, 19q, 9p, 10q, and EGFR-FISH Analyses in Recurrent Oligodendrogliomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2004; 63:314-22. [PMID: 15099021 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/63.4.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although 1p/19q codeletions define "genetically favorable" oligodendrogliomas, eventual tumor progression and patient death remain constant. Genetic testing is often performed at the time of recurrence, though it is unclear whether these or other genetic alterations provide useful prognostic information. We characterized 138 of 189 (73%) available primary and recurrent oligodendroglial neoplasms from 80 patients, utilizing paired FISH probes for 1p32/1q42, 19p13/19q13, CEP7/EGFR, CEP9/p16, and PTEN/DMBT1. Patients were followed until death (49%), or a median follow-up of 8.9 years. Patients with 1p/19q codeleted tumors (71%) had an estimated overall median survival of 14.9 years with an estimated 3.9 years from first recurrence. In contrast, those lacking deletions had significantly lower estimated overall median survivals of 4.7 years and 1.0 year after first recurrence (both p < 0.001). This increased survival in patients with 1p/19q codeleted tumors remained significant when adjustments were made for age, tumor grade, type of surgical procedure, and treatment with radiation or chemotherapy. Only 1 recurrence showed focal EGFR amplification, while 5 developed 10q deletions, mostly in high-grade mixed oligoastrocytomas lacking 1p/19q deletions. In contrast, p16 (9p21) deletions were common and associated with both high grade (p < 0.001) and recurrence (p = 0.002). Our data suggest that in classic oligodendrogliomas: 1) 1p/19q tumor status is a powerful predictor of patient survival, even after recurrence; 2) p16 deletions are common progression-associated alterations; and 3) 10q deletions and EGFR amplifications are sufficiently rare to suggest the possibility of alternate diagnoses.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Brain Neoplasms/genetics
- Brain Neoplasms/mortality
- Brain Neoplasms/pathology
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/analysis
- Female
- Humans
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Oligodendroglioma/genetics
- Oligodendroglioma/mortality
- Oligodendroglioma/pathology
- Prognosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B Fallon
- Division of Neuropathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0007, USA
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14
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Fallon KB, Havlioglu N, Hamilton LH, Cheng TPH, Carroll SL. Constitutive Activation of the Neuregulin-1/erbB Signaling Pathway Promotes the Proliferation of a Human Peripheral Neuroepithelioma Cell Line. J Neurooncol 2004; 66:273-84. [PMID: 15015657 DOI: 10.1023/b:neon.0000014521.28294.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) proteins, acting through their erbB receptors, promote the differentiation, survival and/or proliferation of many cell types in the developing nervous system, including neural crest cells and neural crest-derived Schwann cells. We have recently found that the proliferation of a neoplastic Schwann cell line is dependent on constitutive activation of the NRG-1/erbB signaling pathway and that overexpression of NRG-1 in myelinating Schwann cells induces the formation of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. These observations suggested that NRG-1 might similarly promote mitogenesis in a variety of neural neoplasms including peripheral neuroepitheliomas, aggressive neural crest-derived neoplasms that arise in nerves and soft tissues. To test this hypothesis, we examined the expression of NRG-1 and its erbB receptors in SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cells. SK-N-MC cells expressed multiple NRG-1 proteins and mRNAs encoding several alpha and beta isoforms from the sensory and motor neuron-derived factor NRG-1 subfamily as well as the NRG-1 receptor subunits erbB2, erbB3, and erbB4. The erbB receptors expressed by SK-N-MC cells were constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated and inhibiting these kinases with the erbB specific inhibitor PD158780 reduced SK-N-MC DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that constitutive activation of the NRG-1/erbB signaling pathway promotes the proliferation of SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cells in vitro and hypothesize that NRG-1/erbB autocrine, paracrine or juxtacrine signaling may contribute to the development and/or progression of neuroepitheliomas in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Division
- DNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Glioma/genetics
- Glioma/metabolism
- Glioma/pathology
- Growth Substances/metabolism
- Humans
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Neuregulin-1
- Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral/genetics
- Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral/metabolism
- Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-4
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Lysophospholipid
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tyrosine/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B Fallon
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0017, USA
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15
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Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque-like lesions are prevalent in synthetic arteriovenous shunts created to provide vascular access for hemodialysis. Similarities to atherosclerotic plaques in native arteries include eccentric location, immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin, dystrophic calcifications, superimposed thrombi, and foam cells. Fatty streaks were not grossly identified on Sudan IV staining. Because of the similarities to atherosclerosis in native vessels, these findings may have several implications for atherogenesis. The development of raised, fibrous lesions does not require decades. The presence of smooth muscle in atherosclerotic plaque-like lesions does not require a source from tunica media. A precursor fatty streak may not be required for the development of raised, fibrous lesions. Finally, development of atherosclerotic plaque-like lesions does not require putative inflammatory effects from cholesterol or LDL accumulation, or even a native vessel that can respond to injury. The atherosclerotic plaque-like lesions in this study probably developed from organization of mural thrombi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Sloop
- Kenner Regional Medical Center, 180 West Esplanade Avenue, Kenner, LA 70065, USA.
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16
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Abstract
Fifty-seven sections of human vessels, collected in the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth study from individuals aged 25-34, were stained with two monoclonal antibodies to oxidatively-modified lysine. Intensity and extent of immunoreactivity were graded by three pathologists. Aorta from a Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit was stained as a positive control. Intimal immunoreactivity in the rabbit was predominantly localized to lesions. Although immunoreactivity in humans was somewhat more intense in atherosclerotic plaques, substantial staining was present in intima with diffuse intimal thickening and coronary veins. Localization of oxidatively-modified lysine in humans did not correlate with localization or severity of atherosclerosis. Localization of immunoreactivity for oxidatively-modified lysine to intimal lesions in the WHHL rabbit may be due to absence of diffuse intimal thickening, which prevents retention of epitopes throughout the intima.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Sloop
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112-1393, USA.
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17
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Abstract
Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of death in the US. Studies have demonstrated that smoking is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and that a positive relationship occurs between smoking and aortic and coronary atherosclerosis in adults. In 1985, a multicenter cooperative study, Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY), was organized to study atherosclerosis in trauma victims 15-34 years of age. Reports from this study have demonstrated that smoking is strongly associated with the prevalence and extent of grossly visible raised lesions in the abdominal aorta but only weakly associated with similar lesions in the right coronary artery. Coronary arteries from 50 smokers and 50 non-smokers were classified microscopically using a system developed by the American Heart Association in order to determine the stage at which smoking affects atherosclerosis. Smokers had over twice as many advanced lesions, types IV and V, as non-smokers (32 vs 14%) and fewer early lesions, types I, II, III, as non-smokers (38 vs 62%). The prevalence of advanced or types IV and V lesions (32%) was over twice that of intermediate or type III lesions (14%) in smokers. The opposite relationship was observed in non-smokers (14 vs 26%). This observation suggest that intermediate lesions progress rapidly into advanced lesions in smokers and that intima formerly having early lesions is replaced by intima with raised lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Zieske
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112, USA
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Abstract
Pancreatic duct fragments were isolated from rat and hamster pancreas and were cultured in an agarose matrix for up to 8 weeks (rat) or 20 weeks (hamster). The fragments consisted predominantly of duct epithelium, lesser numbers of stromal and atrophied acinar cells, and small numbers of islet cells. Hamster ducts averaged 3 micrograms protein per duct while rat ducts averaged 1 microgram, and the protein:DNA ratio of both types of ducts was less than that of whole pancreas. Estimated average duct yields of 6% (hamster) and 1% (rat) were based on the protein content of the ducts. Duct viability was shown by the incorporation of 3H-thymidine and 3H-leucine into bulk DNA and protein and by autoradiography. gamma-Glutamyl transferase and (Na + K)-ATPase specific activities were slightly elevated while amylase was depressed in the ducts when compared with whole pancreas in both species. gamma-Glutamyl transferase was localized histochemically in both duct epithelium and in surviving acinar tissue, as seen in vivo. Amylase was shown by immunohistochemistry to be present within duct lumina and in atrophied acini and their lumina. Alkaline phosphatase and Mg-ATPase specific activities were elevated in the hamster, but reduced in the rat, when compared with whole pancreas. Hamster alkaline phosphatase and Mg-ATPase were localized by histochemistry to the duct stroma, where these enzymes are not detected in vivo. Carbonic anhydrase was found in the duct epithelium of both species, as in vivo, as well as in the duct stroma, unlike in vivo. Acid glycosaminoglycans, as revealed by alcian blue staining, were found at the apical surfaces and in the lumina of both kinds of ducts. Glutathione-S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were elevated in rat ducts, but not in hamster ducts. The polypeptide compositions of cultured ducts, freshly isolated pancreatic islets, and whole pancreas were compared by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. No duct-specific polypeptides were observed; the ducts were characterized mainly by the reduction or absence of polypeptides, including some zymogens, seen in whole pancreas.
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