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López-Gil JC, García-Silva S, Ruiz-Cañas L, Navarro D, Palencia-Campos A, Giráldez-Trujillo A, Earl J, Dorado J, Gómez-López G, Monfort-Vengut A, Alcalá S, Gaida MM, García-Mulero S, Cabezas-Sáinz P, Batres-Ramos S, Barreto E, Sánchez-Tomero P, Vallespinós M, Ambler L, Lin ML, Aicher A, García García de Paredes A, de la Pinta C, Sanjuanbenito A, Ruz-Caracuel I, Rodríguez-Garrote M, Guerra C, Carrato A, de Cárcer G, Sánchez L, Nombela-Arrieta C, Espinet E, Sanchez-Arevalo Lobo VJ, Heeschen C, Sainz B. The Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 confers immune evasive properties on pancreatic cancer stem cells. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-330995. [PMID: 38754953 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has limited therapeutic options, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Highly chemoresistant 'stem-like' cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are implicated in PDAC aggressiveness. Thus, comprehending how this subset of cells evades the immune system is crucial for advancing novel therapies. DESIGN We used the KPC mouse model (LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+; Pdx-1-Cre) and primary tumour cell lines to investigate putative CSC populations. Transcriptomic analyses were conducted to pinpoint new genes involved in immune evasion. Overexpressing and knockout cell lines were established with lentiviral vectors. Subsequent in vitro coculture assays, in vivo mouse and zebrafish tumorigenesis studies, and in silico database approaches were performed. RESULTS Using the KPC mouse model, we functionally confirmed a population of cells marked by EpCAM, Sca-1 and CD133 as authentic CSCs and investigated their transcriptional profile. Immune evasion signatures/genes, notably the gene peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), were significantly overexpressed in these CSCs. Modulating PGLYRP1 impacted CSC immune evasion, affecting their resistance to macrophage-mediated and T-cell-mediated killing and their tumourigenesis in immunocompetent mice. Mechanistically, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-regulated PGLYRP1 expression interferes with the immune tumour microenvironment (TME) landscape, promoting myeloid cell-derived immunosuppression and activated T-cell death. Importantly, these findings were not only replicated in human models, but clinically, secreted PGLYRP1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with PDAC. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes PGLYRP1 as a novel CSC-associated marker crucial for immune evasion, particularly against macrophage phagocytosis and T-cell killing, presenting it as a promising target for PDAC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos López-Gil
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana García-Silva
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Biobanco Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Navarro
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Palencia-Campos
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Giráldez-Trujillo
- Grupo de Oncología Cutánea, Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospiral Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie Earl
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Dorado
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Gómez-López
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Monfort-Vengut
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias M Gaida
- Institute of Pathology, JGU-Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- TRON, JGU-Mainz, Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, JGU-Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandra García-Mulero
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Universidad de Barcelona Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabezas-Sáinz
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sandra Batres-Ramos
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Barreto
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Tomero
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Vallespinós
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leah Ambler
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Meng-Lay Lin
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Aicher
- Precision Immunotherapy, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ana García García de Paredes
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Sanjuanbenito
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Pancreatic and Biliopancreatic Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Ramon y Cajal University Hospital Anatomy Pathology Service, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Pathology of Cancer Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Rodríguez-Garrote
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guerra
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo de Cárcer
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Espinet
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Universidad de Barcelona Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Javier Sanchez-Arevalo Lobo
- Grupo de Oncología Cutánea, Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospiral Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biosanitarias, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Pancreatic Cancer Heterogeneity, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Cancer Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBM) Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer Group (BIOPAC), Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Área Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Melones-Herrero J, Alcalá S, Ruiz-Cañas L, Benítez-Buelga C, Batres-Ramos S, Calés C, Lorenzo O, Perona R, Quiroga AG, Sainz B, Sánchez-Pérez I. Platinum iodido drugs show potential anti-tumor activity, affecting cancer cell metabolism and inducing ROS and senescence in gastrointestinal cancer cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:353. [PMID: 38519773 PMCID: PMC10959927 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has associated clinical disadvantages, such as high toxicity and resistance. Thus, the development of new antitumor metallodrugs able to overcome different clinical barriers is a public healthcare priority. Here, we studied the mechanism of action of the isomers trans and cis-[PtI2(isopropylamine)2] (I5 and I6, respectively) against gastrointestinal cancer cells. We demonstrate that I5 and I6 modulate mitochondrial metabolism, decreasing OXPHOS activity and negatively affecting ATP-linked oxygen consumption rate. Consequently, I5 and I6 generated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), provoking oxidative damage and eventually the induction of senescence. Thus, herein we propose a loop with three interconnected processes modulated by these iodido agents: (i) mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disruptions; (ii) ROS generation and oxidative damage; and (iii) cellular senescence. Functionally, I5 reduces cancer cell clonogenicity and tumor growth in a pancreatic xenograft model without systemic toxicity, highlighting a potential anticancer complex that warrants additional pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Melones-Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Benítez-Buelga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Batres-Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmela Calés
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jimenez Díaz, CIBERDEM, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Perona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Rare Diseases, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adoración G Quiroga
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Sciences, IAdChem, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Sols-Morreale" IIBM-CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BioPAC) Group. Area 3 Cancer -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Rare Diseases, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
- Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Alcalá S, Villarino L, Ruiz-Cañas L, Couceiro JR, Martínez-Calvo M, Palencia-Campos A, Navarro D, Cabezas-Sainz P, Rodriguez-Arabaolaza I, Cordero-Barreal A, Trilla-Fuertes L, Rubiolo JA, Batres-Ramos S, Vallespinos M, González-Páramos C, Rodríguez J, Gámez-Pozo A, Vara JÁF, Fernández SF, Berlinches AB, Moreno-Mata N, Redondo AMT, Carrato A, Hermann PC, Sánchez L, Torrente S, Fernández-Moreno MÁ, Mascareñas JL, Sainz B. Targeting cancer stem cell OXPHOS with tailored ruthenium complexes as a new anti-cancer strategy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:33. [PMID: 38281027 PMCID: PMC10821268 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies by our group have shown that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the main pathway by which pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) meet their energetic requirements; therefore, OXPHOS represents an Achille's heel of these highly tumorigenic cells. Unfortunately, therapies that target OXPHOS in CSCs are lacking. METHODS The safety and anti-CSC activity of a ruthenium complex featuring bipyridine and terpyridine ligands and one coordination labile position (Ru1) were evaluated across primary pancreatic cancer cultures and in vivo, using 8 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). RNAseq analysis followed by mitochondria-specific molecular assays were used to determine the mechanism of action. RESULTS We show that Ru1 is capable of inhibiting CSC OXPHOS function in vitro, and more importantly, it presents excellent anti-cancer activity, with low toxicity, across a large panel of human pancreatic PDXs, as well as in colorectal cancer and osteosarcoma PDXs. Mechanistic studies suggest that this activity stems from Ru1 binding to the D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA of CSCs, inhibiting OXPHOS complex-associated transcription, leading to reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and ATP production, all of which are necessary for CSCs, which heavily depend on mitochondrial respiration. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the coordination complex Ru1 represents not only an exciting new anti-cancer agent, but also a molecular tool to dissect the role of OXPHOS in CSCs. Results indicating that the compound is safe, non-toxic and highly effective in vivo are extremely exciting, and have allowed us to uncover unprecedented mechanistic possibilities to fight different cancer types based on targeting CSC OXPHOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Villarino
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - José R Couceiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adrián Palencia-Campos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabezas-Sainz
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, USC, Lugo, Spain
| | - Iker Rodriguez-Arabaolaza
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencia y Técnología, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940, Leioa (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Alfonso Cordero-Barreal
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Trilla-Fuertes
- Molecular Oncology and Pathology Lab, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedica Molecular Medicine SL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Rubiolo
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, USC, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sandra Batres-Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Vallespinos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina González-Páramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jéssica Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angelo Gámez-Pozo
- Molecular Oncology and Pathology Lab, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedica Molecular Medicine SL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Fresno Vara
- Molecular Oncology and Pathology Lab, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Fra Fernández
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Benito Berlinches
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás Moreno-Mata
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfredo Carrato
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Pancreatic Cancer Europe (PCE) Chairperson, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, USC, Lugo, Spain
| | - Susana Torrente
- Valuation, Transfer and Entrepreneurship Area, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Fernández-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Rare Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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Carrión-Marchante R, Pinto-Díez C, Klett-Mingo JI, Palacios E, Barragán-Usero M, Pérez-Morgado MI, Pascual-Mellado M, Alcalá S, Ruiz-Cañas L, Sainz B, González VM, Martín ME. An Aptamer against MNK1 for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041273. [PMID: 37111758 PMCID: PMC10146192 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its late diagnosis and consequently poor survival make necessary the search for new therapeutic targets. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) is overexpressed in lung cancer and correlates with poor overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The previously identified and optimized aptamer from our laboratory against MNK1, apMNKQ2, showed promising results as an antitumor drug in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the present study shows the antitumor potential of apMNKQ2 in another type of cancer where MNK1 plays a significant role, such as NSCLC. The effect of apMNKQ2 in lung cancer was studied with viability, toxicity, clonogenic, migration, invasion, and in vivo efficacy assays. Our results show that apMNKQ2 arrests the cell cycle and reduces viability, colony formation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in NSCLC cells. In addition, apMNKQ2 reduces tumor growth in an A549-cell line NSCLC xenograft model. In summary, targeting MNK1 with a specific aptamer may provide an innovative strategy for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Carrión-Marchante
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Ignacio Klett-Mingo
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Palacios
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Barragán-Usero
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Isabel Pérez-Morgado
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Pascual-Mellado
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones-Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones-Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones-Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer-CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor M González
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Elena Martín
- Aptamer Group, Deparment Biochemistry-Research, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Alonso-Nocelo M, Ruiz-Cañas L, Sancho P, Görgülü K, Alcalá S, Pedrero C, Vallespinos M, López-Gil JC, Ochando M, García-García E, David Trabulo SM, Martinelli P, Sánchez-Tomero P, Sánchez-Palomo C, Gonzalez-Santamaría P, Yuste L, Wörmann SM, Kabacaoğlu D, Earl J, Martin A, Salvador F, Valle S, Martin-Hijano L, Carrato A, Erkan M, García-Bermejo L, Hermann PC, Algül H, Moreno-Bueno G, Heeschen C, Portillo F, Cano A, Sainz B. Macrophages direct cancer cells through a LOXL2-mediated metastatic cascade in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Gut 2023; 72:345-359. [PMID: 35428659 PMCID: PMC9872246 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2) contributes to tumour progression and metastasis in different tumour entities, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been evaluated in immunocompetent in vivo PDAC models. DESIGN Towards this end, we used PDAC patient data sets, patient-derived xenograft in vivo and in vitro models, and four conditional genetically-engineered mouse models (GEMMS) to dissect the role of LOXL2 in PDAC. For GEMM-based studies, K-Ras +/LSL-G12D;Trp53 LSL-R172H;Pdx1-Cre mice (KPC) and the K-Ras +/LSL-G12D;Pdx1-Cre mice (KC) were crossed with Loxl2 allele floxed mice (Loxl2Exon2 fl/fl) or conditional Loxl2 overexpressing mice (R26Loxl2 KI/KI) to generate KPCL2KO or KCL2KO and KPCL2KI or KCL2KI mice, which were used to study overall survival; tumour incidence, burden and differentiation; metastases; epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT); stemness and extracellular collagen matrix (ECM) organisation. RESULTS Using these PDAC mouse models, we show that while Loxl2 ablation had little effect on primary tumour development and growth, its loss significantly decreased metastasis and increased overall survival. We attribute this effect to non-cell autonomous factors, primarily ECM remodelling. Loxl2 overexpression, on the other hand, promoted primary and metastatic tumour growth and decreased overall survival, which could be linked to increased EMT and stemness. We also identified tumour-associated macrophage-secreted oncostatin M (OSM) as an inducer of LOXL2 expression, and show that targeting macrophages in vivo affects Osm and Loxl2 expression and collagen fibre alignment. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings establish novel pathophysiological roles and functions for LOXL2 in PDAC, which could be potentially exploited to treat metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alonso-Nocelo
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Sancho
- Translational Research Unit, Hospital Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Kıvanç Görgülü
- Comprehensive Cancer Center München, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Pedrero
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Vallespinos
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos López-Gil
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Ochando
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-García
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Sara Maria David Trabulo
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Martinelli
- Institute for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medizinische Universitat Wien, Wien, Austria
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Tomero
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Sánchez-Palomo
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histologia y Neurociencia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gonzalez-Santamaría
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Yuste
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonja Maria Wörmann
- Ahmed Cancer Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Derya Kabacaoğlu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center München, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Julie Earl
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain, Madrid, Spain
- Gastrointestinal Tumours Research Programme, Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Martin
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Salvador
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Valle
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Martin-Hijano
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain, Madrid, Spain
- Gastrointestinal Tumours Research Programme, Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Alcala University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mert Erkan
- University Research Center for Translational Medicine - KUTTAM, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Laura García-Bermejo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group, Area 4, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Hana Algül
- Comprehensive Cancer Center München, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Fundación MD Anderson Internacional, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Cano
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Departament of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Departament of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Gastrointestinal Tumours Research Programme, Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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6
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Alors-Perez E, Blázquez-Encinas R, Alcalá S, Viyuela-García C, Pedraza-Arevalo S, Herrero-Aguayo V, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Mafficini A, Sánchez-Frías ME, Cano MT, Abollo-Jiménez F, Marín-Sanz JA, Cabezas-Sainz P, Lawlor RT, Luchini C, Sánchez L, Sánchez-Hidalgo JM, Ventura S, Martin-Hijano L, Gahete MD, Scarpa A, Arjona-Sánchez Á, Ibáñez-Costa A, Sainz B, Luque RM, Castaño JP. Dysregulated splicing factor SF3B1 unveils a dual therapeutic vulnerability to target pancreatic cancer cells and cancer stem cells with an anti-splicing drug. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:382. [PMID: 34857016 PMCID: PMC8638119 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer, requiring novel treatments to target both cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Altered splicing is emerging as both a novel cancer hallmark and an attractive therapeutic target. The core splicing factor SF3B1 is heavily altered in cancer and can be inhibited by Pladienolide-B, but its actionability in PDAC is unknown. We explored the presence and role of SF3B1 in PDAC and interrogated its potential as an actionable target. Methods SF3B1 was analyzed in PDAC tissues, an RNA-seq dataset, and publicly available databases, examining associations with splicing alterations and key features/genes. Functional assays in PDAC cell lines and PDX-derived CSCs served to test Pladienolide-B treatment effects in vitro, and in vivo in zebrafish and mice. Results SF3B1 was overexpressed in human PDAC and associated with tumor grade and lymph-node involvement. SF3B1 levels closely associated with distinct splicing event profiles and expression of key PDAC players (KRAS, TP53). In PDAC cells, Pladienolide-B increased apoptosis and decreased multiple tumor-related features, including cell proliferation, migration, and colony/sphere formation, altering AKT and JNK signaling, and favoring proapoptotic splicing variants (BCL-XS/BCL-XL, KRASa/KRAS, Δ133TP53/TP53). Importantly, Pladienolide-B similarly impaired CSCs, reducing their stemness capacity and increasing their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Pladienolide-B also reduced PDAC/CSCs xenograft tumor growth in vivo in zebrafish and in mice. Conclusion SF3B1 overexpression represents a therapeutic vulnerability in PDAC, as altered splicing can be targeted with Pladienolide-B both in cancer cells and CSCs, paving the way for novel therapies for this lethal cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02153-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Alors-Perez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ricardo Blázquez-Encinas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Viyuela-García
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arevalo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marina E Sánchez-Frías
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Pathology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María T Cano
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Medical Oncology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fernando Abollo-Jiménez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan A Marín-Sanz
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabezas-Sainz
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rita T Lawlor
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Juan M Sánchez-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián Ventura
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura Martin-Hijano
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Álvaro Arjona-Sánchez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ibáñez-Costa
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain. .,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain. .,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain. .,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain. .,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain. .,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain. .,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Edificio IMIBIC, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
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7
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Courtois S, de Luxán-Delgado B, Penin-Peyta L, Royo-García A, Parejo-Alonso B, Jagust P, Alcalá S, Rubiolo JA, Sánchez L, Sainz B, Heeschen C, Sancho P. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Dynamics Preferentially Targets Pancreatic Cancer Cells with Enhanced Tumorigenic and Invasive Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:698. [PMID: 33572276 PMCID: PMC7914708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest tumors, partly due to its intrinsic aggressiveness, metastatic potential, and chemoresistance of the contained cancer stem cells (CSCs). Pancreatic CSCs strongly rely on mitochondrial metabolism to maintain their stemness, therefore representing a putative target for their elimination. Since mitochondrial homeostasis depends on the tightly controlled balance between fusion and fission processes, namely mitochondrial dynamics, we aim to study this mechanism in the context of stemness. In human PDAC tissues, the mitochondrial fission gene DNM1L (DRP1) was overexpressed and positively correlated with the stemness signature. Moreover, we observe that primary human CSCs display smaller mitochondria and a higher DRP1/MFN2 expression ratio, indicating the activation of the mitochondrial fission. Interestingly, treatment with the DRP1 inhibitor mDivi-1 induced dose-dependent apoptosis, especially in CD133+ CSCs, due to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and the subsequent energy crisis in this subpopulation. Mechanistically, mDivi-1 inhibited stemness-related features, such as self-renewal, tumorigenicity, and invasiveness and chemosensitized the cells to the cytotoxic effects of Gemcitabine. In summary, mitochondrial fission is an essential process for pancreatic CSCs and represents an attractive target for designing novel multimodal treatments that will more efficiently eliminate cells with high tumorigenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Courtois
- Translational Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.C.); (A.R.-G.); (B.P.-A.)
| | - Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (B.d.L.-D.); (L.P.-P.); (P.J.)
| | - Laure Penin-Peyta
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (B.d.L.-D.); (L.P.-P.); (P.J.)
| | - Alba Royo-García
- Translational Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.C.); (A.R.-G.); (B.P.-A.)
| | - Beatriz Parejo-Alonso
- Translational Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.C.); (A.R.-G.); (B.P.-A.)
| | - Petra Jagust
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (B.d.L.-D.); (L.P.-P.); (P.J.)
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) “Alberto Sols” CSIC-UAM, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (B.S.J.)
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. Rubiolo
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (J.A.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (J.A.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) “Alberto Sols” CSIC-UAM, Autónoma University of Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (B.S.J.)
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Patricia Sancho
- Translational Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.C.); (A.R.-G.); (B.P.-A.)
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Alcalá S, Mayoral-Varo V, Ruiz-Cañas L, López-Gil JC, Heeschen C, Martín-Pérez J, Sainz B. Correction: Alcalá, S., et al. Targeting SRC Kinase Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 7437. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239215. [PMID: 33287468 PMCID: PMC7730323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (V.M.-V.); (L.R.-C.); (J.C.L.-G.); (J.M.-P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Mayoral-Varo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (V.M.-V.); (L.R.-C.); (J.C.L.-G.); (J.M.-P.)
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (V.M.-V.); (L.R.-C.); (J.C.L.-G.); (J.M.-P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos López-Gil
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (V.M.-V.); (L.R.-C.); (J.C.L.-G.); (J.M.-P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jorge Martín-Pérez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (V.M.-V.); (L.R.-C.); (J.C.L.-G.); (J.M.-P.)
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (V.M.-V.); (L.R.-C.); (J.C.L.-G.); (J.M.-P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Jagust P, Alcalá S, Jr BS, Heeschen C, Sancho P. Glutathione metabolism is essential for self-renewal and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1410-1428. [PMID: 33312407 PMCID: PMC7705467 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular metabolism regulates stemness in health and disease. A reduced redox state is essential for self-renewal of normal and cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, while stem cells rely on glycolysis, different CSCs, including pancreatic CSCs, favor mitochondrial metabolism as their dominant energy-producing pathway. This suggests that powerful antioxidant networks must be in place to detoxify mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintain stemness in oxidative CSCs. Since glutathione metabolism is critical for normal stem cell function and CSCs from breast, liver and gastric cancer show increased glutathione content, we hypothesized that pancreatic CSCs also rely on this pathway for ROS detoxification.
AIM To investigate the role of glutathione metabolism in pancreatic CSCs.
METHODS Primary pancreatic cancer cells of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were cultured in adherent or CSC-enriching sphere conditions to determine the role of glutathione metabolism in stemness. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to validate RNAseq results involving glutathione metabolism genes in adherent vs spheres, as well as the expression of pluripotency-related genes following treatment. Public TCGA and GTEx RNAseq data from pancreatic cancer vs normal tissue samples were analyzed using the webserver GEPIA2. The glutathione-sensitive fluorescent probe monochlorobimane was used to determine glutathione content by fluorimetry or flow cytometry. Pharmacological inhibitors of glutathione synthesis and recycling [buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) and 6-Aminonicotinamide (6-AN), respectively] were used to investigate the impact of glutathione depletion on CSC-enriched cultures. Staining with propidium iodide (cell cycle), Annexin-V (apoptosis) and CD133 (CSC content) were determined by flow cytometry. Self-renewal was assessed by sphere formation assay and response to gemcitabine treatment was used as a readout for chemoresistance.
RESULTS Analysis of our previously published RNAseq dataset E-MTAB-3808 revealed up-regulation of genes involved in the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) Pathway Glutathione Metabolism in CSC-enriched cultures compared to their differentiated counterparts. Consistently, in pancreatic cancer patient samples the expression of most of these up-regulated genes positively correlated with a stemness signature defined by NANOG, KLF4, SOX2 and OCT4 expression (P < 10-5). Moreover, 3 of the upregulated genes (MGST1, GPX8, GCCT) were associated with reduced disease-free survival in patients [Hazard ratio (HR) 2.2-2.5; P = 0.03-0.0054], suggesting a critical role for this pathway in pancreatic cancer progression. CSC-enriched sphere cultures also showed increased expression of different glutathione metabolism-related genes, as well as enhanced glutathione content in its reduced form (GSH). Glutathione depletion with BSO induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in spheres, and diminished the expression of stemness genes. Moreover, treatment with either BSO or the glutathione recycling inhibitor 6-AN inhibited self-renewal and the expression of the CSC marker CD133. GSH content in spheres positively correlated with intrinsic resistance to gemcitabine treatment in different PDXs r = 0.96, P = 5.8 × 1011). Additionally, CD133+ cells accumulated GSH in response to gemcitabine, which was abrogated by BSO treatment (P < 0.05). Combined treatment with BSO and gemcitabine-induced apoptosis in CD133+ cells to levels comparable to CD133- cells and significantly diminished self-renewal (P < 0.05), suggesting that chemoresistance of CSCs is partially dependent on GSH metabolism.
CONCLUSION Our data suggest that pancreatic CSCs depend on glutathione metabolism. Pharmacological targeting of this pathway showed that high GSH content is essential to maintain CSC functionality in terms of self-renewal and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Jagust
- Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz Jr
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Center for Single-Cell Omics & Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Patricia Sancho
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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Valle S, Alcalá S, Martin-Hijano L, Cabezas-Sáinz P, Navarro D, Muñoz ER, Yuste L, Tiwary K, Walter K, Ruiz-Cañas L, Alonso-Nocelo M, Rubiolo JA, González-Arnay E, Heeschen C, Garcia-Bermejo L, Hermann PC, Sánchez L, Sancho P, Fernández-Moreno MÁ, Sainz B. Exploiting oxidative phosphorylation to promote the stem and immunoevasive properties of pancreatic cancer stem cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5265. [PMID: 33067432 PMCID: PMC7567808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18954-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the fourth leading cause of cancer death, has a 5-year survival rate of approximately 7-9%. The ineffectiveness of anti-PDAC therapies is believed to be due to the existence of a subpopulation of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are functionally plastic, and have exclusive tumorigenic, chemoresistant and metastatic capacities. Herein, we describe a 2D in vitro system for long-term enrichment of pancreatic CSCs that is amenable to biological and CSC-specific studies. By changing the carbon source from glucose to galactose in vitro, we force PDAC cells to utilize OXPHOS, resulting in enrichment of CSCs defined by increased CSC biomarker and pluripotency gene expression, greater tumorigenic potential, induced but reversible quiescence, increased OXPHOS activity, enhanced invasiveness, and upregulated immune evasion properties. This CSC enrichment method can facilitate the discovery of new CSC-specific hallmarks for future development into targets for PDAC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Valle
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Martin-Hijano
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabezas-Sáinz
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Diego Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lourdes Yuste
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kanishka Tiwary
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karolin Walter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Alonso-Nocelo
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Rubiolo
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Christopher Heeschen
- Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Fernández-Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Cancer Stem Cells and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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Pajuelo-Lozano N, Alcalá S, Sainz B, Perona R, Sanchez-Perez I. Targeting MAD2 modulates stemness and tumorigenesis in human Gastric Cancer cell lines. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9601-9618. [PMID: 32863948 PMCID: PMC7449921 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Gastric cancer (GC) is a solid tumor that contains subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are considered drivers of tumor initiation and metastasis; responsible for therapeutic resistance; and promoters of tumor relapse. The balance between symmetric and asymmetric division is crucial for stem cell maintenance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of MAD2, a key protein for proper mitotic checkpoint activity, in the tumorigenesis of GC. Methods: Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) were obtained from MKN45, SNU638 and ST2957 cell lines. Pluripotency and stemness markers were evaluated by RT-qPCR and autofluorescence and membrane markers by flow cytometry. Relevant signal transduction pathways were studied by WB. We analysed cell cycle progression, migration and invasion after modulation of MAD2 activity or protein expression levels in these in vitro models. In vivo assays were performed in a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model. Results: We found that NANOG, CXCR4 and autofluorescence are common and consistent markers for the GCSCs analysed, with other markers showing more variability. The three main signalling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin; Hedgehog and Notch) were activated in GCSCs. Downregulation of MAD2 in MKN45CSCs decreased the expression of markers CXCR4, CD133, CD90, LGR5 and VIM, without affecting cell cycle profile or therapy resistance. Moreover, migration, invasion and tumor growth were clearly reduced, and accordingly, we found that metalloprotease expression decreased. These results were accompanied by a reduction in the levels of transcription factors related with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Conclusions: We can conclude that MAD2 is important for GCSCs stemness and its downregulation in MKN45CSCs plays a central role in GC tumorigenesis, likely through CXCR4-SNAI2-MMP1. Thus, its potential use in the clinical setting should be studied as its functions appear to extend beyond mitosis.
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Cash TP, Alcalá S, Rico-Ferreira MDR, Hernández-Encinas E, García J, Albarrán MI, Valle S, Muñoz J, Martínez-González S, Blanco-Aparicio C, Pastor J, Serrano M, Sainz B. Induction of Lysosome Membrane Permeabilization as a Therapeutic Strategy to Target Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071790. [PMID: 32635473 PMCID: PMC7407272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant efforts to improve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) clinical outcomes, overall survival remains dismal. The poor response to current therapies is partly due to the existence of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs), which are efficient drivers of PDAC tumorigenesis, metastasis and relapse. To find new therapeutic agents that could efficiently kill PaCSCs, we screened a chemical library of 680 compounds for candidate small molecules with anti-CSC activity, and identified two compounds of a specific chemical series with potent activity in vitro and in vivo against patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cultures. The anti-CSC mechanism of action of this specific chemical series was found to rely on induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), which is likely associated with the increased lysosomal mass observed in PaCSCs. Using the well characterized LMP-inducer siramesine as a tool molecule, we show elimination of the PaCSC population in mice implanted with tumors from two PDX models. Collectively, our approach identified lysosomal disruption as a promising anti-CSC therapeutic strategy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Cash
- Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (T.P.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (S.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3—Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - María del Rosario Rico-Ferreira
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - Elena Hernández-Encinas
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - Jennifer García
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - María Isabel Albarrán
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - Sandra Valle
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (S.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3—Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics Unit–ProteoRed-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sonia Martínez-González
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - Joaquín Pastor
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.R.R.-F.); (E.H.-E.); (J.G.); (M.I.A.); (S.M.-G.); (C.B.-A.); (J.P.)
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (T.P.C.); (M.S.)
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (S.V.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3—Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Alcalá S, Sancho P, Martinelli P, Navarro D, Pedrero C, Martín-Hijano L, Valle S, Earl J, Rodríguez-Serrano M, Ruiz-Cañas L, Rojas K, Carrato A, García-Bermejo L, Fernández-Moreno MÁ, Hermann PC, Sainz B. ISG15 and ISGylation is required for pancreatic cancer stem cell mitophagy and metabolic plasticity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2682. [PMID: 32472071 PMCID: PMC7260233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs) drive pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis, chemoresistance and metastasis. While eliminating this subpopulation of cells would theoretically result in tumor eradication, PaCSCs are extremely plastic and can successfully adapt to targeted therapies. In this study, we demonstrate that PaCSCs increase expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and protein ISGylation, which are essential for maintaining their metabolic plasticity. CRISPR-mediated ISG15 genomic editing reduces overall ISGylation, impairing PaCSCs self-renewal and their in vivo tumorigenic capacity. At the molecular level, ISG15 loss results in decreased mitochondrial ISGylation concomitant with increased accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, reduced oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and impaired mitophagy. Importantly, disruption in mitochondrial metabolism affects PaCSC metabolic plasticity, making them susceptible to prolonged inhibition with metformin in vivo. Thus, ISGylation is critical for optimal and efficient OXPHOS by ensuring the recycling of dysfunctional mitochondria, and when absent, a dysregulation in mitophagy occurs that negatively impacts PaCSC stemness. The ubiquitin-like modifier ISG15 exerts post-translational protein regulation through ISGylation. Here, the authors show that ISGylation is necessary for pancreatic cancer stem cell self-renewal and tumourigenesis by supporting the recycling of non-functional mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain. .,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Patricia Sancho
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paola Martinelli
- Institute for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diego Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Pedrero
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Martín-Hijano
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Valle
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie Earl
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00446), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Katerin Rojas
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00446), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Fernández-Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain. .,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Vidal AM, Alcalá S, De Torres A, Moya M, Espínola JM, Espínola F. Fresh and Aromatic Virgin Olive Oil Obtained from Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana Cultivars. Molecules 2019; 24:E3587. [PMID: 31590381 PMCID: PMC6804064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Three factors for the extraction of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) were evaluated: diameter of the grid holes of the hammer-crusher, malaxation temperature, and malaxation time. A Box-Behnken design was used to obtain a total of 289 olive oil samples. Twelve responses were analyzed and 204 mathematical models were obtained. Olives from super-intensive rainfed or irrigated crops of the Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana cultivars at different stages of ripening were used. Malaxation temperature was found to be the factor with the most influence on the total content of lipoxygenase pathway volatile compounds; as the temperature increased, the content of volatile compounds decreased. On the contrary, pigments increased when the malaxation temperature was increased. EVOO from irrigated crops and from the Arbequina cultivar had the highest content of volatile compounds. Olive samples with a lower ripening degree, from the Koroneiki cultivar and from rainfed crops, had the highest content of pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso M Vidal
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Antonia De Torres
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Juan M Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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15
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D'Errico G, Alonso-Nocelo M, Vallespinos M, Hermann PC, Alcalá S, García CP, Martin-Hijano L, Valle S, Earl J, Cassiano C, Lombardia L, Feliu J, Monti MC, Seufferlein T, García-Bermejo L, Martinelli P, Carrato A, Sainz B. Tumor-associated macrophage-secreted 14-3-3ζ signals via AXL to promote pancreatic cancer chemoresistance. Oncogene 2019; 38:5469-5485. [PMID: 30936462 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an inherently chemoresistant tumor. Chemotherapy leads to apoptosis of cancer cells, and in previous studies we have shown that tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration increases following chemotherapy in PDAC. Since one of the main functions of macrophages is to eliminate apoptotic cells, we hypothesized that TAMs phagocytose chemotherapy-induced apoptotic cells and secrete factors, which favor PDAC chemoresistance. To test this hypothesis, primary human PDAC cultures were treated with conditioned media (CM) from monocyte-derived macrophage cultures incubated with apoptotic PDAC cells (MØApopCM). MØApopCM pretreatment rendered naïve PDAC cells resistant to Gemcitabine- or Abraxane-induced apoptosis. Proteomic analysis of MØApopCM identified YWHAZ/14-3-3 protein zeta/delta (14-3-3ζ), a major regulator of apoptotic cellular pathways, as a potential mediator of chemoresistance, which was subsequently validated in patient transcriptional datasets, serum samples from PDAC patients and using recombinant 14-3-3ζ and inhibitors thereof. Moreover, in mice bearing orthotopic PDAC tumors, the antitumor potential of Gemcitabine was significantly enhanced by elimination of TAMs using clodronate liposomes or by pharmacological inhibition of the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase, a 14-3-3ζ interacting partner. These data highlight a unique regulatory mechanism by which chemotherapy-induced apoptosis acts as a switch to initiate a protumor/antiapoptotic mechanism in PDAC via 14-3-3ζ/Axl signaling, leading to phosphorylation of Akt and activation of cellular prosurvival mechanisms. The data presented therefore challenge the idea that apoptosis of tumor cells is therapeutically beneficial, at least when immune sensor cells, such as macrophages, are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele D'Errico
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Alonso-Nocelo
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Vallespinos
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Pedrero García
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Martin-Hijano
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Valle
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie Earl
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00446 and CB16/12/00398), Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Cassiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Luis Lombardia
- Molecular Diagnostics Unit-Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Feliu
- Department of Medical Oncology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00446 and CB16/12/00398), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Paola Martinelli
- Institute for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00446 and CB16/12/00398), Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain. .,Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3-Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Vidal AM, Alcalá S, de Torres A, Moya M, Espínola F. Characterization of Olive Oils from Superintensive Crops with Different Ripening Degree, Irrigation Management, and Cultivar: (Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana). EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso M. Vidal
- Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials EngineeringCentre for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA)Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)University of JaénCampus Las Lagunillas, Edif. B‐323071JaénSpain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials EngineeringCentre for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA)Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)University of JaénCampus Las Lagunillas, Edif. B‐323071JaénSpain
| | - Antonia de Torres
- Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials EngineeringCentre for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA)Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)University of JaénCampus Las Lagunillas, Edif. B‐323071JaénSpain
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials EngineeringCentre for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA)Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)University of JaénCampus Las Lagunillas, Edif. B‐323071JaénSpain
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials EngineeringCentre for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA)Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3)University of JaénCampus Las Lagunillas, Edif. B‐323071JaénSpain
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17
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Vidal AM, Alcalá S, de Torres A, Moya M, Espínola F. Use of talc in oil mills: Influence on the quality and content of minor compounds in olive oils. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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19
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20
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López Gómez M, Casado E, Muñoz M, Alcalá S, Moreno-Rubio J, Salinas S, Zambrana F, Jiménez-Gordo A, Sainz B. Autofluorescence: A new marker for identifying cancer stem cells (CSCs) in primary tumors. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy304.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Vidal AM, Alcalá S, Ocaña MT, De Torres A, Espínola F, Moya M. Modeling of volatile and phenolic compounds and optimization of the process conditions for obtaining balanced extra virgin olive oils. Grasas y Aceites 2018. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.1220172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to obtain extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) which are balanced in volatile and phenolic compounds. An experimental design was performed and response surface methodology was applied. The factors for malaxation were: temperature 20-40 °C, time 30-90 min, and hole diameter of hammer-crusher 4.5-6.5 mm. The results show that high temperatures and small hole diameter must be used in order to obtain a higher content in phenolic compounds, while for volatile compounds a low temperature and large hole diameter must be used. The models predict that the best and more balanced EVOO are obtained with the hole diameter of greater size and a medium-low temperature. Thus, for a hammer-crusher hole diameter of 6.5 mm 337 and 356 mg/kg total HPLC phenols were obtained for malaxation temperature of 20 and 25 °C, respectively and, likewise, 12.7 and 11.5 mg/kg total LOX volatiles.
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22
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de Torres A, Espínola F, Moya M, Alcalá S, Vidal AM, Castro E. Assessment of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil by response surface methodology with particular focus on flavonoids and lignans. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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López-Gómez M, Casado E, Muñoz M, Alcalá S, Moreno-Rubio J, D'Errico G, Jiménez-Gordo AM, Salinas S, Sainz B. Current evidence for cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal tumors and future research perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 107:54-71. [PMID: 27823652 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a very heterogeneous subpopulation of "stem-like" cancer cells that have been identified in many cancers, including leukemias and solid tumors. It is believed that CSCs drive tumor growth, malignant behavior and are responsible for the initiation of metastatic spread. In addition, CSCs have been implicated in chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. Current evidence supports the theory that CSCs share at least two main features of normal stem cells: self-renewal and differentiation, properties that contribute to tumor survival even in the presence of aggressive chemotherapy; however, the mechanism(s) governing the unique biology of CSCs remain unclear. In the field of gastrointestinal cancer, where we face very low survival rates across different tumor types, unraveling the role of CSCs in gastrointestinal tumors should improve our knowledge of cancer biology and chemoresistance, ultimately benefiting patient survival. Towards this end, much effort is being invested in the characterization of CSCs as a means of overcoming drug resistance and controlling metastatic spread. In this review we will cover the concept of CSCs, the current evidence for CSCs in gastrointestinal tumors and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam López-Gómez
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Enrique Casado
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Muñoz
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Biology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Moreno-Rubio
- Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriele D'Errico
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María Jiménez-Gordo
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain; Precision Oncology Laboratory, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S. Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Salinas
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, S.S Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Biology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain; Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Alcalá S, Ocaña MT, Cárdenas JR, Miquel MÁ, Vilar J, Espínola F, Moya M. Alkyl esters content and other quality parameters in oil mill: A response surface methodology study. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3); University of Jaén; Jaén Spain
| | | | - José Rafael Cárdenas
- GEA Westfalia Separator Iberica; S.A., International Centre of Competence of Olive Oil; Jaén Spain
| | | | - Juan Vilar
- GEA Westfalia Separator Iberica; S.A., International Centre of Competence of Olive Oil; Jaén Spain
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3); University of Jaén; Jaén Spain
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3); University of Jaén; Jaén Spain
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25
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Lerma L, Alcalá S, Piñero C, Torres M, Martin B, Lim F, Sainz B, Tabarés E. Expression of the immediate early IE180 protein under the control of the hTERT and CEA tumor-specific promoters in recombinant pseudorabies viruses: Effects of IE180 protein on promoter activity and apoptosis induction. Virology 2015; 488:9-19. [PMID: 26590793 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the pseudorabies virus (PRV) genome encodes for a single immediate-early protein, IE180, we reasoned that this strong transactivating protein could represent a key regulatory switch that could be genetically manipulated in order to alter its tropism towards cancer cells. We therefore initiated studies to test whether the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tumor promoters could functionally replace the IE180 promoter. We show that both promoters can functionally substitute the IE180 promoter in plasmid constructs and recombinant viruses, and observed that IE180 differentially auto-regulated each promoter tested, with PRV IE180 negatively regulating the hTERT promoter but positively hyper-activating the CEA promoter. Interestingly, we also observed that the recombinant PRV-TER and PRV-CEA viruses preferentially replicated in diverse cancer cell lines compared to control non-cancer cells, and the PRV-CEA was capable of additionally inducing a profound apoptotic phenotype which we correlated to the overexpression of IE180.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lerma
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - S Alcalá
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - C Piñero
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - M Torres
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - B Martin
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - F Lim
- Centro de Biología Molecular, CSIC-UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - B Sainz
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - E Tabarés
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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26
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Alcalá S, Klee M, Fernández J, Fleischer A, Pimentel-Muiños FX. A high-throughput screening for mammalian cell death effectors identifies the mitochondrial phosphate carrier as a regulator of cytochrome c release. Oncogene 2007; 27:44-54. [PMID: 17621274 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional annotation of complex genomes requires the development of novel experimental platforms with increased capacity. Here, we describe a high-throughput system designed to identify cDNAs whose overexpression induces morphologically distinct cell death modalities. The methodology incorporates two robotized steps, and relies on coexpression of library clones with GFP to reveal the morphological features presented by the dying cells. By using this system we screened 135 000 cDNA clones and obtained 90 independent molecules. Interestingly, three death categories were identified, namely; apoptotic, vacuolated and autophagic. Among the pro-apoptotic clones, we found four members of the mitochondrial carrier family: the phosphate and adenine nucleotide (type 3) transporters, and the mitochondrial carrier homologs (MTCHs) 1 and 2. Expression of these molecules induced cytochrome c release and caspase-9-dependent death. One of them, the phosphate carrier, was able to interact with members of the permeability transition pore complex ANT1 and VDAC1, and its binding to ANT1 was stabilized in the presence of apoptotic activators. Depletion of this carrier by siRNA delayed cytochrome c mobilization and apoptosis. These results attribute a previously undescribed apoptotic function to the phosphate carrier and, more generally, suggest that a common property of various mitochondrial transporters was exploited during evolution to regulate apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alcalá
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
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