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Mehdizadeh M, Naud P, Abu-Taha IH, Hiram R, Xiong F, Xiao J, Saljic A, Kamler M, Vuong-Robillard N, Thorin E, Ferbeyre G, Tardif JC, Sirois MG, Tanguay JF, Dobrev D, Nattel S. The role of cellular senescence in profibrillatory atrial remodelling associated with cardiac pathology. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:506-518. [PMID: 38181429 PMCID: PMC11060482 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cellular senescence is a stress-related or aging response believed to contribute to many cardiac conditions; however, its role in atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. Age is the single most important determinant of the risk of AF. The present study was designed to (i) evaluate AF susceptibility and senescence marker expression in rat models of aging and myocardial infarction (MI), (ii) study the effect of reducing senescent-cell burden with senolytic therapy on the atrial substrate in MI rats, and (iii) assess senescence markers in human atrial tissue as a function of age and the presence of AF. METHODS AND RESULTS AF susceptibility was studied with programmed electrical stimulation. Gene and protein expression was evaluated by immunoblot or immunofluorescence (protein) and digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (messenger RNA). A previously validated senolytic combination, dasatinib and quercetin, (D+Q; or corresponding vehicle) was administered from the time of sham or MI surgery through 28 days later. Experiments were performed blinded to treatment assignment. Burst pacing-induced AF was seen in 100% of aged (18-month old) rats, 87.5% of young MI rats, and 10% of young control (3-month old) rats (P ≤ 0.001 vs. each). Conduction velocity was slower in aged [both left atrium (LA) and right atrium (RA)] and young MI (LA) rats vs. young control rats (P ≤ 0.001 vs. each). Atrial fibrosis was greater in aged (LA and RA) and young MI (LA) vs. young control rats (P < 0.05 for each). Senolytic therapy reduced AF inducibility in MI rats (from 8/9 rats, 89% in MI vehicle, to 0/9 rats, 0% in MI D + Q, P < 0.001) and attenuated LA fibrosis. Double staining suggested that D + Q acts by clearing senescent myofibroblasts and endothelial cells. In human atria, senescence markers were upregulated in older (≥70 years) and long-standing AF patients vs. individuals ≤60 and sinus rhythm controls, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results point to a potentially significant role of cellular senescence in AF pathophysiology. Modulating cell senescence might provide a basis for novel therapeutic approaches to AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Mehdizadeh
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Patrice Naud
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Issam H Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Feng Xiong
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jiening Xiao
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10, P.O. Box 2177, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Nhung Vuong-Robillard
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis St, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Eric Thorin
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis St, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Martin G Sirois
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-GaudryOffice S-436, 2900 boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jean Francois Tanguay
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45122, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-GaudryOffice S-436, 2900 boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- IHU Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, 166 cours de l’Argonne, Bordeaux 33000, France
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Gharagozloo K, Mehdizadeh M, Heckman G, Rose RA, Howlett J, Howlett SE, Nattel S. Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in the Elderly: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Considerations. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00302-7. [PMID: 38604339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) refers to a clinical condition in which the signs of HF, such as pulmonary congestion, peripheral edema and increased natriuretic-peptide levels, are present despite normal ejection-fractions and the absence of other causes (e.g. pericardial disease). The ejection-fraction cutoff for the definition of HFpEF has varied in the past, but recent society guidelines have settled on a consensus of 50%. HFpEF is particularly common in the elderly. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the available literature regarding HFpEF in the elderly in terms of evidence for the age-dependence, specific clinical features and underlying mechanisms. In the clinical arena, we review the epidemiology, discuss distinct clinical phenotypes typically seen in the elderly, the importance of frailty, the role of biomarkers and the role of medical therapies (including sodium-glucose cotransport protein 2 (SGLT2)-inhibitors, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers, angiotensin-receptor/neprilysin inhibitors, diuretics and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers). We then go on to discuss the basic mechanisms implicated in HFpEF, including cellular senescence, fibrosis, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced production of reactive-oxygen species, abnormal cellular calcium handling, changes in microRNA signaling, insulin resistance, and sex-hormone changes. Finally, we review knowledge gaps and promising areas of future investigation. Improved understanding of the specific clinical manifestations of HFpEF in the elderly and of the fundamental mechanisms contributing to the age-related risk of HFpEF promises to lead to novel diagnostic and treatment approaches that will improve outcomes for this common cardiac disorder in a vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Gharagozloo
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; McGill University Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mozhdeh Mehdizadeh
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; McGill University Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Montréal, Canada
| | - George Heckman
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging and University of Waterloo
| | - Robert A Rose
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary
| | - Jonathan Howlett
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary
| | - Susan E Howlett
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine (Geriatric Medicine), Dalhousie University
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; McGill University Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Montréal, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
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3
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Roberts JD, Chalazan B, Andrade JG, Macle L, Nattel S, Tadros R. Clinical Genetic Testing for Atrial Fibrillation: Are We There Yet? Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:540-553. [PMID: 38551553 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Important progress has been made toward unravelling the complex genetics underlying atrial fibrillation (AF). Initial studies were aimed to identify monogenic causes; however, it has become increasingly clear that the most common predisposing genetic substrate for AF is polygenic. Despite intensive investigations, there is robust evidence for rare variants for only a limited number of genes and cases. Although the current yield for genetic testing in early onset AF might be modest, there is an increasing appreciation that genetic culprits for potentially life-threatening ventricular cardiomyopathies and channelopathies might initially present with AF. The potential clinical significance of this recognition is highlighted by evidence that suggests that identification of a pathogenic or likely pathogenic rare variant in a patient with early onset AF is associated with an increased risk of death. These findings suggest that it might be warranted to screen patients with early onset AF for these potentially more sinister cardiac conditions. Beyond facilitating the early identification of genetic culprits associated with potentially malignant phenotypes, insight into underlying AF genetic substrates might improve the selection of patients for existing therapies and guide the development of novel ones. Herein, we review the evidence that links genetic factors to AF, then discuss an approach to using genetic testing for early onset AF patients in the present context, and finally consider the potential value of genetic testing in the foreseeable future. Although further work might be necessary before recommending uniform integration of genetic testing in cases of early onset AF, ongoing research increasingly highlights its potential contributions to clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Roberts
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Brandon Chalazan
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason G Andrade
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation and Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laurent Macle
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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4
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Hiram R, Xiong F, Naud P, Xiao J, Sosnowski DK, Le Quilliec E, Saljic A, Abu-Taha IH, Kamler M, LeBlanc CA, Al-U’Datt DGF, Sirois MG, Hebert TE, Tanguay JF, Tardif JC, Dobrev D, Nattel S. An inflammation resolution-promoting intervention prevents atrial fibrillation caused by left ventricular dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:345-359. [PMID: 38091977 PMCID: PMC10981525 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent studies suggest that bioactive mediators called resolvins promote an active resolution of inflammation. Inflammatory signalling is involved in the development of the substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of resolvin-D1 on atrial arrhythmogenic remodelling resulting from left ventricular (LV) dysfunction induced by myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS MI was produced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Intervention groups received daily intraperitoneal resolvin-D1, beginning before MI surgery (early-RvD1) or Day 7 post-MI (late-RvD1) and continued until Day 21 post-MI. AF vulnerability was evaluated by performing an electrophysiological study. Atrial conduction was analysed by using optical mapping. Fibrosis was quantified by Masson's trichrome staining and gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and RNA sequencing. Investigators were blinded to group identity. Early-RvD1 significantly reduced MI size (17 ± 6%, vs. 39 ± 6% in vehicle-MI) and preserved LV ejection fraction; these were unaffected by late-RvD1. Transoesophageal pacing induced atrial tachyarrhythmia in 2/18 (11%) sham-operated rats, vs. 18/18 (100%) MI-only rats, in 5/18 (28%, P < 0.001 vs. MI) early-RvD1 MI rats, and in 7/12 (58%, P < 0.01) late-RvD1 MI rats. Atrial conduction velocity significantly decreased post-MI, an effect suppressed by RvD1 treatment. Both early-RvD1 and late-RvD1 limited MI-induced atrial fibrosis and prevented MI-induced increases in the atrial expression of inflammation-related and fibrosis-related biomarkers and pathways. CONCLUSIONS RvD1 suppressed MI-related atrial arrhythmogenic remodelling. Early-RvD1 had MI sparing and atrial remodelling suppressant effects, whereas late-RvD1 attenuated atrial remodelling and AF promotion without ventricular protection, revealing atrial-protective actions unrelated to ventricular function changes. These results point to inflammation resolution-promoting compounds as novel cardio-protective interventions with a particular interest in attenuating AF substrate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roddy Hiram
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Patrice Naud
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Jiening Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Deanna K Sosnowski
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Ewen Le Quilliec
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr 55, Essen, Germany D-45122
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10 P.O. Box 2177, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Issam H Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr 55, Essen, Germany D-45122
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelanstr 55, Essen, Germany 45122
| | - Charles-Alexandre LeBlanc
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Doa’a G F Al-U’Datt
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030 Irbid, Jordan 22110
| | - Martin G Sirois
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Terence E Hebert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Jean-François Tanguay
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y6
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr 55, Essen, Germany D-45122
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030 Irbid, Jordan 22110
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH1T 1C8
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y6
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr 55, Essen, Germany D-45122
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Norregade 10 P.O. Box 2177, Copenhagen, Denmark
- IHU Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, 166 cours de l'Argonne, Bordeaux, France 33000
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5
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Ninni S, Dombrowicz D, de Winther M, Staels B, Montaigne D, Nattel S. Genetic Factors Altering Immune Responses in Atrial Fibrillation: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1163-1176. [PMID: 38508850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes. Accumulating evidence points to inflammatory processes resulting from innate immune responses as a cornerstone in AF pathogenesis. Genetic and epigenetic factors affecting leukocytes have been identified as key modulators of the inflammatory response. Inherited variants in genes encoding proteins involved in the innate immune response have been associated with increased risk for AF recurrence and stroke in AF patients. Furthermore, acquired somatic mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, leukocyte telomere shortening, and epigenetic age acceleration contribute to increased AF risk. In individuals carrying clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, myocardial monocyte-derived macrophage shift toward a proinflammatory phenotype may precipitate AF. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of genetic regulation of the native immune response in atrial arrhythmogenesis and its therapeutic potential as a target for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Ninni
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France; Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Menno de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory diseases; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - David Montaigne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Institut hospitalo-universitaire Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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6
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Zeylan M, Senyuz S, Picón-Pagès P, García-Elías A, Tajes M, Muñoz FJ, Oliva B, Garcia-Ojalvo J, Barbu E, Vicente R, Nattel S, Ois A, Puig-Pijoan A, Keskin O, Gursoy A. Shared Proteins and Pathways of Cardiovascular and Cognitive Diseases: Relation to Vascular Cognitive Impairment. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:560-573. [PMID: 38252700 PMCID: PMC10846560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
One of the primary goals of systems medicine is the detection of putative proteins and pathways involved in disease progression and pathological phenotypes. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogeneous condition manifesting as cognitive impairment resulting from vascular factors. The precise mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear, which poses challenges for experimental research. Here, we applied computational approaches like systems biology to unveil and select relevant proteins and pathways related to VCI by studying the crosstalk between cardiovascular and cognitive diseases. In addition, we specifically included signals related to oxidative stress, a common etiologic factor tightly linked to aging, a major determinant of VCI. Our results show that pathways associated with oxidative stress are quite relevant, as most of the prioritized vascular cognitive genes and proteins were enriched in these pathways. Our analysis provided a short list of proteins that could be contributing to VCI: DOLK, TSC1, ATP1A1, MAPK14, YWHAZ, CREB3, HSPB1, PRDX6, and LMNA. Moreover, our experimental results suggest a high implication of glycative stress, generating oxidative processes and post-translational protein modifications through advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). We propose that these products interact with their specific receptors (RAGE) and Notch signaling to contribute to the etiology of VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa
E. Zeylan
- Computational
Sciences and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Simge Senyuz
- Computational
Sciences and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Pol Picón-Pagès
- Laboratory
of Molecular Physiology, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Anna García-Elías
- Laboratory
of Molecular Physiology, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Marta Tajes
- Laboratory
of Molecular Physiology, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Laboratory
of Molecular Physiology, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Baldomero Oliva
- Laboratory
of Structural Bioinformatics (GRIB), Department of Medicine and Life
Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo
- Laboratory
of Dynamical Systems Biology, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08002, Spain
| | - Eduard Barbu
- Institute
of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50090, Estonia
| | - Raul Vicente
- Institute
of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50090, Estonia
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department
of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université
de Montréal; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and
Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen,
Germany; IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Angel Ois
- Department
of Neurology, Hospital Del Mar. Hospital
Del Mar - Medical Research Institute and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Albert Puig-Pijoan
- Department
of Neurology, Hospital Del Mar. Hospital
Del Mar - Medical Research Institute and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
| | - Attila Gursoy
- Department
of Computer Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
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7
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Vinciguerra M, Dobrev D, Nattel S. Atrial fibrillation: pathophysiology, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 37:100785. [PMID: 38362554 PMCID: PMC10866930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia affecting up to 1% of the general population. Its prevalence dramatically increases with age and could reach up to ∼10% in the elderly. The management of AF is a complex issue that is object of extensive ongoing basic and clinical research, it depends on its genetic and epigenetic causes, and it varies considerably geographically and also according to the ethnicity. Mechanistically, over the last decade, Genome Wide Association Studies have uncovered over 100 genetic loci associated with AF, and have shown that European ancestry is associated with elevated risk of AF. These AF-associated loci revolve around different types of disturbances, including inflammation, electrical abnormalities, and structural remodeling. Moreover, the discovery of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, involving non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation and histone modification, has allowed unravelling what modifications reshape the processes leading to arrhythmias. Our review provides a current state of the field regarding the identification and functional characterization of AF-related genetic and epigenetic regulatory networks, including ethnic differences. We discuss clear and emerging connections between genetic regulation and pathophysiological mechanisms of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Marcoux E, Sosnowski D, Ninni S, Mackasey M, Cadrin-Tourigny J, Roberts JD, Olesen MS, Fatkin D, Nattel S. Genetic Atrial Cardiomyopathies: Common Features, Specific Differences, and Broader Relevance to Understanding Atrial Cardiomyopathy. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2023; 16:675-698. [PMID: 38018478 DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.003750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Atrial cardiomyopathy is a condition that causes electrical and contractile dysfunction of the atria, often along with structural and functional changes. Atrial cardiomyopathy most commonly occurs in conjunction with ventricular dysfunction, in which case it is difficult to discern the atrial features that are secondary to ventricular dysfunction from those that arise as a result of primary atrial abnormalities. Isolated atrial cardiomyopathy (atrial-selective cardiomyopathy [ASCM], with minimal or no ventricular function disturbance) is relatively uncommon and has most frequently been reported in association with deleterious rare genetic variants. The genes involved can affect proteins responsible for various biological functions, not necessarily limited to the heart but also involving extracardiac tissues. Atrial enlargement and atrial fibrillation are common complications of ASCM and are often the predominant clinical features. Despite progress in identifying disease-causing rare variants, an overarching understanding and approach to the molecular pathogenesis, phenotypic spectrum, and treatment of genetic ASCM is still lacking. In this review, we aim to analyze the literature relevant to genetic ASCM to understand the key features of this rather rare condition, as well as to identify distinct characteristics of ASCM and its arrhythmic complications that are related to specific genotypes. We outline the insights that have been gained using basic research models of genetic ASCM in vitro and in vivo and correlate these with patient outcomes. Finally, we provide suggestions for the future investigation of patients with genetic ASCM and improvements to basic scientific models and systems. Overall, a better understanding of the genetic underpinnings of ASCM will not only provide a better understanding of this condition but also promises to clarify our appreciation of the more commonly occurring forms of atrial cardiomyopathy associated with ventricular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Marcoux
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal. (E.M., D.S., S. Ninni, M.M., S. Nattel)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal. (E.M.)
| | - Deanna Sosnowski
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal. (E.M., D.S., S. Ninni, M.M., S. Nattel)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (D.S., M.M., S. Nattel)
| | - Sandro Ninni
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal. (E.M., D.S., S. Ninni, M.M., S. Nattel)
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France (S. Ninni)
| | - Martin Mackasey
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal. (E.M., D.S., S. Ninni, M.M., S. Nattel)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (D.S., M.M., S. Nattel)
| | - Julia Cadrin-Tourigny
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal. (J.C.-T.)
| | - Jason D Roberts
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Canada (J.D.R.)
| | - Morten Salling Olesen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (M.S.O.)
| | - Diane Fatkin
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst (D.F.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington (D.F.)
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia (D.F.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal. (E.M., D.S., S. Ninni, M.M., S. Nattel)
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal. (S. Nattel.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (D.S., M.M., S. Nattel)
- Institute of Pharmacology. West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany (S. Nattel)
- IHU LYRIC & Fondation Bordeaux Université de Bordeaux, France (S. Nattel)
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9
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Nattel S. Atrial Cardiomyopathy Manifestations in the General Population: The Tip or the Iceberg? JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 9:2250-2252. [PMID: 38030333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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10
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Parent S, Vaka R, Risha Y, Ngo C, Kanda P, Nattel S, Khan S, Courtman D, Stewart DJ, Davis DR. Prevention of atrial fibrillation after open-chest surgery with extracellular vesicle therapy. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163297. [PMID: 37384420 PMCID: PMC10481795 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost half of patients recovering from open-chest surgery experience atrial fibrillation (AF) that results principally from inflammation in the pericardial space surrounding the heart. Given that postoperative AF is associated with increased mortality, effective measures to prevent AF after open-chest surgery are highly desirable. In this study, we tested the concept that extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human atrial explant-derived cells can prevent postoperative AF. Middle-aged female and male rats were randomized to undergo sham operation or induction of sterile pericarditis followed by trans-epicardial injection of human EVs or vehicle into the atrial tissue. Pericarditis increased the probability of inducing AF while EV treatment abrogated this effect in a sex-independent manner. EV treatment reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Atrial fibrosis and hypertrophy seen after pericarditis were markedly attenuated by EV pretreatment, an effect attributable to suppression of fibroblast proliferation by EVs. Our study demonstrates that injection of EVs at the time of open-chest surgery shows prominent antiinflammatory effects and prevents AF due to sterile pericarditis. Translation of this finding to patients might provide an effective new strategy to prevent postoperative AF by reducing atrial inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Parent
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ramana Vaka
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Yousef Risha
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Clarissa Ngo
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Pushpinder Kanda
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Research Center and Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Saad Khan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Courtman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darryl R. Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Li L, Coarfa C, Yuan Y, Abu-Taha I, Wang X, Song J, Koirala A, Grimm SL, Kamler M, Mullany LK, Tallquist M, Nattel S, Dobrev D, Li N. Fibroblast-specific inflammasome activation predisposes to atrial fibrillation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.18.541326. [PMID: 37292708 PMCID: PMC10245773 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.18.541326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent work has shown that the NLR-family-pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is expressed in cardiomyocytes and when specifically activated causes atrial electrical remodeling and arrhythmogenicity. Whether the NLRP3-inflammasome system is functionally important in cardiac fibroblasts (FBs) remains controversial. In this study, we sought to uncover the potential contribution of FB NLRP3-inflammasome signaling to the control of cardiac function and arrhythmogenesis. Methods Digital-PCR was performed to determine the expression of NLRP3-pathway components in FBs isolated from human biopsy samples of AF and sinus rhythm patients. NLRP3-system protein expression was determined by immunoblotting in atria of canines with electrically maintained AF. Using the inducible, resident fibroblast (FB)-specific Tcf21-promoter-Cre system (Tcf21iCre as control), we established a FB-specific knockin (FB-KI) mouse model with FB-restricted expression of constitutively active NLRP3. Cardiac function and arrhythmia susceptibility in mice were assessed by echocardiography, programmed electrical stimulation, and optical mapping studies. Results NLRP3 and IL1B were upregulated in atrial FBs of patients with persistent AF. Protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, and pro-Interleukin-1β were increased in atrial FBs of a canine AF model. Compared with the control mice, FB-KI mice exhibited enlarged left atria (LA) and reduced LA contractility, a common determinant of AF. The FBs from FB-KI mice were more transdifferentiated, migratory, and proliferative compared to the FBs from control mice. FB-KI mice showed increased cardiac fibrosis, atrial gap junction remodeling, and reduced conduction velocity, along with increased AF susceptibility. These phenotypic changes were supported by single nuclei (sn)RNA-seq analysis, which revealed enhanced extracellular matrix remodeling, impaired communication among cardiomyocytes, and altered metabolic pathways across multiple cell types. Conclusions Our results show that the FB-restricted activation of the NLRP3-inflammasome system leads to fibrosis, atrial cardiomyopathy, and AF. Activation of NLRP3-inflammasome in resident FBs exhibits cell-autonomous function by increasing the activity of cardiac FBs, fibrosis, and connexin remodeling. This study establishes the NLRP3-inflammasome as a novel FB-signaling pathway contributing to AF pathogenesis.
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12
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Gawałko M, Saljic A, Li N, Abu-Taha I, Jespersen T, Linz D, Nattel S, Heijman J, Fender A, Dobrev D. Adiposity-associated atrial fibrillation: molecular determinants, mechanisms, and clinical significance. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:614-630. [PMID: 35689487 PMCID: PMC10409902 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important contributing factor to the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its complications by causing systemic changes, such as altered haemodynamic, increased sympathetic tone, and low-grade chronic inflammatory state. In addition, adipose tissue is a metabolically active organ that comprises various types of fat deposits with discrete composition and localization that show distinct functions. Fatty tissue differentially affects the evolution of AF, with highly secretory active visceral fat surrounding the heart generally having a more potent influence than the rather inert subcutaneous fat. A variety of proinflammatory, profibrotic, and vasoconstrictive mediators are secreted by adipose tissue, particularly originating from cardiac fat, that promote atrial remodelling and increase the susceptibility to AF. In this review, we address the role of obesity-related factors and in particular specific adipose tissue depots in driving AF risk. We discuss the distinct effects of key secreted adipokines from different adipose tissue depots and their participation in cardiac remodelling. The possible mechanistic basis and molecular determinants of adiposity-related AF are discussed, and finally, we highlight important gaps in current knowledge, areas requiring future investigation, and implications for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gawałko
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-197 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Issam Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Medicine and Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- IHU LIRYC Institute, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Fender
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Medicine and Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
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13
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Heijman J, Zhou X, Morotti S, Molina CE, Abu-Taha IH, Tekook M, Jespersen T, Zhang Y, Dobrev S, Milting H, Gummert J, Karck M, Kamler M, El-Armouche A, Saljic A, Grandi E, Nattel S, Dobrev D. Enhanced Ca 2+-Dependent SK-Channel Gating and Membrane Trafficking in Human Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Res 2023; 132:e116-e133. [PMID: 36927079 PMCID: PMC10147588 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK)-channel inhibitors have antiarrhythmic effects in animal models of atrial fibrillation (AF), presenting a potential novel antiarrhythmic option. However, the regulation of SK-channels in human atrial cardiomyocytes and its modification in patients with AF are poorly understood and were the object of this study. METHODS Apamin-sensitive SK-channel current (ISK) and action potentials were recorded in human right-atrial cardiomyocytes from sinus rhythm control (Ctl) patients or patients with (long-standing persistent) chronic AF (cAF). RESULTS ISK was significantly higher, and apamin caused larger action potential prolongation in cAF- versus Ctl-cardiomyocytes. Sensitivity analyses in an in silico human atrial cardiomyocyte model identified IK1 and ISK as major regulators of repolarization. Increased ISK in cAF was not associated with increases in mRNA/protein levels of SK-channel subunits in either right- or left-atrial tissue homogenates or right-atrial cardiomyocytes, but the abundance of SK2 at the sarcolemma was larger in cAF versus Ctl in both tissue-slices and cardiomyocytes. Latrunculin-A and primaquine (anterograde and retrograde protein-trafficking inhibitors) eliminated the differences in SK2 membrane levels and ISK between Ctl- and cAF-cardiomyocytes. In addition, the phosphatase-inhibitor okadaic acid reduced ISK amplitude and abolished the difference between Ctl- and cAF-cardiomyocytes, indicating that reduced calmodulin-Thr80 phosphorylation due to increased protein phosphatase-2A levels in the SK-channel complex likely contribute to the greater ISK in cAF-cardiomyocytes. Finally, rapid electrical activation (5 Hz, 10 minutes) of Ctl-cardiomyocytes promoted SK2 membrane-localization, increased ISK and reduced action potential duration, effects greatly attenuated by apamin. Latrunculin-A or primaquine prevented the 5-Hz-induced ISK-upregulation. CONCLUSIONS ISK is upregulated in patients with cAF due to enhanced channel function, mediated by phosphatase-2A-dependent calmodulin-Thr80 dephosphorylation and tachycardia-dependent enhanced trafficking and targeting of SK-channel subunits to the sarcolemma. The observed AF-associated increases in ISK, which promote reentry-stabilizing action potential duration shortening, suggest an important role for SK-channels in AF auto-promotion and provide a rationale for pursuing the antiarrhythmic effects of SK-channel inhibition in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Heijman
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Stefano Morotti
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cristina E. Molina
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Issam H. Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Tekook
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yiqiao Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Shokoufeh Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Milting
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Jan Gummert
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University Montreal, Canada
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Nattel S. Atrial Fibrosis, Endocardial Damage, and Thrombosis in Atrial Fibrillation: Association With Underlying Conditions or Causal? JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023:S2405-500X(23)00109-3. [PMID: 37115117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany; IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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15
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Zhong Y, Tang K, Nattel S, Zhai M, Gong S, Yu Q, Zeng Y, E G, Maimaitiaili N, Wang J, Xu Y, Peng W, Li H. Myosin light-chain 4 gene-transfer attenuates atrial fibrosis while correcting autophagic flux dysregulation. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102606. [PMID: 36645977 PMCID: PMC9860351 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the role of MYL4 regulation of lysosomal function and its disturbance in fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy. BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that the atrial-specific essential light chain protein MYL4 is required for atrial contractile, electrical, and structural integrity. MYL4 mutation/dysfunction leads to atrial fibrosis, standstill, and dysrhythmia. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats subjected to knock-in of a pathogenic MYL4 mutant (p.E11K) developed fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy. Proteome analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing indicate enrichment of autophagy pathways in mutant-MYL4 atrial dysfunction. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy revealed undegraded autophagic vesicles accumulated in MYL4p.E11K rat atrium. Next, we identified that dysfunctional MYL4 protein impairs autophagy flux in vitro and in vivo. Cardiac lysosome positioning and mobility were regulated by MYL4 in cardiomyocytes, which affected lysosomal acidification and maturation of lysosomal cathepsins. We then examined the effects of MYL4 overexpression via adenoviral gene-transfer on atrial cardiomyopathy induced by MYL4 mutation: MYL4 protein overexpression attenuated atrial structural remodeling and autophagy dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS MYL4 regulates autophagic flux in atrial cardiomyocytes via lysosomal mobility. MYL4 overexpression attenuates MYL4 p.E11K induced fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy, while correcting autophagy and lysosomal function. These results provide a molecular basis for MYL4-mutant induced fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy and identify a potential biological-therapy approach for the treatment of atrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; HIU LYRIC and Fondation Bordeaux Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - Ming Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxi Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangxi E
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nuerbiyemu Maimaitiaili
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenhui Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hailing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Ninni S, Nattel S. Factor XIa inhibition in atrial fibrillation: insights and knowledge gaps emerging from the PACIFIC-AF trial. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:e111-e114. [PMID: 36702580 PMCID: PMC10597353 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Ninni
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, CHU de Lille and Université de Lille, 59037, Lille, France
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, H3G 1A4, Montreal, Canada
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33604, Bordeaux, France
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Duisburg, Germany
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17
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Abstract
Inflammation has been implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), a very common and clinically significant cardiac rhythm disturbance, but its precise role remains poorly understood. Work performed over the past 5 years suggests that atrial cardiomyocytes have inflammatory signalling machinery - in particular, components of the NLRP3 (NACHT-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome - that is activated in animal models and patients with AF. Furthermore, work in animal models suggests that NLRP3 inflammasome activation in atrial cardiomyocytes might be a sufficient and necessary condition for AF occurrence. In this Review, we evaluate the evidence for the role and pathophysiological significance of cardiomyocyte NLRP3 signalling in AF. We first summarize the evidence for a role of inflammation in AF and review the biochemical properties of the NLRP3 inflammasome, as defined primarily in studies of classic inflammation. We then briefly consider the broader evidence for a role of inflammatory signalling in heart disease, particularly conditions that predispose individuals to develop AF. We provide a detailed discussion of the available information about atrial cardiomyocyte NLRP3 inflammasome signalling in AF and related conditions and evaluate the possibility that similar signalling might be important in non-myocyte cardiac cells. We then review the evidence on the role of active resolution of inflammation and its potential importance in suppressing AF-related inflammatory signalling. Finally, we consider the therapeutic potential and broader implications of this new knowledge and highlight crucial questions to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Na Li
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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18
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Déri S, Hartai T, Virág L, Jost N, Labro AJ, Varró A, Baczkó I, Nattel S, Ördög B. MiRP2 rescues long QT syndrome type 5. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.08.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sharma PS, Kron J, Tzou W, Sauer W, Park DS, Birgersdotter-Green U, Frankel DS, Healey JS, Hummel J, Koruth J, Linz D, Mittal S, Nair DG, Nattel S, Noseworthy PA, Steinberg BA, Trayanova NA, Wan EY, Wissner E, Zeitler EP, Wang PJ. Advances in Cardiac Electrophysiology. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2022; 15:e009911. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.009911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the global COVID-19 pandemic, during the past 2 years, there have been numerous advances in our understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms and diagnosis and in new therapies. We increased our understanding of risk factors and mechanisms of atrial arrhythmias, the prediction of atrial arrhythmias, response to treatment, and outcomes using machine learning and artificial intelligence. There have been new technologies and techniques for atrial fibrillation ablation, including pulsed field ablation. There have been new randomized trials in atrial fibrillation ablation, giving insight about rhythm control, and long-term outcomes. There have been advances in our understanding of treatment of inherited disorders such as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. We have gained new insights into the recurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in the setting of various conditions such as myocarditis and inherited cardiomyopathic disorders. Novel computational approaches may help predict occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias and localize arrhythmias to guide ablation. There are further advances in our understanding of noninvasive radiotherapy. We have increased our understanding of the role of His bundle pacing and left bundle branch area pacing to maintain synchronous ventricular activation. There have also been significant advances in the defibrillators, cardiac resynchronization therapy, remote monitoring, and infection prevention. There have been advances in our understanding of the pathways and mechanisms involved in atrial and ventricular arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Piccini
- Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (J.P.P.)
| | | | - Parikshit S. Sharma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (P.S.S.)
| | - Jordana Kron
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA (J.K.)
| | - Wendy Tzou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO (W.T.)
| | - William Sauer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (W.S.)
| | - David S. Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NYU Medical Center, NY (D.S.P.)
| | | | - David S. Frankel
- Cardiovascular Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (D.S.F.)
| | - Jeff S. Healey
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H.)
| | - John Hummel
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH (J.H.)
| | - Jacob Koruth
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.K.)
| | - Dominik Linz
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Australia (D.L.)
| | - Suneet Mittal
- Snyder Center for Comprehensive Atrial Fibrillation and Department of Cardiology at Valley Health System, Ridgewood, NJ (S.M.)
| | - Devi G. Nair
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, St Bernard’s Heart and Vascular Center, Jonesboro, AR (D.G.N.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N.)
| | | | | | - Natalia A. Trayanova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (N.A.T.)
| | - Elaine Y. Wan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (E.Y.W.)
| | - Erik Wissner
- Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL (E.W.)
| | - Emily P. Zeitler
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, NH (E.P.Z.)
| | - Paul J. Wang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (P.J.W.)
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20
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Altuntas Y, Hiram R, Naud P, Sirois M, Tardif JC, Nattel S. Myl-4 mutation induces atrial inflammation and fibrosis associated with increased Atrial Fibrillation vulnerability. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2022.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Mehdizadeh M, Naud P, Hiram R, Xiong F, Ferbeyre G, Tanguay JF, Sirois MG, Thorin E, Tardif JC, Nattel S. PO-616-07 THE ROLE OF CELLULAR SENESCENCE IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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Mehdizadeh M, Aguilar M, Thorin E, Ferbeyre G, Nattel S. The role of cellular senescence in cardiac disease: basic biology and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:250-264. [PMID: 34667279 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, classically defined as stable cell cycle arrest, is implicated in biological processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing and ageing. Senescent cells have a complex senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), involving a range of pro-inflammatory factors with important paracrine and autocrine effects on cell and tissue biology. Clinical evidence and experimental studies link cellular senescence, senescent cell accumulation, and the production and release of SASP components with age-related cardiac pathologies such as heart failure, myocardial ischaemia and infarction, and cancer chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity. However, the precise role of senescent cells in these conditions is unclear and, in some instances, both detrimental and beneficial effects have been reported. The involvement of cellular senescence in other important entities, such as cardiac arrhythmias and remodelling, is poorly understood. In this Review, we summarize the basic biology of cellular senescence and discuss what is known about the role of cellular senescence and the SASP in heart disease. We then consider the various approaches that are being developed to prevent the accumulation of senescent cells and their consequences. Many of these strategies are applicable in vivo and some are being investigated for non-cardiac indications in clinical trials. We end by considering important knowledge gaps, directions for future research and the potential implications for improving the management of patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Mehdizadeh
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Aguilar
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Thorin
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. .,IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ajoolabady
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; IHU LIYRC Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington USA.
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24
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Boulet J, Allard C, Andrade JG, Nattel S, Roy D, O’Meara E, Macle L. Atrial fibrillation in heart failure: A practical approach for the clinician. Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:840-843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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25
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Vrinceanu T, Khairy P, Roy D, Payer M, Gagnon C, Kaushal N, Talajic M, Tardif JC, Nattel S, Black SE, Healey J, Lanthier S, Andrade J, Massoud F, Nault I, Guertin MC, Dorian P, Kouz S, Essebag V, Ellenbogen KA, Racine N, Nozza A, Bherer L, Rivard L. Pattern of Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Function in Young Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Low CHADS 2 Score: Insights From the BRAIN-AF Trial. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2022; 15:e010462. [PMID: 35089051 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.010462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Vrinceanu
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Paul Khairy
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Payer
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis (N.K.)
| | - Mario Talajic
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.E.B.)
| | - Jeffrey Healey
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.A.)
| | - Sylvain Lanthier
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Fadi Massoud
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Nault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Canada (I.N.)
| | - Marie-Claude Guertin
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Dorian
- Terrence Donnelly Heart Centre, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.D.)
| | - Simon Kouz
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vidal Essebag
- McGill University Health Centre, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (V.E.)
| | | | - Normand Racine
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna Nozza
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (T.V., M.P., C.G., L.B.)
| | - Léna Rivard
- Department of Medicine (T.V., P.K., D.R., M.P., C.G., M.T., J.-C.T., S.N., S.L., F.M., N.R., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute (T.V., M.P., C.G., J.-C.T., M.-C.G., S.K., A.N., L.B., L.R.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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26
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Jenkins E, Dharmaprani D, Schopp M, Xian Quah J, Tiver K, Mitchell L, Xiong F, Aguilar M, Pope K, Akar F, Roney C, Niederer S, Nattel S, Nash M, Clayton R, Ganesan A. The Inspection Paradox: An Important Consideration in the Evaluation of Rotor Lifetimes in Cardiac Fibrillation. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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27
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Jenkins EV, Dharmaprani D, Schopp M, Quah JX, Tiver K, Mitchell L, Xiong F, Aguilar M, Pope K, Akar FG, Roney CH, Niederer SA, Nattel S, Nash MP, Clayton RH, Ganesan AN. The inspection paradox: An important consideration in the evaluation of rotor lifetimes in cardiac fibrillation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:920788. [PMID: 36148313 PMCID: PMC9486478 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.920788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Renewal theory is a statistical approach to model the formation and destruction of phase singularities (PS), which occur at the pivots of spiral waves. A common issue arising during observation of renewal processes is an inspection paradox, due to oversampling of longer events. The objective of this study was to characterise the effect of a potential inspection paradox on the perception of PS lifetimes in cardiac fibrillation. Methods: A multisystem, multi-modality study was performed, examining computational simulations (Aliev-Panfilov (APV) model, Courtmanche-Nattel model), experimentally acquired optical mapping Atrial and Ventricular Fibrillation (AF/VF) data, and clinically acquired human AF and VF. Distributions of all PS lifetimes across full epochs of AF, VF, or computational simulations, were compared with distributions formed from lifetimes of PS existing at 10,000 simulated commencement timepoints. Results: In all systems, an inspection paradox led towards oversampling of PS with longer lifetimes. In APV computational simulations there was a mean PS lifetime shift of +84.9% (95% CI, ± 0.3%) (p < 0.001 for observed vs overall), in Courtmanche-Nattel simulations of AF +692.9% (95% CI, ±57.7%) (p < 0.001), in optically mapped rat AF +374.6% (95% CI, ± 88.5%) (p = 0.052), in human AF mapped with basket catheters +129.2% (95% CI, ±4.1%) (p < 0.05), human AF-HD grid catheters 150.8% (95% CI, ± 9.0%) (p < 0.001), in optically mapped rat VF +171.3% (95% CI, ±15.6%) (p < 0.001), in human epicardial VF 153.5% (95% CI, ±15.7%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Visual inspection of phase movies has the potential to systematically oversample longer lasting PS, due to an inspection paradox. An inspection paradox is minimised by consideration of the overall distribution of PS lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan V Jenkins
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dhani Dharmaprani
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Madeline Schopp
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jing Xian Quah
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kathryn Tiver
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lewis Mitchell
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Feng Xiong
- Montréal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Aguilar
- Montréal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kenneth Pope
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Fadi G Akar
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Caroline H Roney
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven A Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montréal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martyn P Nash
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard H Clayton
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine and Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Anand N Ganesan
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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28
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Elsokkari I, Tsuji Y, Sapp JL, Nattel S. Recent insights into mechanisms and clinical approaches to electrical storm. Can J Cardiol 2021; 38:439-453. [PMID: 34979281 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical storm, characterized by repetitive ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) over a short period, is becoming commoner with widespread use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Electrical storm, sometimes called "arrhythmic storm" or "VT-storm", is usually a medical emergency requiring hospitalization and expert management, and significantly affects short- and long-term outcomes. This syndrome typically occurs in patients with underlying structural heart disease (ischemic or non-ischemic cardiomyopathy) or inherited channelopathies. Triggers for electrical storm should be sought but are often unidentifiable. Initial management is dictated by the hemodynamic status, while subsequent management typically involves ICD interrogation and reprogramming to reduce recurrent shocks, identification/management of triggers like electrolyte abnormalities, myocardial ischemia, or decompensated heart failure, and antiarrhythmic-drug therapy or catheter ablation. Sympathetic nervous system activation is central to the initiation and maintenance of arrhythmic storm, so autonomic modulation is a cornerstone of management. Sympathetic inhibition can be achieved with medications (particularly beta-adrenoreceptor blockers), deep sedation, or cardiac sympathetic denervation. More definitive management targets the underlying ventricular arrhythmia substrate to terminate and prevent recurrent arrhythmia. Arrhythmia targeting can be achieved with antiarrhythmic medications, catheter ablation or more novel therapies such as stereotactic radiation therapy that targets the arrhythmic substrate. Mechanistic studies point to adrenergic activation and other direct consequences of ICD-shocks in promoting further arrhythmogenesis and hypocontractility. Here, we review the pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical features, prognosis, and therapeutic options for electrical storm. We also outline a clinical approach to this challenging and complex condition, along with its mechanistic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Elsokkari
- University of Sydney, Nepean Blue Mountains local health district, Australia
| | - Yukiomi Tsuji
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - John L Sapp
- Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Departments of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal and Pharmacology and Therapeutics McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; IHU LIYRC Institute, Bordeaux, France.
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29
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Nattel S. Digital Technologies: Revolutionizing Cardiovascular Medicine and Reshaping the World. Can J Cardiol 2021; 38:142-144. [PMID: 34954008 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Samuel
- Research Center and Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Canada (M.S., S.N.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Research Center and Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Canada (M.S., S.N.).,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.).,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire - l'Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque (IHU LIRYC) and Fondation Bordeaux Université, France (S.N.)
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31
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Künzel SR, Hoffmann M, Weber S, Künzel K, Kämmerer S, Günscht M, Klapproth E, Rausch JS, Sadek MS, Kolanowski T, Meyer-Roxlau S, Piorkowski C, Tugtekin SM, Rose-John S, Yin X, Mayr M, Kuhlmann JD, Wimberger P, Grützmann K, Herzog N, Küpper JH, O’Reilly M, Kabir SN, Sommerfeld LC, Guan K, Wielockx B, Fabritz L, Nattel S, Ravens U, Dobrev D, Wagner M, El-Armouche A. Diminished PLK2 Induces Cardiac Fibrosis and Promotes Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Res 2021; 129:804-820. [PMID: 34433292 PMCID: PMC8487716 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan R. Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K.)
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Silvio Weber
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Karolina Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Susanne Kämmerer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Mario Günscht
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Erik Klapproth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Johanna S.E. Rausch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Mirna S. Sadek
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Tomasz Kolanowski
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Stefanie Meyer-Roxlau
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Christopher Piorkowski
- Department of Rhythmology (C.P., M.W.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - Sems M. Tugtekin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (S.M.T.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel (S.R.-J.)
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- The James Black Centre, King’s College, University of London (X.Y., M.M.)
| | - Manuel Mayr
- The James Black Centre, King’s College, University of London (X.Y., M.M.)
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (M.M.)
| | - Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (J.D.K., P.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (J.D.K., P.W.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
| | - Pauline Wimberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (J.D.K., P.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (J.D.K., P.W.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
| | - Konrad Grützmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
| | - Natalie Herzog
- Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg (N.H., J.-H.K.)
| | | | - Molly O’Reilly
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
| | - S. Nashitha Kabir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
| | - Laura C. Sommerfeld
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg (L.F., L.C.S.)
| | - Kaomei Guan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- Department of Rhythmology (C.P., M.W.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (S.M.T.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel (S.R.-J.)
- The James Black Centre, King’s College, University of London (X.Y., M.M.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (J.D.K., P.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (J.D.K., P.W.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
- Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg (N.H., J.-H.K.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden (B.W.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham (L.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N., D.D.)
- Institut für Experimentelle Kardiovaskuläre Medizin, Universitäts Herzzentrum, Freiburg Bad Krotzingen, Freiburg im Breisgau (U.R.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N., D.D.)
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université (S.N.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine (D.D.)
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K.)
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (M.M.)
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg (L.F., L.C.S.)
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden (B.W.)
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham (L.F.)
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg (L.F., L.C.S.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N., D.D.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N., D.D.)
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université (S.N.)
| | - Ursula Ravens
- Institut für Experimentelle Kardiovaskuläre Medizin, Universitäts Herzzentrum, Freiburg Bad Krotzingen, Freiburg im Breisgau (U.R.)
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N., D.D.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N., D.D.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine (D.D.)
| | - Michael Wagner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- Department of Rhythmology (C.P., M.W.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
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Gawałko M, Agbaedeng TA, Saljic A, Müller DN, Wilck N, Schnabel R, Penders J, Rienstra M, van Gelder I, Jespersen T, Schotten U, Crijns HJGM, Kalman JM, Sanders P, Nattel S, Dobrev D, Linz D. Gut microbiota, dysbiosis and atrial fibrillation. Arrhythmogenic mechanisms and potential clinical implications. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2415-2427. [PMID: 34550344 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent preclinical and observational cohort studies have implicated imbalances in gut microbiota composition as a contributor to atrial fibrillation (AF). The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem containing trillions of microorganisms, which produces bioactive metabolites influencing host health and disease development. In addition to host-specific determinants, lifestyle-related factors such as diet and drugs are important determinants of the gut microbiota composition. In this review, we discuss the evidence suggesting a potential bidirectional association between AF and gut microbiota, identifying gut microbiota-derived metabolites as possible regulators of the AF substrate. We summarize the effect of gut microbiota on the development and progression of AF risk-factors, including heart failure, hypertension, obesity and coronary artery disease. We also discuss the potential antiarrhythmic effects of pharmacological and diet-induced modifications of gut microbiota composition, which may modulate and prevent the progression to AF. Finally, we highlight important gaps in knowledge and areas requiring future investigation. Although data supporting a direct relationship between gut microbiota and AF are very limited at the present time, emerging preclinical and clinical research dealing with mechanistic interactions between gut microbiota and AF is important as it may lead to new insights into AF pathophysiology and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gawałko
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Agbaedeng
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital, and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominik N Müller
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Wilck
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Nephrologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Schnabel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri) and School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle van Gelder
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Department of Physiology, University Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M Kalman
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital, and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, Medicine and Research Centre and Department of Pharmacology McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,IHU Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.,Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, Medicine and Research Centre and Department of Pharmacology McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital, and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Moore O, Moreira LM, Abu-Taha I, Kamler M, Dobrev D, Nattel S, Reilly S, Wehrens XH. Atrial-Specific LKB1 Knockdown Represents a Novel Mouse Model of Atrial Cardiomyopathy With Spontaneous Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation 2021; 144:909-912. [PMID: 34516304 PMCID: PMC8442761 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.055373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit M. Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Satadru K. Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oliver Moore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lucia M Moreira
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Issam Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Huttrop, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Montreal Heart Institute/University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Montreal Heart Institute/University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- IHU LIRYC and Foundation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Correspondence to: Svetlana Reilly, MD, PhD, Oxford University, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, Tel +44-1865-234-646, ; Xander HT Wehrens, MD, PhD, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Tel +1-713-798-4261,
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Correspondence to: Svetlana Reilly, MD, PhD, Oxford University, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, Tel +44-1865-234-646, ; Xander HT Wehrens, MD, PhD, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Tel +1-713-798-4261,
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34
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Leblanc FJA, Lettre G, Nattel S. Understanding the molecular events preceding and leading to atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2021; 18:2126-2127. [PMID: 34508877 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis J A Leblanc
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; IHU Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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35
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Bers DM, Nattel S. Cardiac Na/Ca Exchange Suppression: A Late-Breaking Knockout Story Showing That There Is No Free Lunch. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e022512. [PMID: 34472381 PMCID: PMC8649298 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology University of California, Davis Davis CA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada.,IHU LIYRC Institute Bordeaux France.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine University Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany
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36
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Linz D, Gawałko M, Sanders P, Penders J, Li N, Nattel S, Dobrev D. Does gut microbiota affect atrial rhythm? Causalities and speculations. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:3521-3525. [PMID: 34338744 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary intake has been shown to change the composition of gut microbiota and some changes in microbiota (dysbiosis) have been linked to diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, which are established risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). In addition, intestinal dysbiosis generates microbiota-derived bioactive metabolites that might exert proarrhythmic actions. Although emerging preclinical investigations and clinical observational cohort studies suggest a possible role of gut dysbiosis in AF promotion, the exact mechanisms through which dysbiosis contributes to AF remain unclear. This Viewpoint article briefly reviews evidence suggesting that abnormalities in the intestinal microbiota play an important and little-recognized role in the pathophysiology of AF and that an improved understanding of this role may open up new possibilities in the management of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, 1 Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Monika Gawałko
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-197 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen 45147,Germany
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, 1 Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri) and School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen 45147,Germany
- Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, Medicine and Research Center and Department of Pharmacology McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université Bordeaux, , Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen 45147,Germany
- Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, Medicine and Research Center and Department of Pharmacology McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Guasch E, Nattel S. Ageing, comorbidities, and the complex determinants of atrial fibrillation in athletes. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:3526-3528. [PMID: 34297811 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Guasch
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/Villarroel, 149, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centro de Investigació en Red-Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, 5000 Bélanger, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, 55 Hufelandstrasse, 45122 Essen, Germany.,IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, Pessac cedex 33604, France
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38
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Leblanc FJA, Hassani FV, Liesinger L, Qi X, Naud P, Birner-Gruenberger R, Lettre G, Nattel S. Transcriptomic Profiling of Canine Atrial Fibrillation Models After One Week of Sustained Arrhythmia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2021; 14:e009887. [PMID: 34270327 PMCID: PMC8376273 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.009887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia, is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. AF develops over many years and is often related to substantial atrial structural and electrophysiological remodeling. AF may lack symptoms at onset, and atrial biopsy samples are generally obtained in subjects with advanced disease, so it is difficult to study earlier stage pathophysiology in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J A Leblanc
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., G.L., S.N.).,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., X.Q., P.N., G.L., S.N.)
| | - Faezeh Vahdati Hassani
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., G.L., S.N.).,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., X.Q., P.N., G.L., S.N.)
| | - Laura Liesinger
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology (L.L., R.B.-G.).,BioTechMed-Graz, Omics Center Graz (L.L., R.B.-G.)
| | - Xiaoyan Qi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., X.Q., P.N., G.L., S.N.)
| | - Patrice Naud
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., X.Q., P.N., G.L., S.N.)
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology (L.L., R.B.-G.).,BioTechMed-Graz, Omics Center Graz (L.L., R.B.-G.).,Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytical Chemistry, Vienna, Austria (R.B.-G.)
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., G.L., S.N.).,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., X.Q., P.N., G.L., S.N.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., G.L., S.N.).,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.J.A.L., F.V.H., X.Q., P.N., G.L., S.N.).,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany (S.N.).,Department of Pharmacology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.N.).,IHU LIFYC, Bordeaux, France (S.N.)
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39
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Gaur N, Qi XY, Benoist D, Bernus O, Coronel R, Nattel S, Vigmond EJ. A computational model of pig ventricular cardiomyocyte electrophysiology and calcium handling: Translation from pig to human electrophysiology. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009137. [PMID: 34191797 PMCID: PMC8277015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The pig is commonly used as an experimental model of human heart disease, including for the study of mechanisms of arrhythmia. However, there exist differences between human and porcine cellular electrophysiology: The pig action potential (AP) has a deeper phase-1 notch, a longer duration at 50% repolarization, and higher plateau potentials than human. Ionic differences underlying the AP include larger rapid delayed-rectifier and smaller inward-rectifier K+-currents (IKr and IK1 respectively) in humans. AP steady-state rate-dependence and restitution is steeper in pigs. Porcine Ca2+ transients can have two components, unlike human. Although a reliable computational model for human ventricular myocytes exists, one for pigs is lacking. This hampers translation from results obtained in pigs to human myocardium. Here, we developed a computational model of the pig ventricular cardiomyocyte AP using experimental datasets of the relevant ionic currents, Ca2+-handling, AP shape, AP duration restitution, and inducibility of triggered activity and alternans. To properly capture porcine Ca2+ transients, we introduced a two-step process with a faster release in the t-tubular region, followed by a slower diffusion-induced release from a non t-tubular subcellular region. The pig model behavior was compared with that of a human ventricular cardiomyocyte (O’Hara-Rudy) model. The pig, but not the human model, developed early afterdepolarizations (EADs) under block of IK1, while IKr block led to EADs in the human but not in the pig model. At fast rates (pacing cycle length = 400 ms), the human cell model was more susceptible to spontaneous Ca2+ release-mediated delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and triggered activity than pig. Fast pacing led to alternans in human but not pig. Developing species-specific models incorporating electrophysiology and Ca2+-handling provides a tool to aid translating antiarrhythmic and arrhythmogenic assessment from the bench to the clinic. The pig is an animal commonly used experimentally to study diseases of the heart, as well as investigate therapies to treat them, such as drugs. However, although similar, pigs differ from humans in certain aspects which may mean experimental results do not always directly translate between species. We propose a mathematical model of porcine electrophysiology which can serve as a tool to understand differences between the species and translate responses. Using new measurements along with values from literature, we built a computer model of porcine cardiac myocyte which replicated voltage and calcium behaviour over a range of pacing frequencies. The pig cell had a two-stage calcium release, unlike humans with a single stage. We predict that pigs and humans differ in the type of potassium current block that makes them most susceptible to cardiac arrhythmia. The model we developed can elucidate important differences between human and pig arrhythmia response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namit Gaur
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, IMB, UMR 5251, Talence, France
| | - Xiao-Yan Qi
- Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - David Benoist
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, CRCTB, U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Olivier Bernus
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, CRCTB, U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Ruben Coronel
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stanley Nattel
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France
- Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Edward J. Vigmond
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, IMB, UMR 5251, Talence, France
- * E-mail:
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40
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Hiram R, Xiong F, Naud P, Xiao J, Sirois M, Tanguay JF, Tardif JC, Nattel S. The inflammation-resolution promoting molecule resolvin-D1 prevents atrial proarrhythmic remodelling in experimental right heart disease. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1776-1789. [PMID: 32866246 PMCID: PMC8208753 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inflammation plays a role in atrial fibrillation (AF), but classical anti-inflammatory molecules are ineffective. Recent evidence suggests that failure of inflammation-resolution causes persistent inflammatory signalling and that a novel drug-family called resolvins promotes inflammation-resolution. Right heart disease (RHD) is associated with AF; experimental RHD shows signs of atrial inflammatory-pathway activation. Here, we evaluated resolvin-therapy effects on atrial arrhythmogenic remodelling in experimental RHD. METHODS AND RESULTS Pulmonary hypertension and RHD were induced in rats with an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT). An intervention group received daily resolvin-D1 (RvD1), starting 1 day before MCT administration. Right atrial (RA) conduction and gene-expression were analysed respectively by optical mapping and qPCR/gene-microarray. RvD1 had no or minimal effects on MCT-induced pulmonary artery or right ventricular remodelling. Nevertheless, in vivo transoesophageal pacing induced atrial tachyarrhythmias in no CTRL rats vs. 100% MCT-only rats, and only 33% RvD1-treated MCT rats (P < 0.001 vs. MCT-only). Conduction velocity was significantly decreased by MCT, an effect prevented by RvD1. RHD caused RA dilation and fibrosis. RvD1 strongly attenuated RA fibrosis but had no effect on RA dilation. MCT increased RA expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-related gene-expression pathways on gene-microarray transcriptomic analysis, effects significantly attenuated by RvD1 (334 pathways enriched in MCT-rats vs. control; only 177 dysregulated by MCT with RvD1 treatment). MCT significantly increased RA content of type 1 (proinflammatory) CD68-positive M1 macrophages without affecting type 2 (anti-inflammatory) M2 macrophages. RvD1-treated MCT-rat RA showed significant reductions in proinflammatory M1 macrophages and increases in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages vs. MCT-only. MCT caused statistically significant increases in protein-expression (western blot) of COL3A1, ASC, CASP1, CASP8, IL1β, TGFβ3, CXCL1, and CXCL2, and decreases in MMP2, vs. control. RvD1-treatment suppressed all these MCT-induced protein-expression changes. CONCLUSION The inflammation-resolution enhancing molecule RvD1 prevents AF-promoting RA remodelling, while suppressing inflammatory changes and fibrotic/electrical remodelling, in RHD. Resolvins show potential promise in combating atrial arrhythmogenic remodelling by suppressing ongoing inflammatory signalling.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials/drug effects
- Animals
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Atrial Fibrillation/genetics
- Atrial Fibrillation/metabolism
- Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology
- Atrial Fibrillation/prevention & control
- Atrial Remodeling/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Docosahexaenoic Acids/pharmacology
- Fibrosis
- Heart Atria/drug effects
- Heart Atria/metabolism
- Heart Atria/physiopathology
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/prevention & control
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Phenotype
- Rats, Wistar
- Signal Transduction
- Transcriptome
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/prevention & control
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Roddy Hiram
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrice Naud
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jiening Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Martin Sirois
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jean-François Tanguay
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute (MHI), Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- IHU Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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41
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Heijman J, Sutanto H, Crijns HJGM, Nattel S, Trayanova NA. Computational models of atrial fibrillation: achievements, challenges, and perspectives for improving clinical care. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1682-1699. [PMID: 33890620 PMCID: PMC8208751 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in its detection, understanding and management, atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a highly prevalent cardiac arrhythmia with a major impact on morbidity and mortality of millions of patients. AF results from complex, dynamic interactions between risk factors and comorbidities that induce diverse atrial remodelling processes. Atrial remodelling increases AF vulnerability and persistence, while promoting disease progression. The variability in presentation and wide range of mechanisms involved in initiation, maintenance and progression of AF, as well as its associated adverse outcomes, make the early identification of causal factors modifiable with therapeutic interventions challenging, likely contributing to suboptimal efficacy of current AF management. Computational modelling facilitates the multilevel integration of multiple datasets and offers new opportunities for mechanistic understanding, risk prediction and personalized therapy. Mathematical simulations of cardiac electrophysiology have been around for 60 years and are being increasingly used to improve our understanding of AF mechanisms and guide AF therapy. This narrative review focuses on the emerging and future applications of computational modelling in AF management. We summarize clinical challenges that may benefit from computational modelling, provide an overview of the different in silico approaches that are available together with their notable achievements, and discuss the major limitations that hinder the routine clinical application of these approaches. Finally, future perspectives are addressed. With the rapid progress in electronic technologies including computing, clinical applications of computational modelling are advancing rapidly. We expect that their application will progressively increase in prominence, especially if their added value can be demonstrated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Sutanto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- IHU Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Natalia A Trayanova
- Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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42
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Nattel S, Lip GYH, Filgueiras-Rama D, Dobrev D. Challenges and opportunities in improving the management of atrial fibrillation: recent research advances and their clinical translation. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1609-1611. [PMID: 34086918 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 5000 Belanger St E, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada.,IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, Bordeaux, France.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122-Essen, Germany
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Sondre Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - David Filgueiras-Rama
- Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Cardiovascular Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122-Essen, Germany.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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43
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Simons SO, Elliott A, Sastry M, Hendriks JM, Arzt M, Rienstra M, Kalman JM, Heidbuchel H, Nattel S, Wesseling G, Schotten U, van Gelder IC, Franssen FME, Sanders P, Crijns HJGM, Linz D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and atrial fibrillation: an interdisciplinary perspective. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:532-540. [PMID: 33206945 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is highly prevalent among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), shares common risk factors, and adds to the overall morbidity and mortality in this population. Additionally, it may promote AF and impair treatment efficacy. The prevalence of COPD in AF patients is high and is estimated to be ∼25%. Diagnosis and treatment of COPD in AF patients requires a close interdisciplinary collaboration between the electrophysiologist/cardiologist and pulmonologist. Differential diagnosis may be challenging, especially in elderly and smoking patients complaining of unspecific symptoms such as dyspnoea and fatigue. Routine evaluation of lung function and determination of natriuretic peptides and echocardiography may be reasonable to detect COPD and heart failure as contributing causes of dyspnoea. Acute exacerbation of COPD transiently increases AF risk due to hypoxia-mediated mechanisms, inflammation, increased use of beta-2 agonists, and autonomic changes. Observational data suggest that COPD promotes AF progression, increases AF recurrence after cardioversion, and reduces the efficacy of catheter-based antiarrhythmic therapy. However, it remains unclear whether treatment of COPD improves AF outcomes and which metric should be used to determine COPD severity and guide treatment in AF patients. Data from non-randomized studies suggest that COPD is associated with increased AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion and catheter ablation. Future prospective cohort studies in AF patients are needed to confirm the relationship between COPD and AF, the benefits of treatment of either COPD or AF in this population, and to clarify the need and cost-effectiveness of routine COPD screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami O Simons
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Division of Respiratory & Age-related Health, Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Adrian Elliott
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, 1 Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Manuel Sastry
- Academic Sleep Centre CIRO, Hornerheide 1, 6085 NM Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen M Hendriks
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, 1 Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia.,Institute of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Campus US, SE 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.,Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, SA 5001 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Arzt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre of Sleep Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M Kalman
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Grattan St Parkville, 3050 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, 5000 Rue Bélanger, QC H1T 1C8, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Geertjan Wesseling
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- University Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle C van Gelder
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Division of Respiratory & Age-related Health, Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Academic Sleep Centre CIRO, Hornerheide 1, 6085 NM Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, 1 Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- University Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik Linz
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, 1 Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia.,University Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 København N, Denmark
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44
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Liu D, Song AT, Qi X, van Vliet PP, Xiao J, Xiong F, Andelfinger G, Nattel S. Cohesin-protein Shugoshin-1 controls cardiac automaticity via HCN4 pacemaker channel. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2551. [PMID: 33953173 PMCID: PMC8100125 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous cardiac pacemaker function regulates the rate and rhythm of cardiac contraction. The mutation p.Lys23Glu in the cohesin protein Shugoshin-1 causes severe heart arrhythmias due to sinoatrial node dysfunction and a debilitating gastrointestinal motility disorder, collectively termed the Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome, linking Shugoshin-1 and pacemaker activity. Hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (HCN4) is the predominant pacemaker ion-channel in the adult heart and carries the majority of the "funny" current, which strongly contributes to diastolic depolarization in pacemaker cells. Here, we study the mechanism by which Shugoshin-1 affects cardiac pacing activity with two cell models: neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. We find that Shugoshin-1 interacts directly with HCN4 to promote and stabilize cardiac pacing. This interaction enhances funny-current by optimizing HCN4 cell-surface expression and function. The clinical p.Lys23Glu mutation leads to an impairment in the interaction between Shugoshin-1 and HCN4, along with depressed funny-current and dysrhythmic activity in induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes derived from Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome patients. Our work reveals a critical non-canonical, cohesin-independent role for Shugoshin-1 in maintaining cardiac automaticity and identifies potential therapeutic avenues for cardiac pacemaking disorders, in particular Chronic Atrial and Intestinal Dysrhythmia Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Liu
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew Taehun Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Qi
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Piet van Vliet
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) INSERM, Marseille, France
- LIA (International Associated Laboratory) Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiening Xiao
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Feng Xiong
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
- IHU LIRYC Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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45
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Nattel S, Sager PT, Hüser J, Heijman J, Dobrev D. Why translation from basic discoveries to clinical applications is so difficult for atrial fibrillation and possible approaches to improving it. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1616-1631. [PMID: 33769493 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained clinical arrhythmia, with a lifetime incidence of up to 37%, and is a major contributor to population morbidity and mortality. Important components of AF management include control of cardiac rhythm, rate, and thromboembolic risk. In this narrative review article, we focus on rhythm-control therapy. The available therapies for cardiac rhythm control include antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter-based ablation procedures; both of these are presently neither optimally effective nor safe. In order to develop improved treatment options, it is necessary to use preclinical models, both to identify novel mechanism-based therapeutic targets and to test the effects of putative therapies before initiating clinical trials. Extensive research over the past 30 years has provided many insights into AF mechanisms that can be used to design new rhythm-maintenance approaches. However, it has proven very difficult to translate these mechanistic discoveries into clinically applicable safe and effective new therapies. The aim of this article is to explore the challenges that underlie this phenomenon. We begin by considering the basic problem of AF, including its clinical importance, the current therapeutic landscape, the drug development pipeline, and the notion of upstream therapy. We then discuss the currently available preclinical models of AF and their limitations, and move on to regulatory hurdles and considerations and then review industry concerns and strategies. Finally, we evaluate potential paths forward, attempting to derive insights from the developmental history of currently used approaches and suggesting possible paths for the future. While the introduction of successful conceptually innovative new treatments for AF control is proving extremely difficult, one significant breakthrough is likely to revolutionize both AF management and the therapeutic development landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,IHU LIYRC Institute, Bordeaux, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Philip T Sager
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascuar Research Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jörg Hüser
- Research and Development, Preclinical Research, Cardiovascular Diseases, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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46
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Nattel S, Aguilar M. Do Atrial Fibrillation-Promoting Gene Variants Act by Enhancing Atrial Remodeling? JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2021; 6:1522-1524. [PMID: 33213812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany; Institut Hospitalo Universitaire de rythmologie et de modélisation cardiaque and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Martin Aguilar
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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47
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Aguilar M, Rose RA, Takawale A, Nattel S, Reilly S. New aspects of endocrine control of atrial fibrillation and possibilities for clinical translation. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1645-1661. [PMID: 33723575 PMCID: PMC8208746 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormones are potent endo-, para-, and autocrine endogenous regulators of the function of multiple organs, including the heart. Endocrine dysfunction promotes a number of cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation (AF). While the heart is a target for endocrine regulation, it is also an active endocrine organ itself, secreting a number of important bioactive hormones that convey significant endocrine effects, but also through para-/autocrine actions, actively participate in cardiac self-regulation. The hormones regulating heart-function work in concert to support myocardial performance. AF is a serious clinical problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mainly due to stroke and heart failure. Current therapies for AF remain inadequate. AF is characterized by altered atrial function and structure, including electrical and profibrotic remodelling in the atria and ventricles, which facilitates AF progression and hampers its treatment. Although features of this remodelling are well-established and its mechanisms are partly understood, important pathways pertinent to AF arrhythmogenesis are still unidentified. The discovery of these missing pathways has the potential to lead to therapeutic breakthroughs. Endocrine dysfunction is well-recognized to lead to AF. In this review, we discuss endocrine and cardiocrine signalling systems that directly, or as a consequence of an underlying cardiac pathology, contribute to AF pathogenesis. More specifically, we consider the roles of products from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the adrenal glands, adipose tissue, the renin–angiotensin system, atrial cardiomyocytes, and the thyroid gland in controlling atrial electrical and structural properties. The influence of endocrine/paracrine dysfunction on AF risk and mechanisms is evaluated and discussed. We focus on the most recent findings and reflect on the potential of translating them into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aguilar
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology/Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Robert A Rose
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Health Research Innovation Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Abhijit Takawale
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology/Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.,IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Abstract
Inflammation and fibrosis have been implicated in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrosis causes conduction disturbances and is a central component of atrial remodeling in atrial fibrillation. Cardiac fibroblasts, the cells responsible for fibrosis formation, are activated by inflammatory mediators and growth factors associated with systemic inflammatory conditions. Thus, inflammation contributes to atrial fibrosis; the complex interplay of these maladaptive components creates a vicious cycle of atrial remodeling progression, maintaining atrial fibrillation and increasing thrombogenicity. This review provides up-to-date knowledge regarding inflammation and fibrosis in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Harada
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukakecho, Toyoake 4701192, Japan.
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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49
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Abstract
Biomarkers derived from the key components of the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its complications have the potential to play an important role in earlier characterization of AF phenotype and in risk prediction of adverse clinical events, which may translate into improved management strategies. C-reactive protein, natriuretic peptides, cardiac troponins, growth differentiation factor-15, and fibroblast growth factor-23 have been shown to be the most promising biomarkers in AF. Some biomarkers have already been included in clinical risk scores to predict postoperative AF, thromboembolism, major bleeding, and death. Considerably more work is needed to bring these novel biomarkers into routine clinical management of patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dennis H Lau
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
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50
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Abstract
Advances in atrial fibrillation (AF) management, perioperative medicine, and surgical techniques have reignited an interest in postoperative AF (POAF). POAF results from the interaction among subclinical atrial substrate, surgery-induced substrate, and transient postoperative factors. Prophylaxis for POAF after cardiac surgery is well established but the indications for preoperative treatment in noncardiac surgery need further investigation. A rate-control strategy is adequate for most asymptomatic patients with POAF and anticoagulation should be initiated for POAF more than 48 to 72 hours postsurgery. Research is needed to improve evidence-based management of POAF and guide long-term management in view of the substantial late recurrence-rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aguilar
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, 5000 Belanger Street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45122, Germany; IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
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