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Gao Z, Janakiraman H, Xiao Y, Kang SW, Dong J, Choi J, Ogretmen B, Lee HS, Camp ER. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Inhibition Increases Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Enhance Oxaliplatin Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer. World J Oncol 2024; 15:169-180. [PMID: 38545484 PMCID: PMC10965266 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer resistant to current therapies, including oxaliplatin (Oxa). Growing evidence supports the ability of cancers to harness sphingolipid metabolism for survival. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an anti-apoptotic, pro-survival mediator that can influence cellular functions such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesize that PDAC drives dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism and that S1P inhibition can enhance ER stress to improve therapeutic response to Oxa in PDAC. Methods RNA sequencing data of sphingolipid mediators from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) datasets were analyzed. Murine and human PDAC cell lines were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against sphingosine kinase-2 (SPHK2) or ABC294640 (ABC) and incubated with combinations of vehicle control or Oxa. In an orthotopic syngeneic KPC PDAC model, tumors were treated with either vehicle control, Oxa, ABC, or combination therapy. Results RNA sequencing analysis revealed multiple significantly differentially expressed sphingolipid mediators (P < 0.05). In vitro, both siRNA knockdown of SPHK2 and ABC sensitized cells to Oxa therapy (P < 0.05), and induced eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) phosphorylation, hallmarks of ER stress. In vitro therapy also increased extracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release (P < 0.05), necessary for immunogenic cell death (ICD). In vivo combination therapy increased apoptotic markers as well as the intensity of HMGB1 staining compared to control (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our evidence suggests that sphingolipid metabolism is dysregulated in PDAC. Furthermore, S1P inhibition can sensitize PDAC to Oxa therapy through increasing ER stress and can potentiate ICD induction. This highlights a potential therapeutic target for chemosensitizing PDAC as well as an adjunct for future chemoimmunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Gao
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Yang Xiao
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiangling Dong
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jasmine Choi
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ernest Ramsay Camp
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Lauterboeck L, Kang SW, White D, Bao R, Mobasheran P, Yang Q. IF1 Promotes Cellular Proliferation and Inhibits Oxidative Phosphorylation in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts under Normoxia and Hypoxia. Cells 2024; 13:551. [PMID: 38534395 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP synthase inhibitory factor subunit 1 (IF1) is an inhibitory subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, playing a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial respiration and energetics. It is well-established that IF1 interacts with the F1 sector of ATP synthase to inhibit the reversal rotation and, thus, ATP hydrolysis. Recent evidence supports that IF1 also inhibits forward rotation or the ATP synthesis activity. Adding to the complexity, IF1 may also facilitate mitophagy and cristae formation. The implications of these complex actions of IF1 for cellular function remain obscure. In the present study, we found that IF1 expression was markedly upregulated in hypoxic MEFs relative to normoxic MEFs. We investigate how IF1 affects cellular growth and function in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from mouse lines with systemic IF1 overexpression and knockout under normoxia and hypoxia. Cell survival and proliferation analyses revealed that IF1 overexpression exerted limited effects on cellular viability but substantially increased proliferation under normoxia, whereas it facilitated both cellular viability and proliferation under hypoxia. The absence of IF1 may have a pro-survival effect but not a proliferative one in both normoxia and hypoxia. Cellular bioenergetic analyses revealed that IF1 suppressed cellular respiration when subjected to normoxia and was even more pronounced when subjected to hypoxia with increased mitochondrial ATP production. In contrast, IF1 knockout MEFs showed markedly increased cellular respiration under both normoxia and hypoxia with little change in mitochondrial ATP. Glycolytic stress assay revealed that IF1 overexpression modestly increased glycolysis in normoxia and hypoxia. Interestingly, the absence of IF1 in MEFs led to substantial increases in glycolysis. Therefore, we conclude that IF1 mainly inhibits cellular respiration and enhances cellular glycolysis to preserve mitochondrial ATP. On the other hand, IF1 deletion can significantly facilitate cellular respiration and glycolysis without leading to mitochondrial ATP deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Lauterboeck
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Cell Biology, Life Science Solutions, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Frederick, MD 21704, USA
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Donnell White
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Rong Bao
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Parnia Mobasheran
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Gao Z, Azar J, Zhu H, Williams-Perez S, Kang SW, Marginean C, Rubinstein MP, Makawita S, Lee HS, Camp ER. Translational and oncologic significance of tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1324093. [PMID: 38361928 PMCID: PMC10867206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1324093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive tumor with poor survival and limited treatment options. PDAC resistance to immunotherapeutic strategies is multifactorial, but partially owed to an immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TiME). However, the PDAC TiME is heterogeneous and harbors favorable tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) populations. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized aggregates of immune cells that develop within non-lymphoid tissue under chronic inflammation in multiple contexts, including cancers. Our current understanding of their role within the PDAC TiME remains limited; TLS are complex structures with multiple anatomic features such as location, density, and maturity that may impact clinical outcomes such as survival and therapy response in PDAC. Similarly, our understanding of methods to manipulate TLS is an actively developing field of research. TLS may function as anti-tumoral immune niches that can be leveraged as a therapeutic strategy to potentiate both existing chemotherapeutic regimens and potentiate future immune-based therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This review seeks to cover anatomy, relevant features, immune effects, translational significance, and future directions of understanding TLS within the context of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Gao
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joseph Azar
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Huili Zhu
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sophia Williams-Perez
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Celia Marginean
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mark P. Rubinstein
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shalini Makawita
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - E. Ramsay Camp
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Kang SW, Jo HG, Kim D, Jeong K, Lee J, Lee HJ, Yang S, Park S, Rhie SJ, Chung EK. Population pharmacokinetics and model-based dosing optimization of teicoplanin in elderly critically ill patients with pneumonia. J Crit Care 2023; 78:154402. [PMID: 37634293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of teicoplanin in elderly critically ill patients with pneumonia for optimal dosages. METHODS Fifteen critically ill patients (9 men) ≥ 60 years received teicoplanin 6 mg/kg for three doses followed by standard maintenance doses (6 mg/kg q24h) with renal dosing adjustment. Serial plasma samples from all patients were analyzed simultaneously by population pharmacokinetic modeling using NONMEM. Probability of target attainment (PTA) was calculated through Monte Carlo simulations for various dosing regimens to achieve adequate systemic exposures. RESULTS The median (interquartile range, IQR) age, body mass index, and creatinine clearance (CrCl) was 75 (64-78) years, 22.5 (20.8-25.4) kg/m2, and 64 (47-106) mL/min, respectively. The median (IQR) peak and trough concentration was 46.5 (42.7-51.0) and 8.7 (7.2-9.5) mg/L. The population pharmacokinetic model showed slower clearance (CL) and larger peripheral volume of distribution (V2) in patients with reduced CrCl: CL (L/h) = 0.629 × (CrCl/64)0.656, V2 (L) = 55.7 × (CrCl/64)-0.665. Model-based simulations showed PTAs ≥85% only for higher-dose regimens (12 mg/kg) up to an MIC of 0.5 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS Standard teicoplanin dosages for pneumonia may provide inadequate systemic exposures in elderly critically ill patients. High-dose regimens should be considered as empiric therapy or for less susceptible pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Geun Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science (IRIS), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeoul Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science (IRIS), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | - Sandy Jeong Rhie
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Kyoung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science (IRIS), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea.
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Gao Z, Kang SW, Erstad D, Azar J, Van Buren G, Fisher W, Sun Z, Rubinstein MP, Lee HS, Camp ER. Pre-treatment inflamed tumor immune microenvironment is associated with FOLFIRINOX response in pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1274783. [PMID: 38074633 PMCID: PMC10701674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1274783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive tumor with limited response to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Pre-treatment tumor features within the tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) may influence treatment response. We hypothesized that the pre-treatment TiME composition differs between metastatic and primary lesions and would be associated with response to modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) or gemcitabine-based (Gem-based) therapy. Methods Using RNAseq data from a cohort of treatment-naïve, advanced PDAC patients in the COMPASS trial, differential gene expression analysis of key immunomodulatory genes in were analyzed based on multiple parameters including tumor site, response to mFFX, and response to Gem-based treatment. The relative proportions of immune cell infiltration were defined using CIBERSORTx and Dirichlet regression. Results 145 samples were included in the analysis; 83 received mFFX, 62 received Gem-based therapy. Metastatic liver samples had both increased macrophage (1.2 times more, p < 0.05) and increased eosinophil infiltration (1.4 times more, p < 0.05) compared to primary lesion samples. Further analysis of the specific macrophage phenotypes revealed an increased M2 macrophage fraction in the liver samples. The pre-treatment CD8 T-cell, dendritic cell, and neutrophil infiltration of metastatic samples were associated with therapy response to mFFX (p < 0.05), while mast cell infiltration was associated with response to Gem-based therapy (p < 0.05). Multiple immunoinhibitory genes such as ADORA2A, CSF1R, KDR/VEGFR2, LAG3, PDCD1LG2, and TGFB1 and immunostimulatory genes including C10orf54, CXCL12, and TNFSF14/LIGHT were significantly associated with worse survival in patients who received mFFX (p = 0.01). There were no immunomodulatory genes associated with survival in the Gem-based cohort. Discussion Our evidence implies that essential differences in the PDAC TiME exist between primary and metastatic tumors and an inflamed pretreatment TiME is associated with mFFX response. Defining components of the PDAC TiME that influence therapy response will provide opportunities for targeted therapeutic strategies that may need to be accounted for in designing personalized therapy to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Gao
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Derek Erstad
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joseph Azar
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - George Van Buren
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - William Fisher
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zequn Sun
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark P. Rubinstein
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Systems Onco-Immunology Laboratory, David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - E. Ramsay Camp
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Fu T, Kang SW, Song YW, Kim KS. The Cell Wall Integrity MAP Kinase Signaling Pathway Is Required for Development, Pathogenicity, and Stress Adaption of the Pepper Anthracnose Fungus Colletotrichum scovillei. Mycobiology 2023; 51:178-185. [PMID: 37359959 PMCID: PMC10288896 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2220171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathway plays important roles in the dissemination and infection of several plant pathogenic fungi. However, its roles in the pepper fruit anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum scovillei remain uninvestigated. In this study, the major components of the CWI signaling pathway-CsMCK1 (MAPKKK), CsMKK1 (MAPKK), and CsMPS1 (MAPK)-were functionally characterized in C. scovillei via homology-dependent gene replacement. The ΔCsmck1, ΔCsmkk1, and ΔCsmps1 mutants showed impairments in fungal growth, conidiation, and tolerance to CWI and salt stresses. Moreover, ΔCsmck1, ΔCsmkk1, and ΔCsmps1 failed to develop anthracnose disease on pepper fruits due to defects in appressorium formation and invasive hyphae growth. These results suggest that CsMCK1, CsMKK1, and CsMPS1 play important roles in mycelial growth, conidiation, appressorium formation, plant infection, and stress adaption of C. scovillei. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the roles of the CWI signaling pathway in the development of pepper fruit anthracnose disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Fu
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yong-Won Song
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kyoung Su Kim
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Han Y, Byun J, Zhu C, Sun R, Roh JY, Cordell HJ, Lee HS, Shaw VR, Kang SW, Razjouyan J, Cooley MA, Hassan MM, Siminovitch KA, Folseraas T, Ellinghaus D, Bergquist A, Rushbrook SM, Franke A, Karlsen TH, Lazaridis KN, McGlynn KA, Roberts LR, Amos CI. Multitrait genome-wide analyses identify new susceptibility loci and candidate drugs to primary sclerosing cholangitis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1069. [PMID: 36828809 PMCID: PMC9958016 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare autoimmune bile duct disease that is strongly associated with immune-mediated disorders. In this study, we implemented multitrait joint analyses to genome-wide association summary statistics of PSC and numerous clinical and epidemiological traits to estimate the genetic contribution of each trait and genetic correlations between traits and to identify new lead PSC risk-associated loci. We identified seven new loci that have not been previously reported and one new independent lead variant in the previously reported locus. Functional annotation and fine-mapping nominated several potential susceptibility genes such as MANBA and IRF5. Network-based in silico drug efficacy screening provided candidate agents for further study of pharmacological effect in PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghun Han
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Zhu
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia Y Roh
- Department of Pharmacy, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vikram R Shaw
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- David J. Sugarbaker Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Javad Razjouyan
- VA HSR&D, Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Big Data Scientist Training Enhancement Program (BD-STEP), VA Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- VA Quality Scholars Coordinating Center, IQuESt, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew A Cooley
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A Siminovitch
- Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute and Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trine Folseraas
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Annika Bergquist
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Unit of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon M Rushbrook
- Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Konstantinos N Lazaridis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Heo GY, Kim HJ, Kalantar D, Jung CY, Kim HW, Park JT, Chang TI, Yoo TH, Kang SW, Rhee CM, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Han SH. Association between Fiber Intake and Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: The UK Biobank Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:1018-1027. [PMID: 37997724 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary fiber intake is associated with a lower risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. However, it is unknown whether dietary fiber has a beneficial effect on preventing the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS Using the UK Biobank prospective cohort, 110,412 participants who completed at least one dietary questionnaire and had an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio <30 mg/g, and no history of CKD were included. The primary exposure was total dietary fiber density, calculated by dividing the absolute amount of daily total fiber intake by total energy intake (g/1,000 kcal). We separately examined soluble and insoluble fiber densities as additional predictors. The primary outcome was incident CKD based on diagnosis codes. RESULTS A total of 3,507 (3.2%) participants developed incident CKD during a median follow-up of 9.9 years. In a multivariable cause-specific model, the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for incident CKD were 0.85 (0.77-0.94), 0.78 (0.70-0.86), and 0.76 (0.68-0.86), respectively, for the second, third, and highest quartiles of dietary fiber density (reference: lowest quartile). In a continuous model, the aHR for each +∆1.0g/1,000 kcal increase in dietary fiber density was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.99). This pattern of associations was similar for both soluble and insoluble fiber densities and did not differ across subgroups of sex, age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and inflammation. CONCLUSION Increased fiber intake was associated with a lower risk of CKD in this large well-characterized cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Heo
- Seung Hyeok Han, MD, Ph.D. Yonsei University, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea, Phone: 82-2-2228-1984; Fax: 82-2-393-6884; E-mail: , (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7923-5635)
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9
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Lee KH, Gumilang A, Fu T, Kang SW, Kim KS. The Autophagy Protein CsATG8 is Involved in Asexual Development and Virulence in the Pepper Anthracnose Fungus Colletotrichum scovillei. Mycobiology 2022; 50:467-474. [PMID: 36721786 PMCID: PMC9848383 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2022.2148393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy serves as a survival mechanism and plays important role in nutrient recycling under conditions of starvation, nutrient storage, ad differentiation of plant pathogenic fungi. However, autophagy-related genes have not been investigated in Colletotrichum scovillei, a causal agent of pepper fruit anthracnose disease. ATG8 is involved in autophagosome formation and is considered a marker of autophagy. Therefore, we generated an ATG8 deletion mutant, ΔCsatg8, via homologous recombination to determine the functional roles of CsATG8 in the development and virulence of C. scovillei. Compared with the wild-type, the deletion mutant ΔCsatg8 exhibited a severe reduction in conidiation. Conidia produced by ΔCsatg8 were defective in survival, conidial germination, and appressorium formation. Moreover, conidia of ΔCsatg8 showed reduced lipid amount and PTS1 selectivity. A virulence assay showed that anthracnose development on pepper fruits was reduced in ΔCsatg8. Taken together, our results suggest that CsATG8 plays various roles in conidium production and associated development, and virulence in C. scovillei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Ho Lee
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Adiyantara Gumilang
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Teng Fu
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kyoung Su Kim
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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10
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Choi HR, Rodgers S, Tocher J, Kang SW. Nurse's, physician's and family member's experiences of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment process in an intensive care unit. J Clin Nurs 2022. [PMID: 36217241 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore nurse's, physician's and family member's experiences of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in an intensive care unit. BACKGROUND In South Korea, withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment is legalised by the enforcement of the Hospice, Palliative Care and Life-sustaining Treatment Decision-making Act (2018). The Act (2018) is the first legal ground for making decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment in South Korea. DESIGN Focused ethnography. The standards for reporting qualitative research checklist is used. METHODS Interview data are collected between August 2018 and January 2019 using semi-structured interviews with 23 nurses, 10 physicians and four family members in a South Korean intensive care unit. The interview data are analysed following the thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke. RESULTS An overarching theme of 'constructing death' is identified from the experiences of nurses, physicians and family members regarding withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in a South Korean intensive care unit. Family members had the strongest power in the withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment process whilst the process had to be based on medical consideration. All the research participants shared the purpose and motivation of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment as the dying patient's dignity. Due to the South Korean national health insurance system, the relationships between medical staff and family members were driven by customer ideology. CONCLUSION The impact and linkage of the context of familism culture and health insurance with the process of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in South Korea are shown in this research. The findings of this research inspire future studies to uncover the impact of the cultural context in the decision-making process of a patient's death, to explore the dynamics of family members under cultural values and to explore the influence of the healthcare system and medical costs on the relationships between medical staff and family members. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE By integrating the experiences of nurses, physicians and family members, the findings of this study inform the shared values in the context of familism culture and the health insurance system. In particular, understanding family dynamics when a patient's dying and death as a result of withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment informs nurses to provide quality of care in the intensive care setting. Therefore, the findings of this research contribute to distinguishing the priority in care when withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment, rapidly changing the aims of care from the patient's recovery to a dignified death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ri Choi
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sheila Rodgers
- Nursing Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Tocher
- Nursing Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Ng GYQ, Sheng DPLK, Bae HG, Kang SW, Fann DYW, Park J, Kim J, Alli-Shaik A, Lee J, Kim E, Park S, Han JW, Karamyan V, Okun E, Dheen T, Hande MP, Vemuganti R, Mallilankaraman K, Lim LHK, Kennedy BK, Drummond GR, Sobey CG, Gunaratne J, Mattson MP, Foo RSY, Jo DG, Arumugam TV. Integrative epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal metabolic switching by intermittent fasting in brain. GeroScience 2022; 44:2171-2194. [PMID: 35357643 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) remains the most effective intervention to achieve robust anti-aging effects and attenuation of age-related diseases in various species. Epigenetic modifications mediate the biological effects of several environmental factors on gene expression; however, no information is available on the effects of IF on the epigenome. Here, we first found that IF for 3 months caused modulation of H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) in the cerebellum, which in turn orchestrated a plethora of transcriptomic changes involved in robust metabolic switching processes commonly observed during IF. Second, a portion of both the epigenomic and transcriptomic modulations induced by IF was remarkably preserved for at least 3 months post-IF refeeding, indicating that memory of IF-induced epigenetic changes was maintained. Notably, though, we found that termination of IF resulted in a loss of H3K9me3 regulation of the transcriptome. Collectively, our study characterizes the novel effects of IF on the epigenetic-transcriptomic axis, which controls myriad metabolic processes. The comprehensive analyses undertaken in this study reveal a molecular framework for understanding how IF impacts the metabolo-epigenetic axis of the brain and will serve as a valuable resource for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong-Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Han-Gyu Bae
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Yang-Wei Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinsu Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonki Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Asfa Alli-Shaik
- Translational Biomedical Proteomics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeongmi Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung-Whan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Vardan Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Eitan Okun
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-IIan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manoor Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Karthik Mallilankaraman
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lina H K Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Buck Institute for Research On Aging, Novato, USA
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jayantha Gunaratne
- Translational Biomedical Proteomics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roger Sik-Yin Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Centre for Translational Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health Systems, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. .,Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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12
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Song SY, Kang SW, Cho SH, Heo SJ, Cho MG, Park YJ, Oh SH, Jung GH, Kim DH. Effects of Location and Volume of Intraosseous Cement on Adjacent Level of Osteoporotic Spine Undergoing Kyphoplasty: Finite Element Analysis. World Neurosurg 2022; 162:e73-e85. [PMID: 35202877 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kyphoplasty (KP) is a surgery used to reduce pain and increase stability by injecting medical bone cement into broken vertebrae. The purpose of this study was to determine the ideal amount of cement and injection site by analyzing forces with the finite element method. METHODS We modeled the anatomical structure of the vertebra and injected the cement at T12. By increasing the amount of cement from 1 cc to 22 cc, stress applied to T11 and L1 cortical was calculated. In addition, stress applied to the adjacent KP level was calculated with different injection sites (medial, anterosuperior, posterosuperior, anteroinferior, and posteroinferior). After 5 cc cement was inserted, adjacent end plate stress was analyzed. RESULTS In this study, break point adjacent bone stress according to the capacity of cement was bimodal. Flexion/extension and lateral bending conditions showed similar break points (11.5-11.7 cc and 18.5-18.6 cc, respectively). When cement injection was changed, front under and back under had the highest stress values among various parts, whereas the center position showed the lowest stress value. CONCLUSIONS With increasing amount of bone cement, stress on the upper and lower end plates of the cemented segment increased significantly. Thus, increasing cement amount to be more than 11.5 cc has a potential risk of adjacent fracture. Centrally injected bone cement can lower the risk of adjacent fracture after percutaneous KP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Youn Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Precision Mechanical Process and Control R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hee Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Joon Heo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Goo Cho
- Precision Mechanical Process and Control R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Park
- The 20th Armored Brigade, Hongcheon-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Heang Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu-Hee Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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Yoon J, Yug JS, Ki DY, Yoon JE, Kang SW, Chung EK. Characterization of Medication Errors in a Medical Intensive Care Unit of a University Teaching Hospital in South Korea. J Patient Saf 2022; 18:1-8. [PMID: 34951606 DOI: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to characterize the current status of medication errors (MEs) throughout the medication therapy process from prescribing to use and monitoring in a medical intensive care unit (MICU) in Korea. METHODS Four trained research pharmacists collected data through retrospectively reviewing electronic medical records for adults hospitalized in the MICU in 2017. The occurrence of MEs was determined through interprofessional team discussion led by an academic faculty pharmacist and a medical intensivist based on the medication administration records (MARs). The type of MEs and the consequent ME-related outcome severity were categorized according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe and the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention, respectively. RESULTS Overall, electronic medical records for 293 patients with 78,761 MARs were reviewed in this study. At least one type of ME occurred in 271 patients (92.5%) in association with 16,203 MARs (21%), primarily caused by inappropriate dose (35.5%), drug (27.8%), and treatment duration (25.1%). Clinically significant harmful events occurred in 24 patients (8%), including life-threatening (n = 5) and death (n = 2) cases. The 2 patients died of enoxaparin-induced fatal hemorrhage and neutropenia associated with ganciclovir and cefepime. Antibiotics were the most common culprit medications leading to clinically significant harmful events. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, MEs are prevalent in the MICU in Korea, most commonly prescribing errors. Although mostly benign, harmful events including deaths may occur due to MEs, mainly associated with antibiotics. Systematic strategies to minimize these potentially fatal MEs are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji Seob Yug
- From the Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Dae Yun Ki
- From the Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | | | - Sung Wook Kang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Lee H, Kang SW, Jeong H, Kwon JT, Kim YO, Kim HJ. Alteration in Cngb1 Expression upon Maternal Immune Activation in a Mouse Model and Its Possible Association with Schizophrenia Susceptibility. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2021; 19:618-627. [PMID: 34690117 PMCID: PMC8553526 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2021.19.4.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective The cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (Cng) regulates synaptic efficacy in brain neurons by modulating Ca2+ levels in response to changes in cyclic nucleotide concentrations. This study investigated whether the expression of Cng channel, cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit beta 1 (Cngb1) exhibited any relationship with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia in an animal model and whether genetic polymorphisms of the human gene were associated with the progression of schizophrenia in a Korean population. Methods We investigated whether Cngb1 expression was related to psychiatric disorders in a mouse model of schizophrenia induced by maternal immune activation. A case-control study was conducted of 275 schizophrenia patients and 410 controls with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5′-near region of CNGB1. Results Cngb1 expression was decreased in the prefrontal cortex in the mouse model. Furthermore, the genotype frequency of a SNP (rs3756314) of CNGB1 was associated with the risk of schizophrenia. Conclusion Our results suggest that CNGB1 might be associated with schizophrenia susceptibility and maternal immune activation. Consequently, it is hypothesized that CNGB1 may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwayoung Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hyeonjung Jeong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jun-Tack Kwon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Young Ock Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hak-Jae Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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15
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Nam KH, Kang HK, Lee SS, Park SH, Kang SW, Hwang JJ, Park SY, Kim WY, Suh HJ, Kim EY, Seo GJ, Koh Y, Hong SB, Huh JW, Lim CM. Effects of high-flow nasal cannula in patients with mild to moderate hypercapnia: a prospective observational study. Acute Crit Care 2021; 36:249-255. [PMID: 34311516 PMCID: PMC8435442 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2020.01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence for using high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in hypercapnia is still limited. Most of the clinical studies had been conducted retrospectively, and there had been conflicting reports for the effects of HFNC on hypercapnia correction in prospective studies. Therefore, more evidence is needed to understand the effect of the HFNC in hypercapnia. Methods We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study after applying HFNC to 45 hospitalized subjects who had moderate hypercapnia (arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [PaCO2], 43–70 mm Hg) without severe respiratory acidosis (pH <7.30). The primary outcome was a change in PaCO2 level in the first 24 hours of HFNC use. The secondary outcomes were changes in other parameters of arterial blood gas analysis, changes in respiration rates, and clinical outcomes. Results There was a significant decrease in PaCO2 in the first hour of HFNC application (-3.80 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, -6.35 to -1.24; P<0.001). Reduction of PaCO2 was more prominent in subjects who did not have underlying obstructive lung disease. There was a correction in pH, but no significant changes in respiratory rate, bicarbonate, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio. Mechanical ventilation was not required for 93.3% (42/45) of our study population. Conclusions We suggest that HFNC could be a safe alternative for oxygen delivery in hypercapnia patients who do not need immediate mechanical ventilation. With HFNC oxygenation, correction of hypercapnia could be expected, especially in patients who do not have obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hun Nam
- Department of Medicine, Ajou University Intermediate Care Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyung Koo Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Soon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - So-Hee Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jea Jun Hwang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Pulmonology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Young Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Suh
- Intensive Care Nursing Team, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Intensive Care Nursing Team, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Jin Seo
- Intensive Care Nursing Team, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Younsuck Koh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Won Huh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae-Man Lim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim N, Lee HN, Kim JI, Shin SY, Kang SW. Case report of tracheobronchial injuries after acid ingestion: CT findings with serial follow-up: Airway complication after acid ingestion. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23586. [PMID: 33327320 PMCID: PMC7738082 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Tracheobronchial injury from acid ingestion is a less reported clinical presentation than injury of the gastrointestinal tract, but it can occur due to direct exposure from acid aspiration and cause fatal complications. PATIENT CONCERNS A 43-year-old man presented to the emergency department after ingesting nitric acid complaining of chest pain and dyspnea. DIAGNOSES The initial chest computed tomography (CT) images revealed an acute lung injury related to acid aspiration. The follow-up chest CT showed acute and late tracheobronchial injures. INTERVENTIONS Bronchoscopy showed deep caustic airway injuries consisting of hemorrhage, sloughing of the mucosa, and ulceration of the trachea and left-side bronchial tree. OUTCOMES Progressive narrowing of the left main bronchus with total collapse of the left lung occurred as a late complication of acid ingestion. LESSONS Tracheobronchial injury should be considered in cases of aspiration pneumonia after acid ingestion; chest CT can be used to detect and assess acute and late complications of tracheobronchial injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nokjung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Han Na Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jung Im Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - So Youn Shin
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee DK, Kang SW, Kim HK, Kim HS, Kim H. Effect of sugammadex on chest radiographic abnormality in the early postoperative period after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:1236-1246. [PMID: 32366060 PMCID: PMC7491306 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2001-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Sugammadex, which offsets the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBs), has advantages over traditional reversal agents like pyridostigmine, as it enables fast and reliable recovery from neuromuscular blockade. This study compared the incidence of early postoperative chest radiographic abnormalities (CRA) between sugammadex (group S) and pyridostigmine (group P) following video-assisted thoracoscopic (VAT) lobectomy for lung cancer. Materials and methods We performed a retrospective cohort analysis by reviewing the medical records of patients who underwent VAT lobectomy at a single university medical center. We defined the early postoperative CRA as a characteristic appearance on chest radiograph up to 2 days after surgery. Arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA), surgical time, anaesthesia time, extubation time, and the total dose of rocuronium were analysed. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pain scores were observed until 2 days after surgery. Results A total of 257 patients underwent VAT lobectomy during the study period; 159 were included in the final analysis. Ninety patients received sugammadex while 69 received pyridostigmine. The incidence of early postoperative atelectasis was significantly lower in group S than in group P (26.7%, 95% CI: 17.5%‒35.8% and 43.5%, 95% CI: 31.8%‒55.2%, respectively, P = 0.013). The median dose of rocuronium was higher in group S than in group P (120 mg vs. 90 mg, P < 0.001). ABGA, extubation time, and PONV were similar in both groups. Conclusion Sugammadex decreased the incidence of CRA in the early postoperative period despite higher NMB consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nowon Chuck Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Koo Kim
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heezoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Udawatte NS, Kang SW, Wang Y, Arumugam TV, Seneviratne CJ. Predictive Nephrotoxicity Profiling of a Novel Antifungal Small Molecule in Comparison to Amphotericin B and Voriconazole. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:511. [PMID: 32390849 PMCID: PMC7193989 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Candida albicans is the major fungal species associated with superficial mucosal infections such as oral candidiasis as well as systemic mycoses with high morbidity and mortality. On top of the rising drug resistance, currently available antifungal agents have significant adverse effects. Nephrotoxicity is the major treatment complication associated with antifungal agents.Recently, we discovered a novel antifungal small molecule SM21 with promising antifungal activity. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the in vivo and in vitro nephrotoxicity of SM21 comparing with Amphotericin B and voriconazole. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Nephrotoxicity of SM21 and its analogue were comparatively evaluated with Amphotericin B (AmB) and voriconazole. Immortalized human kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2) were used for in vitro analysis of nephrotoxicity using cytotoxicity assays and qPCR gene expression analysis (Kim-1/HAVcr-1, CASP3). Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model was used to evaluate the nephrotoxicity in vivo using classical (SCr and BUN) and next-generation kidney injury urinary biomarkers (Kim-1, CLU, ALB, NGAL, β2M, and Cys C) alongside histopathological and immunohistochemical standards. KEY RESULTS AmB treatment showed a stronger cytotoxic impact on HK-2 viability and gene expression of cell death markers (Kim-1/HAVcr-1, CASP3) compared with SM21 and SM21 analogue in vitro (P < 0.01). In vivo data further demonstrated that SM21 did not significantly increase classical as well as novel nephrotoxic biomarkers, and minimal renal tubular necrosis and abnormalities were observed (15 mg kg-1 BW/day). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS SM21 had a significantly better safety profile in terms of nephrotoxicity with no major tubular epithelial abnormalities observed in kidney cells and no augmentation of kidney injury biomarkers compared to AmB. Kim-1 and CLU were the most sensitive biomarkers for detection of AmB-induced kidney damage. Future clinical trials should consider inclusion of these novel biomarkers as early indicators of acute kidney injury in antifungal-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeeka S. Udawatte
- National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chaminda J. Seneviratne
- National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Yoon J, Kang SW, Shim WS, Lee JK, Jang DK, Gu N, Kim SK, Lee KT, Chung EK. Quantification of metronidazole in human bile fluid and plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1138:121959. [PMID: 31911204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a highly selective, sensitive, and validated method for quantifying metronidazole in human plasma and bile fluid. Metronidazole and metronidazole-d4 (internal standard) were extracted from 100 μL of plasma and bile fluid by liquid-liquid extraction. Liquid chromatography with a Hydrosphere C18 column (50 × 2.0 mm) was performed using 10 mM ammonium formate (pH 4.0) and acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) as the mobile phase. Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was operated with an electrospray ionization interface in multiple reaction monitoring and positive ion modes. The calibration curves were linear for bile and plasma samples over the range of 50-20,000 ng/mL (r2 > 0.999). The intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation (CVs) for plasma ranged from 2.50% to 7.85% and 3.11% to 16.9%, respectively; for bile, the intra-and inter-run precision (CVs) ranged from 2.76% to 13.2% and 3.16% to 11.5%, respectively. The mean extraction recovery for metronidazole ranged from 76.5% to 82.1% in plasma and from 78.8% to 87.8% in bile, respectively. Our proposed analytical method was successfully applied to determine metronidazole concentrations in bile as well as in plasma at multiple time points in a patient with acute cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, South Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, South Korea
| | - Wang-Seob Shim
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jun Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, South Korea
| | - Dong Kee Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, South Korea
| | - Namyi Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, South Korea; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Dongguk University Clinical Trial Center, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, South Korea
| | - Sae Kyul Kim
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Kyung Hee Drug Analysis Center, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
| | - Eun Kyoung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, South Korea.
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20
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Kang SW, Park JH, Kim SH, Seo DC, Ok YS, Cho JS. Establishment of optimal barley straw biochar application conditions for rice cultivation in a paddy field. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:1793-1803. [PMID: 28845510 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-0009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to establish the optimal application conditions of barley straw biochar (BC) for rice cultivation and to determine the effects of combined application of BC and inorganic fertilizer (IF) on rice cultivation in a paddy field. Based on the characteristics of rice growth in pot-based experiments, the selected optimal application conditions of BC were application of 20 ton ha-1 at 14 days before rice transplanting. The effects of BC application on rice cultivation in a paddy field when using those conditions were then evaluated. Each treatment was separated by a control (Cn), IF, BC, and combined BC + IF treatments, respectively. The rice yields in the BC + IF treatment were 38.6, 21.7, and 24.5% greater than those in the Cn, IF, and BC treatments, respectively. In addition, yield components of rice were significantly improved in the BC + IF treatment relative to the other treatments. Following rice harvest, soil status was improved, showing greater soil aggregation stability, decreased bulk density, and increased porosity in the BC-treated areas compared to those in the Cn- and IF-treated areas. At the time of rice harvesting, soil chemical properties such as pH, EC, SOC, TN, Avail. P2O5, and CEC in the BC-treated areas were improved over those in other areas. The results of this study indicate that using BC as a soil amendment is effective at improving rice cultivation and can benefit the soil environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kang
- Department of Bio-environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Park
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - S H Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - D C Seo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Ok
- O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) and Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Cho
- Department of Bio-environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Kim J, Selvaraji S, Kang SW, Lee WT, Chen CLH, Choi H, Koo EH, Jo DG, Leong Lim K, Lim YA, Arumugam TV. Cerebral transcriptome analysis reveals age-dependent progression of neuroinflammation in P301S mutant tau transgenic male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:344-357. [PMID: 30980950 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein, tau, can lead to neurofibrillary tangle formation in neurons and glia which is the hallmark of tauopathy. The cellular damage induced by the formation of neurofibrillary tangles leads to neuroinflammation and consecutive neuronal death. However, detailed observation of transcriptomic changes under tauopathy together with the comparison of age-dependent progression of neuroinflammatory gene expressions mediated by tau overexpression is required. Employing RNA sequencing on PS19 transgenic mice that overexpress human mutant tau harboring the P301S mutation, we have examined the effects of age-dependent tau overexpression on transcriptomic changes of immune and inflammatory responses in the cerebral cortex. Compared to age-matched wild type control, P301S transgenic mice exhibit significant transcriptomic alterations. We have observed age-dependent neuroinflammatory gene expression changes in both wild type and P301S transgenic mice where tau overexpression further promoted the expression of neuroinflammatory genes in 10-month old P301S transgenic mice. Moreover, functional gene network analyses (gene ontology and pathway enrichment) and prospective target protein interactions predicted the potential involvement of multiple immune and inflammatory pathways that may contribute to tau-mediated neuronal pathology. Our current study on P301S transgenic mice model revealed for the first time, the differences of gene expression patterns in both early and late stage of tau pathology in cerebral cortex. Our analyses also revealed that tau overexpression alone induces multiple inflammatory and immune transcriptomic changes and may provide a roadmap to elucidate the targets of anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategy focused on tau pathology and related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonki Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sharmelee Selvaraji
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Thye Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher Li-Hsian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Hyungwon Choi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore
| | - Edward H Koo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kah Leong Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun-An Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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22
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Jung GB, Kang SW, Lee GJ, Kim D. Biochemical Characterization of the Brain Hippocampal Areas after Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Using Raman Spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc 2018; 72:1479-1486. [PMID: 29893134 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818776627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is one of the most common neurodegenerative conditions characterized by cerebral infarction, death of the brain tissue, and loss of brain function. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is the tissue damage caused when blood supply begins to the tissue after a period of ischemia or poor oxygen supply. In this study, we preliminarily investigated the biochemical changes in the brain hippocampal area, CA1, resulting from ischemia reperfusion and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor treatment in rats using Raman spectroscopy. A drastic spectral change was observed in the ischemia-reperfusion brain tissue; a strong dependency between the intensity of certain Raman bands was observed at the amide positions of 1276 and 1658 cm-1 and at the lipid positions of 1300 and 1438 cm-1. The spectrum of nNOS inhibitor-treated brain tissue was similar to that of the normal brain tissue, indicating that the nNOS inhibitor could protect the brain against excessive production of NO and biochemical processes dependent on it. Principal component analysis (PCA) precisely identified three classes of tissues: normal; ischemic; and nNOS inhibitor-treated. Therefore, we suggest that quantitative analysis of the changes in the brain tissue by using Raman spectroscopy with multivariate statistical technique could be effective for evaluating neuronal injury and drug effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Bok Jung
- 1 Department of Physics Education, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- 2 Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gi-Ja Lee
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- 4 Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Myongji University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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23
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Kim JE, Yang JH, Lee MK, Suh SW, Kang SW. Cervical Myelopathy Secondary to Metallic Irritation of the Dura Mater Following Insertion of a Spinal Cord Stimulator in a Patient with Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament. Pain Med 2018; 19:631-634. [PMID: 29025152 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Pain Clinic Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Scoliosis Research Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Kyoung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Suh
- Department of Orthopedics, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Nagarajan G, Jurkevich A, Kang SW, Kuenzel WJ. Anatomical and functional implications of corticotrophin-releasing hormone neurones in a septal nucleus of the avian brain: an emphasis on glial-neuronal interaction via V1a receptors in vitro. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28614607 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that corticotrophin-releasing hormone immunoreactive (CRH-IR) neurones in a septal structure are associated with stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in birds. In the present study, we focused upon CRH-IR neurones located within the septal structure called the nucleus of the hippocampal commissure (NHpC). Immunocytochemical and gene expression analyses were used to identify the anatomical and functional characteristics of cells within the NHpC. A comparative morphometry analysis showed that CRH-IR neurones in the NHpC were significantly larger than CRH-IR parvocellular neurones in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and lateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Furthermore, these large neurones in the NHpC usually have more than two processes, showing characteristics of multipolar neurones. Utilisation of an organotypic slice culture method enabled testing of how CRH-IR neurones could be regulated within the NHpC. Similar to the PVN, CRH mRNA levels in the NHpC were increased following forskolin treatment. However, dexamethasone decreased forskolin-induced CRH gene expression only in the PVN and not in the NHpC, indicating differential inhibitory mechanisms in the PVN and the NHpC of the avian brain. Moreover, immunocytochemical evidence also showed that CRH-IR neurones reside in the NHpC along with the vasotocinergic system, comprising arginine vasotocin (AVT) nerve terminals and immunoreactive vasotocin V1a receptors (V1aR) in glia. Hence, we hypothesised that AVT acts as a neuromodulator within the NHpC to modulate activity of CRH neurones via glial V1aR. Gene expression analysis of cultured slices revealed that AVT treatment increased CRH mRNA levels, whereas a combination of AVT and a V1aR antagonist treatment decreased CRH mRNA expression. Furthermore, an attempt to identify an intercellular mechanism in glial-neuronal communication in the NHpC revealed that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor (TrkB) could be involved in the signalling mechanism. Immunocytochemical results further showed that both BDNF and TrkB receptors were found in glia of the NHpC. Interestingly, in cultured brain slices containing the NHpC, the use of a selective TrkB antagonist decreased the AVT-induced increase in CRH gene expression levels. The results from the present study collectively suggest that CRH neuronal activity is modulated by AVT via V1aR involving BDNF and TrkB glia in the NHpC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Nagarajan
- The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - A Jurkevich
- Molecular Cytology Research Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - S W Kang
- The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - W J Kuenzel
- The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Park MS, Kim SK, Park HJ, Seok H, Kang SW, Lee SH, Kim YG, Moon JY, Kim TH, Kim YH, Kang SW, Chung JH, Jeong KH. Association Studies of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Gene Polymorphisms With Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplantation Recipients. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:1012-1017. [PMID: 28583517 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) belong to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of proteins. This study was performed to evaluate the association of BMP gene polymorphisms with acute renal allograft rejection (AR) and graft dysfunction (GD) in Koreans. METHODS Three hundred thirty-one patients who had kidney transplantation procedures were recruited. Transplantation outcomes were determined in terms of AR and GD criteria. We selected six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs1979855 (5' near gene), rs1049007 (Ser87Ser), rs235767 (intron), rs1005464 (intron), rs235768 (Arg190Ser), and rs3178250 (3; untranslated region). RESULTS Among the six SNPs tested, the rs235767, rs1005464, and rs3178250 SNPs were significantly associated with AR (P < .05). The rs1049007 and rs235768 SNPs also showed an association with GD (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these results suggest that the BMP2 gene polymorphism may be related to the development of AR and GD in kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-S Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Park
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Seok
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, In Je University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, In Je University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, In Je University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - K H Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee HJ, Kim TH, Kang SW, Kim YH, Kim SK, Chung JH, Kim YG, Moon JY, Lee SH, Ihm CG, Lee TW, Jeong KH. Association Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-4 Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Acute Rejection and Graft Dysfunction After Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:813-9. [PMID: 27234743 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine genotypes have previously been studied in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation; certain polymorphisms have been implicated in the development of acute rejection (AR) and graft dysfunction (GD). Allograft outcomes determined, in part, by alloimmune responses is mainly mediated by T-cell responses, activated and driven by cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is one such cytokine, which exerts its biological effects through binding to the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) complex on target cells. In the present study, we investigated whether polymorphisms of the IL-4 and/or IL-4R gene were associated with susceptibility to acute AR and GD after kidney transplantation. METHODS We analyzed 2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of IL-4 (rs2243250 and rs2070874) and 3 SNPs of IL-4R (rs1801275, rs2107356, and rs1805010) in 344 kidney transplant recipients. These patients included 62 of whom had developed AR and 215 of whom had GD in 1 year after kidney transplantation. RESULTS The AR group included 62 patients (45 men and 17 women). There was a statistically significant difference in the male-to-female ratio and the use of tacrolimus in the AR group. The GD group included 215 patients. Patients who developed GD were more likely to be older and have an underlying cause of end-stage renal disease that was unknown compared with patients who did not have GD, the cause of which was typically known. Among the SNPs examined, 1 of the SNPs in the IL-4R gene (ie, rs1801275) showed a statistical association with AR (co-dominant model, P = .061; dominant model, P = .019; and log-addictive model, P = .029). In addition, 1 of the IL-4R SNPs (ie, rs2107356) was statistically associated with GD (dominant model, P = .034). No significant difference in the IL-4 genotype was observed between the AR/GD and non-AR/non-GD subjects. CONCLUSIONS One IL-4R gene polymorphism (rs1801275) was associated with AR. In addition, a separate IL-4R SNP (rs2107356) was statistically associated with GD after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C G Ihm
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim YS, Lim BG, Kang SW, Lee SH, Lee W, Lee IO. Assessment of chloral hydrate-centered pediatric sedation performed by non-anesthesiologists. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2016. [DOI: 10.17085/apm.2016.11.4.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Sung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Gun Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Hyun Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonjoon Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Ok Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kang H, Choi HJ, Kang SW, Shin SE, Choi GS, Bae DH. Multi-functional magnesium alloys containing interstitial oxygen atoms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23184. [PMID: 26976372 PMCID: PMC4791639 DOI: 10.1038/srep23184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A new class of magnesium alloys has been developed by dissolving large amounts of oxygen atoms into a magnesium lattice (Mg-O alloys). The oxygen atoms are supplied by decomposing titanium dioxide nanoparticles in a magnesium melt at 720 °C; the titanium is then completely separated out from the magnesium melt after solidification. The dissolved oxygen atoms are located at the octahedral sites of magnesium, which expand the magnesium lattice. These alloys possess ionic and metallic bonding characteristics, providing outstanding mechanical and functional properties. A Mg-O-Al casting alloy made in this fashion shows superior mechanical performance, chemical resistance to corrosion, and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, a similar Mg-O-Zn wrought alloy shows high elongation to failure (>50%) at room temperature, because the alloy plastically deforms with only multiple slips in the sub-micrometer grains (<300 nm) surrounding the larger grains (~15 μm). The metal/non-metal interstitial alloys are expected to open a new paradigm in commercial alloy design.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - H J Choi
- Department of Advanced Material Engineering, Kookmin University,77 Jeongneung-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-702, Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - S E Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - G S Choi
- Gangwon Research Institute Technology Research Center, 290 Daejeon-dong, Gangneung, 210-340 Korea
| | - D H Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
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Abstract
Caspases (CASP) are intracellular proteases that play roles as mediators of apoptosis. Activation of caspase 3 is enhanced in chronic periodontitis. Thus, we hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CASP genes might be associated with this condition in the Korean population. To investigate whether such polymorphisms might be involved in the development of periodontal disease, 51 patients and 33 control subjects were assessed. A total of 201 CASP gene SNPs were analyzed with genotypes being determined using and Axiom(TM) genome-wide human assay. SNPStats and SPSS 18.0 were used for the analysis of genetic data and logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and P values. Of the 201 SNPs, only three (rs12108497, rs4647602, and rs113420705, all in the CASP3 gene) were significantly associated with chronic periodontitis (P < 0.05). The minor allele frequencies of these SNPs were higher in the patient group than in the control group. In addition, the TC and GT haplotypes formed by rs4647602 and rs113420705 were found to be associated with chronic this disease (TC haplotype, P = 0.0039; GT haplotype, P = 0.002). These results suggest that CASP3 gene polymorphisms may be associated with susceptibility to periodontal disease in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kang
- Kohwang Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Ban
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.,Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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Park SJ, Oh SH, Kang MS, Kim TH, Kang SW, Yoon YC, Kim YH. Reuse of a previously transplanted kidney from a deceased donor using Luminex virtual crossmatching: a case report. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:2083-5. [PMID: 25131112 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is the most desired modality of renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We have attempted to expand the organ donor pool through several methods, including the use of expanded donor criteria. Although previously transplanted kidneys are rarely reused, they can be suitable for transplantation into patients in need. We report a case of successful reuse of a previously transplanted kidney from a deceased donor by means of Luminex virtual crossmatching with the first donor and actual crossmatching with the second donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Park
- Organ Transplantation Center, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Oh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Kang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y C Yoon
- Organ Transplantation Center, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Organ Transplantation Center, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SK, Chung JH, Park HJ, Kang SW, Lim DJ, Byun SH, Baek DG, Ko HY, Lew BL, Baik HH, Sim WY. Polymorphisms in the promoter regions of the CXCL1 and CXCL2 genes contribute to increased risk of alopecia areata in the Korean population. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:9667-74. [PMID: 26345899 DOI: 10.4238/2015.august.14.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common disease, which causes hair loss in humans. AA has a genetically complex inheritance. This study investigated the possible correlations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter regions of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha) (CXCL1) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) genes and the development of AA in the Korean population. Two hundred and thirty-five AA patients and 240 control subjects were recruited. The specific SNPs occurring in the promoter regions of the CXCL1 and CXCL2 genes (rs3117604, -429C/T and rs3806792, -264T/C, respectively) were genotyped. All data obtained was evaluated using the SNPStats, SPSS 18.0, and the Haploview v.4.2 software platforms. The Odd's ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and P values were calculated using multiple logistic regression models. Analyses of the genetic sequences obtained revealed a significant correlation between the two SNPs and the development of AA (rs3117604, P = 0.0009 in co-dominant model 1, P = 0.01 in co-dominant model 2, P = 0.004 in the dominant model, P = 0.005 in the log-additive model, P = 0.012 in allele distribution; rs3806792, P = 0.036 in co-dominant model 2, P = 0.0046 in the log-additive model). The TT and CC haplotypes were also observed to show a significant association with increased risk of AA (TT haplotype, P = 0.0018; CC haplotype, P = 0.0349). Our data suggests that the CXCL1 and CXCL2 genes may be associated with AA susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Park
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D-J Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Byun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D G Baek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B-L Lew
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H H Baik
- Department of Dermatology, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee DK, Lim SH, Lim BG, Kang SW, Kim H. Management of traumatic pneumothorax with massive air leakage: role of a bronchial blocker: a case report. Korean J Anesthesiol 2014; 67:354-7. [PMID: 25473467 PMCID: PMC4252350 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2014.67.5.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive air leakage through a lacerated lung produces inadequate ventilation and hypoxemia. Tube exchange from a single to double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT), and lung separation to maintain oxygenation, are challenging for seriously injured patients. In this case report, we aim to describe how a bronchial blocker (BB) makes it easier to perform a lung separation in this situation; it also increases the overall safety of the procedure. A 35-year-old female (163 cm, 47 kg) suffered from blunt chest trauma due to a traffic accident; the accident caused right-sided lung laceration with massive air leakage. Paradoxically, positive ventilation worsened SaO2 and leakage increased through a chest tube. We introduced BB while the patient was still awake: Left-side one-lung ventilation (OLV) was established and anesthesia was induced. After PaO2 was maximized with OLV, we changed the endotracheal tube to DLT without a hypoxic event. By BB placement, we maintained PaO2 at a secure level, conducted mechanical ventilation and exchanged the tube without deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Gun Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heezoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JH, Kang SW, Lee EJ, Kim J, Kim SJ, Ahn J. Temporal changes in foveal contour after macular hole surgery. Eye (Lond) 2014; 28:1355-63. [PMID: 25233817 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2014.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the changes in inner foveal contour after surgery for macular hole (MH) and its clinical implications. METHODS This retrospective observational case series included 66 eyes from 66 patients who underwent surgery for MH. Notching of tissue was defined as an abrupt alteration in the inner contour of the parafoveal tissue based on postoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) image. The distance between the parafoveal edges of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) was defined as the inter-OPL distance. The inter-OPL distance was divided into nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior lengths. The difference in the lengths of each direction between the early and late postoperative period was compared between directions with and without notching. RESULTS The early and late postoperative examination was performed at 4.6±2.9 weeks and 6.2±0.6 months, respectively. Notching of tissue was noted in 54 eyes (81.8%). In 53 eyes with a measurable inter-OPL distance, the notching of tissue was noted in 45 eyes (84.9%) regardless of preoperative MH size. The mean amount of foveal tissue elongation that occurred during the designated period was 104.6±68.8 and 78.4±72.9 μm in the directions with and without the notching of tissue (P<0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The changes in the inner foveal contour, including notching of tissue and elongation of foveal tissue, were noted in the majority of eyes after MH surgery. Notching of tissue on OCT image could be a clinical marker for the development of foveal tissue elongation after MH surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E J Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Duong T, Park K, Kim T, Kang SW, Hahn MJ, Hwang HY, Jang I, Oh HB, Kim KK. Structural and functional characterization of an Isd-type haem-degradation enzyme from Listeria monocytogenes. Corrigendum. Acta Cryst D Biol Crystallogr 2014. [DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714007391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The author list in Duonget al.[(2014).Acta Cryst.D70, 615–626] is corrected.
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35
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Hur W, Lee JJ, Kim J, Kang SW, Lee IO, Lee MK, Choi SS. Spontaneous air reduction of vertebra plana with Kummell's disease during vertebroplasty: subsequent experience with an intentional trial. Pain Med 2014; 15:1240-2. [PMID: 24716992 DOI: 10.1111/pme.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wonseok Hur
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Duong T, Park K, Kim T, Kang SW, Hahn MJ, Hwang HY, Kim KK. Structural and functional characterization of an Isd-type haem-degradation enzyme fromListeria monocytogenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:615-26. [DOI: 10.1107/s1399004713030794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens have evolved diverse types of efficient machinery to acquire haem, the most abundant source of iron in the human body, and degrade it for the utilization of iron. Gram-positive bacteria commonly encode IsdG-family proteins as haem-degrading monooxygenases.Listeria monocytogenesis predicted to possess an IsdG-type protein (Lmo2213), but the residues involved in haem monooxygenase activity are not well conserved and there is an extra N-terminal domain in Lmo2213. Therefore, its function and mechanism of action cannot be predicted. In this study, the crystal structure of Lmo2213 was determined at 1.75 Å resolution and its haem-binding and haem-degradation activities were confirmed. Structure-based mutational and functional assays of this protein, designated as an Isd-typeL. monocytogeneshaem-degrading enzyme (Isd-LmHde), identified that Glu71, Tyr87 and Trp129 play important roles in haem degradation and that the N-terminal domain is also critical for its haem-degrading activity. The haem-degradation product of Isd-LmHde is verified to be biliverdin, which is also known to be the degradation product of other bacterial haem oxygenases. This study, the first structural and functional report of the haem-degradation system inL. monocytogenes, sheds light on the concealed haem-utilization system in this life-threatening human pathogen.
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Kim T, Duong T, Wu CA, Choi J, Lan N, Kang SW, Lokanath NK, Shin D, Hwang HY, Kim KK. Structural insights into the molecular mechanism of Escherichia coli SdiA, a quorum-sensing receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:694-707. [PMID: 24598739 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004713032355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli SdiA is a quorum-sensing (QS) receptor that responds to autoinducers produced by other bacterial species to control cell division and virulence. Crystal structures reveal that E. coli SdiA, which is composed of an N-terminal ligand-binding domain and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD), forms a symmetrical dimer. Although each domain shows structural similarity to other QS receptors, SdiA differs from them in the relative orientation of the two domains, suggesting that its ligand-binding and DNA-binding functions are independent. Consistently, in DNA gel-shift assays the binding affinity of SdiA for the ftsQP2 promoter appeared to be insensitive to the presence of autoinducers. These results suggest that autoinducers increase the functionality of SdiA by enhancing the protein stability rather than by directly affecting the DNA-binding affinity. Structural analyses of the ligand-binding pocket showed that SdiA cannot accommodate ligands with long acyl chains, which was corroborated by isothermal titration calorimetry and thermal stability analyses. The formation of an intersubunit disulfide bond that might be relevant to modulation of the DNA-binding activity was predicted from the proximal position of two Cys residues in the DBDs of dimeric SdiA. It was confirmed that the binding affinity of SdiA for the uvrY promoter was reduced under oxidizing conditions, which suggested the possibility of regulation of SdiA by multiple independent signals such as quorum-sensing inducers and the oxidation state of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Thao Duong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-ai Wu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongkeun Choi
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chungwoon University, San 29, Namjang, Hongsung, Chungnam 350-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Lan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Neratur K Lokanath
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - DongWoo Shin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Kwon SJ, Park JH, Park EJ, Lee SA, Lee HS, Kang SW, Kwon J. ATM-mediated phosphorylation of the chromatin remodeling enzyme BRG1 modulates DNA double-strand break repair. Oncogene 2014; 34:303-13. [PMID: 24413084 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes such as SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose NonFermentable) have been implicated in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and damage responses. However, the regulatory mechanisms that control the function of chromatin remodelers in DNA damage response are largely unknown. Here, we show that ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) mediates the phosphorylation of BRG1, the catalytic ATPase of the SWI/SNF complex that contributes to DSB repair by binding γ-H2AX-containing nucleosomes via interaction with acetylated histone H3 and stimulating γ-H2AX formation, at Ser-721 in response to DNA damage. ATM-mediated phosphorylation of BRG1 occurs rapidly and transiently after DNA damage. Phosphorylated BRG1 binds γ-H2AX-containing nucleosomes to form the repair foci. The Ser-721 phosphorylation of BRG1 is critical for binding γ-H2AX-containing nucleosomes and stimulating γ-H2AX formation and DSB repair. BRG1 binds to acetylated H3 peptides much better after phosphorylation at Ser-721 by DNA damage. However, the phosphorylation of Ser-721 does not significantly affect the ATPase and transcriptional activities of BRG1. These results, establishing BRG1 as a novel and functional ATM substrate, suggest that the ATM-mediated phosphorylation of BRG1 facilitates DSB repair by stimulating the association of this remodeler with γ-H2AX nucleosomes via enhancing the affinity to acetylated H3. Our work also suggests that the mechanism of BRG1 stimulation of DNA repair is independent of the remodeler's enzymatic or transcriptional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-J Kwon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E-J Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-A Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kwon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee CH, Shin HP, Lee JI, Joo KR, Cha JM, Jeon JW, Lim JU, Min JK, Kim DH, Kang SW, Joung HJ. Predicting factors of present hepatitis C virus infection among patients positive for the hepatitis C virus antibody. Clin Mol Hepatol 2013; 19:376-81. [PMID: 24459642 PMCID: PMC3894437 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2013.19.4.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims To identify the predicting factors of present hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with positivity for antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). Methods We analyzed patients who showed positive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) results and performed an HCV RNA test as a confirmatory test at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong from June 2006 to July 2012. The features distinguishing the groups with positive and negative HCV RNA results were reviewed. Results In total, 490 patients were included. The results of the HCV RNA test were positive and negative in 228 and 262 patients, respectively. The index value of anti-HCV, mean age, platelet counts, total bilirubin, prothrombin time international normalized ratio, albumin and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels differed significantly between the two groups. On multivariable analysis, an index value of anti-HCV >10 [odds ratio (OR)=397.27, P<0.001), ALT >40 IU/L (OR=3.64, P=0.001), and albumin <3.8 g/dL (OR=2.66, P=0.014) were related to present HCV infection. Conclusions Although EIA is not a quantitative test, considering the anti-HCV titer with ALT and albumin levels may be helpful in predicting present of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Phil Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joung Il Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Ro Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Myung Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Uk Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Ki Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Lim SM, Chang H, Yoon MJ, Hong YK, Kim H, Chung WY, Park CS, Nam KH, Kang SW, Kim MK, Kim SB, Lee SH, Kim HG, Na II, Kim YS, Choi MY, Kim JG, Park KU, Yun HJ, Kim JH, Cho BC. A multicenter, phase II trial of everolimus in locally advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer of all histologic subtypes. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:3089-94. [PMID: 24050953 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S M Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Kang SW, Kim OK, Seo B, Lee SH, Quan FS, Shin JH, Lee GJ, Park HK. Simultaneous, real-time measurement of nitric oxide and oxygen dynamics during cardiac ischemia–reperfusion of the rat utilizing sol–gel-derived electrochemical microsensors. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 802:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Kim HR, Lee MJ, Song JE, Han JH, Yoo TH, Kang SW, Choi KH, Han SH. Drainage failure because of spontaneous fracture of the peritoneal dialysis catheter. Perit Dial Int 2013; 33:218-20. [PMID: 23478378 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2012.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kim JH, Kang SW, Kim YT, Kim SJ, Chung SE. Partial posterior hyaloidectomy for macular disorders. Eye (Lond) 2013; 27:946-51. [PMID: 23743531 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of partial posterior hyaloidectomy (PPH) in preventing iatrogenic retinal breaks related to the induction of a posterior vitreous detachment (IPVD). METHODS Fifty-nine patients who necessitated IPVD for an epiretinal membrane or macular hole were included in this prospective, interventional case series. Extensive removal of vitreous gel, close to the retina, was conducted before IPVD under 23 G (gauge)-vitrectomy system. The PPH involved the limited extent of IPVD and limited removal of the outermost vitreous cortex to an area slightly beyond the margin of the temporal major vascular arcade. The incidence of retinal breaks related to the surgery was compared with 57 eyes that had undergone conventional 23-G total vitrectomy accompanied by extensive IPVD using χ(2)-test. RESULTS Patients were followed-up for a mean of 14.3 months (6-30 months) after the surgery. The incidence of peripheral retinal breaks after the PPH was 3.4% (2/59 eyes), which was significantly lower than that in the eyes that underwent conventional 23 G vitrectomy (15.8%, 9/57 eyes, P=0.023) for the same disorders that required an IPVD. No patient complained of postoperative floaters, postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS PPH would be an efficient procedure to prevent iatrogenic peripheral retinal breaks related to an IPVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee YJ, Lee GJ, Kang SW, Cheong Y, Park HK. Label-free and quantitative evaluation of cytotoxicity based on surface nanostructure and biophysical property of cells utilizing AFM. Micron 2013; 49:54-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Yoon H, Oh D, Park HC, Kang SW, Han Y, Lim DH, Paik SW. Predictive factors for gastroduodenal toxicity based on endoscopy following radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Strahlenther Onkol 2013; 189:541-6. [PMID: 23703401 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-013-0343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work was to determine predictive factors for gastroduodenal (GD) toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who were treated with radiotherapy (RT). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 90 HCC patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) before and after RT were enrolled. RT was delivered as 30-50 Gy (median 37.5 Gy) in 2-5 Gy (median 3.5 Gy) per fraction. All endoscopic findings were reviewed and GD toxicities related to RT were graded by the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version 3.0. The predictive factors for the ≥ grade 2 GD toxicity were investigated. RESULTS Endoscopic findings showed erosive gastritis in 14 patients (16 %), gastric ulcers in 8 patients (9 %), erosive duodenitis in 15 patients (17 %), and duodenal ulcers in 14 patients (16 %). Grade 2 toxicity developed in 19 patients (21 %) and grade 3 toxicity developed in 8 patients (9 %). V25 for stomach and V35 for duodenum (volume receiving a RT dose of more than x Gy) were the most predictive factors for ≥ grade 2 toxicity. The gastric toxicity rate at 6 months was 2.9 % for V25 ≤ 6.3 % and 57.1 % for V25 > 6.3 %. The duodenal toxicity rate at 6 months was 9.4 % for V35 ≤ 5.4 % and 45.9 % for V35 > 5.4 %. By multivariate analysis including the clinical factors, V25 for stomach and V35 for duodenum were the significant factors. CONCLUSION EGD revealed that GD toxicity is common following RT for HCC. V25 for the stomach and V35 for the duodenum were the significant factors to predict ≥ grade 2 GD toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoon
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine & Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee GJ, Kim SK, Kang SW, Kim OK, Chae SJ, Choi S, Shin JH, Park HK, Chung JH. Real time measurement of myocardial oxygen dynamics during cardiac ischemia-reperfusion of rats. Analyst 2013; 137:5312-9. [PMID: 23016151 DOI: 10.1039/c2an35208g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Because oxygen plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of myocardial injury during subsequent reperfusion, as well as ischemia, the accurate measurement of myocardial oxygen tension is crucial for the assessment of myocardial viability by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Therefore, we utilized a sol-gel derived electrochemical oxygen microsensor to monitor changes in oxygen tension during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. We also analyzed differences in oxygen tension recovery in post-ischemic myocardium depending on ischemic time to investigate the correlation between recovery parameters for oxygen tension and the severity of IR injury. An oxygen sensor was built using a xerogel-modified platinum microsensor and a coiled Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Rat hearts were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (0 min ischemia), I-10 (10 min ischemia), I-20 (20 min ischemia), I-30 (30 min ischemia), and I-40 (40 min ischemia) groups (n = 3 per group, respectively). After the induction of ischemia, reperfusion was performed for 60 min. As soon as the ischemia was initiated, oxygen tension rapidly declined to near zero levels. When reperfusion was initiated, the changes in oxygen tension depended on ischemic time. The normalized peak level of oxygen tension during the reperfusion episode was 188 ± 27 in group I-10, 120 ± 24 in group I-20, 12.5 ± 10.6 in group I-30, and 1.24 ± 1.09 in group I-40 (p < 0.001, n = 3, respectively). After 60 min of reperfusion, the normalized restoration level was 129 ± 30 in group I-10, 88 ± 4 in group I-20, 3.40 ± 4.82 in group I-30, and 0.99 ± 0.94 in group I-40 (p < 0.001, n = 3, respectively). The maximum and restoration values of oxygen tension in groups I-30 and I-40 after reperfusion were lower than pre-ischemic values. In particular, oxygen tension in the I-40 group was not recovered at all. These results were also demonstrated by TTC staining. We suggest that these recovery parameters could be utilized as an index of tissue injury and severity of ischemia. Therefore, quantitative measurements of oxygen tension dynamics in the myocardium would be helpful for evaluation of the cardioprotective effects of therapeutic treatments such as drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Ja Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Healthcare Industry Research Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Selvam R, Jurkevich A, Kang SW, Mikhailova MV, Cornett LE, Kuenzel WJ. Distribution of the Vasotocin Subtype Four Receptor (VT4R) in the Anterior Pituitary Gland of the Chicken, Gallus gallus, and its Possible Role in the Avian Stress Response. J Neuroendocrinol 2013; 25:56-66. [PMID: 22849330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02370.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The neurohormone arginine vasotocin (AVT) in non mammalian vertebrates is homologous to arginine vasopressin (AVP) in mammals. Its actions are mediated via G protein-coupled receptors that belong to the vasotocin/mesotocin family. Because of the known regulatory effects of nonapeptide hormones on anterior pituitary functions, receptor subtypes in that family have been proposed to be located in anterior pituitary cells. Recently, an avian vasotocin receptor subtype designated VT4R has been cloned, which shares 69% sequence homology with a human vasopressin receptor, the V1aR. In the present study, a polyclonal antibody to the VT4R was developed and validated to confirm its specificity to the VT4R. The antibody was used to test the hypothesis that the VT4R is present in the avian anterior pituitary and is specifically associated with certain cell types, where its expression is modulated by acute stress. Western blotting of membrane protein extracts from pituitary tissue, the use of HeLa cells transfected with the VT4R and peptide competition assays all confirmed the specificity of the antibody to the VT4R. Dual-labelling immunofluorescence microscopy was utilised to identify pituitary cell types that contained immunoreactive VT4R. The receptor was found to be widely distributed throughout the cephalic lobe but not in the caudal lobe of the anterior pituitary. Immunoreactive VT4R was associated with corticotrophs. Approximately 89% of immunolabelled corticotrophs were shown to contain the VT4R. The immunoreactive VT4R was not found in gonadotrophs, somatotrophs or lactotrophs. To determine a possible functional role of the VT4R and previously characterised VT2R, gene expression levels in the anterior pituitary were determined after acute immobilisation stress by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The results showed a significant increase in plasma corticosterone levels (three- to four-fold), a significant reduction of VT4R mRNA and an increase of VT2R mRNA (P < 0.05) in acutely immobilised chicks compared to controls. The data suggest a role of the VT4R in the avian stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Selvam
- The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Park JK, Jang SJ, Kang SW, Park S, Hwang SG, Kim WJ, Kang JH, Um HD. Establishment of animal model for the analysis of cancer cell metastasis during radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2012; 7:153. [PMID: 22963683 PMCID: PMC3493326 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-7-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Γ-Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is one of major therapeutic tools in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, γ-IR therapy failed due to occurrence of metastasis, which constitutes a significant obstacle in cancer treatment. The main aim of this investigation was to construct animal model which present metastasis during radiotherapy in a mouse system in vivo and establishes the molecular mechanisms involved. Materials and methods The C6L transfectant cell line expressing firefly luciferase (fLuc) was treated with γ-IR, followed by immunoblotting, zymography and invasion assay in vitro. We additionally employed the C6L transfectant cell line to construct xenografts in nude mice, which were irradiated with γ-IR. Irradiated xenograft-containing mice were analyzed via survival curves, measurement of tumor size, and bioluminescence imaging in vivo and ex vivo. Metastatic lesions in organs of mice were further assessed using RT-PCR, H & E staining and immunohistochemistry. Results γ-IR treatment of C6L cells induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increased cell invasion. In irradiated xenograft-containing mice, tumor sizes were decreased dramatically and survival rates extended. Almost all non-irradiated xenograft-containing control mice had died within 4 weeks. However, we also observed luminescence signals in about 22.5% of γ-IR-treated mice. Intestines or lungs of mice displaying luminescence signals contained several lesions, which expressed the fLuc gene and presented histological features of cancer tissues as well as expression of EMT markers. Conclusions These findings collectively indicate that occurrences of metastases during γ-IR treatment accompanied induction of EMT markers, including increased MMP activity. Establishment of a murine metastasis model during γ-IR treatment should aid in drug development against cancer metastasis and increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
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Park JK, Jang SJ, Kang SW, Kim JS, Park S, Hwang SG, Kang JH, Um HD. Abstract 2419: Irradiation of α-ionizing radiation to in vivo glioma model induced metastasis via occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
α-Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is known to be a one of major therapeutic tools of cancer treatment but α-IR also could be an inducer of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Metastasis is major obstacle and required to overcome for cancer treatment. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to study whether radiation could induce metastasis our in vivo mouse system, and molecular mechanism behind α-IR-induced metastasis. C6L transfectant cell line expressing firefly luciferase (fLuc) was treated with α-IR and then immunoblotting, zymography and invasion assay in vitro. We also used C6L transfectant cell line to construct xenograft in nude mice and then IR was irradiated to xenograft with α-IR. The irradiated xenograft-containing mice were analyzed with survival curve, measurement of tumor size, and bioluminescence imaging in vivo and ex vivo. We also analyzed metastatic foci in organ of mice with RT-PCR analysis, H & E staining and immunohistochemistry. α-IR treatment to C6L cell induced ocurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increase of cell invasion. In irradiated xenograft-containing mice, sizes of tumor were decreased dramatically and survival rate also extended. Almost all non-irradiated xenograft-containing control mice were dead within 4 weeks. But we also observed luminescence signals in about 20.9% of α-IR treated mice. Intestine or lung of luminescence signal-detected mice contained several foci, which expressed fLuc gene and presented histological features as a cancer tissue as well as expressions of EMT markers. Taken together, these findings indicate that α-IR treatment could induce metastasis in vivo via EMT including increase of MMP activity. We also propose that construction of metastasis animal model by α-IR treatment could use drug development to block cancer metastasis and increase understandings of metastasis mechanism.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2419. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2419
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Kim DK, Nam BY, Li JJ, Park JT, Lee SH, Kim DH, Kim JY, Kang HY, Han SH, Yoo TH, Han DS, Kang SW. Translationally controlled tumour protein is associated with podocyte hypertrophy in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:1205-17. [PMID: 22311416 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP) is thought to be involved in cell growth by regulating mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling. As diabetes characteristically induces podocyte hypertrophy and mTORC1 has been implicated in this process, TCTP may have a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced podocyte hypertrophy. METHODS We investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of TCTP in diabetic mice and in high glucose-stimulated cultured podocytes. To characterise the role of TCTP, we conducted lentivirus-mediated gene silencing of TCTP both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Glomerular production of TCTP was significantly higher in streptozotocin induced-diabetic DBA/2J mice than in control animals. Double-immunofluorescence staining for TCTP and synaptopodin revealed that podocyte was the principal cell responsible for this increase. TCTP knockdown attenuated the activation of mTORC1 downstream effectors and the overproduction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) in diabetic glomeruli, along with a reduction in proteinuria and a decrease in the sizes of podocytes as well as glomeruli. In addition, knockdown of TCTP in db/db mice prevented the development of diabetic nephropathy, as indicated by the amelioration of proteinuria, mesangial expansion, podocytopenia and glomerulosclerosis. In accordance with the in vivo data, TCTP inhibition abrogated high glucose-induced hypertrophy in cultured podocytes, which was accompanied by the downregulation of mTORC1 effectors and CKIs. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that TCTP might play an important role in the process of podocyte hypertrophy under diabetic conditions via the regulation of mTORC1 activity and the induction of cell-cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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