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Kuo KHM, Grace RF, van Beers EJ, Barcellini W, Glenthøj A, Holzhauer S, Beynon V, Morris S, Li J, Zagadailov E, Patel P, Al-Samkari H. Clinically meaningful improvements in patient-reported outcomes in mitapivat-treated patients with pyruvate kinase deficiency. Am J Hematol 2024. [PMID: 38712615 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Clinically meaningful benefits in the signs, symptoms, and impacts of #PKDeficiency as assessed by disease-specific patient-reported outcome measures were observed in mitapivat-treated adult patients in two phase 3 clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H M Kuo
- Division of Hematology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachael F Grace
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorder Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eduard J van Beers
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma Barcellini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreas Glenthøj
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Holzhauer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Beynon
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan Morris
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junlong Li
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Parija Patel
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hanny Al-Samkari
- Division of Hematology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Odogwu S, Morris S, Addison S, Abbott S. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by a surgical care practitioner: a review of outcomes. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024. [PMID: 38660827 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical care practitioners (SCPs) are non-medical workers involved in various aspects of the management of surgical patients. The role includes assisting and performing surgical procedures. More than 60,000 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) are performed annually in the UK. With ever-increasing pressure on waiting lists, it is important to look at fully utilising the skills of our entire workforce. We report what we believe is the first published series of LC performed by an SCP. METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database was performed. The primary outcome was any complication requiring intervention. Secondary outcomes were minor complications, operative time, length of stay, conversion and readmission. RESULTS In total, 170 patients were operated on. Indications were biliary colic in 127 (74.7%), cholecystitis in 30 (17.6%) and pancreatitis in 13 (7.6%). Mean operating time was 65min (range 35-152min). Fifty-three operations were assisted by a consultant, 110 by a specialist or associate specialist grade (SAS) doctor and 7 by a core trainee (CT2). Some 139 (81.7%) patients were discharged on the day of surgery and 24 (14.1%) stayed one night in hospital. There were no major complications. Five patients required readmission, three with pain and two with port site infections. There were no conversions or transfusions required. CONCLUSIONS There is a paucity of published data on surgical outcomes of procedures performed by SCPs. With a structured, supervised approach, SCPs could be trained to take on more complex procedures and further strengthen the surgical workforce. This study demonstrates that elective LC can be safely performed by an appropriately trained and supervised SCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Odogwu
- Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Morris
- Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Addison
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S Abbott
- Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
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Wong ML, Girdler S, Afsharnejad B, Ntoumanis N, Milbourn B, Kebble P, Morris S, Black MH. Motivation to participate in structured physical activity for autistic youth: A systematic scoping review. Autism 2024:13623613241240603. [PMID: 38576064 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241240603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autistic youth participate less in physical education classes and organised sport than their neurotypical peers. We conducted a review of existing studies to investigate what is known about what motivates (and does not motivate) autistic youth to take part in structured physical activities. We systematically searched electronic databases and found 18 publications that met the criteria to be included in this review. Data from these studies were extracted and mapped to the self-determination theory to identify factors that support (or undermine) motivation for autistic youth. We also discussed the findings with autistic individuals and other relevant stakeholders to discover how the review related to their experiences. Our results found competence (youth feeling competent in their athletic and social skills and abilities) to be the most reported psychological need impacting motivation for autistic youth. Intrinsic motivation (participating for enjoyment and satisfaction) was the most common facilitator of motivation. Autism-specific themes outside of the self-determination theory were mapped inductively, and we found that the sensory environment was a prominent theme reported to influence the motivation of autistic youth not covered by the self-determination theory. The findings of this review suggest that supporting the psychological needs of autistic youth can foster motivation to engage in physical activity, although how these needs are met can differ from their neurotypical peers. Future research should examine motivational factors that support engagement in structured physical activities through the lens of autistic youth and their experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Wong
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Centre of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute and Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bahareh Afsharnejad
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben Milbourn
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Paul Kebble
- Office of the Pro-Vice Chancellor, Health Sciences, Curitn University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Susan Morris
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Melissa H Black
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Centre of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute and Region Stockholm, Sweden
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McLean C, Lavender AP, Pereira E, Peek K, Davey P, Ma’ayah F, Morris S, Georgieva J. The Acute Effects of Ball Pressure on Anticipation Timing Following a Series of Purposeful Headers in Adult Football (Soccer) Players. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:102. [PMID: 38668570 PMCID: PMC11053744 DOI: 10.3390/sports12040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the acute effects of ball pressure on anticipation timing following a series of purposeful headers in adult football (soccer) players. There is evidence to suggest acute neurophysiological changes to the brain following purposeful heading; this may lead to altered anticipation timing as a result, potentially having future safety implications for players. A repeated measures crossover design was used. Seventeen participants aged between 20 and 30 years performed (i) 20 rotational headers with a lower-pressure match ball (58.6 kPa; 8.5 psi), (ii) 20 rotational headers with a higher-pressure match ball (103.4 kPa; 15 psi), or (iii) 20 non-headers (kicks) as a control each on separate days. The effect of ball pressure on anticipation timing accuracy, measured as absolute, constant, and variable errors, was assessed before and immediately after each intervention session using an anticipation timing task. Differences between group means were compared using repeated measures ANOVA and linear mixed effects models, with p-values of <0.05 considered statistically significant. No significant differences in anticipation timing accuracy across interventions were detected between control, occluded, and non-occluded trials. This finding differs from the previous literature regarding the measurable, acute effects of purposeful heading. The anticipation timing task may lack sensitivity for detecting the effects of repeated heading on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad McLean
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia (S.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Andrew P. Lavender
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Ethan Pereira
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia (S.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Kerry Peek
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Paul Davey
- Curtin School of Nursing, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia;
| | - Fadi Ma’ayah
- School of Education, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia;
| | - Susan Morris
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia (S.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Julia Georgieva
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia (S.M.); (J.G.)
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Parthasarathy S, Hyman D, Doherty J, Saad R, Zhang J, Morris S, Eldemir L, Fox B, Ying Vang MK, Schroeder J, Marshall NJ, Parks GS. A real-world observational study assessing relationships between excessive daytime sleepiness and patient satisfaction in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med 2024; 114:42-48. [PMID: 38154148 PMCID: PMC10961719 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND To estimate prevalence and severity of excessive daytime sleepiness among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who were prescribed treatment; assess perception and satisfaction of OSA-related care; describe relationships between excessive daytime sleepiness, treatment adherence, and patient satisfaction. PATIENTS/METHODS A national population-based cross-sectional sample of US adults with clinician-diagnosed OSA was surveyed in January 2021 via Evidation Health's Achievement App. Patients completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, rated satisfaction with healthcare provider and overall OSA care, and reported treatment adherence. Covariates affecting excessive daytime sleepiness (average weekly sleep duration, treatment adherence, sleepiness-inducing medications, age, sex, body mass index, nasal congestion, smoking status, and comorbidities) were adjusted in multivariate regression models. RESULTS In 2289 participants (50.3 % women; 44.8 ± 11.1 years), EDS was highly prevalent (42 %), and was experienced by 36 % of patients with high positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy adherence. Each additional hour of nightly PAP use was associated with improved sleepiness (a 0.28-point lower Epworth score; p < 0.001). Excessive daytime sleepiness was associated with lower patient satisfaction with healthcare providers and overall care (OR [95 % CI] 0.62 [0.48-0.80] and 0.50 [0.39-0.64], respectively; p < 0.0001), whereas PAP adherence was associated with higher patient satisfaction (OR [95 % CI] 2.37 [1.64-3.43] and 2.91 [2.03-4.17]; p < 0.0001), after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS In a real-world population-based study of patients with OSA, excessive daytime sleepiness was highly prevalent and associated with poor patient satisfaction ratings. Better patient-centered care among patients with OSA may require interventions aimed at addressing excessive daytime sleepiness and treatment adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ragy Saad
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gregory S Parks
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., New York, NY, USA
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Ni T, Mendonça L, Zhu Y, Howe A, Radecke J, Shah PM, Sheng Y, Krebs AS, Duyvesteyn HM, Allen E, Lambe T, Bisset C, Spencer A, Morris S, Stuart DI, Gilbert S, Zhang P. ChAdOx1 COVID vaccines express RBD open prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spikes on the cell surface. iScience 2023; 26:107882. [PMID: 37766989 PMCID: PMC10520439 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been proven to be an effective means of decreasing COVID-19 mortality, hospitalization rates, and transmission. One of the vaccines deployed worldwide is ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, which uses an adenovirus vector to drive the expression of the original SARS-CoV-2 spike on the surface of transduced cells. Using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging, we determined the native structures of the vaccine product expressed on cell surfaces in situ. We show that ChAdOx1-vectored vaccines expressing the Beta SARS-CoV-2 variant produce abundant native prefusion spikes predominantly in one-RBD-up conformation. Furthermore, the ChAdOx1-vectored HexaPro-stabilized spike yields higher cell surface expression, enhanced RBD exposure, and reduced shedding of S1 compared to the wild type. We demonstrate in situ structure determination as a powerful means for studying antigen design options in future vaccine development against emerging novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and broadly against other infectious viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ni
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Luiza Mendonça
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrew Howe
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Julika Radecke
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Pranav M. Shah
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Yuewen Sheng
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Anna-Sophia Krebs
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Helen M.E. Duyvesteyn
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Elizabeth Allen
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Teresa Lambe
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Cameron Bisset
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Alexandra Spencer
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Susan Morris
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7TY, UK
| | - David I. Stuart
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7TY, UK
| | - Sarah Gilbert
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7TY, UK
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Division of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
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Malinczak CA, Fonseca W, Mire MM, Parolia A, Chinnaiyan A, Rasky AJ, Morris S, Yagi K, Bermick JR, Lukacs NW. Sex-associated early-life viral innate immune response is transcriptionally associated with chromatin remodeling of type-I IFN-inducible genes. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:578-592. [PMID: 37302711 PMCID: PMC10646734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates sex-associated systemic innate immune differences by examining bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). BMDC grown from 7-day-old mice show enhanced type-I interferon (IFN) signaling in female compared to male BMDC. Upon respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection of 7-day-old mice, a significantly altered phenotype of BMDC at 4 weeks post-infection is observed in a sex-dependent manner. The alterations include heightened Ifnb/ interleukin (Il12a) and enhanced IFNAR1+ expression in BMDC from early-life RSV-infected female mice that leads to increased IFN-γ production by T cells. Phenotypic differences were verified upon pulmonary sensitization whereby EL-RSV male-derived BMDC promoted enhanced T helper 2/17 responses and exacerbated disease upon RSV infection while EL-RSV/F BMDC sensitization was relatively protective. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing analysis (ATAC-seq) demonstrated that EL-RSV/F BMDC had enhanced chromatin accessibility near type-I immune genes with JUN, STAT1/2, and IRF1/8 transcription factors predicted to have binding sites in accessible regions. Importantly, ATAC-seq of human cord blood-derived monocytes displayed a similar sex-associated chromatin landscape with female-derived monocytes having more accessibility in type-I immune genes. These studies enhance our understanding of sex-associated differences in innate immunity by epigenetically controlled transcriptional programs amplified by early-life infection in females via type-I immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Mohamed M Mire
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Arul Chinnaiyan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Andrew J Rasky
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Susan Morris
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
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Roy A, Ito D, Morris S, Candler S, Profant J, Bae C. Individualized Treatment Patterns for Patients with Narcolepsy Treated with Oxybate: A Clinical Practice Perspective. Nat Sci Sleep 2023; 15:767-778. [PMID: 37799734 PMCID: PMC10547908 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s411727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Real-world data regarding divided nightly dosing of oxybate and individualized prescribing in patients with narcolepsy are limited. Study objectives were to understand oxybate prescribing practices, including optimizing dose regimens and adjusting dosing per occasional changes in patients' routines, and physician recommendations for representative patient scenarios. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional, web- and audio-based survey of physicians treating ≥2 patients with narcolepsy, prescribed nightly oxybate (sodium oxybate) dosing for ≥6 months, was conducted. Physicians were surveyed on patients' usual oxybate dosing regimens, frequency of and reasons for oxybate dosing-related discussions, and preferred methods for and perceptions of adjusting oxybate dosing. Physicians provided dosing-related guidance for 4 representative scenarios. Results Participating physicians (N=25) were neurologists (52%), psychiatrists (44%), and neuropsychiatrists (4%). Individualized oxybate prescribing practices were reflected by the variability of physicians' reporting of the percentage of their patients being prescribed once-nightly, twice-nightly, and thrice-nightly dosing regimens. Most physicians (68%) reported discussing adjusting individualized treatment to accommodate occasional changes to patients' routines; the most common reasons were consuming contraindicated beverages (alcohol; 65%) and travel (59%). Adjusting total nightly dose (68%) and dose timing (68%) were preferred adjustment methods. Most physicians (88%) felt the ability to individualize oxybate dosing was important and had a positive impact on ability to provide care. For each representative scenario, physicians provided several dose-adjustment recommendations, and physician responses encouraged patient participation in treatment decision-making. Conclusion Physicians provided guidance supportive of oxybate dose adjustments to accommodate occasional changes in patients' routines, and perceived individualized dosing as important in providing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Roy
- Ohio Sleep Medicine Institute, Dublin, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Charles Bae
- Penn Sleep Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Hurt L, Uzun O, Morris S, Bethel J, Evans A, Seaborne M, Daniel R, Brophy S, Paranjothy S. Childhood Outcomes in Children with and without Cardiac Echogenic Foci: An Electronic Birth Cohort Study in Wales, UK. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1233. [PMID: 37508730 PMCID: PMC10378422 DOI: 10.3390/children10071233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
There is uncertainty about outcomes associated with cardiac echogenic foci (CEF) seen at the midtrimester ultrasound scan because of limited population-based follow-up data. This can lead to unnecessary invasive testing and significant parental anxiety. We analysed data from a cohort study, The Welsh Study of Mothers and Babies, to examine whether children with CEF had more adverse outcomes during childhood compared with children without CEF. Children born between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2011 were followed until 31 January 2018, migration out of Wales, or death. The primary outcome was cardiac hospital admissions, defined a priori by an expert steering group. Secondary outcomes included congenital cardiac anomalies, and hospital admissions for other causes. There was no evidence of an association between isolated CEF and cardiac hospital admissions (hazard ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33-2.25, p value 0.768), or with congenital cardiac anomalies. There was a small increased risk of a respiratory admission with isolated CEF (hazard ratio 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.54, p value 0.020). Further research is needed on features of CEF, such as location or number, to fully understand the clinical significance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hurt
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Orhan Uzun
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park Way, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Susan Morris
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park Way, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Jackie Bethel
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Annette Evans
- Research and Evaluation Division, Public Health Wales, Cardiff CF10 4BZ, UK
| | - Michael Seaborne
- Swansea University Medical School, Data Science Building, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Rhian Daniel
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Sinead Brophy
- Swansea University Medical School, Data Science Building, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Shantini Paranjothy
- Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
- Public Health Directorate, NHS Grampian, Summerfield House, 2 Eday Road, Aberdeen AB15 6RE, UK
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Saunders JE, Gilbride C, Dowall S, Morris S, Ulaszewska M, Spencer AJ, Rayner E, Graham VA, Kennedy E, Thomas K, Hewson R, Gilbert SC, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Lambe T. Adenoviral vectored vaccination protects against Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever disease in a lethal challenge model. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104523. [PMID: 36933409 PMCID: PMC10025009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tick-borne bunyavirus, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus (CCHFV), can cause severe febrile illness in humans and has a wide geographic range that continues to expand due to tick migration. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines against CCHFV for widespread usage. METHODS In this study, we describe the preclinical assessment of a chimpanzee adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx2 CCHF) which encodes the glycoprotein precursor (GPC) from CCHFV. FINDINGS We demonstrate here that vaccination with ChAdOx2 CCHF induces both a humoral and cellular immune response in mice and 100% protection in a lethal CCHF challenge model. Delivery of the adenoviral vaccine in a heterologous vaccine regimen with a Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine (MVA CCHF) induces the highest levels of CCHFV-specific cell-mediated and antibody responses in mice. Histopathological examination and viral load analysis of the tissues of ChAdOx2 CCHF immunised mice reveals an absence of both microscopic changes and viral antigen associated with CCHF infection, further demonstrating protection against disease. INTERPRETATION There is the continued need for an effective vaccine against CCHFV to protect humans from lethal haemorrhagic disease. Our findings support further development of the ChAd platform expressing the CCHFV GPC to seek an effective vaccine against CCHFV. FUNDING This research was supported by funding from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UKRI-BBSRC) [BB/R019991/1 and BB/T008784/1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack E Saunders
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Ciaran Gilbride
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stuart Dowall
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Susan Morris
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marta Ulaszewska
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexandra J Spencer
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma Rayner
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Victoria A Graham
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Emma Kennedy
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Kelly Thomas
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Roger Hewson
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Teresa Lambe
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Shand J, Gomes M, Morris S. The impact of having a carer on adult health and social care utilisation across five settings of care: A matched cohort study. Health Policy 2023; 129:104705. [PMID: 36639309 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An estimated 6.8 million people are (informal) carers in the UK. The economic value of annual carer contributions is an estimated .·132bn. Reliance on carers appears to be increasing. There is mixed evidence on whether carers are substitutes for formal care. This study investigated the association between having a carer and service use patterns across five care settings when compared to a matched cohort without a carer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A matched case-control group analysis using person-level data in Barking and Dagenham (B&D), a London borough in the U.K., to assess the impact of having a carer in terms of the differences in cost-weighted utilisation relative to a matched control group. RESULTS In 2016/17, for adult residents of B&D, having a carer (n = 1,295) was associated with 27% increased cost-weighted utilisation (mean difference of £2,662, CI £1,595, £3,729, p<0.001) compared to a matched cohort without a carer. 39% of the cost difference was social care. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest additional service use induced by carers may dominate any substitution effect. Having a carer may be a key element in enabling access to services. As such, there may be wider inequalities in service access for people without a carer. For an ageing society with projections suggesting there will be more people without carers in the future, these inequalities need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shand
- University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom.
| | - M Gomes
- University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| | - S Morris
- University of Cambridge, East Forvie Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, United Kingdom
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Vatzia E, Feest K, McNee A, Manjegowda T, Carr BV, Paudyal B, Chrun T, Maze EA, Mccarron A, Morris S, Everett HE, MacLoughlin R, Salguero FJ, Lambe T, Gilbert SC, Tchilian E. Immunization with matrix-, nucleoprotein and neuraminidase protects against H3N2 influenza challenge in pH1N1 pre-exposed pigs. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:19. [PMID: 36792640 PMCID: PMC9930017 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for influenza vaccines providing broader protection that may decrease the need for annual immunization of the human population. We investigated the efficacy of heterologous prime boost immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAdOx2) and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectored vaccines, expressing conserved influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein 1 (M1) and neuraminidase (NA) in H1N1pdm09 pre-exposed pigs. We compared the efficacy of intra-nasal, aerosol and intra-muscular vaccine delivery against H3N2 influenza challenge. Aerosol prime boost immunization induced strong local lung T cell and antibody responses and abrogated viral shedding and lung pathology following H3N2 challenge. In contrast, intramuscular immunization induced powerful systemic responses and weak local lung responses but also abolished lung pathology and reduced viral shedding. These results provide valuable insights into the development of a broadly protective influenza vaccine in a highly relevant large animal model and will inform future vaccine and clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vatzia
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Adam McNee
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy Mccarron
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Morris
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Everett
- Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francisco J Salguero
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency, UKHSA-Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Lambe
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford and Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Farazuddin M, Acker G, Zourob J, Wong P, Rasky A, Morris S, Lukacs N, Kim C, Baker J. The inhibition of retinoic acid signaling in innate immune cells paradoxically suppresses respiratory syncytial virus infection through enhanced antiviral immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Xia R, Morris S, Klappa SG, Colgrove Y. A Longitudinal Study of Journal Club to Enhance Physical Therapy Students' Research Appraisal Skill for Evidence-Based Practice: A Mixed-Methods Study. J Allied Health 2023; 52:e113-e122. [PMID: 37728359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Evidence-based practice (EBP) requires that clinicians possess skills in appraisal of evidence. Journal club (JC) is demonstrated to increase EBP skills in medicine, nursing, and occupational therapy. Study in physical therapy remains elusive. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of JC on appraisal skills in student physical therapists (SPTs) and explore factors enhancing or hindering the utility of JC. One hundred fifteen SPTs from three cohorts participated in this mixed-methods study. In the first year, participants completed a survey assessing self-reported confidence level on EBP skills before and after attending multiple JCs. Cohorts I and II continued participation in the second year. Additionally, 36 participants attended focus-group interviews after completing 2 years of JC. All cohorts' confidence level increased. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed a significant increase (p < 0.001) for cohort III. Remaining cohorts' confidence continuously increased in the subsequent year. Thematic analysis revealed themes on benefits and barriers of JC, strategies for improvements, and connection of JC to clinical practice. The findings indicate that integration of JC promotes SPTs' confidence in EBP skills and connects with practice. Utilizing JC as a pedagogical strategy impacts curricular design and strengthens future health professionals' EBP skills pivotal for delivering quality healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xia
- Dep. of Physical Therapy, Franklin Pierce University, 14455 W. Van Buren Street, Goodyear, AZ 85338, USA. Tel 623-518-2386.
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Puttasiddaiah PM, Morris S, Costello RC, Whittet HB. Paediatric quality-of-life following adenotonsillectomy: an evaluation of T14 paediatric throat disorder quality-of-life outcomes according to operative indication. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023; 105:68-71. [PMID: 35446710 PMCID: PMC9891077 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adenotonsillectomy is the most common surgical intervention for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) or recurrent tonsillitis. The Paediatric Throat Disorder Quality of Life Outcome (T14) questionnaire is a validated tool completed by parents to compare the outcome of surgery by measuring the pre- and postoperative scores. This study was undertaken to evaluate the quality-of-life outcome in children undergoing surgical intervention for recurrent tonsillitis and/or OSA. METHODS This was a prospective, uncontrolled study of 117 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy and tonsillectomy at a single tertiary ear, nose and throat department. An analysis of pre- and postoperative T14 paediatric throat disorder quality-of-life outcomes was undertaken at 12 months. RESULTS Of the 117 children, 105 were included in the study sample; 75 with recurrent tonsillitis, 8 with OSA and 22 with both tonsillitis and OSA. All children had an improved T14 score postoperatively. The greatest change in pre- and postoperative T14 score was observed in the tonsillitis and OSA combined group (mean change -29.36, p<0.001). However, an improvement in T14 score was also noted in the tonsilitis (-24.453, p<0.001) and OSA groups (-14.25, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study found a statistically significant improvement in the T14 quality-of-life score at 12 months postoperatively in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. This demonstrates improved parental perception of their child's symptoms for all operative indications of adenotonsillectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Morris
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, UK
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Parthasarathy S, Hyman D, Doherty J, Saad R, Zhang J, Morris S, Eldemir L, Fox B, Vang M, Schroeder J, Marshall N, Parks G. A Real-World Study Assessing the Relationship Between Positive Airway Pressure Treatment, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, and Patient Satisfaction in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Afshari M, Morris S, Geulig LD, Chitgar ZM, Gibbon P, Thirolf PG, Schreiber J. The role of collisional ionization in heavy ion acceleration by high intensity laser pulses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18260. [PMID: 36309599 PMCID: PMC9617862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here simulation results of the laser-driven acceleration of gold ions using the EPOCH code. Recently, an experiment reported the acceleration of gold ions up to 7 MeV/nucleon with a strong dependency of the charge-state distribution on target thickness and the detection of the highest charge states [Formula: see text]. Our simulations using a developmental branch of EPOCH (4.18-Ionization) show that collisional ionization is the most important cause of charge states beyond Z = 51 up to He-like Au.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Afshari
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - S. Morris
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - L. D. Geulig
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Z. M. Chitgar
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Gibbon
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. G. Thirolf
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - J. Schreiber
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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Kuo KH, Oluyadi A, Shao H, Morris S, Zaidi AU, Beers EJV, Thein SL. A PHASE 2/3, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY OF MITAPIVAT IN PATIENTS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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19
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Tinker M, Betten A, Morris S, Gibson N, Allison G, Ng L, Williams G, Chappell A. A comparison of the kinematics and kinetics of barefoot and shod running in children with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2022; 98:271-278. [PMID: 36215856 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biomechanics of barefoot and shod running are different for typically developing children but unknown for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Such differences may have implications for injury and performance. AIMS The primary aims of this study were to compare the lower limb biomechanics of barefoot and shod running in children with CP, and to determine whether any differences were the same in GMFCS levels I and II. METHODS This cross-sectional study examined 38 children with CP (n = 24 (GMFCS) level I; n = 14 GMFCS II), running overground at 3 speeds (jog, run, sprint) in barefoot and shod conditions. Marker trajectories and force plate data were recorded, and lower limb kinematics, kinetics and spatiotemporal variables were derived. Differences between barefoot and shod running were analysed using linear mixed models. RESULTS For both GMFCS levels, barefoot running resulted in higher loading rates, but smaller impact peaks at all speeds. Barefoot running was associated with greater hip and knee power; less ankle dorsiflexion and hip flexion at initial contact, and less ankle and knee range of motion during stance, compared to shod running, at all speeds. Barefoot stride length was shortened, and cadence increased compared to shod during jogging and running but not sprinting. For GMFCS level I only, barefoot running involved a higher incidence of forefoot strike, greater ankle power generation and less hip range of motion during stance. SIGNIFICANCE Running barefoot may facilitate running performance by increasing power generation at the ankle in children with CP, GMFCS level I. Higher barefoot loading rates may have implications for performance and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tinker
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - A Betten
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - S Morris
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - N Gibson
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia; Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - G Allison
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - L Ng
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - G Williams
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - A Chappell
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia; Western Kids Health, Mt Hawthorn WA 6016, Australia.
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Setton J, Gallo D, Glodzik D, Kaiser B, Braverman S, Ubhi T, Fournier S, Selenica P, Laterreur N, Roulston A, Brown G, Morris S, Reis-Filho J, Zimmermann M. CDK12 loss leads to replication stress and sensitivity to combinations of the ATR inhibitor camonsertib (RP-3500) with PARP inhibitors. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Fourtounis J, Gallo D, Roulston A, Stocco R, Martino G, Fournier S, Aguado E, Kryczka R, Bhaskaran V, Morris S, Marshall C. The PKMYT1 inhibitor RP-6306 has synergistic efficacy with carboplatin in CCNE1 amplified tumor models. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lee S, Schulz C, Prabhash K, Han B, Szczesna A, Cortinovis D, Rittmeyer A, Baz DV, Califano R, Anh LT, Liu G, Cappuzzo F, Contreras JR, Reck M, Hu Y, Morris S, Hoeglander E, Connors M, Vollan H, Peters S. LBA11 IPSOS: Results from a phase III study of first-line (1L) atezolizumab (atezo) vs single-agent chemotherapy (chemo) in patients (pts) with NSCLC not eligible for a platinum-containing regimen. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Folegatti PM, Jenkin D, Morris S, Gilbert S, Kim D, Robertson JS, Smith ER, Martin E, Gurwith M, Chen RT. Vaccines based on the replication-deficient simian adenoviral vector ChAdOx1: Standardized template with key considerations for a risk/benefit assessment. Vaccine 2022; 40:5248-5262. [PMID: 35715352 PMCID: PMC9194875 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Replication-deficient adenoviral vectors have been under investigation as a platform technology for vaccine development for several years and have recently been successfully deployed as an effective COVID-19 counter measure. A replication-deficient adenoviral vector based on the simian adenovirus type Y25 and named ChAdOx1 has been evaluated in several clinical trials since 2012. The Brighton Collaboration Benefit-Risk Assessment of VAccines by TechnolOgy (BRAVATO) was formed to evaluate the safety and other key features of new platform technology vaccines. This manuscript reviews key features of the ChAdOx1-vectored vaccines. The simian adenovirus Y25 was chosen as a strategy to circumvent pre-existing immunity to common human adenovirus serotypes which could impair immune responses induced by adenoviral vectored vaccines. Deletion of the E1 gene renders the ChAdOx1 vector replication incompetent and further genetic engineering of the E3 and E4 genes allows for increased insertional capability and optimizes vaccine manufacturing processes. ChAdOx1 vectored vaccines can be manufactured in E1 complementing cell lines at scale and are thermostable. The first ChAdOx1 vectored vaccines approved for human use, against SARS-CoV-2, received emergency use authorization in the UK on 30th December 2020, and is now approved in more than 180 countries. Safety data were compiled from phase I-III clinical trials of ChAdOx1 vectored vaccines expressing different antigens (influenza, tuberculosis, malaria, meningococcal B, prostate cancer, MERS-CoV, Chikungunya, Zika and SARS-CoV-2), conducted by the University of Oxford, as well as post marketing surveillance data for the COVID-19 Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. Overall, ChAdOx1 vectored vaccines have been well tolerated. Very rarely, thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS), capillary leak syndrome (CLS), immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) have been reported following mass administration of the COVID-19 Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. The benefits of this COVID-19 vaccination have outweighed the risks of serious adverse events in most settings, especially with mitigation of risks when possible. Extensive immunogenicity clinical evaluation of ChAdOx1 vectored vaccines reveal strong, durable humoral and cellular immune responses to date; studies to refine the COVID-19 protection (e.g., via homologous/heterologous booster, fractional dose) are also underway. New prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines based on the ChAdOx1 vector are currently undergoing pre-clinical and clinical assessment, including vaccines against viral hemorrhagic fevers, Nipah virus, HIV, Hepatitis B, amongst others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Denny Kim
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - James S. Robertson
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Emily R. Smith
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Emalee Martin
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Marc Gurwith
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Robert T. Chen
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
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Cheetham M, Atkinson PJ, Gibson M, Katikireddi SV, Moffatt S, Morris S, Munford L, Shenton F, Wickham S, Craig P. Exploring the mental health effects of Universal Credit: a journey of co-production. Perspect Public Health 2022; 142:209-212. [PMID: 35833554 PMCID: PMC9284081 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221103178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Cheetham
- Research Fellow, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Applied Research Collaboration North East and North Cumbria (NIHR200173), based at Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Northumbria University, Coach Lane Campus East, Room H213, Newcastle-u-Tyne, NE7 7XA, UK
| | | | - M Gibson
- Investigator Scientist, MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S V Katikireddi
- Professor of Public Health & Health Inequalities, MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Moffatt
- Professor of Social Gerontology, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - S Morris
- Post Doctoral Research Associate, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - L Munford
- Senior Lecturer in Health Economics, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - F Shenton
- Public Involvement and Community Engagement Manager, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Applied Research Collaboration North East and North Cumbria (NIHR200173), based at CNTW NHS Foundation Trust, St Nicholas' Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE3 3XT, UK
| | - S Wickham
- Wellcome Trust Research Fellow, Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Craig
- Professor of Public Health Evaluation, Inequalities and Health, MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Weise LM, McCormick I, Restrepo C, Hill R, Greene R, Hong M, Potvin C, Flynn P, Morris S, Quick-Weller J. Motor evoked potentials versus Macrostimulation in predicting the postoperative motor threshold in STN Deep brain stimulation. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 219:107332. [PMID: 35738118 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accuracy is crucial in Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). Electrophysiological and image-based techniques are used to avoid suboptimal positioning. Macrostimulation is the gold standard to delineate the therapeutic window intraoperatively. Despite this, electrode revision rates due to malpositioning are as high as 17%. The goal was to compare motor evoked potentials (MEPs) with the gold standard of Macrostimulation. We assessed accuracy and precision as well as the correlation in predicting motor side effects at the initial mapping 4 weeks postoperatively. METHODS In this prospective study intraoperative MEPs from 94 contacts in 16 patients undergoing STN DBS under local anesthesia were correlated to the postoperative threshold for stimulation-induced motor side effects and compared to intraoperative Macrostimulation. Analysis of accuracy, precision and correlation (Pearson) was performed. RESULTS MEPs of the upper extremity had a mean percentage error of 25% (SD 38.8%) and correlated significantly with the motor threshold at postoperative mapping (R=0.235). Macrostimulation was less accurate and precise with a mean percentage error of - 68% (SD 78.8%) but had a higher correlation (R=0.388). MEPs rarely (3%) overestimated the threshold by maximally 1 mA. In contrast, Macrostimulation overestimated the threshold by over 1 mA in 69% leading to a false sense of security. CONCLUSION MEPs are feasible in an awake setting during Deep Brain Stimulation in the STN for PD patients. MEPs of the upper extremity are more accurate and precise predicting the motor threshold and avoid a false sense of security in comparison to the gold standard of Macrostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Martin Weise
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada.
| | - Ian McCormick
- Dalhousie University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Halifax, Canada
| | - Carlos Restrepo
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ron Hill
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ryan Greene
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
| | - Murray Hong
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
| | - Christine Potvin
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
| | - Peggy Flynn
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
| | - Susan Morris
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Canada
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Parthasarathy S, Hyman D, Doherty J, Saad R, Zhang J, Morris S, Eldemir L, Fox B, Vang MKY, Schroeder J, Marshall N, Parks G. 0760 Excessive daytime sleepiness, positive airway pressure, and patient satisfaction with multiple aspects of care in a real-world population with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac079.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and can persist despite use of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. These analyses assessed relationships between EDS, PAP use, and patient satisfaction across several aspects of OSA care in a real-world population with OSA.
Methods
US residents (aged ≥18 years, self-reported physician OSA diagnosis [1/1/2015–3/31/2020]) completed a survey in Evidation Health’s Achievement app assessing Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), PAP usage, and satisfaction with care. Self-reported PAP use was categorized as nonuse, nonadherent (<4 h/night; <5 d/wk), intermediate (4–6 h/night, ≥5 d/wk), or highly adherent (≥6 h/night, ≥5 d/wk) (PAP-adherent=intermediate and highly adherent groups). Logistic regression models assessed impacts of PAP adherence and EDS on satisfaction with care across 7 domains. P-values are uncontrolled for multiplicity (nominal).
Results
Among all participants (N=2289; 50.3% female, 82.5% White, 44.8±11.1 years old [mean±SD], 35.4±8.7 kg/m2 body mass index [mean±SD]), 42.5% had EDS (ESS>10). PAP use was: nonuse (n=700), nonadherent (n=153), or adherent (n=1436; intermediate n=225, high n=1211). Within these subgroups, the proportions (95% CI) with EDS were: nonuse (47% [43.7–51.1]), nonadherent (52% [44.4–60.2]), intermediate (53% [46.4–59.4]), and highly adherent (36% [33.7–39.1]). Logistic regression (using data from PAP users) showed a positive association of PAP adherence with satisfaction with PAP (OR [95% CI]: 5.43 [3.73–7.90]); OSA treatment effectiveness (3.56 [2.48–5.12]); OSA symptom management (3.15 [2.17–4.57]); coordination of OSA care (2.60 [1.82–3.72]); and education from their healthcare provider on the impact of OSA on cardiovascular health (1.62 [1.13–2.35]), importance of using PAP (1.7 [1.15–2.52]), or availability of prescription drugs to treat OSA symptoms (1.55 [1.06–2.26]). The presence of EDS was associated with lower patient satisfaction in nearly all domains examined (ORs ranged from 0.44–0.62 across 6 of 7 domains).
Conclusion
EDS was common in this real-world population with OSA, even among participants who were highly adherent PAP users. PAP adherence was associated with higher patient satisfaction across all care domains; the presence of EDS was associated with lower patient satisfaction across 6 of 7 domains.
Support (If Any)
Jazz Pharmaceuticals
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Parthasarathy S, Hyman D, Doherty J, Saad R, Zhang J, Morris S, Eldemir L, Fox B, Vang MKY, Schroeder J, Marshall N, Parks G. 0759 A real world study assessing patient satisfaction in the primary care setting in relation to excessive daytime sleepiness in participants with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac079.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is common in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), despite positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. These analyses evaluated EDS prevalence and its relationship with satisfaction with care in participants with OSA receiving OSA care in a primary care setting.
Methods
US residents (aged ≥18 years, self-reported physician OSA diagnosis [1/1/2015–3/31/2020]) completed a survey in Evidation Health’s Achievement app assessing Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), specialties of healthcare providers (HCPs) treating OSA, PAP usage, and satisfaction with HCPs and overall OSA care. Self-reported PAP use was categorized: nonuse, nonadherent (<4 h/night, <5 d/wk), intermediate (4–6 h/night, ≥5 d/wk), or highly-adherent (≥6 h/night, ≥5 d/wk) (PAP-adherent=intermediate+highly-adherent groups). Linear modeling assessed the relationship between PAP use and ESS score; logistic regression assessed impacts of PAP adherence and EDS on satisfaction with care. P-values are uncontrolled for multiplicity.
Results
Participants (N=2289) were 50.3% female; 82.5% White; 44.8±11.1 years old (mean±SD); with BMI 35.4±8.7 kg/m2; 42.5% had EDS (ESS>10). OSA was primarily managed by sleep specialists (43.5%), general practitioners (GPs) (42.5% [28.9% saw a GP only; 13.6% saw a GP and a specialist/pulmonologist]), and/or pulmonologists (18.0%). Among participants with OSA managed by a GP only (n=662), proportions (95% CI) with EDS were: PAP nonuse (49% [42.8–54.9]), nonadherent (47% [31.5–63.2]), intermediate (47% [33.4–60.8]), and highly-adherent (35% [29.3–39.9]). Linear modeling (PAP users; n=398) showed an additional h/night of PAP use was associated with lower ESS scores (estimate [SE], –0.26 [0.13]; P<0.05); logistic regression showed association between PAP adherence and higher satisfaction with HCPs (adjOR=2.26; 95% CI=1.09–4.70; P<0.05) and OSA care (adjOR=1.58; 95% CI=0.75–3.36; P>0.05). There was an association between presence of EDS and lower satisfaction with their HCPs (adjOR=0.62; 95% CI=0.39–0.99; P<0.05) and OSA care (adjOR=0.49; 95% CI=0.31–0.79; P<0.05).
Conclusion
In a real-world population of participants with OSA receiving OSA care from GPs, EDS was common, even among highly-adherent PAP users. ESS scores were generally lower with increasing PAP adherence. PAP adherence was associated with increased satisfaction with their HCPs; EDS was associated with lower satisfaction with HCPs and overall OSA care.
Support (If Any)
Jazz Pharmaceuticals
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Howarth AR, Apea V, Michie S, Morris S, Sachikonye M, Mercer CH, Evans A, Delpech VC, Sabin C, Burns FM. Associations with sub-optimal clinic attendance and reasons for missed appointments among heterosexual women and men living with HIV in London. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:3620-3629. [PMID: 35536520 PMCID: PMC9550732 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poor engagement in HIV care is associated with poorer health outcomes and increased mortality. Our survey examined experiential and circumstantial factors associated with clinic attendance among women (n = 250) and men (n = 106) in London with heterosexually-acquired HIV. While no associations were found for women, among men, sub-optimal attendance was associated with insecure immigration status (25.6% vs. 1.8%), unstable housing (32.6% vs. 10.2%) and reported effect of HIV on daily activities (58.7% vs. 40.0%). Among women and men on ART, it was associated with missing doses of ART (OR = 2.96, 95% CI:1.74-5.02), less belief in the necessity of ART (OR = 0.56, 95% CI:0.35-0.90) and more concern about ART (OR = 3.63, 95% CI:1.45-9.09). Not wanting to think about being HIV positive was the top reason for ever missing clinic appointments. It is important to tackle stigma and the underlying social determinants of health to improve HIV prevention, and the health and well-being of people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Howarth
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
- UCL Institute for Global Health, Mortimer Market Centre, off Capper Street, WC1E 6JB, London, UK.
| | - V Apea
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S Michie
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Morris
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - C H Mercer
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Evans
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - C Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - F M Burns
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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Ponsford R, Bragg S, Meiksin R, Tilouche N, Van Dyck L, Sturgess J, Allen E, Elbourne D, Hadley A, Lohan M, Mercer CH, Melendez Torres GJ, Morris S, Young H, Campbell R, Bonell C. Feasibility and acceptability of a whole-school social-marketing intervention to prevent unintended teenage pregnancies and promote sexual health: evidence for progression from a pilot to a phase III randomised trial in English secondary schools. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:52. [PMID: 35246272 PMCID: PMC8895534 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-00971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reducing unintended teenage pregnancy and promoting adolescent sexual health remains a priority in England. Both whole-school and social-marketing interventions are promising approaches to addressing these aims. However, such interventions have not been rigorously trialled in the UK and it is unclear if they are appropriate for delivery in English secondary schools. We developed and pilot trialled Positive Choices, a new whole-school social marketing intervention to address unintended teenage pregnancy and promote sexual health. Our aim was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and trial methods in English secondary schools against pre-defined progression criteria (relating to randomisation, survey follow-up, intervention fidelity and acceptability and linkage to birth/abortion records) prior to carrying out a phase III trial of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Methods Pilot RCT with integral process evaluation involving four intervention and two control schools in south-east England. The intervention comprised a student needs survey; a student/staff-led school health promotion council; a classroom curriculum for year-9 students (aged 13–14); whole-school student-led social-marketing activities; parent information; and a review of local and school-based sexual health services. Baseline surveys were conducted with year 8 (aged 12–13) in June 2018. Follow-up surveys were completed 12 months later. Process evaluation data included audio recording of staff training, surveys of trained staff, staff log books and researcher observations of intervention activities. Survey data from female students were linked to records of births and abortions to assess the feasibility of these constituting a phase III primary outcome. Results All six schools were successfully randomised and retained in the trial. Response rates to the survey were above 80% in both arms at both baseline and follow-up. With the exception of the parent materials, the fidelity target for implementation of essential elements in three out of four schools was achieved. Student surveys indicated 80% acceptability among those who reported awareness of the programme and interviews with staff suggested strong acceptability. Linkage to birth/abortion records was feasible although none occurred among participants. Conclusions The criteria for progression to a phase III trial were met. Our data suggest that a whole-school social-marketing approach may be appropriate for topics that are clearly prioritised by schools. A phase III trial of this intervention is now warranted to establish effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Births and terminations are not an appropriate primary outcome measure for such a trial. Trial registration ISRCTN65324176.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ponsford
- Department of Public Health, Environments & Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
| | - S Bragg
- Department of Education, Practice and Society, University College London, 20 Bedford Way, WC1H 0AL, London, UK
| | - R Meiksin
- Department of Public Health, Environments & Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - N Tilouche
- Department of Public Health, Environments & Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - L Van Dyck
- Clinical Trials Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - J Sturgess
- Clinical Trials Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - E Allen
- Clinical Trials Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - D Elbourne
- Clinical Trials Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - A Hadley
- Teenage Pregnancy Knowledge Exchange, University of Bedfordshire, University Square, Luton, LU1 3JU, UK
| | - M Lohan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - C H Mercer
- University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - S Morris
- Department of Health and Primary Care, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - H Young
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, UK
| | - R Campbell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - C Bonell
- Department of Public Health, Environments & Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
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Berry I, Mangtani P, Rahman M, Greer A, Morris S, Anwar R, Lisa M, Shirin T, Islam M, Chowdhury F, Dunkle S, Brum E, Osmani M, Flora M, Fisman D. Seasonality of Human Influenza and Co-Seasonality with Avian Influenza in Bangladesh, 2010-2019. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Spencer AJ, Morris S, Ulaszewska M, Powers C, Kailath R, Bissett C, Truby A, Thakur N, Newman J, Allen ER, Rudiansyah I, Liu C, Dejnirattisai W, Mongkolsapaya J, Davies H, Donnellan FR, Pulido D, Peacock TP, Barclay WS, Bright H, Ren K, Screaton G, McTamney P, Bailey D, Gilbert SC, Lambe T. The ChAdOx1 vectored vaccine, AZD2816, induces strong immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 beta (B.1.351) and other variants of concern in preclinical studies. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103902. [PMID: 35228013 PMCID: PMC8881183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an ongoing global effort to design, manufacture, and clinically assess vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Over the course of the ongoing pandemic a number of new SARS-CoV-2 virus isolates or variants of concern (VoC) have been identified containing mutations in key proteins. METHODS In this study we describe the generation and preclinical assessment of a ChAdOx1-vectored vaccine (AZD2816) which expresses the spike protein of the Beta VoC (B.1.351). FINDINGS We demonstrate that AZD2816 is immunogenic after a single dose. When AZD2816 is used as a booster dose in animals primed with a vaccine encoding the original spike protein (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/ [AZD1222]), an increase in binding and neutralising antibodies against Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1) and Delta (B.1.617.2) is observed following each additional dose. In addition, a strong and polyfunctional T cell response was measured all booster regimens. INTERPRETATION Real world data is demonstrating that one or more doses of licensed SARS-CoV-2 vaccines confer reduced protection against hospitalisation and deaths caused by divergent VoC, including Omicron. Our data support the ongoing clinical development and testing of booster vaccines to increase immunity against highly mutated VoC. FUNDING This research was funded by AstraZeneca with supporting funds from MRC and BBSRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Spencer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Susan Morris
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Ulaszewska
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Powers
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Reshma Kailath
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron Bissett
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Truby
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nazia Thakur
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom; The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Newman
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth R Allen
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Indra Rudiansyah
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Chang Liu
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Juthathip Mongkolsapaya
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Davies
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca R Donnellan
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - David Pulido
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas P Peacock
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy S Barclay
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Bright
- Virology and Vaccine Discovery, Microbial Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD United States
| | - Kuishu Ren
- Virology and Vaccine Discovery, Microbial Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD United States
| | - Gavin Screaton
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick McTamney
- Virology and Vaccine Discovery, Microbial Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD United States
| | - Dalan Bailey
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Lambe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Pérol M, Felip E, Dafni U, Polito L, Pal N, Tsourti Z, Ton TGN, Merritt D, Morris S, Stahel R, Peters S. Effectiveness of PD-(L)1 Inhibitors Alone or in Combination With Platinum-Doublet Chemotherapy in First-Line (1L) Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (nsq-NSCLC) With PD-L1-High Expression Using Real-World Data. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:511-521. [PMID: 35218887 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-(L)1 therapy alone (cancer immunotherapy [CIT]-mono) or combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (CIT-chemo) is used as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our study compared clinical outcomes with CIT-mono vs CIT-chemo in the specific clinical scenario of non-squamous (Nsq)-NSCLC with a high PD-L1 expression of ≥50% (tumor proportion score (TPS) or tumor cells (TC)). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study using a real-world de-identified database. Patients with metastatic Nsq-NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression initiating first-line CIT-mono or CIT-chemo between 24 October 2016 and 28 February 2019 were followed up to 28 February 2020. We compared overall survival (OS) and real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) using Kaplan-Meier methodology. Hazard ratios (HR) were adjusted (aHR) for differences in baseline key prognostic characteristics using inverse probability of treatment weighting methodology. RESULTS Patients with PD-L1-high Nsq-NSCLC treated with CIT-mono (n=351), were older and less often presented with de novo stage IV disease than patients treated with CIT-chemo (n=169). With a median follow-up of 19.9 months for CIT-chemo vs 23.5 months for CIT-mono, median OS and rwPFS did not differ between the two groups (median OS: CIT-chemo, 21.0 months vs CIT-mono, 22.1 months, aHR=1.03, 95% CI 0.77-1.39, P=0.83; median rwPFS: CIT-chemo, 10.8 months vs CIT-mono, 11.5 months, aHR=1.04, 95% CI 0.78-1.37, P=0.81). CIT-chemo showed significant and meaningful improvement in OS and rwPFS vs CIT-mono only in the never-smoker subgroup, albeit among a small sample of patients (n=50; OS HR=0.25, 95% CI 0.07-0.83, interaction P=0.02; rwPFS HR=0.40, 95% CI 0.17-0.95, interaction P=0.04). CONCLUSION Except in the subgroup of never-smoker patients, sparing the chemotherapy in first-line CIT treatment does not appear to impact survival outcomes in Nsq-NSCLC patients with high PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pérol
- Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - E Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - U Dafni
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, & Frontier Science Foundation Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - L Polito
- Product Development Data Sciences, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - N Pal
- Product Development Data Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Z Tsourti
- Frontier Science Foundation Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - T G N Ton
- Product Development Data Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Merritt
- Product Development Medical Affairs, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Morris
- Product Development Medical Affairs, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Stahel
- European Thoracic Oncology Platform (ETOP), Coordinating Office, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - S Peters
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wymant C, Bezemer D, Blanquart F, Ferretti L, Gall A, Hall M, Golubchik T, Bakker M, Ong SH, Zhao L, Bonsall D, de Cesare M, MacIntyre-Cockett G, Abeler-Dörner L, Albert J, Bannert N, Fellay J, Grabowski MK, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Günthard HF, Kivelä P, Kouyos RD, Laeyendecker O, Meyer L, Porter K, Ristola M, van Sighem A, Berkhout B, Kellam P, Cornelissen M, Reiss P, Fraser C, Aubert V, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Böni J, Braun DL, Bucher HC, Burton-Jeangros C, Calmy A, Cavassini M, Dollenmaier G, Egger M, Elzi L, Fehr J, Fellay J, Furrer H, Fux CA, Gorgievski M, Günthard H, Haerry D, Hasse B, Hirsch HH, Hoffmann M, Hösli I, Kahlert C, Kaiser L, Keiser O, Klimkait T, Kouyos R, Kovari H, Ledergerber B, Martinetti G, de Tejada BM, Marzolini C, Metzner K, Müller N, Nadal D, Nicca D, Pantaleo G, Rauch A, Regenass S, Rudin C, Schöni-Affolter F, Schmid P, Speck R, Stöckle M, Tarr P, Trkola A, Vernazza P, Weber R, Yerly S, van der Valk M, Geerlings SE, Goorhuis A, Hovius JW, Lempkes B, Nellen FJB, van der Poll T, Prins JM, Reiss P, van Vugt M, Wiersinga WJ, Wit FWMN, van Duinen M, van Eden J, Hazenberg A, van Hes AMH, Rajamanoharan S, Robinson T, Taylor B, Brewer C, Mayr C, Schmidt W, Speidel A, Strohbach F, Arastéh K, Cordes C, Pijnappel FJJ, Stündel M, Claus J, Baumgarten A, Carganico A, Ingiliz P, Dupke S, Freiwald M, Rausch M, Moll A, Schleehauf D, Smalhout SY, Hintsche B, Klausen G, Jessen H, Jessen A, Köppe S, Kreckel P, Schranz D, Fischer K, Schulbin H, Speer M, Weijsenfeld AM, Glaunsinger T, Wicke T, Bieniek B, Hillenbrand H, Schlote F, Lauenroth-Mai E, Schuler C, Schürmann D, Wesselmann H, Brockmeyer N, Jurriaans S, Gehring P, Schmalöer D, Hower M, Spornraft-Ragaller P, Häussinger D, Reuter S, Esser S, Markus R, Kreft B, Berzow D, Back NKT, Christl A, Meyer A, Plettenberg A, Stoehr A, Graefe K, Lorenzen T, Adam A, Schewe K, Weitner L, Fenske S, Zaaijer HL, Hansen S, Stellbrink HJ, Wiemer D, Hertling S, Schmidt R, Arbter P, Claus B, Galle P, Jäger H, Jä 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Vries-Sluijs TEMS, Bax HI, van Gorp ECM, de Jong-Peltenburg NC, de Mendonç A Melo M, van Nood E, Nouwen JL, Rijnders BJA, Rokx C, Schurink CAM, Slobbe L, Verbon A, Bassant N, van Beek JEA, Vriesde M, van Zonneveld LM, de Groot J, Boucher CAB, Koopmans MPG, van Kampen JJA, Fraaij PLA, van Rossum AMC, Vermont CL, van der Knaap LC, Visser E, Branger J, Douma RA, Cents-Bosma AS, Duijf-van de Ven CJHM, Schippers EF, van Nieuwkoop C, van Ijperen JM, Geilings J, van der Hut G, van Burgel ND, Leyten EMS, Gelinck LBS, Mollema F, Davids-Veldhuis S, Tearno C, Wildenbeest GS, Heikens E, Groeneveld PHP, Bouwhuis JW, Lammers AJJ, Kraan S, van Hulzen AGW, Kruiper MSM, van der Bliek GL, Bor PCJ, Debast SB, Wagenvoort GHJ, Kroon FP, de Boer MGJ, Jolink H, Lambregts MMC, Roukens AHE, Scheper H, Dorama W, van Holten N, Claas ECJ, Wessels E, den Hollander JG, El Moussaoui R, Pogany K, Brouwer CJ, Smit JV, Struik-Kalkman D, van Niekerk T, Pontesilli O, Lowe SH, Oude Lashof AML, Posthouwer D, van Wolfswinkel ME, Ackens RP, Burgers K, Schippers J, Weijenberg-Maes B, van Loo IHM, Havenith TRA, van Vonderen MGA, Kampschreur LM, Faber S, Steeman-Bouma R, Al Moujahid A, Kootstra GJ, Delsing CE, van der Burg-van de Plas M, Scheiberlich L, Kortmann W, van Twillert G, Renckens R, Ruiter-Pronk D, van Truijen-Oud FA, Cohen Stuart JWT, Jansen ER, Hoogewerf M, Rozemeijer W, van der Reijden WA, Sinnige JC, Brinkman K, van den Berk GEL, Blok WL, Lettinga KD, de Regt M, Schouten WEM, Stalenhoef JE, Veenstra J, Vrouenraets SME, Blaauw H, Geerders GF, Kleene MJ, Kok M, Knapen M, van der Meché IB, Mulder-Seeleman E, Toonen AJM, Wijnands S, Wttewaal E, Kwa D, van Crevel R, van Aerde K, Dofferhoff ASM, Henriet SSV, Ter Hofstede HJM, Hoogerwerf J, Keuter M, Richel O, Albers M, Grintjes-Huisman KJT, de Haan M, Marneef M, Strik-Albers R, Rahamat-Langendoen J, Stelma FF, Burger D, Gisolf EH, Hassing RJ, Claassen M, Ter Beest G, van Bentum PHM, Langebeek N, Tiemessen R, Swanink CMA, van Lelyveld SFL, Soetekouw R, van der Prijt LMM, van der Swaluw J, Bermon N, van der Reijden WA, Jansen R, Herpers BL, Veenendaal D, Verhagen DWM, Lauw FN, van Broekhuizen MC, van Wijk M, Bierman WFW, Bakker M, Kleinnijenhuis J, Kloeze E, Middel A, Postma DF, Schölvinck EH, Stienstra Y, Verhage AR, Wouthuyzen-Bakker M, Boonstra A, de Groot-de Jonge H, van der Meulen PA, de Weerd DA, Niesters HGM, van Leer-Buter CC, Knoester M, Hoepelman AIM, Arends JE, Barth RE, Bruns AHW, Ellerbroek PM, Mudrikova T, Oosterheert JJ, Schadd EM, van Welzen BJ, Aarsman K, Griffioen-van Santen BMG, de Kroon I, van Berkel M, van Rooijen CSAM, Schuurman R, Verduyn-Lunel F, Wensing AMJ, Bont LJ, Geelen SPM, Loeffen YGT, Wolfs TFW, Nauta N, Rooijakkers EOW, Holtsema H, Voigt R, van de Wetering D, Alberto A, van der Meer I, Rosingh A, Halaby T, Zaheri S, Boyd AC, Bezemer DO, van Sighem AI, Smit C, Hillebregt M, de Jong A, Woudstra T, Bergsma D, Meijering R, van de Sande L, Rutkens T, van der Vliet S, de Groot L, van den Akker M, Bakker Y, El Berkaoui A, Bezemer M, Brétin N, Djoechro E, Groters M, Kruijne E, Lelivelt KJ, Lodewijk C, Lucas E, Munjishvili L, Paling F, Peeck B, Ree C, Regtop R, Ruijs Y, Schoorl M, Schnörr P, Scheigrond A, Tuijn E, Veenenberg L, Visser KM, Witte EC, Ruijs Y, Van Frankenhuijsen M, Allegre T, Makhloufi D, Livrozet JM, Chiarello P, Godinot M, Brunel-Dalmas F, Gibert S, Trepo C, Peyramond D, Miailhes P, Koffi J, Thoirain V, Brochier C, Baudry T, Pailhes S, Lafeuillade A, Philip G, Hittinger G, Assi A, Lambry V, Rosenthal E, Naqvi A, Dunais B, Cua E, Pradier C, Durant J, Joulie A, Quinsat D, Tempesta S, Ravaux I, Martin IP, Faucher O, Cloarec N, Champagne H, Pichancourt G, Morlat P, Pistone T, Bonnet F, Mercie P, Faure I, Hessamfar M, Malvy D, Lacoste D, Pertusa MC, Vandenhende MA, Bernard N, Paccalin F, Martell C, Roger-Schmelz J, Receveur MC, Duffau P, Dondia D, Ribeiro E, Caltado S, Neau D, Dupont M, Dutronc H, Dauchy F, Cazanave C, Vareil MO, Wirth G, Le Puil S, Pellegrin JL, Raymond I, Viallard JF, Chaigne de Lalande S, Garipuy D, Delobel P, Obadia M, Cuzin L, Alvarez M, Biezunski N, Porte L, Massip P, Debard A, Balsarin F, Lagarrigue M, Prevoteau du Clary F, Aquilina C, Reynes J, Baillat V, Merle C, Lemoing V, Atoui N, Makinson A, Jacquet JM, Psomas C, Tramoni C, Aumaitre H, Saada M, Medus M, Malet M, Eden A, Neuville S, Ferreyra M, Sotto A, Barbuat C, Rouanet I, Leureillard D, Mauboussin JM, Lechiche C, Donsesco R, Cabie A, Abel S, Pierre-Francois S, Batala AS, Cerland C, Rangom C, Theresine N, Hoen B, Lamaury I, Fabre I, Schepers K, Curlier E, Ouissa R, Gaud C, Ricaud C, Rodet R, Wartel G, Sautron C, Beck-Wirth G, Michel C, Beck C, Halna JM, Kowalczyk J, Benomar M, Drobacheff-Thiebaut C, Chirouze C, Faucher JF, Parcelier F, Foltzer A, Haffner-Mauvais C, Hustache Mathieu M, Proust A, Piroth L, Chavanet P, Duong M, Buisson M, Waldner A, Mahy S, Gohier S, Croisier D, May T, Delestan M, Andre M, Zadeh MM, Martinot M, Rosolen B, Pachart A, Martha B, Jeunet N, Rey D, Cheneau C, Partisani M, Priester M, Bernard-Henry C, Batard ML, Fischer P, Berger JL, Kmiec I, Robineau O, Huleux T, Ajana F, Alcaraz I, Allienne C, Baclet V, Meybeck A, Valette M, Viget N, Aissi E, Biekre R, Cornavin P, Merrien D, Seghezzi JC, Machado M, Diab G, Raffi F, Bonnet B, Allavena C, Grossi O, Reliquet V, Billaud E, Brunet C, Bouchez S, Morineau-Le Houssine P, Sauser F, Boutoille D, Besnier M, Hue H, Hall N, Brosseau D, Souala F, Michelet C, Tattevin P, Arvieux C, Revest M, Leroy H, Chapplain JM, Dupont M, Fily F, Patra-Delo S, Lefeuvre C, Bernard L, Bastides F, Nau P, Verdon R, de la Blanchardiere A, Martin A, Feret P, Geffray L, Daniel C, Rohan J, Fialaire P, Chennebault JM, Rabier V, Abgueguen P, Rehaiem S, Luycx O, Niault M, Moreau P, Poinsignon Y, Goussef M, Mouton-Rioux V, Houlbert D, Alvarez-Huve S, Barbe F, Haret S, Perre P, Leantez-Nainville S, Esnault JL, Guimard T, Suaud I, Girard JJ, Simonet V, Debab Y, Schmit JL, Jacomet C, Weinberck P, Genet C, Pinet P, Ducroix S, Durox H, Denes É, Abraham B, Gourdon F, Antoniotti O, Molina JM, Ferret S, Lascoux-Combe C, Lafaurie M, Colin de Verdiere N, Ponscarme D, De Castro N, Aslan A, Rozenbaum W, Pintado C, Clavel F, Taulera O, Gatey C, Munier AL, Gazaigne S, Penot P, Conort G, Lerolle N, Leplatois A, Balausine S, Delgado J, Timsit J, Tabet M, Gerard L, Girard PM, Picard O, Tredup J, Bollens D, Valin N, Campa P, Bottero J, Lefebvre B, Tourneur M, Fonquernie L, Wemmert C, Lagneau JL, Yazdanpanah Y, Phung B, Pinto A, Vallois D, Cabras O, Louni F, Pialoux G, Lyavanc T, Berrebi V, Chas J, Lenagat S, Rami A, Diemer M, Parrinello M, Depond A, Salmon D, Guillevin L, Tahi T, Belarbi L, Loulergue P, Zak Dit Zbar O, Launay O, Silbermann B, Leport C, Alagna L, Pietri MP, Simon A, Bonmarchand M, Amirat N, Pichon F, Kirstetter M, Katlama C, Valantin MA, Tubiana R, Caby F, Schneider L, Ktorza N, Calin R, Merlet A, Ben Abdallah S, Weiss L, Buisson M, Batisse D, Karmochine M, Pavie J, Minozzi C, Jayle D, 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Summerfield H, Evans M, White C, Robertson R, Lean C, Morris S, Winter A, Faulkner S, Goorney B, Howard L, Fairley I, Stemp C, Short L, Gomez M, Young F, Roberts M, Green S, Sivakumar K, Minton J, Siminoni A, Calderwood J, Greenhough D, DeSouza C, Muthern L, Orkin C, Murphy S, Truvedi M, McLean K, Hawkins D, Higgs C, Moyes A, Antonucci S, McCormack S, Lynn W, Bevan M, Fox J, Teague A, Anderson J, Mguni S, Post F, Campbell L, Mazhude C, Russell H, Gilson R, Carrick G, Ainsworth J, Waters A, Byrne P, Johnson M, Fidler S, Kuldanek K, Mullaney S, Lawlor V, Melville R, Sukthankar A, Thorpe S, Murphy C, Wilkins E, Ahmad S, Green P, Tayal S, Ong E, Meaden J, Riddell L, Loay D, Peacock K, Blackman H, Harindra V, Saeed AM, Allen S, Natarajan U, Williams O, Lacey H, Care C, Bowman C, Herman S, Devendra SV, Wither J, Bridgwood A, Singh G, Bushby S, Kellock D, Young S, Rooney G, Snart B, Currie J, Fitzgerald M, Arumainayyagam J, Chandramani S. A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands. Science 2022; 375:540-545. [PMID: 35113714 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk1688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log10 increase (i.e., a ~3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited CD4 cell decline twice as fast as, 6604 individuals with other subtype-B strains. Without treatment, advanced HIV-CD4 cell counts below 350 cells per cubic millimeter, with long-term clinical consequences-is expected to be reached, on average, 9 months after diagnosis for individuals in their thirties with this variant. Age, sex, suspected mode of transmission, and place of birth for the aforementioned 109 individuals were typical for HIV-positive people in the Netherlands, which suggests that the increased virulence is attributable to the viral strain. Genetic sequence analysis suggests that this variant arose in the 1990s from de novo mutation, not recombination, with increased transmissibility and an unfamiliar molecular mechanism of virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Wymant
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - François Blanquart
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Luca Ferretti
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Astrid Gall
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Hall
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tanya Golubchik
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Margreet Bakker
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Swee Hoe Ong
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lele Zhao
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Bonsall
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mariateresa de Cesare
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - George MacIntyre-Cockett
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucie Abeler-Dörner
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Albert
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Norbert Bannert
- Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Kate Grabowski
- Department of Pathology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Huldrych F Günthard
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pia Kivelä
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roger D Kouyos
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Laurence Meyer
- INSERM CESP U1018, Université Paris Saclay, APHP, Service de Santé Publique, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Kholoud Porter
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matti Ristola
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ben Berkhout
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul Kellam
- Kymab Ltd., Cambridge, UK.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marion Cornelissen
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter Reiss
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christophe Fraser
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Vatzia E, Allen ER, Manjegowda T, Morris S, McNee A, Martini V, Kaliath R, Ulaszewska M, Boyd A, Paudyal B, Carr VB, Chrun T, Maze E, MacLoughlin R, van Diemen PM, Everett HE, Lambe T, Gilbert SC, Tchilian E. Respiratory and Intramuscular Immunization With ChAdOx2-NPM1-NA Induces Distinct Immune Responses in H1N1pdm09 Pre-Exposed Pigs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:763912. [PMID: 34804053 PMCID: PMC8595216 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need to develop superior influenza vaccines that provide broader protection. Influenza vaccines are traditionally tested in naive animals, although humans are exposed to influenza in the first years of their lives, but the impact of prior influenza exposure on vaccine immune responses has not been well studied. Pigs are an important natural host for influenza, are a source of pandemic viruses, and are an excellent model for human influenza. Here, we investigated the immunogenicity of the ChAdOx2 viral vectored vaccine, expressing influenza nucleoprotein, matrix protein 1, and neuraminidase in H1N1pdm09 pre-exposed pigs. We evaluated the importance of the route of administration by comparing intranasal, aerosol, and intramuscular immunizations. Aerosol delivery boosted the local lung T-cell and antibody responses, while intramuscular immunization boosted peripheral blood immunity. These results will inform how best to deliver vaccines in order to harness optimal protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vatzia
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth R Allen
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tanuja Manjegowda
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Morris
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam McNee
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica Martini
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Reshma Kaliath
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Ulaszewska
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Boyd
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Basudev Paudyal
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica B Carr
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Tiphany Chrun
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Maze
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Helen E Everett
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA)-Weybridge, Addlestone, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Lambe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elma Tchilian
- Enhanced Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom
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Wang YG, Menno D, Chen A, Steininger TL, Morris S, Black J, Profant J, Johns MW. Validation of the Epworth sleepiness scale for children and adolescents (ESS-CHAD) questionnaire in pediatric patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy aged 7-16 years. Sleep Med 2021; 89:78-84. [PMID: 34920345 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND The Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD) measures daytime sleepiness, but had not previously been validated in children <12 years. PATIENTS/METHODS Data from a sodium oxybate (SXB) study in pediatric participants with narcolepsy with cataplexy (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02221869) were used in this validation study. SXB-naive participants completed an open-label titration period prior to entering a 2-week stable-dose period; participants taking SXB at study entry entered a 3-week stable-dose period. RESULTS The analysis population (N = 100) had a mean (SD) age of 11.9 (2.39) years. Internal consistency as assessed by Cronbach's alpha was 0.750 (95% CI, 0.681-0.819). The intraclass correlation coefficient for the test-retest reliability assessment (n = 64 with stable or no stimulant use at study entry) was 0.755 (95% CI, 0.626-0.844). Responsiveness to change, measured as the mean within-person change in 1-week ESS-CHAD score over time in SXB-naive participants (n = 59) from baseline (before taking SXB) to end of the stable-dose period (taking the titrated amount of SXB), was -6.31 (95% CI: -7.61, -5.00; nominal P < 0.0001). For convergent construct validity, the mean (SD) scores for female (n = 40) and male (n = 60) participants were 13.98 (4.440) and 14.65 (4.050), respectively (nominal P = 0.4430). For divergent construct validity, the mean (SD) scores were 16.31 (2.978) in the group who were taking neither SXB nor stimulants at study entry (n = 32) and 13.47 (4.400) in the group taking SXB with or without stimulants at study entry (n = 68; nominal P = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS This evidence supports the validity of the 1-week ESS-CHAD in a pediatric population with narcolepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Grace Wang
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3170 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| | - Diane Menno
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2005 Market Street, Suite 2100, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - Abby Chen
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3170 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | | | - Susan Morris
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3170 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Jed Black
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3170 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA; Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - Judi Profant
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 3170 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Murray W Johns
- Epworth Sleep Centre, Level 3, 126 Wellington Parade, East Melbourne, 3002, Australia
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O'Halloran A, Gallagher N, Farrell T, Darwish S, Morris S. 1456 Back-To-Back Surgeries: A Clinic Case Report Regarding Multiple Complex Spinal Surgeries for Treatment of Multiple Osteochondroma With Histological Conversion to Chondrosarcoma. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Multiple Hereditary Osteochondromas [MHO], previously known as multiple hereditary exostoses, is a rare disorder of bone growth, whereby osseous transformation of the cartilage caps within the diaphyses of long bones or flat bones within the skeleton occurs. A significant complication of MHO is the conversion of any present osteochondroma into a malignant chondrosarcoma. Chondrosarcomas are mesenchymal, non-meningothelial tumours and most commonly present with insidious pain, associated neurological deficit by means of impingement of underlying nerves.
Case presentation
We present a clinical case of a 29-year-old female medical student with a background history of multiple hereditary osteochondromas. A previously competitive cross-fitter, she developed the conversion of MHO into a malignant chondrosarcoma. Presenting to outpatient clinic in late 2017, this lady had a 2-year history of lower back pain and an associated palpable lump. An MRI of the thoracolumbar spine demonstrated a large mass arising from the posterior elements of T11 to L2. A biopsy at the time was found to be of benign pathology, most likely in keeping with this patient’s diagnosis of MHO. The patient returned for review in early 2018, where a repeat MRI showed extension of the previously described lesion into the spinal canal at the level of L1 vertebra. This was concerning that this previously identified osteochondroma lesion could be undergoing malignant transformation. The patient went on to have a series of complex spinal surgeries which we will discuss below.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O'Halloran
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Gallagher
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Farrell
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Darwish
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Morris
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Sarkar S, White C, Stevenson R, Knight H, Morris S, MacLeod J, Legare J. IMPLEMENTATION OF STANDARDIZED SCREENING OF CARDIOGENIC SHOCK (CS) FOR ALL PATIENTS ADMITTED TO THE CCU AT THE NEW BRUNSWICK HEART CENTRE. Can J Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Chappell A, Allison GT, Gibson N, Williams G, Morris S. The effect of a low-load plyometric running intervention on leg stiffness in youth with cerebral palsy: A randomised controlled trial. Gait Posture 2021; 90:441-448. [PMID: 34600178 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.09.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether a running intervention utilising plyometric activities improved leg stiffness in youth with cerebral palsy (CP), GMFCS levels I and II. METHOD This stratified randomised controlled trial examined the lower limb kinetics and kinematics of a sample of youths with CP during sub-maximal hopping and running, prior to and immediately following a 12-week running intervention that incorporated low load plyometric training. Included participants were 13 in the control group (mean age 13 years 2 months [SD 2 years 7 months]; six males; nine GMFCS level I; six unilateral) and 18 in the intervention group (mean age 12 years 9 months [SD 2 years 10 months]; 13 males; 11 GMFCS level I; nine unilateral). Derived variables included three-dimensional leg stiffness as well as resultant ground reaction force and change in leg length. Generalised linear mixed models were developed for statistical analysis. RESULTS At follow-up the intervention group had greater leg stiffness than the control group during submaximal hopping (Intervention median = 3278Nm-1; Control median = 1556Nm-1; p < 0.01). At follow-up, participants in the intervention group in GMFCS Level I had greater leg stiffness than the control group during jogging (Intervention mean=38.84 (SD=25.55); Control mean=29.38 (SD=11.11); t = 2.61 p = 0.01). INTERPRETATION A running training intervention which includes plyometric activities can improve leg stiffness in young people with CP, especially those in GMFCS level I.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chappell
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
| | - G T Allison
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - N Gibson
- Perth Children's Hospital, Locked Bag 2010, Nedlands, Western Australia 6909, Australia
| | - G Williams
- School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - S Morris
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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39
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Rosenberg R, Babson K, Menno D, Morris S, Baladi M, Hyman D, Black J. Test-retest reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in clinical trial settings. J Sleep Res 2021; 31:e13476. [PMID: 34545626 PMCID: PMC9285450 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present analysis examined the test–retest reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in participants with excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea in three clinical trials. Intraclass correlation coefficient estimates for Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores from two solriamfetol 12‐week placebo‐controlled trials (one narcolepsy, one obstructive sleep apnea) and one long‐term open‐label extension trial (narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea) were calculated using postbaseline time‐point pairs for the overall population in each trial, by treatment, and by primary obstructive sleep apnea therapy adherence. In the 12‐week narcolepsy trial, intraclass correlation coefficients (95% confidence intervals) were 0.83 (0.79, 0.87) for weeks 4 and 8 (n = 199), 0.87 (0.83, 0.90) for weeks 8 and 12 (n = 196), and 0.81 (0.76, 0.85) for weeks 4 and 12 (n = 196). In the 12‐week obstructive sleep apnea trial, intraclass correlation coefficients (95% confidence intervals) were 0.74 (0.69, 0.78) (n = 416), 0.80 (0.76, 0.83) (n = 405), and 0.74 (0.69, 0.78) (n = 405), respectively. In the open‐label extension trial, intraclass correlation coefficients (95% confidence intervals) were 0.82 (0.79, 0.85) for weeks 14 and 26/27 (n = 495), 0.85 (0.82, 0.87) for weeks 26/27 and 39/40 (n = 463), and 0.78 (0.74, 0.81) for weeks 14 and 39/40 (n = 463). Placebo/solriamfetol treatment or adherence to primary obstructive sleep apnea therapy did not affect reliability. In conclusion, across three large clinical trials of participants with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea, Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores demonstrated a robust acceptable level of test–retest reliability in evaluating treatment response over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Rosenberg
- NeuroTrials Research, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta School of Sleep Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jed Black
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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40
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Beeken RJ, Leurent B, Vickerstaff V, Wilson R, Croker H, Morris S, Omar RZ, Nazareth I, Wardle J. Correction to: A brief intervention for weight control based on habit-formation theory delivered through primary care: results from a randomised controlled trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2137-2138. [PMID: 34099843 PMCID: PMC8380537 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R J Beeken
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - B Leurent
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - V Vickerstaff
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - H Croker
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Morris
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Z Omar
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - I Nazareth
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Wardle
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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41
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Arzola-Martínez L, Benavente R, Vega G, Ríos M, Fonseca W, Rasky AJ, Morris S, Lukacs NW, Villalón MJ. Blocking ATP-releasing channels prevents high extracellular ATP levels and airway hyperreactivity in an asthmatic mouse model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L466-L476. [PMID: 34231389 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00450.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory response to different triggers like inhaled allergens. Excessive ATP in fluids from patients with asthma is considered an inflammatory signal and an important autocrine/paracrine modulator of airway physiology. Here, we investigated the deleterious effect of increased extracellular ATP (eATP) concentration on the mucociliary clearance (MCC) effectiveness and determined the role of ATP releasing channels during airway inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mouse model. Our allergic mouse model exhibited high levels of eATP measured in the tracheal fluid with a luciferin-luciferase assay and reduced MCC velocity determined by microspheres tracking in the trachea ex vivo. Addition of ATP had a dual effect on MCC, where lower ATP concentration (µM) increased microspheres velocity, whereas higher concentration (mM) transiently stopped microspheres movement. Also, an augmented ethidium bromide uptake by the allergic tracheal airway epithelium suggests an increase in ATP release channel functionality during inflammatory conditions. The use of carbenoxolone, a nonspecific inhibitor of connexin and pannexin1 channels reduced the eATP concentration in the allergic mouse tracheal fluid and dye uptake by the airway epithelium, providing evidence that these ATP release channels are facilitating the net flux of ATP to the lumen during airway inflammation. However, only the specific inhibition of pannexin1 with 10Panx peptide significantly reduced eATP in bronchoalveolar lavage and decreased airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-allergic mouse model. These data provide evidence that blocking eATP may be a pharmacological alternative to be explored in rescue therapy during episodes of airflow restriction in patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llilian Arzola-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rebeca Benavente
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Génesis Vega
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Ríos
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wendy Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew J Rasky
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Susan Morris
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Manuel J Villalón
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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42
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Howarth AR, Apea V, Michie S, Morris S, Sachikonye M, Mercer CH, Evans A, Delpech VC, Sabin C, Burns FM. The association between use of chemsex drugs and HIV clinic attendance among gay and bisexual men living with HIV in London. HIV Med 2021; 22:641-649. [PMID: 33949070 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between chemsex drug use and HIV clinic attendance among gay and bisexual men in London. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of adults (> 18 years) diagnosed with HIV for > 4 months, attending seven London HIV clinics (May 2014 to August 2015). Participants self-completed an anonymous questionnaire linked to clinical data. Sub-optimal clinic attenders had missed one or more HIV clinic appointments in the past year, or had a history of non-attendance for > 1 year. RESULTS Over half (56%) of the 570 men who identified as gay or bisexual reported taking recreational drugs in the past 5 years and 71.5% of these men had used chemsex drugs in the past year. Among men reporting chemsex drug use (past year), 32.1% had injected any drugs in the past year. Sub-optimal clinic attenders were more likely than regular attenders to report chemsex drug use (past year; 46.9% vs. 33.2%, P = 0.001), injecting any drugs (past year; 17.1% vs. 8.9%, P = 0.011) and recreational drug use (past 5 years; 65.5% vs. 48.8%, P < 0.001). One in five sub-optimal attenders had missed an HIV clinic appointment because of taking recreational drugs (17.4% vs. 1.8%, P < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression, chemsex drug use was significantly associated with sub-optimal clinic attendance (adjusted odds ratio = 1.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-2.65, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of systematic assessment of drug use and development of tools to aid routine assessment. We suggest that chemsex drug use should be addressed when developing interventions to improve engagement in HIV care among gay and bisexual men.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Howarth
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - V Apea
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S Michie
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Morris
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - C H Mercer
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Evans
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - C Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - F M Burns
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.,Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Banjoko A, Boylan C, Kumar H, McCabe H, Morris S. 557 A Novel Peer-Led Anatomage-Based Teaching Programme for Medical Students. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Anatomical knowledge is an essential part of surgical practice. However, its delivery lacks a standardised approach across medical school curricula. A student-led anatomy programme was implemented at a single institution, using near-peer teaching and Anatomage virtual dissection. This study aims to describe the methodology of this programme and determine the benefit of a near-peer taught anatomy course.
Method
The programme was organised by senior medical students, utilising Anatomage virtual dissection and techniques in line with Bigg’s constructive alignment. Attendees were asked to complete questionnaires with Likert scales (0-10) and open answer text to determine learners’ benefit. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented.
Results
73 students attended eight sessions from January to March 2020. Students reported a statistically significant (p < 0.01) increase in confidence after the sessions of 3.74±1.83. The quality and relevance of the teaching also scored highly (9.32±0.89 and 9.47±0.86 respectively). Qualitatively, students praised the "informal learning environment”, the structure of the sessions, the handout provided, and the interactivity of anatomage technology.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates how virtual dissection technology and near-peer teaching can derive significant benefit to undergraduate students, in line with previously published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Banjoko
- University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C Boylan
- University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - H Kumar
- University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - H McCabe
- University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Morris
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Gonzalez Vaz R, Jones E, Begum R, Dobson A, Morris S, De Francesco I. PO-0266 Dosimetric comparison of brachytherapy and tomotherapy for a large SCC on the scalp. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Rivera G, Butka E, Jindal K, Kong W, Waye S, Hoffmann C, Kamimoto K, Morris S. 631 Lineage tracing at single-cell resolution unveils complex differentiation trajectories of adipocyte precursors in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Peters S, Dafni U, Perol M, Felip E, Polito L, Pal N, Ton T, Merritt D, Morris S, Stahel R. VP2-2021: Effectiveness of PD-(L)1 inhibitors alone or in combination with platinum-doublet chemotherapy in first-line (1L) non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (Nsq-NSCLC) with high PD-L1 expression using real-world data. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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47
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Watanabe Y, Mendonça L, Allen ER, Howe A, Lee M, Allen JD, Chawla H, Pulido D, Donnellan F, Davies H, Ulaszewska M, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Morris S, Krebs AS, Dejnirattisai W, Mongkolsapaya J, Supasa P, Screaton GR, Green CM, Lambe T, Zhang P, Gilbert SC, Crispin M. Native-like SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Expressed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 Vaccine. ACS Cent Sci 2021; 7:594-602. [PMID: 34056089 PMCID: PMC8043200 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine development against the SARS-CoV-2 virus focuses on the principal target of the neutralizing immune response, the spike (S) glycoprotein. Adenovirus-vectored vaccines offer an effective platform for the delivery of viral antigen, but it is important for the generation of neutralizing antibodies that they produce appropriately processed and assembled viral antigen that mimics that observed on the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we describe the structure, conformation, and glycosylation of the S protein derived from the adenovirus-vectored ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccine. We demonstrate native-like post-translational processing and assembly, and reveal the expression of S proteins on the surface of cells adopting the trimeric prefusion conformation. The data presented here confirm the use of ChAdOx1 adenovirus vectors as a leading platform technology for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Watanabe
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
- Oxford
Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, U.K.
| | - Luiza Mendonça
- Division
of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Elizabeth R. Allen
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Andrew Howe
- Electron
Bio-imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Mercede Lee
- The
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University
of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Joel D. Allen
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Himanshi Chawla
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - David Pulido
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Francesca Donnellan
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Hannah Davies
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Marta Ulaszewska
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
- NIHR Oxford
Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Susan Morris
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Anna-Sophia Krebs
- Division
of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
- The
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University
of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Juthathip Mongkolsapaya
- The
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University
of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
- Dengue
Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development,
Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol
University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chinese
Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Piyada Supasa
- The
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University
of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Gavin R. Screaton
- The
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University
of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
- Division
of Medical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Catherine M. Green
- The
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University
of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Teresa Lambe
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
- NIHR Oxford
Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Division
of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, U.K.
- Electron
Bio-imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Sarah C. Gilbert
- The
Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
- NIHR Oxford
Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, U.K.
| | - Max Crispin
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
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Almuqrin A, Davidson AD, Williamson MK, Lewis PA, Heesom KJ, Morris S, Gilbert SC, Matthews DA. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 infection of human cell lines reveals low levels of viral backbone gene transcription alongside very high levels of SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein gene transcription. Genome Med 2021; 13:43. [PMID: 33722288 PMCID: PMC7958140 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 is a recombinant adenovirus vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 that has passed phase III clinical trials and is now in use across the globe. Although replication-defective in normal cells, 28 kbp of adenovirus genes is delivered to the cell nucleus alongside the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein gene. METHODS We used direct RNA sequencing to analyse transcript expression from the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 genome in human MRC-5 and A549 cell lines that are non-permissive for vector replication alongside the replication permissive cell line, HEK293. In addition, we used quantitative proteomics to study over time the proteome and phosphoproteome of A549 and MRC5 cells infected with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. RESULTS The expected SARS-CoV-2 S coding transcript dominated in all cell lines. We also detected rare S transcripts with aberrant splice patterns or polyadenylation site usage. Adenovirus vector transcripts were almost absent in MRC-5 cells, but in A549 cells, there was a broader repertoire of adenoviral gene expression at very low levels. Proteomically, in addition to S glycoprotein, we detected multiple adenovirus proteins in A549 cells compared to just one in MRC5 cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine's transcriptomic and proteomic repertoire in cell culture is as expected. The combined transcriptomic and proteomics approaches provide a detailed insight into the behaviour of this important class of vaccine using state-of-the-art techniques and illustrate the potential of this technique to inform future viral vaccine vector design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Almuqrin
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew D Davidson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Maia Kavanagh Williamson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Philip A Lewis
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kate J Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Susan Morris
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - David A Matthews
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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Reck M, Horn L, Mok T, Mansfield A, De Boer R, Losonczy G, Sugawara S, Dziadziuszko R, Krzakowski M, Smolin A, Hochmair M, Garassino M, Castro G, Bischoff H, Cardona A, Morris S, Liu S. OA11.06 IMpower133: Exploratory Analysis of Maintenance Therapy in Patients With Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Ong ELH, Paolino A, Grandi V, Morris S, Martin B, Calonje E. An unusual nodule in a patient with Kaposi sarcoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:764-768. [PMID: 33645856 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E L H Ong
- Dermatopathology Department, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Paolino
- Dermatology Department, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - V Grandi
- Dermatology Department, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Morris
- Oncology Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - B Martin
- Dermatopathology Department, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - E Calonje
- Dermatopathology Department, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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