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Donald C, Rajani K, Singer M, Skye M, Craig Rushing S, Kelley A, Morgan B, Zaback T, Becker T, Lambert W. A Qualitative Review of Barriers and Facilitators Identified While Implementing the Native Students Together Against Negative Decisions Curriculum in a Multisite Dissemination and Implementation Study. Health Educ Behav 2024; 51:425-435. [PMID: 36124442 DOI: 10.1177/10901981221123228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Culturally-adapted evidence-based programs (EBPs) are needed to promote healthy behaviors among Native teens and young adults. Little is known about the facilitators and barriers of implementing and sustaining EBPs in Native communities. This paper aims to identify those factors described by educators who implemented the Native Students Together Against Negative Decisions (STAND) curriculum. METHODS We conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 44 Native STAND educators from 48 sites throughout the United States. We used a modified grounded theory approach to explore barriers, facilitators, and sustainability factors related to implementing Native STAND. RESULTS We learned that disruptions to staffing, coordination, and organizational factors were the most common barriers. Factors that improved implementation success included: tailoring the program to local needs/constraints, having a supportive Project Manager, improved fidelity due to check-in calls, and participation in summer training. Factors that improved sustainability included: access to needed infrastructure, administrative support, community support, and student interest. DISCUSSION The delivery of Native STAND was further improved by person-to-person communication and resource sharing across sites. Sustaining EBPs in AI/AN settings requires culturally-tailored technical assistance, sufficient implementation funds for materials and staffing, and a community of peer educators to inspire forward progress. CONCLUSION EBPs that reflect the needs and experiences of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth are necessary to address systemic inequities in adolescent health outcomes. The Native STAND Dissemination and Implementation study is among the first to assess facilitators and barriers to program delivery in diverse AI/AN settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavita Rajani
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michelle Singer
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Megan Skye
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Brittany Morgan
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tosha Zaback
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Thomas Becker
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
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Kröber TDU, Holzer M, Kerpes R, Mittermeier-Kleßinger VK, Dawid C, Becker T. Enrichment and Quantitation of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitory Peptides in Quinoa upon Systematic Malting. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:11480-11492. [PMID: 38733562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Food-derived peptides with an inhibitory effect on dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) can be used as an additive treatment for type 2 diabetes. The inhibitory potential of food depends on technological protein hydrolysis and gastrointestinal digestion, as the peptides only act after intestinal resorption. The effect of malting as a hydrolytic step on the availability of these peptides in grains has yet to be investigated. In this study, quinoa was malted under systematic temperature, moisture, and time variations. In the resulting malts, the DPP-IV inhibition reached a maximum of 45.02 (±10.28) %, whereas the highest overall concentration of literature-known inhibitory peptides was 4.07 μmol/L, depending on the malting parameters. After in vitro gastrointestinal digest, the inhibition of most malts, as well as the overall concentration of inhibitory peptides, could be increased significantly. Additionally, the digested malts showed higher values in both the inhibition and the peptide concentration than the unmalted quinoa. Concerning the malting parameters, germination time had the highest impact on the inhibition and the peptide concentration after digest. An analysis of the protein sizes before and after malting gave first hints toward the origin of these peptides, or their precursors, in quinoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea D U Kröber
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Magdalena Holzer
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Roland Kerpes
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Verena K Mittermeier-Kleßinger
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Corinna Dawid
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Professorship for Functional Phytometabolomics, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Wittmann L, Eigenfeld M, Büchner K, Meiler J, Habisch H, Madl T, Kerpes R, Becker T, Berensmeier S, Schwaminger SP. Millifluidic magnetophoresis-based chip for age-specific fractionation: evaluating the impact of age on metabolomics and gene expression in yeast. Lab Chip 2024. [PMID: 38739033 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00185k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A novel millifluidic process introduces age-based fractionation of S. pastorianus var. carlsbergensis yeast culture through magnetophoresis. Saccharomyces yeast is a model organism for aging research used in various industries. Traditional age-based cell separation methods were labor-intensive, but techniques like magnetic labeling have eased the process by being non-invasive and scalable. Our approach introduces an age-specific fractionation using a 3D-printed millfluidic chip in a two-step process, ensuring efficient cell deflection in the magnetic field and counteracting magnetic induced convection. Among various channel designs, the pinch-shaped channel proved most effective for age differentiation based on magnetically labeled bud scar numbers. Metabolomic analyses revealed changes in certain amino acids and increased NAD+ levels, suggesting metabolic shifts in aging cells. Gene expression studies further underlined these age-related metabolic changes. This innovative platform offers a high-throughput, non-invasive method for age-specific yeast cell fractionation, with potential applications in industries ranging from food and beverages to pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wittmann
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - M Eigenfeld
- TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstr. 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - K Büchner
- TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - J Meiler
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - H Habisch
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstr. 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - T Madl
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstr. 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - R Kerpes
- TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - T Becker
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstr. 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberstr. 4a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Berensmeier
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
- Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberstr. 4a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S P Schwaminger
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstr. 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Jaroszynska N, Salzinger A, Tsarouchas TM, Becker CG, Becker T, Lyons DA, MacDonald RB, Keatinge M. C9ORF72 deficiency results in neurodegeneration in the zebrafish retina. J Neurosci 2024:e2128232024. [PMID: 38658168 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2128-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hexanucleotide repeat expansions within the gene C9ORF72 are the most common cause of the neurodegenerative diseases Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal dementia (FTD). This disease-causing expansion leads to a reduction in C9ORF72 expression levels in patients, suggesting loss of C9ORF72 function could contribute to disease. To further understand the consequences of C9ORF72 deficiency in vivo, we generated a c9orf72 mutant zebrafish line. Analysis of the adult female spinal cords revealed no appreciable neurodegenerative pathology such as loss of motor neurons, or increased levels of neuroinflammation. However, detailed examination of adult female c9orf72-/- retinas showed prominent neurodegenerative features, including a decrease in retinal thickness, gliosis, and an overall reduction in neurons of all subtypes. Analysis of rod and cone cells within the photoreceptor layer showed a disturbance in their outer segment structure and rhodopsin mis-localisation from rod outer segments to their cell bodies and synaptic terminals. Thus, C9ORF72 may play a previously unappreciated role in retinal homeostasis and suggests C9ORF72 deficiency can induce tissue specific neuronal loss.Significance statement Hexanucleotide expansions in the gene C9ORF72 are the most common cause of the Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/ Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) disease spectrum. The expansion reduces expression of C9ORF72 and so may play a role in neuronal loss. However, C9ORF72 loss of function has been comparatively understudied in vivo. Using the zebrafish as a model of C9ORF72 deficiency, we demonstrate that loss of C9ORF72 results in marked inflammation and neuronal loss in the aged adult zebrafish retina. Development of the retina is unaffected regardless of C9ORF72 status. This demonstrates that C9ORF72 loss of function can cause spontaneous neurodegeneration in vivo and highlights a novel role of C9ORF72 in retinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Salzinger
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Themistoklis M Tsarouchas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Catherina G Becker
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Germany
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas Becker
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Germany
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David A Lyons
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ryan B MacDonald
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1Y 0AD, UK
| | - Marcus Keatinge
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
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Fritz S, Kösters M, Allgöwer A, Becker T, Kilian R, Gühne U, Riedel-Heller SG, Hasan A, Falkai P, Ajayi K, Baumgärtner J, Brieger P, Frasch K, Heres S, Jäger M, Küthmann A, Putzhammer A, Schneeweiß B, Schwarz M, Breilmann J. [Influence of guideline recommendations, care structures and individual factors on the use of psychosocial therapies in severely mentally ill people]. Psychiatr Prax 2024; 51:129-138. [PMID: 37813363 DOI: 10.1055/a-2133-3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of guideline recommendations and other factors on the utilization of psychosocial interventions in people with severe mental illness was examined. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional study of 397 people with severe mental illness were analysed descriptively. RESULTS Patients are less likely to receive therapies with a strong recommendation compared to other levels of recommendation. Various other factors are diffusely associated with utilization rates, but no ubiquitous predictors could be identified across all therapies. CONCLUSION Current practice in the use of psychosocial interventions does not follow guideline recommendation strength. Interventions with strong recommendations are probably not available across services. Consequently, routine practice is not able to follow guideline recommendations according to their strength. Other consistent predictors could not be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Fritz
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
| | - Markus Kösters
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
- Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsversorgung, Universitätsklinikum Dresden und Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitz
| | | | - Thomas Becker
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Reinhold Kilian
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
| | - Uta Gühne
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig Medizinische Fakultät, Leipzig
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig Medizinische Fakultät, Leipzig
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg
| | - Peter Falkai
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
| | - Klemens Ajayi
- kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Ost, kbo-Isar-Amper Klinikum Region München, Haar
| | - Jessica Baumgärtner
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg
| | - Peter Brieger
- kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Ost, kbo-Isar-Amper Klinikum Region München, Haar
| | - Karel Frasch
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Donauwörth
| | - Stephan Heres
- kbo-Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Nord, kbo-Isar-Amper Klinikum Region München
| | - Markus Jäger
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kempten
| | - Andreas Küthmann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Memmingen
| | - Albert Putzhammer
- Fachklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kaufbeuren
| | - Bertram Schneeweiß
- kbo-Klinik für Psychosomatik, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Taufkirchen/Vils, kbo-Isar-Amper Klinikum Region München, Taufkirchen/Vils
| | - Michael Schwarz
- kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Ost, kbo-Isar-Amper Klinikum Region München, Haar
| | - Johanna Breilmann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II, Universität Ulm, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
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Busto JV, Ganesan I, Mathar H, Steiert C, Schneider EF, Straub SP, Ellenrieder L, Song J, Stiller SB, Lübbert P, Chatterjee R, Elsaesser J, Melchionda L, Schug C, den Brave F, Schulte U, Klecker T, Kraft C, Fakler B, Becker T, Wiedemann N. Role of the small protein Mco6 in the mitochondrial sorting and assembly machinery. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113805. [PMID: 38377000 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of mitochondrial precursor proteins are imported through the Tom40 β-barrel channel of the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM). The sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) is essential for β-barrel membrane protein insertion into the outer membrane and thus required for the assembly of the TOM complex. Here, we demonstrate that the α-helical outer membrane protein Mco6 co-assembles with the mitochondrial distribution and morphology protein Mdm10 as part of the SAM machinery. MCO6 and MDM10 display a negative genetic interaction, and a mco6-mdm10 yeast double mutant displays reduced levels of the TOM complex. Cells lacking Mco6 affect the levels of Mdm10 and show assembly defects of the TOM complex. Thus, this work uncovers a role of the SAMMco6 complex for the biogenesis of the mitochondrial outer membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon V Busto
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iniyan Ganesan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Mathar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Conny Steiert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva F Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Straub
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lars Ellenrieder
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jiyao Song
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian B Stiller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Lübbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ritwika Chatterjee
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jana Elsaesser
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Melchionda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christina Schug
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulte
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Till Klecker
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Fakler
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Nils Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Horten P, Song K, Garlich J, Hardt R, Colina-Tenorio L, Horvath SE, Schulte U, Fakler B, van der Laan M, Becker T, Stuart RA, Pfanner N, Rampelt H. Identification of MIMAS, a multifunctional mega-assembly integrating metabolic and respiratory biogenesis factors of mitochondria. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113772. [PMID: 38393949 PMCID: PMC11010658 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial inner membrane plays central roles in bioenergetics and metabolism and contains several established membrane protein complexes. Here, we report the identification of a mega-complex of the inner membrane, termed mitochondrial multifunctional assembly (MIMAS). Its large size of 3 MDa explains why MIMAS has escaped detection in the analysis of mitochondria so far. MIMAS combines proteins of diverse functions from respiratory chain assembly to metabolite transport, dehydrogenases, and lipid biosynthesis but not the large established supercomplexes of the respiratory chain, ATP synthase, or prohibitin scaffold. MIMAS integrity depends on the non-bilayer phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine, in contrast to respiratory supercomplexes whose stability depends on cardiolipin. Our findings suggest that MIMAS forms a protein-lipid mega-assembly in the mitochondrial inner membrane that integrates respiratory biogenesis and metabolic processes in a multifunctional platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Horten
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kuo Song
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joshua Garlich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Robert Hardt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lilia Colina-Tenorio
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne E Horvath
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulte
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Fakler
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin van der Laan
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rosemary A Stuart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Heike Rampelt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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8
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Konrad M, Weinmann S, Becker T, Armbruster J, Gühne U. [Outpatient Medical Rehabilitation Services: A New Socio-Law Perspective In Psychiatric Care]. Psychiatr Prax 2024; 51:104-109. [PMID: 38159564 DOI: 10.1055/a-2202-5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The equality of mentally ill people with somatically ill people and the provision of community care were central topics of the Psychiatry-Enquête. With regard to medical rehabilitation services, this goal has not been implemented to date. The amendments to the Ninth Book of the Social Code (SGB IX) made by the Federal Participation Act (BTHG) again open up the possibility of making outreach medical rehabilitation services accessible to people with severe mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Konrad
- Beratung im Sozial- und Gesundheitsbereich, Konrad Counseling, Ravensburg
| | - Stefan Weinmann
- Psychiatrische Kliniken, Universitätsspital Basel, Schweiz
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, MEDICLIN Klinik an der Lindenhöhe, Offenburg
| | - Thomas Becker
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Jürgen Armbruster
- eva-Tochter Rudolf-Sophien-Stift, Evangelische Gesellschaft Stuttgart e.V., Stuttgart
| | - Uta Gühne
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät, Leipzig
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Bruns T, Aehling N, Bechstein WO, Becker T, Trautwein C, Berg T. [The German Guideline on Liver Transplantation by DGVS and DGAV]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2024; 149:290-297. [PMID: 38412984 DOI: 10.1055/a-2119-6326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The S2k guideline "Liver Transplantation", jointly developed by the German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) and the German Society of General and Visceral Surgery (DGAV), represents the first German-language guideline for the care of adult patients before and after liver transplantation. This guideline has been crafted through a collaborative, consensus-based approach, involving experts from various disciplines. It integrates current scientific insights and clinical experience to ensure optimal care for patients undergoing liver transplantation. Targeting health care professionals in diagnostics and therapy, patient advocates, affected individuals, and their families, the guideline aims to establish a framework for common decisions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Bruns
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Internistische Intensivmedizin (Medizinische Klinik III) der Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Niklas Aehling
- Medizinische Klinik II, Bereich Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig
- 3. Medizinische Klinik, Gastroenterologie, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolf Otto Bechstein
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Transplantations- und Thoraxchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Thomas Becker
- Klinik für Allgemeine Chirurgie, Viszeral-, Thorax-, Transplantations- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Kiel
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Internistische Intensivmedizin (Medizinische Klinik III) der Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Berg
- Medizinische Klinik II, Bereich Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig
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10
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Moreno Ravelo RC, Gastl M, Becker T. Characterization of molar mass and conformation of relevant (non-)starch polysaccharides in cereal-based beverages. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129942. [PMID: 38311131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans, β-glucans, and dextrins influence the brewing industry's filtration process and product quality. Despite their relevance, only a maximum concentration of β-glucans is recommended. Nevertheless, filtration problems are still present, indicating that although the chemical concentration is essential, other parameters should be investigated. Molar mass and conformation are important polymer physical characteristics often neglected in this industry. Therefore, this research proposes an approach to physically characterize enzymatically isolated beer polysaccharides by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering and differential refractive index detector. Based on the obtained molar masses, root-mean-square radius (rrms from MALS), and hydrodynamic radius (rhyd), conformational properties such as apparent density (ρapp) and rrms/rhyd can be calculated based on their molar mass and size. Consequently, the ρapp and rrms/rhyd behavior hints at the different structures within each polysaccharide. The rrms/rhyd 1.2 and high ρapp values on low molar mass dextrins (1-2·105 g/mol) indicate branches, while aggregated structures at high molar masses on arabinoxylans and β-glucans (2·105 -6·106 g/mol) are due to an increase of ρapp and a rrms/rhyd (0.6-1). This methodology provides a new perspective to analyze starch and non-starch polysaccharides in cereal-based beverages since different physical characteristics could influence beer's filtration and sensory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando César Moreno Ravelo
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Martina Gastl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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11
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DaRosa PA, Penchev I, Gumbin SC, Scavone F, Wąchalska M, Paulo JA, Ordureau A, Peter JJ, Kulathu Y, Harper JW, Becker T, Beckmann R, Kopito RR. UFM1 E3 ligase promotes recycling of 60S ribosomal subunits from the ER. Nature 2024; 627:445-452. [PMID: 38383785 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Reversible modification of target proteins by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) is widely used by eukaryotic cells to control protein fate and cell behaviour1. UFM1 is a UBL that predominantly modifies a single lysine residue on a single ribosomal protein, uL24 (also called RPL26), on ribosomes at the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)2,3. UFM1 conjugation (UFMylation) facilitates the rescue of 60S ribosomal subunits (60S) that are released after ribosome-associated quality-control-mediated splitting of ribosomes that stall during co-translational translocation of secretory proteins into the ER3,4. Neither the molecular mechanism by which the UFMylation machinery achieves such precise target selection nor how this ribosomal modification promotes 60S rescue is known. Here we show that ribosome UFMylation in vivo occurs on free 60S and we present sequential cryo-electron microscopy snapshots of the heterotrimeric UFM1 E3 ligase (E3(UFM1)) engaging its substrate uL24. E3(UFM1) binds the L1 stalk, empty transfer RNA-binding sites and the peptidyl transferase centre through carboxy-terminal domains of UFL1, which results in uL24 modification more than 150 Å away. After catalysing UFM1 transfer, E3(UFM1) remains stably bound to its product, UFMylated 60S, forming a C-shaped clamp that extends all the way around the 60S from the transfer RNA-binding sites to the polypeptide tunnel exit. Our structural and biochemical analyses suggest a role for E3(UFM1) in post-termination release and recycling of the large ribosomal subunit from the ER membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A DaRosa
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ivan Penchev
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Magda Wąchalska
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alban Ordureau
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua J Peter
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit (MRC-PPU), School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Yogesh Kulathu
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit (MRC-PPU), School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Beckmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ron R Kopito
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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den Brave F, Pfanner N, Becker T. Mitochondrial entry gate as regulatory hub. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2024; 1871:119529. [PMID: 37951505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria import 1000-1300 different precursor proteins from the cytosol. The main mitochondrial entry gate is formed by the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex). Molecular coupling and modification of TOM subunits control and modulate protein import in response to cellular signaling. The TOM complex functions as regulatory hub to integrate mitochondrial protein biogenesis and quality control into the cellular proteostasis network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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13
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Gundlach JP, Ellrichmann M, van Rosmalen M, Vogelaar S, Eimer C, Rheinbay C, Rösgen S, Schäfer JP, Becker T, Linecker M, Braun F. Liver transplantation for HCC in cirrhosis: Are Milan criteria outdated? Z Gastroenterol 2024; 62:43-49. [PMID: 38195107 PMCID: PMC10776328 DOI: 10.1055/a-2228-7496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In Germany, organ allocation is based on the MELD-system and lab-MELD is usually low in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. Higher medical urgency can be achieved by standard exception for HCC (SE-HCC), if Milan criteria (MC) are met. Noteworthy, UNOS T2 reflects MC, but excludes singular lesions < 2 cm. Thus, SE-HCC is awarded to patients with one lesion between 2 and 5 cm or 2 to 3 lesions between 1 and 3 cm. These criteria are static and do not reflect biological properties of HCC.We present a retrospective cohort of 111 patients, who underwent liver transplantation at UKSH, Campus Kiel between 2007 and 2017. No difference was found in overall survival for patient cohorts using Milan, UCSF, up-to-seven, and French-AFP criteria. However, there was a significantly reduced survival, if microvascular invasion was detected in the explanted organ and in patients with HCC-recurrence. The exclusive use of static selection criteria including MC appear to limit the access to liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Paul Gundlach
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric-Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Ellrichmann
- Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Serge Vogelaar
- Eurotransplantat International Foundation, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christine Eimer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Rheinbay
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric-Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabina Rösgen
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric-Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jost-Philipp Schäfer
- Clinic for Radiology und Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric-Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Linecker
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric-Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Braun
- Department of General, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric-Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Waldmann T, Schaible J, Stiawa M, Becker T, Wegscheider K, Adema B, Wiegand-Grefe S, Kilian R. The cost-utility of an intervention for children and adolescents with a parent having a mental illness in the framework of the German health and social care system: a health economic evaluation of a randomized controlled trial. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:141. [PMID: 38129868 PMCID: PMC10740235 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00693-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children of families with a parent with a mental illness have an increased risk of developing social and mental health problems resulting in decreased quality of life. Therefore, children and adolescents living in families with a parent with mental illness are regarded as a target group for preventive interventions. To date, only a few economic evaluation studies for interventions directed at preventing the intergenerational transmission of mental health problems exist. In this investigation we estimated the cost utility of an intervention for the support of children and adolescents with a parent having a mental illness from the perspective of the German health and social care system. METHODS We randomly assigned a total of 214 families with 337 children and adolescents to the intervention (INT) group (108/170) or the control (TAU) group (106/167). Families in the intervention group received on average eight intervention sessions (50-90 min) over 6 months. We estimated total cost of illness by means of the Children and Adolescent Mental Health Service Receipt Inventory (CAMHSRI) over 24 months. For the estimation of Quality-Adjusted Live Years (QALYs) we applied the KIDSCREEN-10. For estimating the incremental cost-utility of the intervention compared to treatment as usual we used the net-benefit approach. RESULTS We estimated the annual cost of illness amounting to € 3784.59 (SD € 8581.11) in the TAU group and € 3264.44 (SD € 9431.89) in the INT group. The annual cost difference between INT and TAU was € - 516.14 (SE 1124.95) which was not significant (p ≤ 0.05). We estimated the average QALY to be 0.759 (SD 0.073) in the TAU group and 0.763 (SD 0.072). The QALY difference between INT and TAU was 0.0037 (SE 0.0092) which was not significant (p ≤ 0.05). The incremental cost utility ratio (ICUR) indicated that the gain of one additional year in full health by means of the intervention was associated with the saving of € 139.49. However, the stochastic insecurity of the ICUR did not allow a unique decision about the cost-utility of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS More information on the economic value of the intervention for families with a parent with mental illness in comparison to treatment as usual in Germany is needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02308462; German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00006806.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Waldmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at BKH Günzburg II, Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Schaible
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at BKH Günzburg II, Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
- Abteilung für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, ZfP Südwürttemberg, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Maja Stiawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at BKH Günzburg II, Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at BKH Günzburg II, Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bonnie Adema
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke Wiegand-Grefe
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at BKH Günzburg II, Ulm University, Lindenallee 2, 89312, Günzburg, Germany.
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15
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Vidal LM, Ewigmann H, Schuster C, Alpers T, Scherf KA, Jekle M, Becker T. Microscopic analysis of gluten network development under shear load-combining confocal laser scanning microscopy with rheometry. J Texture Stud 2023; 54:926-935. [PMID: 37605805 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive in-situ analysis of the developing gluten network during kneading is still a gap in cereal science. With an in-line microscale shear kneading and measuring setup in a conventional rheometer, a first step was taken in previous works toward fully comprehensible gluten network development evaluation. In this work, this setup was extended by an in-situ optical analysis of the evolving gluten network. By connecting a laser scanning microscope with a conventional rheometer, the evaluation of the rheological and optical protein network evolution was possible. An image processing tool for analyzing the protein network was applied for evaluating the gluten network development in a wheat dough during the shear kneading process. This network evaluation was possible without interruption or invasive sample transfer comparing it to former approaches. The shear kneading system was able to produce a fully developed dough matrix within 125% of the reference dough development time in a classical kneader. The calculated network connectivity values from frequency testing ranged over all samples was in good agreement with traditional kneaded wheat dough just over peak consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Maria Vidal
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hans Ewigmann
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Clemens Schuster
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thekla Alpers
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Katharina Anne Scherf
- Department of Bioactive and Functional Food Chemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mario Jekle
- Department of Plant-Based Foods, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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16
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Vidal LM, Alpers T, Becker T. Structure Strengthening Phenomena of Gluten Matrices under Different Stress Types. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4491. [PMID: 38231904 PMCID: PMC10708170 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
To predict the achievable product volume with respect to the gas retention capacity of the gluten matrix in wheat flour doughs, strain hardening evaluation is crucial. But assessing these structure hardening phenomena in wheat flour dough systems is still a challenging task. In this work, a simple shear method applied to kneaded dough samples was tested and compared to biaxial extension tests performed with a lubricated squeezing flow method. The comparability of shear-induced structure hardening with biaxial extension tests was shown. Structure hardening and breakdown after overload were visualized using shear flow and a comparison of the obtained shear flow over Hencky strain curve peaks. To predict the behavior of the analyzed flours according to their composition, a correlation analysis of the flour and dough properties was performed. The influence of the HMW glutenin subunits on the sensitivity of the dough matrix according to the applied shear speed (0.1 and 1.0 mm/s) could be shown with a correlation coefficient of 0.94. The LMW glutenin subunits, on the other hand, showed a high correlation coefficient of 0.89 with the achievable network connectivity parameter z [-] gained from frequency sweep testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Maria Vidal
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (T.A.); (T.B.)
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17
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Guhathakurta S, Erdogdu NU, Hoffmann JJ, Grzadzielewska I, Schendzielorz A, Seyfferth J, Mårtensson CU, Corrado M, Karoutas A, Warscheid B, Pfanner N, Becker T, Akhtar A. COX17 acetylation via MOF-KANSL complex promotes mitochondrial integrity and function. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1931-1952. [PMID: 37813994 PMCID: PMC10663164 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Reversible acetylation of mitochondrial proteins is a regulatory mechanism central to adaptive metabolic responses. Yet, how such functionally relevant protein acetylation is achieved remains unexplored. Here we reveal an unprecedented role of the MYST family lysine acetyltransferase MOF in energy metabolism via mitochondrial protein acetylation. Loss of MOF-KANSL complex members leads to mitochondrial defects including fragmentation, reduced cristae density and impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV integrity in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We demonstrate COX17, a complex IV assembly factor, as a bona fide acetylation target of MOF. Loss of COX17 or expression of its non-acetylatable mutant phenocopies the mitochondrial defects observed upon MOF depletion. The acetylation-mimetic COX17 rescues these defects and maintains complex IV activity even in the absence of MOF, suggesting an activatory role of mitochondrial electron transport chain protein acetylation. Fibroblasts from patients with MOF syndrome who have intellectual disability also revealed respiratory defects that could be restored by alternative oxidase, acetylation-mimetic COX17 or mitochondrially targeted MOF. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of MOF-KANSL complex in mitochondrial physiology and provide new insights into MOF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Guhathakurta
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niyazi Umut Erdogdu
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane J Hoffmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iga Grzadzielewska
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Janine Seyfferth
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph U Mårtensson
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Karoutas
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Theodor Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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18
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Prado R, Gastl M, Becker T. Formation response of kilned specialty malt odorant markers to controlled malting process parameters. Food Chem 2023; 424:136298. [PMID: 37229894 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Kilned specialty malts provide relevant colour and flavour characteristics to beer and other beverages. Alongside the thermal load, the availability of Maillard precursors directly affect the malt aroma formation. To investigate the influence of process parameters on the flavour characteristics of kilned specialty malts, a full factorial design of experiments was applied varying malt modification degree, curing temperature and time in three levels (33). Analysis of response surfaces revealed a predominant influence of the modification degree and curing temperature on the formation of Strecker aldehydes and pyrazines. Odorants such as 2-methylpropanal and 2-ethyl3,6-dimethylpyrazine presented higher concentrations varying between 429.45 and 478.22 µg∙Kgmalt-1 and 12.49 to 16.75 µg∙Kgmalt-1 respectively, at samples produced under 100 °C and high modification degree. Sensory analysis revealed strong correlations between the odorant markers and typical malt flavour attributes, endorsing the applicability of such methodology on the development and optimisation of kilned malt specialities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Prado
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Gastl
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
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19
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den Brave F, Schulte U, Fakler B, Pfanner N, Becker T. Mitochondrial complexome and import network. Trends Cell Biol 2023:S0962-8924(23)00208-8. [PMID: 37914576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform crucial functions in cellular metabolism, protein and lipid biogenesis, quality control, and signaling. The systematic analysis of protein complexes and interaction networks provided exciting insights into the structural and functional organization of mitochondria. Most mitochondrial proteins do not act as independent units, but are interconnected by stable or dynamic protein-protein interactions. Protein translocases are responsible for importing precursor proteins into mitochondria and form central elements of several protein interaction networks. These networks include molecular chaperones and quality control factors, metabolite channels and respiratory chain complexes, and membrane and organellar contact sites. Protein translocases link the distinct networks into an overarching network, the mitochondrial import network (MitimNet), to coordinate biogenesis, membrane organization and function of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulte
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Fakler
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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20
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Steiner J, Kupetz M, Becker T. Influence of Hydrothermal Treatment of Brewer's Spent Grain on the Concentration and Molecular Weight Distribution of 1,3-1,4-β-D-Glucan and Arabinoxylan. Foods 2023; 12:3778. [PMID: 37893671 PMCID: PMC10606534 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant residual in the brewing process. Non-starch polysaccharides such as 1,3-1,4-β-D-glucan (β-glucan) and arabinoxylan (AX) with proven beneficial effects on human health remain in this by-product in high amounts. Incorporating the valuable dietary fiber into the food industry could contribute to a healthy diet. However, a major challenge is extracting these dietary fibers (i.e., β-glucan and AX) from the solid residue. In this study, hydrothermal treatment (HT) was applied to dissolve the remaining water-insoluble carbohydrates from BSG with the aim to extract high amounts of β-glucan and AX. Particular focus was placed on the molecular weight (MW) range above 50 kDa and 20 kDa, respectively, as these are considered to have health-promoting effects. Different treatment temperatures, reaction times, and internal reactor pressures were tested to determine the best process settings to achieve high yields of β-glucan and AX and to examine the influence on their molecular weight distribution (MWD). Overall, 85.1% β-glucan and 77.3% AX were extracted corresponding to 6.3 g per kg BSG at 160 °C and 178.3 g kg-1 at 170 °C, respectively. However, less than 20% of both fiber substances were in the desirable MW range above 50 kDa and 20 kDa, respectively. When lower temperatures of 140 and 150 °C were applied, yields of only 3.0 g kg-1 β-glucan and 128.8 g kg-1 AX were obtained, whereby the proportion of desirable fiber fractions increased up to 45%. Further investigations focused on the heat-induced degradation of monosaccharides and the formation of undesirable by-products (i.e., HMF and furfural) that might pose a health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steiner
- Research Group Beverage and Cereal Biotechnology, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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21
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Malhotra D, Fattahi E, Germann N, Flisikowska T, Schnieke A, Becker T. Skin substitutes based on gellan gum with mechanical and penetration compatibility to native human skin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1588-1599. [PMID: 37191205 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The study reports on a simple system to fabricate skin substitutes consisting of a naturally occurring bacterial polysaccharide gellan gum. Gelation was driven by the addition of a culture medium whose cations induced gellan gum crosslinking at physiological temperature, resulting in hydrogels. Human dermal fibroblasts were incorporated in these hydrogels and their mechanical, morphological, and penetration characteristics were studied. The mechanical properties were determined by means of oscillatory shear rheology, and a short linear viscoelastic regime was noted up to less than 1% of strain amplitude. The storage modulus increased with an increasing polymer concentration. The moduli were in the range noted for native human skin. After 2 weeks of fibroblast cultivation, the storage moduli showed signs of deterioration, so that a culture time of 2 weeks was proposed for further studies. Microscopic and fluorescent staining observations were documented. These depicted a crosslinked network structure in the hydrogels with a homogeneous distribution of cells and an assured cell viability of 2 weeks. H&E staining was also performed, which showed some traces of ECM formation in a few sections. Finally, caffeine penetration experiments were carried out with Franz diffusion cells. The hydrogels with a higher concentration of polymer containing cells showed an improved barrier function against caffeine compared to previously studied multicomponent hydrogels as well as commercially available 3D skin models. Therefore, these hydrogels displayed both mechanical and penetration compatibility with the ex vivo native human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Malhotra
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Fluid Dynamics Group, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Ehsan Fattahi
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Fluid Dynamics Group, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Natalie Germann
- Faculty 4 - Energy-, Process- and Bioengineering, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tatiana Flisikowska
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Angelika Schnieke
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Fluid Dynamics Group, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
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Ascone L, Rohenkohl AC, Hurlemann R, Meisenzahl E, Riedel-Heller SG, Becker T, Bajbouj M, von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Gallinat J, Lambert M. [Assessment of Direct (COVID-19-Related) and Collateral, Psychosocial Pandemic Consequences for Vulnerable Groups by the Example of Serious Mental Illness]. Psychiatr Prax 2023; 50:381-388. [PMID: 37137325 PMCID: PMC10567134 DOI: 10.1055/a-2051-7613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The indirect pandemic consequences could by far exceed the direct effects of SARS-CoV-2 in terms of costs, morbidity, and mortality. This essay includes a proposed method (matrix) to visualize virus-related and psychosocial risks for different populations side by side in a systematic and concise manner. COVID-19-related and psychosocial vulnerability, stressors, direct and indirect consequences are derived on a theoretical and empirical basis. An exemplary quantification of the matrix for the vulnerable group of people with severe mental illness revealed a very high risk for severe COVID-19 consequences, as well as a pronounced risk for psychosocial collateral effects. The proposed approach could be further discussed for a risk-graded pandemic management, crisis recovery, and future preparedness to adequately address psychosocial collateral effects and better identify and protect vulnerable groups in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Ascone
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik und Poliklinik
für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Anja Christine Rohenkohl
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik und Poliklinik
für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - René Hurlemann
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie,
Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
| | - Eva Meisenzahl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der
Heinrich-Heine-Universität/ LVR Klinikum
Düsseldorf
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health
(ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät,
Leipzig
| | - Thomas Becker
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie,
Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Malek Bajbouj
- Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Psychiatrie, Charité
Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Psychiatrie und
Psychotherapie Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin
| | - Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal
- Hämatologie und internistische Onkologie,
Universitätsklinikum Jena
- Infektionen in der Hämatologie/Onkologie,
Leibniz-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie e.V.
Hans-Knöll-Institut, Jena
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik und Poliklinik
für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Martin Lambert
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik und Poliklinik
für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum
Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
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Steiner J, Kupetz M, Becker T. Advancing Quantification of Water-Extractable Arabinoxylan in Beer: A High-Throughput Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3959. [PMID: 37836008 PMCID: PMC10574920 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Water-extractable arabinoxylan (WEAX) may cause major problems during clarification processes in a brewery owing to its ability to form gel networks. However, high WEAX contents can also enhance the nutritional quality of the final product as they play an important role in the human diet. Therefore, precise quantification of WEAX is required. Current methods are very time- and resource-consuming as well as limited in the number of samples and in some cases provide low accuracy. Thus, a reproducible high-throughput method for the quantification of WEAX optimized for beer was developed, reaching recovery rates (RRs) of almost 100%. The assay is based on Douglas's colorimetric method. Hydrolysis was conducted using glacial acetic acid to induce the formation of red color complexes resulting from the interaction between pentose degradation products and phloroglucinol. The method was successfully transferred to a multi-mode microplate reader to minimize the loss of color intensity over time and to obtain a high throughput. By using 96-well plates, up to 40% of the previous analysis time could be saved, and a larger number of samples could be analyzed in one batch. The collected data determined xylose as an optimal calibration standard due to high accuracy and reproducibility. The respective AX control standards showed RR within the range of 95-105% without exception. To validate and show the ruggedness of the modified method, WEAX concentration in seven commercial German beers (e.g., lager, pilsner, wheat beer, non-alcoholic beer) was quantified. Interfering hexose sugars that lead to measurement errors when analyzing samples with high amounts of fermentable sugars (e.g., non-alcoholic beer produced by limited fermentation) were eliminated by Saccharomyces diastaticus fermentation. Further investigations were carried out by means of LC-MS in order to obtain additional information about the reddish product in the hydrolyzed samples. In this context, C16H12O6 could be identified as one of numerous condensation products, contributing to the coloring. The collected data showed the impact of diverse factors on the measured AX concentration and helped optimize the experimental procedure for a high sample throughput with precise and highly reproducible results. The proposed quantification method should be primarily used in completely fermented finished beer to emphasize the time aspect. Wort samples and non-alcoholic beer produced by limited fermentation can be also analyzed, but only after fermentation with S. diastaticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steiner
- Research Group Beverage and Cereal Biotechnology, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Almaguer C, Kollmannsberger H, Gastl M, Becker T. Daily assessment of malting-induced changes in the volatile composition of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). J Food Sci 2023; 88:3773-3785. [PMID: 37530626 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the traditional malting cereal and is primarily used for beverages, whereas rye (Secale cereale L.) is mainly used in baked goods. Conversely, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a gluten-free pseudocereal, rich in starch and high-quality proteins, and can be used in a similar manner to cereals. The sharp bitterness of unprocessed rye and the earthy aroma of native quinoa interfere with the acceptance and development of food products. Malting of barley is known to improve its processing properties and enhance its sensory quality. Therefore, the effect of germination and kilning on malt quality (e.g., viscosity) as well as the volatile composition of barley, rye, and quinoa were monitored. Moreover, temporal changes on the volatile patterns of rye and quinoa at the different stages of malting were compared to barley. In total, 34 volatile compounds were quantified in the three (pseudo)cereals; the alcohol group dominated in all unprocessed samples, in particular, compounds contributing grassy notes (e.g., hexan-1-ol). These grassy compounds remained abundant during germination, whereas kilning promoted the formation of Maillard reaction volatiles associated with malty and roasted notes. The volatile profiles of kilned barley and quinoa were characterized by high concentrations of the malty Strecker aldehyde, 3-methylbutanal. In contrast, green, floral notes imparted by phenylacetaldehyde remained dominant in rye malt. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the volatile data discriminated the samples into the different stages of malting, confirmed the similarities in the volatile patterns of barley and rye, and indicated clear differences to the quinoa samples. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, the effect of germination and kilning on the chemical and volatile composition of barley, rye, and quinoa was examined. Temporal changes on the volatile patterns of rye and quinoa at different stages of malting were compared to barley. Understanding the differences among the (pseudo)cereals as well as the influence of processing on malt quality and aroma development can help find new food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Almaguer
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Hubert Kollmannsberger
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Gastl
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
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Becker T, Schomerus G, Speerforck S. [Understanding Change Helps Conceptualise Current Action: History of Mental Health Reform in Great Britain and Italy]. Psychiatr Prax 2023; 50:326-332. [PMID: 36455600 DOI: 10.1055/a-1969-9670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mental health reform processes in Great Britain and Italy have been discussed. Recent publications permit a comparative reflection. In England, the reform started earlier and ran continuously, with its focus changing from deinstitutionalisation and community care to (also) user involvement, managerialism, evidence-based medicine, guidelines and budget cuts. Government policies can be identified. In Italy, the reform process started later and was more disruptive. It was influenced by Basaglia und the political-historical context. The reform process has been continuous, deficits are discussed, it has stood the test of time. Similarities and differences (GB vs I) are highlighted, a social history framework is proposed to understand mental health reform processes as one aspect of societal development. This research process could help identify and shape alliances for further reforms of mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Becker
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Schomerus
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Speerforck
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Ulase D, Behrens HM, Krüger S, Heckl SM, Ebert U, Becker T, Röcken C. LAG3 in gastric cancer: it's complicated. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10797-10811. [PMID: 37311986 PMCID: PMC10423140 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) is thought to contribute to T cell exhaustion within the tumor microenvironment of solid tumors. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of LAG3 + cells in relation to clinicopathological and survival data in a large set of 580 primary resected and neoadjuvantly treated gastric cancers (GC). METHODS LAG3 expression was evaluated in tumor center and invasive margin using immunohistochemistry and whole-slide digital image analysis. Cases were divided into LAG3-low and LAG3-high expression groups based on (1) median LAG3 + cell density, (2) cut-off values adapted to cancer-specific survival using Cutoff Finder application. RESULTS Significant differences in spatial distribution of LAG3 + cells were observed in primarily resected GC, but not in neoadjuvantly treated GC. LAG3 + cell density showed evident prognostic value at following cut-offs: in primarily resected GC, 21.45 cells/mm2 in tumor center (17.9 vs. 10.1 months, p = 0.008) and 208.50 cells/mm2 in invasive margin (33.8 vs. 14.7 months, p = 0.006); and in neoadjuvantly treated GC, 12.62 cells/mm2 (27.3 vs. 13.2 months, p = 0.003) and 123.00 cells/mm2 (28.0 vs. 22.4 months, p = 0.136), respectively. Significant associations were found between LAG3 + cell distribution patterns and various clinicopathological factors in both cohorts. In neoadjuvantly treated GC, LAG3 + immune cell density was found to be an independent prognostic factor of survival (HR = 0.312, 95% CI 0.162-0.599, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In this study, a higher density of LAG3 + cells was associated with favorable prognosis. Current results support the need for extended analysis of LAG3. Differences in the distribution of LAG3 + cells should be considered, as they could influence clinical outcomes and treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Ulase
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U33, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Behrens
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U33, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Krüger
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U33, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Steffen M. Heckl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ebert
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U33, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U33, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Wehrli MC, Weise A, Kratky T, Becker T. Thermomechanical Stress Analysis of Hydrated Vital Gluten with Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Rheology. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3442. [PMID: 37631499 PMCID: PMC10459017 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vital gluten is increasingly researched as a non-food product for biodegradable materials. During processing, the protein network is confronted with increased thermal and mechanical stress, altering the network characteristics. With the prospect of using the protein for materials beyond food, it is important to understand the mechanical properties at various processing temperatures. To achieve this, the study investigates hydrated vital gluten under thermomechanical stress based on large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) rheology. LAOS rheology was conducted at increasing shear strains (0.01-100%), various frequencies (5-20 rad/s) and temperatures of 25, 45, 55, 65, 70 and 85 °C. With elevating temperatures up to 55 °C, the linear viscoelastic moduli decrease, indicating material softening. Then, protein polymerization and the formation of new cross-links due to thermal denaturation cause more network connectivity, resulting in significantly higher elastic moduli. Beyond the linear viscoelastic regime, the strain-stiffening ratio rises disproportionately. This effect becomes even more evident at higher temperatures. Lacking a viscous contribution, the highly elastic but also stiff network shows less mechanical resilience. Additionally, at these elevated temperatures, structural changes during the protein's denaturation and network shrinkage due to water evaporation could be visualized with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika C. Wehrli
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Anna Weise
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tim Kratky
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Nickel F, Distler M, Limen EF, Wise PA, Kowalewski KF, Tritarelli PM, Perez D, Izbicki JR, Kersebaum JN, Egberts JH, Becker T, Timmermann L, Malinka T, Bahra M, Pratschke J, Müller-Stich BP, Weitz J, Hackert T. Initial learning curves of laparoscopic and robotic distal pancreatectomy compared with open distal pancreatectomy: multicentre analysis. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1063-1067. [PMID: 36928918 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Nickel
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Distler
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eldridge F Limen
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp A Wise
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Friedrich Kowalewski
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patricia M Tritarelli
- Department of General, Visceral, and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez
- Department of General, Visceral, and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral, and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Niclas Kersebaum
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Becker
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lea Timmermann
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Charité Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Malinka
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Charité Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Bahra
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Robotics, Krankenhaus Waldfriede, Charité Teaching Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Charité Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beat P Müller-Stich
- Division of Abdominal Surgery, Clarunis-Academic Centre of Gastrointestinal Diseases, St Clara and University Hospital of Basle, Basle, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Mishra S, den Brave F, Becker T. TCA cycle deficiency in multiple sclerosis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1258-1259. [PMID: 37430024 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swadha Mishra
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Moreno Ravelo RC, Masch JD, Gastl M, Becker T. Effect of molar mass and size of non-alcoholic beer fractions and their relevance toward palate fullness intensity. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112725. [PMID: 37316000 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Palate fullness intensity and mouthfeel descriptors are essential sensory characteristics of non-alcoholic beers (NABs). The descriptor's perception might be influenced by the molar distribution of the non-volatile matrix in cereal-based beverages like NABs. However, only limited information is available on the molar mass of different substances in NABs. This study investigated the role of weight average molar mass (Mw) and size of NABs fractions and their relation to sensory perception. Industrialized bottom-fermented NABs (n = 28) from the German market and NABs produced by different methods were used in this study. A trained sensory panel evaluated palate fullness intensity, mouthfeel, and basic taste descriptors (as additional quality parameters). Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation was used to fractionate NABs, while Mw was determined by multi-angle light scattering and differential refractive index detectors. The NABs were fractionated into three groups containing different substances: proteins, proteins-polyphenol complexes (P-PC) and low molar mass (non-)starch polysaccharides (LN-SP), and high molar mass (non-)starch polysaccharides (HN-SP). The Mw range of proteins was 18.3-41 kDa, P-PC and LN-SP 43-122.6 kDa, and HN-SP 0.40-2.18·103 kDa. Harmony, defined as the sweet and sour ratio, influenced the palate fullness intensity perception. In the harmonic samples (sour/sweet sensory balanced), the size of HN-SP (> 25 nm) showed a positive correlation to palate fullness intensity. The results suggest the importance of dextrins, arabinoxylan, and β-glucan in modulating the sensory characteristics of harmonic bottom-fermented NABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando César Moreno Ravelo
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jens Dieter Masch
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Gastl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, 85354 Freising, Germany
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31
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Peker E, Weiss K, Song J, Zarges C, Gerlich S, Boehm V, Trifunovic A, Langer T, Gehring NH, Becker T, Riemer J. A two-step mitochondrial import pathway couples the disulfide relay with matrix complex I biogenesis. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202210019. [PMID: 37159021 PMCID: PMC10174193 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202210019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria critically rely on protein import and its tight regulation. Here, we found that the complex I assembly factor NDUFAF8 follows a two-step import pathway linking IMS and matrix import systems. A weak targeting sequence drives TIM23-dependent NDUFAF8 matrix import, and en route, allows exposure to the IMS disulfide relay, which oxidizes NDUFAF8. Import is closely surveyed by proteases: YME1L prevents accumulation of excess NDUFAF8 in the IMS, while CLPP degrades reduced NDUFAF8 in the matrix. Therefore, NDUFAF8 can only fulfil its function in complex I biogenesis if both oxidation in the IMS and subsequent matrix import work efficiently. We propose that the two-step import pathway for NDUFAF8 allows integration of the activity of matrix complex I biogenesis pathways with the activity of the mitochondrial disulfide relay system in the IMS. Such coordination might not be limited to NDUFAF8 as we identified further proteins that can follow such a two-step import pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Peker
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantin Weiss
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jiyao Song
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Zarges
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Gerlich
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Boehm
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Mitochondrial Proteostasis, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niels H. Gehring
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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32
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Eigenfeld M, Wittmann L, Kerpes R, Schwaminger SP, Becker T. Studying the impact of cell age on the yeast growth behaviour of Saccharomyces pastorianus var. carlsbergensis by magnetic separation. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200610. [PMID: 37014328 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that yeast is a widely used microorganism in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries, the impact of viability and age distribution on cultivation performance has yet to be fully understood. For a detailed analysis of fermentation performance and physiological state, we introduced a method of magnetic batch separation to isolate daughter and mother cells from a heterogeneous culture. By binding functionalised iron oxide nanoparticles, it is possible to separate the chitin-enriched bud scars by way of a linker protein. This reveals that low viability cultures with a high daughter cell content perform similarly to a high viability culture with a low daughter cell content. Magnetic separation results in the daughter cell fraction (>95%) showing a 21% higher growth rate in aerobic conditions than mother cells and a 52% higher rate under anaerobic conditions. These findings emphasise the importance of viability and age during cultivation and are the first step towards improving the efficiency of yeast-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Eigenfeld
- TUM School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Freising, Germany
| | - Leonie Wittmann
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Garching, Germany
| | - Roland Kerpes
- TUM School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Freising, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Schwaminger
- TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Garching, Germany
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Becker
- TUM School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Freising, Germany
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33
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Besiri IN, Goudoulas TB, Fattahi E, Becker T. Experimental Advances in the Real-Time Recording of Cross-Linking Alginate In Situ Gelation: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2875. [PMID: 37447520 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate-based hydrogels are promising smart materials widely employed in the food, bioengineering, and energy sectors. The development and optimization of their production require a thorough knowledge of gelation. In recent years, advanced experimental procedures have been developed for real-time cross-linking alginate reaction monitoring. Novel methods, such as customized rheometric setups, enable the recording of mechanical properties and morphological changes during hydrogel formation. These innovative techniques provide important insights into the gelation stages, the reaction rate, the diffusion of cross-linker to polymer chains, and the homogeneity of the gelling structures. Based on real-time experimental data, kinetic models are developed to enhance comprehension of the reaction mechanism and, eventually, to predict the gelation progress. The aim is to enable better control of the characterization of both the complex gelation and the propagated structures. This review aspires to present a comprehensive overview and evaluation of the breakthrough innovations of the real-time in situ recording of cross-linking alginate hydrogels and bead formation. A detailed analysis of the pioneering experimental developments provides a deep comprehension of the alginate gelation, including the parameters controlling the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna N Besiri
- Research Group of Fluid Dynamics, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas B Goudoulas
- Research Group of Fluid Dynamics, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ehsan Fattahi
- Research Group of Fluid Dynamics, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Research Group of Fluid Dynamics, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
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34
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Richter F, Henssen C, Steiert TA, Meissner T, Mehdorn AS, Röcken C, Franke A, Egberts JH, Becker T, Sebens S, Forster M. Combining Solid and Liquid Biopsy for Therapy Monitoring in Esophageal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10673. [PMID: 37445849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) has one of the highest mortality rates among cancers, making it imperative that therapies are optimized and dynamically adapted to individuals. In this regard, liquid biopsy is an increasingly important method for residual disease monitoring. However, conflicting detection rates (14% versus 60%) and varying cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels (0.07% versus 0.5%) have been observed in previous studies. Here, we aim to resolve this discrepancy. For 19 EC patients, a complete set of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue (TT) DNA and leukocyte DNA was sequenced (139 libraries). cfDNA was examined in biological duplicates and/or longitudinally, and TT DNA was examined in technical duplicates. In baseline cfDNA, mutations were detected in 12 out of 19 patients (63%); the median ctDNA level was 0.4%. Longitudinal ctDNA changes were consistent with clinical presentation. Considerable mutational diversity was observed in TT, with fewer mutations in cfDNA. The most recurrently mutated genes in TT were TP53, SMAD4, TSHZ3, and SETBP1, with SETBP1 being reported for the first time. ctDNA in blood can be used for therapy monitoring of EC patients. However, a combination of solid and liquid samples should be used to help guide individualized EC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Richter
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Clara Henssen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Meissner
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Anne-Sophie Mehdorn
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Egberts
- Department of Surgery, Israelitisches Krankenhaus Hamburg, 22297 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Forster
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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35
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Almaguer C, Kollmannsberger H, Gastl M, Becker T. Comparative study of the impact of malting on the aroma profiles of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.). Food Chem 2023; 427:136694. [PMID: 37418806 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) remains the traditional malted cereal used for beverages, whereas rye (Secale cereale L.) is mainly used in baked goods. To evaluate the potential of rye malt for beverage production, malt quality indicators and the volatile composition of different rye malts were compared to barley malt. Sensory assessment revealed that pleasant malty and caramel aromas were formed by malting. Subsequently, three complementary isolation techniques and gas chromatography-olfactometry/mass spectrometry (GC-O/MS) were used for volatile analysis. Instrumental analysis detected 50 and 56 odor active volatiles in barley and rye, respectively. In part two, storage and the impact of three malting parameters on volatile formation were examined. Similarities in the malt volatile patterns were detected but the perceived intensity and composition varied. In barley, characteristic malty volatiles were lost during storage and staling compounds were formed. Conversely, nutty pyrazines and caramel furanones remained dominant in rye malts even after storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Almaguer
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Hubert Kollmannsberger
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Martina Gastl
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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36
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Ritter S, Gastl M, Becker T. Impact of Germination on the Protein Solubility and Antinutritive Compounds of Lupinus angustifolius and Vicia faba in the Production of Protein-Rich Legume-Based Beverages. J Agric Food Chem 2023. [PMID: 37253086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lupines and faba beans are protein-rich legumes, which can be utilized as a plant-based substitute for animal proteins in human nutrition in general and in the beverage industry in particular. However, their application is hampered by low protein solubility in the acidic pH range and by antinutrients such as flatulence-causing "raffinose family oligosaccharides" (RFOs). Germination is known in the brewing industry for increasing enzymatic activities and mobilizing storage compounds. Therefore, germinations of lupines and faba beans were performed at different temperatures, and their impact on protein solubility, the concentration of free amino acids, and degradation of RFOs, alkaloids, and phytic acid was evaluated. In general, changes were comparable for both legumes but less pronounced in faba beans. Germination depleted the RFOs entirely in both legumes. The protein size distribution was found to be shifted toward smaller fractions, the concentrations of free amino acids multiplied, and protein solubility increased. No substantial reductions in the binding capacity of phytic acid toward iron ions were observed, but a release of free phosphate in lupines was detected. The results prove that germination is an applicable process for refining lupines and faba beans for use not only in refreshing beverages or milk alternatives but also in other food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ritter
- Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Gastl
- Research Center Weihenstephan for Brewing and Food Quality, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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37
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Ikeuchi K, Ivic N, Buschauer R, Cheng J, Fröhlich T, Matsuo Y, Berninghausen O, Inada T, Becker T, Beckmann R. Molecular basis for recognition and deubiquitination of 40S ribosomes by Otu2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2730. [PMID: 37169754 PMCID: PMC10175282 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38161-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In actively translating 80S ribosomes the ribosomal protein eS7 of the 40S subunit is monoubiquitinated by the E3 ligase Not4 and deubiquitinated by Otu2 upon ribosomal subunit recycling. Despite its importance for translation efficiency the exact role and structural basis for this translational reset is poorly understood. Here, structural analysis by cryo-electron microscopy of native and reconstituted Otu2-bound ribosomal complexes reveals that Otu2 engages 40S subunits mainly between ribosome recycling and initiation stages. Otu2 binds to several sites on the intersubunit surface of the 40S that are not occupied by any other 40S-binding factors. This binding mode explains the discrimination against 80S ribosomes via the largely helical N-terminal domain of Otu2 as well as the specificity for mono-ubiquitinated eS7 on 40S. Collectively, this study reveals mechanistic insights into the Otu2-driven deubiquitination steps for translational reset during ribosome recycling/(re)initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ikeuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nives Ivic
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Buschauer
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jingdong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Institutes of biomedical science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Fudan university, Dong'an Road 131, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- LAFUGA, Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Yoshitaka Matsuo
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Otto Berninghausen
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Toshifumi Inada
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Roland Beckmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, University of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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Metzenmacher M, Geier D, Becker T. Ultrasonic Wave Mode-Based Application for Contactless Density Measurement of Highly Aerated Batters. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091927. [PMID: 37174464 PMCID: PMC10178542 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An ultrasonic wave mode-based method for density measurement in highly foamed batters was developed. Therefore, a non-contact ultrasonic sensor system was designed to generate signals for batch-wise processes. An ultrasonic sensor, containing a piezoelectric ceramic at the fundamental longitudinal frequency of 2 MHz, was used to take impedance measurements in pulse-echo mode. The ultrasonic signals were processed and analysed wave-mode wise, using a feature-driven approach. The measurements were carried out for different mixing times within a container, with the attached ultrasonic sensor. Within the biscuit batter, the change to the ultrasonic signals caused by density changes during the batter-mixing process was monitored (R2 = 0.96). The density range detected by the sensor ranges between 500 g/L and 1000 g/L. The ultrasonic sensor system developed also shows a reasonable level of accuracy for the measurements of biscuit batter variations (R2 > 0.94). The main benefit of this novel technique, which comprises multiple wave modes for signal features and combines these features with the relevant process parameters, leads to a more robust system as regards to multiple interference factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Metzenmacher
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Dominik Geier
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Krebs TF, Kayser T, Lorenzen U, Grünewald M, Kayser M, Saltner A, Durmaz LO, Reese LJ, Brownlee E, Reischig K, Baastrup J, Meinzer A, Kalz A, Becker T, Bergholz R. Evaluation of the Versius Robotic System for Infant Surgery-A Study in Piglets of Less than 10 kg Body Weight. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:children10050831. [PMID: 37238379 DOI: 10.3390/children10050831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We were able to demonstrate the feasibility of a new robotic system (Versius, CMR Surgical, Cambridge, UK) for procedures in small inanimate cavities. The aim of this consecutive study was to test the Versius® system for its feasibility, performance, and safety of robotic abdominal and thoracic surgery in piglets simulating infants with a body weight lower than 10 kg. METHODS A total of 24 procedures (from explorative laparoscopy to thoracoscopic esophageal repair) were performed in 4 piglets with a mean age of 12 days and a mean body weight of 6.4 (7-7.5) kg. Additional urological procedures were performed after euthanasia of the piglet. The Versius® robotic system was used with 5 mm wristed instruments and a 10 mm 3D 0° or 30° camera. The setup consisted of the master console and three to four separate arms. The performance of the procedure, the size, position, and the distance between the ports, the external and internal collisions, and complications of the procedures were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS We were able to perform all surgical procedures as planned. We encountered neither surgical nor robot-associated complications in the live model. Whereas all abdominal procedures could be performed successfully under general anesthesia, one piglet was euthanized early before the thoracic interventions, likely due to pulmonary inflammatory response. Technical limitations were based on the size of the camera (10 mm) being too large and the minimal insertion depth of the instruments for calibration of the fulcrum point. CONCLUSIONS Robotic surgery on newborns and infants appears technically feasible with the Versius® system. Software adjustments for fulcrum point calibration need to be implemented by the manufacturer as a result of our study. To further evaluate the Versius® system, prospective trials are needed, comparing it to open and laparoscopic surgery as well as to other robotic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Franz Krebs
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ostschweizer Children's Hospital, Claudiusstrasse 6, 9006 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Timo Kayser
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulf Lorenzen
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Grünewald
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Ev. Amalie Sieveking Hospital, Haselkamp 33, 22359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marit Kayser
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Saltner
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lidya-Olgu Durmaz
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lina Johanna Reese
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ewan Brownlee
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Southampton Children's Hospital, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Katja Reischig
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Kurt-Semm-Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Baastrup
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Kurt-Semm-Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Meinzer
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Kurt-Semm-Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Almut Kalz
- Kurt-Semm-Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Kurt-Semm-Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Bergholz
- Department of General-, Visceral-, Thoracic-, Transplant- and Pediatric Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Kurt-Semm-Center for Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, UKSH University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Campus, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Coyne LP, Wang X, Song J, de Jong E, Schneider K, Massa PT, Middleton FA, Becker T, Chen XJ. Mitochondrial protein import clogging as a mechanism of disease. eLife 2023; 12:e84330. [PMID: 37129366 PMCID: PMC10208645 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis requires the import of >1,000 mitochondrial preproteins from the cytosol. Most studies on mitochondrial protein import are focused on the core import machinery. Whether and how the biophysical properties of substrate preproteins affect overall import efficiency is underexplored. Here, we show that protein traffic into mitochondria can be disrupted by amino acid substitutions in a single substrate preprotein. Pathogenic missense mutations in ADP/ATP translocase 1 (ANT1), and its yeast homolog ADP/ATP carrier 2 (Aac2), cause the protein to accumulate along the protein import pathway, thereby obstructing general protein translocation into mitochondria. This impairs mitochondrial respiration, cytosolic proteostasis, and cell viability independent of ANT1's nucleotide transport activity. The mutations act synergistically, as double mutant Aac2/ANT1 causes severe clogging primarily at the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex. This confers extreme toxicity in yeast. In mice, expression of a super-clogger ANT1 variant led to neurodegeneration and an age-dependent dominant myopathy that phenocopy ANT1-induced human disease, suggesting clogging as a mechanism of disease. More broadly, this work implies the existence of uncharacterized amino acid requirements for mitochondrial carrier proteins to avoid clogging and subsequent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam P Coyne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Jiyao Song
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Ebbing de Jong
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Karin Schneider
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Paul T Massa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Frank A Middleton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Xin Jie Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseUnited States
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Richter D, Riedel-Heller S, Breilmann J, Hasan A, Falkai P, Kilian R, Allgoewer A, Ajayi K, Baumgaertner J, Brieger P, Frasch K, Heres S, Jäger M, Küthmann A, Putzhammer A, Schneeweiß B, Schwarz M, Becker T, Kösters M, Gühne U. [Patient Preferences for Exercise Therapy in People with Severe Mental Illness in Germany]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2023; 91:191-198. [PMID: 35961322 DOI: 10.1055/a-1854-5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assessing the experience with and the attitudes towards exercise therapy in persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Furthermore, potential variables of high preference towards exercise therapy are investigated. METHODS Cross-sectional observational study of SMI patients aged between 18 and 65 years (n=385). Patients were interviewed by trained staff using standardised instruments. Potential variables were analysed using a hierarchic binary logistic regression model. RESULTS 84,4% of SMI patients had a high preference for exercise therapy; of these, 44,1% exercised regularly. Among patients with severe mental illness especially a higher value in the GAF-assessment (p=0,041) and living in a metropolitan area (p=0,011) predict a high preference for exercise therapy. CONCLUSION Most of the patients with severe mental illness interviewed in this study place a surprisingly high value on sports and exercise therapy. Due to the increasing evidence with regard to positive effects of these therapies, it may be an excellent starting point to expand sports and exercise therapy as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. At the same time, strategies for everyday transfer need to be implemented more rigorously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Richter
- Institut für Qualitätssicherung und Transparenz im Gesundheitswesen, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanna Breilmann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Universität Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik der Universität Augsburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Augsburg, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie am Klinikum der Universität München, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kilian
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Universität Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Allgoewer
- Institut für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Universität Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jessica Baumgaertner
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik der Universität Augsburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Augsburg, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Karel Frasch
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Universität Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Donauwörth, Germany
| | | | - Markus Jäger
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Universität Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
- Fachkrankenhaus für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kempten, Germany
| | - Andreas Küthmann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Memmingen, Germany
| | - Albert Putzhammer
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kaufbeuren, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Becker
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie der Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Kösters
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie II am Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Universität Ulm, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Uta Gühne
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät, Leipzig, Germany
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Oprişoreanu AM, Ryan F, Richmond C, Dzekhtsiarova Y, Carragher NO, Becker T, David S, Becker CG. Drug screening in zebrafish larvae reveals inflammation-related modulators of secondary damage after spinal cord injury in mice. Theranostics 2023; 13:2531-2551. [PMID: 37215570 PMCID: PMC10196818 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged inflammation after spinal cord injury is detrimental to recovery. To find pharmacological modulators of the inflammation response, we designed a rapid drug screening paradigm in larval zebrafish followed by testing of hit compounds in a mouse spinal cord injury model. Methods: We used reduced il-1β linked green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene expression as a read-out for reduced inflammation in a screen of 1081 compounds in larval zebrafish. Hit drugs were tested in a moderate contusion model in mice for cytokine regulation, and improved tissue preservation and locomotor recovery. Results: Three compounds robustly reduced il-1β expression in zebrafish. Cimetidine, an over-the-counter H2 receptor antagonist, also reduced the number of pro-inflammatory neutrophils and rescued recovery after injury in a zebrafish mutant with prolonged inflammation. Cimetidine action on il-1β expression levels was abolished by somatic mutation of H2 receptor hrh2b, suggesting specific action. In mice, systemic treatment with Cimetidine led to significantly improved recovery of locomotor behavior as compared to controls, accompanied by decreased neuronal tissue loss and a shift towards a pro-regenerative profile of cytokine gene expression. Conclusion: Our screen revealed H2 receptor signaling as a promising target for future therapeutic interventions in spinal cord injury. This work highlights the usefulness of the zebrafish model for rapid screening of drug libraries to identify therapeutics to treat mammalian spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Oprişoreanu
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fari Ryan
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave., Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4
| | - Claire Richmond
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Yuliya Dzekhtsiarova
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Neil O. Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Thomas Becker
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Samuel David
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave., Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4
| | - Catherina G. Becker
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Eigenfeld M, Wittmann L, Kerpes R, Schwaminger S, Becker T. Quantification methods of determining brewer's and pharmaceutical yeast cell viability: accuracy and impact of nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04676-w. [PMID: 37083758 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
For industrial processes, a fast, precise, and reliable method of determining the physiological state of yeast cells, especially viability, is essential. However, an increasing number of processes use magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for yeast cell manipulation, but their impact on yeast cell viability and the assay itself is unclear. This study tested the viability of Saccharomyces pastorianus ssp. carlsbergensis and Pichia pastoris by comparing traditional colourimetric, high-throughput, and growth assays with membrane fluidity. Results showed that methylene blue staining is only reliable for S. pastorianus cells with good viability, being erroneous in low viability (R2 = 0.945; [Formula: see text] = 5.78%). In comparison, the fluorescence microscopy-based assay of S. pastorianus demonstrated a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.991 at [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] = 2.50%) and flow cytometric viability determination using carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA), enabling high-throughput analysis of representative cell numbers; R2 = 0.972 ([Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] = 3.89%). Membrane fluidity resulted in a non-linear relationship with the viability of the yeast cells ([Formula: see text]). We also determined similar results using P. pastoris yeast. In addition, we demonstrated that MNPs affected methylene blue staining by overestimating viability. The random forest model has been shown to be a precise method for classifying nanoparticles and yeast cells and viability differentiation in flow cytometry by using CFDA. Moreover, CFDA and membrane fluidity revealed precise results for both yeasts, also in the presence of nanoparticles, enabling fast and reliable determination of viability in many experiments using MNPs for yeast cell manipulation or separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Eigenfeld
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Science, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Leonie Wittmann
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Roland Kerpes
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Science, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Schwaminger
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Otto-Loewi Research Center, Neue Stiftingtalstr. 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Science, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354, Freising, Germany
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Mulder AJ, Tilbury RD, Werrett MV, Wright PJ, Patel P, Becker T, Jones F, Stagni S, Jia G, Massi M, Buntine MA. Ligand-Mediated Control of the Surface Oxidation States of Copper Nanoparticles Produced by Laser Ablation. Langmuir 2023; 39:5156-5168. [PMID: 36995293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on studies that demonstrate how the chemical composition of the surface of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) - in terms of percentage copper(I/II) oxides - can be varied by the presence of N-donor ligands during their formation via laser ablation. Changing the chemical composition thus allows systematic tuning of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) transition. The trialed ligands include pyridines, tetrazoles, and alkylated tetrazoles. CuNPs formed in the presence of pyridines, and alkylated tetrazoles exhibit a SPR transition only slightly blue shifted with respect to CuNPs formed in the absence of any ligand. On the other hand, the presence of tetrazoles results in CuNPs characterized by a significant blue shift of the order of 50-70 nm. By comparing these data also with the SPR of CuNPs formed in the presence of carboxylic acids and hydrazine, this work demonstrates that the blue shift in the SPR is due to tetrazolate anions providing a reducing environment to the nascent CuNPs, thus preventing the formation of copper(II) oxides. This conclusion is further supported by the fact that both AFM and TEM data indicate only small variations in the size of the nanoparticles, which is not enough to justify a 50-70 nm blue-shift of the SPR transition. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) studies further confirm the absence of Cu(II)-containing CuNPs when prepared in the presence of tetrazolate anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Mulder
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Rhys D Tilbury
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Melissa V Werrett
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Phillip J Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Payal Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Franca Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Guohua Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Mark A Buntine
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, WA 6845, Australia
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Knorr AG, Mackens-Kiani T, Musial J, Berninghausen O, Becker T, Beatrix B, Beckmann R. The dynamic architecture of Map1- and NatB-ribosome complexes coordinates the sequential modifications of nascent polypeptide chains. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3001995. [PMID: 37079644 PMCID: PMC10118133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cotranslational modification of the nascent polypeptide chain is one of the first events during the birth of a new protein. In eukaryotes, methionine aminopeptidases (MetAPs) cleave off the starter methionine, whereas N-acetyl-transferases (NATs) catalyze N-terminal acetylation. MetAPs and NATs compete with other cotranslationally acting chaperones, such as ribosome-associated complex (RAC), protein targeting and translocation factors (SRP and Sec61) for binding sites at the ribosomal tunnel exit. Yet, whereas well-resolved structures for ribosome-bound RAC, SRP and Sec61, are available, structural information on the mode of ribosome interaction of eukaryotic MetAPs or of the five cotranslationally active NATs is only available for NatA. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of yeast Map1 and NatB bound to ribosome-nascent chain complexes. Map1 is mainly associated with the dynamic rRNA expansion segment ES27a, thereby kept at an ideal position below the tunnel exit to act on the emerging substrate nascent chain. For NatB, we observe two copies of the NatB complex. NatB-1 binds directly below the tunnel exit, again involving ES27a, and NatB-2 is located below the second universal adapter site (eL31 and uL22). The binding mode of the two NatB complexes on the ribosome differs but overlaps with that of NatA and Map1, implying that NatB binds exclusively to the tunnel exit. We further observe that ES27a adopts distinct conformations when bound to NatA, NatB, or Map1, together suggesting a contribution to the coordination of a sequential activity of these factors on the emerging nascent chain at the ribosomal exit tunnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G Knorr
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timur Mackens-Kiani
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joanna Musial
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Otto Berninghausen
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgitta Beatrix
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Beckmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Opacic D, Klüß C, Becker T, Rudloff M, Lauenroth V, Deutsch M, Costard-Jäckle A, Fox H, Schramm R, Morshuis M, Gummert J, Rojas S. Comparison of Different Temporary RVAD Systems in Patients Undergoing LVAD Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Almaguer C, Kollmannsberger H, Gastl M, Becker T. Characterization of the aroma profile of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and assessment of the impact of malting on the odor-active volatile composition. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:2283-2294. [PMID: 36583269 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a gluten-free pseudocereal, rich in starch and high-quality proteins. It can be used as a cereal. Recently, a variety of nontraditional food products were developed; however, the sharp bitterness and the earthy aroma of unprocessed quinoa interfered with the acceptance of these products. Malting of cereals is known to improve their processing properties and enhance their sensory quality. To evaluate the acceptance and potential of quinoa malt as a raw material for beverage production, malt quality indicators (e.g., soluble protein) and the aroma profiles of different quinoa malts were compared. RESULTS Initial sensory assessment of quinoa in its native and malted state identified differences in their aroma profiles and revealed that pleasant nutty and caramel aromas were formed by malting. Subsequently, three complementary isolation techniques and gas chromatography-olfactometry/mass spectrometry (GC-O/MS) were used for volatile analysis. Instrumental analysis detected 34 and 62 odor-active regions in native quinoa and quinoa malt, respectively. In the second part, storage and the impact of three malting parameters on volatile formation were examined. By varying the malting parameters, seven additional odor-active malting byproducts were revealed. CONCLUSION Three naturally occurring methoxypyrazines were identified as important contributors to the characteristic quinoa aroma. In all fresh quinoa malts a similar number of volatile compounds was perceived but their intensity and composition varied. Higher germination temperature promoted the formation of lipid oxidation products. Fatty smelling compounds and carboxylic acids, formed during storage, were classified as aging indicators of quinoa malt. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Almaguer
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Hubert Kollmannsberger
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Gastl
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Lehrstuhl für Brau- und Getränketechnologie, Technische Universität München Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
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48
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Goudoulas TB, Didonaki A, Pan S, Fattahi E, Becker T. Comparative Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (LAOS) Study of Ionically and Physically Crosslinked Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061558. [PMID: 36987338 PMCID: PMC10051575 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are highly versatile and widely applicable materials within various scientific, technological, and food sectors. Alginate and gelatin hydrogels, along with their crafted variations, are possibly the most common ones. However, the ionic crosslinking of alginate-Ca++ is a different gelation mechanism than the physical crosslinking of gelatin. In this work, we prepare alginate-Ca++ hydrogels using individual layer gelation and experimentally evaluate LAOS rheological behavior. We apply shear-stress decomposition using the MITlaos software and obtain the elastic and viscous contributions within the nonlinear response of the individual alginate-Ca++ layer. We compare these results with the nonlinear responses of the gelatin-alginate ex situ individual layer. The strain-sweep patterns are similar, with loss modulus overshoot. The applied shear can destroy the larger-scale structural units (agglomerate/aggregates), resulting in analogous patterns. However, the critical strain points are different. Based on the shear-thickening ratio T of the LAOS analysis, it can be assumed that the common feature of ex situ preparation, i.e., gelation as individual layers, provides a matching bulk microstructure, as the hydrogels differ significantly at a molecular-binding level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Goudoulas
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Anna Didonaki
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Sharadwata Pan
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ehsan Fattahi
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Siegl M, Kämpf M, Geier D, Andreeßen B, Max S, Zavrel M, Becker T. Generalizability of Soft Sensors for Bioprocesses through Similarity Analysis and Phase-Dependent Recalibration. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2178. [PMID: 36850777 PMCID: PMC9959347 DOI: 10.3390/s23042178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A soft sensor concept is typically developed and calibrated for individual bioprocesses in a time-consuming manual procedure. Following that, the prediction performance of these soft sensors degrades over time, due to changes in raw materials, biological variability, and modified process strategies. Through automatic adaptation and recalibration, adaptive soft sensor concepts have the potential to generalize soft sensor principles and make them applicable across bioprocesses. In this study, a new generalized adaptation algorithm for soft sensors is developed to provide phase-dependent recalibration of soft sensors based on multiway principal component analysis, a similarity analysis, and robust, generalist phase detection in multiphase bioprocesses. This generalist soft sensor concept was evaluated in two multiphase bioprocesses with various target values, media, and microorganisms. Consequently, the soft sensor concept was tested for biomass prediction in a Pichia pastoris process, and biomass and protein prediction in a Bacillus subtilis process, where the process characteristics (cultivation media and cultivation strategy) were varied. High prediction performance was demonstrated for P. pastoris processes (relative error = 6.9%) as well as B. subtilis processes in two different media during batch and fed-batch phases (relative errors in optimized high-performance medium: biomass prediction = 12.2%, protein prediction = 7.2%; relative errors in standard medium: biomass prediction = 12.8%, protein prediction = 8.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Siegl
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Manuel Kämpf
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Dominik Geier
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Björn Andreeßen
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Max
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Michael Zavrel
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, 82152 Planegg, Germany
- Professorship for Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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50
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Vogt UT, Kwak JE, Fahmy AR, Laukemper R, Henrich A, Becker T, Jekle M. Multi-scale dough adhesion analysis: Relation between laboratory scale, pilot scale and human sensory. J Texture Stud 2023; 54:222-236. [PMID: 36790799 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Undesired dough adhesion is still a challenge during the production of baked goods. There are various methods for determining the adhesive texture properties of dough. In the majority of scientific papers, dough stickiness is measured analytically by the force-distance recording of dough detachment. In this study, we describe a new multi-scale approach to compare dough adhesion phenomena in a laboratory, pilot sale and human sensory assessment. In it, the adhesive material properties of dough were investigated using a pilot scale toppling device representing dough adhesion behavior in the production process, in the laboratory by texture analysis with the Chen-Hoseney method and furthermore with a new, implemented non-oral human sensory analysis. To simulate different dough adhesion behavior, the dough mechanical and adhesion properties were varied by applying dough-modifying enzymes and different dough storage times. The structural changes in the different wheat dough system were compared by rheological characterization. By characterizing the different adhesion phenomena of the doughs, the sample with bacterial xylanase showed the highest values after 80 min of storage time in all three methods. Correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between the detachment time (pilot scale) and human sensory assessment attributes (Force R = 0.81, Time R = 0.87, Distance R = 0.92, Stickiness R = 0.80) after 80 min of storage time. Even though human sensory assessment showed limits in the detectability of differences in dough adhesion behavior compared to the Chen-Hoseney method, it was better suited to predict machinability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Therese Vogt
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Freising, Germany
| | - Ju Eun Kwak
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Freising, Germany
| | - Ahmed Raouf Fahmy
- Department of Plant-based Foods, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rita Laukemper
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Becker
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Technology and Process Engineering, Freising, Germany
| | - Mario Jekle
- Department of Plant-based Foods, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany
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