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Kaczorová D, Peč J, Béres T, Štefelová N, Ćavar Zeljković S, Trojan V, Janatová AK, Klouček P, Tarkowski P. Phytocannabinoid-rich galenic preparations for topical administration: extraction and stability testing. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1230728. [PMID: 37593173 PMCID: PMC10427913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1230728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although medical cannabis was legalized in Czechia in 2013 and its use in topical treatments of skin disorders is now allowed, galenic formulations prepared from medical cannabis have not been widely implemented in the Czech healthcare system. One of the main reasons is the lack of a straightforward standardized protocol for their preparation. Cannabinoids, e.g., cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), have been shown to have therapeutic effects on various skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, acne and skin pigmentation. Recognizing the potential of dermatological treatment with medical cannabis, the present study aimed to evaluate the extraction capacity of various pharmaceutical bases for cannabinoids and the stability of prepared galenic formulations for dermatological applications with respect to cannabinoid content. The results showed that the stability of cannabinoids in formulations depended on the bases' physical and chemical properties. The highest THC decomposition was observed in cream bases and Vaseline, with estimated percentage loss of total content of up to 5.4% and 5.6% per week, respectively. In contrast, CBD was more stable than THC. Overall, the tested bases were comparably effective in extracting cannabinoids from plant material. However, olive oil and Synderman bases exhibited the highest cannabinoid extraction efficiencies (approximately 70%) and the best storage stabilities in terms of the content of monitored compounds. The proposed preparation protocol is fast and easily implementable in pharmacies and medical facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kaczorová
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Tibor Béres
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Nikola Štefelová
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Václav Trojan
- Cannabis Facility, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Anežka Kosmáková Janatová
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Klouček
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czechia
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Béres T, Štefelová N, Ćavar Zeljković S, Kopecký P. Profiling of Health-Promoting and Taste-Relevant Compounds in Sixteen Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) Genotypes Grown under Controlled Conditions. Foods 2023; 12:2823. [PMID: 37569094 PMCID: PMC10417565 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly challenging to maintain crop yields and quality as the global climate changes. The aim of this study was to determine whether and how the profile of health-promoting and taste-related compounds of radishes changes within a growing season. A total of 16 radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes that are commercially available on the Czech market were assessed by means of chemical analysis. Radishes were cultivated in three independent growing cycles under controlled conditions, and the effects of the genotype and growing cycle, as well as their interactions, on the chemical traits were evaluated. Most of the variability in chemical composition was associated with the growing cycle, which accounted for 51.53% of total variance, followed by the genotype (26% of total variance). The interaction between the growing cycle and genotype explained 22.47% of total variance. The growing cycle had the strongest effect on amino acid profiles. More specifically, the amino acids that are known to contribute to overall taste (glycine, along with glutamic and aspartic acids) showed the highest degree of variation, while the amino acids related to glucosinolate biosynthesis (methionine, isoleucine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine) showed relatively low variability. On the other hand, indole glucosinolates were found to differ the most between genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Béres
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (N.Š.)
| | - Nikola Štefelová
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (N.Š.)
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Pavel Kopecký
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
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3
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Vilková M, Michalková R, Kello M, Sabolová D, Takáč P, Kudličková Z, Garberová M, Tvrdoňová M, Béres T, Mojžiš J. Discovery of novel acridine-chalcone hybrids with potent DNA binding and antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Slepčíková P, Potočňák I, Béres T, Jáger D, Imrich J, Vilková M. Full NMR assignment of new acridinyl-chalcones, pyrazolino-acridines, and spiro[imidazo[1,5-b]pyrazole-4,9'-acridines]. Magn Reson Chem 2020; 58:769-777. [PMID: 32267565 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulína Slepčíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Potočňák
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Tibor Béres
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of the Phytochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dávid Jáger
- Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Imrich
- Laboratory of NMR, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Mária Vilková
- Laboratory of NMR, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Vilková M, Šoral M, Bečka M, Potočňák I, Sabolová D, Béres T, Dušek M, Imrich J. 1 H, 13 C and 15 N NMR of spiro acridines integrated with pyrrole scaffolds. Magn Reson Chem 2020; 58:204-214. [PMID: 31758569 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mária Vilková
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michal Šoral
- Central Laboratories, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Bečka
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Potočňák
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Danica Sabolová
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tibor Béres
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of the Phytochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dušek
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Imrich
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
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Béres T, Černochová L, Ćavar Zeljković S, Benická S, Gucký T, Berčák M, Tarkowski P. Intralaboratory comparison of analytical methods for quantification of major phytocannabinoids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3069-3079. [PMID: 30895348 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study compares alternative approaches for analyzing phytocannabinoids in different plant materials. Three chromatographic analytical methods (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric and flame ionization detection) were evaluated regarding selectivity, sensitivity, analytical accuracy, and precision. The performance of the methods was compared and all three methods were demonstrated to be appropriate tools for analyzing phytocannabinoids in cannabis. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection showed slightly better accuracy in determining phytocannabinoid acids, which are often difficult to quantify owing to their limited stability. Aspects of sample preparation, such as material homogenization and extraction, were also considered. A single ultrasonic-assisted ethanolic extraction of dried and powdered plant samples of cannabis was shown to be exhaustive for extracting the samples prior to analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Béres
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Phytochemistry, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Černochová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Phytochemistry, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Phytochemistry, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Benická
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Gucký
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Berčák
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Phytochemistry, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Kvasnica M, Oklestkova J, Bazgier V, Rárová L, Korinkova P, Mikulík J, Budesinsky M, Béres T, Berka K, Lu Q, Russinova E, Strnad M. Design, synthesis and biological activities of new brassinosteroid analogues with a phenyl group in the side chain. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:8691-8701. [PMID: 27714217 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared and studied a series of new brassinosteroid derivatives with a p-substituted phenyl group in the side chain. To obtain the best comparison between molecular docking and biological activities both types of brassinosteroids were synthesized; 6-ketones, 10 examples, and B-lactones, 8 examples. The phenyl group was introduced into the steroid skeleton by Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons. The docking studies were carried out using AutoDock Vina 1.05. Plant biological activities were established using different brassinosteroid bioassays in comparison with natural brassinosteroids. Differences in the production of the plant hormone ethylene were also observed in etiolated pea seedlings after treatment with new brassinosteroids. The most active compounds were lactone 8f and 6-oxo derivatives 8c and 9c, their biological activities were comparable or even better than naturally occurring brassinolide. Finally the cytotoxicity of the new derivatives was studied using human normal and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kvasnica
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - J Oklestkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - V Bazgier
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic. and Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - L Rárová
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Korinkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - J Mikulík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - M Budesinsky
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Flemingovo n. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - T Béres
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - K Berka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic and Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1131, Olomouc CZ779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Bečka M, Vilková M, Šoral M, Potočňák I, Breza M, Béres T, Imrich J. Synthesis and isomerization of acridine substituted 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones and 4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene acetates. An experimental and computational study. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Béres T, Dragull K, Pospíšil J, Tarkowská D, Dančák M, Bíba O, Tarkowski P, Doležal K, Strnad M. Quantitative Analysis of Ingenol in Euphorbia species via Validated Isotope Dilution Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Phytochem Anal 2018; 29:23-29. [PMID: 28786149 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various species of the Euphorbia genus contain diterpene ingenol and ingenol mebutate (ingenol-3-angelate), a substance found in the sap of the plant Euphorbia peplus and an inducer of cell death. A gel formulation of the drug has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the topical treatment of actinic keratosis. OBJECTIVE To develop a rapid and reliable method for quantification of ingenol in various plant extracts. METHODOLOGY Methanolic extracts of 38 species of the Euphorbia genus were analysed via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) after methanolysis and solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification. The 18 O-labelled ingenol analogue was prepared and used as an internal standard for ingenol content determination and method validation. RESULTS The highest ingenol concentration (547 mg/kg of dry weight) was found in the lower leafless stems of E. myrsinites. The screening confirms a substantial amount of ingenol in species studied previously and furthermore, reveals some new promising candidates. CONCLUSION The newly established UHPLC-MS/MS method shows to be an appropriate tool for screening of the Euphorbia genus for ingenol content and allows selection of species suitable for raw material production and/or in vitro culture initiation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Béres
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Central Laboratories and Research Support, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Klaus Dragull
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pospíšil
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dančák
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Bíba
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Central Laboratories and Research Support, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Doležal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Voller J, Béres T, Zatloukal M, Kaminski PA, Niemann P, Doležal K, Džubák P, Hajdúch M, Strnad M. The natural cytokinin 2OH3MeOBAR induces cell death by a mechanism that is different from that of the "classical" cytokinin ribosides. Phytochemistry 2017; 136:156-164. [PMID: 28153445 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin ribosides (N6-substituted adenosines) have demonstrated anticancer activity in various cultured cell lines, several xenografts and even a small clinical trial. Effects of kinetin riboside, N6-benzyladenosine (BAR) and N6-isopentenyladenosine on various parameters related to apoptosis have also been reported, but not directly compared with those of the highly active naturally occurring aromatic cytokinins oTR (ortho-topolin riboside) and 2OH3MeOBAR (N6-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)adenosine). Here we show that 2OH3MeOBAR is the most active cytokinin riboside studied to date (median, 1st quartile, 3rd quartile and range of GI50 in tests with the NCI60 cell panel: 0.19, 0.10, 0.43 and 0.02 to 15.7 μM, respectively) and it differs from other cytokinins by inducing cell death without causing pronounced ATP depletion. Analysis of NCI60 test data suggests that its activity is independent of p53 status. Further we demonstrate that its 5'-monophosphate, the dominant cancer cell metabolite, inhibits the candidate oncogene DNPH1. Synthesis, purification, HPLC-MS identification and HPLC-UV quantification of 2OH3MeOBAR metabolites are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Voller
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czechia.
| | - Tibor Béres
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Marek Zatloukal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Pierre Alexandre Kaminski
- The Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram-Positif, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ERL 3526, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Percy Niemann
- BIOLOG Life Science Institute, Flughafendamm 9a, D-28199, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karel Doležal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Džubák
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 5, 77515 Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 5, 77515 Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czechia
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Dudáš M, Vilková M, Béres T, Repcák M, Mártonfi P. Two New Isomers of Palmityl-4-hydroxycinnamate from Flowers of Taraxacum Species. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:837-840. [PMID: 27534130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two isomers, (Z)- and (E)-palmityl 4-hydroxycinnamate [hexadecyl(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate and hexadecyl(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate] were isolated for the first time from ligulate flowers of Taraxacum linearisquameum Soest (sect. Taraxacum). The highest amount of these compounds was detected in pollen grains; 0.26 mg/100 mg DW of the (E)-isomer and 0.096 mg/100 mg DW of the (Z)-isomer. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by a combination of HPLC-ESI-Qtof-MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Their presence was confirmed in other species of Taraxacum, but they were not found in the male - sterile triploid agamospermous taxon T. parnassicum.
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Dudáš M, Vilková M, Béres T, Repčák M, Mártonfi P. Two New Isomers of Palmityl-4-hydroxycinnamate from Flowers of Taraxacum Species. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two isomers, (Z)- and (E)-palmityl 4-hydroxycinnamate [hexadecyl(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate and hexadecyl(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate] were isolated for the first time from ligulate flowers of Taraxacum linearisquameum Soest (sect. Taraxacum). The highest amount of these compounds was detected in pollen grains; 0.26 mg/100 mg DW of the (E)-isomer and 0.096 mg/100 mg DW of the (Z)-isomer. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by a combination of HPLC-ESI-Qtof-MS and ID and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Their presence was confirmed in other species of Taraxacum, but they were not found in the male-sterile triploid agamospermous taxon T. parnassicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Dudáš
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Mdnesova 23, SK-04001 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Mária Vilková
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, SK-040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Tibor Béres
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Repčák
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Mdnesova 23, SK-04001 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Mártonfi
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Mdnesova 23, SK-04001 Košice, Slovak Republic
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Gucký T, Jorda R, Zatloukal M, Bazgier V, Berka K, Řezníčková E, Béres T, Strnad M, Kryštof V. A Novel Series of Highly Potent 2,6,9-Trisubstituted Purine Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6234-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4006884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Gucký
- Centre of the Region Haná
for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Growth
Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Jorda
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Zatloukal
- Centre of the Region Haná
for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Growth
Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Bazgier
- Centre of the Region Haná
for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Growth
Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies
and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17 Listopadu 12,
77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Berka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies
and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17 Listopadu 12,
77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Béres
- Centre of the Region Haná
for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Growth
Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Béres T, Gemrotová M, Tarkowski P, Ganzera M, Maier V, Friedecký D, Dessoy MA, Wessjohann LA, Spíchal L, Strnad M, Doležal K. Analysis of cytokinin nucleotides by capillary zone electrophoresis with diode array and mass spectrometric detection in a recombinant enzyme in vitro reaction. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 751:176-81. [PMID: 23084068 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for separation of adenosine and N(6)-isopentenyladenosine (cytokinin) nucleotides was developed, optimized and validated. Aqueous solutions of several amino acids were evaluated as the background electrolyte constituents. Separation of six nucleotides in less than 20 min with high theoretical plate number (up to 400000 for isopentenyladenosine triphosphate) was achieved using a 100 mM sarcosine/ammonia buffer at pH 10.0. The detection limits of the CZE-UV method are in the low micromolar range (0.69-1.27 μmol L(-1)). Good repeatability of migration times (within 1.3%), peak areas (within 1.8%) and linearity (R(2)>0.999) was achieved over the concentration range 5-1000 μmol L(-1). The method was used to assay the activity of the recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana isopentenyltransferase 1 (AtIPT1). Baseline separation of isopentenylated nucleotides by CE-ESI-MS using a volatile buffer (30 mM ammonium formate; pH 10.0) was accomplished. The identities of the reaction products - isopentenyladenosine di- and triphosphate were confirmed by HPLC-QqTOF-MS. Dephosphorylation of ATP was observed as a parallel reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Béres
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Kowalska M, Galuszka P, Frébortová J, Šebela M, Béres T, Hluska T, Šmehilová M, Bilyeu KD, Frébort I. Vacuolar and cytosolic cytokinin dehydrogenases of Arabidopsis thaliana: heterologous expression, purification and properties. Phytochemistry 2010; 71:1970-8. [PMID: 20825956 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The catabolism of cytokinins is a vital component of hormonal regulation, contributing to the control of active forms of cytokinins and their cellular distribution. The enzyme catalyzing the irreversible cleavage of N(6)-side chains from cytokinins is a flavoprotein classified as cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX, EC 1.5.99.12). CKXs also show low cytokinin oxidase activity, but molecular oxygen is a comparatively poor electron acceptor. The CKX gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana comprises seven members. Four code for proteins secreted to the apoplast, the remainder are not secreted. Two are targeted to the vacuoles and one is restricted to the cytosol. This study presents the purification and characterization of each of these non-secreted CKX enzymes and substrate specificities are discussed with respect to their compartmentation. Vacuolar enzymes AtCKX1 and AtCKX3 were produced in Pichia pastoris and cytosolic enzyme AtCKX7 was expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant proteins were purified by column chromatography. All enzymes preferred synthetic electron acceptors over oxygen, namely potassium ferricyanide and 2,3-dimetoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (Q(0)). In slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), N(6)-(2-isopentenyl)adenine 9-glucoside (iP9G) was the best substrate for AtCKX1 and AtCKX7, whereas AtCKX3 preferentially degraded N(6)-(2-isopentenyl)adenine 9-riboside-5'-monophosphate (iPMP). Moreover, vacuolar AtCKX enzymes in certain conditions degraded N(6)-(2-isopentenyl)adenine di- and triphosphates two to five times more effectively than its monophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kowalska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Béres T, Zatloukal M, Voller J, Niemann P, Gahsche MC, Tarkowski P, Novák O, Hanuš J, Strnad M, Doležal K. Tandem mass spectrometry identification and LC-MS quantification of intact cytokinin nucleotides in K-562 human leukemia cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2071-80. [PMID: 20821313 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a new reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection method for quantifying intact cytokinin nucleotides in human K-562 leukemia cells. Tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify the intracellular metabolites (cytokinin monophosphorylated, diphosphorylated, and triphosphorylated nucleotides) in riboside-treated cells. For the protein precipitation and sample preparation, a trichloroacetic acid extraction method is used. Samples are then back-extracted with diethyl ether, lyophilized, reconstituted, and injected into the LC system. Analytes were quantified in negative selected ion monitoring mode using a single quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method was validated in terms of retention time stabilities, limits of detection, linearity, recovery, and analytical accuracy. The developed method was linear in the range of 1-1,000 pmol for all studied compounds. The limits of detection for the analytes vary from 0.2 to 0.6 pmol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Béres
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, IEB AS CR and Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Voller J, Zatloukal M, Lenobel R, Dolezal K, Béres T, Krystof V, Spíchal L, Niemann P, Dzubák P, Hajdúch M, Strnad M. Anticancer activity of natural cytokinins: a structure-activity relationship study. Phytochemistry 2010; 71:1350-1359. [PMID: 20553699 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin ribosides (N(6)-substituted adenosine derivatives) have been shown to have anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. This study presents the first systematic analysis of the relationship between the chemical structure of cytokinins and their cytotoxic effects against a panel of human cancer cell lines with diverse histopathological origins. The results confirm the cytotoxic activity of N(6)-isopentenyladenosine, kinetin riboside, and N(6)-benzyladenosine and show that the spectrum of cell lines that are sensitive to these compounds and their tissues of origin are wider than previously reported. The first evidence that the hydroxylated aromatic cytokinins (ortho-, meta-, para-topolin riboside) and the isoprenoid cytokinin cis-zeatin riboside have cytotoxic activities is presented. Most cell lines in the panel showed greatest sensitivity to ortho-topolin riboside (IC(50)=0.5-11.6 microM). Cytokinin nucleotides, some synthesized for the first time in this study, were usually active in a similar concentration range to the corresponding ribosides. However, cytokinin free bases, 2-methylthio derivatives and both O- and N-glucosides showed little or no toxicity. Overall the study shows that structural requirements for cytotoxic activity of cytokinins against human cancer cell lines differ from the requirements for their activity in plant bioassays. The potent anticancer activity of ortho-topolin riboside (GI(50)=0.07-84.60 microM, 1st quartile=0.33 microM, median=0.65 microM, 3rd quartile=1.94 microM) was confirmed using NCI(60), a standard panel of 59 cell lines, originating from nine different tissues. Further, the activity pattern of oTR was distinctly different from those of standard anticancer drugs, suggesting that it has a unique mechanism of activity. In comparison with standard drugs, oTR showed exceptional cytotoxic activity against NCI(60) cell lines with a mutated p53 tumour suppressor gene. oTR also exhibited significant anticancer activity against several tumour models in in vivo hollow fibre assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirí Voller
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Slechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Armentano L, Bentsáth A, Béres T, Rusznyák S, Szent-Györgyi A. Über den Einfluß von Substanzen der Flavongruppe auf die Permeabilität der Kapillaren. Vitamin P1. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1141260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hegyi A, Béres T, Váradi L, Lefler KK, Tóth B, Urbányi B. Investigation of long-term stress induced by several stressors by determination of the concentration of different blood plasma components in a model of Prussian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio BLOCH, 1783) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758). Acta Biol Hung 2006; 57:301-13. [PMID: 17048694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Several compounds (carbohydrates, proteins, hormones, etc.) were used in fish to quantify the level of stress. Our investigations focused on two parameters of the blood plasma: plasma glucose and serum/plasma fructosamine (SeFa) that has not been tested on fish as yet. Experiments were conducted on two fish species. The concentrations of these components were investigated on Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) and on Prussian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio BLOCH, 1783) from the Gödöllö-Isaszeg pond system by creating conditions different from ideal. Stress effects caused a fluctuating tendency in blood plasma glucose levels each week for both Common carp and Prussian carp, thus, there was no steady growth. However, SeFa concentrations exactly followed stress effects, moreover, it tolerated short-term negative effects (handling of fish, blood sampling) and did not cause alterations at individuals blood samplings. This experimental method can offer assistance to farmers in the daily routine (e.g. in fish transport) and in the technology of propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hegyi
- Department of Fish Culture, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Páter Kiroly u. 1, Gödöllö, Hungary.
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Béres T, Király I. Untersuchungen über die Reduktionswirkung der Torffulvosäure auf dreiwertiges Eisen u. Fulvosäureeisen-Verbindungen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1959. [DOI: 10.1002/jpln.19590870103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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