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Ben Fradj S, Nédélec E, Salvi J, Fouesnard M, Huillet M, Pallot G, Cansell C, Sanchez C, Philippe C, Gigot V, Lemoine A, Trompier D, Henry T, Petrilli V, Py BF, Guillou H, Loiseau N, Ellero-Simatos S, Nahon JL, Rovère C, Grober J, Boudry G, Douard V, Benani A. Evidence for Constitutive Microbiota-Dependent Short-Term Control of Food Intake in Mice: Is There a Link with Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Endotoxemia, and GLP-1? Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:349-369. [PMID: 35166124 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Although prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal transplantation can alter the sensation of hunger and/or feeding behavior, the role of the constitutive gut microbiota in the short-term regulation of food intake during normal physiology is still unclear. Results: An antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion study was designed to compare feeding behavior in conventional and microbiota-depleted mice. Tissues were sampled to characterize the time profile of microbiota-derived signals in mice during consumption of either standard or high-fat food for 1 h. Pharmacological and genetic tools were used to evaluate the contribution of postprandial endotoxemia and inflammatory responses in the short-term regulation of food intake. We observed constitutive microbial and macronutrient-dependent control of food intake at the time scale of a meal; that is, within 1 h of food introduction. Specifically, microbiota depletion increased food intake, and the microbiota-derived anorectic effect became significant during the consumption of high-fat but not standard food. This anorectic effect correlated with a specific postprandial microbial metabolic signature, and did not require postprandial endotoxemia or an NOD-, LRR-, and Pyrin domain-containing protein 3-inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response. Innovation and Conclusion: These findings show that the gut microbiota controls host appetite at the time scale of a meal under normal physiology. Interestingly, a microbiota-derived anorectic effect develops specifically with a high-fat meal, indicating that gut microbiota activity is involved in the satietogenic properties of foods. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 349-369.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Ben Fradj
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Juliette Salvi
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie Fouesnard
- Institut Micalis, INRAE (UMR1319), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Institut NuMeCan, INRAE (UMR1341), INSERM (UMR1241), Université de Rennes 1, St-Gilles, France
| | - Marine Huillet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Gaëtan Pallot
- Centre de Recherche Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer, INSERM (UMR1231), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Cansell
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Clara Sanchez
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Catherine Philippe
- Institut Micalis, INRAE (UMR1319), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vincent Gigot
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Aleth Lemoine
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm (U1111), CNRS (UMR5308), ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Petrilli
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm (U1052), CNRS (UMR5286), Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Benedicte F Py
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm (U1111), CNRS (UMR5308), ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Louis Nahon
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Carole Rovère
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- Centre de Recherche Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer, INSERM (UMR1231), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gaelle Boudry
- Institut NuMeCan, INRAE (UMR1341), INSERM (UMR1241), Université de Rennes 1, St-Gilles, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Institut Micalis, INRAE (UMR1319), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Champeil-Potokar G, Rampin O, Davila AM, Hermier D, Boudry G, Douard V, Denis I. Plasticité gliale dans le complexe dorso-vagal en réponse à des régimes « gras-sucrés » de type occidental. NUTR CLIN METAB 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fouesnard M, Zoppi J, Petera M, Le Gleau L, Migné C, Devime F, Durand S, Benani A, Chaffron S, Douard V, Boudry G. Dietary switch to Western diet induces hypothalamic adaptation associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis in rats. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1271-1283. [PMID: 33714973 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early hyperphagia and hypothalamic inflammation encountered after Western diet (WD) are linked to rodent propensity to obesity. Inflammation in several brain structures has been associated with gut dysbiosis. Since gut microbiota is highly sensitive to dietary changes, we hypothesised that immediate gut microbiota adaptation to WD in rats is involved in inflammation-related hypothalamic modifications. METHODS We evaluated short-term impact of WD consumption (2 h, 1, 2 and 4 days) on hypothalamic metabolome and caecal microbiota composition and metabolome. Data integration analyses were performed to uncover potential relationships among these three datasets. Finally, changes in hypothalamic gene expression in absence of gut microbiota were evaluated in germ-free rats fed WD for 2 days. RESULTS WD quickly and profoundly affected the levels of several hypothalamic metabolites, especially oxidative stress markers. In parallel, WD consumption reduced caecal microbiota diversity, modified its composition towards pro-inflammatory profile and changed caecal metabolome. Data integration identified strong correlations between gut microbiota sub-networks, unidentified caecal metabolites and hypothalamic oxidative stress metabolites. Germ-free rats displayed reduced energy intake and no changes in redox homoeostasis machinery expression or pro-inflammatory cytokines after 2 days of WD, in contrast to conventional rats, which exhibited increased SOD2, GLRX and IL-6 mRNA levels. CONCLUSION A potentially pro-inflammatory gut microbiota and an early hypothalamic oxidative stress appear shortly after WD introduction. Tripartite data integration highlighted putative links between gut microbiota sub-networks and hypothalamic oxidative stress. Together with the absence of hypothalamic modifications in germ-free rats, this strongly suggests the involvement of the microbiota-hypothalamus axis in rat adaptation to WD introduction and in energy homoeostasis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mélanie Petera
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Léa Le Gleau
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Carole Migné
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabienne Devime
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stéphanie Durand
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6265-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 13241-Institut National de la Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Samuel Chaffron
- Université de Nantes, CNRS (UMR6004), LS2N, Nantes, France.,Research Federation (FR2022) Tara Oceans GO-SEE, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Gaëlle Boudry
- Institut Numecan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.
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Fouesnard M, Benani A, Devime F, Ben-Fradj S, Boudry G, Douard V. Gut microbiota depletion affects caecal satiety hormones expression and satiation in response to western diet. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mir HD, Milman A, Monnoye M, Douard V, Philippe C, Aubert A, Castanon N, Vancassel S, Guérineau NC, Naudon L, Rabot S. The gut microbiota metabolite indole increases emotional responses and adrenal medulla activity in chronically stressed male mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 119:104750. [PMID: 32569990 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The gut microbiota produces metabolites that are an integral part of the metabolome and, as such, of the host physiology. Changes in gut microbiota metabolism could therefore contribute to pathophysiological processes. We showed previously that a chronic and moderate overproduction of indole from tryptophan in male individuals of the highly stress-sensitive F344 rat strain induced anxiety-like and helplessness behaviors. The aim of the present study was to extend the scope of these findings by investigating whether emotional behaviors of male mice that are moderately stress-sensitive but chronically exposed to environmental stressors would also be affected by indole. METHODS We colonized germ-free male C3H/HeN mice with a wild-type indole-producing Escherichia coli strain, or with the non-indole producing mutant. Gnotobiotic mice were subjected to an unpredictable chronic mild stress procedure, then to a set of tests aimed at assessing anxiety-like (novelty and elevated plus maze tests) and depression-like behaviors (coat state, splash, nesting, tail suspension and sucrose tests). Results of the individual tests were aggregated into a common z-score to estimate the overall emotional response to chronic mild stress and chronic indole production. We also carried out biochemical and molecular analyses in gut mucosa, plasma, brain hippocampus and striatum, and adrenal glands, to examine biological correlates that are usually associated with stress, anxiety and depression. RESULTS Chronic mild stress caused coat state degradation and anhedonia in both indole-producing and non-indole producing mice, but it did not influence behaviors in the other tests. Chronic indole production did not influence mice behavior when tests were considered individually, but it increased the overall emotionality z-score, specifically in mice under chronic mild stress. Interestingly, in the same mice, indole induced a dramatic increase of the expression of the adrenomedullary Pnmt gene, which is involved in catecholamine biosynthesis. By contrast, systemic tryptophan bioavailability, brain serotonin and dopamine levels and turnover, as well as expression of gut and brain genes involved in cytokine production and tryptophan metabolism along the serotonin and kynurenine pathways, remained similar in all mice. CONCLUSIONS Chronic indole production by the gut microbiota increased the vulnerability of male mice to the adverse effects of chronic mild stress on emotional behaviors. It also targeted catecholamine biosynthetic pathway of the adrenal medulla, which plays a pivotal role in body's physiological adaptation to stressful events. Future studies will aim to investigate the action mechanisms responsible for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayatte-Dounia Mir
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Alexandre Milman
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Magali Monnoye
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Véronique Douard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Catherine Philippe
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Agnès Aubert
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR NutriNeurO, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Nathalie Castanon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR NutriNeurO, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Sylvie Vancassel
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR NutriNeurO, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | | | - Laurent Naudon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Brenachot X, Nédélec E, Ben Fradj S, Boudry G, Douard V, Laderrière A, Lemoine A, Liénard F, Nuzzaci D, Pénicaud L, Rigault C, Benani A. Lack of Hypothalamus Polysialylation Inducibility Correlates With Maladaptive Eating Behaviors and Predisposition to Obesity. Front Nutr 2019; 5:125. [PMID: 30619871 PMCID: PMC6295648 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High variability exists in individual susceptibility to develop overweight in an obesogenic environment and the biological underpinnings of this heterogeneity are poorly understood. In this brief report, we show in mice that the vulnerability to diet-induced obesity is associated with low level of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), a factor of neural plasticity, in the hypothalamus. As we previously shown that reduction of hypothalamic PSA-NCAM is sufficient to alter energy homeostasis and promote fat storage under hypercaloric pressure, inter-individual variability in hypothalamic PSA-NCAM might account for the vulnerability to diet-induced obesity. These data support the concept that reduced plasticity in brain circuits that control appetite, metabolism and body weight confers risk for eating disorders and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Brenachot
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Selma Ben Fradj
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Gaelle Boudry
- Institut NuMeCan, INRA, INSERM, Université Rennes, Domaine de la Prise, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Institut Micalis, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Amélie Laderrière
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Aleth Lemoine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Fabienne Liénard
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Danaé Nuzzaci
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Luc Pénicaud
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Rigault
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Boudry G, Le Gleau L, Devime F, Douard V. Le microbiote intestinal module la balance homéostasie/plaisir régulant la prise alimentaire chez le rat. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oberli M, Douard V, Beaumont M, Jaoui D, Devime F, Laurent S, Chaumontet C, Mat D, Le Feunteun S, Michon C, Davila AM, Fromentin G, Tomé D, Souchon I, Leclerc M, Gaudichon C, Blachier F. Lipo-Protein Emulsion Structure in the Diet Affects Protein Digestion Kinetics, Intestinal Mucosa Parameters and Microbiota Composition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Oberli
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Micalis Institute; AgroParisTech; INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Jouy-en-Josas France
| | - Martin Beaumont
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Daphné Jaoui
- Micalis Institute; AgroParisTech; INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Jouy-en-Josas France
| | - Fabienne Devime
- Micalis Institute; AgroParisTech; INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Jouy-en-Josas France
| | - Sandy Laurent
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | | | - Damien Mat
- UMR GMPA, AgroParisTech, INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Thiverval-Grignon France
| | - Steven Le Feunteun
- UMR GMPA, AgroParisTech, INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Thiverval-Grignon France
| | - Camille Michon
- UMR GENIAL, AgroParisTech, INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Massy France
| | - Anne-Marie Davila
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Gilles Fromentin
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Daniel Tomé
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - Isabelle Souchon
- UMR GMPA, AgroParisTech, INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Thiverval-Grignon France
| | - Marion Leclerc
- Micalis Institute; AgroParisTech; INRA; Université Paris-Saclay; Jouy-en-Josas France
| | - Claire Gaudichon
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
| | - François Blachier
- UMR PNCA, INRA; AgroParisTech; Université Paris-Saclay; Paris France
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9
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Beaumont M, Jaoui D, Douard V, Mat D, Koeth F, Goustard B, Mayeur C, Mondot S, Hovaghimian A, Le Feunteun S, Chaumontet C, Davila AM, Tomé D, Souchon I, Michon C, Fromentin G, Blachier F, Leclerc M. Structure of protein emulsion in food impacts intestinal microbiota, caecal luminal content composition and distal intestine characteristics in rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28512779 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Few studies have evaluated in vivo the impact of food structure on digestion, absorption of nutrients and on microbiota composition and metabolism. In this study we evaluated in rat the impact of two structures of protein emulsion in food on gut microbiota, luminal content composition, and intestinal characteristics. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats received for 3 weeks two diets of identical composition but based on lipid-protein matrices of liquid fine (LFE) or gelled coarse (GCE) emulsion. LFE diet led to higher abundance, when compared to the GCE, of Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus reuteri) in the ileum, higher β-diversity of the caecum mucus-associated bacteria. In contrast, the LFE diet led to a decrease in Akkermansia municiphila in the caecum. This coincided with heavier caecum content and higher amount of isovalerate in the LFE group. LFE diet induced an increased expression of (i) amino acid transporters in the ileum (ii) glucagon in the caecum, together with an elevated level of GLP-1 in portal plasma. However, these intestinal effects were not associated with modification of food intake or body weight gain. CONCLUSION Overall, the structure of protein emulsion in food affects the expression of amino acid transporters and gut peptides concomitantly with modification of the gut microbiota composition and activity. Our data suggest that these effects of the emulsion structure are the result of a modification of protein digestion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beaumont
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Daphné Jaoui
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Damien Mat
- UMR GMPA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Thiverval-Grignon, France.,UMR Ingénierie Procédés Aliments, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Massy, France
| | - Fanny Koeth
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bénédicte Goustard
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Camille Mayeur
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stanislas Mondot
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anais Hovaghimian
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Steven Le Feunteun
- UMR GMPA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | | | - Anne-Marie Davila
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Tomé
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Souchon
- UMR GMPA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Camille Michon
- UMR Ingénierie Procédés Aliments, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Massy, France
| | - Gilles Fromentin
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - François Blachier
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Marion Leclerc
- MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Goustard B, Devime F, Maximin E, Chatel JM, Langella P, Heberden C, Douard V. Rôle du dialogue entre le tissu adipeux et l’intestin dans le maintien de l’homéostasie intestinale. NUTR CLIN METAB 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Patel C, Sugimoto K, Shah A, Parikh S, Douard V, Inui H, Yamanouchi T, Ferraris R. Marked Hyperfructosemia without Fructose‐Induced Hyperglycemia and Diabetes in Fructokinase‐deficient Mice. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.1009.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Patel
- Dept of Pharm & PhysiolRutgers NJ Medical SchoolUnited States
| | | | - A Shah
- Dept of Pharm & PhysiolRutgers NJ Medical SchoolUnited States
| | - S Parikh
- Dept of Pharm & PhysiolRutgers NJ Medical SchoolUnited States
| | - V Douard
- Dept of Pharm & PhysiolRutgers NJ Medical SchoolUnited States
| | - H Inui
- Dept of Clinical NutrOsaka Prefecture UniversityJapan
| | | | - R Ferraris
- Dept of Pharm & PhysiolRutgers NJ Medical SchoolUnited States
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12
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Patel C, Douard V, Gao N, Yu S, Ferraris R. Regulation of the Primary Intestinal Fructose Transporter GLUT5 is Dependent on Metabolism by FK and on Trafficking by Rab11a‐dependent Endosomes. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.848.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Patel
- Pharmacology & PhysiologyRutgers NJMSNewarkNJUnited States
| | - V. Douard
- Pharmacology & PhysiologyRutgers NJMSNewarkNJUnited States
| | - N. Gao
- Biological SciencesRutgersNewarkNJUnited States
| | - S. Yu
- Biological SciencesRutgersNewarkNJUnited States
| | - R. Ferraris
- Pharmacology & PhysiologyRutgers NJMSNewarkNJUnited States
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Boudry G, David ES, Douard V, Monteiro IM, Le Huërou-Luron I, Ferraris RP. Role of intestinal transporters in neonatal nutrition: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals, and vitamins. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010; 51:380-401. [PMID: 20808244 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0b013e3181eb5ad6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To support rapid growth and a high metabolic rate, infants require enormous amounts of nutrients. The small intestine must have the complete array of transporters that absorb the nutrients released from digested food. Failure of intestinal transporters to function properly often presents symptoms as "failure to thrive" because nutrients are not absorbed and as diarrhea because unabsorbed nutrients upset luminal osmolality or become substrates of intestinal bacteria. We enumerate the nutrients that constitute human milk and various infant milk formulas, explain their importance in neonatal nutrition, then describe for each nutrient the transporter(s) that absorbs it from the intestinal lumen into the enterocyte cytosol and from the cytosol to the portal blood. More than 100 membrane and cytosolic transporters are now thought to facilitate absorption of minerals and vitamins as well as products of digestion of the macronutrients carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. We highlight research areas that should yield information needed to better understand the important role of these transporters during normal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Boudry
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, UMR1079 Système d'Elevage, Nutrition, Animale et Humaine, St-Gilles, France
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Roche M, Neti PVSV, Kemp FW, Agrawal A, Attanasio A, Douard V, Muduli A, Azzam EI, Norkus E, Brimacombe M, Howell RW, Ferraris RP. Radiation-induced reductions in transporter mRNA levels parallel reductions in intestinal sugar transport. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 298:R173-82. [PMID: 19907007 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00612.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
More than a century ago, ionizing radiation was observed to damage the radiosensitive small intestine. Although a large number of studies has since shown that radiation reduces rates of intestinal digestion and absorption of nutrients, no study has determined whether radiation affects mRNA expression and dietary regulation of nutrient transporters. Since radiation generates free radicals and disrupts DNA replication, we tested the hypotheses that at doses known to reduce sugar absorption, radiation decreases the mRNA abundance of sugar transporters SGLT1 and GLUT5, prevents substrate regulation of sugar transporter expression, and causes reductions in sugar absorption that can be prevented by consumption of the antioxidant vitamin A, previously shown by us to radioprotect the testes. Mice were acutely irradiated with (137)Cs gamma rays at doses of 0, 7, 8.5, or 10 Gy over the whole body. Mice were fed with vitamin A-supplemented diet (100x the control diet) for 5 days prior to irradiation after which the diet was continued until death. Intestinal sugar transport was studied at days 2, 5, 8, and 14 postirradiation. By day 8, d-glucose uptake decreased by approximately 10-20% and d-fructose uptake by 25-85%. With increasing radiation dose, the quantity of heterogeneous nuclear RNA increased for both transporters, whereas mRNA levels decreased, paralleling reductions in transport. Enterocytes of mice fed the vitamin A supplement had > or = 6-fold retinol concentrations than those of mice fed control diets, confirming considerable intestinal vitamin A uptake. However, vitamin A supplementation had no effect on clinical or transport parameters and afforded no protection against radiation-induced changes in intestinal sugar transport. Radiation markedly reduced GLUT5 activity and mRNA abundance, but high-d-fructose diets enhanced GLUT5 activity and mRNA expression in both unirradiated and irradiated mice. In conclusion, the effect of radiation may be posttranscriptional, and radiation-damaged intestines can still respond to dietary stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Roche
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, NJ, USA
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Boudry G, Douard V, Mourot J, Lallès JP, Le Huërou-Luron I. Linseed oil in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation modifies fatty acid composition, mucosal architecture, and mast cell regulation of the ileal barrier in piglets. J Nutr 2009; 139:1110-7. [PMID: 19403717 DOI: 10.3945/jn.108.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of supplementation of the maternal diet with linseed oil [rich in 18:3(n-3)] on fatty acid composition, mucosal architecture, and mast cell regulation of barrier function in piglet ileum. Sixteen sows were fed a lard (LAR)- or a linseed oil (LSO)-based diet during gestation and lactation. Fatty acid composition of maternal RBC at parturition and of milk at d 14 of lactation were determined. Fatty acid composition, villous-crypt structure, and permeability to horseradish peroxidase in Ussing chambers after mast cell degranulation were determined in the ileum of piglets at d 0, 7, and 28. At d 0, 18:3(n-3) and 20:5(n-3) levels were higher, but 22:6(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) levels were lower in both maternal RBC and piglet ileum of the LSO group. Levels of 18:3(n-3) were also higher in the milk of LSO sows. Levels of 18:3(n-3) were higher in LSO piglet ileum at d 7 and 28. Moreover, at d 28, 20:4(n-6) ileal levels tended (P = 0.09) to be lower in LSO than in LAR piglets, in parallel with a lower mRNA expression of Delta5 desaturase. LSO piglets had shorter villi at d 0 and shorter crypts at d 7 compared with LAR piglets. The effect of mast cell degranulation on ileal permeability decreased with age in both groups but reached a minimum sooner in the LSO group (d 7) than in the LAR group (d 28). In conclusion, linseed oil supplementation of the maternal diet profoundly modifies the fatty acid composition, structure, and physiology of the offspring ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Boudry
- INRA, UMR1079, Systèmes d'Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Douard V, Brunet F, Boussau B, Ahrens-Fath I, Vlaeminck-Guillem V, Haendler B, Laudet V, Guiguen Y. The fate of the duplicated androgen receptor in fishes: a late neofunctionalization event? BMC Evol Biol 2008; 8:336. [PMID: 19094205 PMCID: PMC2637867 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the observation of an increased number of paralogous genes in teleost fishes compared with other vertebrates and on the conserved synteny between duplicated copies, it has been shown that a whole genome duplication (WGD) occurred during the evolution of Actinopterygian fish. Comparative phylogenetic dating of this duplication event suggests that it occurred early on, specifically in teleosts. It has been proposed that this event might have facilitated the evolutionary radiation and the phenotypic diversification of the teleost fish, notably by allowing the sub- or neo-functionalization of many duplicated genes. RESULTS In this paper, we studied in a wide range of Actinopterygians the duplication and fate of the androgen receptor (AR, NR3C4), a nuclear receptor known to play a key role in sex-determination in vertebrates. The pattern of AR gene duplication is consistent with an early WGD event: it has been duplicated into two genes AR-A and AR-B after the split of the Acipenseriformes from the lineage leading to teleost fish but before the divergence of Osteoglossiformes. Genomic and syntenic analyses in addition to lack of PCR amplification show that one of the duplicated copies, AR-B, was lost in several basal Clupeocephala such as Cypriniformes (including the model species zebrafish), Siluriformes, Characiformes and Salmoniformes. Interestingly, we also found that, in basal teleost fish (Osteoglossiformes and Anguilliformes), the two copies remain very similar, whereas, specifically in Percomorphs, one of the copies, AR-B, has accumulated substitutions in both the ligand binding domain (LBD) and the DNA binding domain (DBD). CONCLUSION The comparison of the mutations present in these divergent AR-B with those known in human to be implicated in complete, partial or mild androgen insensitivity syndrome suggests that the existence of two distinct AR duplicates may be correlated to specific functional differences that may be connected to the well-known plasticity of sex determination in fish. This suggests that three specific events have shaped the present diversity of ARs in Actinopterygians: (i) early WGD, (ii) parallel loss of one duplicate in several lineages and (iii) putative neofunctionalization of the same duplicate in percomorphs, which occurred a long time after the WGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Douard
- INRA-SCRIBE IFR 140, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Brunet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5242 du CNRS, INRA, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Bastien Boussau
- Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR CNRS 5558 Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, 43, Boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | | - Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5242 du CNRS, INRA, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | | | - Vincent Laudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, UMR 5242 du CNRS, INRA, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRA-SCRIBE IFR 140, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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Douard V, Choi HI, Elshenawy S, Lagunoff D, Ferraris RP. Developmental reprogramming of rat GLUT5 requires glucocorticoid receptor translocation to the nucleus. J Physiol 2008; 586:3657-73. [PMID: 18556366 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2008.155226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructose consumption has increased dramatically but little is known about mechanisms regulating the intestinal fructose transporter GLUT5 in vivo. In neonatal rats, GLUT5 can be induced only by luminal fructose and only after 14 days of age, unless the gut is primed with dexamethasone prior to fructose perfusion. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying dexamethasone modulation of GLUT5 development, we first identified the receptor mediating its effects then determined whether those effects were genomic. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU486 dose-dependently prevented the dexamethasone-mediated effects on body weight, intestinal arginase2 (a known GR-regulated gene) and GLUT5. In contrast, an antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor as well as agonists of progesterone (PR) and pregnane-X (PXR) receptors did not block the effects of dexamethasone. These receptor antagonists and agonists had no effect on the intestinal glucose transporter SGLT1. Translocation of the GR into the enterocyte nucleus occurred only in dexamethasone-injected pups perfused with fructose, was accompanied by marked increases in brush border GLUT5 abundance, and was blocked by RU486. A priming duration of approximately 24 h is optimal for induction but actinomycin D injection before dexamethasone priming prevented dexamethasone from allowing luminal fructose to induce GLUT5. Actinomycin D had no effect on dexamethasone-independent fructose-induced increases in glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA abundance, suggesting that it did not prevent fructose-induction of GLUT5, but instead prevented dexamethasone-induced synthesis of an intermediate required by fructose for GLUT5 regulation. In suckling rats < 14 days old, developmental regulation of transporters may involve cross-talk between hormonal signals modulating intestinal maturation and nutrient signals regulating specific transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Douard
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, NJ Medical School, 185 S. Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07101, USA
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Kirchner S, Muduli A, Casirola D, Prum K, Douard V, Ferraris RP. Luminal fructose inhibits rat intestinal sodium-phosphate cotransporter gene expression and phosphate uptake. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87:1028-38. [PMID: 18400728 PMCID: PMC2430509 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.4.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While searching by microarray for sugar-responsive genes, we inadvertently discovered that sodium-phosphate cotransporter 2B (NaPi-2b) mRNA concentrations were much lower in fructose-perfused than in glucose-perfused intestines of neonatal rats. Changes in NaPi-2b mRNA abundance by sugars were accompanied by similar changes in NaPi-2b protein abundance and in rates of inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that luminal fructose regulates NaPi-2b. DESIGN We perfused into the intestine fructose, glucose, and nonmetabolizable or poorly transported glucose analogs as well as phlorizin. RESULTS NaPi-2b mRNA concentrations and Pi uptake rates in fructose-perfused intestines were approximately 30% of those in glucose and its analogs. NaPi-2b inhibition by fructose is specific because the mRNA abundance and activity of the fructose transporter GLUT5 (glucose transporter 5) increased with fructose perfusion, whereas those of other transporters were independent of the perfusate. Plasma Pi after 4 h of perfusion was independent of the perfusate, probably because normal kidneys can maintain normophosphatemia. Inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase, another fructose-responsive gene, with tungstate or vanadate nonspecifically inhibited NaPi-2b mRNA expression and Pi uptake in both glucose- or fructose-perfused intestines. The AMP kinase (AMPK)-activator AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside) enhanced and the fatty acid synthase-AMPK inhibitor C75 (3-carboxy-4-octyl-2-methylenebutyrolactone trans-4-carboxy-5-octyl-3-methylenebutyrolactone) prevented fructose inhibition of NaPi-2b but had no effect on expression of other transporters. NaPi-2b expression decreased markedly with age and was inhibited by fructose in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS Energy levels in enterocytes may play a role in NaPi-2b inhibition by luminal fructose. Consumption of fructose that supplies approximately 10% of caloric intake by Americans clearly affects absorption of Pi and may promote Pi homeostasis in patients with impaired renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Kirchner
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103-2714, USA
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Douard V, Gurunathan A, Muduli A, Ferraris R. Effect of fructose‐feeding on intestinal and renal expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.896.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Douard
- Dept of PhysiologyNJ Medical SchoolNewarkNJ
| | | | - A. Muduli
- Dept of PhysiologyNJ Medical SchoolNewarkNJ
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Douard V, Elshenawy S, Lagunoff D, Ferraris R. Dexamethasone allows sugar‐induced trafficking of the glucocorticoid receptor in rat small intestine. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1185.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Douard V, Hermier D, Labbe C, Magistrini M, Blesbois E. Role of seminal plasma in damage to turkey spermatozoa during in vitro storage. Theriogenology 2005; 63:126-37. [PMID: 15589279 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2003] [Revised: 12/01/2003] [Accepted: 03/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In vitro storage of turkey spermatozoa is performed without consideration of the potential role of seminal plasma on sperm functions. We report the effects of seminal plasma on membrane permeability, lipid metabolism, energy status, motility and fertility of turkey spermatozoa stored at 4 or 20 degrees C. Phospholipid content (1077 nmol/10(9) spz versus 1219 nmol/10(9) spz at 48 h) and membrane permeability of spermatozoa were significantly damaged by the presence of seminal plasma after 48 h of storage at 4 degrees C, whereas damage to ATP content and fertility occurred earlier damaged by this presence (fertility after 24h storage 51% with seminal plasma versus 71% without). At 20 degrees C, seminal plasma decreased the phospholipid content of spermatozoa in the first hour of storage (1326 nmol/10(9) spz versus 1636 nmol/10(9) spz). Twenty-four hours later, this effect was masked by intense lipid peroxidation. These results show that seminal plasma is deleterious to storage of turkey spermatozoa at 4 degrees C and is involved in phospholipid metabolism of spermatozoa. Lipid peroxidation could be responsible for the acceleration of the degradation of sperm phospholipids during storage at 20 degrees C. However, lipid peroxidation seems not to be active at 4 degrees C. In this case, we suggest that phospholipase activation may contribute to sperm degradation, especially in the presence of seminal plasma.
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Abstract
Changes in lipid composition of turkey semen have previously been reported to occur during in vitro storage and may be mediated by endogenous hydrolysis of phospholipids. To investigate the presence of phospholipases able to initiate such degradation, phospholipaseA2 (PLA2), phospholipase A1 (PLA1), and lysophospholipase (LPLase) activities were measured in turkey spermatozoa and seminal plasma. These enzymes were also measured in the oviductal fluid because they may be involved in the process prior to fertilization in the female. In spermatozoa and seminal plasma, the major PLA2 was a calcium-dependent and sodium deoxycholate (DOC) stimulated enzyme. However, calcium-independent PLA2 activities were also detected with different characteristics in spermatozoa (DOC inhibited enzyme) and seminal plasma (DOC stimulated enzyme). Additionally, PLA1 activity and high LPLase activity were present in spermatozoa and seminal plasma. In vitro storage of semen for 48 h did not affect PLA2 and LPLase activities. By contrast, PLA1 was the major phospholipase activity detected in oviductal fluid. A PLA2 activity stimulated by calcium or DOC and LPLase activity were also detected, but both were low relative to PLA1. These results showed that turkey semen had several enzymatic activities able to hydrolyze phospholipids. In addition, the phospholipase activities described here in the oviductal fluid could be involved in membrane destabilization prior to fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Douard
- Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
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Blesbois E, Douard V, Germain M, Boniface P, Pellet F. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated dietary supplementation on the reproductive capacity of male turkeys. Theriogenology 2004; 61:537-49. [PMID: 14662150 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To measure the effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on the reproductive capacity of adult male turkeys in industrial flocks, the males of 22 commercial farms were fed either a standard diet or a fish oil diet enriched in n-3 PUFAs. The fatty acid composition of the spermatozoa and reproductive performance were measured throughout the reproductive period. The fish oil diet very effectively increased the percentage of n-3 fatty acids (FA) (22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3) in spermatozoa and correspondingly decreased the percentage of n-6 PUFAs (20:4-6 and 22:4n-6): the n-3/n-6 ratio in spermatozoa fatty acids were 0.04-0.07 with the standard diet and 0.32-0.4 with the fish oil diet. These changes did not affect the spermatozoa content of n-9 PUFAs, particularly of 22:3n-9 which is abundant in turkey spermatozoa (9-12% of the total fatty acids). The supplementation was effective in the middle as at the end of the reproductive period. The reproductive capacity of males was modified by the diet and the positive effect of the n-3 supplemented diet increased with age (increase in hatching rates of nearly 2 points at 48-58 weeks for males fed fish oil diet). These results indicate that an increase in the dietary ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs is valuable to sustain the reproductive capacity of male turkeys especially when they are getting older.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Blesbois
- Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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Douard V, Hermier D, Magistrini M, Labbé C, Blesbois E. Impact of changes in composition of storage medium on lipid content and quality of turkey spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2004; 61:1-13. [PMID: 14643857 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Turkey semen quality is damaged by long term in vitro storage. The objective of the present study was to determine whether changes in energy substrates and antioxidants of semen extender could limit loss of quality and lipid content of turkey spermatozoa during storage. Spermatozoa were incubated in extenders based on Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE) to which different energy substrates (acetate, pyruvate and hydroxybutyric acid) or antioxidant (Vitamin E) had been added. Semen was stored at 4 degrees C for 48 h and changes in quality, phospholipid and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of semen were evaluated. Among the different substrates studied, only acetate was able to limit the loss of motility and ATP content after 48 h in vitro storage. Losses of spermatozoal phospholipids were similar when gametes were incubated in an extender without any substrate or in normal BPSE (784-675nmol/10(9) spz versus 837-703 nmol/10(9) spz). However, motility and ATP content were significantly more affected after 48 h of storage in samples incubated without substrates than in BPSE (motility, 2.2 versus 0; ATP, 10 nmol/10(9) spz versus 3 nmol/10(9) spz). The addition of Vitamin E to the extender did not modify either the MDA or phospholipid content of fresh or stored spermatozoa, but increased the motility of stored semen. In conclusion, acetate is an essential substrate for in vitro storage. Spermatozoal phospholipids decreased during storage, but this did not seem to originate from metabolism of endogenous fatty acids. The positive effects of Vitamin E on semen storage did not originate from preservation of lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Douard
- Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
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Abstract
Semen of Turkeys between 31 and 52 weeks of age was analyzed to investigate the cause of reduction in Turkey fertility at the end of the reproductive period. Sperm motility and viability, lipid concentration, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxides were evaluated on fresh spermatozoa or spermatozoa stored for 48h at 4 degrees C. Fertility of fresh semen was also evaluated. Fertility obtained with fresh semen decreased at 44-47 weeks of age. Ageing was also accompanied by a decrease in sperm viability (at 47 weeks) and later by a decrease in motility of spermatozoa (at 52 weeks). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were the first lipids of fresh spermatozoa affected by age, especially n-3 and n-9 PUFAs. Changes in these PUFAs were followed by a 30% increase in lipid peroxidation at 47 and 52 weeks of age and a reduction in phospholipid content at 52 weeks. In vitro storage did not cause lipid peroxidation in sperm obtained during the first half of the reproductive period but malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in sperm obtained during the second half of this period. In vitro storage also decreased phospholipid content of spermatozoa from 41 weeks of age, and viability and motility regardless of age. In conclusion, lipid alteration mainly originating from PUFAs peroxidation could partly explain the decrease in semen quality and fertility observed with ageing. In addition, lipid peroxidation was increased during in vitro storage of spermatozoa from older Turkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Douard
- Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
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Abstract
The changes in lipid composition of spermatozoa and seminal plasma and changes in motility, viability, and morphological integrity of spermatozoa were measured in turkey semen diluted in Beltsville poultry semen extender and stored for 48 h (4 degrees C). The total phospholipid content of spermatozoa decreased during storage, while no quantitative decrease was observed in seminal plasma. More precisely, significant decreases in phosphatidylcholine, and to a lesser extent in sphingomyeline, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol were observed in spermatozoa. The fatty acid profile of turkey spermatozoa partly reflected diet composition and had a high level of n-9 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Neither fatty acid profile nor free cholesterol were affected by storage. The lipid composition of seminal plasma was quite different from that observed in spermatozoa and was similar to the high density lipoprotein composition of chicken seminal plasma. In vitro storage did not significantly affect lipid classes and only small changes were observed in phospholipid classes of seminal plasma. The motility, viability, and morphological integrity of spermatozoa decreased during storage. These changes in phospholipid content may be explained by membrane phospholipid lysis followed by endogenous metabolism or by a complex combination of lysis, metabolism, and peroxidation. They are likely to affect semen quality and the success of in vitro storage severely.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Douard
- Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. Laboratoire de Physiologie de la nutrition, F-91405 Orsay cedex, France.
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Douard V, Blesbois E. Seminal plasma affects lipid content and viability of turkey spermatozoa stored in vitro. Br Poult Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00071660050148480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Anglade I, Mazurais D, Douard V, Le Jossic-Corcos C, Mañanos EL, Michel D, Kah O. Distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA in the forebrain of the rainbow trout as studied by in situ hybridization. J Comp Neurol 1999; 410:277-89. [PMID: 10414533 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990726)410:2<277::aid-cne9>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
By using degenerate primers designed from glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) sequences of mammals, Xenopus and Drosophila, a 270-bp cDNA fragment was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from cerebellum total RNA of rainbow trout. This partial cDNA shows 90% identity with mammalian GAD 65 and presents the Asn-Pro-His-Lys (NPHK) sequence corresponding to the pyridoxal-binding region of porcine DOPA decarboxylase or mammalian GAD. The distribution of GAD 65 mRNA-expressing neurons in the forebrain of the trout was studied by in situ hybridization using either digoxigenin- or 35S-labeled probes. The results demonstrate that gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) neurons are widely distributed throughout the forebrain, with a high density in the periventricular regions. In this study, we report their precise distribution in the telencephalon and diencephalon. GAD mRNA-expressing cells were particularly abundant in the preoptic region and the mediobasal hypothalamus, two major neuroendocrine and estrogen-sensitive regions in fish. The presence of GAD mRNA-expressing neurons was observed in visually related structures such as the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the pretectal region, and the thalamus. Immunohistochemistry with antibodies directed against mouse GAD failed to demonstrate the presence of immunoreactive cell bodies, but showed a very high concentration of GAD-immunoreactive fibers in many brain regions, notably in the preoptic area, hypothalamus, and neurohypophyseal digitations of the pituitary, in particular in the proximal pars distalis. These results indicate that GABA neurons are ideally placed to modulate neuroendocrine activities at the hypothalamic and pituitary levels and to participate in the processing of sensorial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Anglade
- Endocrinologie Moléculaire de la Reproduction, UPRES-A-CNRS 6026, Institut de Biologie et d'Ecologie des Poissons, IFR 43, Rennes, France.
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