1
|
Shadow of a Pandemic: Persistence of Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Newborn Blood Spots. Int J Neonatal Screen 2023; 9:43. [PMID: 37606480 PMCID: PMC10443380 DOI: 10.3390/ijns9030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate COVID-19 surveillance among pregnant women, the California Genetic Disease Screening Program conducted a screening performance and seroprevalence evaluation of maternal SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detected in banked newborn dried blood spots (DBS). We obtained seropositive results for 2890 newborn DBS from cohorts in 2020 and 2021 using Enable Bioscience's Antibody Detection by Agglutination-PCR (ADAP) assay for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. To infer maternal infection, we linked 312 women with a known laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 episode with their newborn's DBS SARS-CoV02 antibody result. Among 2890 newborns, we detected 453 (15.7%) with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in their DBS. Monthly snapshot statewide seroprevalence among neonates was 12.2% (95% CI 10.3-14.1%, n =1156) in December 2020 and 33.3% (95% CI 29.1-37.4%, n = 26) in March 2021. The longest time recorded from COVID-19 infection to a seropositive neonatal result was 11.7 months among the 312 mothers who had an available SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result. Approximately 94% (153/163) of DBS were seropositive when a known maternal infection occurred earlier than 19 days before birth. The estimated relative sensitivity of DBS to identify prevalent maternal infection was 85.1%, specificity 98.5% and PPV 99.2% (n = 312); the sensitivity was lowest during the December 2021 surge when many infections occurred within 19 days of birth. Fifty pre-pandemic specimens (100% seronegative) and 23 twin-pair results (100% concordant) support an intrinsic specificity and PPV of ADAP approaching 100%. Maternal infection surveillance is limited by a time lag prior to delivery, especially during pandemic surges.
Collapse
|
2
|
Prevalence of individual brain and eye defects potentially related to Zika virus in pregnancy in 22 U.S. states and territories, January 2016 to June 2017. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:805-811. [PMID: 35906998 PMCID: PMC10391873 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
During the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Zika Virus Response, birth defects surveillance programs adapted to monitor birth defects potentially related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy. Pregnancy outcomes occurring during January 2016 to June 2017 in 22 U.S. states and territories were used to estimate the prevalence of those brain and eye defects potentially related to ZIKV. Jurisdictions were divided into three groups: areas with widespread ZIKV transmission, areas with limited local ZIKV transmission, and areas without local ZIKV transmission. Prevalence estimates for selected brain and eye defects and microcephaly per 10,000 live births were estimated. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Poisson regression for areas with widespread and limited ZIKV transmission compared with areas without local ZIKV transmission. Defects with significantly higher prevalence in areas of widespread transmission were pooled, and PRs were calculated by quarter, comparing subsequent quarters to the first quarter (January-March 2016). Nine defects had significantly higher prevalence in areas of widespread transmission. The highest PRs were seen in intracranial calcifications (PR = 12.6, 95% CI [7.4, 21.3]), chorioretinal abnormalities (12.5 [7.1, 22.3]), brainstem abnormalities (9.3 [4.7, 18.4]), and cerebral/cortical atrophy (6.7 [4.2, 10.8]). The PR of the nine pooled defects was significantly higher in three quarters in areas with widespread transmission. The largest difference in prevalence was observed for defects consistently reported in infants with congenital ZIKV infection. Birth defects surveillance programs could consider monitoring a subset of birth defects potentially related to ZIKV in pregnancy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detection after COVID-19 Illness Onset during Pregnancy. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:873-876. [PMID: 35213801 PMCID: PMC8962892 DOI: 10.3201/eid2804.212354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network conducts longitudinal surveillance of pregnant persons in the United States with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection during pregnancy. Of 6,551 infected pregnant persons in this analysis, 142 (2.2%) had positive RNA tests >90 days and up to 416 days after infection.
Collapse
|
4
|
A Preparedness Model for Mother-Baby Linked Longitudinal Surveillance for Emerging Threats. Matern Child Health J 2021; 25:198-206. [PMID: 33394275 PMCID: PMC7780211 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-020-03106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Public health responses often lack the infrastructure to capture the impact of public health emergencies on pregnant women and infants, with limited mechanisms for linking pregnant women with their infants nationally to monitor long-term effects. In 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in close collaboration with state, local, and territorial health departments, began a 5-year initiative to establish population-based mother–baby linked longitudinal surveillance, the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET). Objectives The objective of this report is to describe an expanded surveillance approach that leverages and modernizes existing surveillance systems to address the impact of emerging health threats during pregnancy on pregnant women and their infants. Methods Mother–baby pairs are identified through prospective identification during pregnancy and/or identification of an infant with retrospective linking to maternal information. All data are obtained from existing data sources (e.g., electronic medical records, vital statistics, laboratory reports, and health department investigations and case reporting). Results Variables were selected for inclusion to address key surveillance questions proposed by CDC and health department subject matter experts. General variables include maternal demographics and health history, pregnancy and infant outcomes, maternal and infant laboratory results, and child health outcomes up to the second birthday. Exposure-specific modular variables are included for hepatitis C, syphilis, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The system is structured into four relational datasets (maternal, pregnancy outcomes and birth, infant/child follow-up, and laboratory testing). Discussion SET-NET provides a population-based mother–baby linked longitudinal surveillance approach and has already demonstrated rapid adaptation to COVID-19. This innovative approach leverages existing data sources and rapidly collects data and informs clinical guidance and practice. These data can help to reduce exposure risk and adverse outcomes among pregnant women and their infants, direct public health action, and strengthen public health systems.
Collapse
|
5
|
Population-Based Surveillance for Birth Defects Potentially Related to Zika Virus Infection - 22 States and Territories, January 2016-June 2017. MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT 2020; 69:67-71. [PMID: 31971935 PMCID: PMC7367037 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6903a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
6
|
Evaluation of Routine HIV Opt-Out Screening and Continuum of Care Services Following Entry into Eight Prison Reception Centers--California, 2012. MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT 2016; 65:178-81. [PMID: 26914322 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6507a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) improves health outcomes and prevents HIV transmission. Before 2010, HIV testing was available to inmates in the California state prison system upon request. In 2010, the California Correctional Health Care Services (CCHCS) integrated HIV opt-out screening into the health assessment for inmates entering California state prisons. Under this system, a medical care provider informs the inmate that an HIV test is routinely done, along with screening for sexually transmitted, communicable, and vaccine-preventable diseases, unless the inmate specifically declines the test. During 2012-2013, CCHCS, the California Department of Public Health, and CDC evaluated HIV screening, rates of new diagnoses, linkage to and retention in care, ART response, and post-release linkage to care among California prison inmates. All prison inmates are processed through one of eight specialized reception center facilities, where they undergo a comprehensive evaluation of their medical needs, mental health, and custody requirements for placement in one of 35 state prisons. Among 17,436 inmates who entered a reception center during April-September 2012, 77% were screened for HIV infection; 135 (1%) tested positive, including 10 (0.1%) with newly diagnosed infections. Among the 135 HIV-positive patient-inmates, 134 (99%) were linked to care within 90 days of diagnosis, including 122 (91%) who initiated ART. Among 83 who initiated ART and remained incarcerated through July 2013, 81 (98%) continued ART; 71 (88%) achieved viral suppression (<200 HIV RNA copies/mL). Thirty-nine patient-inmates were released on ART; 12 of 14 who were linked to care within 30 days of release were virally suppressed at that time. Only one of nine persons with a viral load test conducted between 91 days and 1 year post-release had viral suppression. Although high rates of viral suppression were achieved in prison, continuity of care in the community remains a challenge. An infrastructure for post-release linkage to care is needed to help ensure sustained HIV disease control.
Collapse
|
7
|
Risk, Feasibility, and Cost Evaluation of a Prisoner Condom Access Pilot Program in One California State Prison. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2014; 20:184-194. [DOI: 10.1177/1078345814530869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
8
|
Effectiveness of Safety Vests in Pediatric Horseback Riding. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2012; 224:443-7. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1327621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
9
|
Die Weichteilveränderungen beim Trauma des Ellbogens und der peripheren Radiusepiphyse. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1228828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
10
|
Abstract
In this article, the authors describe the properties of the Comprehensive Trauma Inventory-104 (CTI-104), developed and designed empirically to improve assessment of traumatic war-related events. The mean number of events reported by 252 community dwelling Kurdish and Vietnamese refugees was 32 (SD=27) out of the 104 items. Internal and test-retest reliability was excellent, and the validity of the CTI-104 as a measure of war trauma was supported by its high correlation with standard measures of known outcomes of trauma. The CTI-104 is reliable and valid, and assesses a broader range of traumatic war-related events in a broader range of refugees than currently available instruments.
Collapse
|
11
|
Safety monitoring of a polyvalent immunoglobulin preparation: documentation of 15,548 administrations. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005; 43:420-8. [PMID: 16163894 DOI: 10.5414/cpp43420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Between 1997 and 2002, a post-marketing surveillance study was conducted throughout Germany to evaluate Intraglobin F in a replacement therapy for primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases. A total of 15,548 individual administrations in 1,705 patients were documented. METHODS The study was conducted as a multicenter project involving 72 outpatient and inpatient treatment centers in Germany. The study variables were recorded during the routine treatment of patients with congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. No additional variables outside the normal routine were recorded as is mandatory in post-marketing surveillance studies. RESULTS The rate of adverse drug reactions (ADR) was 0.064% in 15,548 administrations or 0.59% with reference to 1,705 treated patients; eight non-serious adverse events (AE) were considered to have a "probable" and one further AE a "possible" causal association with the use of Intraglobin F. Only one AE assessed as "serious" was classified as "probably" treatment-related. The efficacy of Intraglobin F was rated by the treating physicians as "very good" or "good" in 91.8% of the evaluated patients. CONCLUSIONS This post-marketing surveillance study has demonstrated the safety of Intraglobin F. The statistical results obtained with the data are supported by the overall assessment of the treating physicians who rated the tolerability of Intraglobin F as "very good" or "good" in 98.5% of the patients. No new or unexpected risks were observed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Knowledge about the range of war-related events experienced by refugees is lacking. This initial report of the New Mexico Refugee Project (NMRP) details the development of the Comprehensive Trauma Inventory (CTI), the first empirically developed instrument that measures war-related events in community-dwelling refugees. Both expert and participant methods using quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to broaden knowledge about the range of war-related experiences in refugees. The CTI-164, developed by expert rational methods, was administered to 36 Kurdish and 31 Vietnamese refugees along with an in-depth interview (IDI) and five other quantitative instruments measuring symptoms, impairment, and social support. Focus groups (FGs) were also conducted. Text and descriptive analyses, t tests, and correlations were used to analyze data. Refugees reported an average of 150 war-related events on the CTI-164, more than in other studies. IDIs and FGs revealed 123 war-related events and event types that were not on the CTI-164 or other measures currently used. Refugees reported multiple chronic symptoms and significant impairment in daily functioning. The CTI-164 was modestly correlated with symptoms and impairment. The definable number and type of war-related events endured by refugees is greater than in previously published research. Expert rational methods are not adequate to develop an instrument to define war-related events and measure their association with health outcomes. Participatory and qualitative methods reveal events and event types that have not been previously defined. The CTI warrants further testing after revision to incorporate items and event types determined by qualitative methods.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
The final step in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring of cell surface proteins consists of a transamidation reaction, in which preassembled GPI donors are substituted for C-terminal signal sequences in nascent polypeptides. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae GPI8 gene (ScGPI8) encodes a protein which is involved in the GPI transamidation reaction. We have cloned and isolated the Schizosaccharomyces pombe GPI8 homologous gene (SpGPI8). The SpGPI8 gene encodes a protein of 411 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of about 47 kDa. It shows 53.5% identity with the ScGPI8 and complements a S. cerevisiae GPI8 anchoring mutant.
Collapse
|
14
|
An early step of glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol anchor biosynthesis is abolished in lepidopteran insect cells following baculovirus infection. Glycobiology 2000; 10:177-83. [PMID: 10642609 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/10.2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of recombinant proteins in their native state has become a prerequisite for a variety of functional and structural studies, as well as vaccine development. Many biochemical properties and functions of proteins are dependent on or reside in posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation. The baculovirus system has increasingly become the system of choice due to it capabilities of performing posttranslational modifications and usually high yields of recombinant proteins. The Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen SAG1 was used as a model for a glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol (GPI)-anchored protein and expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus system. We show that the T. gondii SAG1 surface antigen expressed in this system was not modified by a GPI-anchor. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that uninfected insect cells are able to produce GPI-precursors and to transfer a mature GPI-anchor to nascent proteins. These cells however are not capable to produce GPI-precursors following infection. We also show that the biosynthesis of the early GPI intermediate GlcNH(2)-PI is blocked in baculovirus-infected H5 cells, thus preventing the subsequent mannosylation steps for the synthesis of the conserved GPI-core-glycan. We therefore conclude that the baculovirus system is not appropriate for the expression of GPI-anchored proteins.
Collapse
|
15
|
Processing and localisation of a GPI-anchored Plasmodium falciparum surface protein expressed by the baculovirus system. Eur J Cell Biol 2000; 79:52-61. [PMID: 10711426 DOI: 10.1078/s0171-9335(04)70007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the expression, in insect cells using the baculovirus system, of two protein fragments derived from the C-terminus of merozoite surface protein 1(MSP-1) of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, and their glycosylation and intracellular location. The transport and intracellular localisation of the intact C-terminal MSP-1 fragment, modified by addition of a signal sequence for secretion, was compared with that of a similar control protein in which translation of the GPI-cleavage/attachment site was abolished by insertion of a stop codon into the DNA sequence. Both proteins could only be detected intracellularly, most likely in the endoplasmic reticulum. This lack of transport to the cell surface or beyond, was confirmed for both proteins by immunofluorescence with a specific antibody and characterisation of their N-glycans. The N-glycans had not been processed by enzymes localised in post-endoplasmic reticulum compartments. In contrast to MSP-1, the surface antigen SAG-1 of Toxoplasma gondii was efficiently transported out of the endoplasmic reticulum of insect cells and was located, at least in part, on the cell surface. No GPI-anchor could be detected for either of the MSP-1 constructs or SAG-1, showing that the difference in transport is a property of the individual proteins and cannot be attributed to the lack of a GPI-anchor. The different intracellular location and post-translational modification of recombinant proteins expressed in insect cells, as compared to the native proteins expressed in parasites, and the possible implications for vaccine development are discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chromosomal promoter replacement in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: construction of conditional lethal strains for the cloning of glycosyltransferases from various organisms. Glycoconj J 1999; 16:673-9. [PMID: 11003550 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007132907235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Heterologous complementation in yeast has been a successful tool for cloning and characterisation of genes from various organisms. Therefore we constructed conditionally lethal Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains by replacing the endogenous promoter from the genes of interest (glycosyltransferases) by the stringently regulated GAL1-promoter, by a technique called chromosomal promoter replacement. Such yeast strains were constructed for the genes Alg 1, Alg7, Sec59, Wbp1 involved in N-Glycosylation, the genes Gpi2, Gpi3/Spt14, Gaal, Pis1, involved in GPI-anchor biosynthesis and Dpm involved in both pathways. All strains show the expected conditionally lethal phenotype on glucose-containing medium when expression of the respective gene is turned off.
Collapse
|
17
|
Cloning and functional expression of the human GlcNAc-1-P transferase, the enzyme for the committed step of the dolichol cycle, by heterologous complementation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Glycobiology 1998; 8:77-85. [PMID: 9451016 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/8.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene for the human dolichol cycle GlcNAc-1-P transferase (ALG7/GPT) was cloned by screening a human lung fibroblast cDNA library. The library was constructed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression vector, and the positive clone was identified by complementation of the conditional lethal S.cerevisiae strain YPH-A7-GAL. This strain was constructed by replacing the endogenous promoter of the GPT-gene by the stringently regulated GAL1-promoter. This construct allows to specifically suppress the endogenous enzyme activity. The insert of the positive clone displayed an open reading frame of 1200 nucleotides, coding for a putative protein of 400 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 44.7 kDa. The deduced protein sequence shows a homology of over 90% when compared with other mammalian GPT sequences, thus resembling the close phylogenetic relationship between mammalian species. This homology however decreases to 40-50% when compared to more distantly related organisms such as S.cerevisiae , Schizosaccharomyces pombe , or Leishmania amazonensis . Biochemical characterization of the recombinant protein showed that it is functionally expressed in the S.cerevisiae strain YPH-A7-GAL. GlcNAc- and GlcNAc2-PP-Dolichol biosynthesis could be shown with isolated S.cerevisiae membranes from cells harboring the recombinant plasmid and grown on glucose thus suppressing transcription of the endogenous gene. Synthesis could be stimulated by dolicholphosphate and was inhibited by tunicamycin. These results show that we have cloned the human GlcNAc-1-P transferase by heterologous complementation in S. cerevisiae, a strategy that may be useful for the cloning and characterization of glycosyltransferases from a variety of organisms.
Collapse
|
18
|
Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols in protozoa structure, biosynthesis and intracellular localisation. INDIAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & BIOPHYSICS 1997; 34:105-9. [PMID: 9343937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We are investigating the structure and biosynthesis of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols (GPI) in the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii and Paramecium primaurelia. This comparison of structural and biosynthesis data should lead us to common and individual features of the GPI-biosynthesis and transport in different organisms.
Collapse
|
19
|
Cloning and functional expression of glycosyltransferases from parasitic protozoans by heterologous complementation in yeast: the dolichol phosphate mannose synthase from Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Biochem J 1996; 316 ( Pt 3):853-8. [PMID: 8670162 PMCID: PMC1217428 DOI: 10.1042/bj3160853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The gene for the enzyme dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) synthase from the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T. brucei) was cloned by screening a T. brucei cDNA library and then sequenced. The library was constructed in a yeast expression vector and the positive clone was identified by complementation of a temperature-sensitive defect in the yeast strain DPM 1-6 [Orlean, Albright and Robbins (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 17499-17507]. The insert of this clone displayed an open reading frame of 801 nucleotides coding for a putative protein of 267 amino acids. The deduced protein sequence showed an identity of 49% and a similarity of 69% with the published yeast sequence. Additional features of the T. brucei sequence are the presence of a putative signal sequence, a C-terminal transmembrane domain, a consensus sequence for phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase and a stretch of five nucleotides immediately upstream from the putative initiation codon that could function as a prokaryotic ribosome binding site. A consensus sequence for dolichol binding (FI/VXF/YXXIPFXF/Y) found in the yeast protein could not be detected in the putative transmembrane domain of the T. brucei sequence. Biochemical characterization of the recombinant protein showed that it is functionally expressed in the yeast strain DPM 1-6 and Escherichia coli. In both constructs Dol-P-Man synthesis was shown in a cell-free system. Synthesis was stimulated by exogenous dolichol phosphate and inhibited by amphomycin. These results confirm that we have cloned the T. brucei Dol-P-Man synthase by heterologous complementation in yeast, an approach that might be applicable for other glycosyltransferases from various sources.
Collapse
|
20
|
The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced oxidative burst in rat peritoneal neutrophils is increased by a 0.1 mT (60 Hz) magnetic field. FEBS Lett 1995; 376:164-6. [PMID: 7498533 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic fields (MF) may affect biological systems by increasing free radical concentrations. To test this, we have investigated whether low frequency (60 Hz) low intensity (0.1 mT) MF can modulate the phorbol 12-myristate 13- acetate (PMA) induced respiratory burst in primed rat peritoneal neutrophils, followed in real time using the dye 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH), which reacts with free radical-derived oxidants such as H2O2 (which is formed from the dismutation of superoxide) to become 2',7'-dichlorofluorecein (DCF), a highly fluorescent compound. In the presence of the MF, a 12.4% increase in the fluorescence signal was observed in PMA-stimulated neutrophils (n = 5, P < 0.02, 18 pairs of measurements). We believe this represents the first experimental observation of MF influencing events involving free radical species generated during signal transduction in living cells.
Collapse
|
21
|
[Clinical pharmacy--a novel interdisciplinary cooperation of pharmacist and physician]. SCHWEIZERISCHE RUNDSCHAU FUR MEDIZIN PRAXIS = REVUE SUISSE DE MEDECINE PRAXIS 1993; 82:1299-300. [PMID: 8265944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
22
|
Abstract
The hsp 70 gene of Plasmodium cynomolgi was isolated and characterized. As expected the gene is highly similar to that of the hsp 70 gene of Plasmodium falciparum (98% at the protein level, 82% at the nucleotide level). Surprisingly, the hsp 70 gene appears to be present in a single copy in all the P. cynomolgi strains tested, a finding that has implications for the parasite's ability to undergo a heat shock response.
Collapse
|
23
|
Prävention von Ehe- und Partnerschaftsstörungen EPL (Ehevorbereitung – Ein Partnerschaftliches Lernprogramm). VERHALTENSTHERAPIE 1992. [DOI: 10.1159/000258225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
24
|
The effect of oligonucleotides complementary to the 3' end of the 16S rRNA on the formation of the bacterial 30S initiation complex. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 182:557-62. [PMID: 2473900 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although much attention was focused on the role of the 16S RNA in mRNA selection by the 30S ribosomal subunit no true consensus site has emerged as yet. Oligonucleotides such as GAGG, UGAU and CCAA which are complementary to the 3' end of the 16S RNA stimulate the AUG-dependent binding of fMet-tRNA to 30S subunits. If those tetranucleotides are used in combination or if the octanucleotides GAGGUGAU and UGAUCCAA are applied, the degree of stimulation remains unchanged. Effects are strictly dependent on the presence of initiation factor 2 (IF-2) and cannot be produced by using A4 or U4. With sequences covalently linked to the AUG as in CCAAAUG and UGAUCCAAAUG, the efficiency of the initiation complex formation decreases significantly as compared to AUG with UGAUCCAAAUG being the least efficient mRNA analogue. The pentadecanucleotide GAGGUGAUCCAAAUG, however, shows the highest efficiency in directing the binding of the fMet-tRNA to 30S subunits and is clearly superior to AUG. Initiation factor 2 (IF-2), which stimulates tRNA binding significantly with AUG and CCAAAUG, both in terms of slope and plateau values of the binding curves, does not effect the initial rate of tRNA binding to GAGGUGAUCCAAAUG. In another set of experiments, where GAGG and AUG are separated by oligo(U) or oligo(A) sequences, the effect of chain length was investigated. mRNA analogues with a spacer of 6-9 nucleotides show the highest binding efficiencies, with a U spacer being superior to an A spacer, indicating that a more flexible spacer favours tRNA binding.
Collapse
|
25
|
[Fractures of the calcaneus in childhood]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1982; 61:612-3. [PMID: 7179018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
26
|
[Dissecant osteochondrosis of the ankle joint (author's transl)]. ACTA CHIRURGIAE ORTHOPAEDICAE ET TRAUMATOLOGIAE CECHOSLOVACA 1982; 49:66-73. [PMID: 7064638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
27
|
[Crutchfield clamp of own construction]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1977; 56:630-1. [PMID: 601624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
28
|
[Importance of sport habits for the rehabilitation following accidental injuries]. ZDRAVOTNICKA PRACOVNICE 1974; 24:483. [PMID: 4498493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
29
|
[Influencing of the diagnosis of acute surgical complications in patients under long-term resuscitation]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1974; 53:350-3. [PMID: 4841774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
30
|
[Associated craniocerebral injury as a decisive factor in the early post-traumatic period]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1974; 53:292-5. [PMID: 4842715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
31
|
[Evaluation of the metabolic activity of the callus by 83 Sr uptake and estimation of the level of mucopolysaccharides]. ACTA CHIRURGIAE ORTHOPAEDICAE ET TRAUMATOLOGIAE CECHOSLOVACA 1974; 41:97-104. [PMID: 4274986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
32
|
[Surgical treatment of fractures of the femoral neck]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1972; 51:573-6. [PMID: 5075595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
33
|
[Changes in the soft parts due to injuries of peripheral epiphysis of the radius]. CESKOSLOVENSKA RADIOLOGIE 1970; 24:136-9. [PMID: 5443129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
34
|
[Soft tissue changes with respect to injury to the elbow and the peripheral radius epiphysis]. FORTSCHRITTE AUF DEM GEBIETE DER RONTGENSTRAHLEN UND DER NUKLEARMEDIZIN 1970; 112:505-9. [PMID: 5535100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
35
|
[Comments on the diagnosis of pseudarthrosis]. CESKOSLOVENSKA RADIOLOGIE 1969; 23:235-238. [PMID: 5810149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
36
|
[Fractures of the lower epiphysis of the humerus in adolescents]. ACTA CHIRURGIAE ORTHOPAEDICAE ET TRAUMATOLOGIAE CECHOSLOVACA 1969; 36:201-3. [PMID: 5806327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
37
|
[Sequelae of tibial fractures and their evaluation]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1969; 48:328-331. [PMID: 5800827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
38
|
[Evaluation of consequences of crural fractures]. ROZHLEDY V CHIRURGII : MESICNIK CESKOSLOVENSKE CHIRURGICKE SPOLECNOSTI 1966; 45:503-6. [PMID: 5924196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|