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Increased sLRP1 and decreased atrial natriuretic peptide plasma levels in newly diagnosed T2DM patients are normalized after optimization of glycemic control. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1236487. [PMID: 37635956 PMCID: PMC10450024 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) negatively modulates circulating atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels. Both molecules are involved in the regulation of cardiometabolism. Objectives To evaluate soluble LRP1 (sLRP1) and ANP levels in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and determine the effects of metabolic optimization. Methods This single-center longitudinal observational study recruited patients with newly diagnosed T2DM (n = 29, HbA1c > 8.5%), and 12 healthy control, age- and sex-matched volunteers. sLRP1 and ANP levels were measured by immunoassays at T2DM onset and at one year after optimization of glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 6.5%). Results T2DM had higher sLRP1 levels than the control group (p = 0.014) and lower ANP levels (p =0.002). At 12 months, 23 T2DM patients reached the target of HbA1c ≤ 6.5%. These patients significantly reduced sLRP1 and increased ANP levels. Patients who did not achieve HbA1c < 6.5% failed to normalize sLRP1 and ANP levels. There was an inverse correlation in the changes in sLRP1 and ANP (p = 0.031). The extent of sLRP1 changes over 12 months of metabolic control positively correlated with those of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, TG, TG/HDLc, and apolipoprotein B. Conclusions Newly diagnosed T2DM patients have an increased sLRP1/ANP ratio, and increased sLRP1 and decreased ANP levels are normalized in the T2DM patients that reached an strict glycemic and metabolic control. sLRP1/ANP ratio could be a reliable marker of cardiometabolic function.
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Obesity-induced changes in cancer cells and their microenvironment: Mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives to manage dysregulated lipid metabolism. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 93:36-51. [PMID: 37156344 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has been closely related to cancer progression, recurrence, metastasis, and treatment resistance. We aim to review recent progress in the knowledge on the obese macroenvironment and the generated adipose tumor microenvironment (TME) inducing lipid metabolic dysregulation and their influence on carcinogenic processes. Visceral white adipose tissue expansion during obesity exerts systemic or macroenvironmental effects on tumor initiation, growth, and invasion by promoting inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, growth-factor release, and dyslipidemia. The dynamic relationship between cancer and stromal cells of the obese adipose TME is critical for cancer cell survival and proliferation as well. Experimental evidence shows that secreted paracrine signals from cancer cells can induce lipolysis in cancer-associated adipocytes, causing them to release free fatty acids and acquire a fibroblast-like phenotype. Such adipocyte delipidation and phenotypic change is accompanied by an increased secretion of cytokines by cancer-associated adipocytes and tumor-associated macrophages in the TME. Mechanistically, the availability of adipose TME free fatty acids and tumorigenic cytokines concomitant with the activation of angiogenic processes creates an environment that favors a shift in the cancer cells toward an aggressive phenotype associated with increased invasiveness. We conclude that restoring the aberrant metabolic alterations in the host macroenvironment and in adipose TME of obese subjects would be a therapeutic option to prevent cancer development. Several dietary, lipid-based, and oral antidiabetic pharmacological therapies could potentially prevent tumorigenic processes associated with the dysregulated lipid metabolism closely linked to obesity.
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Inhibitory Effects of LRP1-Based Immunotherapy on Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Biophysical Alterations Induced by Hypercholesterolemia. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6251-6262. [PMID: 37116069 PMCID: PMC10184115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of lipids in cardiomyocytes contributes to cardiac dysfunction. The specific blockage of cardiomyocyte cholesteryl ester (CE) loading by antibodies (Abs) against the P3 sequence (Gly1127-Cys1140) of the LRP1 receptor improves cardiac insulin sensitivity. The impact of anti-P3 Abs on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) biophysical alterations was analyzed. Both IrP (without Abs) and P3-immunized rabbits (with Abs) were randomized into groups fed either HFD or a standard chow diet. Cardiac lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the attenuated total reflectance mode. The hydric organization and physical structure were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. HFD increased the levels of esterified lipids, collagen, and α-helical structures and upregulated fibrosis, bound water, and ECM plasticization in the heart. The inhibitory effect of anti-P3 Abs on cardiac CE accumulation was sufficient to reduce the collagen-filled extracellular space, the level of fibrosis, and the amount of bound water but did not counteract ECM plasticization in the heart of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
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Gender-dependent regulation of FABP4 and leptin according to atrial fibrillation burden. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Adiposity plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Its associated proteins are differentially released between male and female. FABP4 and leptin are mediators in adipose tissue-inflammatory effects. Our aim was to study their gender differential behavior on mechanisms associated with AF progression.
Methods and results
Two independent cohorts were analyzed: A) patients referred for AF catheter ablation (n=217) and patients with suspected coronary artery disease referred for a CT scan (without previous history of AF) (n=105). Protein levels were determined by multiplex fluorometric immunoassay. Gene mRNA expression was analyzed by real time polymerase chain reaction. Correlation between biomarkers was explored with heatmaps and Kendall correlation coefficients. Logistic regression and random forest model determined the best predictors of AF recurrence after catheter ablation. Our results showed: 1) a distinctive profile according to gender, with an increment of FABP4 levels in women (20±14, 29±18 and 31±17 ng/mL; p=0.007) and a decrease of leptin levels in men (22±15, 13±16 and 13±11 ng/mL; p=0.001) among control, paroxysmal and persistent AF groups, respectively; 2) sex differences regarding inflammatory profile, oxidative stress and autonomic indirect markers in AF; 3) a prominent role of adipokines to discriminate AF recurrence after ablation. In persistent AF, FABP4 was the best predictor (LR coefficient 1.067, 95% CI 1–1.14, p=0.046).
Conclusion
The major finding of the present study is the sex differences of FABP4 and leptin according to AF burden. The relationship of these adipokines with oxidative stress, inflammatory and autonomic indirect markers might explain part of the mechanisms underlying the AF perpetuation.
Adipokines regarding Gender & AF burden
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Institute of Health Carlos III
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Circulating non-coding RNAs in biomarker-guided cardiovascular therapy: a novel tool for personalized medicine? Eur Heart J 2020; 40:1643-1650. [PMID: 29688487 PMCID: PMC6528150 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current clinical guidelines emphasize the unmet need for technological innovations to guide physician decision-making and to transit from conventional care to personalized cardiovascular medicine. Biomarker-guided cardiovascular therapy represents an interesting approach to inform tailored treatment selection and monitor ongoing efficacy. However, results from previous publications cast some doubts about the clinical applicability of biomarkers to direct individualized treatment. In recent years, the non-coding human transcriptome has emerged as a new opportunity for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and biomarker discovery. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) signatures may provide an accurate molecular fingerprint of patient phenotypes and capture levels of information that could complement traditional markers and established clinical variables. Importantly, ncRNAs have been identified in body fluids and their concentrations change with physiology and pathology, thus representing promising non-invasive biomarkers. Previous publications highlight the translational applicability of circulating ncRNAs for diagnosis and prognostic stratification within cardiology. Numerous independent studies have also evaluated the potential of the circulating non-coding transcriptome to predict and monitor response to cardiovascular treatment. However, this field has not been reviewed in detail. Here, we discuss the state-of-the-art research into circulating ncRNAs, specifically microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, to support clinical decision-making in cardiovascular therapy. Furthermore, we summarize current methodological and conceptual limitations and propose future steps for their incorporation into personalized cardiology. Despite the lack of robust population-based studies and technical barriers, circulating ncRNAs emerge as a promising tool for biomarker-guided therapy.
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Liver CPT1A gene therapy reduces diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice and highlights potential lipid biomarkers for human NAFLD. FASEB J 2020; 34:11816-11837. [PMID: 32666604 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000678r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased drastically due to the global obesity pandemic but at present there are no approved therapies. Here, we aimed to revert high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and NAFLD in mice by enhancing liver fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Moreover, we searched for potential new lipid biomarkers for monitoring liver steatosis in humans. We used adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver a permanently active mutant form of human carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (hCPT1AM), the key enzyme in FAO, in the liver of a mouse model of HFD-induced obesity and NAFLD. Expression of hCPT1AM enhanced hepatic FAO and autophagy, reduced liver steatosis, and improved glucose homeostasis. Lipidomic analysis in mice and humans before and after therapeutic interventions, such as hepatic AAV9-hCPT1AM administration and RYGB surgery, respectively, led to the identification of specific triacylglyceride (TAG) specie (C50:1) as a potential biomarker to monitor NAFFLD disease. To sum up, here we show for the first time that liver hCPT1AM gene therapy in a mouse model of established obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD can reduce HFD-induced derangements. Moreover, our study highlights TAG (C50:1) as a potential noninvasive biomarker that might be useful to monitor NAFLD in mice and humans.
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LDL Receptor Regulates the Reverse Transport of Macrophage-Derived Unesterified Cholesterol via Concerted Action of the HDL-LDL Axis: Insight From Mouse Models. Circ Res 2020; 127:778-792. [PMID: 32495699 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-mediated stimulation of cellular cholesterol efflux initiates macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport (m-RCT), which ends in the fecal excretion of macrophage-derived unesterified cholesterol (UC). Early studies established that LDL (low-density lipoprotein) particles could act as efficient intermediate acceptors of cellular-derived UC, thereby preventing the saturation of HDL particles and facilitating their cholesterol efflux capacity. However, the capacity of LDL to act as a plasma cholesterol reservoir and its potential impact in supporting the m-RCT pathway in vivo both remain unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated LDL contributions to the m-RCT pathway in hypercholesterolemic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Macrophage cholesterol efflux induced in vitro by LDL added to the culture media either alone or together with HDL or ex vivo by plasma derived from subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia was assessed. In vivo, m-RCT was evaluated in mouse models of hypercholesterolemia that were naturally deficient in CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) and fed a Western-type diet. LDL induced the efflux of radiolabeled UC from cultured macrophages, and, in the simultaneous presence of HDL, a rapid transfer of the radiolabeled UC from HDL to LDL occurred. However, LDL did not exert a synergistic effect on HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in the familial hypercholesterolemia plasma. The m-RCT rates of the LDLr (LDL receptor)-KO (knockout), LDLr-KO/APOB100, and PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9)-overexpressing mice were all significantly reduced relative to the wild-type mice. In contrast, m-RCT remained unchanged in HAPOB100 Tg (human APOB100 transgenic) mice with fully functional LDLr, despite increased levels of plasma APO (apolipoprotein)-B-containing lipoproteins. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic LDLr plays a critical role in the flow of macrophage-derived UC to feces, while the plasma increase of APOB-containing lipoproteins is unable to stimulate m-RCT. The results indicate that, besides the major HDL-dependent m-RCT pathway via SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B type 1) to the liver, a CETP-independent m-RCT path exists, in which LDL mediates the transfer of cholesterol from macrophages to feces. Graphical Abstract: A graphical abstract is available for this article.
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Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 deficiency in cardiomyocytes reduces susceptibility to insulin resistance and obesity. Metabolism 2020; 106:154191. [PMID: 32112822 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) plays a key role in fatty acid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. In the context of dyslipemia, LRP1 is upregulated in the heart. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of cardiomyocyte LRP1 deficiency on high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac and metabolic alterations, and to explore the potential mechanisms involved. METHODS We used TnT-iCre transgenic mice with thoroughly tested suitability to delete genes exclusively in cardiomyocytes to generate an experimental mouse model with conditional Lrp1 deficiency in cardiomyocytes (TNT-iCre+-LRP1flox/flox). FINDINGS Mice with Lrp1-deficient cardiomyocytes (cm-Lrp1-/-) have a normal cardiac function combined with a favorable metabolic phenotype against HFD-induced glucose intolerance and obesity. Glucose intolerance protection was linked to higher hepatic fatty acid oxidation (FAO), lower liver steatosis and increased whole-body energy expenditure. Proteomic studies of the heart revealed decreased levels of cardiac pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP), which was parallel to higher ANP circulating levels. cm-Lrp1-/- mice showed ANP signaling activation that was linked to increased fatty acid (FA) uptake and increased AMPK/ ACC phosphorylation in the liver. Natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) antagonist completely abolished ANP signaling and metabolic protection in cm-Lrp1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that an ANP-dependent axis controlled by cardiac LRP1 levels modulates AMPK activity in the liver, energy homeostasis and whole-body metabolism.
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Micrornas As Circulating Biomarkers Of Epicardial Fat Volume: A Multidetector Computed Tomography Study. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Interplay between epicardial adipose tissue, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2018; 30:230-239. [PMID: 29903689 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in obese and diabetic patients. In these groups of patients, the alterations of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contribute to both vascular and myocardial dysfunction. Therefore, it is of clinical interest to determine the mechanisms by which EAT influences cardiovascular disease. Two key factors contribute to the tight intercommunication among EAT, coronary arteries and myocardium. One is the close anatomical proximity between these tissues. The other is the capacity of EAT to secrete cytokines and other molecules with paracrine and vasocrine effects on the cardiovascular system. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that EAT thickness is associated with not only metabolic syndrome but also atherosclerosis and heart failure. The evaluation of EAT using imaging modalities, although effective, presents several disadvantages including radiation exposure, limited availability and elevated costs. Therefore, there is a clinical interest in EAT as a source of new biomarkers of cardiovascular and endocrine alterations. In this review, we revise the mechanisms involved in the protective and pathological role of EAT and present the molecules released by EAT with greater potential to become biomarkers of cardiometabolic alterations.
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Abstract
Recent advances in RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis have allowed the development of a new research field: circular RNAs (circRNAs). These members of the non-coding transcriptome are generated by backsplicing, which results in a covalently closed, single-stranded RNA molecule. To date, thousands of circRNAs have been identified in different human cell types. CircRNAs are evolutionarily conserved, highly stable, cell-/developmental stage-specific and have longer half-lives compared with linear RNAs. Interestingly, different studies have demonstrated that circRNAs are abundantly expressed in the bloodstream. In this chapter, we review the current knowledge of circRNA biology in blood cells and the cell-free compartment, including extracellular vesicles. The potential clinical application of blood circRNAs in the biomarker and therapy fields is also discussed. Finally, perspectives for future studies are proposed.
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Human hepatic lipase overexpression in mice induces hepatic steatosis and obesity through promoting hepatic lipogenesis and white adipose tissue lipolysis and fatty acid uptake. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189834. [PMID: 29244870 PMCID: PMC5731695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hepatic lipase (hHL) is mainly localized on the hepatocyte cell surface where it hydrolyzes lipids from remnant lipoproteins and high density lipoproteins and promotes their hepatic selective uptake. Furthermore, hepatic lipase (HL) is closely associated with obesity in multiple studies. Therefore, HL may play a key role on lipid homeostasis in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of hHL expression on hepatic and white adipose triglyceride metabolism in vivo. Experiments were carried out in hHL transgenic and wild-type mice fed a Western-type diet. Triglyceride metabolism studies included β-oxidation and de novo lipogenesis in liver and WAT, hepatic triglyceride secretion, and adipose lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-mediated free fatty acid (FFA) lipolysis and influx. The expression of hHL promoted hepatic triglyceride accumulation and de novo lipogenesis without affecting triglyceride secretion, and this was associated with an upregulation of Srebf1 as well as the main genes controlling the synthesis of fatty acids. Transgenic mice also exhibited more adiposity and an increased LPL-mediated FFA influx into the WAT without affecting glucose tolerance. Our results demonstrate that hHL promoted hepatic steatosis in mice mainly by upregulating de novo lipogenesis. HL also upregulated WAT LPL and promoted triglyceride-rich lipoprotein hydrolysis and adipose FFA uptake. These data support the important role of hHL in regulating hepatic lipid homeostasis and confirm the broad cardiometabolic role of HL.
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P1586Plasma microRNAs for identification of patients with Lamin A/C gene mutation causing familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract 620: Circulating miRNAs a Novel Tool to Assess BAG3 Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
A new familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) was recently found related to mutations in the antiapoptotic BAG3 gene. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs playing significant roles in cardiac disease, including DCM, thus representing new potential targets of treatment. However, no previous study has evaluated the clinical association between BAG3-related DCM and circulating miRNAs.
Purpose:
We aimed to evaluate whether the clinical association between BAG3-related familial DCM and the circulating miRNA profile may represent a new tool for the diagnosis and progression assessment of the disease.
Methods:
Detailed clinical and echocardiographic information was obtained from 21 patients with familial DCM carrying the BAG3 mutation and 21 age-matched healthy subjects. RNA was isolated from peripheral blood and analysed using ultrasequencing. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore the potential molecular pathways related to the miRNA profile.
Results:
To determine the miRNA profile in BAG3-associated DCM, the analysis of 1759 circulating miRNA was performed in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with BAG3 mutation, and compared to healthy age-matched subjects. The expression profiles showed significant differences between controls and BAG3 mutation carriers: miRNAs 3191-3p, 6769b-3p, 1249-ep, 154-5p, 6855-5p, and 182-5p were at least 2-fold downregulated in patients compared to healthy subjects. Endogenous gene targets of these miRNAs are now under investigation, highlighting miR-182-5p,and its target Ankyrin G.
Conclusions:
miRNAs emerge as a novel tool to differentiate healthy subjects and patients with BAG3-related DCM. Of particular interest is the downstream analysis of endogenous miRNA targets, the Ankyrin G gene. Further investigation regarding the contribution of Ankyrin G and other target genes of the miRNA profile described in BAG3-related DCM will be a key step to deeply understand the contribution of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of familial DCM.
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Translating the microRNA signature of microvesicles derived from human coronary artery smooth muscle cells in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 106:55-67. [PMID: 28342976 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyze the impact of atherogenic lipoproteins on the miRNA signature of microvesicles derived from human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC) and to translate these results to familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS Conditioned media was collected after exposure of CASMC to atherogenic lipoproteins. Plasma samples were collected from two independent populations of diagnosed FH patients and matched normocholesterolemic controls (Study population 1, N=50; Study population 2, N=24) and a population of patients with suspected CAD (Study population 3, N=50). Extracellular vesicles were isolated and characterized using standard techniques. A panel of 30 miRNAs related to vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) (patho-)physiology was analyzed using RT-qPCR. RESULTS Atherogenic lipoproteins significantly reduced levels of miR-15b-5p, -24-3p, -29b-3p, -130a-3p, -143-3p, -146a-3p, -222-3p, -663a levels (P<0.050) in microvesicles (0.1μm-1μm in diameter) released by CASMC. Two of these miRNAs, miR-24-3p and miR-130a-3p, were reduced in circulating microvesicles from FH patients compared with normocholesterolemic controls in a pilot study (Study population 1) and in different validation studies (Study populations 1 and 2) (P<0.050). Supporting these results, plasma levels of miR-24-3p and miR-130a-3p were also downregulated in FH patients compared to controls (P<0.050). In addition, plasma levels of miR-130a-3p were inversely associated with coronary atherosclerosis in a cohort of suspected CAD patients (Study population 3) (P<0.050). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to atherogenic lipoproteins modifies the miRNA profile of CASMC-derived microvesicles and these alterations are reflected in patients with FH. Circulating miR-130a-3p emerges as a potential biomarker for coronary atherosclerosis.
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Serum microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a levels reflect myocardial steatosis in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:47. [PMID: 28246388 PMCID: PMC5428350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using in vitro, in vivo and patient-based approaches, we investigated the potential of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as surrogate biomarkers of myocardial steatosis, a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We analysed the cardiomyocyte-enriched miRNA signature in serum from patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes and with verified absence of structural heart disease or inducible ischemia, and control volunteers of the same age range and BMI (N = 86), in serum from a high-fat diet-fed murine model, and in exosomes from lipid-loaded HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Circulating miR-1 and miR-133a levels were robustly associated with myocardial steatosis in type 2 diabetes patients, independently of confounding factors in both linear and logistic regression analyses (P < 0.050 for all models). Similar to myocardial steatosis, miR-133a levels were increased in type 2 diabetes patients as compared with healthy subjects (P < 0.050). Circulating miR-1 and miR-133a levels were significantly elevated in high-fat diet-fed mice (P < 0.050), which showed higher myocardial steatosis, as compared with control animals. miR-1 and miR-133a levels were higher in exosomes released from lipid-loaded HL-1 cardiomyocytes (P < 0.050). Circulating miR-1 and miR-133a are independent predictors of myocardial steatosis. Our results highlight the value of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic tools for subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Familial dilated cardiomyopathy: A multidisciplinary entity, from basic screening to novel circulating biomarkers. Int J Cardiol 2017; 228:870-880. [PMID: 27889554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Circulating Long Noncoding RNAs in Personalized Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 68:2914-2916. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Circulating long-non coding RNAs as biomarkers of left ventricular diastolic function and remodelling in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37354. [PMID: 27874027 PMCID: PMC5118808 DOI: 10.1038/srep37354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Contractile dysfunction is underdiagnosed in early stages of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We evaluated the potential of circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers of subclinical cardiac abnormalities in type 2 diabetes. Forty-eight men with well-controlled type 2 diabetes and 12 healthy age-matched volunteers were enrolled in the study. Left ventricular (LV) parameters were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. A panel of lncRNAs was quantified in serum by RT-qPCR. No differences in expression levels of lncRNAs were observed between type 2 diabetes patients and healthy volunteers. In patients with type 2 diabetes, long intergenic non-coding RNA predicting cardiac remodeling (LIPCAR) was inversely associated with diastolic function, measured as E/A peak flow (P < 0.050 for all linear models). LIPCAR was positively associated with grade I diastolic dysfunction (P < 0.050 for all logistic models). Myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) and smooth muscle and endothelial cell-enriched migration/differentiation-associated long noncoding RNA (SENCR) were directly associated with LV mass to LV end-diastolic volume ratio, a marker of cardiac remodelling (P < 0.050 for all linear models). These findings were validated in a sample of 30 patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. LncRNAs are independent predictors of diastolic function and remodelling in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Circulating levels of soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (sLRP1) as novel biomarker of epicardial adipose tissue. Int J Cardiol 2016; 223:371-373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Biomarker discovery by plasma proteomics in familial LMNA dilated cardiomyopathy. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Poster session 1Cell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Heart72Understanding the metabolism of cardiac progenitor cells: a first step towards controlling their proliferation and differentiation?73Expression of pw1/peg3 identifies a new cardiac adult stem cell population involved in post-myocardial infarction remodeling74Long-term stimulation of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes using optogenetic techniques to promote phenotypic changes in E-C coupling75Benefits of electrical stimulation on differentiation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells76Constitutive beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP production controls spontaneous automaticity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes77Formation and stability of T-tubules in cardiomyocytes78Identification of miRNAs promoting human cardiomyocyte proliferation by regulating Hippo pathway79A direct comparison of foetal to adult epicardial cell activation reveals distinct differences relevant for the post-injury response80Role of neuropilins in zebrafish heart regeneration81Highly efficient immunomagnetic purification of cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells82Cardiac progenitor cells posses a molecular circadian clock and display large 24-hour oscillations in proliferation and stress tolerance83Influence of sirolimus and everolimus on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell biology84Endoglin is important for epicardial behaviour following cardiac injuryCell death and apoptosis - Heart87Ultrastructural alterations reflecting Ca2+ handling and cell-to-cell coupling disorders precede occurrence of severe arrhythmias in intact animal heart88Urocortin-1 promotes cardioprotection through ERK1/2 and EPAC pathways: role in apoptosis and necrosis89Expression p38 MAPK and Cas-3 in myocardium LV of rats with experimental heart failure at melatonin and enalapril introductionTranscriptional control and RNA species - Heart92Accumulation of beta-amyloid 1-40 in HF patients: the role of lncRNA BACE1-AS93Role of miR-182 in zebrafish and mouse models of Holt-Oram syndrome94Mir-27 distinctly regulates muscle-enriched transcription factors and growth factors in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells95AF risk factors impair PITX2 expression leading to Wnt-microRNA-ion channel remodelingCytokines and cellular inflammation - Heart98Post-infarct survival depends on the interplay of monocytes, neutrophils and interferon gamma in a mouse model of myocardial Infarction99Inflammatory cd11b/c cells play a protective role in compensated cardiac hypertrophy by promoting an orai3-related pro-survival signal100Anti-inflammatory effects of endothelin receptor blockade in the atrial tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats101Mesenchymal stromal cells reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activity in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis102Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate monocytes trafficking in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis103The impact of regulatory T lymphocytes on long-term mortality in patients with chronic heart failure104Temporal dynamics of dendritic cells after ST-elevation myocardial infarction relate with improvement of myocardial functionGrowth factors and neurohormones - Heart107Preconditioning of hypertrophied heart: miR-1 and IGF-1 crosstalk108Modulation of catecholamine secretion from human adrenal chromaffin cells by manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 activity109Evaluation of cyclic adenosin-3,5- monophosphate and neurohormones in patients with chronic heart failureNitric oxide and reactive oxygen species - Heart112Hydrogen sulfide donor inhibits oxidative and nitrosative stress, cardiohemodynamics disturbances and restores cNOS coupling in old rats113Role and mechanisms of action of aldehydes produced by monoamine oxidase A in cardiomyocyte death and heart failure114Exercise training has contrasting effects in myocardial infarction and pressure-overload due to different endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulation115S-Nitroso Human Serum Albumin dose-dependently leads to vasodilation and alters reactive hyperaemia in coronary arteries of an isolated mouse heart model116Modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase with folic acid attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy119Effects of long-term very high intensity exercise on aortic structure and function in an animal model120Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy quantification of nitrosylated hemoglobin (HbNO) as an index of vascular nitric oxide bioavailability in vivo121Deletion of repressor activator protein 1 impairs acetylcholine-induced relaxation due to production of reactive oxygen speciesExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Heart124MicroRNA-19b is associated with myocardial collagen cross-linking in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Potential usefulness as a circulating biomarker125A new ex vivo model to study cardiac fibrosis126Heterogeneity of fibrosis and fibroblast differentiation in the left ventricle after myocardial infarction127Effect of carbohydrate metabolism degree compensation to the level of galectin-3 changes in hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus128Statin paradox in association with calcification of bicuspid aortic valve interstitial cells129Cardiac function remains impaired despite reversible cardiac fibrosis after healed experimental viral myocarditisIon channels, ion exchangers and cellular electrophysiology - Heart132Identifying a novel role for PMCA1 (Atp2b1) in heart rhythm instability133Mutations of the caveolin-3 gene as a predisposing factor for cardiac arrhythmias134The human sinoatrial node action potential: time for a computational model135iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes as a model to dissect ion current alterations of genetic atrial fibrillation136Postextrasystolic potentiation in healthy and diseased hearts: effects of the site of origin and coupling interval of the preceding extrasystole137Absence of Nav1.8-based (late) sodium current in rabbit cardiomyocytes and human iPSC-CMs138hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from Brugada Syndrome patients without identified mutations do not exhibit cellular electrophysiological abnormalitiesMicrocirculation141Atherogenic indices, collagen type IV turnover and the development of microvascular complications- study in diabetics with arterial hypertension142Changes in the microvasculature and blood viscosity in women with rheumatoid arthritis, hypercholesterolemia and hypertensionAtherosclerosis145Shear stress regulates endothelial autophagy: consequences on endothelial senescence and atherogenesis146Obstructive sleep apnea causes aortic remodeling in a chronic murine model147Aortic perivascular adipose tissue displays an aged phenotype in early and late atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice148A systematic evaluation of the cellular innate immune response during the process of human atherosclerosis149Inhibition of Coagulation factor Xa increases plaque stability and attenuates the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice150Regulatory CD4+ T cells from patients with atherosclerosis display pro-inflammatory skewing and enhanced suppression function151Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha regulates macrophage energy metabolism by mediating miRNAs152Extracellular S100A4 is a key player of smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition: implications in atherosclerosis153Microparticles of healthy origins improve atherosclerosis-associated endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction via microRNA transfer154Arterial remodeling and metabolism impairment in early atherosclerosis155Role of pannexin1 in atherosclerotic plaque formationCalcium fluxes and excitation-contraction coupling158Amphiphysin II induces tubule formation in cardiac cells159Interleukin 1 beta regulation of connexin 43 in cardiac fibroblasts and the effects of adult cardiac myocyte:fibroblast co-culture on myocyte contraction160T-tubular electrical defects contribute to blunted beta-adrenergic response in heart failure161Beat-to-beat variability of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of Purkinje cells in the infarct border zone of the mouse heart revealed by rapid-scanning confocal microscopy162The efficacy of late sodium current blockers in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is dependent on genotype: a study on transgenic mouse models with different mutations163Synthesis of cADPR and NAADP by intracellular CD38 in heart: role in inotropic and arrhythmogenic effects of beta-adrenoceptor signalingContractile apparatus166Towards an engineered heart tissue model of HCM using hiPSC expressing the ACTC E99K mutation167Diastolic mechanical load delays structural and functional deterioration of ultrathin adult heart slices in culture168Structural investigation of the cardiac troponin complex by molecular dynamics169Exercise training restores myocardial and oxidative skeletal muscle function from myocardial infarction heart failure ratsOxygen sensing, ischaemia and reperfusion172A novel antibody specific to full-length stromal derived factor-1 alpha reveals that remote conditioning induces its cleavage by endothelial dipeptidyl peptidase 4173Attenuation of myocardial and vascular arginase activity by vagal nerve stimulation via a mechanism involving alpha-7 nicotinic receptor during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion174Novel nanoparticle-mediated medicine for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury simultaneously targeting mitochondrial injury and myocardial inflammation175Acetylcholine plays a key role in myocardial ischaemic preconditioning via recruitment of intrinsic cardiac ganglia176The role of nitric oxide and VEGFR-2 signaling in post ischemic revascularization and muscle recovery in aged hypercholesterolemic mice177Efficacy of ischemic preconditioning to protect the human myocardium: the role of clinical conditions and treatmentsCardiomyopathies and fibrosis180Plakophilin-2 haploinsufficiency leads to impaired canonical Wnt signaling in ARVC patient181Improved technique for customized, easier, safer and more reliable transverse aortic arch banding and debanding in mice as a model of pressure overload hypertrophy182Late sodium current inhibitors for the treatment of inducible obstruction and diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a study on human myocardium183Angiotensin II receptor antagonist fimasartan has protective role of left ventricular fibrosis and remodeling in the rat ischemic heart184Role of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) redox state on cardiac fibroblasts activities and heart function after myocardial infarction185Atrial remodeling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from mouse models carrying different mutations in cTnT186Electrophysiological abnormalities in ventricular cardiomyocytes from a Maine Coon cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: effects of ranolazine187ZBTB17 is a novel cardiomyopathy candidate gene and regulates autophagy in the heart188Inhibition of SRSF4 in cardiomyocytes induces left ventricular hypertrophy189Molecular characterization of a novel cardiomyopathy related desmin frame shift mutation190Autonomic characterisation of electro-mechanical remodeling in an in-vitro leporine model of heart failure191Modulation of Ca2+-regulatory function by three novel mutations in TNNI3 associated with severe infant restrictive cardiomyopathyAging194The aging impact on cardiac mesenchymal like stromal cells (S+P+)195Reversal of premature aging markers after bariatric surgery196Sex-associated differences in vascular remodeling during aging: role of renin-angiotensin system197Role of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in age dependent left ventricle dysfunctionsGenetics and epigenetics200hsa-miR-21-5p as a key factor in aortic remodeling during aneurysm formation201Co-inheritance of mutations associated with arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in two Italian families202Lamin a/c hot spot codon 190: form various amino acid substitutions to clinical effects203Treatment with aspirin and atorvastatin attenuate cardiac injury induced by rat chest irradiation: Implication of myocardial miR-1, miR-21, connexin-43 and PKCGenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics206Differential phosphorylation of desmin at serines 27 and 31 drives the accumulation of preamyloid oligomers in heart failure207Potential role of kinase Akt2 in the reduced recovery of type 2 diabetic hearts subjected to ischemia / reperfusion injury208A proteomics comparison of extracellular matrix remodelling in porcine coronary arteries upon stent implantationMetabolism, diabetes mellitus and obesity211Targeting grk2 as therapeutic strategy for cancer associated to diabetes212Effects of salbutamol on large arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome213Circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a: potential biomarkers of myocardial steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus214Anti-inflammatory nutrigenomic effects of hydroxytyrosol in human adipocytes - protective mechanisms of mediterranean diets in obesity-related inflammation215Alterations in the metal content of different cardiac regions within a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathyTissue engineering218A novel conductive patch for application in cardiac tissue engineering219Establishment of a simplified and improved workflow from neonatal heart dissociation to cardiomyocyte purification and characterization220Effects of flexible substrate on cardiomyocytes cell culture221Mechanical stretching on cardiac adipose progenitors upregulates sarcomere-related genes. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Young Investigator Abstract Session - Vascular258Pro-atherogenic miR-103 inhibits endothelial proliferation by targeting lncWDR59259Circulating long-non coding RNA LIPCAR and left ventricular diastolic function in patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus260Circulating thrombospondin-1 inhibits coronary blood flow reserve in aging hearts through a CD-47-dependent decrease in NO in coronary arterioles261Endothelial cell adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-1 is critically involved in vascular development and homeostasis in vivo262Sympathetic transmission in perivascular adipose tissue function in health and obesity. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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K Domain CR9 of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor-related Protein 1 (LRP1) Is Critical for Aggregated LDL-induced Foam Cell Formation from Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:14852-65. [PMID: 25918169 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.638361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) mediates the internalization of aggregated LDL (AgLDL), which in turn increases the expression of LRP1 in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs). This positive feedback mechanism is thus highly efficient to promote the formation of hVSMC foam cells, a crucial vascular component determining the susceptibility of atherosclerotic plaque to rupture. Here we have determined the LRP1 domains involved in AgLDL recognition with the aim of specifically blocking AgLDL internalization in hVSMCs. The capacity of fluorescently labeled AgLDL to bind to functional LRP1 clusters was tested in a receptor-ligand fluorometric assay made by immobilizing soluble LRP1 "minireceptors" (sLRP1-II, sLRP1-III, and sLRP1-IV) recombinantly expressed in CHO cells. This assay showed that AgLDL binds to cluster II. We predicted three well exposed and potentially immunogenic peptides in the CR7-CR9 domains of this cluster (termed P1 (Cys(1051)-Glu(1066)), P2 (Asp(1090)-Cys(1104)), and P3 (Gly(1127)-Cys(1140))). AgLDL, but not native LDL, bound specifically and tightly to P3-coated wells. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against P3 prevented AgLDL uptake by hVSMCs and were almost twice as effective as anti-P1 and anti-P2 Abs in reducing intracellular cholesteryl ester accumulation. Moreover, anti-P3 Abs efficiently prevented AgLDL-induced LRP1 up-regulation and counteracted the down-regulatory effect of AgLDL on hVSMC migration. In conclusion, domain CR9 appears to be critical for LRP1-mediated AgLDL binding and internalization in hVSMCs. Our results open new avenues for an innovative anti-VSMC foam cell-based strategy for the treatment of vascular lipid deposition in atherosclerosis.
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P391Hypoxia aggravates the impact of cardiomyocyte triglyceride accumulation promoted by electronegative LDL. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu091.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P712Imatinib counteracts hypoxia-induced human vascular smooth muscle cell migration through LRP1-pPyK2-MMP-9 axis impairment. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Molecular and functional characterization of LRP1 promoter polymorphism c.1-25 C>G (rs138854007). Atherosclerosis 2014; 233:178-85. [PMID: 24529141 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The transcription of the Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) is upregulated by aggregated LDL (agLDL) and angiotensin II (AngII) in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMC). The polymorphism c.1-25C>G creates a new GC-box in the LRP1 promoter recognized by Sp1/Sp3 transcription factors. The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the impact of c.1-25C>G polymorphism on LRP1 transcriptional activity and expression, and 2) to examine the response of c.1-25C>G LRP1 promoter to LDL and AngII. EMSA and Luciferase assays in HeLa cells showed that -25G promoter has enhanced basal transcriptional activity and specific Sp1/Sp3 binding. hVSMC with GG genotype (GG-hVSMC) had higher LRP1 mRNA and protein levels, respectively than CC genotype (CC-hVSMC). EMSA assays showed that the polymorphism determines scarce amount of SRE-B/SREBP-2 complex formation and the failure of agLDL to further reduce these SRE-B/SREBP-2 complexes. Taken together, these results suggest that c.1-25C>G, by difficulting SREBP-2 binding, prevents SREBP-2 displacement required for LRP1 promoter response to LDL. In contrast, c.1-25C>G strongly favours Sp1/Sp3 binding and AngII-induced activity in Sp1/Sp3 dependent manner in GG-hVSMC. This increase is functionally translated into a higher capacity of GG-hVSMC to become foam cells from agLDL in presence of AngII. These results suggest that c.1-25C>G determines a lack of response to agLDL and an exacerbated response to AngII. It is thus conceivable that the presence of the polymorphism would be easily translated to vascular alterations in the presence of the pro-hypertensive autacoid, AngII.
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Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy shows increased distribution of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 into membrane lipid rafts. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Effect of different degrees of impaired glucose metabolism on the expression of inflammatory markers in monocytes of patients with atherosclerosis. Acta Diabetol 2013; 50:553-62. [PMID: 21997325 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-011-0337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory markers are elevated in type 2 diabetic patients (DP) and may predict the development of type 2 diabetes. Our aims were to analyze differences in the expression of inflammatory and immunological molecules between DP and healthy subjects and to investigate whether glycemic control might prevent the overexpression of inflammatory markers in DP. Twenty-two DP with advanced atherosclerosis and eight healthy blood donors were included. DP were classified as well (HbA1c ≤ 6.5) or poorly controlled (HbA1c > 6.5). In "in vitro" studies, monocytes were exposed to low (5.5 mM) or high glucose (26 mM) concentrations in the absence or presence of insulin. Expression profiling of 14 inflammatory genes was analyzed using TLDA analysis. "In vivo" results show that monocytes from DP had increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and interleukin 6 (IL6) and lower levels of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mRNA than healthy subjects. Well-controlled DP had lower levels of IL-6 than poorly controlled DP, suggesting that glycemic control may prevent IL6 mRNA alterations associated with diabetes. "In vitro" results demonstrate that glucose directly and significantly induced MCP-1 and IL6 and reduced TLR2 mRNA expression. Insulin at high dose (100 IU/ml) dramatically enhanced the upregulatory effects of glucose on MCP-1 and IL-6 and reduced per se TLR2 mRNA expression. MCP-1, IL-6 and TLR2 are key inflammatory players altered in monocytes from type 2 DP. Both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia contribute to alter the expression of these genes. The glycemic control only significantly prevented IL6 overexpression in this group of patients.
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Antioxidized LDL antibodies are associated with different metabolic pathways in patients with atherosclerotic plaque and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2013; 36. [PMID: 23193212 PMCID: PMC3609493 DOI: 10.2337/dc12-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidized lipoproteins and antioxidized LDL antibodies (antioxLDL abs) have been detected in human plasma and atherosclerotic lesions. The principle aim of this study was to analyze the possible relationship between IgG and IgM antioxLDL abs and factors involved in different metabolic pathways (inflammation, lipid metabolism, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest profile) in the occluded popliteal artery (OPA) compared with the femoral vein (FV). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fifteen patients with advanced atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes undergoing lower limb amputation participated in this study. Each patient had OPA and FV biopsy specimens and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. By real-time PCR, gene expression was analyzed from the OPA and FV specimens, and antioxLDL ab levels were measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The OPA and FV showed a positive correlation between only IgM antioxLDL ab levels and the expression of genes involved in different metabolic pathways, including inflammation (TFPI), apoptosis (BAX, caspase 3, AKT1), plaque disruption (MMP2 and MMP10), lipid metabolism (SCARB1, PPARg), and cell turnover (CDKN1A), and genes for transcription and growth factors (NFkB and VEGFA, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The results show that gene expression in the metabolic pathways (apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and inflammation) in the OPA and FV are directly related to the levels of IgM antioxLDL abs.
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Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 modulates the proliferation and migration of human hepatic stellate cells. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3528-33. [PMID: 22392894 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human hepatic stellate cells (HHSCs) proliferation and migration play a key role in the pathogenesis of liver inflammation and fibrogenesis. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) is an endocytic receptor involved in intracellular signal transduction. The aim of this work was to analyse the role of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) in HHSCs proliferation and migration and the mechanisms involved. Human LRP1 deficient-HHSCs were generated by nucleofecting the line HHSCs with siRNA anti-LRP1. HHSCs DNA synthesis was measured by [(3) H]-thymidine incorporation and cell cycle progression by flow cytometry after annexin V and iodure propidium staining. Cell migration was assessed using a wound repair model system. LRP1 expression and extracellular matrix-regulated kinase (ERK1,2) phosphorylation were analysed by Western blot analysis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) extracellular levels were analysed by ELISA. siRNA-antiLRP1 treatment almost completely inhibited LRP1 mRNA and protein expression. LRP1 deficient HHSCs showed higher proliferative response (172 ± 19 vs. 93 ± 8 [(3) H]-thymidine incorporation; 78.68% vs. 82.69% in G0/G1, 21.32% vs. 17.30% in G2/S) and higher migration rates than control HHSCs. LRP1 deficient cells showed higher levels of phosphorylated ERK1,2. TGF-β extracellular levels were threefold higher in LRP1-deficient than in control HHSCs cells. These results demonstrate that LRP1 regulates HHSCs proliferation and migration through modulation of ERK1,2 phosphorylation and TGF-β extracellular levels. These results suggest that HHSCs-LRP1 may play a key role in the modulation of factors determining hepatic fibrosis.
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Corrigendum to: Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 mediates hypoxia-induced very low density lipoprotein-cholesteryl ester uptake and accumulation in cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 1 is associated with proliferation and invasiveness in Her-2/neu and triple-negative breast carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2011; 42:1581-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1) plays a key role on vascular functionality and is upregulated by hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. To investigate the effect of cholesterol-lowering interventions on vascular LRP1 over expression and whether simvastatin influences LRP1 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male New Zealand rabbits were recruited into various groups, one group was fed a normal chow diet for 28 days (control group, n = 6), other group (n = 24) was fed a hypercholesterolemic diet (HC), six rabbits were euthanized at day 28 to test the capacity of HC diet to induce early atherosclerosis and the rest at day 60 (n = 18) after receiving either HC diet (HC group, n = 6), HC diet with simvastatin (2·5 mg/kg.day) (HC+simv group, n = 6), or a normal chow diet (NC group, n = 6) for the last 32 days. RESULTS High-cholesterol diet raised vascular LRP1 concomitantly with increased lipid, VSMC and macrophage content in the arterial intima. Simvastatin and return to normocholesterolemic diet significantly reduced systemic cholesterol levels and vascular lipid content. Interestingly, these interventions also downregulate LRP1 overexpression in the vascular wall although to a different extent (HC+simv: 75 ± 3·6%vs NC: 50 ± 3·5% versus, P = 0·002). Immunohistochemistry studies showed that LRP1 diminushion was associated to a reduction in the number of intimal VSMC in HC+simv.group. Simvastatin per se did not exert any significant effect on LRP1 expression in rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells (rSMC). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that cholesterol-lowering interventions exerted down regulatory effects on vascular LRP1 over expression induced by hypercholesterolemia and that simvastatin did not influence LRP1 expression beyond its cholesterol-lowering effects.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological role of CD36 in atherosclerosis seems to be largely dependent on its pro-inflammatory function and ability to take up oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Controversy exists concerning the potential beneficial/harmful effects of vascular CD36 inhibition in atherosclerosis. However, as atherosclerosis in murine models does not result in clinical end points such as plaque rupture and thrombotic ischaemia, typical of human disease, clinical studies are required to understand the functional role of CD36 in human atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our aim was to investigate whether CD36 expression in monocytes is modulated by the presence of an increasing number of atherosclerotic risk factors, and specifically by hyperglycaemia because of diabetes mellitus. The study included 33 patients with advanced atherosclerosis and eight healthy blood donors, as controls. The patients were classified according to the presence of atherosclerotic risk factors. Diabetes mellitus was classified as either well-controlled or poorly controlled. Monocytes were exposed in vitro to low (5·5mM) or high glucose (26mM) concentrations for increasing times. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that protein levels of glycated CD36 were significantly higher in patients with 3-4 atherosclerotic risk factors than in those with 0-2 atherosclerotic risk factors or in subjects with no atherosclerotic symptoms (P=0·04, in both cases). However, when we analysed just the poorly controlled diabetic patients, their glycated CD36 levels were lower. These data were corroborated by in vitro studies demonstrating that increasing glucose concentrations reduced glycated protein levels (P<0·05). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that CD36 expression is altered by hyperglycaemia in atherosclerotic patients.
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Saturday, 17 July 2010. Cardiovasc Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Low-Density Lipoproteins Induce Heat Shock Protein 27 Dephosphorylation, Oligomerization, and Subcellular Relocalization in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:1212-9. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.198440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Low-density lipoproteins impair migration of human coronary vascular smooth muscle cells and induce changes in the proteomic profile of myosin light chain. Cardiovasc Res 2007; 77:211-20. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvm045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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