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Prognostic value of the baseline magnetic resonance score in patients with acute posterior circulation ischaemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e112-e118. [PMID: 37872027 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prognostic value of the composite posterior circulation Acute Stroke Prognosis Early Computed tomography (CT) Score (ASPECTS)-Collaterals (pcASCO) score, which combines diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) posterior circulation ASPECTS (pcASPECTS) and the magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)-collateral circulation score at baseline among patients with acute posterior circulation ischaemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with acute posterior circulation ischaemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy were analysed retrospectively. The DWI-pcASPECTS and MRA-collateral circulation score before treatment and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days after treatment were used as the endpoints. An mRS ≤2 was defined as a good prognosis, and an mRS ≥3 was defined as a poor prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse independent predictors of functional outcome 90 days after mechanical thrombectomy. RESULTS Mechanical thrombectomy was performed in 57 patients; 38 patients had a good prognosis, 19 patients had a poor prognosis, and 33 patients were successfully recanalised. Univariate logistic regression found that National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR: 1.18, p<0.001), pcASPECTS (OR: 1.91, p=0.028) and pcASCO score (OR: 0.51, p=0.001) were factors of good functional outcome. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) analysis showed that the diagnostic efficiency of the NIHSS and pcASCO was better (AUC = 0.88, 0.83, p<0.05) than that of the pcASPECTS (AUC = 0.65). The prediction model was established by age, NIHSS, and pcASCO, and the diagnostic efficiency of the prediction model was better (AUC = 0.94). CONCLUSIONS The composite MR-pcASCO score can be used as an important predictor of the prognosis of patients with acute posterior circulation ischaemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy.
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[Colorectal cancer cells induce the formation of cancer-associated fibroblasts by activating the ERK signaling pathway in fibroblasts]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:943-951. [PMID: 37439166 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.06.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which conditioned medium of colorectal cancer cells promotes the formation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). METHODS Normal human colorectal fibroblasts (CCD-18Co cells) in logarithmic growth phase were treated with the conditioned media of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells (HCT116-CM) or Caco-2 cells (Caco-2-CM) alone or in combination with 300 nmol/L ERK inhibitor SCH772984. The expression levels of CAFs-related molecular markers were detected in the treated cells with real-time quantitative PCR (RT- qPCR) and immunofluorescence assay, and the changes in cell proliferation, colony formation and migration were assessed with RTCA, colony formation and wound healing assays; Western blotting was performed to detect the activated signaling pathways in the fibroblasts and the changes in CAFs formation after blocking of the signaling pathway. RESULTS HCT116-CM and Caco-2-CM significantly upregulated mRNA expression levels of CAFs markers (including α-SMA, FAP, FN and TGF-β) in CCD-18Co cells, and strongly promoted fibroblast transformation into CAFs (P < 0.05). The two conditioned media also promoted the proliferation, colony formation and migration of CCD-18Co cells (P < 0.05) and significantly increased the levels of α-SMA protein and ERK phosphorylation in the cells (P < 0.05). The ERK inhibitor SCH772984 obviously inhibited the expression of α-SMA and the transformation of CCD-18Co cells into CAFs induced by the conditioned medium of colorectal cancer cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Colorectal cancer cells may induce the formation of colorectal CAFs by activating the ERK pathway in the fibroblasts.
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[Changes in hearing loss grading: viewpoints from otologic-audiologic interventions, public health, and gradation of disability]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 58:612-620. [PMID: 37339904 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230215-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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Clinical evidence of positive correlation between intrauterine adhesions and chronic endometritis: a retrospective study. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:4601-4607. [PMID: 37259742 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202305_32467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the potential correlation between chronic endometritis (CE) and intrauterine adhesions (IUA) with its associated risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 131 patients who underwent hysteroscopic transcervical resection of adhesions (TCRA) for intrauterine adhesions at our hospital between February 2020 and February 2021. General clinical data were collected and analyzed using univariate, multifactorial, and logistic regression analyses. Patients with mild, moderate, and severe IUA were divided into two groups based on whether they coincided with CE (CE group) or not (NCE group). Logistic regression analysis of the factors associated with IUA was performed, and the recurrence rates of IUA after TCRA in the CE and NCE groups were registered. RESULTS The risk of severe IUA was higher in patients with a higher number of abortions, higher number of indolent abortions, and CD138 positivity. In addition, the incidence of IUA combined with chronic CE varied when comparing the different IUA stages: 10.70% (3/28) for patients with mild IUA, 25.00% (7/28) for patients with moderate IUA, and 64.30% (18/28) for patients with severe IUA. The recurrence rates of IUA after TCRA in the CE and NCE groups were 69.20% (9/26) and 30.08% (4/67), respectively, in patients with moderate to severe IUA, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=12.782, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS A correlation was observed between CE and IUA. Patients presenting both conditions had more severe IUA stage and higher recurrence rates after TCRA.
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[Fuyu Decoction improves ventricular remodeling in rats with heart failure by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:466-473. [PMID: 37087593 PMCID: PMC10122732 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.03.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Fuyu Decoction on ventricular remodeling and its association with AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy in rats with heart failure. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rat models of heart failure induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery were divided into model group, Fuyu Decoction treatment group, Fuyu Decoction treatment +AMPK agonist group (n=10), with another 10 rats receiving sham operation as the Sham group. After 8 weeks of drug intervention, the changes of ventricular function and ventricular remodeling indexs of the rats were assessed. TTC staining was used to detect the myocardial infarction area, and HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in the myocardial tissue. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expressions of p-AMPK, p-mTOR, LC3-II, Beclin1 and p62 in the myocardial tissue. RESULTS Compared with the sham-operated rats, the rat models of heart failure showed significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular endsystolic volume (LVESV), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (P < 0.01), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), and decreased spherical index (SI) were (P < 0.01). The rat models also showed increased myocardial infarction area, obvious myocardial pathologies and fibrosis, increased apoptosis rate of the cardiomyocytes, enhanced myocardial expressions of p-AMPK, LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin1 (P < 0.01), and reduced expressions of p-mTOR and p62 (P < 0.01). Fuyu Decoction treatment significantly ameliorated these changes in the rat models (all P < 0.01), but its effects were obviously blocked by treatment with EX229. CONCLUSION Fuyu Decoction can improve ventricular remodeling in rats with heart failure by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR signaling-mediated autophagy in the cardiomyocytes.
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Visualization of Chiral Electronic Structure and Anomalous Optical Response in a Material with Chiral Charge Density Waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:156401. [PMID: 36269973 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.156401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Chiral materials have attracted significant research interests as they exhibit intriguing physical properties, such as chiral optical response, spin-momentum locking, and chiral induced spin selectivity. Recently, layered transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS_{2} has been found to host a chiral charge density wave (CDW) order. Nevertheless, the physical consequences of the chiral order, for example, in electronic structures and the optical properties, are yet to be explored. Here, we report the spectroscopic visualization of an emergent chiral electronic band structure in the CDW phase, characterized by windmill-shaped Fermi surfaces. We uncover a remarkable chirality-dependent circularly polarized Raman response due to the salient in-plane chiral symmetry of CDW, although the ordinary circular dichroism vanishes. Chiral Fermi surfaces and anomalous Raman responses coincide with the CDW transition, proving their lattice origin. Our Letter paves a path to manipulate the chiral electronic and optical properties in two-dimensional materials and explore applications in polarization optics and spintronics.
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[The evolution of the pure-tone audiometric technique:from classical psychophysics to mobile automated audiometry]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2021; 56:1344-1349. [PMID: 34963226 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210918-00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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[Preliminary audiological evaluation of the SoundBite bone conduction devices in adults with single-sided deafness]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2021; 56:478-486. [PMID: 34011002 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200602-00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The auditory deficits of single-sided deafness (SSD) can be treated with a novel intra-oral device, SoundBite, which delivers sound by applying vibratory signal to the teeth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and benefit of the bone conduction device for Chinese adults with SSD. Methods: Eighteen patients aged 19-66 yrs with acquired, permanent sensorineural SSD and no current treatment by any other devices for SSD, were recruited in a prospective controlled, nonrandomized, unblinded study. They were requested the continually daily wear of the new device over a 30-day free trial period. The intra-oral hearing device was placed around two maxillary teeth and was similar to a small partial denture or retainer. The audiological tests included pure tone air conduction thresholds, monosyllable word recognition score (WRS) in quiet and sentence reception thresholds in noise (via CMNmatrix test). The benefit was determined with the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) questionnaire. Results: The monosyllable WRS and the 50% threshold of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR50) were significantly better in all aided conditions. The head shadow effect, assessed by the SNR50 via CMNmatrix test improved an average of 2.6 dB after 30 days' wearing compared with unaided condition (P<0.001). The APHAB scores improved (P<0.05) for all subjects for the Global and Ease of Communication, Reverberation, Background Noise subscales. The SSQ scores improved (P<0.05) for all subjects for Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing subscales. Conclusion: The SoundBite is a good alternative to the well-established implantable bone conduction devices in patients with SSD. An improvement in listening ability in noise and quiet as well as a decrease of the head shadow effect is validated as the expected.
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Spectroscopic Evidence of a Dimensionality-Induced Metal-to-Insulator Transition in the Ruddlesden-Popper La n+1Ni nO 3n+1 Series. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6813-6819. [PMID: 33497183 PMCID: PMC7883343 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-based heterostructures have recently gained remarkable interest, thanks to atomic-scale precision engineering. These systems are very susceptible to small variations of control parameters, such as two-dimensionality, strain, lattice polarizability, and doping. Focusing on the rare-earth nickelate diagram, LaNiO3 (LNO) catches the eye, being the only nickelate that does not undergo a metal-to-insulator transition (MIT). Therefore, the ground state of LNO has been studied in several theoretical and experimental papers. Here, we show by means of infrared spectroscopy that an MIT can be driven by dimensionality control in ultrathin LNO films when the number of unit cells drops to 2. Such a dimensionality tuning can eventually be tailored when a physically implemented monolayer in the ultrathin films is replaced by a digital single layer embedded in the Ruddlesden-Popper Lan+1NinO3n+1 series. We provide spectroscopic evidence that the dimensionality-induced MIT in Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates strongly resembles that of ultrathin LNO films. Our results can pave the way to the employment of Ruddlesden-Popper Lan+1NinO3n+1 to tune the electronic properties of LNO through dimensional transition without the need of physically changing the number of unit cells in thin films.
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Abstract
Proximity effects in superconducting normal (SN) material heterostructures with metals and semiconductors have long been observed and theoretically described in terms of Cooper pair wave functions and Andreev reflections. Whereas the semiconducting N-layer materials in the proximity experiments to date have been doped and tens of nanometers thick, we present here a proximity tunneling study involving a pristine single-layer transition-metal dichalcogenide film of MoS2 placed on top of a Pb thin film. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy experiments together with parallel theoretical analysis based on electronic structure calculations and Green's function modeling allow us to unveil a two-step process in which MoS2 first becomes metallic and then is induced into becoming a conventional s-wave Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer-type superconductor. The lattice mismatch between the MoS2 overlayer and the Pb substrate is found to give rise to a topographic moiré pattern. Even though the induced gap appears uniform in location, the coherence peak height of the tunneling spectra is modulated spatially into a moiré pattern that is similar to but shifted with respect to the moiré pattern observed in topography. The aforementioned modulation is shown to originate from the atomic-scale structure of the SN interface and the nature of local atomic orbitals that are involved in generating the local pairing potential. Our study indicates that the local modulation of induced superconductivity in MoS2 could be controlled via geometrical tuning, and it thus shows promise toward the integration of monolayer superconductors into next-generation functional electronic devices by exploiting proximity-effect control of quantum phases.
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The Effects of Atomic-Scale Strain Relaxation on the Electronic Properties of Monolayer MoS 2. ACS NANO 2019; 13:8284-8291. [PMID: 31268680 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control nanoscale electronic properties by introducing macroscopic strain is of critical importance for the implementation of two-dimensional (2D) materials into flexible electronics and next-generation strain engineering devices. In this work, we correlate the atomic-scale lattice deformation with a systematic macroscopic bending of monolayer molybdenum disulfide films by using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy implemented with a custom-built sample holder to control the strain. Using this technique, we are able to induce strains of up to 3% before slipping effects take place and relaxation mechanisms prevail. We find a reduction of the quasiparticle bandgap of about 400 meV per percent local strain measured with a minimum gap of 1.2 eV. Furthermore, unintentional nanoscale strain relaxation of van der Waals monolayer sheets can negatively impact strain engineered device performance. Here we investigate such strain relaxation mechanisms that include one-dimensional ripples and 2D wrinkles which alter the spatial electronic density of states and strain distribution on the atomic scale.
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Quantifying Wavelength-Dependent Plasmonic Hot Carrier Energy Distributions at Metal/Semiconductor Interfaces. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3629-3637. [PMID: 30807695 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hot carriers generated from the nonradiative decay of localized surface plasmons are capable of driving charge-transfer reactions at the surfaces of metal nanostructures. Photocatalytic devices utilizing plasmonic hot carriers are often based on metal nanoparticle/semiconductor heterostructures owing to their efficient electron-hole separation ability. The rapid thermalization of hot carriers generated at the metal nanoparticles yields a distribution of carrier energies that determines the capability of the photocatalytic device to drive redox reactions. Here, we quantify the thermalized hot carrier energy distribution generated at Au/TiO2 nanostructures using wavelength-dependent scanning electrochemical microscopy and a series of molecular probes with different redox potentials. We determine the quantum efficiencies and oxidizing power of the hot carriers from wavelength-dependent reaction rates and photocurrent across the metal/semiconductor interface. The wavelength-dependent reaction efficiency tracks the surface plasmon resonance spectrum of the Au nanoparticles, showing that the reaction is facilitated by plasmon excitation, while the responses from molecules with different redox potentials shed light on the energy distribution of the hot holes generated at metal nanoparticle/semiconductor heterostructures. The results provide important insight into the energies of the plasmon-generated hot carriers and quantum efficiencies of plasmonic photocatalytic devices.
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[Obstructive sleep apnea and aortic dissection]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2018; 41:638-643. [PMID: 30138975 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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[The current status and applications of implantable bone-conduction devices]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2018; 53:537-543. [PMID: 30032500 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Implantable bone-conduction devices are characterized by the fact that the vibration is transmitted through bone conduction. The technology and surgical techniques in the application of implantable bone-conduction devices have developed considerably in recent years, experiencing a transformation from percutaneous to transcutaneous implantation. This article reviewed current developments in the types, surgical indications, and complications, as well as compared between the various bone-conduction devices to provid references for clinical application.
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Correlation of quantitative parameters of magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging with vascular endothelial growth factor, microvessel density and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Evaluation on radiosensitivity study. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 43:425-433. [PMID: 28892580 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlation of parameters of magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (MR-PWI) with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and microvessel density (MVD) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) so as to explore the value of predicting radiosensitivity. DESIGN A prospective study. SETTING Department of Head-and-neck radiotherapy in Hunan Cancer Hospital. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-four patients of NPC were included between December 2013 and December 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The expression of VEGF, MVD and HIF-1α was studied by immunohistochemistry, and magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (MR-PWI) was performed before and after undergoing radiotherapy (20 Gy dose). Parameters of MR-PWI, volume of primary tumour and rate of tumour remission were measured and calculated. Patients with primary local tumour were then divided into completely response group (CR group) and partially response group (non-CR group) according to tumour regression condition. Relevant parameters were analysed by Spearman, and diagnostic efficiency of radiosensitivity was analysed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). RESULTS The expression of VEGF was positively correlated with MVD (r = .322,P < .05), but the expression of HIF-1α was no significant correlations with VEGF and MVD. The expression VEGF was in positive correlation with fractional plasma volume (fpv) (r = .339, P = .05) before radiotherapy. There was a significant difference in the quantitative parameters of MR-PWI between CR group and non-CR group during the course of radiotherapy and at the end of radiotherapy treatment. The change of blood reflux constant (Δkep20) and extravascular extracellular space volume fraction (ΔVe20) before and after treatment was positively correlated with primary local tumour remission condition after 3 month treatment; Δkep and ΔVe were negatively correlated with primary local tumour remission condition after 3 months. Tumour regression rate was only positively correlated with Ve and the average volume of primary tumour after 2 week treatment (V1). ROC curve showed that R20 ≥ 65.69%, and was considered as a threshold to predict primary local tumour remission, with a sensitivity of 0.84 and specificity of 0.69, and area under the curve was 0.819 (P = .000). CONCLUSIONS The parameters of MR-PWI with the expression of VEGF, HIF-1α and MVD could be guidance for predicting radiosensitivity in NPC.
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Erratum: Inter-Layer Coupling Induced Valence Band Edge Shift in Mono- to Few-Layer MoS 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42619. [PMID: 28290442 PMCID: PMC5349580 DOI: 10.1038/srep42619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Abstract
We demonstrate a novel pathway to control and stabilize oxygen vacancies in complex transition-metal oxide thin films. Using atomic layer-by-layer pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from two separate targets, we synthesize high-quality single-crystalline CaMnO3 films with systematically varying oxygen vacancy defect formation energies as controlled by coherent tensile strain. The systematic increase of the oxygen vacancy content in CaMnO3 as a function of applied in-plane strain is observed and confirmed experimentally using high-resolution soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in conjunction with bulk-sensitive hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES). The relevant defect states in the densities of states are identified and the vacancy content in the films quantified using the combination of first-principles theory and core-hole multiplet calculations with holistic fitting. Our findings open up a promising avenue for designing and controlling new ionically active properties and functionalities of complex transition-metal oxides via strain-induced oxygen-vacancy formation and ordering.
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Recombinant fusion ESAT6-CFP10 immunogen as a skin test reagent for tuberculosis diagnosis: an open-label, randomized, two-centre phase 2a clinical trial. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:889.e9-889.e16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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[Correlation between red cell distribution width and the severity and prognosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2016; 39:459-63. [PMID: 27289576 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between circulating red cell distribution width (RDW) and the severity and prognosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). METHODS A total of 66 consecutive patients with very likely CTEPH diagnosed by echocardiography and/or right heart catheterization were enrolled from August, 2007 to July, 2014. The patients included 31 females and 35 males with a mean age of (58±13) years. Based on the cut-off value of RDW=14%, the patients were divided into 2 groups as RDW>14% group(n=21) and RDW≤14% group(n=45). The baseline profile was recorded and compared between the 2 groups and the follow-up outcomes were analyzed by ROC curves and Logistic regression survival analysis. RESULTS The median of follow-up time was 2 years, including 21 dead and 45 survived patients. The RDW level was positively related to creatinine(r=0.258, P=0.037), BNP(r=0.263, P=0.033) and uric acid(r=0.359, P<0.010). ROC analysis showed that RDW, BNP, and uric acid were the effective predictors for all-cause mortality in CTEPH patients(P<0.001, P=0.038, respectively), the area under the curve being 0.734, 0.806, and 0.659 respectively. Based on the cut-off value of 14%, the sensitivity and specificity for RDW prediction for CTEPH mortality was 60% and 80% respectively. The RDW≤14% group had better prognosis than the RDW>14% group (P<0.001). Moreover, the levels of BNP and uric acid were higher in the RDW>14% group than those in the RDW≤14% group(U=-3.558, P<0.05). Multi-Logistic regression analysis showed that RDW>14% was an independent risk factor for predicting death in CTEPH patients. CONCLUSIONS RDW level was inversely related to the clinical condition and prognosis of CTEPH. Higher RDW, as an independent risk factor for adverse events, was correlated with severity and worse prognosis of the disease.
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Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an economical important microbial disease in dairy industry. Some recent human clinical trials have shown that oral probiotics supplementation could effectively control clinical mastitis, suggesting that the mechanism of mastitis protection might be achieved via the host gut microbiota. We aimed to test our hypothesis that bovine mastitis was related to changes in both the mammary and gut microbial profiles. By quantitative PCR, the milk and faecal microbial profiles of cows with low (<3×105 cells/ml) and high (>1×106 cells/ml) somatic cell count (SCC) were compared. Firstly, we observed drastic differences in both the milk and faecal microbial compositions at genus and Lactobacillus-species levels between the two groups. Secondly, the pattern of faecal microbial community changes of mastitis cows was similar to that of the milk, characterised by a general increase in the mastitis pathogens (Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus) and deprivation of Lactobacillus and its members (L. salivarius, L. sakei, L. ruminis, L. delbrueckii, L. buchneri, and L. acidophilus). Thirdly, only the faecal lactobacilli, but not bifidobacteria correlated with the milk microbial communities and SCC. Our data together hint to a close association between bovine mastitis, the host gut and milk microbiota.
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Gankyrin facilitates follicle-stimulating hormone-driven ovarian cancer cell proliferation through the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/cyclin D1 pathway. Oncogene 2015; 35:2506-17. [PMID: 26364616 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gankyrin is a regulatory subunit of the 26kD proteasome complex. As a novel oncoprotein, gankyrin is expressed aberrantly in cancers from several different sites and has been shown to contribute to oncogenesis in endometrial and cervical carcinomas. Neither gankyrin's contribution to the development of epithelial ovarian cancer nor its interaction with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-driven proliferation in ovarian cancer has been studied. Here we have found that gankyrin is overexpressed in ovarian cancers compared with benign ovarian cystadenomas and that gankyrin regulates FSH upregulation of cyclin D1. Importantly, gankyrin regulates PI3K/AKT signaling by downregulating PTEN. Prolonged AKT activation by FSH stimulation of the FSH receptor (FSHR) promotes gankyrin expression, which, in turn, enhances AKT activation by inhibiting PTEN. Overexpression of gankyrin decreases hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein levels, but has little effect on HIF-1α mRNA levels, which could be attributed to gankyrin mediating HIF-1α protein stability via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Reduction in HIF-1α protein stability led to attenuation of the binding with cyclin D1 promoter, resulted in abolishment of the negative regulation of cyclin D1 by HIF-1α, which promotes proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Our results document that gankyrin regulates HIF-1α protein stability and cyclin D1 expression, ultimately mediating FSH-driven ovarian cancer cell proliferation.
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A point mutation of zebrafish c-cbl gene in the ring finger domain produces a phenotype mimicking human myeloproliferative disease. Leukemia 2015; 29:2355-65. [PMID: 26104663 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Controlled self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are critical for vertebrate development and survival. These processes are tightly regulated by the transcription factors, signaling molecules and epigenetic factors. Impaired regulations of their function could result in hematological malignancies. Using a large-scale zebrafish N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis screening, we identified a line named LDD731, which presented significantly increased HSPCs in hematopoietic organs. Further analysis revealed that the cells of erythroid/myeloid lineages in definitive hematopoiesis were increased while the primitive hematopoiesis was not affected. The homozygous mutation was lethal with a median survival time around 14-15 days post fertilization. The causal mutation was located by positional cloning in the c-cbl gene, the human ortholog of which, c-CBL, is found frequently mutated in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) or acute leukemia. Sequence analysis showed the mutation in LDD731 caused a histidine-to-tyrosine substitution of the amino acid codon 382 within the RING finger domain of c-Cbl. Moreover, the myeloproliferative phenotype in zebrafish seemed dependent on the Flt3 (fms-like tyrosine kinase 3) signaling, consistent with that observed in both mice and humans. Our study may shed new light on the pathogenesis of MPN and provide a useful in vivo vertebrate model of this syndrome for screening drugs.
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Abstract
Haemophilia A (HA) and haemophilia B (HB) are the most common X-linked inherited bleeding disorders. It is important to detect the carrier women in families with HA/HB and subsequent antenatal diagnosis of confirmed carriers. This study consists of 102 HA families which include 68 mothers for prenatal diagnosis and 107 female relatives for carrier diagnosis, and 29 HB families which include 16 mothers and 31 female relatives respectively. The rapid fluorescent PCR with two groups of different combined polymorphism markers was applied for linkage analysis in HA and HB families respectively. The Amelogenin gene was added to help the detection of gender diagnosis. Gene sequencing was also used to detect the mutations directly. There were 37 causative F8C mutations (23 novel) and 24 causative F9C mutations (eight novel) found in this cohort of patients. Few of the women could not be diagnosed due to homologous recombination and/or inability to locate the mutation. Complicated cases have been found in some families. With regard to carrier and prenatal diagnosis, it was considered that genetic diagnosis by linkage analysis and direct sequencing was successful. Some special families might require combination of the linkage analysis and gene sequence for a successful diagnosis. New intragenic SNP and STR sites special to Chinese population need to be discovered.
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Quantification of internal electric fields and local polarization in ferroelectric superlattices. ACS NANO 2011; 5:640-646. [PMID: 21162539 DOI: 10.1021/nn102884s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxide heterostructure superlattices constitute a new family of materials with tunable ferroelectric properties. While theoretical models predict the presence of nanosized ferroelectric domains in these films, they had not been observed as the magnitude of the response functions challenges the limits of experimental detection. Here, a new protocol in a precise variant of piezoforce microscopy is used to image domains in BaTiO(3)/SrTiO(3) superlattices. Comparison of experimentally determined polarization to predictions of phase-field calculations is in quantitative agreement. Additionally, a combination of theory and experiment is used to determine the magnitude of internal electric field within the thin film, in a procedure that can be generalized to all ferroelectric films.
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Torsion of the testicle in a patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2010; 30:639-40. [PMID: 20701524 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2010.489975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Acute myocardial infarction in a Chinese patient with haemophilia A and risk factors for coronary artery disease: a case report with autopsy. Haemophilia 2010; 16:691-3. [PMID: 20236355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Using a minigene approach to characterize a novel splice site mutation in human F7 gene causing inherited factor VII deficiency in a Chinese pedigree. Haemophilia 2009; 15:1262-6. [PMID: 19601987 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2009.02064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Factor VII deficiency which transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder is a rare haemorrhagic condition. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular genetic defect and determine its functional consequences in a Chinese pedigree with FVII deficiency. The proband was diagnosed as inherited coagulation FVII deficiency by reduced plasma levels of FVII activity (4.4%) and antigen (38.5%). All nine exons and their flanking sequence of F7 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the proband and the PCR products were directly sequenced. The compound heterozygous mutations of F7 (NM_000131.3) c.572-1G>A and F7 (NM_000131.3) c.1165T>G; p.Cys389Gly were identified in the proband's F7 gene. To investigate the splicing patterns associated with F7 c.572-1G>A, ectopic transcripts in leucocytes of the proband were analyzed. F7 minigenes, spanning from intron 4 to intron 7 and carrying either an A or a G at position -1 of intron 5, were constructed and transiently transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells, followed by RT-PCR analysis. The aberrant transcripts from the F7 c.572-1G>A mutant allele were not detected by ectopic transcription study. Sequencing of the RT-PCR products from the mutant transfectant demonstrated the production of an erroneously spliced mRNA with exon 6 skipping, whereas a normal splicing occurred in the wide type transfectant. The aberrant mRNA produced from the F7 c.572-1G>A mutant allele is responsible for the factor VII deficiency in this pedigree.
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Fully band-resolved scattering rate in MgB2 revealed by the nonlinear hall effect and magnetoresistance measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:067001. [PMID: 18764492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.067001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the normal state temperature dependence of the Hall effect and magnetoresistance in epitaxial MgB2 thin films with variable disorders characterized by the residual resistance ratio RRR ranging from 4.0 to 33.3. A strong nonlinearity of the Hall effect and magnetoresistance have been found in clean samples, and they decrease gradually with the increase of disorders or temperature. By fitting the data to the theoretical model based on the Boltzmann equation and ab initio calculations for a four-band system, for the first time, we derived the scattering rates of these four bands at different temperatures and magnitude of disorders. Our method provides a unique way to derive these important parameters in multiband systems.
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Supporting anthropological research with efficient rotation invariant shape similarity measurement. J R Soc Interface 2007; 4:207-22. [PMID: 17251155 PMCID: PMC2359837 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2006.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The matching of two-dimensional shapes is an important problem with many applications in anthropology. Examples of objects that anthropologists are interested in classifying, clustering and indexing based on shape include bone fragments, projectile points (arrowheads/spearpoints), petroglyphs and ceramics. Interest in matching such objects originates from the fundamental question for many biological anthropologists and archaeologists: how can we best quantify differences and similarities? This interest is fuelled in part by a movement that notes: 'an increasing number of archaeologists are showing interest in employing Darwinian evolutionary theory to explain variation in the material record'. Aiding such research efforts with computers requires a shape similarity measure that is invariant to many distortions, including scale, offset, noise, partial occlusion, etc. Most of these distortions are relatively easy to handle, either in the representation of the data or in the similarity measure used. However, rotation invariance seems to be uniquely difficult. Current approaches typically try to achieve rotation invariance in the representation of the data, at the expense of poor discrimination ability, or in the distance measure, at the expense of efficiency. In this work, we show that we can take the slow but accurate approaches and dramatically speed them up. On real world problems, our technique can take current approaches and make them four orders of magnitude faster, without false dismissals. Moreover, our technique can be used with any of the dozens of existing shape representations and with all the most popular distance measures, including Euclidean distance, dynamic time warping and longest common subsequence. We show the applications of our work to several important problems in anthropology, including clustering and indexing of skulls, projectile points and petroglyphs.
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Recombinant adenoviruses expressing TRAIL demonstrate antitumor effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Med Oncol 2006; 23:191-204. [PMID: 16720919 DOI: 10.1385/mo:23:2:191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2005] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 09/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in a variety of malignant cells, but not in normal cells. This preferential toxicity to the abnormal cells renders TRAIL potentially a very powerful therapeutic weapon against cancer. However, a requirement for large quantities of TRAIL to suppress tumor growth in vivo is one of the major factors that has hindered it from being widely applied clinically. To overcome this, we constructed a replication-deficient adenovirus that carries a human full-length TRAIL gene (Ad-TRAIL) and tested its efficacy against a lung cancer model system in comparison to that of the recombinant soluble TRAIL protein. METHODS To investigate the antitumor activity and therapeutic value of the Ad-TRAIL on the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), four NSCLC cell lines, namely, YTMLC, GLC, A549, and H460 cells, were used. TRAIL protein expression was determined by Western blotting and flow cytometry. Cell viability was analyzed by proliferation assay, and DNA ladder and cell-cycle analysis were used to identify apoptosis. To further evaluate the effect of Ad-TRAIL in vivo, YTMLC cells were inoculated to the subcutis of nude mice. The Ad-TRAIL was subsequently administered into the established tumors. Tumor growth and the TRAIL toxicity were evaluated after treatment. RESULTS YTMLC cells infected with Ad-TRAIL showed decreased cell viability and a higher percentage of apoptosis. Similar, Ad-TRAIL treatment also significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS TRAIL gene therapy provides a promising therapy for the treatment of NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/biosynthesis
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/ultrastructure
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/ultrastructure
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/ultrastructure
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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WITHDRAWN: Direct regulation of food intake and hypothalamic gene expression by amino acids. Appetite 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.03.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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A mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathway in the activation of platelet integrin alpha IIbbeta3. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:42226-32. [PMID: 11522789 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106129200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that the platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) is activated by von Willebrand factor (vWF) binding to its platelet receptor, glycoprotein Ib-IX (GPIb-IX), via the protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway. Here we show that GPIb-IX-mediated activation of integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) is inhibited by dominant negative mutants of Raf-1 and MEK1 in a reconstituted integrin activation model in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and that the integrin-dependent platelet aggregation induced by either vWF or low dose thrombin is inhibited by MEK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126. Thus, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is important in GPIb-IX-dependent activation of platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3). Furthermore, vWF binding to GPIb-IX induces phosphorylation of Thr-202/Tyr-204 of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). GPIb-IX-induced ERK2 phosphorylation is inhibited by PKG inhibitors and enhanced by overexpression of recombinant PKG. PKG activators also induce ERK phosphorylation, indicating that activation of MAPK pathway is downstream from PKG. Thus, our data delineate a novel integrin activation pathway in which ligand binding to GPIb-IX activates PKG that stimulates MAPK pathway, leading to integrin activation.
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Stimulation of glucose transport by AMP-activated protein kinase via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:41029-34. [PMID: 11546797 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m102824200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been recently demonstrated to be associated with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR)-stimulated glucose transport mediated by both GLUT1 and GLUT4 transporters. However, signaling events upstream and downstream of AMPK are unknown. Here we report that 1) p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) were activated by AICAR in Clone 9 cells, which express only the GLUT1 transporters, and 2) activation of p38 was required for AICAR-stimulated glucose transport since treatment of the cells with p38 inhibitor SB203580 or overexpression of dominant negative p38 mutant inhibited glucose transport. Moreover, we found that overexpression of the constitutively active form of AMPK mutant also resulted in a significant activation of p38, and inhibition of p38 activity by SB203580 did not affect AICAR-stimulated activation of AMPK. These findings demonstrate that AICAR-stimulated activation of p38 is indeed mediated by AMPK, and the p38 MAPK cascade is downstream of AMPK in the signaling pathway of AICAR-stimulated glucose transport in Clone 9 cells.
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[Estimation of LC50 of chemicals to rainbow trout by fragment constant method]. HUAN JING KE XUE= HUANJING KEXUE 2001; 22:29-32. [PMID: 11569109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
A fragment constant model for prediction of 96 h LC50 of chemicals to rainbow trout was developed based on measured experimental data of 258 chemicals collected from the literature. The accuracy and the robustness of the model were discussed. The coefficient of determination of the model is 0.9495 and the mean residual is 0.42 log-unit. The model is robust for both individual chemical or chemical class.
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Detection of soluble urokinase receptor by immunoradiometric assay and its application in tumor patients. Thromb Res 2001; 102:25-31. [PMID: 11323011 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been found that tumor cells express large amounts of urokinase receptor (uPAR) on their surface and that the blood soluble uPAR (suPAR) level in cancer patients is increased. However, the significance of suPAR in tumor progression is still unclear. To investigate the significance of suPAR in evaluating clinical status of solid tumor patients, an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) based on using two monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) to different epitopes of uPAR was established to determine the serum levels of suPAR in normal individuals and solid tumor patients. The detectable range of this suPAR IRMA was 1.95-500 microg/l. The affinity constant was 4.75x10(9) l/mol. The mean rate of recovery was 101.3%, and the mean coefficients of variation for intra- and interassay were 6.40+/-2.57% (mean+/-S.D., n = 11) and 10.48+/-2.65% (n = 5), respectively. The serum suPAR levels were 2.71+/-1.12 microg/l in 62 normal individuals, 3.71+/-1.69 microg/l in 30 patients with benign tumors, and 5.82+/-2.27 microg/l in 124 patients with malignant tumors. The serum suPAR levels of these two types of tumor patients were increased in comparison with that of normal individuals (P values less than.01 and.001). The extent of their increase in malignant tumors was much greater than in benign tumors (P < .001). The serum suPAR levels of patients with malignant tumors were correlated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and surgical intervention. Our data suggest that IRMA for suPAR could be a sensitive and specific assay and that the serum suPAR level would be a valuable index for evaluating the condition and prognosis of tumor patients in clinic.
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Dynamic photoelastic study of the transient stress field in solids during shock wave lithotripsy. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2001; 109:1226-39. [PMID: 11303936 DOI: 10.1121/1.1349183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Photoelastic and shadowgraph imaging techniques were used to visualize the propagation and evolution of stress waves, and the resultant transient stress fields in solids during shock wave lithotripsy. In parallel, theoretical analysis of the wavefront evolution inside the solids was performed using a ray-tracing method. Excellent agreement between the theoretical prediction and experimental results was observed. Both the sample size and geometry were found to have a significant influence on the wave evolution and associated stress field produced inside the solid. In particular, characteristic patterns of spalling damage (i.e., transverse and longitudinal crack formation) were observed using plaster-of-Paris cylindrical phantoms of rectangular and circular cross sections. It was found that the leading tensile pulse of the reflected longitudinal wave is responsible for the initiation of microcracks in regions inside the phantom where high tensile stresses are produced. In addition, the transmitted shear wave was found to play a critical role in facilitating the extension and propagation of the microcrack.
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Treatment of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc by massotherapy under anesthesia--a report of 64 cases. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2000; 20:277-9. [PMID: 11263282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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[An experiment on disinfection using high power microwave]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2000; 17:231-2. [PMID: 12557787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
This experimental disinfection was intended to examine the effect of high power microwave on bacteria, and the putative nonthermal effect. The bacteria of the experimental groups were irradiated by high power microwave in different intensities and time and were compared with the controls--bacteria heated only. The principles of disinfection by means of high power microwave were studied. The results showed that the temperature did not change after the dry bacteria were irradiated by high power microwave in different intensities and time, but the number of bacteria alive decreased significantly(P < 0.05). The high power microwave's effect of disinfection was greater in the wet bacteria group than in the dry bacteria group and the bacteria heated group. These data indicate that the disinfection effect of high power microwave is higher than that of heating. High power microwave can kill dry bacteria, and it has the nonthermal effect in addition to its thermal effect.
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Lipopolysaccharide effects on neuronal activity in rat basal forebrain and hypothalamus during sleep and waking. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2000; 278:R620-7. [PMID: 10712281 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.3.r620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is associated with alterations in sleep and the electroencephalogram. To evaluate potential neuronal mechanisms for the somnogenic effects of LPS administration, we used unanesthetized rats to survey the firing patterns of neurons in various regions of rat basal forebrain (BF) and hypothalamus during spontaneous sleep and waking and during the epochs of sleep and waking that occurred after the intraperitoneal administration of LPS. In the brain regions studied, LPS administration was associated with altered firing rates in 39% of the neurons examined. A larger proportion of LPS-responsive units showed vigilance-related alterations in firing rates compared with nonresponsive units. Approximately equal proportions of LPS-responsive neurons showed increased and decreased firing rates after LPS administration, with some units in the lateral preoptic area of the hypothalamus showing particularly robust increases. These findings are consistent with other studies showing vigilance-related changes in neuronal activity in various regions of BF and hypothalamus and further demonstrate that peripheral LPS administration alters neuronal firing rates in these structures during both sleep and waking.
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Improvement of stone fragmentation during shock-wave lithotripsy using a combined EH/PEAA shock-wave generator-in vitro experiments. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2000; 26:457-67. [PMID: 10773377 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-5629(99)00124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To control the collapse of cavitation bubbles induced during shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL), a piezoelectric annular array (PEAA) shock-wave generator was fabricated and combined with an experimental electrohydraulic (EH) shock-wave lithotripter with a truncated HM-3 reflector. The PEAA generator consists of eight individual transducers of 200-kHz resonant frequency. At a discharge voltage of 15 kV, the PEAA generator produces a shock wave with a peak positive pressure of 8.2 MPa, a positive half cycle duration of 2.9 micros, and a -6-dB beam width of 5 mm. The trigger of the PEAA generator was controlled via fiberoptic link with reference to the spark discharge of the EH generator. Hence, the PEAA-generated shock wave could be used to interact with cavitation bubbles induced by the EH source at various stages of their oscillation. The duration of bubble oscillation during SWL was monitored by a 2.25-MHz focused hydrophone, and this information was used to control the release timing of the PEAA generator. Stone fragmentation tests in vitro were carried out, and demonstrated that stone comminution could be significantly enhanced when the shock wave-bubble interaction occurred during the collapsing phase of the bubbles. A maximum increment of 60% to 80% in stone fragmentation was achieved when the PEAA-generated shock wave arrives near the collapse of the bubbles. Under these conditions, much intensified collapse of the bubbles near the surface of the stone, with strong secondary shock-wave emission and increased stress concentration at the impact site of the solid boundary, was observed using high-speed shadowgraph and photoelastic imaging.
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[Influence of drug compatibility on extractive retes of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid in simiaoyonglan tang decoction]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1999; 24:694-6, 704. [PMID: 12212093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the influence of drug compatibility on the extractive rates of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid in Simiaoyonglan Tang (SMYAT) decoction. METHOD The contents of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid in SMYAT decoction, Flos Lonicerae and Flos Lonicerae in combination with other single drugs were determined by TLC-UV spectrophotometry respectively. The data from this experiment were treated statistically. RESULTS The contents of chlorogenic acid in other five prescriptions of different compatibilities decreased markedly in comparison with those in Flos Loniceraés decoction (P < 0.01). The content of isochlorogenic acid in SMYAT decoction as a whole was about the same as thar in Flos Loniceraés decoction, but decreased significantly in other prescriptions of different compatibilities (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Drug compatibility is one of the main causes for changes of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid contents in SMYAT decoction.
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Abstract
Two projects in our laboratory highlight some recent developments in shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) physics research. In the first project, we developed a prototype of a piezoelectric annular array (PEAA) shockwave generator that can be retrofitted on a Dornier HM-3 lithotripter for active control of cavitation during SWL. The PEAA generator, operating at 15 kV, produces a peak positive pressure of approximately 8 MPa with a -6-dB beam diameter of 5 mm. The shockwave generated by the PEAA was used to control and force the collapse of cavitation bubbles induced by a laboratory electrohydraulic shockwave lithotripter with a truncated HM-3 reflector. With optimal time delay between the lithotripter pulse and the PEAA-generated shockwave, the collapse of cavitation bubbles near the stone surface could be intensified, and the resultant stone fragmentation in vitro could be significantly improved. In the second project, high-speed shadowgraph imaging was used to visualize the dynamics of lithotripter-induced bubble oscillation in a vascular phantom. Compared with the free bubble oscillation in water, the expansion of cavitation bubble(s) produced in silicone tubes and a 200-microm cellulose hollow fiber by either a Nortech EHL or a Dornier XL-1 lithotripter was found to be significantly constrained. Rupture of the cellulose hollow fiber was observed consistently after about 20 shocks from the XL-1 lithotripter at an output voltage of 20 kV. These results confirm experimentally that SWL-induced cavitation in vivo can be significantly constrained by the surrounding tissue, and large intraluminal bubble expansions could cause rupture of capillaries and small blood vessels.
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[Design of CXLY-II low frequency magnetic fields pulse generator]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 1999; 16:314-7. [PMID: 12552752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
An experimental device, low frequency magnetic fields pulse generator, has been designed and accomplished in our department. It can provide low frequency magnetic fields pulse with the intensity from 150mT to 800mT and the frequency from 0 to 100Hz. This device is easy to operate and performs reliably. It can stably work for a long time and has been successful used in the experiment of magnetic biological effect.
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[The influence of pulsed magnetic fields on SOD's activity and MDA value in metabolism of mice]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 1999; 16:359-61. [PMID: 12552762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
This experiment aimed to investigate the influence of pulsed extremely-low-frequency-magnetic fields on free radical metabolism of mice. Thirty-two mice were randomly divided into four groups and were exposed to 0 T, 0.25 T, 0.34 T and 0.64 T intensity pulsed magnetic fields of 20 Hz for 40 min. The 0 T exposed group was the control group. The free radical metabolism, SOD's activity and MDA, of mice were measured respectively. The result showed the SOD's activity and MDA of the 0.34 T exposed group were both significantly lower (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) than that of the control group, while the 0.25 T and 0.64 T exposed groups were not significantly different from the control group. This demonstrates that the biological effect of pulsed extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields on free radical metabolism of mice varies and depends on the intensity of the fields. The "window" effect may exist.
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Shock wave-inertial microbubble interaction: methodology, physical characterization, and bioeffect study. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 1999; 105:1997-2009. [PMID: 10089617 DOI: 10.1121/1.426733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A method of generating in situ shock wave-inertial microbubble interaction by a modified electrohydraulic shock wave lithotripter is proposed and tested in vitro. An annular brass ellipsoidal reflector (thickness = 28 mm) that can be mounted on the aperture rim of a Dornier XL-1 lithotripter was designed and fabricated. This ring reflector shares the same foci with the XL-1 reflector, but is 15 mm short in major axis. Thus, a small portion of the spherical shock wave, generated by a spark discharge at the first focus (F1) of the reflector, is reflected and diffracted by the ring reflector, producing a weak shock wave approximately 8.5 microseconds in front of the lithotripter pulse. Based on the configuration of the ring reflector (different combinations of six identical segments), the peak negative pressure of the preceding weak shock wave at the second focus (F2) can be adjusted from -0.96 to -1.91 MPa, at an output voltage of 25 kV. The preceding shock wave induces inertial microbubbles, most of which expand to a maximum size of 100-200 microns, with a few expanding up to 400 microns before being collapsed in situ by the ensuing lithotripter pulse. Physical characterizations utilizing polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane hydrophone, high-speed shadowgraph imaging, and passive cavitation detection have shown strong secondary shock wave emission immediately following the propagating lithotripter shock front, and microjet formation along the wave propagation direction. Using the modified reflector, injury to mouse lymphoid cells is significantly increased at high exposure (up to 50% with shock number > 100). With optimal pulse combination, the maximum efficiency of shock wave-induced membrane permeabilization can be enhanced substantially (up to 91%), achieved at a low exposure of 50 shocks. These results suggest that shock wave-inertial microbubble interaction may be used selectively to either enhance the efficiency of shock wave-mediated macromolecule delivery at low exposure or tissue destruction at high exposure.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study estimated morbidity and mortality attributable to substance abuse in Canada. METHODS Pooled estimates of relative risk were used to calculate etiologic fractions by age, gender, and province for 91 causes of disease or death attributable to alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs. RESULTS There were 33,498 deaths and 208,095 hospitalizations attributed to tobacco, 6701 deaths and 86,076 hospitalizations due to alcohol, and 732 deaths and 7095 hospitalizations due to illicit drugs in 1992. CONCLUSIONS Substance abuse exacts a considerable toll on Canadian society in terms of morbidity and mortality, accounting for 21% of deaths, 23% of years of potential life lost, and 8% of hospitalizations.
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Studies on biosensor to determine diacetyl. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 1999; 15:183-8. [PMID: 10935166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
We studied the purification of diacetyl reductase, the preparation of a biosensor, and its performance. With diacetyl reductase and reduced coenzyme I (NADH) co-immobilized as working membrane, NAD+/NADH produced in the course of diacetyl reduction was connected with Fe2+/Fe to build a biosensor. The biosensor could be used to determine diacetyl concentration within the range from 0.1 microgram/mL to 0.5 microgram/mL and the response time was less than two minutes, and its performance was stable within 9 days. The experiments showed that typical metal ions and organics in nominal concentration did not affect the performance of the biosensor, meanwhile, the interference of dissolved oxygen on the performance of biosensor and regeneration of coenzyme I (NADH) were solved to some extent.
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Simple sheath flow reactor for post-column fluorescence derivatization in capillary electrophoresis. Analyst 1997; 122:1581-5. [PMID: 9474810 DOI: 10.1039/a705394k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A system for post-column fluorescence derivatization in capillary electrophoresis is described. The post-column reactor uses a sheath flow detection cell where the reagents, o-phthaldialdehyde and beta-mercaptoethanol, are added to the sheath buffer and mix by diffusion with the analytes effusing from the separation capillary. Reaction progress is monitored and optimized by imaging a large portion of the sheath flow cuvette using an extended UV source and a CCD camera. Significantly, this design provides the ability to switch between the analysis of pre- and post-column derivatized amino acids and peptides easily and without sacrificing system performance. The lack of turbulent flow in this system minimizes post-separation band broadening. The limit of detection for glycine is 9.4 x 10(-8) M (110 amol) with a separation efficiency of 190,000 theoretical plates, without stacking. The performance of the system for a series of amino acids was evaluated using post-column and pre-capillary derivatization.
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