Transcriptional programming of translation by BCL6 controls skeletal muscle proteostasis

Skeletal muscle is dynamically controlled by the balance of protein synthesis and degradation. Here we discover an unexpected function for the transcriptional repressor B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) in muscle proteostasis and strength in mice. Skeletal muscle-specific Bcl6 ablation in utero or in adult mice results in over 30% decreased muscle mass and force production due to reduced protein synthesis and increased autophagy, while it promotes a shift to a slower myosin heavy chain fibre profile. Ribosome profiling reveals reduced overall translation efficiency in Bcl6-ablated muscles. Mechanistically, tandem chromatin immunoprecipitation, transcriptomic and translational analyses identify direct BCL6 repression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (Eif4ebp1) and activation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) and androgen receptor (Ar). Together, these results uncover a bifunctional role for BCL6 in the transcriptional and translational control of muscle proteostasis.

Direct observations of energy transfer from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in magnetosheath of Earth

Electromagnetic whistler-mode waves in space plasmas play critical roles in collisionless energy transfer between the electrons and the electromagnetic field. Although resonant interactions have been considered as the likely generation process of the waves, observational identification has been extremely difficult due to the short time scale of resonant electron dynamics. Here we show strong nongyrotropy, which rotate with the wave, of cyclotron resonant electrons as direct evidence for the locally ongoing secular energy transfer from the resonant electrons to the whistler-mode waves using ultra-high temporal resolution data obtained by NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission in the magnetosheath. The nongyrotropic electrons carry a resonant current, which is the energy source of the wave as predicted by the nonlinear wave growth theory. This result proves the nonlinear wave growth theory, and furthermore demonstrates that the degree of nongyrotropy, which cannot be predicted even by that nonlinear theory, can be studied by observations.

Excitation of whistler-mode waves by cyclotron instability is considered as the likely generation process of the waves. Here, the authors show direct observational evidence for locally ongoing secular energy transfer from the resonant electrons to the whistler-mode waves in Earth’s magnetosheath.

Epigenomic tensor predicts disease subtypes and reveals constrained tumor evolution

Understanding the epigenomic evolution and specificity of disease subtypes from complex patient data remains a major biomedical problem. We here present DeCET (decomposition and classification of epigenomic tensors), an integrative computational approach for simultaneously analyzing hierarchical heterogeneous data, to identify robust epigenomic differences among tissue types, differentiation states, and disease subtypes. Applying DeCET to our own data from 21 uterine benign tumor (leiomyoma) patients identifies distinct epigenomic features discriminating normal myometrium and leiomyoma subtypes. Leiomyomas possess preponderant alterations in distal enhancers and long-range histone modifications confined to chromatin contact domains that constrain the evolution of pathological epigenomes. Moreover, we demonstrate the power and advantage of DeCET on multiple publicly available epigenomic datasets representing different cancers and cellular states. Epigenomic features extracted by DeCET can thus help improve our understanding of disease states, cellular development, and differentiation, thereby facilitating future therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic strategies.

Leistico et al. apply tensor decomposition and classification methods to integrate information from hierarchical heterogenous epigenomic datasets and identify histone modification patterns that discriminate disease conditions, tissue types, and differentiation states. Leiomyomas are shown to possess alterations in distal enhancers and large-scale regions confined to chromatin contact domains.

The advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease after surgical resection

AIM

Precise biomarkers for predicting prognosis could help to identify high-risk Crohn's disease (CD) patients to facilitate better follow-up during the postoperative course. In this study, the primary aim is the identification of the most reliable nutrition marker that predicts surgical relapse in CD patients.

METHOD

We first evaluated the predictive value of various nutrition markers for postoperative surgical relapse in CD patients and identified the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) as a promising biomarker. Then, we assessed the clinical significance of preoperative ALI in CD patients using two cohorts.

RESULTS

Preoperative ALI showed the highest correlation with reoperation rate compared with other nutritional parameters in CD patients receiving surgical resection (sensitivity 53%, specificity 86%, area under the curve 0.71). Lower levels of preoperative ALI were significantly correlated with the presence of perianal disease. A lower level of preoperative ALI was an independent prognostic factor for reoperation rate after an intestinal resection (hazard ratio 3.37, 95% CI 1.38-10.12, P = 0.006), and the prognostic impact of preoperative ALI was successfully validated in an independent cohort using the same cut-off value.

CONCLUSION

Preoperative ALI might be useful for postoperative management of CD patients.

Predictors of Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture after Coil Embolization: Single-Center Experience with Recanalized Aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Recanalization after coil embolization is widely studied. However, there are limited data on how recanalized aneurysms rupture. Herein, we describe our experience with the rupture of recanalized aneurysms and discuss the type of recanalized aneurysms at greatest rupture risk.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 426 unruptured aneurysms and 169 ruptured aneurysms underwent coil embolization in our institution between January 2009 and December 2017. Recanalization occurred in 38 (8.9%) of 426 unruptured aneurysms (unruptured group) and 37 (21.9%) of 169 ruptured aneurysms (ruptured group). The Modified Raymond-Roy classification on DSA was used to categorize the recanalization type. Follow-up DSA was scheduled until 6 months after treatment, and follow-up MRA was scheduled yearly. If recanalization was suspected on MRA, DSA was performed.

RESULTS

In the unruptured group, the median follow-up term was 74.0 months. Retreatment for recanalization was performed in 18 aneurysms. Four of 20 untreated recanalized aneurysms (0.94% of total coiled aneurysms) ruptured. In untreated recanalized aneurysms, class IIIb aneurysms ruptured significantly more frequently than class II and IIIa (P = .025). In the ruptured group, the median follow-up term was 28.0 months. Retreatment for recanalization was performed in 16 aneurysms. Four of 21 untreated recanalized aneurysms (2.37% of total coiled aneurysms) ruptured. Class IIIb aneurysms ruptured significantly more frequently than class II and IIIa (P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS

The types of recanalization after coil embolization may be predictors of rupture. Coiled aneurysms with class IIIb recanalization should undergo early retreatment because of an increased rupture risk.

Dynamic enhancers control skeletal muscle identity and reprogramming

Skeletal muscles consist of fibers of differing metabolic activities and contractility, which become remodeled in response to chronic exercise, but the epigenomic basis for muscle identity and adaptation remains poorly understood. Here, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing of dimethylated histone 3 lysine 4 and acetylated histone 3 lysine 27 as well as transposase-accessible chromatin profiling to dissect cis-regulatory networks across muscle groups. We demonstrate that in vivo enhancers specify muscles in accordance with myofiber composition, show little resemblance to cultured myotube enhancers, and identify glycolytic and oxidative muscle-specific regulators. Moreover, we find that voluntary wheel running and muscle-specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (Pgc1a) transgenic (mTg) overexpression, which stimulate endurance performance in mice, result in markedly different changes to the epigenome. Exercise predominantly leads to enhancer hypoacetylation, whereas mTg causes hyperacetylation at different sites. Integrative analysis of regulatory regions and gene expression revealed that exercise and mTg are each associated with myocyte enhancer factor (MEF) 2 and estrogen-related receptor (ERR) signaling and transcription of genes promoting oxidative metabolism. However, exercise was additionally associated with regulation by retinoid X receptor (RXR), jun proto-oncogene (JUN), sine oculis homeobox factor (SIX), and other factors. Overall, our work defines the unique enhancer repertoires of skeletal muscles in vivo and reveals that divergent exercise-induced or PGC1α-driven epigenomic programs direct partially convergent transcriptional networks.

Dynamic repression by BCL6 controls the genome-wide liver response to fasting and steatosis

Transcription is tightly regulated to maintain energy homeostasis during periods of feeding or fasting, but the molecular factors that control these alternating gene programs are incompletely understood. Here, we find that the B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) repressor is enriched in the fed state and converges genome-wide with PPARα to potently suppress the induction of fasting transcription. Deletion of hepatocyte Bcl6 enhances lipid catabolism and ameliorates high-fat-diet-induced steatosis. In Ppara-null mice, hepatocyte Bcl6 ablation restores enhancer activity at PPARα-dependent genes and overcomes defective fasting-induced fatty acid oxidation and lipid accumulation. Together, these findings identify BCL6 as a negative regulator of oxidative metabolism and reveal that alternating recruitment of repressive and activating transcription factors to shared cis-regulatory regions dictates hepatic lipid handling.

Nonlinear saturation of cyclotron maser instability associated with energetic ring-beam electrons

We study the cyclotron maser instability (CMI) driven by an energetic ring-beam distribution by a particle simulation to explain possible generation mechanisms of intense radiation phenomena observed in space. The main objective is to understand the nonlinear processes that control saturation of the emission process. Our study reveals new issues that have been overlooked in past literature. It is found that electrostatic wave modes excited by the electron beam instability compete with the electromagnetic waves excited by the CMI. Nonlinear effects of these electrostatic modes tend to redistribute the energy of the energetic electrons and make the physics more complicated. The CMI can be much less effective in a realistic case than it is anticipated theoretically.

Immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the fish retina under light and dark adaptations

Previously we have observed the lack of immunoreactivity of taurine in the rod outer segments from light-adapted fish, such as the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis and lefteye flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. This finding prompted us to investigate if there is a difference in the immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the rod outer segments between the dark- and light-adapted states. In the retinas of the glass eel Anguilla japonica and the young goldfish Carassius auratus, extremely intense immunostaining was found in the cone outer segments, rod inner segments, photoreceptor supranuclear region and outer plexiform layer. The rod outer segments were not immunostained in the light-adapted state, while they were intensely immunostained in the dark-adapted state. Consequently, it was suggested that the lack of immunoreactivity in the rod outer segment may depend on light stimulation. In addition, the conspicuous immunocytochemical localization of taurine was discussed with the possible functional roles for taurine in the fish retina.

Conjugated linoleic acid accumulation via 10-hydroxy-12-octadecaenoic acid during microaerobic transformation of linoleic acid by Lactobacillus acidophilus

Specific isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid with potentially beneficial physiological and anticarcinogenic effects, were efficiently produced from linoleic acid by washed cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus AKU 1137 under microaerobic conditions, and the metabolic pathway of CLA production from linoleic acid is explained for the first time. The CLA isomers produced were identified as cis-9, trans-11- or trans-9, cis-11-octadecadienoic acid and trans-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid. Preceding the production of CLA, hydroxy fatty acids identified as 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecaenoic acid and 10-hydroxy-trans-12-octadecaenoic acid had accumulated. The isolated 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecaenoic acid was transformed into CLA during incubation with washed cells of L. acidophilus, suggesting that this hydroxy fatty acid is one of the intermediates of CLA production from linoleic acid. The washed cells of L. acidophilus producing high levels of CLA were obtained by cultivation in a medium containing linoleic acid, indicating that the enzyme system for CLA production is induced by linoleic acid. After 4 days of reaction with these washed cells, more than 95% of the added linoleic acid (5 mg/ml) was transformed into CLA, and the CLA content in total fatty acids recovered exceeded 80% (wt/wt). Almost all of the CLA produced was in the cells or was associated with the cells as free fatty acid.

Development of a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for blood and urinary eosinophil-derived neurotoxin: a preliminary study in patients with bronchial asthma

BACKGROUND

Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), also called eosinophil protein X (EPX), has been suggested to be a useful marker of eosinophilic inflammation. However, no commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for EDN is available yet.

METHODS

EDN was purified from pooled urine from healthy male volunteers. Polyclonal and monoclonal anti-EDN antibodies were subsequently raised, and a sandwich ELISA for EDN was established. EDN levels in serum, plasma and urine from asymptomatic patients with bronchial asthma were measured by the ELISA method. Some of the blood samples were also measured by a commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit.

RESULTS

The ELISA method detected human EDN with a minimum detection limit of less than 0.62 ng/ml and did not cross-react with other eosinophil granule cationic proteins including eosinophil cationic protein. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation of the ELISA method ranged from 2.6 to 3.6% and from 6.5 to 9.4%, respectively. Good linearity was observed with serially diluted different samples, and the recoveries of the purified EDN added to serum samples ranged from 85 to 110%. Median EDN concentrations in serum (36.9 vs. 19.1 ng/ml), plasma (23.0 vs. 14.5 ng/ml) and urine (118.2 vs. 72.1 microg/mmol Cr) were significantly raised in asymptomatic asthmatic patients compared with healthy control subjects. EDN levels in serum, plasma and urine from the patients significantly correlated with the number of peripheral blood eosinophils, but not total serum IgE levels. A significant relationship between EDN values measured by the EPX-RIA kit and the EDN-ELISA method was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

We have developed a novel efficient ELISA method to specifically measure blood and urinary EDN, which may be useful to study the role of eosinophils in allergic diseases including bronchial asthma.

Immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the developing retina of the lefteye flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Light microscopic immunolocalization of taurine, a sulfur-containing free amino acid, was investigated in the developing retina of a lefteye flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, which exhibits metamorphic changes with rod cell addition for 3-5 weeks after hatching. This immunocytochemical study of the developing retina revealed: 1) From 3 to 13 days after hatching, intense immunostaining was shifted from the surroundings of neural cells to the neural somata and processes in the inner retina. 2) Intense immunoreactivity appeared also in the outer and inner segments and basal processes (pedicles) of cone cells within 6 days or 13 days after hatching. 3) Lack of immunoreactivity was found in the outer segment of rod cells from their appearance during metamorphosis. These findings are discussed with the possible functional roles of taurine in the fish retina: 1) involvement in cell differentiation and/or development; 2) protection of the outer segments against light stimuli; and 3) regulation of neural transmission.

Gastric cancer with sarcoid reactions in the regional lymph nodes, the stomach wall, and the splenic parenchyma: report of a case

A 66-year-old man was referred to our institute for investigation of heartburn and epigastralgia. Endoscopic examination demonstrated a type 4' gastric cancer which occupied the whole stomach. At laparotomy, multiple small nodules were found in the spleen which were diagnosed as metastases of the gastric cancer. Thus, total gastrectomy with distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, cholecystectomy, and left adrenalectomy, combined with D4 lymph node dissection, was performed. Microscopic examination of the tumor revealed tubular and mucinous adenocarcinoma which invaded the muscularis propria. Sarcoid reactions were observed in the submucosa adjacent to the carcinoma tissue. Only one lymph node from station no. 8a demonstrated tumor metastasis, while those from station nos. 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 16 revealed sarcoid reactions without tumor metastases. Subsequently, the multiple small nodules that had been presumed to be splenic metastases at laparotomy were found to be sarcoid reactions similar to those seen in the submucosa and regional lymph nodes. Since no skin or ocular lesions indicative of systemic sarcoidosis were seen in this patient, a diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer associated with sarcoid reactions was established. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports regarding an association between sarcoid reactions in the spleen and gastric cancer.

Estimation of the amount of telomere molecules in different human age groups and the telomere increasing effect of acupuncture and shiatsu on St.36, using synthesized basic units of the human telomere molecules as reference control substances for the bi-digital O-ring test resonance phenomenon

It is well established that the telomeres at the ends of chromosomes are composed of long arrays of (TTAGGG)n x (CCCTAA)n that form a nucleoprotein complex required for the replication and protection of chromosome ends. Throughout the cell cycle, telomeres also contain a protein component related to the proto-oncogene Myb that is known as TRF1 (telomere TTAGGG repeat binding factor 1) that binds to the duplex array of TTAGGG repeats in the telomere. Previous studies have shown that TRF1 appears to play a role in controlling the length of telomeres by acting as an inhibitor of telomerase. The amount of each of the TRF1(C-19) & TRF1(N-19) was identical to the amount of telomere of the same organ of the same apparently normal individual. Using synthesized basic unit of TTAGGG, as well as CCCTAA, as separate reference control substances for the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test of Resonance Phenomenon between 2 identical substances, we were able to non-invasively measure the approximate amount of TTAGGG and CCCTAA units, in both normal and cancerous human cells. We examined about 30 apparently normal subjects (both Asian and Caucasian in both sex). The subjects' ages ranged from infancy to 76 years. Each subject was first examined using TTAGGG as a control substance and then examined using CCCTAA as a control substance. The amount of telomere in various cancer tissues are almost always higher than that of normal tissue of the same organ. The measured amounts of both TTAGGG and CCCTAA were found to be in an average of 1500-1600 ng for human fetus or infancy and decreased with the advance of age in both sex with the exception of the heart, brain, eyes (retina), testes, and ovaries, which usually remain at the level of the infant, or reduced very little. Individuals in the same age group had a similar range of amounts of both TTAGGG and CCCTAA in the same organ of the same individual, (except for those with unusually low telomeres often had chronic degenerative diseases, and those who had exceptionally high telomere levels often had excellent physical conditions or mental acumen). The amounts of measured TTAGGG and CCCTAA molecules before and after acupuncture on St. 36 in adenocarcinomas and small cell carcinoma coexisting in the lung of a 54-yr.-old Asian male were: telomere in adenocarcinoma decreased from 950 ng to 750 ng and telomere in small cell carcinoma decreased from 770 ng to 600 ng. When the cancer treatment is effective, the amount of telomere is reduced towards the value of the normal internal organ. We found that acupuncture on St.36 on apparently normal subjects increased the telomere levels up to a maximum of more than 2 times their telomere levels prior to the treatment, depending on the method of treatment, but frequently increases were between 60% to 100%. Strong Shiatsu performed on St. 36 produced a somewhat lesser effect than acupuncture. We also determined the amounts of TTAGGG and CCCTAA molecules non-invasively in 3 mummified Egyptian sisters from the 8th Century BC on exhibit at the Museo Egizio in Turin, Italy in order to estimate their approximate ages (at the time of death). The amounts of body telomere were 500 ng, 550 ng, and 750 ng. For the prehistoric Iceman (about 3350 B.C. to 3310 B.C) discovered in 1991 in the Italian Otzal Alps at about 3,200 meters altitude, estimated body telomere was about 400 ng and telomere in brain and heart was 1600 ng, similar to that of a contemporary human being. Although these studies are preliminary, the findings may have potential applications not only in anti-aging, cancer treatments, and pathophysiology of brain and heart, but also for the estimation of the difference in the ages of cadavers studied in archeology and forensic medicine.

Embryonic development of the inner ear and otolith of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

The embryonic development of the inner ear, especially the sensory epithelia and otoliths in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, was studied by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopically, the auditory vesicle, saccular otolith and statoacoustic ganglion were first observed by 12 days after fertilization, while the utricular otolith appeared at 15 days after fertilization. Both the saccular and utricular maculae were more developed at 22 days after fertilization, and well developed by 27 days. The crista ampullaris of the horizontal canal was also developed at 27 days after fertilization, while the other cristae were not yet distinguished. Electron microscopically, vesicular structures and short microvilli were found on the sensory epithelia of the maculae by 15 days after fertilization. At 22 days after fertilization, the saccular otolith possessed 7 incremental layers, and developing cilia, microvilli, and aggregates of secretory materials also appeared on the apical surface of the sensory epithelia. At 27 days after fertilization, the apical surface of each hair cell was covered with a hair bundle consisting of a single kinocilium and a bundle of stereocilia. These findings are discussed with special regard to the environmental factors on early development in fishes.

Scanning and transmission electron microscopic study on a multilayered basement membrane in the pineal organ of the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis

The pineal organ possesses highly fenestrated capillaries, and is devoid of the so-called blood-brain barrier. The present study indicated that the pineal epithelium of the teleost fish, ayu Plecoglossus altivelis, possesses an unusually thick and convoluted basement membrane (2.2-2.4 microm in width) which is visible even under the light microscope. This pineal basement membrane was observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and its detailed composition and relationships with the fenestrated capillaries and the perivascular space were investigated. As the basement membrane was composed of three to eight layers of basal laminae interspersed with laminae lucidae, we termed it the "multilayered basement membrane". In consideration of our previous demonstration that macromolecules such as HRP are trapped by the basement membrane, it is suggested that this multilayered basement membrane may prevent foreign substances from reaching the pineal epithelium.

Immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the pineal organ and retina of an anadromous fish, Plecoglossus altivelis

Light and electron microscopic immunolocalization of taurine, a sulfur-containing free amino acid, was investigated in the photoneuroendocrine pineal organ and the retinal photoreceptor and pigment epithelial layer of the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis, an anadromous fish. Intense immunostaining was found in the outer segments of pineal photoreceptors and retinal cone-like cells. Moderate but definite immunostaining was found in the cytoplasmic processes of pineal supporting cells, the outer segments of retinal rod-like cells, and the apical processes of pigment epithelial cells. Although the electron microscopic immunogold labeling was not completely coincident with the results of light microscopic immunostaining, concentrated immunogold particles appeared in the inner segments of photoreceptor cells, the cytoplasmic processes of pineal supporting cells, and the apical processes of pigment epithelial cells. These light and electron microscopic findings in taurine immunolocalization were discussed in relation to the functions of taurine known mainly from retinal physiology. It was suggested that the abundant taurine localization may be involved at least in the protection of photoreceptor outer segments against harmful factors, and in the transportation of nutrients and metabolites. The immunostaining for taurine is useful for the discrimination of different types of photoreceptor cells in the pineal organ and retina of fish.

Impression on observing psychic surgery and healing in Brazil which appear to incorporate (+) qi gong energy & the use of acupuncture points

In December, 1995, the author had the opportunity to observe an elderly psychic healer of East European origin in Sao Paulo, Brazil. This man specialized in cancer treatment by pointing with the fingers of his right hand at his patients, without actually touching them, spending an average of 30 to 40 minutes with each one. The author considered this to be Qi Gong treatment. In March, 1997 the author also observed 2 leading psychic healers in Brazil. One of them, named Rubens Farias, Jr. is a 43 year-old former engineer and computer programmer if European descent, who is commonly known as "Dr. Fritz III" because he is believed to be the spirit of Dr. Adolf Fritz, a German physician who died during World War I, operates through him. The other is "Dr." Hirota, a 53 year old former farmer of Japanese decent who lives near Campinas. About 120 kilometers outside of Sao Paulo and treats large numbers of people daily using indirect and/or hand-on healing techniques. On March 6, 1997, when the author visited "Dr. Fritz III"'s clinic in Sao Paulo with a group of Brazilian physicians, he was informed the about 1,400 patients had come that day. "Dr Fritz III" examined and treated the majority of the patients in less than one minute each, often asking very quick questions and then immediately beginning treatment. Most patients received injections of a dark-brown solution, which, some of the visiting doctors speculated, may be an iodine solution mixed with either alcohol or a local anesthetic. In many patients, he injected this solution near the pathological area or at an acupuncture point near the pathological area. When the needle of the syringe was in the acupuncture pint, he twirled it with his fingers several times and the withdrew it. Minor surgery was performed in about 1/5th of the patients with whom the author observed. Most of the surgical incisions were made on the midline of the tissue over the spine near the pathological area. The clamping of the blood vessels and the closings of the surgical wounds were performed by licensed surgeons or licensed nurses. Major surgery were done by "Dr. Fritz III" who used a rather primitive and unorthodox cutting technique. Except for major surgery, assistance was performed by volunteer nurses, including his wife. After the surgical wounds were closed, gauze band-aids were applied. When the surface of the gauze facing the wound was examined, it showed strong (+) Qi Gong energy according to the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test. Essentially, "Dr. Fritz III"'s treatment consists of acupuncture, injection of iodine with other substances near the pathological area, and (+) Qi Gong energy stored gauze which is applied to the acupuncture point, pathological area, or the site of surgery. "Dr." Hirota is another famous psychic healer whom the author was able to meet and observe in practice while in Brazil. "Dr." Hirota has been practicing for over 20 years. He usually sees patients who come to his clinic in the mornings and he claims to treat 1,000 to 2,000 patients daily between 9 AM and 12 noon. His main treatment also appears to be the application of external Qi Gong energy through the fingers of his right-hand, in combination with Shiatsu Massage and a manual procedure resembling chiropractic manipulation.

Significant mercury deposits in internal organs following the removal of dental amalgam, & development of pre-cancer on the gingiva and the sides of the tongue and their represented organs as a result of inadvertent exposure to strong curing light (used to solidify synthetic dental filling material) & effective treatment: a clinical case report, along with organ representation areas for each tooth

Because of the reduced effectiveness of antibiotics against bacteria (e.g. Chlamydia trachomatis, alpha-Streptococcus, Borrelia burgdorferi, etc.) and viruses (e.g. Herpes Family Viruses) in the presence of mercury, as well as the fact that the 1st author has found that mercury exists in cancer and pre-cancer cell nuclei, the presence of dental amalgam (which contains about 50% mercury) in the human mouth is considered to be a potential hazard for the individual's health. In order to solve this problem, 3 amalgam fillings were removed from the teeth of the subject of this case study. In order to fill the newly created empty spaces in the teeth where the amalgams had formerly existed, a synthetic dental-filling substance was introduced and to solidify the synthetic substance, curing light (wavelength range reportedly between 400-520 nm) was radiated onto the substance in order to accelerate the solidifying process by photo-polymerization. In spite of considerable care not to inhale mercury vapor or swallow minute particles of dental amalgam during the process of removing it by drilling, mercury entered the body of the subject. Precautions such as the use of a rubber dam and strong air suction, as well as frequent water suctioning and washing of the mouth were insufficient. Significant deposits of mercury, previously non-existent, were found in the lungs, kidneys, endocrine organs, liver, and heart with abnormal low-voltage ECGs (similar to those recorded 1-3 weeks after i.v. injection of radioisotope Thallium-201 for Cardiac SPECT) in all the limb leads and V1 (but almost normal ECGs in the precordial leads V2-V6) the day after the procedures were performed. Enhanced mercury evaporation by increased temperature and microscopic amalgam particles created by drilling may have contributed to mercury entering the lungs and G.I. system and then the blood circulation, creating abnormal deposits of mercury in the organs named above. Such mercury contamination may then contribute to intractable infections or pre-cancer. However, these mercury deposits, which commonly occur in such cases, were successfully eliminated by the oral intake of 100 mg tablet of Chinese parsley (Cilantro) 4 times a day (for average weight adults) with a number of drug-uptake enhancement methods developed by the 1st author, including different stimulation methods on the accurate organ representation areas of the hands (which have been mapped using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test), without injections of chelating agents. Ingestion of Chinese parsley, accompanied by drug-uptake enhancement methods, was initiated before the amalgam removal procedure and continued for about 2 to 3 weeks afterwards, and ECGs became almost normal. During the use of strong bluish curing light to create a photo-polymerization reaction to solidify the synthetic filling material, the adjacent gingiva and the side of the tongue were inadvertently exposed. This exposure to the strong bluish light was found to produce pre-cancerous conditions in the gingiva, the exposed areas of the tongue, as well as in the corresponding organs represented on those areas of the tongue, and abnormally increased enzyme levels in the liver. These abnormalities were also successfully reversed by the oral intake of a mixture of EPA with DHA and Chinese parsley, augmented by one of the non-invasive drug-uptake enhancement methods previously described by the 1st author, repeated 4 times each day for 2 weeks.

177 cardiovascular risk factors, classified in 10 categories, to be considered in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: an update of the original 1982 article containing 96 risk factors

The first comprehensive listing of cardiovascular risk factors was presented in this journal in 1982 in the article, "96 Cardiovascular Risk Factors" (by Y. Omura & S. Heller), which was the most extensive list of cardiovascular risk factors written on the subject at that time. Since then, much research has been carried out to identify cardiovascular risk factors; according to the authors' most recent computer search, close to 9,000 articles appeared between 1982 and 1996. Upon initial review of most of the abstracts of these articles, we were surprised to find that the number of cardiovascular risk factors has increased significantly (79 new factors in addition to those we published in 1982). With a few exceptions (7 risk factors are now considered to be questionable), those we listed in 1982 are still valid today, and have been further confirmed with additional data and improved technology. Through reviewing the abstracts of these articles, we found about 177 cardiovascular risk factors, including most of the 96 previously listed. Of the original 96, we have identified those now considered to be questionable, e.g. taking oral contraceptives, which today contain significantly lower doses of estrogen than in the past and are therefore much safer. All 177 cardiovascular risk factors are classified into the following 10 major categories, with the 11th category listing those factors now considered to be questionable: 1) Nutrition-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors (33 risk factors) 2) Internal Cardiovascular Risk Factors Identifiable by Laboratory Tests: Abnormal Blood & Tissue Chemistry Findings Related to Cardiovascular Diseases (35 risk factors) 3) Drug, Chemical, Hormonal, and Nutritional Supplement Intake (Including Drug-Drug Interaction and Drug-Food Interaction) As Cardiovascular Risk Factors (34 risk factors) 4) Signs and Symptoms Associated With a High Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases (33 risk factors) 5) Non-Invasively Detectable Abnormal Laboratory Findings Associated With Cardiovascular Diseases (13 risk factors) 6) Hereditary Cardiovascular Risk Factors (5 risk factors) 7) Environmental Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Including Air Pollution, Electromagnetic Fields, Materials that Contact the Body Surface, Poisonous Venoms, and Insertion of Needle into Infected Body Tissue by Acupuncture of Injection (14 risk factors) 8) Socioeconomic and Demographic Cardiovascular Risk Factors (7 risk factors) 9) Cardiovascular Risk Factors Related to Medical Care (2 risk factors) 10) Co-existence of Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors (1 risk factor) 11) Factors Previously Regarded As Cardiovascular Risk Factors, But Now in Question (7 risk factors) While a few factors, like hereditary characteristics, age, and sex, generally cannot be changed, most of the cardiovascular risk factors can be controlled by changing one's lifestyle, maintaining proper dietary intake, and correcting any existing abnormalities once each individual's unique constellation of cardiovascular risk factors is recognized. Some factors can be recognized by individuals themselves, but many other factors require physical examinations and laboratory tests by a physician or properly trained paramedical to be recognized. Medical examinations and blood chemistry and other laboratory tests may be necessary to establish baselines and measure changes over time. Once abnormal parameters are identified, periodic examinations should follow with proper corrective measures monitored by a qualified medical professional.

Inhibitory effect of NaCl on hog kidney mitochondrial membrane-bound monoamine oxidase: pH and temperature dependences

For a further understanding of the inhibitory effect of NaCl on hog kidney mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO), the activity for benzylamine as substrate was assayed spectrophotometrically in the absence and presence of NaCl for mitochondrial outer membrane preparations as well as whole mitochondria. The effect of CaCl2 was also examined for comparison. The inhibition by NaCl but not CaCl2 was strongly pH dependent. The pH dependence of the inhibitory effect of NaCl in phosphate buffer was parallel to the pH dependence of the MAO activity itself. The point at which the slope of the Arrhenius plot in the absence of NaCl decreases with increasing temperature was to be 32.3 degrees C at pH 7.0 and 30.4 degrees C at pH 7.5 in phosphate buffer, while the Arrhenius plot in the presence of NaCl exhibited discontinuities without change in the slope in small temperature ranges, 39.2 degrees C-40.0 degrees C and 33.0 degrees C-34.2 degrees C. It was estimated that the inhibitory effect of NaCl was due to a pH and temperature sensitive cooperative state change involving MAO protein and boundary lipids, while the effect of CaCl2 could be induced by specific Ca2+ binding to acidic phospholipids.

Role of mercury (Hg) in resistant infections & effective treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes family viral infections (and potential treatment for cancer) by removing localized Hg deposits with Chinese parsley and delivering effective antibiotics using various drug uptake enhancement methods

The authors found that antibiotics used to treat various infections often were ineffective in the presence of abnormal localized deposits of heavy metals like Hg and Pb, which were often observed to co-exist with Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpes Simplex Types I & II, Cytomegalovirus(CMV), and other micro-organisms. Our earlier research revealed that despite rigorous treatment with antibiotics together with various drug uptake enhancement techniques, subjects who had been treated for Chlamydia trachomatis infections, seemingly successfully with disappearance of their symptoms, were often experiencing recurrences within several months after completion of their treatment despite taking precautions against reinfection. Careful examination of the entire body of these symptom-free patients with the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test revealed that the Chlamydia trachomatis had retreated to 3 approximately 5 hiding places with localized increase in uric acid levels: 1) sublingual caruncle, 2) a small round area in the right and/or left axillae, 3) the genitals (Corona Glandis area of the Glans Penis at the Fossa Navicularis of the urethra in the male, and near the orifice of the urethra in the female), 4) Insulin-like Growth Factor positive horizontal lines, particularly above and below the knees, 5) the maxillary, ethmoid and frontal sinuses and the horizontal lines at the base of the nostrils (particularly small areas where Insulin-like Growth Factors exist). We found that all these areas contain Insulin-like Growth Factors I & II which are reduced in the presence of infection. Even when drug uptake of antibiotics was selectively increased in these 3 approximately 5 areas by various drug uptake enhancement methods developed by the 1st author, still the infection persisted. In the spring of 1995, use of Chinese parsley for successful elimination of Hg deposits existing in various organs of the first author as the result of the decay of radioactive Thallium 201 injected for cardiac SPECT, was accidentally discovered after eating Vietnamese soup, which happened to contain Chinese parsley, also called cilantro. We also found Chinese parsley accelerates the excretion of Hg, Pb, and A1 from the body though the urine. Our subjects were given a course of antibiotics (Doxycycline for Chlamydia trachomatis infection) or anti-viral agents (EPA with DHA for Herpes Family Viruses) together with Chinese parsley. Since these vegetable/herbs were eaten, the amount of effective substance absorbed varied and some people did not like the taste of these relatively large amounts of either cooked or raw parsley or its juice, but together with effective antibiotics delivered by drug uptake enhancement methods to the infected areas, the substances worked synergistically, rapidly reducing the generalized symptoms and infection. The micro-organisms retreated to the 3 approximately 5 areas listed above where, with continued treatment, they were significantly reduced, but not completely eliminated. Because of these problems, a pharmaceutical company was asked to produce a Chinese parsley table containing a controlled amount in a highly absorbable form. When 11 subjects were treated with Doxycycline for Chlamydia trachomatis infection, or anti-viral agents (EPA with DHA) for Herpes Family Viruses, drug uptake enhancement methods to selectively increase delivery of the drugs to the affected areas, and Chinese parsley tablets to remove the heavy metal deposits, the last traces of the infections and clinical symptoms disappeared completely. Therefore we hypothesized that the infectious micro-organisms mentioned above, somehow utilize the Hg or Pb to protect themselves from what would otherwise be effective antibiotics, and/or that heavy metal deposits in some way make antibiotics ineffective. Since the micro-organisms retreat to areas in which Insulin-like Growth Factors I & II normally exist, they may be utilizing them for their own growth and multiplication. These phenomena ma

Radiation injury & mercury deposits in internal organs as a result of thallium-201 chloride intravenous injection for SPECT imaging; additional biochemical information obtained in the images of organs from SPECT or PET scans; & potential injury due to radiation exposure during long distance flights

In order to study functional as well as anatomical aspects of various internal organs, SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography) has been used extensively for evaluation of these organs. For SPECT study, intravenous injection of radioactive substances such as technetium-99m (20 millicuries) & thallium-201 chloride (3 millicuries) is commonly used. Although the physical half-life of thallium-201 chloride is 73 hours, its biological half-life is often more than 3.5 times that. Following intravenous injection of thallium-201 chloride it is concentrated in the heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas, thyroid gland, testes or ovaries, and then eventually decays to mercury. Because of its relatively long physical & biological half-lives, thallium-201 chloride may produce mild radiation injury while it remains radioactive. Similar injuries may be induced by technetium-99m (often used for brain SPECT), which radiates Gamma rays (140 KeV), but since its physical half-life is only 6 hours, the side effects are not as significant as those of thallium-201 chloride. Since the main component of thallium-201 chloride radiation is X-ray (68-82 KeV), which consists of photons with a very short wavelength and a high penetrating power, prolonged exposure can induce electromagnetic field-induced injury. As a previous study of the principal author on electromagnetic field exposure indicated, electromagnetic field-induced injury causes the change of L-amino acids to D-amino acids. 2 days after SPECT study of the heart with intravenous injection of thallium-201 chloride, the principal author experienced shortness of breath, loss of appetite, dizziness, fever, and general malaise within the week, and found a progressively significant increase in D-glutamic acid and decrease in L-glutamic acid peaking 2 weeks after the initial injection but lasting for many weeks after in organs such as the heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas, thyroid gland & testes, where radioactive substances had accumulated and radiation was at an average of about 400 counts/min. Even 2 months after the initial injection, the abnormal ratio of D-amino acids and L-amino acids had not returned to normal (in the radiation exposed heart, L-amino acids: 6 mg/dl with D-amino acids: 5 mg/dl; normal tissue, L-amino acids: 10 mg/dl with D-amino acids < 1 mg/dl). The principal author tried to find a safe method of reducing possible radiation injury and accelerating the elimination of the already deposited mercury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Application of intensified (+) Qi Gong energy, (-) electrical field, (S) magnetic field, electrical pulses (1-2 pulses/sec), strong Shiatsu massage or acupuncture on the accurate organ representation areas of the hands to improve circulation and enhance drug uptake in pathological organs: clinical applications with special emphasis on the "Chlamydia-(Lyme)-uric acid syndrome" and "Chlamydia-(cytomegalovirus)-uric acid syndrome"

Various methods of improving circulation and enhancing drug uptake which were used in treating some intractable medical problems caused by infections, and two syndromes based on the co-existence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection (mixed with either Lyme Borrelia burgdorferi or Cytomegalovirus) with increased Uric acid are described. The principal author's previous studies have indicated that there are two opposite types of Qi Gong energy, positive (+) and negative (-). Positive (+) Qi Gong energy has been used clinically to enhance circulation and drug uptake in diseased areas where there is a micro-circulatory disturbance and drug uptake is markedly diminished. (-) Qi Gong energy has completely the opposite effect and therefore has not been used although there may be some as yet undiscovered application. Since the late 1980's the principal author has succeeded in storing (+) Qi Gong energy on a variety of substances including small sheets of paper, and recently has been able to intensify this energy by concentrating it as it passes through a cone-shaped, tapered glass or plastic object placed directly on the (+) Qi Gong energy stored paper. Application of (+) Qi Gong energy stored paper on the cardio-vascular representation area of the medulla oblongata at the occipital area of the skull often improved circulation and enhanced drug uptake. If the drug-uptake enhancement was still not sufficient for the drug to reach therapeutic levels in the diseased organ, direct application of (+) Qi Gong from the practitioner's hand often enhanced the drug uptake more significantly. However, this direct method often results in the practitioner developing intestinal micro-hemorrhage within 24 hours which may or may not be noticed as mild intestinal discomfort with soft, slightly tarry stool. For intensifying (+) Qi Gong energy one of the most efficient shapes is a cone with increased intensification occurring at an optimal height. However when the total mass and the total distance from base to peak is increased beyond an optimal limit, the power decreases. Clinical application of Intensified (+) Qi Gong stored energy was evaluated in this preliminary study which indicated that intensified (+) Qi Gong energy application on the heart representation area of the middle finger on the hands markedly improved circulation in the corresponding organ, and increased drug uptake and acetylcholine even more effectively than some of the previously used drug enhancement methods (Shiatsu massage of the organ representation areas and/or application of (+) Qi Gong energy stored paper to the occipital area above the cardiovascular representation area of the medulla oblongata).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Outcome of peristomal skin management by long-term use of skin barrier

Peristomal skin status was retrospectively evaluated in group of patients who routinely used skin barriers as a part of their pouching system. Three hundred forty-four photographs were obtained for 113 patients who used skin-barrier products continuously for periods ranging from 1 to 10 years. Changes in the peristomal skin were evaluated according to severity and three qualitative characteristics: inflammatory changes, pigmentary alterations, and macroscopic evidence of relief from the chronic effects of skin barrier. Of the 344 photographs reviewed, only 7.4% were free from any skin change. The incidence of inflammatory change peaked at 38% before 3 months and varied from 5% to 20% after this riod. The incidence of pigmentary change was 86% at 9 months after operation and 85% to 95% during later periods. Macroscopic evidence of skin relief was observed in 75% to 95% of the photographs across time. This investigation demonstrates that peristomal skin changes among patients who use skin barriers as a routine part of the pouching procedure are dynamic and complex. These products exhibit both skin-protective and skin-irritating properties.

Accurate localization of organ representation areas on the feet & hands using the bi-digital O-ring test resonance phenomenon: its clinical implication in diagnosis & treatment--Part I

Accuracy of the widely used organ representation areas, currently used in different schools of foot and hand reflexology was evaluated using Bi-Digital O-Ring test resonance phenomenon. Our previous study indicated that mapping organ representation areas of the tongue using Bi-Digital O-Ring Test resonance phenomenon between 2 identical substances often provided more reliable clinical information for both diagnosis and treatment than the 2 widely used, but crude, traditional schools of Chinese tongue diagnosis. This same method was applied for the mapping of the organ representation areas on the feet and hands. We succeeded in mapping the following areas on human feet: 1) Middle (3rd) toe on the sole side represents the following starting from the tip: A) Head, B) Face with eye, ear, nose, and mouth (1st Digit) C) Neck and organs within the neck (narrow band of space between 1st crease after the 1st digit and crease at the junction of the beginning of the sole); 2) 2nd and 4th toe represent upper extremities, the beginning tip being fingers and hands. The crease at the base of these toes represents the shoulder. The 2nd toe represents right upper extremity, and the 4th toe represents left upper extremity; 3) 1st and 5th toes in both the right and left feet represent lower extremities with the tip being the toes and soles of feet. The crease at the base of these toes represents the inguinal area. The 1st toe of each foot represents right lower extremity, and 5th toe represents left lower extremity. The sole of the foot is divided into the following 3 distinctive sections. 1) Upper (1st) section represents organs in the chest cavity including 2 thymus glands, trachea, 2 lungs, with the heart between them, and with the esophagus appearing as a narrow band outside of the lung near and below the 1st and 2nd toe depending upon the individual. Chest section occupies the first 1/3 to 1/5 (on a relatively long foot) of the entire sole. The boundary between the chest and G.I. system can be approximately estimated by extending the length of the entire toe or up to 25% longer to the sole, but it can be accurately determined using a diaphragm tissue microscope slide as a reference control substance. 2) Middle (2nd) section represents Gastro-Intestinal system, including lower end of the esophagus, liver, stomach, spleen, gall bladder, pancreas, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, colon, and anus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Transmission of molecular information through electro-magnetic waves with different frequencies and its application to non-invasive diagnosis of patients as well as detection from patient's X-ray film of visible and not visible medical information: Part I

Our previous study indicates the principle that information on the molecular structure and its quantity will be transmitted bi-directionally through a red-spectrum soft laser beam when specific molecules are placed in the close vicinity of the laser beam. The method was immediately applied for diagnosing diseases or localizing specific substances, using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, in moving or stationary animals or human subjects at clearly visible distances, without directly contacting the subject. This principle was also applied for the microscopic Bi-Digital O-Ring Test to examine cellular structures and substances within the cell at the magnified focused projected plane. The method was further expanded to an electron-microscopic Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, where, instead of a light beam as a source of electromagnetic wave carrier, an electron beam was used. Thus, it was possible to study the ultra-fine structure of cells. During the past several years, the author has been experimenting with the question of whether, instead of using visible light in the microscopic Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, if much shorter wavelengths, such as X-ray with strong penetrating force through living tissue, are used as the carriers of molecular information, and if X-ray pictures of the body are evaluated by a similar method as in the microscopic Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, molecular information existing in the pathways of the X-ray through the body might be detectable or not. Our studies indicate that, using X-ray film with good picture quality taken of specific parts of the body, one can detect not only specific microbial infections, such as bacterial, viral, or spirochete (e.g., Lyme), and changes in local chemistry including blood chemistry such as glucose, total cholesterol, uric acid, in major arteries or the heart, but also potentially effective medication. Using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test resonance phenomenon between a reference control substance and an identical substance or its electromagnetic field imprint, anatomical structures of the soft tissue, such as blood vessels, nerves, and muscles can be identified even when they are not visible on the X-ray film because of the masking effect of other tissues with high density or large volume of tissue. Similar findings were also found in the CAT Scan and MRI pictures of normal and abnormal organs of the body. In this paper, two examples of such analyses, i.e. X-ray films of one patient with adenocarcinoma of the colon and another patient with rheumatoid arthritis of the knee joint are shown.

Early development of the pineal photoreceptors prior to the retinal differentiation in the embryonic rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Teleostei)

The development of the pineal and retinal photoreceptors in the embryonic rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss was investigated by means of light and electron microscopy. The pineal photoreceptors endowed with photoreceptive outer segments and signal-transmitting synapses appeared first 15 days after fertilization, and well developed by 21 days. In contrast, the retinal photoreceptors appeared as late as 27 days after fertilization (1 day before hatching). This temporal disparity in photoreceptor development has been compared with the photoperiodic formation of otolith increments, which is initiated during an early developmental stage lacking retinal photoreception. It has been suggested that the early development of pineal photoreceptors may be involved in light-dark recognition, establishment of the diel and circadian rhythms, and entrainment to the environmental photoperiod in the embryonic rainbow trout.

Non-invasive evaluation of the effects of opening & closing of eyes, and of exposure to a minute light beam, as well as to electrical or magnetic field on the melatonin, serotonin, & other neuro-transmitters of human pineal gland representation areas & the heart

Using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test electromagnetic resonance phenomena between 2 identical substances, first the pineal gland representational (rep.) areas were localized on the 5 different locations on the surface of the head using microscope slides of the pineal gland or Melatonin (while the eyes are closed) as a reference control substance. The 3 pineal rep. areas along the mid-line of the head always showed two lobes connected as a "Dumbbell" shape, with one round or oval area at each side of the mid-line. From each side of the head, anterior and superior to the ear, it appeared in a shape resembling the side view of a pineal gland. When both eyes were open, Melatonin, Norepinephrine (NE), and Acetylcholine (ACh) markedly decreased, while Serotonin, Dopamine, and GABA increased significantly in the outer part of the pineal gland rep. areas. When both eyes were closed, Melatonin, NE and ACh increased markedly, with marked decrease in Serotonin, Dopamine and GABA in the outer part of the pineal gland rep. areas. However, in the inner core of the pineal gland rep. area, an opposite response was found. Thus, the pineal gland has 2 main lobes, and functionally each lobe seems to have two concentric areas with an inverse relationship, i.e., a "Functional Cortex" area and a "Functional Core" area. The biochemical changes between the cortex and the core are in an inverse relationship. Melatonin was also found in the S-A node & right side of normal heart when the eyes were closed. When the eyes were open, Melatonin was found in the left side of the heart, as well as the salivary glands, stomach, colon, etc. While both eyes were closed, when a weak light beam was exposed at different parts of the body, such as any part of the upper and lower extremities, Melatonin, NE, and ACh decreased, with an increase in Serotonin, GABA and Dopamine only in the functional cortices of the pineal gland lobes on the same side of the body. Even when both eyes were open, if a very weak narrow beam of light was exposed on any part of the body, Melatonin, NE and ACh decreased, while Serotonin, Dopamine and GABA increased compared with pre-exposure level in only the functional cortices of the pineal gland lobes in the same side of the light exposure, and the opposite effect was also observed in the functional core of the light exposed side only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Electro-magnetic fields in the home environment (color TV, computer monitor, microwave oven, cellular phone, etc) as potential contributing factors for the induction of oncogen C-fos Ab1, oncogen C-fos Ab2, integrin alpha 5 beta 1 and development of cancer, as well as effects of microwave on amino acid composition of food and living human brain

The effects, on normal human subjects, of 3 minutes exposure to electro-magnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from: A) personal computers, B) color television sets, or C) microwave-ovens, or cellular phones were compared by placing the same large sheet of aluminum foil with a square hole or rectangular band-shaped hole at the chest level (or at the side of the head with the cellular phone), with or without grounding the aluminum foil, using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Dysfunction Localization and Molecular Identification Methods with cancer related substances (i.e., Oncogen C-fos Ab2 and mercury in the cell nucleus, Integrin alpha 5 beta 1 in the cell & nuclear membranes, and disappearance of Acetylcholine) as reference control substances. All the above sources of the EMFs not only induced the following various transitional abnormalities on the EMF entry area, but also induced similar abnormalities at the EMF exit area on the back (where the abnormality was found in the same shape as exposed EMF entry area, and the effect lasted for a shorter time than the entry point of the EMF): A) Exposure of the body at about 50 cm from the monitor of some of the typical personal computers resulted in: A1) decrease in Acetylcholine; A2) appearance of circulatory disturbance with the appearance of Thromboxane B2; A3) short-lasting appearance of Oncogen C-fos Ab2; A4) short-lasting appearance of Oncogen C-fos Ab1, though it lasted longer than C-fos Ab2; A5) no appearance of Integrin alpha 5 beta 1. B) part of the chest was exposed at a distance between 1 meter and up to 3 meters from a color television sized anywhere from 13'' to 21'', resulting in: B1) decrease in Acetylcholine; B2) appearance of circulatory disturbance with the appearance of Thromboxane B2; B3) short-lasting appearance of Oncogen C-fos Ab2; B4) short-lasting appearance of Oncogen C-fos Ab1, though it lasted longer than C-fos Ab2; B5) very short-lasting appearance of Integrin alpha 5 beta 1. C) When body was exposed, at a distance of 0.5m-2 meters, to microwaves emitted as leakage from a small microwave oven (about 2.45 GHz with 450 Watt output), the effects usually lasted about 2 to 3 times the exposure time at the exposed area and 1.6 to 2 times the exposure time at the back of the body at the EMF exit area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Simple non-invasive mapping of pain pathways in living humans, and the effects of acute non-invasively induced pain on substance P, oncogen C-fos Ab1, oncogen C-fos Ab2, dopamine, and acetylcholine

Most of the present knowledge on pain pathways is based on invasive animal experiments. In 1987, using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, Omura found that pain pathways can be evaluated non-invasively in living humans. In this paper, actual examples of such cases are reported. When mild pain was created by pinching different fingers of a normal human subject by placing a plastic clamp on the skin above a pain pathway, the indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, through a fine electroconductive metal wire held by a third person, showed marked weakening of muscle tone of the third person resulting in the opening of the Bi-Digital O-Ring, which was preselected only when the minimum essential requirements to perform the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test were satisfied. The pain pathway thus detected had the following characteristics: For example, when the lateral side of the 5th finger of the left hand was pinched, the pathway was approximately along the ulnar nerve and then went to the dorsal root of the spinal cord around the area corresponding to the lower end of the 7th cervical vertebrae/upper end of the 1st thoracic vertebrae. At this level, the pain pathway goes to the opposite side (right side) then laterally up to the lower one-third of the medulla oblongata. It then turns horizontally from the right side to the left side at the same level, then goes up in the left side of the center of the medulla oblongata. At the left side it goes to the pons, and in the upper part of the pons it turns towards the midline. It then goes up and turns to the right side of the right cerebral cortex corresponding to the lateral side of the 5th finger.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

COMMON FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO INTRACTABLE PAIN AND MEDICAL PROBLEMS WITH INSUFFICIENT DRUG UPTAKE IN AREAS TO BE TREATED, AND THEIR PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT: PART I. COMBINED USE OF MEDICATION WITH ACUPUNCTURE, (+) QI GONG ENERGY-STORED MATERIAL, SOFT LASER OR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

Most frequently encountered causes of intractable pain and intractable medical problems, including headache, post-herpetic neuralgia, tinnitus with hearing difficulty, brachial essential hypertension, cephalic hypertension and hypotension, arrhythmia, stroke, osteo-arthritis, Minamata disease, Alzheimer's disease and neuromuscular problems, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and cancer are often found to be due to co-existence of 1) viral or bacterial infection, 2) localized microcirculatory disturbances, 3) localized deposits of heavy metals, such as lead or mercury, in affected areas of the body, 4) with or without additional harmful environmental electro-magnetic or electric fields from household electrical devices in close vicinity, which create microcirculatory disturbances and reduced acetylcholine. The main reason why medications known to be effective prove ineffective with intractable medical problems, the authors found, is that even effective medications often cannot reach these affected areas in sufficient therapeutic doses, even though the medications can reach the normal parts of the body and result in side effects when doses are excessive. These conditions are often difficult to treat or may be considered incurable in both Western and Oriental medicine. As solutions to these problems, the authors found some of the following methods can improve circulation and selectively enhance drug uptake: 1) Acupuncture, 2) Low pulse repetition rate electrical stimulation (1-2 pulses/second), 3) (+) Qi Gong energy, 4) Soft lasers using Ga-As diode laser or He-Ne gas laser, 5) Certain electro-magnetic fields or rapidly changing or moving electric or magnetic fields, 6) Heat or moxibustion, 7) Individually selected Calcium Channel Blockers, 8) Individually selected Oriental herb medicines known to reduce or eliminate circulatory disturbances. Each method has advantages and limitations and therefore the individually optimal method has to be selected. Applications of (+) Qi Gong energy stored paper or cloth every 4 hours, along with effective medications, were often found to be effective, as Qigongnized materials can often be used repeatedly, as long as they are not exposed to rapidly changing electric, magnetic or electro-magnetic fields. Application of (+) Qi Gong energy-stored paper or cloth, soft laser or changing electric field for 30-60 seconds on the area above the medulla oblongata, vertebral arteries or endocrine representation area at the tail of pancreas reduced or eliminated microcirculatory disturbances and enhanced drug uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Bi-directional transmission of molecular information by photon or electron beams passing in the close vicinity of specific molecules, and its clinical and basic research applications: 1) Diagnosis of humans or animal patients without any direct contact; 2) Light microscopic and electron microscopic localization of neuro-transmitters, heavy metals, Oncogen C-fos (AB2), etc. of intracellular fine structures of normal and abnormal single cells using light or electro-microscopic indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test

In 1985, Omura, Y. discovered that, when specific molecules were placed anywhere in the close vicinity of the path of a light beam (laser), their molecular information, as well as information on electrical & magnetic fields, is transmitted bi-directionally along the path of this light beam. Namely, this information is transmitted in the direction the light beam is projected and towards the direction from which the light beam is coming. This finding was applied to the following clinical and basic research: 1) In the past, using indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, human or animal patients were diagnosed through an intermediate third person holding a good electrical conducting probe, the tip of which was touching the part of the patient to be examined. However, in order to diagnose the patient in isolation from a distance, or a dangerous or unmanagable unanesthesized animal, such as a lion or tiger, the author succeeded in making a diagnosis by replacing the metal conducting probe with a soft laser beam which is held by the one hand of the third person whose index finger is placed in close vicinity of the laser beam generated by a battery-powered penlight-type solid state laser generator. Thus, diagnosis within visible distance, without direct patient contact, became a reality. 2) Using a projection light microscope, by giving indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test while contacting with a fine electro-conductive probe on the magnified fine structure of normal and abnormal cells, various normal and abnormal intracellular substances were localized through a third person holding a pure reference control substance with the same hand that is holding the probe as an intermediary for the indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test. Instead of the photon beam in a light microscope, the author found that, using an electron beam passing through the close vicinity of specific molecules of specimens in an electron microscope, the molecular information is transmitted to the magnified fluorescent screen, and an indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test could be performed through a projected penlight-type solid state soft laser beam on the magnified intracellular structure through an observation glass window. Using the magnified fine structure of the cells, by either a light projection microscopic field or electron microscope, in various cancer cells of both humans and animals, Oncogen C-fos (AB2) and mercury were found inside of the nucleus. Integrin alpha 5 beta 1 was found on cell membranes and nuclear cell membranes of cancer cells. Acetylcholine was not found anywhere within cancer cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Identification of lysyl residues located at the substrate-binding site in UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from potato tuber: affinity labeling with uridine di- and triphosphopyridoxals

Uridine di- and triphosphopyridoxals were used to probe the substrate-binding site in potato tuber UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.9). The enzyme was rapidly inactivated in time- and dose-dependent manners when incubated with either reagent followed by reduction with sodium borohydride. The inactivations were almost completely retarded by UDP-Glc and UTP but only slightly by alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate. The complete inactivation corresponded to the incorporation of about 0.9-1.0 mol of either reagent per mole of enzyme monomer. Both reagents appear to bind specifically to the UDP-Glc-(UTP)-binding site. Structural studies of the labeled enzymes revealed that the two reagents modified the identical set of five lysyl residues (Lys-263, Lys-329, Lys-367, Lys-409, and Lys-410), in which Lys-367 was most prominently modified. The ratios of the amounts of labels incorporated into these residues were similar for the two reagents. Furthermore, linear relationships were observed between the residual activities and the amounts of incorporation into each lysyl residue. We conclude that the five lysyl residues are located at or near the UDP-Glc(UTP)-binding site of potato tuber UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase and that the modification of these residues occurs in a mutually exclusive manner, leading to the inactivation of the enzyme.

Chronic or intractable medical problems associated with prolonged exposure to unsuspected harmful environmental electric, magnetic or electro-magnetic fields radiating in the bedroom or workplace and their exacerbation by intake of harmful light and heavy metals from common sources

Unsuspected prolonged exposure to abnormal environmental (very high frequency) electro-magnetic fields (EMF), electric fields (EF) or magnetic fields (MF) at 60 Hz or 16K Hz in the bedroom or workplace may contribute to the development of various intractable medical problems. Most of the clinical symptoms appear when the individuals are exposed to EMF for many hours a day for at least several months to 1-year for relatively benign diseases or symptoms (such as intractable pain or medical problems), or several to over 10 years for more serious diseases (such as cancers of the digestive system or other organs), all of which seem to appear with the additional co-existence of micro-circulatory disturbances with Thromboxane B2 (TXB2), bacterial or viral infections and decrease or absence of acetylcholine, and lead, mercury, or aluminum deposits, with or without asbestos. These abnormal environmental EMF's or EF's can be detected by the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, which has good correlation with standard laboratory measurement, especially with EF measurement, and the distribution of EMF often includes a linear band-like appearance on the abnormal part of the patient's body, as well as on the patient's corresponding area of the bed, or at the workplace. These EMF's can be eliminated either by a metal sheet, acting as a reflector, which redirects the harmful EMF or eliminates it completely by grounding the metal sheet at high frequency range, while extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields at the near field are more difficult to eliminate. Several examples of medical problems that appear to be associated with repeated and prolonged exposure to abnormal environmental EMF, EF or MF are summarized in this article. EF or MF-induced abnormalities were artificially and reversibly created in humans by exposing the extremities or head to a 10Volt/Meter (V/M) EF at 60 Hz about 33 (evening) to 50 cm (daytime or after midnight) from a pair of rubber insulated wires connected to an AC source, but where no current is passed, so that no extra MF exists. After exposing normal parts of the extremities and head to a 10 V/M EF for 5 minutes, abnormal increase of TXB2 and disappearance or significant reduction of acetylcholine was observed for 5 minutes, and slightly longer abnormal time duration was observed in those who have aluminum, lead, or mercury deposits. This indicates that the upper limit of relatively safe EF should be around 10V/M at 60 Hz rather than 25V/M at ELF by Swedish Government recommendation, which is now widely accepted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Accurate localization of organ representation areas of the tongue, using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test: its clinical application, and re-evaluation of classical Oriental tongue diagnosis--Part I

In spite of the importance of tongue diagnosis in Oriental Medicine, a very rough assignment of only a limited number of the major internal organs is known, and some of the assignments are not exactly the same, depending upon various schools of thought. In 1980, the author first developed a simple, quick, non-invasive, accurate method of localizing representation areas of internal organs, using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Molecular Identification Method based on the resonance phenomena between 2 identical substances or tissues, with a microscope slide of a specific internal organ as a reference control substance. The method was applied to the organ representation areas in the ears, hands, feet, cerebral cortex, and tongue. In this article for the first time detailed organ representation areas of the human tongue are being presented in comparison with currently known organ representation areas on the tongue. For convenience, the tongue can be divided into 3 parts: the anterior, the middle, and the posterior. On each side of the anterior part (1st part, area around the tip) of the tongue, the internal organs in the chest cavity are represented; from the mid-line to each side of the tip of the tongue, the oesophagus, thymus gland, lung (and trachea & bronchi), heart, and breast (over heart area) are represented. The middle (2nd) part of the tongue represents the digestive system, and the 3rd part represents the genito-urinary system. The 2nd part of the tongue represents the rectum, colon, cecum, appendix, small intestine, stomach, pancreas, liver, and gall bladder. The 2nd and 3rd parts of the tongue represent all the internal organs in the abdominal cavities and the genito-urinary area. The remaining one-third of the tongue, near the pharynx, is all related to the genito-urinary system with the exception of the spleen, which is located between the kidney and the adrenal gland representation areas. Within the triangular area formed by the sulcus terminalis, the anus is represented on both sides. Finally, at the peak of that triangle, i.e. the foramen cecum, the coccyx is represented. Extremities are represented at the sides of the tongue. The undersurface of the tongue starting from the tip of the tongue in the mid-line and going towards the root of the tongue along the frenulum in the mouth represents one kind of homunculus consisting of the neck, face, head, ears, upper & lower extremities and back of the body.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

[Studies on stress analysis of laminate veneers]

The stress distributions in the laminate veneers under the two kinds of loadings are analyzed numerically by use of FEM in order to make clear the defects of various enamel preparations and Young's modulus of laminate shell materials in restored teeth. The analytical results are summarized as follows, 1) In both cases of two loading conditions under in this study, the stress distribution in restored teeth varied much with Young's modulus of laminate shell materials. 2) Especially in the case of thin enamel preparation in marginal light-chamber configuration, the higher tensile stress is obtained under the higher Young's modulus in the resin cement layer near the labio-gingival margin. 3) When the high load is applied normal to the incisal edge, considering each material strength, however what kind of laminate shell materials are used, the restored teeth is quite within the bounds of possibility for exploration in facio-gingival region or fracture in vicinity of loading points.

Storing of qi gong energy in various materials and drugs (qi gongnization): its clinical application for treatment of pain, circulatory disturbance, bacterial or viral infections, heavy metal deposits, and related intractable medical problems by selectively enhancing circulation and drug uptake

In the process of evaluating the effects of external Qi Gong on inanimate substances by the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, Qi Gong energy was shown to have a polarity which the author designated for convenience sake (+) or (-), where (+) increases the strength of muscles and (-) weakens them. Depending upon how external Qi Gong is applied and from which part of the body it emanates, the polarity changes. In general, it was found that, when (+) polarity is applied to the painful area or spastic muscles or arteries in vaso-constriction it often reduced or eliminated the pain, spastic muscles or circulatory disturbances. The author succeeded in storing part of the Qi Gong energy in inanimate materials, such as papers, metals (such as a sheet of aluminum foil), glass, stone, band-aids, clothes, drugs, etc. in bi-polar (one end of the same material becomes (+) polarity and the other end of the same material becomes (-) polarity) form in one material or uni-polar, i.e., the entire material either has pure (+) polarity or (-) polarity. Water, EPA, vitamins, antibiotics and other drugs were also converted to (+) polarity. When the material has a bi-polar state, it becomes possible to eliminate one of the polarities by applying certain changing electrical fields. The effect of placing (+) polarity Qi Gong energy stored material was compared with direct application of the Qi Gong on pain, spastic muscle and spastic vertebral arteries. The therapeutic effects of these 2 methods were quite similar for the identical time duration but a more predictable effect was often obtained in the former. As our previous study indicates that acupuncture, electrical stimulation (1-3 pulses/sec.), as well as Qi Gong not only improved the microcirculatory disturbance and relaxed spastic muscles and vaso-constrictive arteries but also reduced or eliminated the pain and also selectively enhanced drug uptake to the area where drugs could not be delivered due to existing circulatory disturbances, by placing (+) Qi Gong stored material, such as a sheet of paper or aluminum foil, band-aid or clothes. Bi- Digital O-Ring Test evaluation indicated that not only did it produce all the beneficial effects of Qi Gong but also enhanced the drug uptake selectively in the area where it is necessary for the drug to be delivered for effective treatment, and reduced lead deposits in tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)