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The maize transcription factor CCT regulates drought tolerance by interacting with Fra a 1, E3 ligase WIPF2, and auxin response factor Aux/IAA8. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:103-122. [PMID: 37725963 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants are commonly exposed to abiotic stressors, which can affect their growth, productivity, and quality. Previously, the maize transcription factor ZmCCT was shown to be involved in the photoperiod response, delayed flowering, and quantitative resistance to Gibberella stalk rot. In this study, we demonstrate that ZmCCT can regulate plant responses to drought. ZmCCT physically interacted with ZmFra a 1, ZmWIPF2, and ZmAux/IAA8, which localized to the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo in a yeast two-hybrid screen in response to abiotic stress. Notably, ZmCCT recruits ZmWIPF2 to the nucleus, which has strong E3 self-ubiquitination activity dependent on its RING-H2 finger domain in vitro. When treated with higher indole-3-acetic acid/abscisic acid ratios, the height and root length of Y331-ΔTE maize plants increased. Y331-ΔTE plants exhibited increased responses to exogenously applied auxin or ABA compared to Y331 plants, indicating that ZmCCT may be a negative regulator of ABA signalling in maize. In vivo, ZmCCT promoted indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in ZmCCT-overexpressing Arabidopsis. RNA-sequencing and DNA affinity purification-sequencing analyses showed that ZmCCT can regulate the expression of ZmRD17, ZmAFP3, ZmPP2C, and ZmARR16 under drought. Our findings provide a detailed overview of the molecular mechanism controlling ZmCCT functions and highlight that ZmCCT has multiple roles in promoting abiotic stress tolerance.
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MoJMJD6, a Nuclear Protein, Regulates Conidial Germination and Appressorium Formation at the Early Stage of Pathogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 39:361-373. [PMID: 37550982 PMCID: PMC10412966 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.12.2022.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
In plant-pathogen interactions, Magnaporthe oryzae causes blast disease on more than 50 species of 14 monocot plants, including important crops such as rice, millet, and most 15 recently wheat. M. oryzae is a model fungus for studying plant-microbe interaction, and the main source for fungal pathogenesis in the field. Here we report that MoJMJD6 is required for conidium germination and appressorium formation in M. oryzae. We obtained MoJMJD6 mutants (ΔMojmjd6) using a target gene replacement strategy. The MoJMD6 deletion mutants were delayed for conidium germination, glycogen, and lipid droplets utilization and consequently had decreased virulence. In the ΔMojmjd6 null mutants, global histone methyltransferase modifications (H3K4me3, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, and H3K36me2/3) of the genome were unaffected. Taken together, our results indicated that MoJMJD6 function as a nuclear protein which plays an important role in conidium germination and appressorium formation in the M. oryzae. Our work provides insights into MoJMJD6-mediated regulation in the early stage of pathogenesis in plant fungi.
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Transcriptome analysis of two soybean cultivars identifies an aluminum respon-sive antioxidant enzyme GmCAT1. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1394-1400. [PMID: 32180505 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1740970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant defense system involved in the tolerance of soybean (Glycine max) to aluminum (Al) stress. Physiological assays showed that the amount of superoxide free radicals (O2 -), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower in an Al-resistant soybean cultivar (cv. PI416937) than in an Al-sensitive soybean cultivar (cv. Huachun18). Comparative analysis of microarray data from both genotypes following Al-stress treatment revealed that the expression of a series of antioxidant enzymes genes was induced in the Al-resistant cultivar. The quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay showed that the transcript levels of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, including GmCAT1, GmPOD1, GmGST1, GmAPX, GmGSH1, and GmSOD, were higher in the Al-resistant cultivar than in the Al-sensitive cultivar in Al-stress conditions. Furthermore, GmCAT1-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants had improved tolerance to Al-stress and lower O2 -, H2O2, and MDA contents than wild-type plants. Therefore, providing evidence that the antioxidant defense system is essential for Al tolerance in soybean. ABBREVIATIONS Al: aluminum; O2 -: superoxide free radicals; ROS: reactive oxygen species; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; MDA: malondialdehyde; qRT-PCR: quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; GO: gene ontology; WT: wild type; MS medium: Murashige and Skoog medium.
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Determination of Clopidol Residues in Chicken Tissues by Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.4.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Eighteen laboratories participated in a collaborative study on the determination of clopidol residues in chicken muscle tissues by liquid chromatography. Of these, results from 16 laboratories which rigorously followed the method were subjected to statistical analysis. The method performance was assessed by all participants using 14 samples of chicken muscle fortified at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 mg/kg. In addition, 9 participants each reported results for 6 clopidol-incurred samples in chicken muscle. Test portions were extracted with acetonitrile, and the extracts were purified with alumina and anion exchange resin solid-phase extraction cartridges in sequence. Clopidol was separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and quantified at 270 nm. Average recoveries ranged from 81.8 to 85.4%, reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSDR) ranged from 11.9 to 22.6%, and repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) ranged from 9.9 to 15.1%. For clopidol-incurred samples at concentrations of 0.100–0.687 mg/kg, the mean determination value range was 0.099–0.659 mg/kg; RSDR was 12.6–19.8%, RSDr was 3.1–8.5%; and HORRAT values were 0.7–1.1. The accuracy and precision of the method are in conformity with the requirements specified by AOAC INTERNATIONAL. The method was adopted Official First Action in April 2003.
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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus alleviates alfalfa leaf spots caused by Phoma medicaginis revealed by RNA-seq analysis. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 130:547-560. [PMID: 31310670 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS One of the major limitations to the production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is the fungus Phoma medicaginis, which infects alfalfa and causes leaf spots. This study aims to understand alfalfa's response to P. medicaginis infection, the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) and the effect of AMF on plant-pathogen interactions. METHODS AND RESULTS Transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in alfalfa infected by P. medicaginis and colonized by AMF Rhizophagus intraradices. AMF ameliorated the effects of P. medicaginis infection on alfalfa by reducing leaf spot incidence and disease index by 39·48 and 56·18% respectively. Inoculation with pathogen and AMF induced the activity of defence pathways, including peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase activities and jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid concentration. Plants showed differential expression of P. medicaginis resistance-related genes, including genes belonging to pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, chitinase activity, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and photosynthesis. Inoculation with AMF led to changes in the expression of genes involved in PR proteins, chitinase activity, phenylalanine metabolism and photosynthesis. CONCLUSION The physiological and transcriptional changes caused by P. medicaginis infection in non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal alfalfa provides crucial information for understanding AMF's association with pathogenic systems. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study showed that AMF alleviated alfalfa leaf spots demonstrating that AMF can serve as a biocontrol strategy for alfalfa disease management.
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Amantadine Surface-Modified Silver Nanorods Improves Immunotherapy of HIV Vaccine Against HIV-Infected Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28494-28501. [PMID: 30085647 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface modifications can endow nanomaterials with presupposed immunoregulatory functions to optimize vaccine-induced immune responses. In this work, we modified an immunoregulatory molecule, amantadine (Ada), on the outermost layer of PVP-PEG-coated silver nanorods (Ada-PVP-PEG silver nanorods). Such Ada surface-modified silver nanorods promote HIV vaccine-triggered cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) to produce around eightfold stronger tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in vivo. The enhancement of HIV-specific CTL-derived TNF-α significantly facilitates the death of HIV-infected cells (from 28.86 to 84.19%) and reduces HIV production (around sixfold). This work supports the critical role of surface modifications of nanomaterials in fundamentally improving the immunotherapy of HIV vaccine against HIV-infected cells.
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Comparison of manual and automatic processing of biological samples for electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:570-577. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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AtCNGC2 is involved in jasmonic acid-induced calcium mobilization. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:809-19. [PMID: 26608645 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+)) mobilization is a central theme in various plant signal transduction pathways. We demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 (AtCNGC2) is involved in jasmonic acid (JA)-induced apoplastic Ca(2+) influx in Arabidopsis epidermal cells. Ca(2+) imaging results showed that JA can induce an elevation in the cytosolic cAMP concentration ([cAMP]cyt), reaching a maximum within 3 min. Dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP), a cell membrane-permeable analogue of cAMP, induced an increase in the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]cyt), with a peak at 4 min. This [Ca(2+)]cyt increase was triggered by the JA-induced increase in [cAMP]cyt. W-7[N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide], an antagonist of calmodulin, positively modulated the JA-induced increase in [Ca(2+)]cyt, while W-5[N-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide], an inactive antagonist of calmodulin, had no apparent effect. db-cAMP and JA positively induced the expression of primary (i.e. JAZ1 and MYC2) and secondary (i.e. VSP1) response genes in the JA signalling pathway in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana, whereas they had no significant effect in the AtCNGC2 mutant 'defense, no death (dnd1) plants. These data provide evidence that JA first induces the elevation of cAMP, and cAMP, as an activating ligand, activates the AtCNGC2 channel, resulting in apoplastic Ca(2+) influx through AtCNGC2.
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The Over Polluted Water Quality Assessment of Weihe River Based on Kernel Density Estimation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Increased longevity and metabolic correction following syngeneic BMT in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Bone Marrow Transplant 2011; 47:1235-40. [PMID: 22179554 PMCID: PMC4465813 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2011.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by deficiency of the glycosidase α-L-iduronidase (IDUA). Deficiency of IDUA leads to lysosomal accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) heparan and dermatan sulfate and associated multi-systemic disease, the most severe form known as Hurler syndrome. Since 1981, the treatment of Hurler patients has often included allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from a matched donor. However, mouse models of the disease were not developed until 1997. To further characterize the MPS I mouse model and to study the effectiveness of BMT in these animals, we engrafted a cohort (n=33) of 4–8 week-old Idua−/− animals with high levels (88.4 ± 10.3%) of wild-type donor marrow. Engrafted animals displayed an increased lifespan, preserved cardiac function, partially restored IDUA activity in peripheral organs, and decreased GAG accumulation in both peripheral organs and in the brain. However, levels of GAG and GM3 ganglioside in the brain remained elevated in comparison to unaffected animals. Since these results are similar to those observed in Hurler patients following BMT, this murine transplantation model can be used to evaluate the effects of novel, more effective methods of delivering IDUA to the brain as an adjunct to BMT.
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Copper and zinc uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) grown in Baiyin region. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2001; 67:83-90. [PMID: 11381316 DOI: 10.1007/s001280094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2001] [Accepted: 04/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Accumulation of Cd and Pb in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in calcareous soil irrigated with wastewater. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2001; 66:748-754. [PMID: 11353377 DOI: 10.1007/s001280072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2001] [Accepted: 04/12/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Reaction mechanism of N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine with vanadium(IV) in the weakly acidic medium. Talanta 2000; 52:785-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(00)00404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/1999] [Revised: 02/23/2000] [Accepted: 02/24/2000] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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[Progress of study of experimental diabetes and its chronic complications treated by traditional Chinese medicine]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG XI YI JIE HE ZA ZHI ZHONGGUO ZHONGXIYI JIEHE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED TRADITIONAL AND WESTERN MEDICINE 2000; 20:634-6. [PMID: 11789198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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The effects of classic antipsychotic haloperidol plus the extract of ginkgo biloba on superoxide dismutase in patients with chronic refractory schizophrenia. Chin Med J (Engl) 1999; 112:1093-6. [PMID: 11721446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the association between schizophrenic symptoms and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and to investigate the effect of classic antipsychotic haloperidol plus the extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) on SOD. METHODS In 54 patients with chronic refractory schizophrenia, 27 were treated with haloperidol plus EGb (group 1), and the rest received haloperidol plus placebo (group 2). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels of these patients were measured before and after treatment and compared with the levels of 25 healthy volunteers. Therapeutic efficacy was equated with a change in clinical rating scores assessed by standardized measurement tools including the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). RESULTS Patients in group 1 improved significantly as demonstrated by scores from both SAPS and SANS, while those in group 2 only by scores from SANS. Assessed by SAPS, the response of patients receiving haloperidol plus EGb was more significant than those receiving haloperidol only. SOD levels before treatment in all patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls. After treatment, SOD levels decreased significantly in group 1 but not in group 2. In addition, before treatment, SOD levels in all patients correlated significantly with SAPS score. The levels of SOD measured before treatment were also correlated with the improvement of patients as measured by SAPS and SANS after 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS EGb may enhance the efficacy of classic antipsychotic haloperidol on schizophrenia, especially on positive symptoms. It may work through an antioxidant efficacy that is involved in the therapeutic mechanism.
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Determination of lead by selective chelatometric titration with HEDTA after separation as its sulphate by an improved method of precipitation. Talanta 1990; 37:1021-4. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(90)80144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/1989] [Revised: 03/15/1990] [Accepted: 04/12/1990] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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A study of electrodes used in controlled-potential electrolysis of metal ions. Talanta 1990; 37:677-81. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(90)80093-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/1988] [Revised: 11/18/1989] [Accepted: 01/22/1990] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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[Preparation of the berberine field effect transistor sensor]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1987; 22:545-8. [PMID: 3450156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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On population aging in China. CHINA POPULATION NEWSLETTER 1986; 3:7-13. [PMID: 12341380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Rapid and selective chelatometric titration of aluminium in non-ferrous alloys. Talanta 1985; 32:1119-24. [PMID: 18963965 DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(85)80235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/1984] [Revised: 07/30/1985] [Accepted: 08/08/1985] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A rapid chelatometric method for the determination of Al (4-20%) in magnesium, copper and chromium-aluminium-iron alloys is proposed. HEDTA is used as titrant and Zn solution as back-titrant, with hydrazidazol as indicator. Mn(II), Cu(II), Cd, Zn, Pb, Co(II), Ni, Hg(II), Fe(III), Bi, Cr(III), Sb(III), Ce(III), La, Sn(IV), Ti(IV), Zr and Mo(VI) do not interfere. High selectivity is achieved by a combination of group separation, masking and interference correction. The coefficient of variation varies from 0.2 to 1%.
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