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Dos Santos WL, Medina-Ramos A, Greenwood J, Pôrto KC, Pinheiro F, Stark LR. Understanding desiccation tolerance and sex-specific responses in Bryum argenteum: insights from phenological phases and physiological analyses. Ann Bot 2024:mcae071. [PMID: 38702965 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Desiccation tolerance (DT) is crucial for survival in arid environments, where organisms develop strategies in reproduction, maintenance, and defense to cope with water scarcity. Therefore, investigating the relationship between reproduction and DT is essential to understand the ecology and adaptive strategies of species. This study explores the connection between the development of male and female gametangia in the moss Bryum argenteum and the decrease in DT during the progression of phenological phases in gametangia and protonema. METHODS Samples collected from a dry tropical forest in Brazil were cultivated, cloned, and subjected to desiccation. Subsequently, the physiological parameters of shoots and protonemata were analysed. Shoot and protonema regeneration were monitored for 28 days after the physiological analyses. Both phases were subjected to control and desiccation treatments. KEY RESULTS Significant effects of desiccation and sex on the physiological parameters and regeneration capacity of shoots and protonemata were found. Male shoots generally exhibited lower values in Fv/Fm, and ϕPSII, while females demonstrated higher values and better recovery after desiccation. Protonemata also showed variation in Fv/Fm over time and sex, with no significant differences in ϕPSII between them. Desiccated male shoots had higher mortality rates and produced fewer new shoots. Regarding the females, the regeneration patterns varied between the desiccation-exposed groups and the control, with decreased shoot production, and some protonemata growing into filaments without forming shoots. CONCLUSION These findings improve our understanding of bryophytes ecological responses to desiccation stress and provide insights into their adaptive strategies in challenging environments, such as the possible rarity of males in dioicous mosses populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Luiz Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Biology Institute, Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Andrea Medina-Ramos
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, U.S.A
| | - Joshua Greenwood
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, U.S.A
| | - Kátia Cavalcanti Pôrto
- Biosciences Center, Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Moraes Rego Av., s/n, Recife, PE 50670- 901, Brazil
| | - Fábio Pinheiro
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Biology Institute, Department of Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Lloyd R Stark
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, U.S.A
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Liu S, Zheng J. Adaptive strategies based on shrub leaf-stem anatomy and their environmental interpretations in the eastern Qaidam Basin. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:323. [PMID: 38658848 PMCID: PMC11040798 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water stress seriously affects the survival of plants in natural ecosystems. Plant resistance to water stress relies on adaptive strategies, which are mainly based on plant anatomy with following relevant functions: (1) increase in water uptake and storage; (2) reduction of water loss; and (3) mechanical reinforcement of tissues. We measured 15 leaf-stem anatomical traits of five dominant shrub species from 12 community plots in the eastern Qaidam Basin to explore adaptive strategies based on plant leaf-stem anatomy at species and community levels. and their relationship with environmental stresses were tested. RESULTS Results showed that the combination of leaf-stem anatomical traits formed three types of adaptive strategies with the drought tolerance of leaf and stem taken as two coordinate axes. Three types of water stress were caused by environmental factors in the eastern Qaidam Basin, and the established adaptive strategy triangle could be well explained by these environmental stresses. The interpretation of the strategic triangle was as follows: (1) exploitative plant strategy, in which leaf and stem adopt the hydraulic efficiency strategy and safety strategy, respectively. This strategy is mostly applied to plants in sandy desert (i.e., Nitraria tangutorum, and Artemisia sphaerocephala) which is mainly influenced by drought stress; (2) stable plant strategy, in which both leaf/assimilation branches and stem adopt hydraulic safety strategy. This strategy is mostly applied to plants in salty desert (i.e., Kalidium foliatum and Haloxylon ammodendron) which aridity has little effect on them; and (3) opportunistic plant strategy, in which leaf and stem adopt hydraulic safety strategy and water transport efficiency strategy. This strategy is mostly applied to plants in multiple habitats (i.e., Sympegma regelii) which is mainly affected by coldness stress. CONCLUSION The proposed adaptive strategy system could provide a basis for elucidating the ecological adaptation mechanism of desert woody plants and the scientific management of natural vegetation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingming Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Farhadi A, Tang S, Huang M, Yu Q, Xu C, Li E. Identification of key overlapping DEGs and molecular pathways under multiple stressors in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2023; 48:101152. [PMID: 37918170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The identification of key genes and molecular pathways that are involved in the response to stressors is crucial for controlling stress in fish and sustainable aquaculture. Environmental stressors can induce stress responses in aquatic animals, resulting in compromised immune function, inhibited growth, and increased mortality rates. mRNA-seq analysis provides a powerful tool to identify key genes and pathways associated with stress response. In the present study, mRNA-seq analysis was employed to identify key overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular pathways under salinity, nitrite, copper, and pH stress in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The pathways associated with the immune response, oxygen transport, homeostasis, and oxidative stress were enriched across all stressors. The top KEGG pathways were complement and coagulation cascades, PPAR signaling pathway, and cardiac muscle contraction. The top GO enrichment terms were oxidoreductase activity, aerobic respiration, endopeptidase inhibitor activity, endopeptidase regulator activity, heme binding, and iron ion binding. The complement genes (C3, C4, C5, factor B, and factor H), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), hemoglobin subunit epsilon (HBE), hemoglobin subunit alpha (HBA), coagulation factor genes (XI and X) and the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) gene family (cox1, cox2, cox3, cytochrome P450) were identified as key shared genes across multiple stressors. The discovery of these genes and molecular pathways provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the stress response in Nile tilapia. The results of the present study can facilitate the development of stress management strategies in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Farhadi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Shangshang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Maoxian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qiuran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Amiri S, Puillet L, Huau C, Fassier T, Rupp R, Friggens NC. Analysis of reproduction success, growth and milk trajectories and response to nutritional challenge in two Alpine goat lines selected on divergent longevity. Animal 2023; 17:101004. [PMID: 37944363 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate whether the variation in reproduction success, growth, and milk trajectories is associated with different adaptive strategies in the short term (response to an acute nutritional challenge), using two Alpine goat lines. A total of 382 Alpine goats (179 low longevity (low_LGV) and 203 high longevity (high_LGV)), selected for divergent functional longevity from a commercial population, were monitored for 4 years and recorded for BW, reproduction and milking performance. Every year, an average of fifty primiparous goats were exposed to a 2-d nutritional challenge in early lactation. A polynomial model was used to analyse the lifetime trajectory of lactation and BW. A piecewise model was used to analyse the individual milk yield and responses of milk components to the nutritional challenges. The statistical analysis revealed that the two lines had a similar performance for total milk yield in the first lactation, BW at birth and at first kidding, litter size and weight, kidding interval and interval from the first insemination to conception. BW trajectories revealed that low_LGV goats had a greater BW in pregnancy but then lost more weight in early lactation compared to high_LGV goats, which showed a greater BW after kidding. Milk trajectories showed that the high_LGV goats had a higher initial milk yield, an earlier but less marked lactation peak and more persistency in milk production in late lactation than low_LGV goats. Except for milk protein content, quite similar response and recovery profiles of milk yield and milk fat content were observed during the challenge for both lines. The response to the challenge was positively correlated to the initial level of milk production in early lactation but negatively correlated with milk production decline after the peak. This finding suggests that the low_LGV goats were more adapted to allocate resources to meet an expected physiological change such as gestation and lactation. However, high_LGV goats allocate more than low_LGV goats for structural mass and may better cope with an unexpected environmental change such as nutritional deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amiri
- UMR 0791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L Puillet
- UMR 0791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France
| | - C Huau
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - T Fassier
- UE P3R Bourges, domaine de Bourges, INRAE, Osmoy F-31326, France
| | - R Rupp
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France.
| | - N C Friggens
- UMR 0791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005 Paris, France
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Iqbal U, Rehman FU, Aslam MU, Gul MF, Farooq U, Ameer A, Asghar N, Mehmood A, Ahmad KS. Survival tactics of an endangered species Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal to arid environments. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1363. [PMID: 37874418 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Withania coagulans is a valuable medicinal plant with high demand, but its wild growth and local usage pose a threat to its natural habitat. This study aims to understand the plant's growth, anatomy, and physiology in different environmental conditions to aid in conservation and re-vegetation efforts. Fifteen differently adapted populations of Withania coagulans were collected from diverse ecological regions, viz., (i) along the roadside, (ii) hilly areas, (iii) barren land, and (iv) wasteland to unravel the adaptive mechanisms that are responsible for their ecological success across heterogenic environments of Punjab, Pakistan. The roadside populations had high values of photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins, root endodermis thickness, stem and leaf cortical thickness, and its cell area. The populations growing in hilly areas showed better growth performance such as vigorous growth and biomass production. Additionally, there was enhanced accumulation of organic osmolytes (glycine betaine and proline), chlorophyll content (chl a/b), and enlarged epidermal cells, cortical cells, vascular bundles, metaxylem vessels, and phloem region in roots. In case of stem area, epidermal thickness, cortical thickness, vascular bundle, and pith area showed improved growth. However, the barren land population showed significant increase in carotenoid contents, vascular bundle area, and metaxylem area in roots, and xylem vessels and phloem area in stems and leaves. The wasteland population surpassed the rest of the populations in having greater root dry weight, higher shoot ionic contents, increased root area, thick cortical, and vascular bundle area in roots. Likewise, cortical thickness and its cell area, and pith area in stems, whereas large vascular bundles, phloem region, and high stomatal density were recorded in leaves. Subsequently, natural populations showed the utmost behavior related to tissue organization and physiology in response to varied environmental conditions that would increase the distribution and survival of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummar Iqbal
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Ur Rehman
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usama Aslam
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Gul
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Amina Ameer
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Naila Asghar
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, AJK, Pakistan
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Ramírez-León A, Avila-Foucat VS, Ezzine-de-Blas D. The historical trajectory of a coffee agri-food system: A case study in Oaxaca, Mexico. Ambio 2023:10.1007/s13280-023-01893-6. [PMID: 37490227 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Agri-food social-ecological systems (AFSES) embrace complex interactions and processes of food production, processing, and commercialization that are subject to constant changes. This study develops a heuristic approach using the adaptive cycle (AC) and a transformation potential measure to identify the historical trajectory of a coffee AFSES at a watershed scale in Copalita, Mexico, over 40 years from 1980 to 2020. Primary information was collected through semistructured interviews. The results show that the system interactions depend on economic, social, and environmental stressors and shocks affecting different temporal and spatial scales. The cumulative effects of driving forces and adaptive strategies have influenced the system to not complete the AC phases. Additionally, the results show that some adaptive strategies can become new stressors with time. Driving forces, adaptive strategies, tipping points, trade-offs and interactions within the AFSES could be identified as the main aspects defining system resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ramírez-León
- Postgraduate of Sustainability Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Oriente 163 Número 234, Col. Campestre Aragón, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07530, Mexico City, México.
| | - Veronique Sophie Avila-Foucat
- Economics Research Institute and National Coastal Resilience Laboratory, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Mario de la Cueva, Ciudad de la Investigación en Humanidades, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Driss Ezzine-de-Blas
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier, France
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Li YD, Si MR, Jiang SG, Yang QB, Jiang S, Yang LS, Huang JH, Zhou FL. First transcriptome profiling in gill and hepatopancrease tissues of Metapenaeus ensis in response to acute ammonia-N stress. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023:108926. [PMID: 37406893 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The greasyback shrimp, Metapenaeus ensis, suffers from ammonia-N stress during intensive factory aquaculture. Optimizing ammonia-N stress tolerance has become an important issue in M. ensis breeding. The metabolic and adaptive mechanisms of ammonia-N toxicity in M. ensis have not been comprehensively understood yet. In this study, a large number of potential simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the transcriptome of M. ensis were identified. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the gill and hepatopancreas at 24 h post-challenges under high concentrations of ammonia-N treatment were detected. We obtained 20,108,851-27,681,918 clean reads from the control and high groups, assembled and clustered a total of 103,174 unigenes with an average of 876 bp and an N50 of 1189 bp. Comparative transcriptome analyses identified 2000 different expressed genes in the gill and 2010 different expressed genes in the hepatopancreas, a large number of which were related to immune function, oxidative stress, metabolic regulation, and apoptosis. The results suggest that M. ensis may counteract ammonia-N toxicity at the transcriptome level by increasing the expression of genes related to immune stress and detoxification metabolism, and that selected genes may serve as molecular indicators of ammonia-N. By exploring the genetic basis of M. ensis' ammonia-N stress adaptation, we constructed the genetic networks for ammonia-N adaptation. These findings will accelerate the understanding of M. ensis' ammonia-N adaptation, contribute to the research of future breeding, and promote the level of factory aquaculture of M. ensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572018, China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Meng-Ru Si
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Qi-Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572018, China.
| | - Song Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Li-Shi Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572018, China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, China.
| | - Fa-Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572018, China; Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, 518121, China.
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de Moura Brito Júnior V, de Magalhães HF, Albuquerque UP. Perception of health risks in contexts of extreme climate change in semiarid Northeastern Brazil: an analysis of the role of socioeconomic variables. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2023; 19:24. [PMID: 37303045 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global climate change poses a significant challenge in contemporary society, particularly affecting vulnerable populations like small farmers residing in arid and semiarid regions. This study aims to investigate the perception of health risks and adaptive responses in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil (NEB). Four questions were formulated: (1) How do socioeconomic factors influence the perception of health risks during extreme climate events? (2) How do socioeconomic factors impact the adoption of adaptive responses to mitigate health risks during extreme weather events? (3) How does the perceived risk level affect the utilization of adaptive responses? (4) What is the influence of extreme climate events on the perceived risks and the adoption of adaptive responses? METHOD The research was conducted in the rural community of Carão, situated in the Agreste region of the State of Pernambuco, NEB. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 49 volunteers aged 18 and above. The interviews aimed to gather socioeconomic information, including sex, age, income, access to healthcare services, family size, and education level. Additionally, the interviews explored the perceived risks and responses employed during different extreme climate events such as droughts or heavy rainfall. The perceived risks and adaptive responses data were quantified to address the research questions. Generalized linear models were employed to analyze the data for the first three questions, while the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used for the fourth question. RESULTS The study found no significant differences in the level of perceived risk and adaptive responses between the two climate extremes. However, the quantity of adaptive responses was found to be directly influenced by the perceived risks, regardless of the type of extreme climate event. CONCLUSION The study concludes that risk perception is influenced by various complex factors, including socioeconomic variables, and plays a critical role in the adoption of adaptive responses during extreme climate events. The findings suggest that specific socioeconomic variables have a more pronounced influence on how individuals perceive and adapt to risks. Furthermore, the results indicate a cause-and-effect relationship between perceived risks and the generation of adaptive responses. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the factors shaping risk perception and provide valuable insights for future studies in regions prone to extreme climate events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdir de Moura Brito Júnior
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos (LEA), Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Henrique Fernandes de Magalhães
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos (LEA), Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos (LEA), Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Farhadi A, Tang S, Huang M, Yu Q, Xu C, Li E. Identification of key immune and stress related genes and pathways by comparative analysis of the gene expression profile under multiple environmental stressors in pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 135:108695. [PMID: 36935045 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water salinity, pH, and nitrite concentration are considered environmental factors affecting the growth rate, survival, health, and physiological conditions of aquatic animals. The identification of key genes that are involved in the response to environmental stressors is essential for controlling stress in aquatic animals and sustainable aquaculture. In this study, RNA sequencing was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and biological pathways that are involved in the response of the hepatopancreas to environmental stressors, including low salinity stress, nitrite stress, low pH stress, and high pH stress. The DEGs were enriched in biological pathways related to immune response, energy metabolism, oxidative stress response, hemostasis, and enzymatic activity of the hepatopancreas. In addition to the identification of DEGs related to each stressor, some DEGs were found to be expressed among all groups. The most important overlapping DEGs under multiple stressors were juvenile hormone esterase-like protein 2 (JHE-like), myosin light chain, C-type lectin 2, myosin-9-like, anti-lipopolysaccharide factor 1 (ALF-1), peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme An oxidase 1-like (ACX1), hepatic lectin-like, venom phosphodiesterase 2-like, hemolymph clottable protein-like (CP), cathepsin L, and Ras-like protein 2. The results of the present study provide additional information regarding the transcriptional response of the hepatopancreas to low salinity, nitrite, low pH, and high pH stress. Moreover, the discovery of several overlapping DEGs among different stressors provided a better understanding of the molecular function of the hepatopancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Farhadi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Shangshang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Maoxian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Qiuran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Lima JF, Boanares D, Costa VE, Moreira ASFP. Do photosynthetic metabolism and habitat influence foliar water uptake in orchids? Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:257-267. [PMID: 36546714 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Epiphytic and rupicolous plants inhabit environments with limited water resources. Such plants commonly use Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM), a photosynthetic pathway that accumulates organic acids in cell vacuoles at night, so reducing their leaf water potential and favouring water absorption. Foliar water uptake (FWU) aids plant survival during drought events in environments with high water deficits. We hypothesized that FWU represents a strategy employed by epiphytic and rupicolous orchids for water acquisition and that CAM will favour increased water absorption. We examined 6 epiphyte, 4 terrestrial and 6 rupicolous orchids that use C3 (n = 9) or CAM (n = 7) pathways. Five individuals per species were used to evaluate FWU, structural characteristics and leaf water balance. Rupicolous species with C3 metabolism had higher FWU than other species. FWU (Cmax and k) could be related to succulence, SLM and leaf RWC. The results indicated that high orchid leaf densities favoured FWU, as area available for water storage increases with leaf density. Structural characteristics linked to water storage (e.g. high RWC, succulence), on the other hand, could limit leaf water absorption by favouring high internal leaf water potentials. Epiphytic, rupicolous and terrestrial orchids showed FWU. Rupicolous species had high levels of FWU, probably through absorption from mist. However, succulence in plants with CAM appears to mitigate FWU.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Lima
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - D Boanares
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Belém, Brazil
| | - V E Costa
- Instituto de Biociências, Centro de Isótopos Estáveis Prof. Dr. Carlos Ducatti, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - A S F P Moreira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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11
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Huang P, Hameed R, Abbas M, Balooch S, Alharthi B, Du Y, Abbas A, Younas A, Du D. Integrated omic techniques and their genomic features for invasive weeds. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:44. [PMID: 36680630 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-00971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Many emerging invasive weeds display rapid adaptation against different stressful environments compared to their natives. Rapid adaptation and dispersal habits helped invasive populations have strong diversity within the population compared to their natives. Advances in molecular marker techniques may lead to an in-depth understanding of the genetic diversity of invasive weeds. The use of molecular techniques is rapidly growing, and their implications in invasive weed studies are considered powerful tools for genome purposes. Here, we review different approach used multi-omics by invasive weed studies to understand the functional structural and genomic changes in these species under different environmental fluctuations, particularly, to check the accessibility of advance-sequencing techniques used by researchers in genome sequence projects. In this review-based study, we also examine the importance and efficiency of different molecular techniques in identifying and characterizing different genes, associated markers, proteins, metabolites, and key metabolic pathways in invasive and native weeds. Use of these techniques could help weed scientists to further reduce the knowledge gaps in understanding invasive weeds traits. Although these techniques can provide robust insights about the molecular functioning, employing a single omics platform can rarely elucidate the gene-level regulation and the associated real-time expression of weedy traits due to the complex and overlapping nature of biological interactions. We conclude that different multi-omic techniques will provide long-term benefits in launching new genome projects to enhance the understanding of invasive weeds' invasion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Rashida Hameed
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Manzer Abbas
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sidra Balooch
- Institute of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Badr Alharthi
- Department of Biology, University College of Al Khurmah, Taif University, PO. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yizhou Du
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Computer Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adeel Abbas
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Afifa Younas
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wang L, Rao Q, Su H, Ruan L, Deng X, Liu J, Chen J, Xie P. Linking the network topology of plant traits with community structure, functioning, and adaptive strategies of submerged macrophytes. Sci Total Environ 2022; 850:158092. [PMID: 35985576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant trait network analysis can calculate the topology of trait correlations and clarify the complex relationships among traits, providing new insights into ecological topics, including trait dimensions and phenotypic integration. However, few studies have focused on the relationships between network topology and community structure, functioning, and adaptive strategies, especially in natural submerged macrophyte communities. In this study, we collected 15 macrophyte community-level traits from 12 shallow lakes in the Yangtze River Basin in the process of eutrophication and analyzed the changes in trait network structure (i.e., total phosphorus, TP) by using a moving window method. Our results showed that water TP significantly changed the topology of trait networks. Specifically, under low or high nutrient levels, the network structure was more dispersed, with lower connectance and higher modularity than that found at moderate nutrient levels. We also found that network connectance was positively correlated with community biomass and homeostasis, while network modularity was negatively correlated with community biomass and homeostasis. In addition, modules and hub traits also changed with the intensity of eutrophication, which can reflect the trait integration and adaptation strategies of plants in a stressful environment. At low or high nutrient levels, more modules were differentiated, and those modules with higher strength were related to community nutrition. Our results clarified the dynamics of community structure and functioning from a new perspective of plant trait networks, which is key to predicting the response of ecosystems to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lantian Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qingyang Rao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Haojie Su
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Linwei Ruan
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Xuwei Deng
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Jiarui Liu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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13
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Yu W, Zhang Y, Sang W. Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic reveals metabolic pathway alteration in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) under copper exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 260:109400. [PMID: 35753647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Copper is a trace element that necessary for plant growth in the soil. However, in recent years, due to human activities, the content of copper in soil exceeds the standard seriously, which is threatening the safety of soil animals, plants and even human beings. In this study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of 60 days long-term copper exposure on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) at 67.58 mg/kg, 168.96 mg/kg and 337.92 mg/kg concentration by using transcriptome and metabolomics. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of energy metabolism related genes (LDH, GYS, ATP6N, GAPDH, COX17), immune system related genes (E3.2.1.14) and detoxification related genes (UGT, CYP2U1, CYP1A1) were down-regulated, the expression of antioxidant system related genes (GCLC, HPGDS) were up-regulated in copper exposure experiment of earthworms. Similarly, metabolomics analysis revealed that the expression of energy metabolism related metabolites (Glucose-1-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate), TCA cycle related metabolites (fumaric acid, allantoic acid, malate, malic acid) were down-regulated, digestion and immune system related metabolites (Trehalose-6-phosphate) were up-regulated. Integrating transcriptome and metabolomics data, it was found that higher antioxidant capacity and accelerated TCA cycle metabolism may be an adaptive strategy for earthworms to adapt to long-term copper stress. Collectively, the results of this study will greatly contribute to incrementally understand the stress responses on copper exposure to earthworms and supply molecular level support for evaluating the environmental effects of copper on soil organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; College of Life and Environment Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yanliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; College of Life and Environment Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Weiguo Sang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; College of Life and Environment Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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14
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Yan H, Du W, Feng Z, Yang Y, Xue Z. Exploring adaptive approaches for social-ecological sustainability in the Belt and Road countries: From the perspective of ecological resource flow. J Environ Manage 2022; 311:114898. [PMID: 35305368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The countries along the Belt and Road (B&R) are characterized by fragile ecosystems and underdevelopment economy. International trade usually transferred the eco-environmental negative impacts to developing countries. How to avoid the conflict between economic development and eco-environmental protection is the primary concern of building the Green Silk Road. To discover the adaptive strategies for ensuring the sustainability of the social-ecosystem in countries along the B&R, this study analyzes the supply-consumption relationship of ecological resources by simulating the flow of net primary productivity between the ecosystem and the social system. The results show that: (1) The flow of ecological resources between agricultural and husbandry systems have effectively alleviated the local ecological pressure caused by animal husbandry in countries along the B&R. Animal husbandry in developed countries economize the local ecological resources by importing feed, while mitigating the grazing pressure by utilizing the local crop residues in underdeveloped agricultural countries. (2) International trade not only enables countries with insufficient ecological resources to meet their demands by importing ecological products and thus alleviate ecosystem pressure, but also promotes countries with sufficient ecological resources to transform their resource advantages into economic advantages by exporting without at the expense of ecological sustainability. (3) For underdeveloped countries, the dependence of economic development on ecological resources is at the expense of the living demands of residents, only if the economy could have leap-forward improvement the allocation of ecological resources within the social system would be inclined to living demands. These adaptive approaches not only provide the evidences of ecological-social sustainable development by promoting the reasonable flow and allocation of ecological resources, but also imply the necessary assistance for the underdeveloped countries to guarantee the basic human well-being in economic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yan
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenpeng Du
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhiming Feng
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhichao Xue
- School of International Economics and Management, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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15
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Zhu J, Cao Y, He W, Xu Q, Xu C, Zhang X. Leaf functional traits differentiation in relation to covering materials of urban tree pits. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:556. [PMID: 34814837 PMCID: PMC8609817 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the ecological strategies of urban trees to the urban environment is crucial to the selection and management of urban trees. However, it is still unclear whether urban tree pit cover will affect plant functional traits. Here, we study the response of urban trees to different tree pit covers, analyzed the effects of different cover types on soil properties and their trade-off strategies based on leaf functional traits. RESULTS We found that there were obvious differences in the physical properties of the soil in different tree pit covers. Under the different tree pit cover types, soil bulk density and soil porosity reached the maximum under cement cover and turf cover, respectively. We found that tree pit cover significantly affected the leaf properties of urban trees. Leaf thickness, chlorophyll content index and stomatal density were mainly affected by soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity in a positive direction, and were affected by soil total porosity and capillary porosity in a negative direction. Leaf dry matter content and stomata area were mainly negatively affected by soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity, and positively affected by soil total porosity and capillary porosity. Covering materials of tree pits promoted the functional adjustment of plants and form the best combination of functions. CONCLUSION Under the influence of tree pit cover, plant have low specific leaf area, stomata density, high leaf thickness, chlorophyll content index, leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and stomata area, which belong to "quick investment-return" type in the leaf economics spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyou Zhu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weijun He
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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16
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Palmberg L, Rantalainen T, Rantakokko M, Karavirta L, Siltanen S, Skantz H, Saajanaho M, Portegijs E, Rantanen T. The Associations of Activity Fragmentation With Physical and Mental Fatigability Among Community-Dwelling 75-, 80-, and 85-Year-Old People. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:e103-e110. [PMID: 32614396 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue related to task standardized by duration and intensity, termed fatigability, could manifest as shortening of activity bouts throughout the day causing daily activity to accumulate in a more fragmented pattern. Our purpose was to study the association of activity fragmentation with physical and mental dimensions of fatigability. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 485 community-dwelling 75-, 80-, and 85-year-old people using a thigh-worn accelerometer for 3-7 days. Activity fragmentation was studied as Active-to-Sedentary Transition Probability for 2 operational definitions of physical activity: accelerations equivalent to at least light physical activity and for upright posture. Physical fatigability was assessed as perceived exertion fatigability, performance fatigability severity, and with the Physical Fatigue Subscale of the Situational Fatigue Scale. Mental fatigability was assessed with the Mental Fatigue Subscale of the Situational Fatigue Scale and as a decrease in perceived mental alertness after a 6-minute walk test. RESULTS Higher activity fragmentation was associated with higher self-reported physical fatigability, perceived exertion fatigability, and performance fatigability severity, independent of total activity minutes (β = 0.13-0.33, p < .05 for all). Higher activity fragmentation was not associated with mental fatigability in the fully adjusted models. The associations with fatigability indices were similar for both activity fragmentation indicators. Associations of activity fragmentation and performance fatigability severity were similar also among those with the highest intensity-based physical activity volume. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide support that studying fragmented activity patterns can be useful in identifying those at risk for high fatigability, even among those with relatively high physical activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Palmberg
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Merja Rantakokko
- JAMK University of Applied Sciences, School of Health and Social Studies, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Laura Karavirta
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sini Siltanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heidi Skantz
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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17
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Li Y, Niu D, Wu Y, Dong Z, Li J. Integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data to evaluate responses to hypersalinity stress in the gill of the razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta). Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2021; 38:100793. [PMID: 33513539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is an important ecological factor that affects physiological metabolism, survival, and distribution of marine organisms. Despite changes in the osmolarity and composition of the cytosol during salinity shifts, marine mollusks are able to maintain their metabolic function. The razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) survives the wide range of salinity in the intertidal zone via changes in behavior and physiology. To explore the stress responses and mechanisms of salinity tolerance in razor clams, we collected transcriptomic and metabolomic data from a control group (salinity 20‰, S20) and a salinity-stress group (salinity 35‰, S35). The transcriptome data showed that genes related to the immune system, cytoskeleton remodeling, and signal transduction pathways dominated in the S35 group to counteract hypersalinity stress in the gill. The metabolomic analysis showed that 142 metabolites were significantly different between the S35 and S20 groups and that amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism were affected by hypersalinity stress. Levels of amino acids and energy substances, such as l-proline, isoleucine, and fructose, were higher in the gill of the S35 group. The combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids was enhanced in the gill during adaptation to high salinity. These results clarified the complex physiological processes involved in the response to hyperosmotic stress and maintenance of metabolism in the gill of razor clams. These findings provide a reference for further study of the biological responses of euryhaline shellfish to hyperosmotic stress and a molecular basis for the search for populations with high salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Donghong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Yinghan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhiguo Dong
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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18
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Michelaki C, Fyllas NM, Galanidis A, Aloupi M, Evangelou E, Arianoutsou M, Dimitrakopoulos PG. Adaptive flammability syndromes in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation, captured by alternative resource-use strategies. Sci Total Environ 2020; 718:137437. [PMID: 32325621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fire affects and is affected by leaf functional traits indicative of resource allocation trade-offs. Global change drivers constrain both the resource-use strategies and flammability of coexisting species. However, small attention has been given in identifying links among flammability and plant economics. Ambiguity comes from the fact that flammability is a multidimensional trait. Different flammability attributes (i.e. ignitibility, sustainability, combustibility and consumability) have been used to classify species, but no widely-accepted relationships exist between attributes. We hypothesised that flammability is a spectrum (defined by its four attributes) and the alternative flammability syndromes of coexisting species can be captured by their resource-use strategies. Furthermore, we argue that flammability syndromes are adaptive strategies that ensure persistence in the post-fire community. We conducted a large-scale study to estimate all flammability attributes on leaves from nine, dominant, thermo-Mediterranean species with alternative resource-use and fire-response strategies across a wide environmental and geographic gradient. We assessed the interdependence among attributes, and their variation across ecological scales (genus, species, individual, site and region). Furthermore, we collected 10 leaf functional traits, conducted a soil study and extracted long-term climatological data to quantify their effect on flammability attributes. We found that leaf flammability in thermo-Mediterranean vegetation is a continuous two-dimensional spectrum. The first dimension, driven by leaf shape and size, represents heat release rate (combustibility vs. sustainability), while the second, controlled by leaf economics, presents ignition delay and total heat release (i.e. consumability). Alternative flammability syndromes can increase fitness in fire-prone communities by offering qualitative differences in survival or reproduction. Trade-offs and constraints that control the distribution of resource-use strategies across environmental gradients appeared to drive leaf flammability syndromes as well. Tying the flammability spectrum with resource allocation trade-offs on a global scale can help us predict future ecosystem properties and fire regimes and illustrate evolutionary constraints on flammability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi Michelaki
- Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Lesbos, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos M Fyllas
- Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Lesbos, Greece
| | - Alexandros Galanidis
- Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Lesbos, Greece
| | - Maria Aloupi
- Water and Air Quality Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Lesbos, Greece
| | | | - Margarita Arianoutsou
- Department of Ecology and Systematics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Panayiotis G Dimitrakopoulos
- Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Lesbos, Greece
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19
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Domingo E, Soria ME, Gallego I, de Ávila AI, García-Crespo C, Martínez-González B, Gómez J, Briones C, Gregori J, Quer J, Perales C. A new implication of quasispecies dynamics: Broad virus diversification in absence of external perturbations. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 82:104278. [PMID: 32165244 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RNA genetic elements include many important animal and plant pathogens. They share high mutability, a trait that has multiple implications for the interactions with their host organisms. Here we review evidence of a new adaptive feature of RNA viruses that we term "broadly diversifying selection". It constitutes a new type of positive selection without participation of any external selective agent, and which is built upon a progressive increase of the number of different genomes that dominate the population. The evidence was provided by analyses of mutant spectrum composition of two important viral pathogens, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) after prolonged replication in their respective cell culture environment. Despite being fueled by mutations that arise randomly and in absence of an external guiding selective force, this type of selection prepares the viral population for a response to selective forces still to occur. Since current evidence suggests that broadly diversifying selection is favored by elevated mutation rates and population sizes, it may constitute a more general behavior, relevant also to the adaptive dynamics of microbial populations and cancer cells.
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Boanares D, Jovelina da-Silva C, Mary Dos Santos Isaias R, Costa França MG. Oxidative metabolism in plants from Brazilian rupestrian fields and its relation with foliar water uptake in dry and rainy seasons. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 146:457-462. [PMID: 31821930 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In an altitudinal Brazilian ecosystem, fog is a frequent event in both the dry and rainy seasons. The drought stress is aggravated in the dry season due to elevated evaporative demand and this constraint can induce oxidative stress in plants. In this ecosystem, there are plants which present different foliar water uptake (FWU) capacities - species that absorb less water more quickly (LQ) and those that absorb more water more slowly (MS). In this study, the relationship between oxidative stress responses and the different FWU strategies was evaluated in dry and rainy seasons. The oxidative stress was assessed by H2O2 production and lipid peroxidation as well as by the antioxidant enzymes system as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). During the dry season, plants had higher oxidative stress compared to rainy season plants which exhibited moderate oxidative damage. The FWU strategies were closely related to oxidative stress responses, since the LQ species presented the higher H2O2 content and oxidative defense system. Contrastingly, it was found that MS species have the lowest values of H2O2 and less SOD, CAT and APX activities. However, the lipid peroxidation did not present any relation with FWU strategies. Altogether results revealed that plants, which present MS strategy, are more adapted to cope with the higher H2O2 concentrations generated in the dry season and drought stress events than those that present LQ strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Boanares
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Xiao J, Li QY, Tu JP, Chen XL, Chen XH, Liu QY, Liu H, Zhou XY, Zhao YZ, Wang HL. Stress response and tolerance mechanisms of ammonia exposure based on transcriptomics and metabolomics in Litopenaeus vannamei. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 180:491-500. [PMID: 31121556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia, one of the major limiting environment factors in aquaculture, may pose a threat to the shrimp growth, reproduction and survival. In this study, to understand molecular differences of transcriptomic and metabolomic responses and investigate the tolerance mechanisms underlying ammonia stress in Litopenaeus vannamei, ammonia-tolerant family (LV-AT) and ammonia-sensitive family (LV-AS) of these two extreme families were exposed to high-concentration (NH4Cl, 46 mg/L) ammonia for 24 h. The comparative transcriptome analysis between ammonia-treated and control (LV-C) groups revealed involvement of immune defense, cytoskeleton remodeling, antioxidative system and metabolic pathway in ammonia-stress response of L. vannamei. Likewise, metabolomics analysis showed that ammonia exposure could disturb amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and lipid metabolism, with metabolism related-genes changed according to RNA-seq analysis. The comparison of metabolite and transcript profiles between LV-AT and LV-AS indicated that LV-AT used the enhanced glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle strategies for energy supply and ammonia excretion to adapt high-concentration ammonia. Furthermore, some of genes involved in the detoxification and ammonia excretion were highly expressed in LV-AT. We speculate that the higher ability of ammonia excretion and detoxification and the accelerated energy metabolism for energy supplies might be the adaptive strategies for LV-AT relative to LV-AS after ammonia stress. Collectively, the combination of transcriptomics and metabolomics results will greatly contribute to incrementally understand the stress responses on ammonia exposure to L. vannamei and supply molecular level support for evaluating the environmental effects of ammonia on aquatic organisms. The results further constitute new sights on the potential molecular mechanisms of ammonia adaptive strategies in shrimps at the transcriptomics and metabolomics levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qiang-Yong Li
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China, PR China
| | - Jia-Peng Tu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiu-Li Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China, PR China
| | - Xiao-Han Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China, PR China
| | - Qing-Yun Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yun Zhou
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi, Nanning, 530021, China, PR China.
| | - Huan-Ling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
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Abstract
The main objective of this research was to propose a framework centred on the dynamic capabilities approach, and to be applied in the context of family businesses' adaption to their changing business environment. Data were gathered through interviews with ten FBs operating in Western Australia. Based on the findings, the clusters of activities, sensing, seizing, and transforming emerged as key factors for firms' adaptation, and were reinforced by firms' open culture, signature processes, idiosyncratic knowledge, and valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable attributes. Thus, the usefulness of the proposed framework was confirmed. Implications and future research opportunities are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Duarte Alonso
- Liverpool Business School, Liverpool John Moores University, Redmonds Building Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L3 5UG UK
- School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Dr., Joondalup, 6027 WA Australia
| | - Seng Kok
- Liverpool Business School, Liverpool John Moores University, Redmonds Building Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L3 5UG UK
| | - Michelle O’Shea
- School of Business, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 2571 Australia
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Bryce CM, Wilmers CC, Williams TM. Energetics and evasion dynamics of large predators and prey: pumas vs. hounds. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3701. [PMID: 28828280 PMCID: PMC5563439 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of fine-scale movement, performance, and energetics of hunting by large carnivores is critical for understanding the physiological underpinnings of trophic interactions. This is particularly challenging for wide-ranging terrestrial canid and felid predators, which can each affect ecosystem structure through distinct hunting modes. To compare free-ranging pursuit and escape performance from group-hunting and solitary predators in unprecedented detail, we calibrated and deployed accelerometer-GPS collars during predator-prey chase sequences using packs of hound dogs (Canis lupus familiaris, 26 kg, n = 4-5 per chase) pursuing simultaneously instrumented solitary pumas (Puma concolor, 60 kg, n = 2). We then reconstructed chase paths, speed and turning angle profiles, and energy demands for hounds and pumas to examine performance and physiological constraints associated with cursorial and cryptic hunting modes, respectively. Interaction dynamics revealed how pumas successfully utilized terrain (e.g., fleeing up steep, wooded hillsides) as well as evasive maneuvers (e.g., jumping into trees, running in figure-8 patterns) to increase their escape distance from the overall faster hounds (avg. 2.3× faster). These adaptive strategies were essential to evasion in light of the mean 1.6× higher mass-specific energetic costs of the chase for pumas compared to hounds (mean: 0.76 vs. 1.29 kJ kg-1 min-1, respectively). On an instantaneous basis, escapes were more costly for pumas, requiring exercise at ≥90% of predicted [Formula: see text] and consuming as much energy per minute as approximately 5 min of active hunting. Our results demonstrate the marked investment of energy for evasion by a large, solitary carnivore and the advantage of dynamic maneuvers to postpone being overtaken by group-hunting canids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb M. Bryce
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
- Botswana Predator Conservation Trust, Maun, Botswana
| | - Christopher C. Wilmers
- Center for Integrated Spatial Research, Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
| | - Terrie M. Williams
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
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Dai M, Lu H, Liu W, Jia H, Hong H, Liu J, Yan C. Phosphorus mediation of cadmium stress in two mangrove seedlings Avicennia marina and Kandelia obovata differing in cadmium accumulation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 139:272-279. [PMID: 28161586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems are vulnerable to environmental threats. In order to elucidate the effect of phosphorus (P) on cadmium (Cd) tolerance and physiological responses in mangroves under Cd stress, a mangrove specie with salt exclusion Kandelia obovata and a specie with salt secretion Avicennia marina were compared in a hydroponic experiment. The results showed that most Cd was accumulated in mangrove roots and that P addition induced Cd immobilisation in them. Cd stress significantly increased malonaldehyde content, whereas P significantly decreased malonaldehyde in mangroves. Phosphorus positively regulated the photosynthetic pigment, proline content and synthesis of non-protein thiols, glutathione and phytochelatins in the leaves under Cd stress conditions. The results suggest different adaptive strategies adopted by two mangroves in a complex environment and A. marina showed a stronger Cd tolerance than K. obovata. The study provides a theoretical basis for P mediated detoxification of Cd in mangrove plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Dai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Glibert PM. Margalef revisited: A new phytoplankton mandala incorporating twelve dimensions, including nutritional physiology. Harmful Algae 2016; 55:25-30. [PMID: 28073538 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Building on the classic depiction of the progression from a diatom to a dinoflagellate bloom as a function of nutrients and turbulence, known as the "Margalef mandala", a new conceptual model or mandala is presented here. The new mandala maps twelve response or effects traits, or environmental characteristics, related to different phytoplankton functional types: (1) relative preference for chemically reduced vs chemically oxidized forms of nitrogen; (2) relative availability of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus; (3) adaptation to high vs low light and the tendency to be autotrophic vs mixotrophic; (4) cell motility; (5) environmental turbulence; (6) pigmentation quality; (7) temperature; (8) cell size; (9) relative growth rate; (10) relative production of bioactive compounds such as toxins or reactive oxygen species (ROS); (11) r vs K strategy; and (12) fate of the production in terms of grazing. The new mandala serves to highlight the differences and trade-offs between traits and/or environmental conditions, and illustrates some traits tend to track each other, a concept that may be helpful in trait-based modeling approaches and in understanding environmental factors associated with harmful algal blooms. It is hoped that this new mandala captures some of our recent insight into phytoplankton physiology and functional traits, and has contemporary relevance in light of anthropogenic changes in nutrient form and ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Glibert
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Laboratory, P.O. Box 775, Cambridge, MD 21613, USA; Zhejiang University, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, China.
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Subba P, Kumar R, Gayali S, Shekhar S, Parveen S, Pandey A, Datta A, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Characterisation of the nuclear proteome of a dehydration-sensitive cultivar of chickpea and comparative proteomic analysis with a tolerant cultivar. Proteomics 2013; 13:1973-92. [PMID: 23798506 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Water deficit or dehydration hampers plant growth and development, and shrinks harvest size of major crop species worldwide. Therefore, a better understanding of dehydration response is the key to decipher the regulatory mechanism of better adaptation. In recent years, nuclear proteomics has become an attractive area of research, particularly to study the role of nucleus in stress response. In this study, a proteome of dehydration-sensitive chickpea cultivar (ICCV-2) was generated from nuclei-enriched fractions. The LC-MS/MS analysis led to the identification of 75 differentially expressed proteins presumably associated with different metabolic and regulatory pathways. Nuclear localisation of three candidate proteins was validated by transient expression assay. The ICCV-2 proteome was then compared with that of JG-62, a tolerant cultivar. The differential proteomics and in silico analysis revealed cultivar-specific differential expression of many proteins involved in various cellular functions. The differential tolerance could be attributed to altered expression of many structural proteins and the proteins involved in stress adaptation, notably the ROS catabolising enzymes. Further, a comprehensive comparison on the abiotic stress-responsive nuclear proteome was performed using the datasets published thus far. These findings might expedite the functional determination of the dehydration-responsive proteins and their prioritisation as potential molecular targets for better adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratigya Subba
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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