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He Y, Huang X, Zhang E. Social power modulates individuals' neural responses to monetary and social rewards. Brain Cogn 2024; 177:106167. [PMID: 38704903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Although previous research has shown that social power modulates individuals' sensitivity to rewards, it is currently unclear whether social power increases or decreases individuals' sensitivity to rewards. This study employed event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the effects of social power on individuals' neural responses to monetary and social rewards. Specifically, participants underwent an episodic priming task to manipulate social power (high-power vs. low-power) and then completed monetary and social delayed incentive tasks while their behavioral responses and electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded. According to ERP analysis, during the anticipatory stage, low-power individuals exhibited a greater cue-P3 amplitude than high-power individuals in both monetary and social tasks. In the consummatory stage, though no impact of social power on the reward positivity (RewP) was found, low-power individuals showed a higher feedback-P3 (FB-P3) amplitude than high-power individuals, regardless of task types (the MID and SID tasks). In conclusion, these results provide evidence that social power might decrease one's sensitivity to monetary and social rewards in both the anticipatory and consummatory stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying He
- Institute of Cognition, Brain & Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoyang Huang
- Institute of Cognition, Brain & Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Entao Zhang
- Institute of Cognition, Brain & Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
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2
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Liang CW, Lin PR, Chang C, Zeng JY, Chan YY, Hung FC. Money versus thumbs up: Effort expenditure for rewards in schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 80:103378. [PMID: 36495731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Xu M, Zhang J, Li Z. Social exclusion modulates neural dynamics of monetary and social reward processing in young adult females. Biol Psychol 2022; 171:108344. [PMID: 35523363 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that social exclusion increases one's sensitivity to monetary and social rewards. However, whether and how social exclusion modulates the neural dynamics of reward processing remains unknown. The current study aimed to address this gap by systematically investigating the differential influences of social exclusion on various stages of monetary and social reward processing. Forty-five female participants were recruited, and the Cyberball game was used to manipulate social exclusion. To disentangle the anticipatory and consummatory stages of monetary and social reward processing, we recorded event-related potentials during two incentive delay tasks, one with a monetary reward and one with a social reward. The results showed that during the anticipatory stage, a larger contingent negative variation was observed for the exclusion group than for the inclusion group, regardless of reward type. During the consummatory stage, although the reward-related positivity was larger in the exclusion group than in the inclusion group, this difference was only observed for the social, and not monetary, reward feedback. These findings advance our understanding of the relationship between social exclusion and reward processing and suggest that while social exclusion might exert comparable enhancement effect for monetary and social reward processing during the anticipatory stage, it exerts a specific enhancement effect for social reward processing during the consummatory stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Xu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China.
| | - Junhua Zhang
- College of Eastern Languages and Cultures, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiai Li
- Department of Applied Psychology, College of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Gill H, Gill B, Lipsitz O, Rodrigues NB, Cha DS, El-Halabi S, Mansur RB, Rosenblat JD, Cooper DH, Lee Y, Nasri F, McIntyre RS. The impact of overweight/obesity on monetary reward processing: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:456-464. [PMID: 33798972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Converging evidence suggests abnormalities in monetary reward processing may underlie the shared pathophysiology between major depressive disorder and obesity. As such, there is a need to parse deficits in specific subcomponents of monetary reward functioning (i.e., valuation, learning and anticipation). METHODS PsycINFO, Google Scholar and PubMed databases were searched for English-language articles published between database inception to June 6th, 2020. Studies were identified using the following medical search heading (MeSH) terms and search strings: (reward (valuation OR motivation OR anticipation OR learning OR functioning OR decision-making OR reinforcement)) AND ((obesity OR overweight OR obese). RESULTS Findings were reviewed from 11 studies evaluating the association between obesity and monetary reward processing. Four studies found significant differences in reward learning in individuals with obesity compared to normal-weight participants. Five studies found body mass index (BMI) to be predictive of willingness to expend effort (i.e., valuation) for a monetary reward. Three studies found changes in neural activations in the ventral striatum during anticipatory phases preceding receipt of a monetary reward in participants with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Participants with obesity demonstrated significantly poorer performance in task-based measures of reward learning, valuation, and anticipation, resulting in lower monetary reward outcomes across all studies compared to healthy controls. Notably, participants with obesity and comorbid depression performed worse than participants with no comorbid depression. LIMITATIONS There persists heterogeneity between studies with regards to inclusion of mood disorder populations and exclusion of psychiatric comorbidities in groups with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartej Gill
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Barjot Gill
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Orly Lipsitz
- Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - Danielle S Cha
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sabine El-Halabi
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua Daniel Rosenblat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel H Cooper
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Flora Nasri
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Koelewijn T, Zekveld AA, Lunner T, Kramer SE. The effect of monetary reward on listening effort and sentence recognition. Hear Res 2021; 406:108255. [PMID: 33964552 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently we showed that higher reward results in increased pupil dilation during listening (listening effort). Remarkably, this effect was not accompanied with improved speech reception. Still, increased listening effort may reflect more in-depth processing, potentially resulting in a better memory representation of speech. Here, we investigated this hypothesis by also testing the effect of monetary reward on recognition memory performance. Twenty-four young adults performed speech reception threshold (SRT) tests, either hard or easy, in which they repeated sentences uttered by a female talker masked by a male talker. We recorded the pupil dilation response during listening. Participants could earn a high or low reward and the four conditions were presented in a blocked fashion. After each SRT block, participants performed a visual sentence recognition task. In this task, the sentences that were presented in the preceding SRT task were visually presented in random order and intermixed with unfamiliar sentences. Participants had to indicate whether they had previously heard the sentence or not. The SRT and sentence recognition were affected by task difficulty but not by reward. Contrary to our previous results, peak pupil dilation did not reflect effects of reward. However, post-hoc time course analysis (GAMMs) revealed that in the hard SRT task, the pupil response was larger for high than low reward. We did not observe an effect of reward on visual sentence recognition. Hence, the current results provide no conclusive evidence that the effect of monetary reward on the pupil response relates to the memory encoding of speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Koelewijn
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Ear & Hearing, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9713GZ, the Netherlands; Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Adriana A Zekveld
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Ear & Hearing, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Lunner
- Eriksholm Research Centre, Snekkersten, Denmark; Department of Electrical Engineering, Hearing Systems, Hearing Systems group, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark; Division of Technical Audiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sophia E Kramer
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Ear & Hearing, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Aldridge-Waddon L, Vanova M, Munneke J, Puzzo I, Kumari V. Atypical social reward anticipation as a transdiagnostic characteristic of psychopathology: A meta-analytic review and critical evaluation of current evidence. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 82:101942. [PMID: 33160160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several psychopathologies (e.g. schizophrenia spectrum conditions, autism spectrum disorders) are characterised by atypical interpersonal and social behaviour, and there is increasing evidence to suggest this atypical social behaviour is related to adjusted behavioural and neural anticipation of social rewards. This review brings together social reward anticipation research in psychopathology (k = 42) and examines the extent to which atypical social reward anticipation is a transdiagnostic characteristic. Meta-analyses of anticipatory reaction times revealed that, in comparison to healthy controls, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum conditions are associated with significantly reduced behavioural anticipation of social rewards. The pooled meta-analysis of anticipatory reaction times found that the full clinical sample demonstrated significant social reward hypoanticipation in comparison to the healthy control group with a medium effect size. A narrative synthesis of meta-analytically ineligible behavioural data, self-report data, and neuroimaging studies complemented the results of the meta-analysis, but also indicated that bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and sexual addiction disorders may be associated with social reward hyperanticipation. The evaluation of existing evidence suggests that future research should better account for factors that affect reward anticipation (e.g. gender, psychotropic medication) and highlights the importance of using stimuli other than happy faces as social rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Aldridge-Waddon
- Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK.
| | - Martina Vanova
- Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - Jaap Munneke
- Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - Ignazio Puzzo
- Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - Veena Kumari
- Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
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7
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Yu M, Liu T, Shi J. Food is discounted more steeply than money: Evidence from N2 and P3 responses in delay discounting tasks. Neuropsychologia 2020; 142:107469. [PMID: 32305301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In decision making, different rewards such as money and food may lead to different behavioral outcomes and neural dynamics. In this study, we used event-related potential (ERP) techniques and delay discounting tasks with money and snacks as rewards to determine whether there are differences in behavior and neurophysiology across the two tasks. The results showed that participants not only behaved differently but also showed different neural patterns in the money and snack tasks. In particular, at the behavioral level, participants discounted snacks more than money. At the neural level, the N2 amplitudes in the snack task were more negative than those in the money task. It was also discovered that for females, the amplitudes of P3 in the snack task were larger than those in money, while there was no difference for males. The current study showed the essential roles of frontal cognitive control function during varied delay discounting processes on money and food rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tongran Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jiannong Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Department of Learning and Philosophy, Aalborg University, Denmark
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8
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Michielse S, Lange I, Bakker J, Goossens L, Verhagen S, Papalini S, Wichers M, Lieverse R, Schruers K, van Amelsvoort T, van Os J, Murray GK, Marcelis M. Reward anticipation in individuals with subclinical psychotic experiences: A functional MRI approach. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:1374-1385. [PMID: 31685359 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous research in patients with psychotic disorder has shown widespread abnormalities in brain activation during reward anticipation. Research at the level of subclinical psychotic experiences in individuals unexposed to antipsychotic medication is limited with inconclusive results. Therefore, brain activation during reward anticipation was examined in a larger sample of individuals with subclinical psychotic experiences (PE). Participants in the PE-group were included based on CAPE scores. A sample of emerging adults aged 16-26 years (n = 47) with PE and healthy controls (HC) (n = 40) underwent fMRI scanning. The Monetary Incentive Delay task was conducted with cues related to win, loss or neutral conditions. fMRI nonparametric tests were used to examine the reward versus neutral cue contrast. A significant main effect of the large win (€3.00) > neutral contrast was found in both groups showing activation in many brain areas, including classic reward regions. Whole brain analysis on the group comparison regarding the large win > neutral contrast showed significantly decreased activation in the right insula, putamen and supramarginal gyrus in the PE-group compared to controls. There was no group difference in the hypothesized reward-related region. Decreased activation in the right insula, putamen and supramarginal gyrus during reward anticipation in individuals with PE may be consistent with altered processing of sensory information, related to decreased emotional valuing and motivational tendencies and/or altered motor-cognitive processes. The absence of group differences in striatal activation suggests that activation here is intact in the earliest stages of psychosis and may exhibit progressive deterioration in as the disease develops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Michielse
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Iris Lange
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jindra Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Goossens
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Verhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Silvia Papalini
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marieke Wichers
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ritsaert Lieverse
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Schruers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Faculty of Psychology, Center for Experimental and Learning Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands; King's Health Partners, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, England; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Graham K Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Machteld Marcelis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Ait Oumeziane B, Schryer-Praga J, Foti D. "Why don't they 'like' me more?": Comparing the time courses of social and monetary reward processing. Neuropsychologia 2017; 107:48-59. [PMID: 29104079 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Humans possess a strong tendency towards social affiliation and interpersonal interaction. Yet, we know far less about how rewards in one's social environment affect functioning as we do with other types of rewards, presumably due to the inherent complexity of measuring social phenomena in laboratory settings. Here, we adapted a social reward paradigm (social incentive delay [SID]) for use in event-related potential (ERP) research, enabling a direct comparison of social and monetary reward processing. We found that social and monetary rewards elicit comparable ERP latencies and scalp topographies across several processing stages (reward cue, outcome anticipation, and outcome evaluation), highlighting the possibility of a common neural network. We also found evidence of latent reward sensitivity, as analogous monetary and social ERPs were correlated and associations were uniquely driven by reward signals. The SID is a promising and viable paradigm that is capable of disentangling multiple stages of social reward processing. The capacity to measure social processes will be critical as we broaden efforts to incorporate multiple contexts in reward sensitivity, which will enable us to gain important new insights into human functioning and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dan Foti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, United States
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10
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Childs E, Astur RS, de Wit H. Virtual reality conditioned place preference using monetary reward. Behav Brain Res 2017; 322:110-114. [PMID: 28108321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Computerized tasks based on conditioned place preference (CPP) methodology offer the opportunity to study learning mechanisms involved in conditioned reward in humans. In this study, we examined acquisition and extinction of a CPP for virtual environments associated with monetary reward ($). Healthy men and women (N=57) completed a computerized CPP task in which they controlled an avatar within a virtual environment. On day 1, subjects completed 6 conditioning trials in which one room was paired with high $ and another with low $. Acquisition of place conditioning was assessed by measuring the time spent in each room during an exploration test of the virtual environments and using self-reported ratings of room liking and preference. Twenty-four hours later, retention and extinction of CPP were assessed during 4 successive exploration tests of the virtual environments. Participants exhibited a place preference for (spent significantly more time in) the virtual room paired with high $ over the one paired with low $ (p=0.015). They also reported that they preferred the high $ room (p<0.001) and liked it significantly more than the low $ room (p<0.001). However, these preferences were short-lived: 24h later subjects did not exhibit a behavioral or subjective preference for the high $ room. These findings show that individuals exhibit transient behavioral and subjective preferences for a virtual environment paired with monetary reward. Variations on this task may be useful to study mechanisms and brain substrates involved in conditioned reward and to examine the influence of drugs upon appetitive conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Childs
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, 1601 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Robert S Astur
- University of Connecticut, Department of Psychological Sciences, 406 Babbidge Road, Unit 1020, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA
| | - Harriet de Wit
- University of Chicago, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Verdejo-Román J, Fornito A, Soriano-Mas C, Vilar-López R, Verdejo-García A. Independent functional connectivity networks underpin food and monetary reward sensitivity in excess weight. Neuroimage 2016; 146:293-300. [PMID: 27856313 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overvaluation of palatable food is a primary driver of obesity, and is associated with brain regions of the reward system. However, it remains unclear if this network is specialized in food reward, or generally involved in reward processing. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to characterize functional connectivity during processing of food and monetary rewards. Thirty-nine adults with excess weight and 37 adults with normal weight performed the Willingness to Pay for Food task and the Monetary Incentive Delay task in the fMRI scanner. A data-driven graph approach was applied to compare whole-brain, task-related functional connectivity between groups. Excess weight was associated with decreased functional connectivity during the processing of food rewards in a network involving primarily frontal and striatal areas, and increased functional connectivity during the processing of monetary rewards in a network involving principally frontal and parietal areas. These two networks were topologically and anatomically distinct, and were independently associated with BMI. The processing of food and monetary rewards involve segregated neural networks, and both are altered in individuals with excess weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Verdejo-Román
- Institute of Neuroscience F. Olóriz, Red de Trastornos Adictivos and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Center-CIMCYC, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Alex Fornito
- Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain; CIBERSAM, Carlos III Health Institute, Barcelona 08907, Spain; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Raquel Vilar-López
- Institute of Neuroscience F. Olóriz, Red de Trastornos Adictivos and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Center-CIMCYC, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Antonio Verdejo-García
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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12
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Forster SE, Finn PR, Brown JW. A preliminary study of longitudinal neuroadaptation associated with recovery from addiction. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 168:52-60. [PMID: 27620345 PMCID: PMC5086261 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored longitudinal change in event-related brain responses during early recovery from addiction. Moreover, existing findings yield evidence of both increased and decreased signaling within reward and control centers over time. The current study explored reward- and control-related signals in a risky decision-making task and specifically investigated parametric modulations of the BOLD signal, rather than signal magnitude alone. It was hypothesized that risk-related signals during decision-making and outcome evaluation would reflect recovery and that change in specific signals would correspond with improved treatment outcomes. METHODS Twenty-one substance dependent individuals were recruited upon enrollment in community-based substance use treatment programs, wherein they received treatment-as-usual. Participants completed functional neuroimaging assessments at baseline and 3-month follow-up while performing the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Risk- and reward-sensitive signals were identified using parametric modulators. Substance use was tracked throughout the 3-month study interval using the timeline follow-back procedure. RESULTS Longitudinal contrasts of parametric modulators suggested improved formation of risk-informed outcome expectations at follow-up. Specifically, a greater response to high risk (low-likelihood) positive feedback was identified in caudal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and a greater response to low risk (low-likelihood) negative feedback was identified in caudal ACC and inferior frontal gyrus. In addition, attenuation of a ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) "reward-seeking" signal (i.e., increasing response with greater reward) during risky decisions at follow-up was associated with less substance use during the study interval. CONCLUSIONS Changes in risk- and reward-related signaling in ACC/vmPFC appear to reflect recovery and may support sobriety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Forster
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, United States; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | - Peter R Finn
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States
| | - Joshua W Brown
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, United States.
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13
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Abstract
Knowledge of performance can activate the striatum, a key region of the reward system and highly relevant for motivated behavior. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, striatal activity linked to knowledge of performance was measured during the training of a repetitive arc-tracking task. Knowledge of performance was given after a random selection of trials or after good performance. The third group received knowledge of performance after good performance plus a monetary reward. Skill learning was measured from pre- to post- (acquisition) and from post- to 24h posttraining (consolidation). Our results demonstrate an influence of feedback on motor skill learning. Adding a monetary reward after good performance leads to better consolidation and higher ventral striatal activation than knowledge of performance alone. In turn, rewarding strategies that increase ventral striatal response during training of a motor skill may be utilized to improve skill consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Widmer
- University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Cereneo, Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland; Neural Control of Movement Lab, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - N Ziegler
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Held
- University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Cereneo, Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - A Luft
- University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Cereneo, Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - K Lutz
- University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Cereneo, Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland; Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Konova AB, Moeller SJ, Parvaz MA, Froböse MI, Alia-Klein N, Goldstein RZ. Converging effects of cocaine addiction and sex on neural responses to monetary rewards. Psychiatry Res 2016; 248:110-118. [PMID: 26809268 PMCID: PMC4752897 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is some evidence that cocaine addiction manifests as more severe in women than men. Here, we examined whether these sex-specific differences in the clinical setting parallel differential neurobehavioral sensitivity to rewards in the laboratory setting. Twenty-eight (14 females/14 males) cocaine-dependent and 25 (11 females/14 males) healthy individuals completed a monetary reward task during fMRI. Results showed that the effects of cocaine dependence and sex overlapped in regions traditionally considered part of the mesocorticolimbic brain circuits including the hippocampus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), as well as those outside of this circuit (e.g., the middle temporal gyrus). The nature of this 'overlap' was such that both illness and female sex were associated with lower activations in these regions in response to money. Diagnosis-by-sex interactions instead emerged in the frontal cortex, such that cocaine-dependent females exhibited lower precentral gyrus and greater inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activations relative to cocaine-dependent males and healthy females. Within these regions modulated both by diagnosis and sex, lower activation in the hippocampus and PCC, and higher IFG activations, correlated with increased subjective craving during the task. Results suggest sex-specific differences in addiction extend to monetary rewards and may contribute to core symptoms linked to relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Konova
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Scott J Moeller
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Muhammad A Parvaz
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Monja I Froböse
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Rita Z Goldstein
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
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15
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Kube J, Schrimpf A, García-García I, Villringer A, Neumann J, Horstmann A. Differential heart rate responses to social and monetary reinforcement in women with obesity. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:868-79. [PMID: 26871590 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is often accompanied by weight stigmatization; subsequently, individuals with obesity frequently face social rejection. It has been shown that recurrent negative social experiences can alter the perception of social cues. However, the way individuals with obesity process social stimuli is not well understood. This study aims to investigate obesity-related alterations in social compared to nonsocial information processing. Women with obesity (n = 14) and without obesity (n = 14) participated in a social and a monetary incentive delay task in which they anticipated and received positive, negative, and neutral outcomes in the form of faces or money. During the experiment, phasic heart rate changes and reaction times were measured. Women with obesity, compared to lean women, exhibited a stronger differentiation during the anticipation of monetary and social reinforcement, showing slower reaction times to social cues compared to monetary cues. During the outcome processing phase, women with obesity relative to controls demonstrated diminished heart rate responses particularly to negative social outcomes. Interestingly, differences in cardiac responses in participants with obesity were moderated by weight-related teasing experiences. In women with obesity, a higher BMI was associated with blunted cardiac responses to social cues relative to monetary cues only if they reported more emotional pain after weight-related teasing. Our results contribute to a better understanding of social information processing in obesity and give first evidence for the role of negative social experiences in reinforcement processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kube
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,IFB AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Schrimpf
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Arno Villringer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,IFB AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Mind & Brain Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jane Neumann
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,IFB AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,IFB AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Fauth-Bühler M, Zois E, Vollstädt-Klein S, Lemenager T, Beutel M, Mann K. Insula and striatum activity in effort-related monetary reward processing in gambling disorder: the role of depressive symptomatology. Neuroimage Clin 2014; 6:243-51. [PMID: 25379437 PMCID: PMC4215467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The neurobiological underpinnings of effort-related monetary reward processing of gambling disorder have not been previously studied. To date neuroimaging studies lack in large sample sizes and as a consequence less attention has been given to brain reward processing that could potentially be attributed to comorbid conditions such as depressive mood state. We assessed monetary reward processing using an effort-dependent task during 3 tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging. We investigated a large sample of male, right-handed, slot-machine-playing disordered gamblers (DGs; N = 80) as well as age- and smoking-matched male healthy controls (HCs; N = 89). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). DGs and HCs were divided into subgroups ("high" and "low") based on their BDI scores. Effort-related monetary reward processing did not differ between the complete groups of HCs and DGs. Brain activation during receipt of monetary reward though revealed a significant Group × BDI interaction: DGs with higher BDI scores compared to DGs with lower BDI scores showed greater brain activity in the right insula cortex and dorsal striatum while no differences were observed for HCs with higher versus lower BDI scores. Our results suggest that effort-related aspects of monetary motivation, i.e. when monetary output is tied to performance, are not altered in DG. Additionally, our findings strengthen the need for subgroup comparisons in future investigations of the disorder as part of a personalized medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Fauth-Bühler
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Corresponding author.
| | - Evangelos Zois
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tagrid Lemenager
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Beutel
- Kraichtal-Kliniken Am Mühlberg, Kraichtal 76703, Germany
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Kohls G, Thönessen H, Bartley GK, Grossheinrich N, Fink GR, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Konrad K. Differentiating neural reward responsiveness in autism versus ADHD. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2014; 10:104-16. [PMID: 25190643 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain responsiveness to social and monetary reward were studied in ADHD versus ASD. Clinical groups versus TDC had different ventral striatum activation to both rewards. Medial prefrontal overactivation in response to social reward was ADHD specific. Ventral striatal underactivation in response to monetary reward was ASD specific. Fronto-striato-parietal underactivation for money was shared by both clinical groups.
Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) share certain neurocognitive characteristics, it has been hypothesized to differentiate the two disorders based on their brain's reward responsiveness to either social or monetary reward. Thus, the present fMRI study investigated neural activation in response to both reward types in age and IQ-matched boys with ADHD versus ASD relative to typically controls (TDC). A significant group by reward type interaction effect emerged in the ventral striatum with greater activation to monetary versus social reward only in TDC, whereas subjects with ADHD responded equally strong to both reward types, and subjects with ASD showed low striatal reactivity across both reward conditions. Moreover, disorder-specific neural abnormalities were revealed, including medial prefrontal hyperactivation in response to social reward in ADHD versus ventral striatal hypoactivation in response to monetary reward in ASD. Shared dysfunction was characterized by fronto-striato-parietal hypoactivation in both clinical groups when money was at stake. Interestingly, lower neural activation within parietal circuitry was associated with higher autistic traits across the entire study sample. In sum, the present findings concur with the assumption that both ASD and ADHD display distinct and shared neural dysfunction in response to reward.
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18
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Choi WH, Son JW, Kim YR, Oh JH, Lee SI, Shin CJ, Kim SK, Ju G, Lee S, Jo S, Ha TH. An FMRI study investigating adolescent brain activation by rewards and feedback. Psychiatry Investig 2013; 10:47-55. [PMID: 23482680 PMCID: PMC3590430 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2013.10.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the adolescent brain activation patterns in response to performance feedback (PF), social reward (SR) and monetary reward (MR) and their association with psychological factors. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed while middle school boys (n=15) performed tests pertained to PF, SR and MR. The brain activation pattern in each condition was investigated, and the extent of brain activation in each of the three conditions was compared at once. RESULTS The caudate and the dorsal prefrontal area were activated in all three conditions. Furthermore, the cuneus showed significantly greater activation in the PF condition than the SR or MR condition. And the self - related areas, such as the right precentral gyrus and paracenral lobule, were more activated in the SR condition than the PF or MR condition. The left middle frontal gyrus was more activated in the MR condition than the PF or SR condition. CONCLUSION Not only various reward stimuli but also feedback stimulus might commonly activate dorsal prefrontal and subcortical area in adolescents. Moreover, several different brain activation patterns were also observed in each condition. The results of this study could be applied to planning of learning and teaching strategy for adolescents in various ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoung-Rang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheongju Medical Health Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ick Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Jin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sie-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gawon Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbok Lee
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwoo Jo
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyon Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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