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Liao H, Wang F, Lu K, Ma X, Yan J, Luo L, Sun Y, Liang X. Requirement for PINCH in skeletal myoblast differentiation. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 391:205-215. [PMID: 36385586 PMCID: PMC9839796 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PINCH, an adaptor of focal adhesion complex, plays essential roles in multiple cellular processes and organogenesis. Here, we ablated PINCH1 or both of PINCH1 and PINCH2 in skeletal muscle progenitors using MyoD-Cre. Double ablation of PINCH1 and PINCH2 resulted in early postnatal lethality with reduced size of skeletal muscles and detachment of diaphragm muscles from the body wall. PINCH mutant myofibers failed to undergo multinucleation and exhibited disrupted sarcomere structures. The mutant myoblasts in culture were able to adhere to newly formed myotubes but impeded in cell fusion and subsequent sarcomere genesis and cytoskeleton organization. Consistent with this, expression of integrin β1 and some cytoskeleton proteins and phosphorylation of ERK and AKT were significantly reduced in PINCH mutants. However, N-cadherin was correctly expressed at cell adhesion sites in PINCH mutant cells, suggesting that PINCH may play a direct role in myoblast fusion. Expression of MRF4, the most highly expressed myogenic factor at late stages of myogenesis, was abolished in PINCH mutants that could contribute to observed phenotypes. In addition, mice with PINCH1 being ablated in myogenic progenitors exhibited only mild centronuclear myopathic changes, suggesting a compensatory role of PINCH2 in myogenic differentiation. Our results revealed a critical role of PINCH proteins in myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lina Luo
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yunfu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Xingqun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Almalki WH, Alzahrani A, Mahmoud El-Daly MES, Fadel Ahmed ASHF. The emerging potential of SIRT-3 in oxidative stress-inflammatory axis associated increased neuroinflammatory component for metabolically impaired neural cell. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 333:109328. [PMID: 33245927 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
People suffering from conditions like epilepsy, where there is an excess of neuron excitement, stroke, and cardiac arrest, where there are oxygen and glucose deprivation, Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington's disease that causes metabolic and also oxidative stress-inflammatory axis; are known to be more vulnerable to disturbances in the metabolism, and there is a lot of inadequacy in defining the inflammation's mechanistic connections, as well as neurodegeneration and the bioenergetic deficiencies in the CNS. We retrieved relevant studies from PubMed/ScienceDirect/Medline/Public library of science/Mendeley/Springer link as well as Google Scholar. We used various keywords both individually and in combination with the literature search. 'Epidemiology of neurodegenerative disorders', 'neurodegenerative diseases associated hyper inflammation', 'Mechanism of inflammation in neuronal cell', 'Involvement of SIRTin inflammation', 'Pathogenesis of mitochondrial associated metabolic impairment in neurons', 'Reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction' were a few of the keywords used for the search. PINCH, which is a chronic neuro-inflammatory component that cannot be detected in matured neurons which are healthy, though expressed in oxidative stress inflammatory axis related tauopathy and diseases that cause neurodegeneration. We attempted to study the regulatory mechanisms that cause changes in the bioenergetics and its neuronal defects and mitochondrial subcellular localization that are PINCH protein-mediated on the other handSIRT1, the most intensively studied sirtuin, in oxidative stress-mediated inflammatory consequence for many diseases but very few research data explore the role of SIRT-3 for correction of the chronic neuroinflammatory component. Thus, in this review, we investigate the very recently identified molecules involving in the pathogenesis during stimulated oxidative stress-inflammatory axis in the excitatory neuronal cell which changes brain metabolism. Simultaneously, in CNS neurons of diseases with a component of chronic neuroinflammation which exhibit neuroprotective response, the consequences (mechanistic and biological) of SIRT-3, could be emerging future targets for neurodegenerative disorder treatment with impaired metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Draicchio F, van Vliet S, Ancu O, Paluska SA, Wilund KR, Mickute M, Sathyapalan T, Renshaw D, Watt P, Sylow L, Burd NA, Mackenzie RW. Integrin-associated ILK and PINCH1 protein content are reduced in skeletal muscle of maintenance haemodialysis patients. J Physiol 2020; 598:5701-5716. [PMID: 32969494 DOI: 10.1113/jp280441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Patients with renal failure undergoing maintenance haemodialysis are associated with insulin resistance and protein metabolism dysfunction. Novel research suggests that disruption to the transmembrane protein linkage between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle may contribute to reduced amino acid metabolism and insulin resistance in haemodialysis. ILK, PINCH1 and pFAKTyr397 were significantly decreased in haemodialysis compared to controls, whereas Rac1 and Akt2 showed no different between groups. Rac1 deletion in the Rac1 knockout model did not alter the expression of integrin-associated proteins. Phenylalanine kinetics were reduced in the haemodialysis group at 30 and 60 min post meal ingestion compared to controls; both groups showed similar levels of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Key proteins in the integrin-cytoskeleton linkage are reduced in haemodialysis patients, suggesting for the first time that integrin-associated proteins dysfunction may contribute to reduced phenylalanine flux without affecting insulin resistance in haemodialysis patients. ABSTRACT Muscle atrophy, insulin resistance and reduced muscle phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt signalling are common characteristics of patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (MHD). Disruption to the transmembrane protein linkage between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle may contribute to reduced amino acid metabolism and insulin resistance in MHD patients. Eight MHD patients (age: 56 ± 5 years: body mass index: 32 ± 2 kg m-2 ) and non-diseased controls (age: 50 ± 2 years: body mass index: 31 ± 1 kg m-2 ) received primed continuous l-[ring-2 H5 ]phenylalanine before consuming a mixed meal. Phenylalanine metabolism was determined using two-compartment modelling. Muscle biopsies were collected prior to the meal and at 300 min postprandially. In a separate experiment, skeletal muscle tissue from muscle-specific Rac1 knockout (Rac1 mKO) was harvested to investigate whether Rac1 depletion disrupted the cytoskeleton-integrin linkage, allowing for cross-model examination of proteins of interest. ILK, PINCH1 and pFAKTyr397 were significantly lower in MHD (P < 0.01). Rac1 and Akt showed no difference between groups for the human trial. Rac1 deletion in the Rac1 mKO model did not alter the expression of integrin-associated proteins. Phenylalanine rates of appearance and disappearance, as well as metabolic clearance rates, were lower in the MHD group at 30 and 60 min post meal ingestion compared to controls (P < 0.05). Both groups showed similar levels of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Key proteins in the integrin-cytoskeleton linkage are reduced in MHD patients, suggesting for the first time that integrin-associated proteins dysfunction may contribute to reduced phenylalanine flux without affecting insulin resistance in haemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Draicchio
- Department of Life Sciences, Sport and Exercise Science Research Center, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Stephan van Vliet
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Oana Ancu
- Department of Life Sciences, Sport and Exercise Science Research Center, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Scott A Paluska
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth R Wilund
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Monika Mickute
- Leicester Diabetes Center, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Peter Watt
- Sport and Exercise Science and Sports Medicine research and enterprise group, Welkin Laboratories, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Lykke Sylow
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, August Krogh Bygningen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Richard Wa Mackenzie
- Department of Life Sciences, Sport and Exercise Science Research Center, University of Roehampton, London, UK
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Natarajaseenivasan K, Shanmughapriya S, Velusamy P, Sayre M, Garcia A, Gomez NM, Langford D. Inflammation-induced PINCH expression leads to actin depolymerization and mitochondrial mislocalization in neurons. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:32. [PMID: 32746944 PMCID: PMC7397656 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases and disorders with a chronic neuroinflammatory component are often linked with changes in brain metabolism. Among neurodegenerative disorders, people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are particularly vulnerable to metabolic disturbances, but the mechanistic connections of inflammation, neurodegeneration and bioenergetic deficits in the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly defined. The particularly interesting new cysteine histidine-rich-protein (PINCH) is nearly undetectable in healthy mature neurons, but is robustly expressed in tauopathy-associated neurodegenerative diseases including HIV infection and AD. Although robust PINCH expression has been reported in neurons in the brains of patients with HIV and AD, the molecular mechanisms and cellular consequences of increased PINCH expression in CNS disease remain largely unknown. METHODS We investigated the regulatory mechanisms responsible for PINCH protein-mediated changes in bioenergetics, mitochondrial subcellular localization and bioenergetic deficits in neurons exposed to physiological levels of TNFα or the HIV protein Tat. Changes in the PINCH-ILK-Parvin (PIP) complex association with cofilin and TESK1 were assessed to identify factors responsible for actin depolymerization and mitochondrial mislocalization. Lentiviral and pharmacological inhibition experiments were conducted to confirm PINCH specificity and to reinstate proper protein-protein complex communication. RESULTS We identified MEF2A as the PINCH transcription factor in neuroinflammation and determined the biological consequences of increased PINCH in neurons. TNFα-mediated activation of MEF2A via increased cellular calcium induced PINCH, leading to disruption of the PIP ternary complex, cofilin activation by TESK1 inactivation, and actin depolymerization. The disruption of actin led to perinuclear mislocalization of mitochondria by destabilizing the kinesin-dependent mitochondrial transport machinery, resulting in impaired neuronal metabolism. Blocking TNFα-induced PINCH expression preserved mitochondrial localization and maintained metabolic functioning. CONCLUSIONS This study reported for the first time the mechanistic and biological consequences of PINCH expression in CNS neurons in diseases with a chronic neuroinflammation component. Our findings point to the maintenance of PINCH at normal physiological levels as a potential new therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases with impaired metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 India
| | - Santhanam Shanmughapriya
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
| | - Prema Velusamy
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
| | - Matthew Sayre
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Alvaro Garcia
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Nestor Mas Gomez
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
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Nikou S, Arbi M, Dimitrakopoulos FID, Sirinian C, Chadla P, Pappa I, Ntaliarda G, Stathopoulos GT, Papadaki H, Zolota V, Lygerou Z, Kalofonos HP, Bravou V. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) regulates KRAS, IPP complex and Ras suppressor-1 (RSU1) promoting lung adenocarcinoma progression and poor survival. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:385-400. [PMID: 32592097 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) forms a heterotrimeric protein complex with PINCH and PARVIN (IPP) in Focal Adhesions (FAs) that acts as a signaling platform between the cell and its microenvironment regulating important cancer-related functions. We aimed to elucidate the role of ILK in lung adenocarcinoma (LUADC) focusing on a possible link with KRAS oncogene. We used immunohistochemistry on human tissue samples and KRAS-driven LUADC in mice, analysis of large scale publicly available RNA sequencing data, ILK overexpression and pharmacological inhibition as well as knockdown of KRAS in lung cancer cells. ILK, PINCH1 and PARVB (IPP) proteins are overexpressed in human LUADC and KRAS-driven LUADC in mice representing poor prognostic indicators. Genes implicated in ILK signaling are significantly enriched in KRAS-driven LUADC. Silencing of KRAS, as well as, overexpression and pharmacological inhibition of ILK in lung cancer cells provide evidence of a two-way association between ILK and KRAS. Upregulation of PINCH, PARVB and Ras suppressor-1 (RSU1) expression was demonstrated in ILK overexpressing lung cancer cells in addition to a significant positive correlation between these factors in tissue samples, while KRAS silencing downregulates IPP and RSU1. Pharmacological inhibition of ILK in KRAS mutant lung cancer cells suppresses cell growth, migration, EMT and increases sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. ILK promotes an aggressive lung cancer phenotype with prognostic and therapeutic value through functions that involve KRAS, IPP complex and RSU1, rendering ILK a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Marina Arbi
- Department of General Biology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Chaido Sirinian
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Panagiota Chadla
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Pappa
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Giannoula Ntaliarda
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 2504, Rio, Achaia, Greece
| | - Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 2504, Rio, Achaia, Greece.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Haralabos P Kalofonos
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece.,Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece.
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Abstract
Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine-rich protein (PINCH) is a LIM-domain-only adaptor that plays important roles in cytoskeletal organization and extracellular matrix adhesion, migration, proliferation and survival. Mammalian cells have two functional PINCH proteins, PINCH1 and PINCH2. PINCH not only binds to Nck2 and engages in the signaling of growth factor receptors, but also forms a ternary complex with ILK and parvin (IPP complex). Normally, the IPP complex locates to focal adhesions participating in the signaling of integrins and mediating the interaction of cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM). Accumulative evidence indicates that abnormalities in PINCH signaling are involved in the pathogenesis of important diseases, such as cancers, renal diseases, cardiomyopathy, and HIV. Therefore, clarifying the functions of PINCH and its interactions with key factors is important for better understanding of signaling events both in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Kawashima H, Masaki S, Kawamura M. Induction of HLA-A*33-restricted cytotoxic lymphocytes against renal cell carcinoma targeting galectin 9 and PINCH. Biomed Rep 2014; 2:809-812. [PMID: 25279150 DOI: 10.3892/br.2014.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin 9, a ligand of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), and PINCH, an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-promoting molecule, are expressed at much higher levels in cancerous lesions of clear cell type renal cell carcinoma (RCC) compared to normal renal tissues, and their expression levels are extremely low in normal tissues, except for galectin 9 in the spleen. Galectin 9- and PINCH-derived peptides have previously been shown to induce human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402-restricted and HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) with specific and highly cytotoxic activities toward RCC cells. The present study aimed to identify the peptides that induced HLA-A*33-restricted CTLs that exhibited specific and highly cytotoxic activities toward RCC cells. Specific CTLs were induced significantly, as shown by cluster of differentiation 107a degranulation stimulated with VMRC-RCW renal carcinoma cells. Therefore, peptide vaccines targeting galectin 9 and PINCH appear to be promising for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Kawashima
- Shirahama Hamayu Hospital, Shirahama, Wakayama 649-2211, Japan ; Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Sakae Masaki
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Marie Kawamura
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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Moik D, Böttcher A, Makhina T, Grashoff C, Bulus N, Zent R, Fässler R. Mutations in the paxillin-binding site of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) destabilize the pseudokinase domain and cause embryonic lethality in mice. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:18863-71. [PMID: 23658024 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.470476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) localizes to focal adhesions (FAs) where it regulates cell spreading, migration, and growth factor receptor signaling. Previous reports showed that overexpressed ILK in which Val(386) and Thr(387) were substituted with glycine residues (ILK-VT/GG) could neither interact with paxillin nor localize to FA in cells expressing endogenous wild-type ILK, implying that paxillin binding to ILK is required for its localization to FAs. Here, we show that introducing this mutation into the germ line of mice (ILK-VT/GG) caused vasculogenesis defects, resulting in a general developmental delay and death at around embryonic day 12.5. Fibroblasts isolated from ILK-VT/GG mice contained mutant ILK in FAs, showed normal adhesion to and spreading on extracellular matrix substrates but displayed impaired migration. Biochemical analysis revealed that VT/GG substitutions decreased ILK protein stability leading to decreased ILK levels and reduced binding to paxillin and α-parvin. Because paxillin depletion did not affect ILK localization to FAs, the embryonic lethality and the in vitro migration defects are likely due to the reduced levels of ILK-VT/GG and diminished binding to parvins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Tantos A, Szabo B, Lang A, Varga Z, Tsylonok M, Bokor M, Verebelyi T, Kamasa P, Tompa K, Perczel A, Buday L, Lee SH, Choo Y, Han KH, Tompa P. Multiple fuzzy interactions in the moonlighting function of thymosin-β4. Intrinsically Disord Proteins 2013; 1:e26204. [PMID: 28516021 PMCID: PMC5424802 DOI: 10.4161/idp.26204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thymosine β4 (Tß4) is a 43 amino acid long intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), which was initially identified as an actin-binding and sequestering molecule. Later it was described to have multiple other functions, such as regulation of endothelial cell differentiation, blood vessel formation, wound repair, cardiac cell migration, and survival.1 The various functions of Tβ4 are mediated by interactions with distinct and structurally unrelated partners, such as PINCH, ILK, and stabilin-2, besides the originally identified G-actin. Although the cellular readout of these interactions and the formation of these complexes have been thoroughly described, no attempt was made to study these interactions in detail, and to elucidate the thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural underpinning of this range of moonlighting functions. Because Tβ4 is mostly disordered, and its 4 described partners are structurally unrelated (the CTD of stabilin-2 is actually fully disordered), it occurred to us that this system might be ideal to characterize the structural adaptability and ensuing moonlighting functions of IDPs. Unexpectedly, we found that Tβ4 engages in multiple weak, transient, and fuzzy interactions, i.e., it is capable of mediating distinct yet specific interactions without adapting stable folded structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Tantos
- Institute of Enzymology; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beata Szabo
- Institute of Enzymology; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Lang
- Eötvös Loránd University; Institute of Chemistry; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Institute of Enzymology; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maksym Tsylonok
- VIB Department of Structural Biology; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels, Belgium
| | - Monika Bokor
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics; Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Verebelyi
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics; Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pawel Kamasa
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics; Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kalman Tompa
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics; Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Perczel
- Eötvös Loránd University; Institute of Chemistry; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Buday
- Institute of Enzymology; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
| | - Si Hyung Lee
- Division of Biosystems Research; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Choo
- Division of Biosystems Research; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyou-Hoon Han
- Division of Biosystems Research; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics; University of Science and Technology; Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Tompa
- Institute of Enzymology; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest, Hungary
- VIB Department of Structural Biology; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Zhao ZR, Zhang ZY, Cui DS, Jiang L, Zhang HJ, Wang MW, Sun XF. Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:298-301. [PMID: 16482633 PMCID: PMC4066042 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i2.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the relationship between particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein (PINCH) expression and clinicopathological factors in Chinese colorectal cancer patients.
METHODS: The expression of PINCH was examined by immumohistochemistry in 141 samples of primary colorectal adenocarcinoma and 92 normal samples of colorectal mucosa. Eighty of the cases had both primary tumour and normal mucosa from the same patients.
RESULTS: PINCH was expressed in the stroma of normal mucosa and tumours. PINCH expression in tumour-associated stroma was increased compared to normal mucosa in both unmatched cases (n = 141, X2 = 85.79, df = 3, P < 0.0001) and matched cases (n = 80, X2 = 45.86, df = 3, P < 0.0001). Among 135 tumours with visible invasive margin, 86 (64%) showed stronger PINCH expression at the invasive margin than in the intratumoural stroma. The frequency of PINCH strong expression in mucinous and signet-ring cell carcinomas was higher (52%) compared to non-mucinous carcinomas (29%, X2 = 5.13, P = 0.02). We did not find that PINCH expression was related to patient’s gender, age, tumour location, tumour size, gross status, histological type, differentiation, invasion depth, lymph node status and Dukes’ stage (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The expression of PINCH was upregulated in colorectal cancers, and especially at the margin of tumours, and further was related to mucinous and signet-ring cell carcinomas. The results suggest that expression of PINCH may be involved in the tumourigenesis and aggressiveness of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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