1
|
Ju C, Yuan F, Wang L, Zang C, Ning J, Shang M, Ma J, Li G, Yang Y, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Li F, Bao X, Zhang D. Inhibition of CXCR2 enhances CNS remyelination via modulating PDE10A/cAMP signaling pathway. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 177:105988. [PMID: 36603746 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) plays an important role in demyelinating diseases, but the detailed mechanisms were not yet clarified. In the present study, we mainly investigated the critical function and the potential molecular mechanisms of CXCR2 on oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and remyelination. The present study demonstrated that inhibiting CXCR2 significantly enhanced OPC differentiation and remyelination in primary cultured OPCs and ethidium bromide (EB)-intoxicated rats by facilitating the formation of myelin proteins, including PDGFRα, MBP, MAG, MOG, and Caspr. Further investigation identified phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) as a main downstream protein of CXCR2, interacting with the receptor to regulate OPC differentiation, in that inhibition of CXCR2 reduced PDE10A expression while suppression of PDE10A did not affect CXCR2. Furthermore, inhibition of PDE10A promoted OPC differentiation, whereas overexpression of PDE10A down-regulated OPC differentiation. Our data also revealed that inhibition of CXCR2/PDE10A activated the cAMP/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and up-regulated the expression of key transcription factors, including SOX10, OLIG2, MYRF, and ZFP24, that ultimately promoted remyelination and myelin protein biosynthesis. In conclusion, our findings suggested that inhibition of CXCR2 promoted OPC differentiation and enhanced remyelination by regulating PDE10A/cAMP/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. The present data also highlighted that CXCR2 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of demyelination diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fangyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Caixia Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingwen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meiyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Gen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiuzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yueqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiuqi Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substrate and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meyer-Lindenberg A, Nielsen J, Such P, Lemming OM, Zambori J, Buller R, der Goltz CV. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled proof of concept study of the efficacy and safety of Lu AF11167 for persistent negative symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 61:4-14. [PMID: 35704951 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lu AF11167 is a selective, high-affinity inhibitor of PDE10A that modulates dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-mediated intraneuronal signalling without binding to these receptors. This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study (NCT03793712) with open-label extension (NCT03929497) evaluated the efficacy of two fixed-flexible doses (1-2mg/day and 3-4mg/day) of Lu AF11167 in stable, non-acute patients with schizophrenia and persistent prominent negative symptoms. The studies were discontinued following a futility analysis of the double-blind study, and we report data collected up to study termination. Of the 210 patients screened, 162 were randomized, 111 completed the double-blind study and 96 entered the open-label study before early termination. The withdrawal rate due to impending relapse was low and comparable across treatment groups (n = 2-4 per group in the double-blind study and n = 1 in the open-label extension). Double-blind treatment with Lu AF11167 3-4mg was not superior to placebo in the reduction of Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) total scores from Baseline to Week 12 (primary endpoint); adjusted mean changes were -6.8 with placebo, -5.7 with Lu AF11167 1-2 mg group and -6.0 with Lu AF11167 3-4mg. Treatment with Lu AF11167 1-2mg also failed to separate from placebo on the primary endpoint. Neither dose group showed significant improvements versus placebo on any of the secondary efficacy measures exploring effect of treatment on overall symptomology, negative symptoms, positive symptoms, or functioning. Administration of Lu AF11167 was safe and well tolerated and adverse events were not a major reason for withdrawal from the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Laat B, Kling YE, Schroyen G, Ooms M, Hooker JM, Bormans G, Van Laere K, Ceccarini J. Effects of chronic voluntary alcohol consumption on PDE10A availability: a longitudinal behavioral and [ 18F]JNJ42259152 PET study in rats. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:492-502. [PMID: 34142214 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) is a dual substrate enzyme highly enriched in dopamine-receptive striatal medium spiny neurons, which are involved in psychiatric disorders such as alcohol use disorders (AUD). Although preclinical studies suggest a correlation of PDE10A mRNA expression in neuronal and behavioral responses to alcohol intake, little is known about the effects of alcohol exposure on in vivo PDE10A activity in relation to apparent risk factors for AUD such as decision-making and anxiety. METHODS We performed a longitudinal [18F]JNJ42259152 microPET study to evaluate PDE10A changes over a 9-week intermittent access to alcohol model, including 6 weeks of alcohol exposure, 2 weeks of abstinence followed by 1 week relapse. Parametric PDE10A-binding potential (BPND) images were generated using a Logan reference tissue model with cerebellum as reference region and were analyzed using both a volume-of-interest and voxel-based approach. Moreover, individual decision-making and anxiety levels were assessed with the rat Iowa Gambling Task and open-field test over the IAE model. RESULTS We observed an increased alcohol preference especially in those animals that exhibited poor initial decision-making. The first 2 weeks of alcohol exposure resulted in an increased striatal PDE10A binding (> 10%). Comparing PDE10A-binding potential after 2 versus 4 weeks of exposure showed a significant decreased PDE10A in the caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens (pFWE-corrected < 0.05). This striatal PDE10A decrease was related to alcohol consumption and preference. Normalization of striatal PDE10A to initial levels was observed after 1 week of relapse, apart from the globus pallidus. CONCLUSION This study shows that chronic voluntary alcohol consumption induces a reversible increased PDE10A enzymatic availability in the striatum, which is related to the amount of alcohol preference. Thus, PDE10A-mediated signaling plays an important role in modulating the reinforcing effects of alcohol, and the data suggest that PDE10A inhibition may have beneficial behavioral effects on alcohol intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bart de Laat
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yvonne E Kling
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Schroyen
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Ooms
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Guy Bormans
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Van Laere
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jenny Ceccarini
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thippeswamy H, Davies W. A new molecular risk pathway for postpartum mood disorders: clues from steroid sulfatase-deficient individuals. Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:391-401. [PMID: 33219387 PMCID: PMC8116278 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum mood disorders develop shortly after childbirth in a significant proportion of women. These conditions are associated with a range of symptoms including abnormally high or low mood, irritability, cognitive disorganisation, disrupted sleep, hallucinations/delusions, and occasionally suicidal or infanticidal ideation; if not treated promptly, they can substantially impact upon the mother's health, mother-infant bonding, and family dynamics. The biological precipitants of such disorders remain unclear, although large changes in maternal immune and hormonal physiology following childbirth are likely to play a role. Pharmacological therapies for postpartum mood disorders can be effective, but may be associated with side effects, concerns relating to breastfeeding, and teratogenicity risks when used prophylactically. Furthermore, most of the drugs that are used to treat postpartum mood disorders are the same ones that are used to treat mood episodes during non-postpartum periods. A better understanding of the biological factors predisposing to postpartum mood disorders would allow for rational drug development, and the identification of predictive biomarkers to ensure that 'at risk' mothers receive earlier and more effective clinical management. We describe new findings relating to the role of the enzyme steroid sulfatase in maternal postpartum behavioural processes, and discuss how these point to a novel molecular risk pathway underlying postpartum mood disorders. Specifically, we suggest that aberrant steroid hormone-dependent regulation of neuronal calcium influx via extracellular matrix proteins and membrane receptors involved in responding to the cell's microenvironment might be important. Testing of this hypothesis might identify novel therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harish Thippeswamy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - William Davies
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. .,School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, 70, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. .,Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Y, Zhang S, Zhou Q, Zhang C, Gao Y, Wang H, Li Z, Wu D, Wu Y, Huang YY, Guo L, Luo HB. Discovery of highly selective and orally available benzimidazole-based phosphodiesterase 10 inhibitors with improved solubility and pharmacokinetic properties for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2339-2347. [PMID: 33354505 PMCID: PMC7745062 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimization efforts were devoted to discover novel PDE10A inhibitors in order to improve solubility and pharmacokinetics properties for a long-term therapy against pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) starting from the previously synthesized inhibitor A. As a result, a potent and highly selective PDE10A inhibitor, 14·3HCl (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 2.8 nmol/L and >3500-fold selectivity) exhibiting desirable solubility and metabolic stability with a remarkable bioavailability of 50% was identified with the aid of efficient methods of binding free energy predictions. Animal PAH studies showed that the improvement offered by 14·3HCl [2.5 mg/kg, oral administration (p.o.)] was comparable to tadalafil (5.0 mg/kg, p.o.), verifying the feasibility of PDE10A inhibitors for the anti-PAH treatment. The crystal structure of the PDE10A−14 complex illustrates their binding pattern, which provided a guideline for rational design of highly selective PDE10A inhibitors.
Collapse
|
6
|
Takakuwa M, Watanabe Y, Saijo T, Murata M, Anabuki J, Tezuka T, Sato S, Kojima K, Hashimoto K. Antipsychotic-like effects of a novel phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor MT-3014 in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 196:172972. [PMID: 32562717 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 10A is an attractive therapeutic target for schizophrenia. Here, we investigated the antipsychotic-like effects of a novel PDE10A inhibitor, 1-({2-(7-fluoro-3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl)-5-[(3R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-α]pyrimidin-7-yl}amino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol hydrochloride (MT-3014) in rats. MT-3014 showed a potent and selective inhibitory effect against PDE10A (IC50 = 0.357 nmol/L). Oral administration of MT-3014 (1.0-10 mg/kg) significantly increased the levels of cAMP, cGMP and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in the rat striatum. MT-3014 decreased MK-801 (0.075 mg/kg)-induced hyperactivity (ED50 = 0.30 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner, although it decreased spontaneous locomotion in control rats (ED50 = 0.48 mg/kg); its effects were equivalent to those of risperidone. MT-3014 (0.3-3.0 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg) attenuated MK-801-induced prepulse inhibition deficits and cognitive deficits in rats, respectively, whereas risperidone attenuated MK-801-induced prepulse inhibition at only a high dose and failed to improve MK-801-induced cognitive deficits. Similar to risperidone (ID50 = 0.63 mg/kg), MT-3014 suppressed the conditioned avoidance response (ID50 = 0.32 mg/kg). Interestingly, MT-3014 did not elicit catalepsy and plasma prolactin increases at high doses. Furthermore, it also did not affect body weight. A positron emission tomography study using [11C]IMA107 showed a plasma concentration-dependent increase in brain PDE10A occupancy after oral administration of MT-3014 within the pharmacological dose range in rats. Brain PDE10A occupancy corresponding to the ID50 value in the conditioned avoidance response was approximately 60%, predicting the target occupancy in patients with schizophrenia. These results suggest that MT-3014 may be a novel antipsychotic drug, which is expected to have additional effects on cognitive impairment, without the prominent side effects associated with current atypical antipsychotics.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu YF, Zhang C, Huang YY, Zhang S, Zhou Q, Li X, Lai Z, Li Z, Gao Y, Wu Y, Guo L, Wu D, Luo HB. Discovery and Optimization of Chromone Derivatives as Novel Selective Phosphodiesterase 10 Inhibitors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1058-1071. [PMID: 32105440 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 10 (PDE10) inhibitors have received much attention as promising therapeutic agents for central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as schizophrenia and Huntington's disease. Recently, a hit compound 1 with a novel chromone scaffold has shown moderate inhibitory activity against PDE10A (IC50 = 500 nM). Hit-to-lead optimization has resulted in compound 3e with an improved inhibitory activity (IC50 = 6.5 nM), remarkable selectivity (>95-fold over other PDEs), and good metabolic stability (RLM t1/2 = 105 min) by using an integrated strategy (molecular modeling, chemical synthesis, bioassay, and cocrystal structure). The cocrystal structural information provides insights into the binding pattern of 3e in the PDE10A catalytic domain to highlight the key role of the halogen and hydrogen bonds toward Tyr524 and Tyr693, respectively, thereby resulting in high selectivity against other PDEs. These new observations are of benefit for the rational design of the next generation PDE10 inhibitors for CNS disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fa Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi-You Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sirui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zengwei Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yinuo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Deyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Persson J, Szalisznyó K, Antoni G, Wall A, Fällmar D, Zora H, Bodén R. Phosphodiesterase 10A levels are related to striatal function in schizophrenia: a combined positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:451-459. [PMID: 31119377 PMCID: PMC7210243 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-01021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) is being investigated as a treatment option in schizophrenia. PDE10A acts postsynaptically on striatal dopamine signaling by regulating neuronal excitability through its inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and we recently found it to be reduced in schizophrenia compared to controls. Here, this finding of reduced PDE10A in schizophrenia was followed up in the same sample to investigate the effect of reduced striatal PDE10A on the neural and behavioral function of striatal and downstream basal ganglia regions. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan with the PDE10A ligand [11C]Lu AE92686 was performed, followed by a 6 min resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in ten patients with schizophrenia. To assess the relationship between striatal function and neurophysiological and behavioral functioning, salience processing was assessed using a mismatch negativity paradigm, an auditory event-related electroencephalographic measure, episodic memory was assessed using the Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) and executive functioning using trail-making test B. Reduced striatal PDE10A was associated with increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) within the putamen and substantia nigra, respectively. Higher ALFF in the substantia nigra, in turn, was associated with lower episodic memory performance. The findings are in line with a role for PDE10A in striatal functioning, and suggest that reduced striatal PDE10A may contribute to cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Persson
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - K. Szalisznyó
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G. Antoni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden ,PET-Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A. Wall
- PET-Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden ,Department of Surgical Sciences, Nuclear medicine and PET, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D. Fällmar
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - H. Zora
- Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Bodén
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Macek TA, McCue M, Dong X, Hanson E, Goldsmith P, Affinito J, Mahableshwarkar AR. A phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of TAK-063 in subjects with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2019; 204:289-94. [PMID: 30190165 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TAK-063 is a potent, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 10A, an enzyme selectively expressed in medium spiny neurons of the striatum. This randomized, parallel-group study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 20-mg daily TAK-063 versus placebo in subjects with acutely exacerbated symptoms of schizophrenia (NCT02477020). METHODS Adults aged 18 to 65 with diagnosed schizophrenia and psychotic symptoms that exacerbated within 60 days before screening were included. Subjects who discontinued psychotropic medications before screening were randomized 1:1 to 6 weeks of placebo (n = 81) or 20-mg TAK-063 (n = 83). Weekly efficacy visits were conducted during the treatment period, and dose de-escalation was allowed (blinded) to 10-mg TAK-063 for intolerability. RESULTS The primary endpoint, change from baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score at week 6, was not achieved (least-squares mean difference vs placebo [standard error] = -5.46 [3.44]; p = 0.115). Secondary endpoints were generally supportive of antipsychotic efficacy. Consistent with previous phase 1 studies, TAK-063 was safe and well tolerated, and most adverse events were mild or moderate in severity and did not result in discontinuation. No deaths occurred, and the incidence of akathisia and dystonia, categories of extrapyramidal syndromes, was more frequent in the TAK-063 group than placebo. CONCLUSIONS Although the study did not meet the primary endpoint (effect size = 0.308), the effects of TAK-063 on the primary and secondary endpoints may be suggestive of antipsychotic activity. Interpretation of these results is confounded by a relatively high placebo effect and a lack of dose-ranging or active reference.
Collapse
|
10
|
Al-Nema M, Gaurav A, Akowuah G. Discovery of natural product inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 10A as novel therapeutic drug for schizophrenia using a multistep virtual screening. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 77:52-63. [PMID: 30240986 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The major complaint that most of the schizophrenic patients' face is the cognitive impairment which affects the patient's quality of life. The current antipsychotic drugs treat only the positive symptoms without alleviating the negative or cognitive symptoms of the disease. In addition, the existing therapies are known to produce extrapyramidal side effects that affect the patient adherence to the treatment. PDE10A inhibitor is the new therapeutic approach which has been proven to be effective in alleviating the negative and cognitive symptoms of the disease. A number of PDE10A inhibitors have been developed, but no inhibitor has made it beyond the clinical trials so far. Thus, the present study has been conducted to identify a PDE10A inhibitor from natural sources to be used as a lead compound for the designing of novel selective PDE10A inhibitors. Ligand and structure-based pharmacophore models for PDE10A inhibitors were generated and employed for virtual screening of universal natural products database. From the virtual screening results, 37 compounds were docked into the active site of the PDE10A. Out of 37 compounds, three inhibitors showed the highest affinity for PDE10A where UNPD216549 showed the lowest binding energy and has been chosen as starting point for designing of novel PDE10A inhibitors. The structure-activity-relationship studies assisted in designing of selective PDE10A inhibitors. The optimization of the substituents on the phenyl ring resulted in 26 derivatives with lower binding energy with PDE10A as compared to the lead compound. Among these, MA 8 and MA 98 exhibited the highest affinity for PDE10A with binding energy (-10.90 Kcal/mol).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayasah Al-Nema
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Gaurav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Gabriel Akowuah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu H, Jin H, Luo Z, Yue X, Zhang X, Flores H, Su Y, Perlmutter JS, Tu Z. In Vivo Characterization of Two 18F-Labeled PDE10A PET Radioligands in Nonhuman Primate Brains. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1066-1073. [PMID: 29400443 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) with phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) specific radioligands provides a noninvasive and quantitative imaging tool to access the expression of this enzyme in vivo under normal and diseased conditions. We recently reported two potent 18F-labeled PDE10A radioligands (18F-TZ19106B and 18F-TZ8110); initial evaluation in rats and nonhuman primates indicated stable metabolic profiles and excellent target-to-nontarget ratio (striatum/cerebellum) for both tracers. Herein, we focused on in vivo characterization of 18F-TZ19106B and 18F-TZ8110 to identify a suitable radioligand for imaging PDE10A in vivo. We directly compared microPET studies of these two radiotracers in adult male Macaca fascicularis nonhuman primates (NHPs). 18F-TZ19106B had higher striatal uptake and tracer retention in NHP brains than 18F-TZ8110, quantified by either standardized uptake values (SUVs) or nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) estimated using reference-based modeling analysis. Blocking and displacement studies using the PDE10A inhibitor MP-10 indicated the binding of 18F-TZ19106B to PDE10A was specific and reversible. We also demonstrated sensitivity of 18F-TZ19106B binding to varying number of specific binding sites using escalating doses of MP-10 blockade (0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg). Pretreatment with a dopamine D2-like receptor antagonist enhanced the striatal uptake of 18F-TZ19106B. Our results indicate that 18F-TZ19106B is a promising radioligand candidate for imaging PDE10A in vivo and it may be used to determine target engagement of PDE10A inhibitors and serve as a tool to evaluate the effect of novel antipsychotic therapies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hostetler ED, Fan H, Joshi AD, Zeng Z, Eng W, Gantert L, Holahan M, Meng X, Miller P, O'Malley S, Purcell M, Riffel K, Salinas C, Williams M, Ma B, Buist N, Smith SM, Coleman PJ, Cox CD, Flores BA, Raheem IT, Cook JJ, Evelhoch JL. Preclinical Characterization of the Phosphodiesterase 10A PET Tracer [(11)C]MK-8193. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:579-87. [PMID: 26596571 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for the enzyme phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) is desirable to guide the discovery and development of PDE10A inhibitors as potential therapeutics. The preclinical characterization of the PDE10A PET tracer [(11)C]MK-8193 is described. PROCEDURES In vitro binding studies with [(3)H]MK-8193 were conducted in rat, monkey, and human brain tissue. PET studies with [(11)C]MK-8193 were conducted in rats and rhesus monkeys at baseline and following administration of a PDE10A inhibitor. RESULTS [(3)H]MK-8193 is a high-affinity, selective PDE10A radioligand in rat, monkey, and human brain tissue. In vivo, [(11)C]MK-8193 displays rapid kinetics, low test-retest variability, and a large specific signal that is displaced by a structurally diverse PDE10A inhibitor, enabling the determination of pharmacokinetic/enzyme occupancy relationships. CONCLUSIONS [(11)C]MK-8193 is a useful PET tracer for the preclinical characterization of PDE10A therapeutic candidates in rat and monkey. Further evaluation of [(11)C]MK-8193 in humans is warranted.
Collapse
|
13
|
Nakatani A, Nakamura S, Kimura H. The phosphodiesterase 10A selective inhibitor, TAK-063, induces c-Fos expression in both direct and indirect pathway medium spiny neurons and sub-regions of the medial prefrontal cortex in rats. Neurosci Res 2017; 125:29-36. [PMID: 28687229 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
TAK-063, a selective phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitor, produces potent antipsychotic-like and pro-cognitive effects in rodents via balanced activation of striatal direct and indirect pathway medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Brain activity modulation by TAK-063 has been characterized using pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography in animals, revealing modulation of activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) where there is little or no PDE10A expression. To understand the specific brain regions and cells affected by TAK-063 in rats, we assessed neural activation in the striatal complex and PFC using immunofluorescence staining to measure c-Fos expression. TAK-063 at 0.3 and 3mg/kg induced a dose-dependent increase in the number of c-Fos immunoreactive cells in the striatal complex. Furthermore, TAK-063 increased the number of MSNs expressing c-fos mRNA in both the D1 receptor-expressing direct pathway and D2 receptor-expressing indirect pathway of the striatal complex. TAK-063 (0.3 and 3mg/kg) induced c-Fos expression in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and prelimbic cortex (PrL), but not the infralimbic, dorsal peduncular, primary motor or anterior insular cortices. These findings suggest that administration of TAK-063 activates similar numbers of direct and indirect pathway MSNs, resulting in activation predominantly in medial PFC sub-regions, such as the ACC and PrL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nakatani
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Sayuri Nakamura
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang KC, Stepanov V, Amini N, Martinsson S, Takano A, Nielsen J, Bundgaard C, Bang-Andersen B, Grimwood S, Halldin C, Farde L, Finnema SJ. Characterization of [ 11C]Lu AE92686 as a PET radioligand for phosphodiesterase 10A in the nonhuman primate brain. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 44:308-320. [PMID: 27817159 PMCID: PMC5215309 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose [11C]Lu AE92686 is a positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand that has recently been validated for examining phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) in the human striatum. [11C]Lu AE92686 has high affinity for PDE10A (IC50 = 0.39 nM) and may also be suitable for examination of the substantia nigra, a region with low density of PDE10A. Here, we report characterization of regional [11C]Lu AE92686 binding to PDE10A in the nonhuman primate (NHP) brain. Methods A total of 11 PET measurements, seven baseline and four following pretreatment with unlabeled Lu AE92686 or the structurally unrelated PDE10A inhibitor MP-10, were performed in five NHPs using a high resolution research tomograph (HRRT). [11C]Lu AE92686 binding was quantified using a radiometabolite-corrected arterial input function and compartmental and graphical modeling approaches. Results Regional time-activity curves were best described with the two-tissue compartment model (2TCM). However, the distribution volume (VT) values for all regions were obtained by the Logan plot analysis, as reliable cerebellar VT values could not be derived by the 2TCM. For cerebellum, a proposed reference region, VT values increased by ∼30 % with increasing PET measurement duration from 63 to 123 min, while VT values in target regions remained stable. Both pretreatment drugs significantly decreased [11C]Lu AE92686 binding in target regions, while no significant effect on cerebellum was observed. Binding potential (BPND) values, derived with the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), were 13–17 in putamen and 3–5 in substantia nigra and correlated well to values from the Logan plot analysis. Conclusions The method proposed for quantification of [11C]Lu AE92686 binding in applied studies in NHP is based on 63 min PET data and SRTM with cerebellum as a reference region. The study supports that [11C]Lu AE92686 can be used for PET examinations of PDE10A binding also in substantia nigra. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00259-016-3544-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Yang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Vladimir Stepanov
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nahid Amini
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Martinsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Akihiro Takano
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacob Nielsen
- Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sarah Grimwood
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Personalized Health Care and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca PET Science Center at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sjoerd J Finnema
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ooms M, Celen S, De Hoogt R, Lenaerts I, Liebregts J, Vanhoof G, Langlois X, Postnov A, Koole M, Verbruggen A, Van Laere K, Bormans G. Striatal phosphodiesterase 10A availability is altered secondary to chronic changes in dopamine neurotransmission. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2017; 1:3. [PMID: 29564380 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-016-0005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) is an important regulator of
nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. However, little is known on the
effect of alterations in DA neurotransmission on PDE10A availability. Here, we
used [18F]JNJ42259152 PET to measure changes in PDE10A
availability, secondary to pharmacological alterations in DA release and to
investigate whether these are D1- or
D2-receptor driven. Results Acute treatment of rats using D-amphetamine (5 mg, s.c. and 1 mg/kg
i.v.) did not result in a significant change in PDE10A BPND
compared to baseline conditions. 5-day D-amphetamine treatment (5 mg/kg, s.c.)
increased striatal PDE10A BPND compared to the baseline
(+24 %, p = 0.03). Treatment with the selective
D2 antagonist SCH23390 (1 mg/kg) and D-amphetamine decreased PDE10A binding
(-22 %, p = 0.03). Treatment with only SCH23390
further decreased PDE10A binding (-26 %, p = 0.03). No significant alterations in PDE10A mRNA levels were
observed. Conclusions Repeated D-amphetamine treatment significantly increased PDE10A
binding, which is not observed upon selective D1 receptor
blocking. This study suggests a potential pharmacological interaction between
PDE10A enzymes and drugs modifying DA neurotransmission. Therefore, PDE10A binding
in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders might be modulated by chronic
DA-related treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41181-016-0005-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized
users.
Collapse
|
16
|
Tsai M, Chrones L, Xie J, Gevorkyan H, Macek TA. A phase 1 study of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of TAK-063, a selective PDE10A inhibitor. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:3787-3795. [PMID: 27572830 PMCID: PMC5063900 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized, in part, by impaired dopamine signaling. TAK-063 is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 10A, a key regulator of intracellular signaling pathways that is highly expressed in the striatum. OBJECTIVE Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of TAK-063 were evaluated in a phase 1 study. METHODS Healthy Japanese and non-Japanese volunteers were randomized into dose cohorts of 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg. Each fasting volunteer randomly received a single dose of TAK-063 or placebo. Individuals from the 100-mg cohort also received a post-washout, 100-mg dose under fed conditions. A total of 84 volunteers enrolled (14 per cohort). RESULTS The most common drug-related adverse events (AEs) were somnolence (33.3 %), orthostatic tachycardia (19.7 %), and orthostatic hypotension (9.1 %). The three severe AEs recorded occurred at the highest doses: orthostatic hypotension (n = 1; 300 mg) and somnolence (n = 2; 1000 mg). There were no deaths, serious AEs, or discontinuations due to AEs. TAK-063 exposure increased in a dose-dependent manner. Median T max was reached 3 to 4 h postdose. Fed conditions slowed absorption (T max = 6 h) and increased oral bioavailability. Renal elimination was negligible. Safety and pharmacokinetic parameters were similar between Japanese and non-Japanese subjects. Impairments in cognitive function consistent with the effects of other sedative or hypnotic agents were detected using a validated, computerized cognition battery, CNS Vital Signs. CONCLUSIONS TAK-063 was safe and well tolerated at doses up to 1000 mg and demonstrated a pharmacokinetic profile supporting once-daily dosing. Further evaluation of the clinical safety and efficacy of TAK-063 is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Tsai
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., One Takeda Parkway, Deerfield, IL, 60015, USA
| | - Lambros Chrones
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., One Takeda Parkway, Deerfield, IL, 60015, USA
| | - Jinhui Xie
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., One Takeda Parkway, Deerfield, IL, 60015, USA
| | | | - Thomas A Macek
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., One Takeda Parkway, Deerfield, IL, 60015, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Raheem IT, Schreier JD, Fuerst J, Gantert L, Hostetler ED, Huszar S, Joshi A, Kandebo M, Kim SH, Li J, Ma B, McGaughey G, Sharma S, Shipe WD, Uslaner J, Vandeveer GH, Yan Y, Renger JJ, Smith SM, Coleman PJ, Cox CD. Discovery of pyrazolopyrimidine phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitors for the treatment of schizophrenia. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 26:126-32. [PMID: 26602277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the identification of a novel class of pyrazolopyrimidine phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitors. Beginning with a lead molecule (1) identified through a fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) effort, lead optimization was enabled by rational design, X-ray crystallography, metabolic and off-target profiling, and fragment scaffold-hopping. We highlight the discovery of PyP-1, a potent, highly selective, and orally bioavailable pyrazolopyrimidine inhibitor of PDE10A. PyP-1 exhibits sub-nanomolar potency (PDE10A Ki=0.23nM), excellent pharmacokinetic (PK) and physicochemical properties, and a clean off-target profile. It displays dose-dependent efficacy in numerous pharmacodynamic (PD) assays that measure potential for anti-psychotic activity and cognitive improvement. PyP-1 also has a clean preclinical profile with respect to cataleptic potential in rats, prolactin secretion, and weight gain, common adverse events associated with currently marketed therapeutics. Further, PyP-1 displays in vivo preclinical target engagement as measured by PET enzyme occupancy in concert with [(11)C]MK-8193, a novel PDE10A PET tracer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izzat T Raheem
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - John D Schreier
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Joy Fuerst
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Liza Gantert
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Eric D Hostetler
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Sarah Huszar
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Aniket Joshi
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Monika Kandebo
- Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Somang H Kim
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Discovery Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Bennett Ma
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Georgia McGaughey
- Chemistry Modeling and Informatics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Sujata Sharma
- Structural Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - William D Shipe
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Jason Uslaner
- In Vivo Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - George H Vandeveer
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Youwei Yan
- Structural Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - John J Renger
- Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Sean M Smith
- Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Paul J Coleman
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| | - Christopher D Cox
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kjellgren ER, Glue OES, Reinholdt P, Meyer JE, Kongsted J, Poongavanam V. A comparative study of binding affinities for 6,7-dimethoxy-4-pyrrolidylquinazolines as phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitors using the linear interaction energy method. J Mol Graph Model 2015; 61:44-52. [PMID: 26188794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The linear interaction energy (LIE) method was used to estimate the free energies of binding for a set of 27 pyrrolidylquinazoline derivatives as phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitors. Twenty-six X-ray crystal structures of phosphodiesterase 10A and two sampling methods, minimization and Hybrid Monte Carlo, were used to assess the affinity models based on the linear interaction energies. The best model was obtained based on the parameters α=0.16 and β=0.04, which represent non-polar and polar interactions, respectively, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.42kcal/mol (R(2)=0.71) and 0.52kcal/mol (R(2)=0.86) for the training and test sets, respectively. In addition, the applicability domain of the model was investigated. After validation of the models, the best model was subsequently used in a virtual screening process, which resulted in a set of optimized compounds. The models developed in this study could be useful as filter for virtual screening and lead optimization processes for phosphodiesterase 10A drug developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Rosendahl Kjellgren
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Oliver Emil Skytte Glue
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Peter Reinholdt
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Julie Egeskov Meyer
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jacob Kongsted
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cox CD, Hostetler ED, Flores BA, Evelhoch JL, Fan H, Gantert L, Holahan M, Eng W, Joshi A, McGaughey G, Meng X, Purcell M, Raheem IT, Riffel K, Yan Y, Renger JJ, Smith SM, Coleman PJ. Discovery of [¹¹C]MK-8193 as a PET tracer to measure target engagement of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:4893-4898. [PMID: 26077491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibition has recently been identified as a potential mechanism to treat multiple symptoms that manifest in schizophrenia. In order to facilitate preclinical development and support key proof-of-concept clinical trials of novel PDE10A inhibitors, it is critical to discover positron emission tomography (PET) tracers that enable plasma concentration/PDE10A occupancy relationships to be established across species with structurally diverse PDE10A inhibitors. In this Letter, we describe how a high-throughput screening hit was optimized to provide [(11)C]MK-8193 (8j), a PET tracer that supports the determination of plasma concentration/PDE10A occupancy relationships for structurally diverse series of PDE10A inhibitors in both rat and rhesus monkey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Cox
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
| | | | - Broc A Flores
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | | | - Hong Fan
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Liza Gantert
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Marie Holahan
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Waisi Eng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Aniket Joshi
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Georgia McGaughey
- Chemical Modeling & Informatics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Mona Purcell
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Izzat T Raheem
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Kerry Riffel
- Imaging, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Youwei Yan
- Structural Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - John J Renger
- Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Sean M Smith
- Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Paul J Coleman
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jones PG, Hewitt MC, Campbell JE, Quinton MS, Engel S, Lew R, Campbell U, Burdi DF. Pharmacological evaluation of a novel phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor in models of antipsychotic activity and cognition. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 135:46-52. [PMID: 25989044 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the pharmacological effects of a novel PDE10A inhibitor, SEP-39. SEP-39 is a potent (1.0nM) inhibitor of human PDE10A in vitro, with good selectivity (>16000-fold) against other PDEs. In an in vivo occupancy study, the RO50 value was determined to be 0.7mg/kg (p.o.), corresponding to plasma and brain exposures of 28ng/mL and 43ng/g, respectively. Using microdialysis, we show that 3mg/kg (p.o.) SEP-39 significantly increased rat striatal cGMP concentrations. Furthermore, SEP-39 inhibits PCP-induced hyperlocomotion at doses of 1 and 3mg/kg (p.o.) corresponding to 59-86% occupancy. At similar doses in a catalepsy study, the time on the bar was increased but the maximal effect was less than that seen with haloperidol. In an EEG study, 3 and 10mg/kg (p.o.) SEP-39 suppressed REM intensity and increased the latency to REM sleep. We also demonstrate the procognitive effects of SEP-39 in the rat novel object recognition assay. These effects appear to require less PDE10A inhibition than the reversal of PCP-induced hyperlocomotion or EEG effects, as improvements in recognition index were seen at doses of 0.3mg/kg and above. Our data demonstrate that SEP-39 is a potent, orally active PDE10A inhibitor with therapeutic potential in a number of psychiatric indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Jones
- Discovery and Preclinical Research, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, 84 Waterford Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA.
| | - Michael C Hewitt
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals, 215 First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - John E Campbell
- Epizyme Inc., 400 Technology Square 4th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Maria S Quinton
- Retrophin Inc., 301 Binney St. 3rd floor, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sharon Engel
- Discovery and Preclinical Research, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, 84 Waterford Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA
| | - Robert Lew
- Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, 84 Waterford Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA
| | - Una Campbell
- Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, 84 Waterford Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA
| | - Douglas F Burdi
- Discovery and Preclinical Research, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, 84 Waterford Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Miller S, Hill Della Puppa G, Reidling J, Marcora E, Thompson LM, Treanor J. Comparison of phosphodiesterase 10A, dopamine receptors D1 and D2 and dopamine transporter ligand binding in the striatum of the R6/2 and BACHD mouse models of Huntington's disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2015; 3:333-41. [PMID: 25575954 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-140129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) is expressed at high levels in the striatum and has been proposed both as a biomarker for Huntington's disease pathology and as a target for intervention. OBJECTIVE PDE10A radiotracers have been successfully used to measure changes in binding density in Huntington's disease patients, but little is known about PDE10A binding in mouse models that are used extensively to model pathology and test therapeutic interventions. METHODS Our study investigated changes in PDE10A binding using the selective tracer 3H-7980 at specific ages of two Huntington's disease transgenic mouse models: R6/2, a short-lived model carrying exon-1 of mutant HTT and BACHD, a longer-lived model carrying full-length mutant HTT. PDE10A binding was compared to binding of known markers of striatal atrophy in Huntington's disease, e.g. dopamine transporter (DAT) and dopamine receptors D1 and D2. RESULTS We found that in the R6/2 model at 6 weeks of age, mice showed high variability of binding, however binding of all ligands was significantly decreased at 8 and 12 weeks of age. In contrast, no changes were detectable in the BACHD model at 8, 10 or 12 month of age. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that radiotracer binding of PDE10A, DAT, D1 and D2 receptor in the R6/2 model may be a good indicator of striatal pathological changes that are observed in Huntington's disease patients, and that the first 12 months in the BACHD model may be more reflective of early stages of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | - Jack Reidling
- UCI Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders Institute, CA, USA
| | | | - Leslie M Thompson
- UCI Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders Institute, CA, USA Departments of Neurobiology and Behavior, and Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - James Treanor
- Department of Neuroscience, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang H, Murigi FN, Wang Z, Li J, Jin H, Tu Z. Synthesis and in vitro characterization of cinnoline and benzimidazole analogues as phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 25:919-24. [PMID: 25592707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen cinnoline analogues and six benzimidazole phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitors were synthesized as potential PET radiopharmaceuticals and their in vitro activity as PDE10A inhibitors was determined. Nine out of twenty-one compounds were potent inhibitors of PDE10A with IC50 values ranging from 1.5 to 18.6nM. Notably, the IC50 values of compounds 26a, 26b, and 33c were 1.52±0.18, 2.86±0.10, and 3.73±0.60nM, respectively; these three compounds also showed high in vitro selectivity (>1000-fold) for PDE10A over PDE 3A/3B, PDE4A/4B. The high potency and selectivity of these three compounds suggests that they could be radiolabeled with PET radionuclides for further evaluation of their in vivo pharmacological behavior and ability to quantify PDE10A in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Francis N Murigi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Hongjun Jin
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Zhude Tu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ooms M, Rietjens R, Rangarajan JR, Vunckx K, Valdeolivas S, Maes F, Himmelreich U, Fernandez-Ruiz J, Bormans G, Van Laere K, Casteels C. Early decrease of type 1 cannabinoid receptor binding and phosphodiesterase 10A activity in vivo in R6/2 Huntington mice. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2858-2869. [PMID: 25018107 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence imply early alterations in endocannabinoid and phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) signaling in Huntington disease (HD). Using [(18)F]MK-9470 and [(18)F]JNJ42259152 small-animal positron emission tomography (PET), we investigated for the first time cerebral changes in type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor binding and PDE10A levels in vivo in presymptomatic, early symptomatic, and late symptomatic HD (R6/2) mice, in relation to glucose metabolism ([(18)F]FDG PET), brain morphology (magnetic resonance imaging) and motor function. Ten R6/2 and 16 wild-type (WT) mice were investigated at 3 different time points between the age of 4 and 13 weeks. Parametric CB1 receptor and PDE10A images were anatomically standardized to Paxinos space and analyzed voxelwise. Volumetric microMRI imaging was performed to assess HD pathology. In R6/2 mice, CB1 receptor binding was decreased in comparison with WT in a cluster comprising the bilateral caudate-putamen, globus pallidus, and thalamic nucleus at week 5 (-8.1% ± 2.6%, p = 1.7 × 10(-5)). Longitudinal follow-up showed further progressive decline compared with controls in a cluster comprising the bilateral hippocampus, caudate-putamen, globus pallidus, superior colliculus, thalamic nucleus, and cerebellum (late vs. presymptomatic age: -13.7% ± 3.1% for R6/2 and +1.5% ± 4.0% for WT, p = 1.9 × 10(-5)). In R6/2 mice, PDE10A binding potential also decreased over time to reach significance at early and late symptomatic HD (late vs. presymptomatic age: -79.1% ± 1.9% for R6/2 and +2.1% ± 2.7% for WT, p = 1.5 × 10(-4)). The observed changes in CB1 receptor and PDE10A binding were correlated to anomalies exhibited by R6/2 animals in motor function, whereas no correlation was found with magnetic resonance imaging-based striatal volume. Our findings point to early regional dysfunctions in endocannabinoid and PDE10A signaling, involving the caudate-putamen and lateral globus pallidus, which may play a role in the progression of the disease in R6/2 animals. PET quantification of in vivo CB1 and/or PDE10A binding may thus be useful early biomarkers for HD. Our results also provide evidence of subtle motor deficits at earlier stages than previously described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Ooms
- Laboratory for Radiopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; MoSAIC-Molecular Small Animal Imaging Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roma Rietjens
- MoSAIC-Molecular Small Animal Imaging Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Janaki Raman Rangarajan
- KU Leuven Medical Image Computing (ESAT/PSI), Department of Electrical Engineering & Medical Imaging Research Center, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Vunckx
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Valdeolivas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Frederik Maes
- KU Leuven Medical Image Computing (ESAT/PSI), Department of Electrical Engineering & Medical Imaging Research Center, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical NMR Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Javier Fernandez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guy Bormans
- Laboratory for Radiopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; MoSAIC-Molecular Small Animal Imaging Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Van Laere
- MoSAIC-Molecular Small Animal Imaging Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cindy Casteels
- MoSAIC-Molecular Small Animal Imaging Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu E, Andrews K, Chmait S, Zhao X, Davis C, Miller S, Hill Della Puppa G, Dovlatyan M, Chen H, Lester-Zeiner D, Able J, Biorn C, Ma J, Shi J, Treanor J, Allen JR. Discovery of Novel Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A). ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:700-5. [PMID: 24944747 DOI: 10.1021/ml5000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the discovery of novel imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines as potent and selective inhibitors of PDE10A. The investigation began with our recently disclosed ketobenzimidazole 1, which exhibited single digit nanomolar PDE10A activity but poor oral bioavailability. To improve oral bioavailability, we turned to novel scaffold imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine 2, which not only retained nanomolar PDE10A activity but was also devoid of the morpholine metabolic liability. Structure-activity relationship studies were conducted systematically to examine how various regions of the molecule impacted potency. X-ray cocrystal structures of compounds 7 and 24 in human PDE10A helped to elucidate the key bonding interactions. Five of the most potent and structurally diverse imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines (4, 7, 12b, 24a, and 24b) with PDE10A IC50 values ranging from 0.8 to 6.7 nM were advanced into receptor occupancy studies. Four of them (4, 12b, 24a, and 24b) achieved 55-74% RO at 10 mg/kg po.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Essa Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kristin Andrews
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Samer Chmait
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Carl Davis
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Silke Miller
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Geraldine Hill Della Puppa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mary Dovlatyan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dianna Lester-Zeiner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jessica Able
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christopher Biorn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jianxia Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James Treanor
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Allen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Molecular
Structure, §Department of Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ∥Department of Neuroscience, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen
Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 93012-1799, United States
- Department of Molecular Structure
and Characterization, ∇Department of Neuroscience, and ○Department of
Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| |
Collapse
|