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Dai B, Gao C, Guo J, Ding M, Xu Q, He S, Mou Y, Dong H, Hu M, Dai Z, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Lin Z. A Robust Pyro-phototronic Route to Markedly Enhanced Photocatalytic Disinfection. Nano Lett 2024. [PMID: 38606881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis offers a direct, yet robust, approach to eradicate pathogenic bacteria. However, the practical implementation of photocatalytic disinfection faces a significant challenge due to low-efficiency photogenerated carrier separation and transfer. Here, we present an effective approach to improve photocatalytic disinfection performance by exploiting the pyro-phototronic effect through a synergistic combination of pyroelectric properties and photocatalytic processes. A set of comprehensive studies reveals that the temperature fluctuation-induced pyroelectric field promotes photoexcited carrier separation and transfer and thus facilitates the generation of reactive oxygen species and ultimately enhances photocatalytic disinfection performance. It is worth highlighting that the constructed film demonstrated an exceptional antibacterial efficiency exceeding 95% against pathogenic bacteria under temperature fluctuations and light irradiation. Moreover, the versatile modulation role of the pyro-phototronic effect in boosting photocatalytic disinfection was corroborated. This work paves the way for improving photocatalytic disinfection efficiency by harnessing the synergistic potential of various inherent material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chenchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiahao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qinglin Xu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaoxiong He
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 118425, Singapore
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mingao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhuo Dai
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yannan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 118425, Singapore
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2
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Min L, Sun H, Guo L, Zhou Y, Wang M, Cao F, Li L. Pyroelectric-Accelerated Perovskite Photodetector for Picosecond Light Detection and Ranging. Adv Mater 2024:e2400279. [PMID: 38548708 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is indispensable in applications such as unmanned aerial vehicles, autonomous driving, and biomimetic robots. However, the precision and available distance of LiDAR are constrained by the speed and sensitivity of the photodetector, necessitating the use of expensive and energy-consuming avalanche diodes. To address these challenges, in this study, a pyroelectricity-based acceleration strategy with 2D-(graded 3D) perovskite heterojunction is proposed to achieve a record high speed (27.7 ns with an active area of 9 mm2, and 176 ps with an active area of 0.2 mm2) and high responsivity (0.65 A W-1) at zero bias. This success is attributed to the unique mechanism where the electrons from the pyroelectric effect at the Cl-rich 2D/3D interface directly recombine with excess holes during light-dark transitions, breaking speed limitations related to carrier mobility and capacitive effect. Furthermore, the introduced pyroelectric effect significantly enhances the photoresponse, resulting in a self-powered external quantum efficiency exceeding 100%. The study also demonstrates precise position detection at the centimeter level. In conclusion, this research presents a pioneering approach for developing high-speed photodiodes with exceptional sensitivity, mitigating energy and cost concerns in LiDAR applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Min
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Haoxuan Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Linqi Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yicheng Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Fengren Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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3
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Tan S, Han X, Sun Y, Guo P, Sun X, Chai Z, Jiang L, Heng L. Light-Induced Dynamic Manipulation of Liquid Metal Droplets in the Ambient Atmosphere. ACS Nano 2024; 18:8484-8495. [PMID: 38445597 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic manipulation of liquid metal (LM) droplets, a material combining metallicity and fluidity, has recently revealed tremendous potential in developing unconstrained microrobots. LM manipulating techniques based on magnetic fields, electric fields, chemical reactions, and ion concentration gradients in liquid environments have advanced considerably, but dynamic manipulation in air remains a challenge. Herein, a photoresponsive pyroelectric superhydrophobic (PPS) platform is proposed for noncontact, flexible, and controllable manipulation in the ambient atmosphere. The PPS can generate additional free charges when illuminated by light, thus generating the driving force to manipulate liquid metal droplets. By using the synergistic effect of dielectrophoretic and electrostatic forces generated under light navigation, liquid metal droplets can achieve a series of complex motion behaviors, such as climbing slopes, going over steps, avoiding obstacles, crossing mazes, etc. We further extend the light control of liquid metal droplets to robots applied in electronic circuits, including circuit switching robots and circuit welding robots. This light strategy for manipulating liquid metal droplets provides insights into the development of intelligent, responsive interfaces and simultaneously provides possibilities for the application of liquid metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengda Tan
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pu Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyuan Chai
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liping Heng
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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4
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Wen L, Wu X, Yin J, Zhang Y, Yang D, Wu J. Realization of the Giant Pyroelectric Response via Modulated Polar Structures. Small 2024:e2307326. [PMID: 38415917 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Among pyroelectric materials, Bi0.5 Na0.5 TiO3 (BNT)-based relaxors are particularly noteworthy due to their significant polarization fluctuation near the depolarization temperature (Td ), resulting in a large pyroelectric response. What has been overlooked is the dynamic behavior of inherent polar structures, particularly the temperature-dependent evolution of polar nanoregions (PNRs), which significantly impacts the pyroelectric behavior. Herein, based on the large pyroelectric response origination (the ferroelectric-relaxor phase transition), the mixed nonergodic and ergodic relaxor (NR+ER) critical state is constructed, which is believed to trigger the easily fluctuating polarization state with excellent pyroelectric response. Composition engineering (with Li+ , Sr2+ , and Ta5+ ) strategically controls the relaxor process and modulates the dynamic behavior of inherent polar structures by the random field effect. The pyroelectric coefficient of more than 1441 µCm-2 K-1 at room temperature (RT), more than 9221 µCm-2 K-1 (RT), and ≈107911 µCm-2 K-1 (Td ) are achieved in the Li+ -doped sample, the Sr2+ -doped sample, and the (Li+ +Ta5+ ) co-doped sample, respectively. This work earns the highest RT pyroelectric coefficient in BNT-based relaxors, which is suitable for pyroelectric applications. Furthermore, it provides a strategy for modulating the pyroelectric performance of BNT-based relaxors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanji Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Diyan Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jiagang Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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5
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Cremaschini S, Cattelan A, Ferraro D, Filippi D, Marinello F, Meggiolaro A, Pierno M, Sada C, Zaltron A, Umari P, Mistura G. Trifurcated Splitting of Water Droplets on Engineered Lithium Niobate Surfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:4271-4282. [PMID: 38194671 PMCID: PMC10811617 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Controlled splitting of liquid droplets is a key function in many microfluidic applications. In recent years, various methodologies have been used to accomplish this task. Here, we present an optofluidic technique based on an engineered surface formed by coating a z-cut iron-doped lithium niobate crystal with a lubricant-infused layer, which provides a very slippery surface. Illuminating the crystal with a light spot induces surface charges of opposite signs on the two crystal faces because of the photovoltaic effect. If the light spot is sufficiently intense, millimetric water droplets placed near the illuminated spot split into two charged fragments, one fragment being trapped by the bright spot and the other moving away from it. The latter fragment does not move randomly but rather follows one of three well-defined trajectories separated by 120°, which reflect the anisotropic crystalline structure of Fe:LiNbO3. Numerical simulations explain the behavior of water droplets in the framework of the forces induced by the interplay of pyroelectric, piezoelectric, and photovoltaic effects, which originate simultaneously inside the illuminated crystal. Such a synergetic effect can provide a valuable feature in applications that require splitting and coalescence of droplets, such as chemical microreactors and biological encapsulation and screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Cremaschini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Cattelan
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Filippi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Marinello
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessio Meggiolaro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pierno
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Sada
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Annamaria Zaltron
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Umari
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Mistura
- Dipartimento di Fisica e
Astronomia “G. Galilei”, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
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6
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Wu Z, Shi X, Liu T, Xu X, Yu H, Zhang Y, Qin L, Dong X, Jia Y. Remarkable Pyro-Catalysis of g-C 3N 4 Nanosheets for Dye Decoloration under Room-Temperature Cold-Hot Cycle Excitation. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1124. [PMID: 36986019 PMCID: PMC10056075 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pyroelectric materials have the ability to convert the environmental cold-hot thermal energy such as day-night temperature alternation into electrical energy. The novel pyro-catalysis technology can be designed and realized on the basis of the product coupling between pyroelectric and electrochemical redox effects, which is helpful for the actual dye decomposition. The organic two-dimensional (2D) graphic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), as an analogue of graphite, has attracted considerable interest in the field of material science; however, its pyroelectric effect has rarely been reported. In this work, the remarkable pyro-catalytic performance was achieved in the 2D organic g-C3N4 nanosheet catalyst materials under the continuous room-temperature cold-hot thermal cycling excitation from 25 °C to 60 °C. The pyro-catalytic RhB dye decoloration efficiency of the 2D organic g-C3N4 can reach ~92.6%. Active species such as the superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals are observed as the intermediate products in the pyro-catalysis process of the 2D organic g-C3N4 nanosheets. The pyro-catalysis of the 2D organic g-C3N4 nanosheets provides efficient technology for wastewater treatment applications, utilizing the ambient cold-hot alternation temperature variations in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wu
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China; (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China; (Z.W.)
| | - Tingting Liu
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China; (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Hongjian Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China;
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Laishun Qin
- College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Xiaoping Dong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Yanmin Jia
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
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Mistewicz K. Pyroelectric Nanogenerator Based on an SbSI-TiO 2 Nanocomposite. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 22:69. [PMID: 35009611 DOI: 10.3390/s22010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, a composite of ferroelectric antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) nanowires and non-ferroelectric titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles was applied as a pyroelectric nanogenerator. SbSI nanowires were fabricated under ultrasonic treatment. Sonochemical synthesis was performed in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. The mean lateral dimension da = 68(2) nm and the length La = 2.52(7) µm of the SbSI nanowires were determined. TiO2 nanoparticles served as binders in the synthesized nanocomposite, which allowed for the preparation of dense films via the simple drop-casting method. The SbSI–TiO2 nanocomposite film was sandwiched between gold and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The Curie temperature of TC = 294(2) K was evaluated and confirmed to be consistent with the data reported in the literature for ferroelectric SbSI. The SbSI–TiO2 device was subjected to periodic thermal fluctuations. The measured pyroelectric signals were highly correlated with the temperature change waveforms. The magnitude of the pyroelectric current was found to be a linear function of the temperature change rate. The high value of the pyroelectric coefficient p = 264(7) nC/(cm2·K) was determined for the SbSI–TiO2 nanocomposite. When the rate of temperature change was equal dT/dt = 62.5 mK/s, the maximum and average surface power densities of the SbSI–TiO2 nanogenerator reached 8.39(2) and 2.57(2) µW/m2, respectively.
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Abstract
As one important subclass of piezoelectric materials, pyroelectric materials have caused increasing attention owing to the unique pyroelectric effect induced by spontaneous polarization, showing broad promising application prospects due to various electrical responses induced by time-dependent temperature variation. This review systematically introduces the pyroelectric effect and evaluation of pyroelectric materials and follows by analyzing and concluding the novel properties corresponding to four kinds of main pyroelectric materials. The emphasis of this review focuses on several significant and practical applications of pyroelectric materials in thermal energy harvesting from the external environment, pyroelectric sensing, and imaging, even some electrochemical applications including hydrogen generation, wastewater treatment, sterilization, and disinfection. Finally, the development direction of pyroelectric materials, potential challenges and opportunities in the future are all discussed and proposed. Through systematical conclusion and analysis of the latest research progress in the recent two decades, this review may provide significant guide and inspiration in the development of pyroelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Heting Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Somerset, BA2 7AK, UK
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
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9
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Yan W, Zhao C, Luo W, Zhang W, Li X, Liu D. Optically Guided Pyroelectric Manipulation of Water Droplet on a Superhydrophobic Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:23181-23190. [PMID: 33945247 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlled droplet manipulation by light has tremendous technological potential. We report here a method based on photothermally induced pyroelectric effects that enables manipulation and maneuvering of a water droplet on a superhydrophobic surface fabricated on lithium tantalite (LiTaO3). In particular, we demonstrate that the pyroelectric charge distribution has an essential role in this process. Evenly distributed charges promote a rapid hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition featuring a very large water contact angle (WCA) change of ∼76.5° in air. This process becomes fully reversible in silicone oil. In contrast, the localized charge distribution induced by guided laser illumination leads to very different and versatile functionalities, including droplet shape control and motion manipulation. The influence of a saline solution is also investigated and compared to the deionized water droplet. The focusing effect of the water droplet, a phenomenon that widely exists in nature, is particularly of interest. Simple tuning of the laser incident angle results in droplet deformation, jetting, splitting, and guided motion. Potential applications, such as droplet pinning and transfer, are presented. This approach offers a wide range of versatile functionalities and ready controllability, including contactless, electrodeless, and precise spatial and fast temporal control, with tremendous potential for applications requiring remote droplet control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishan Yan
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chaopeng Zhao
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Wenyao Luo
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Wangyang Zhang
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Duo Liu
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
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10
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Rega R, Mugnano M, Oleandro E, Tkachenko V, del Giudice D, Bagnato G, Ferraro P, Grilli S, Gangemi S. Detecting Collagen Molecules at Picogram Level through Electric Field-Induced Accumulation. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E3567. [PMID: 32599740 PMCID: PMC7349194 DOI: 10.3390/s20123567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The demand for sensors capable of measuring low-abundant collagen in human fluids has highly increased in recent years. Indeed, collagen is expected to be a biomarker for chronic diseases and could monitor their progression. Here we show detection of highly diluted samples of collagen at picogram level thanks to an innovative pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet (p-jet) system. Through the intense electric fields generated by the pyroelectric effect in a ferroelectric crystal, the collagen solution was concentrated on a small area of a slide that was appropriately functionalized to bind proteins. The collagen molecules were labeled by an appropriate fluorophore to show how the number of tiny droplets influences the limit of detection of the technique. The results show that the p-jet is extremely promising for overcoming the current detection limits of collagen-based products in human fluids, performing 10 times better than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and thus paving the way for the early diagnosis of related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Rega
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Martina Mugnano
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Emilia Oleandro
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Volodymyr Tkachenko
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Danila del Giudice
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bagnato
- Division of Pneumology, Papardo Hospital, Contrada Papardo, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Simonetta Grilli
- Department of Physical Science and Technology of Matter, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy; (M.M.); (E.O.); (V.T.); (D.d.G.); (P.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
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11
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Dai B, Fang J, Yu Y, Sun M, Huang H, Lu C, Kou J, Zhao Y, Xu Z. Construction of Infrared-Light-Responsive Photoinduced Carriers Driver for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1906361. [PMID: 32048360 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Infrared light, more than 50% of the solar light energy, is long-termly ignored in the photocatalysis field due to its low photon energy. Herein, infrared-light-responsive photoinduced carriers driver is first constructed taking advantage of pyroelectric effect for enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In order to give full play to its role, the photocatalytic reaction is localized on the surface and interface of the composite based on a new semi-immersion type heat collected photocatalytic microfiber system. The system is consisted of distinctive pyroelectric substrate poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluropropylene (PVDF-HFP), typical photothermal material carbon nanotube (CNT), and representative photocatalyst CdS. The transient photocurrent, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence and pyroelectric potential characterizations indicate that the infrared-light-responsive carriers driver significantly promotes the photogenerated charge separation, accelerates carrier migration, and prolongs carrier lifetime. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency is remarkably improved more than five times with the highest average apparent quantum yield of 16.9%. It may open up new horizons to photocatalytic technology for the more efficient use of infrared light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yunru Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Menglong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hengming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Zhongzi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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12
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Chen H, Gao Q, Qian B, Zhao L. Unusual Response of Thin LiTaO 3 Films to Intense Microwave Pulses. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12213588. [PMID: 31683633 PMCID: PMC6862326 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fundamentally different responses of a LiTaO 3 thin film detector are observed when it is subjected to short microwave pulses as the pulse intensity is altered over a wide range. We start from weak microwave pulses which lead to only trivial pyroelectric peak response. However, when the microwave pulses become intense, the normally expected pyroelectric signal seems to be suppressed and the sign of the voltage signal can even be completely changed. Analysis indicates that while the traditional pyroelectric model, which is a linear model and works fine for our data in the small regime, it does not work anymore in the large signal regime. Since the small-signal model is the key foundation of electromagnetic-wave sensors based on pyroelectric effects, such as pyroelectric infrared detecters, the observation in this work suggests that one should be cautious when using these devices in intense fields. In addition, the evolution of detector signal with respect to excitation strength suggests that the main polarisation process is changed in the large signal regime. This is of fundamental importance to the understanding on how crystalline solids interact with intense microwaves. Possible causes of the nonlinear behaviour is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojia Chen
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.
| | - Qiong Gao
- Luoyang Electronic Experiment Testing Centre, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Baoliang Qian
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.
| | - Lishan Zhao
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.
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13
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Pandey R, Vats G, Yun J, Bowen CR, Ho-Baillie AWY, Seidel J, Butler KT, Seok SI. Mutual Insight on Ferroelectrics and Hybrid Halide Perovskites: A Platform for Future Multifunctional Energy Conversion. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1807376. [PMID: 31441161 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An insight into the analogies, state-of-the-art technologies, concepts, and prospects under the umbrella of perovskite materials (both inorganic-organic hybrid halide perovskites and ferroelectric perovskites) for future multifunctional energy conversion and storage devices is provided. Often, these are considered entirely different branches of research; however, considering them simultaneously and holistically can provide several new opportunities. Recent advancements have highlighted the potential of hybrid perovskites for high-efficiency solar cells. The intrinsic polar properties of these materials, including the potential for ferroelectricity, provide additional possibilities for simultaneously exploiting several energy conversion mechanisms such as the piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and thermoelectric effect and electrical energy storage. The presence of these phenomena can support the performance of perovskite solar cells. The energy conversion using these effects (piezo-, pyro-, and thermoelectric effect) can also be enhanced by a change in the light intensity. Thus, there lies a range of possibilities for tuning the structural, electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of perovskites to simultaneously harvest energy using more than one mechanism to realize an improved efficiency. This requires a basic understanding of concepts, mechanisms, corresponding material properties, and the underlying physics involved with these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Pandey
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India
| | - Gaurav Vats
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jae Yun
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Anita W Y Ho-Baillie
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jan Seidel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Keith Tobias Butler
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Sang Il Seok
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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14
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Song K, Zhao R, Wang ZL, Yang Y. Conjuncted Pyro-Piezoelectric Effect for Self-Powered Simultaneous Temperature and Pressure Sensing. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1902831. [PMID: 31276258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric materials use both the pyroelectric effect and piezoelectric effect for energy conversion. A ferroelectric BaTiO3 -based pyro-piezoelectric sensor system is demonstrated to detect temperature and pressure simultaneously. The voltage signal of the device is found to enhance with increasing temperature difference with a sensitivity of about 0.048 V °C-1 and with applied pressure with a sensitivity of about 0.044 V kPa-1 . Moreover, no interference appears in the output voltage signals when piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity are conjuncted in the device. A novel 4 × 4 array sensor system is developed to sense real-time temperature and pressure variations induced by a finger. This system has potential applications in machine intelligence and man-machine interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rudai Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, P. R. China
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15
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Sim M, Lee KH, Shin KS, Shin JH, Choi JW, Choi H, Moon C, Kim HS, Cho Y, Cha SN, Jung JE, Sohn JI, Jang JE. Electronic Skin to Feel "Pain": Detecting "Prick" and "Hot" Pain Sensations. Soft Robot 2019; 6:745-759. [PMID: 31335257 DOI: 10.1089/soro.2018.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An artificial tactile system has attracted tremendous interest and intensive study, since it can be applied as a new functional interface between humans and electronic devices. Unfortunately, most previous works focused on improving the sensitivity of sensors. However, humans also respond to psychological feelings for sensations such as pain, softness, or roughness, which are important factors for interacting with others and objects. Here, we present an electronic skin concept that generates a "pain" warning signal, specifically, to sharp "prick" and "hot" sensations. To simplify the sensor structure for these two feelings, a single-body tactile sensor design is proposed. By exploiting "hot" feeling based on the Seebeck effect instead of the pyroelectric property, it is possible to distinguish points registering a "hot" feeling from those generating a "prick" feeling, which is based on the piezoelectric effect. The control of free carrier concentration in nanowire induced the appropriate level of Seebeck current, which enabled the sensor system to be more reliable. The first derivatives of the piezo and Seebeck output signals are the key factors for the signal processing of the "pain" feeling. The main idea can be applied to mimic other psychological tactile feelings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Sim
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Lee
- IMEP-LAHC, Grenoble Institute of Technology(Minatec), Grenoble, France
| | - Kwon Sik Shin
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Shin
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Choi
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Hongsoo Choi
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Cheil Moon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Kim
- Department of Applied Physics and Material Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Yuljae Cho
- Department of Electrical Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Seung Nam Cha
- Department of Electrical Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jae Eun Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Inn Sohn
- Department of Electrical Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jae Eun Jang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
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16
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Rega R, Gennari O, Mecozzi L, Pagliarulo V, Mugnano M, Oleandro E, Nazzaro F, Ferraro P, Grilli S. Pyro-Electrification of Freestanding Polymer Sheets: A New Tool for Cation-Free Manipulation of Cell Adhesion in vitro. Front Chem 2019; 7:429. [PMID: 31275921 PMCID: PMC6594357 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized electric fields have become, in recent years, a source of inspiration to researchers and laboratories thanks to a huge amount of applications derived from it, including positioning of microparticles as building blocks for electrical, optical, and magnetic devices. The possibility of producing polymeric materials with surface charge thus opens new perspectives for applications where process simplicity and cost-effectiveness of flexible electronics are of fundamental importance. In particular, the influence of surface charges is widely studied and is a critical issue especially when new materials and functional technologies are introduced. Here, we report a voltage-free pyro-electrification (PE) process able to induce a permanent dipole orientation into polymer sheets under both mono- and bipolar distribution. The technique makes use of the pyroelectric effect for generating electric potentials on the order of kilovolts by an easy-to-accomplish thermal treatment of ferroelectric lithium niobate (LN) crystals. The PE allows us to avoid the expensive and time-consuming fabrication of high-power electrical circuits, as occurs in traditional generator-based techniques. Since the technique is fully compatible with spin-coating-based procedures, the pyro-electrified polymer sheets are easily peeled off the surface of the LN crystal after PE completion, thus providing highly stable and freestanding charged sheets. We show the reliability of the technique for different polymers and for different applications ranging from live cell patterning to biofilm formation tests for bacteria linked to food-processing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Rega
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Oriella Gennari
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Laura Mecozzi
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Vito Pagliarulo
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Martina Mugnano
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Emilia Oleandro
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Filomena Nazzaro
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISA), Avellino, Italy
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Simonetta Grilli
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
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17
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Pandya S, Velarde GA, Gao R, Everhardt AS, Wilbur JD, Xu R, Maher JT, Agar JC, Dames C, Martin LW. Understanding the Role of Ferroelastic Domains on the Pyroelectric and Electrocaloric Effects in Ferroelectric Thin Films. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1803312. [PMID: 30515861 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Temperature- and electric-field-induced structural transitions in a polydomain ferroelectric can have profound effects on its electrothermal susceptibilities. Here, the role of such ferroelastic domains on the pyroelectric and electrocaloric response is experimentally investigated in thin films of the tetragonal ferroelectric PbZr0.2 Ti0.8 O3 . By utilizing epitaxial strain, a rich set of ferroelastic polydomain states spanning a broad thermodynamic phase space are stabilized. Using temperature-dependent scanning-probe microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high-frequency phase-sensitive pyroelectric measurements, the propensity of domains to reconfigure under a temperature perturbation is quantitatively studied. In turn, the "extrinsic" contributions to pyroelectricity exclusively due to changes between the ferroelastic domain population is elucidated as a function of epitaxial strain. Further, using highly sensitive thin-film resistive thermometry, direct electrocaloric temperature changes are measured on these polydomain thin films for the first time. The results demonstrate that temperature- and electric-field-driven domain interconversion under compressive strain diminish both the pyroelectric and the electrocaloric effects, while both these susceptibilities are enhanced due to the exact-opposite effect from the extrinsic contributions under tensile strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Pandya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Gabriel A Velarde
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ran Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Arnoud S Everhardt
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Joshua D Wilbur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ruijuan Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Josh T Maher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Joshua C Agar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chris Dames
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lane W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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18
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Rega R, Gennari O, Mecozzi L, Pagliarulo V, Bramanti A, Ferraro P, Grilli S. Maskless Arrayed Nanofiber Mats by Bipolar Pyroelectrospinning. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:3382-3387. [PMID: 30609347 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The numerous advantages of micro- and nanostructures produced by electrospinning (ES) have stimulated enormous interest in this technology with potential application in several fields. However, ES still has some limitations in controlling the geometrical arrangement of the fiber mats so that expensive and time-consuming technologies are usually employed for producing ordered geometries. Here we present a technique that we call "bipolar pyroelectrospinning" (b-PES) for generating ordered arrays of fiber mats in a direct manner by using the bipolar pyroelectric field produced by a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal (PPLN). The b-PES is free from expensive electrodes, nozzles, and masks because it makes use simply of the structured pyroelectric field produced by the PPLN crystal used as collector. The results show clearly the reliability of the technique in producing a wide variety of arrayed fiber mats that could find application in bioengineering or many other fields. Preliminary results of live cells patterning under controlled geometrical constraints is also reported and discussed in order to show potential exploitation as a scaffold in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Rega
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | - Oriella Gennari
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | - Laura Mecozzi
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | - Vito Pagliarulo
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Contrada Casazza SS113 , 98124 Messina , Italy
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | - Simonetta Grilli
- National Research Council (CNR) , Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI) 'E. Caianiello' , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
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19
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Hsiao CC, Liang BH. The Generated Entropy Monitored by Pyroelectric Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:s18103320. [PMID: 30282945 PMCID: PMC6209989 DOI: 10.3390/s18103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Entropy generation in irreversible processes is a critical issue that affects the failure and aging of electrical, chemical or mechanical systems. The promotion of energy conversion efficiency needs to reduce energy losses, namely to decrease entropy generation. A pyroelectric type of entropy detector is proposed to monitor energy conversion processes in real time. The entropy generation rate can be derived from the induced pyroelectric current, temperature, thermal capacity, pyroelectric coefficient and electrode area. It is profitable to design entropy detectors to maintain a small thermal capacity while pyroelectric sensors minimize geometrical dimensions. Moreover, decreasing the electrode area of the PZT cells could avoid affecting the entropy variation of the measured objects, but the thickness of the cells has to be greatly reduced to promote the temperature variation rate and strengthen the electrical signals. A commercial capacitor with a capacitance of 47 μF and a maximum endured voltage of 4 V were used to estimate the entropy to act as an indicator of the capacitors’ time-to-failure. The threshold time was evaluated by using the entropy generation rates at about 7.5 s, 11.25 s, 20 s and 30 s for the applied voltages of 40 V, 35 V, 30 V and 25 V respectively, while using a PZT cell with dimensions of 3 mm square and a thickness of 200 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ching Hsiao
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, National Formosa University, No. 64, Wunhua Rd., Huwei Township, Yunlin County 632, Taiwan.
- Smart Machine and Intelligent Manufacturing Research Center, National Formosa University, No. 64, Wunhua Rd., Huwei Township, Yunlin County 632, Taiwan.
| | - Bo-Hao Liang
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, National Formosa University, No. 64, Wunhua Rd., Huwei Township, Yunlin County 632, Taiwan.
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20
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Gennari O, Marchesano V, Rega R, Mecozzi L, Nazzaro F, Fratianni F, Coppola R, Masucci L, Mazzon E, Bramanti A, Ferraro P, Grilli S. Pyroelectric Effect Enables Simple and Rapid Evaluation of Biofilm Formation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:15467-15476. [PMID: 29676891 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are detrimental to human life and industrial processes due to potential infections, contaminations, and deterioration. Therefore, the evaluation of microbial capability to form biofilms is of fundamental importance for assessing how different environmental factors may affect their vitality. Nowadays, the approaches used for biofilm evaluation are still poor in reliability and rapidity and often provide contradictory results. Here, we present what we call biofilm electrostatic test (BET) as a simple, rapid, and highly reproducible tool for evaluating in vitro the ability of bacteria to form biofilms through electrostatic interaction with a pyroelectrified carrier. The results show how the BET is able to produce viable biofilms with a density 6-fold higher than that on the control, after just 2 h incubation. The BET could pave the way to a rapid standardization of the evaluation of bacterial resistance among biofilm-producing microorganisms. In fact, due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, it is well suited for a rapid and easy implementation in a microbiology laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Gennari
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
| | - V Marchesano
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
| | - R Rega
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
| | - L Mecozzi
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
| | - F Nazzaro
- Institute of Food Sciences , National Research Council (CNR-ISA) , Via Roma 64 , 83100 Avellino , Italy
| | - F Fratianni
- Institute of Food Sciences , National Research Council (CNR-ISA) , Via Roma 64 , 83100 Avellino , Italy
| | - R Coppola
- DIAA-University of Molise , Via de Sanctis, snc , 86100 Campobasso , Italy
| | - L Masucci
- Institute of Microbiology , Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, "A. Gemelli" Foundation , Largo A. Gemelli 8 , 00168 Rome , Italy
| | - E Mazzon
- IRCCS Centre for Neuroscience Bonino-Pulejo , Strada Statale 113 , 98124 Messina , Italy
| | - A Bramanti
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
- IRCCS Centre for Neuroscience Bonino-Pulejo , Strada Statale 113 , 98124 Messina , Italy
| | - P Ferraro
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
| | - S Grilli
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems , National Research Council (CNR-ISASI) , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli (NA) , Italy
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Ma N, Zhang K, Yang Y. Photovoltaic-Pyroelectric Coupled Effect Induced Electricity for Self-Powered Photodetector System. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1703694. [PMID: 29058793 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric materials have demonstrated novel photovoltaic effect to scavenge solar energy. However, most of the ferroelectric materials with wide bandgaps (2.7-4 eV) suffer from low power conversion efficiency of less than 0.5% due to absorbing only 8-20% of solar spectrum. Instead of harvesting solar energy, these ferroelectric materials can be well suited for photodetector applications, especially for sensing near-UV irradiations. Here, a ferroelectric BaTiO3 film-based photodetector is demonstrated that can be operated without using any external power source and a fast sensing of 405 nm light illumination is enabled. As compared with photovoltaic effect, both the responsivity and the specific detectivity of the photodetector can be dramatically enhanced by larger than 260% due to the light-induced photovoltaic-pyroelectric coupled effect. A self-powered photodetector array system can be utilized to achieve spatially resolved light intensity detection by recording the output voltage signals as a mapping figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ya Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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