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Wang Q, Jiang XX, Que YZ, Wan XY, Lin CQ. Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence in Rural Fujian, China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:1101-1112. [PMID: 38707519 PMCID: PMC11069356 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s457332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose With China's rapidly aging population and the rising proportion of obese people, an increase in the number of women suffering from urinary incontinence (UI) is to be expected. In order to identify high-risk groups before leakage occurs, we aimed to develop and validate a model to predict the risk of stress UI (SUI) in rural women. Patients and methods This study included women aged 20-70 years in rural Fujian who participated in an epidemiologic survey of female UI conducted between June and October 2022. Subsequently the data was randomly divided into training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors as well as to further construct a nomogram for risk prediction. Finally, concordance index (C-index), calibration curve and decision curve analysis were applied to evaluate the performance of the predictive models. Results A total of 5290 rural females were enrolled, of whom 771 (14.6%) had SUI. Age, body mass index (BMI), postmenopausal status, number of vaginal deliveries, vaginal delivery of large infant, constipation and family history of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and SUI were included in the nomogram. C-index of this prediction model for the training and validation sets was 0.835 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.818-0.851) and 0.829 (95% CI = 0.796-0.858), respectively, and the calibration curves and decision analysis curves for both the training and validation sets showed that the model was well-calibrated and had a positive net benefit. Conclusion This model accurately estimated the SUI risk of rural women in Fujian, which may serve as an effective primary screening tool for the early identification of SUI risk and provide a basis for further implementation of individualized early intervention. Moreover, the model is concise and intuitive, which makes it more operational for rural women with scarce medical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Zhen Que
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shaxian General Hospital, Sanming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shaxian General Hospital, Sanming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao-Qin Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Zhu L, Zhou Q, Huang Z, Yang Y, Yang Y, Du Y, Zhao Y, Yu X, Li T, Chen W. Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Awareness in Rural Southwest China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:509-518. [PMID: 38533523 PMCID: PMC10964776 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s453857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the current knowledge level of breast cancer among rural women in Southwest China and analyze the influencing factors of breast cancer cognition. Methods From May to November 2022, 1468 rural women were invited to participate in this study. Demographic information and the Chinese version of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (C-BCAM) were collected through one-on-one investigations. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS 26.0. Results The study included a total of 1468 rural women with a median age of 54.0 (IQR, 47.0, 60.0).The average score of breast cancer in the study population was 73.0 (IQR, 66.0, 82.0). Among women in Southwest China, the awareness rates of knowledge on breast cancer symptoms, barriers to seeking medical help, and risk factors were 68.8%, 98.4%, and 62.1%, respectively. The awareness rate was found to increase with higher education levels (P<0.001) and decrease with increasing age (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three variables that might influence breast cancer awareness: education level, contraceptive measures, and history of breast disease (all P<0.05). Specifically, history of breast disease (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.907, 95% CI = 1.128 ~ 3.223), middle school education (OR = 2.155, 95% CI = 1.585 ~ 2.928), and junior college education and above (OR = 5.536, 95% CI = 1.898 ~ 16.148) were positive factors for women's breast cancer awareness. Conversely, the use of intrauterine devices (OR = 0.523, 95% CI = 0.384 ~ 0.712) was found to be a negative factor for women's breast cancer awareness. Conclusion This study highlights the insufficient awareness of breast cancer among women in rural area of Southwest China. It emphasizes the necessity of health education to improve female breast cancer awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhu
- College of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- College of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyue Huang
- Mianyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- Yanting County Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Du
- Yanting County Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Zhao
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingyuan Li
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People’s Republic of China
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Mpofu L, Ganga-Limando M. The lived experiences of HIV-positive women in rural Zimbabwe: A qualitative focus group study. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2024; 66:e1-e8. [PMID: 38572873 PMCID: PMC11019049 DOI: 10.4102/safp.v66i1.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study explored and described the meaning attached to the lived experiences of women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the rural context of Zimbabwe. Stigma and discrimination negatively impact one's ability to perform the expected social roles, the quality of life, and the efforts to prevent the spread of HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and reduce HIV-related mortality. Thus, the study aims to understand the meaning attached to the lived experiences of HIV-positive women living in rural areas or villages of Matabeleland South province in Zimbabwe. METHODS The study used a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory design. Four focus group discussions were conducted with 24 HIV-positive rural women living in Matabeleland South province, Zimbabwe. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was adopted to explore and describe the meaning attached to the lived experiences of women living with HIV. RESULTS Two interconnected themes were identified in the analysis with their sub-themes. These were: (1) struggle for social belonging, with subthemes - loss of social belonging and reduced access to community-based empowerment opportunities and (2) struggle for maintaining the quality of life with subthemes - lack of need-based community healthcare and food insecurity. CONCLUSION Being a woman living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe means a perpetual struggle to maintain one's humanness and quality of life.Contribution: This study's results will support the efforts of the Zimbabwean government to improve the quality of life of HIV-positive women living in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limkile Mpofu
- Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria.
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Sivasubramanian N, Pinalben Madhabhai C, Shilpa Gottlieb A, Mahalakshmi B, Vaghela P, Garg S. Knowledge, attitudes and demographic effect on menopausal experiences among Indian rural women. Bioinformation 2024; 20:175-179. [PMID: 38497080 PMCID: PMC10941773 DOI: 10.6026/973206300200175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The menopausal experiences of women in selected rural areas of Visnagar, addressing a research gap within cultural and socio-economic landscapes is of interest. The global aging trend was reflected in the 26% representation of women aged 50 and over in the study. Employing a cross-sectional design, 200 menopausal women were sampled through stratified random sampling, emphasizing demographic diversity. Results from a structured Knowledge Questionnaire and a Likert Scale for Attitude revealed that women generally possessed commendable knowledge (mean score 10.94) and positive attitudes (mean score 28.66) toward menopause. Significant associations between age, education, occupation, and income with knowledge and attitudes were uncovered through chi-square tests. This study underscored the need for tailored interventions in rural settings, considering the influence of cultural, regional, and demographic factors on menopausal experiences. The findings contributed to bridging the research gap and emphasized the importance of individualized approaches for promoting the well-being of menopausal women in rural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sivasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
| | - Chaudhari Pinalben Madhabhai
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
| | - Amita Shilpa Gottlieb
- Department of obstetric and gynaecological Nursing, Graphic Era College of Nursing, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand -248002, India
| | - B Mahalakshmi
- Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
| | - Payal Vaghela
- Department of Community health Nursing, College of Nursing, S.G.R.R University, Dehradun, Uttarkhand - 248001, India
| | - Sandeep Garg
- Mewar Bsc Nursing College, Udaipur, Rajasthan - 313001, India
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Zhang Q, Zhang W, Xu T, Song J, Li S, Zhang H, Fu X. Analysis of the current state of cervical cancer prevention awareness and its influencing factors among rural women in Luohe City. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e35136. [PMID: 38363922 PMCID: PMC10869039 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the current awareness about cervical cancer prevention among rural women in Luohe City as well as its potential influencing factors. Meanwhile, these data were expected to provide a theoretical basis for Luohe future cervical cancer prevention and therapy. Based on geographical distribution, 40 villages in Luohe City were randomly selected, and questionnaires were given to women in each village. In this study, a total of 4665 questionnaires were distributed, and 4561 valid questionnaires were returned, with a recovery rate of 97.98%. The average score was 4.06 ± 2.46 out of 10. It was found that women had a high awareness rate of cervical cancer screening (55.25%) but a low awareness rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine (10.17%). Moreover, univariate and multivariable analyses showed that age > 45 years, low household income, low education level, being a farmer, spouse unemployment, no pregnancy or birth delivery history, no family or personal history of cervical disease, and no previous complimentary 2-cancer screening (i.e., breast cancer and cervical cancer) were all factors influencing the cognitive level of rural women in Luohe City (P < .05). However, ethnicity, marital status, and spouse education level were not correlated with cognitive level (P > .05). In conclusion, low awareness of cervical cancer prevention among rural women in Luohe was correlated with individual, family, and social factors. So it was recommended to cultivate the rural population knowledge, optimize screening strategies, and conduct targeted cervical cancer prevention and treatment in rural regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe, Henan province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Fertility Protection and Aristogenesis, Luohe, Henan province, China
| | - Weikai Zhang
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Vocational and Technical College, Luoyang, Henan province, China
- Department of Food and Medicine, Luoyang Vocational and Technical College, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Tenghan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe, Henan province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Fertility Protection and Aristogenesis, Luohe, Henan province, China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan province, China
| | - Suhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe, Henan province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Fertility Protection and Aristogenesis, Luohe, Henan province, China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, Luoyang Vocational and Technical College, Luoyang, Henan province, China
| | - Xiuhong Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe, Henan province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Fertility Protection and Aristogenesis, Luohe, Henan province, China
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Appiah-Effah E, Boakye K, Salihu T, Duku GA, Fenteng JOD, Boateng G, Appiah F, Nyarko KB. Determinants of Open Defecation Among Rural Women in Ghana: Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys. Environ Health Insights 2024; 18:11786302241226774. [PMID: 38269144 PMCID: PMC10807390 DOI: 10.1177/11786302241226774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Open defecation continuously remains a major global sanitation challenge, contributing to an estimated 1.6 million deaths per year. Ghana ranks second in Africa for open defecation and had the fourth-lowest sanitation coverage in 2010. Evidence indicates that about 32% of the rural Ghanaian population still practice open defecation due to lack of access to basic sanitation facilities, drifting the country from achieving universal access to sanitation by 2030. Women, particularly those in rural areas, are disproportionately affected by open defecation, facing heightened health risks, harassment, and a loss of dignity. Even though previous studies on open defecation in Ghana exist, they lack national representation and neglect women in rural residents who are disproportionally affected by the repercussions of open defecation. Examining that rural women will contribute to heightening their own vulnerability to health risks by practising open defecation is essential to bridging the literature gap on open defecation practices among rural women. The study investigated determinants of open defecation among rural women in Ghana using data from the female files of the 2003, 2008 and 2014 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). A total of 4,284 rural women with complete information on variables of interest were included in the study. The outcome variable was 'open defecation', whilst 14 key explanatory variables (e.g., age, education, wealth status, among others) were used. Two logistic regression models were built, and the outputs were reported in odds ratio. Descriptively, 42 in every 100 women aged 15 to 49 practiced open defecation (n = 1811, 95% CI = 49-52). Open defecation (OD) significantly correlated with educational attainment, wealth status, religion, access to mass media, partner's education, and zone of residence. The likelihood of practicing open defecation reduced among those with formal education [aOR = 0.69, CI = 0.56-0.85], those whose partners had formal education [aOR = 0.64, CI = 0.52-0.80], women in the rich wealth quintile [aOR = 0.12, CI = 0.07-0.20], the traditionalist [aOR = 0.33, CI = 0.19-0.57], and those who had access to mass media [aOR = 0.70, CI = 0.57-0.85]. Residents in the Savannah zone had higher odds of openly defecating [aOR = 21.06, CI = 15.97-27.77]. The prevalence of open defecation is disproportionately pro-poor, which indicates that impoverished rural women are more likely to perform it. Public health initiatives should aim to close the rich-poor divide in OD practice among rural women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Appiah-Effah
- Regional Water and Environmental Sanitation Centre, Kumasi (RWESCK), Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Kingsley Boakye
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Tarif Salihu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Godwin Armstrong Duku
- Regional Water and Environmental Sanitation Centre, Kumasi (RWESCK), Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - George Boateng
- Department of Social Science, Berekum College of Education, Berekum, Ghana
| | - Francis Appiah
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Social Science, Berekum College of Education, Berekum, Ghana
| | - Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko
- Regional Water and Environmental Sanitation Centre, Kumasi (RWESCK), Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Relyea MR, Kinney RL, DeRycke EC, Haskell S, Mattocks KM, Bastian LA. Evaluating an Enterprise-Wide Initiative to enhance healthcare coordination for rural women Veterans using the RE-AIM framework. Front Health Serv 2024; 3:1237701. [PMID: 38282637 PMCID: PMC10811198 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2023.1237701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The Veterans Health Administration (VA) Office of Rural Health (ORH) and Office of Women's Health Services (OWH) in FY21 launched a three-year Enterprise-Wide Initiative (EWI) to expand access to preventive care for rural, women Veterans. Through this program, women's health care coordinators (WHCC) were funded to coordinate mammography, cervical cancer screening and maternity care for women Veterans at selected VA facilities. We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation using the RE-AIM framework to assess the program implementation. Materials and methods We collected quantitative data from the 14 program facilities on reach (i.e., Veterans served by the program), effectiveness (e.g., cancer screening compliance, communication), adoption, and maintenance of women's health care coordinators (WHCC) in FY2022. Implementation of the program was examined through semi-structured interviews with the facility WHCC funding initiator (e.g., the point of contact at facility who initiated the request for WHCC funding), WHCCs, and providers. Results Reach. The number of women Veterans and rural women Veterans served by the WHCC program grew (by 50% and 117% respectively). The program demonstrated effectiveness as screening rates increased for cervical and breast cancer screening (+0.9% and +.01%, respectively). Also, maternity care coordination phone encounters with Veterans grew 36%. Adoption: All facilities implemented care coordinators by quarter two of FY22. Implementation. Qualitative findings revealed facilitators and barriers to successful program implementation and care coordination. Maintenance: The EWI facilitated the recruitment and retention of WHCCs at respective VA facilities over time. Implications In rural areas, WHCCs can play a critical role in increasing Reach and effectiveness. The EWI demonstrated to be a successful care coordination model that can be feasibly Adopted, Implemented, and Maintained at rural VA facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Relyea
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Kinney
- VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Leeds, MA, United States
- Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Eric C. DeRycke
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sally Haskell
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Kristin M. Mattocks
- VA Central Western Massachusetts Healthcare System, Leeds, MA, United States
- Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Lori A. Bastian
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Rawl SM, Baltic R, Monahan PO, Stump TE, Hyer M, Ennis AC, Walunis J, Renick K, Hinshaw K, Paskett ED, Champion VL, Katz ML. Receipt, uptake, and satisfaction with tailored DVD and patient navigation interventions to promote cancer screening among rural women. Transl Behav Med 2023; 13:879-890. [PMID: 37708322 PMCID: PMC10724168 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Process evaluation is essential to understanding and interpreting the results of randomized trials testing the effects of behavioral interventions. A process evaluation was conducted as part of a comparative effectiveness trial testing a mailed, tailored interactive digital video disc (DVD) with and without telephone-based patient navigation (PN) to promote breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening among rural women who were not up-to-date (UTD) for at least one screening test. Data on receipt, uptake, and satisfaction with the interventions were collected via telephone interviews from 542 participants who received the tailored interactive DVD (n = 266) or the DVD plus telephone-based PN (n = 276). All participants reported receiving the DVD and 93.0% viewed it. The most viewed sections of the DVD were about colorectal, followed by breast, then cervical cancer screening. Most participants agreed the DVD was easy to understand, helpful, provided trustworthy information, and gave information needed to make a decision about screening. Most women in the DVD+PN group, 98.2% (n = 268), reported talking with the navigator. The most frequently discussed cancer screenings were colorectal (86.8%) and breast (71.3%); 57.5% discussed cervical cancer screening. The average combined length of PN encounters was 22.2 minutes with 21.7 additional minutes spent on coordinating activities. Barriers were similar across screening tests with the common ones related to the provider/health care system, lack of knowledge, forgetfulness/too much bother, and personal issues. This evaluation provided information about the implementation and delivery of behavioral interventions as well as challenges encountered that may impact trial results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Rawl
- Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ryan Baltic
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Patrick O Monahan
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Timothy E Stump
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Madison Hyer
- Center for Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alysha C Ennis
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jean Walunis
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Karen Hinshaw
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Electra D Paskett
- College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Victoria L Champion
- School of Nursing, Indiana University, Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mira L Katz
- College of Public Health, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Arango-Angarita A, González-Moreno A, Tercero-Gómez F, Mundo Rosas V, Deschak C, Shamah-Levy T. Food Insecurity is Associated with Low Dietary Diversity in Rural Women in Mexico: Results from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, ENSANUT 2018. Ecol Food Nutr 2023; 62:286-307. [PMID: 37743739 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2023.2259805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Rural women suffer greater vulnerability to food insecurity (FI) compared to their urban or male counterparts. We analyzed the association between food security (FS) status and dietary diversity (DD) in rural women through data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2018 from 2,099 rural women. DD was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. FS was measured using the Latin America and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The prevalence of any level of FI was 70.1%. Mean DD score was 3.8. Mild FI was associated with low DD (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.06, 2.10). Results highlight the need for government strategies targeted to this population sector to improve their diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arango-Angarita
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandra González-Moreno
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Francia Tercero-Gómez
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Verónica Mundo Rosas
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Caroline Deschak
- International Health and Development, ICF International, Rockville, Maryland, US
| | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Li J, Li X, Sheng X. Four-year analysis of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1251440. [PMID: 37799153 PMCID: PMC10548205 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1251440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to address the existing data gap regarding the status of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and the distribution of HR-HPV subtypes among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet. The research objectives include providing insights for HPV vaccine development. Methods The research collected data from two rounds of cancer screening conducted among rural women in Nyingchi City, Tibet, from 2019 to 2022. HR-HPV subtype gene detection was performed using the PCR fluorescence method on the collected samples. And then analyzed the HR-HPV infection rate among rural women in Nyingchi City, Tibet, as well as the infection rate of different HR-HPV subtypes and their distribution across different age groups. A comparison was made between the infection rates of women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and those in Nyingchi City. Results A total of 15,687 cases included. The overall HR-HPV infection rate among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, was 13.00% (2040/15,687), which was significantly higher than the rate among women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (7.82% (9,249/118,237); χ2 = 635.7, p < 0.001). The highest HPV infection rate was observed in the 35-39 age group, with a rate of 15.31% (499/3260), which was significantly higher than the rate of 7.22% (1827/25,322) among women in the same age group in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (χ2 = 253.00, p < 0.001). The lowest HPV infection rate was found in the 50-54 age group, with a rate of 9.69% (246/2540), which was statistically different from the rate of 8.14% (1,604/19,698) among women in the same age group outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (χ2 = 17.68, p < 0.001). The top three HR-HPV subtypes among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, were HPV52 (20.15%, 411/2040), HPV16 (12.45%, 254/2040), and HPV58 (11.96%, 244/2040). These findings align with the top three HR-HPV subtypes among women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Furthermore, the top three HR-HPV subtypes among women aged 35-39, 40-44, and 45-49 in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, were HPV52, HPV16, and HPV58. In conclusion, the HR-HPV infection rate among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, is significantly higher compared to women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with consistent patterns observed in the distribution of the top three HR-HPV subtypes between the two regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People’s Hospital of Bomi, Nyingchi, Tibet, China
| | - Xiujie Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Miao X, Han J, Wang S, Han B. Impacts of family care for children and the elderly on women's employment: evidence from rural China. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1208749. [PMID: 37786482 PMCID: PMC10541970 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1208749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction China's traditional culture makes rural women and men take on different family responsibilities. Methods Use "China Family Panel Studies" (CFPS) data and build Logit and propensity score matching models to empirically study the impact of children care and elderly care on rural married women going out to work. And explore the welfare effects of basic education public services in helping rural women take care of their families. Results The results show that caring for children has a significant hindering effect on rural married women's job hunting. Especially for those in low-income families, the employment inhibition is most significant among women aged 20-30 with multiple children. Contrary to previous cognition, supporting the elderly has a certain weak stimulating effect. The kindergarten public services in rural areas can help women take care of their children and relieve their work pressure. The primary school public services have not played a role in alleviating them. Discussion This shows that there are still a large number of female laborers in rural China who are unable to go out to work due to family care. The improvement of rural basic education public services can promote more rural women going out to work. This finding will provide a policy reference for the introduction of a formal care system and the establishment of basic education public services in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Miao
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiqin Han
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bing Han
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Tassembedo S, Winter CH, Traore IT, Ouattara A, Sawadogo M, Meda N. Cervical pre-cancer screening by visual inspection of the cervix after application of acetic acid in rural Burkina Faso: evaluation of women's knowledge, screening practice habits, acceptability and prevalence of risk factors and lesions in Boussé health district. Pan Afr Med J 2023; 45:135. [PMID: 37790161 PMCID: PMC10543905 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.135.36933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction cervical cancer is a major public health problem among women in sub-Saharan Africa. The disease can be controlled through early diagnosis through simple cost-effective methods such as visual inspection of the cervix after application of acetic acid or lugol´s iodine. However, screening for cervical cancer is still underused particularly in rural areas of Burkina Faso. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of cervical pre-cancer cancer in rural health district of Boussé, Burkina Faso. Methods we conducted a cross-sectional study in the health district of Boussé in Northern-Central Burkina Faso from July to August 2014. Women aged 23-50 years were interviewed about their knowledge of cervical cancer and their screening practice and subsequently screened for cervical cancer by VIA. Results a total of 418 participants were included with a median age of 34 years IQR (30-40 years). Two2 hundred participants (48%) had never heard about cervical cancer. About 134 participants (32%) knew at least one risk factor of cervical cancer. Only 37 women (9%) reported ever being screened for cervical cancer. Twenty-two percent reported concurrent sexual partnerships. The majority of the women (92%) are willing to pay to get screened for cervical pre-cancer by VIA. Overall, 21 participants (5%) were diagnosed with a cervical lesion by VIA and all of them accepted treatment with Loop electro surgical procedure. Conclusion screening by VIA is feasible in rural Burkina Faso, but there is a poor knowledge on cervical cancer amongst the women. There is a need to set up a comprehensive, systematic, affordable and efficient cervical cancer program including an information campaign and making screening accessible in rural remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souleymane Tassembedo
- Centre MURAZ Research Institute, Infectious Diseases Research Programme, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Isidore Tiandiogo Traore
- Centre MURAZ Research Institute, Infectious Diseases Research Programme, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Nazi Boni University, Department of Public Health, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Adama Ouattara
- Centre for International Research in Health, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Mamadou Sawadogo
- Yalgado Ouedraogo Research and Training Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Nicolas Meda
- Centre MURAZ Research Institute, Infectious Diseases Research Programme, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- University of Ouagadougou, Department of Public Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Sahoo KC, Dash GC, Panda S, Kshatri JS, Uddin A, Pattnaik M, Sahoo RK, Diwedi R, Palo SK, Bhattacharya D, Pati S. Impact of smokeless cooking fuel use on health status of women in a rural setting of eastern India. Int J Environ Health Res 2023; 33:464-472. [PMID: 35128996 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2035324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable development goals (SDG 7.1) reinforce to ensure that everyone has access to affordable, safe and renewable energy. In India, women are typically responsible for cooking and are most vulnerable to household air contaminants. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional comparative study in Odisha, India between exclusive LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) users and non-LPG users. A total of 900 women, 450 from each group, were randomly selected. The LPG-users had a better predictor of physical, psychological, social, and environmental wellbeing than non-LPG users. We found the ophthalmic disorders (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.87, 95% CI 1.16-7.10, p = .023), asthma (AOR 2.05, 95% CI 1.15-3.65, p = .015), and ALRI (acute lower respiratory infections) (AOR 9.19, 95% CI 2.06-40.96, p < .004) were significantly higher in non-LPG users in comparison to LPG users. Access to smokeless cooking fuel will improve women's quality of life by eliminating the consumption of biofuel and thereby providing a healthier cooking environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Girish Chandra Dash
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subhashree Panda
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Jaya Singh Kshatri
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Azhar Uddin
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Matrujyoti Pattnaik
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rinshu Diwedi
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subrat Kumar Palo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Debdutta Bhattacharya
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar, India
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Cloete E, House A, Velasquez LD, Calderon M, Lopez J, Rivera R, Rivera L, Handley L. "I left my shyness behind": Sustainable community-led development and processes of motivation among rural Nicaraguan women. J Community Psychol 2023; 51:860-879. [PMID: 36041208 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores motivational changes of Nicaraguan women involved in sustainable community-led development. Sustainability is the goal of many organizations engaged with capacity development interventions. Research on what such sustainability entails point to a correlation between sustained action by communities, postintervention, and high levels of social capital, collective agency, and efficacy. But what factors motivate people to develop the social capital, self-efficacy, and agency that enable them to sustain their actions towards their communities' well-being? Using Self-Determination Theory as framework, and drawing from interview data, this qualitative paper explores the psychosocial processes rural Nicaraguan women undergo when initially engaging in, and eventually committing to community-led projects. Types of motivation in combination with shifts from initial to more sustained forms of motivation, we conclude, can inform current and future community development interventions on the role motivation plays toward establishing agency, efficacy, and relationships-that is, essential components of sustainable community development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elene Cloete
- Field Operations, Outreach International, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra House
- Field Operations, Outreach International, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Solanke BL, Oyediran OO, Awoleye AF, Olagunju OE. Do health service contacts with community health workers influence the intention to use modern contraceptives among non-users in rural communities? Findings from a cross-sectional study in Nigeria. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:24. [PMID: 36627614 PMCID: PMC9832820 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in many developing countries have shown that community health workers (CHWs) are valuable for boosting contraceptive knowledge and usage. However, in spite of the evidence, studies in Nigeria have rarely examined whether in the absence of skilled health personnel such as doctors and nurses in rural and remote communities, the health service contacts of non-users with CHWs drive the intention to use modern contraceptives. This study, therefore, examines the extent to which health service contacts with CHWs are associated with the intention to use modern contraceptives among non-users in rural communities of Nigeria. METHODS This study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design. Data were extracted from the most recent Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The study analyzed a weighted sample of 12,140 rural women. The outcome variable was the intention to use modern contraceptives. The main explanatory variable was health service contacts with CHWs. Statistical analyses were performed at three levels with the aid of Stata version 14. Three multivariable regression models were estimated using an adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Findings showed that more than a quarter (29.0%) of women intends to use modern contraceptives. Less than one-fifth (15.9%) of the women had health service contacts with CHWs. In Model 1, women who had health service contacts with CHWs were more likely to intend to use modern contraceptives (aOR =1.430, 95% CI: 1.212-1.687). Likewise, in Model 2, women who had health service contacts with CHWs had a higher likelihood of intending to use modern contraceptives (aOR = 1.358, 95% CI: 1.153-1.599). In Model 3, the odds of intention to use modern contraceptives were higher among women who had health service contacts with CHWs (aOR =1.454, 95% CI: 1.240-1.706). CONCLUSION In rural areas of Nigeria, health service contacts with CHWs are significantly associated with the intention to use modern contraceptives. Family planning programmers should leverage the patronage of CHWs for the purpose of family planning demand generation in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bola Lukman Solanke
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi O. Oyediran
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Nursing Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Folorunso Awoleye
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Balaiah Mehanathan P, Arthur Edwards Dennison A, Vikramathithan Panchapooranam A, Kandasamy S, Subbiah P, Velappan L, Kalyanaraman S. Psychosocial Problems of Rural Indian Women Practising Breast Self-Examination - a Community-Based Study from Southern India. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2023; 15:263-270. [PMID: 37091352 PMCID: PMC10120809 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s386421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Globally, breast cancer affects 2.5 million people annually. Younger women with advanced-stage cancers had a lower survival rate, but early detection enhanced survival chances by 27 to 47%. Breast self-examination (BSE) has led to early detection and higher rates of benign biopsies. Studies evaluating the psychosocial impact of BSE are few in India which has been attempted in the present study. Methods The community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among rural women aged 30 years and above, who have done BSE at least once without present or prior breast abnormalities in the field practice area of Model Rural Health Research Unit, Tirunelveli. The research questionnaire was developed based on the findings of focus group discussion (FGD) on the same objective in the study area. Results Among 379 participants, 146 (38.5%) felt confident in their BSE knowledge, 28.2% (n=107) and 5.5% (n=21) of the respondents experienced anxiety and depression while practising BSE, respectively. There is a significant difference between the mean anxiety levels (p-value=0.002) and depression (p-value=0.013) of individuals who have detected anomalies during BSE and those who have not. Conclusion Regular counselling has to improve knowledge about BSE, like the timing and method of examination, and decreases the anxiety and depression level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sunitha Kandasamy
- Community Medicine, Thoothukudi Medical College, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Shantaraman Kalyanaraman
- Pathology, Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: Shantaraman Kalyanaraman, Tirunelveli Medical College, 63, Ittamozhi Road, Tisaiyanvilai, Tirunelveli, 627657, India, Tel +91 9443133898, Email
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Kingsley IC. Household Poverty-Wealth and Decision-Making Autonomy as Predictors of Reproductive and Maternal Health Services Utilization among Rural Women in Nigeria: Evidence from a National Survey. Ethiop J Health Sci 2023; 33:163-172. [PMID: 36890936 PMCID: PMC9987281 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate reproductive and maternal healthcare services utilization are significant in reducing maternal deaths, however, the prevalence rate of contraceptive use remains low, with inadequate maternal health services utilization among rural women in Nigeria. This study examined the influence of household poverty-wealth and decision-making autonomy on reproductive and maternal health services utilization among rural women in Nigeria. Methods The study analyzed data from a weighted sample of 13,151 currently married and cohabiting rural women. Descriptive and analytical statistics including multivariate binary logistic regression were conducted using Stata software. Results An overwhelming majority of rural women (90.8%) have not used modern contraceptive methods, with poor utilization of maternal health services. About 25% who delivered at home received skilled postnatal checks during the first 2 days after childbirth. Household poverty-wealth significantly reduced the likelihood of using modern contraceptives (aOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.52-0.84), having at least four ANC visits (aOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36-0.51), delivering in a health facility (aOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.29-0.42) and receiving a skilled postnatal check (aOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15-0.88). Women's decision-making autonomy regarding their healthcare significantly increased the use of modern contraceptives and the number of ANC visits, while women's autonomy on how their earnings are spent positively influenced the use of maternal healthcare services. Conclusions In conclusion, the use of reproductive and maternal health services among rural women was associated with household poverty-wealth and decision-making autonomy. Government should formulate more pragmatic policies that will create awareness and promote universal access to reproductive and maternal healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imo Chukwuechefulam Kingsley
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akoko-Akungba, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Bautista-Valarezo E, Vega Crespo B, Maldonado-Rengel R, Espinosa ME, Neira VA, Verhoeven V. Knowledge and Perceptions about Cervical Cancer and HPV Screening in Women in Rural Areas of Ecuador: A Qualitative Research Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11053. [PMID: 36078764 PMCID: PMC9517721 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer continues to be a major health problem in developing countries. Educational programs, as well as Pap and HPV screening and vaccination, are important tools to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with this disease. The objective of this study is to explore the diverse knowledge and perceptions about cervical cancer and the different diagnostic tests for HPV of populations living in the rural parish "El Valle". METHOD A qualitative study was conducted through eight focus groups, which included 46 participants from mixed ethnic groups. A phenomenological analysis was performed. RESULTS Four topics and seven sub-topics were identified. By analyzing all the narratives, it was possible to identify that the perception of cervical cancer was focused on its severity, secondary to its infectious process and screening periodicity. However, despite the diverse knowledge, indigenous people do not relate it to the human papilloma virus; in addition, there is also certain resistance to undergo the Pap smear test, for reasons such as inaccessibility and its sampling process. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to develop educational programs for the prevention of cervical cancer and to implement diagnostic alternatives to reach populations with precarious accessibility, as well as women who refuse to undergo the Pap smear test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Bautista-Valarezo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (R.M.-R.); (M.E.E.)
| | - Bernardo Vega Crespo
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador; (B.V.C.); (V.A.N.)
| | - Ruth Maldonado-Rengel
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (R.M.-R.); (M.E.E.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Morfológicas, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - María Elena Espinosa
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (R.M.-R.); (M.E.E.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de la Frontera, Temucho 4811230, Chile
| | - Vivian Alejandra Neira
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador; (B.V.C.); (V.A.N.)
| | - Veronique Verhoeven
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
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Omoyeni O, Tsoka-Gwegweni J. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 42:188. [PMID: 36212930 PMCID: PMC9508371 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.188.26172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION cervical cancer continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the developing world. Despite the national cervical cancer screening programme, findings show low levels of knowledge and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in South Africa (SA). The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among rural women in KwaZulu-Natal, SA. METHODS an observational cross-sectional study was performed. The study was conducted at three rural clinics. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 283 women, aged 18-65 years. Data were collected using a standardised structured self-administered questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and analytic statistics. RESULTS findings showed a high level of awareness of cervical cancer (93.3%, n=264) and the Pap smear test (95.1%, n=269). Knowledge of cervical cancer-associated factors, symptoms, screening methods and treatment was poor (28.0%, n=79). An overwhelming majority (81.8%, n=231) displayed a positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening. The practice of cervical cancer screening was fairly good (66.8%, n=189). The results showed that socio-demographics were not statistically significantly associated with knowledge of cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening. CONCLUSION despite the inadequate knowledge of women, attitudes towards cervical cancer and screening were generally positive. Health care practitioners are encouraged to focus not only on creating awareness but also on improving knowledge so as women will not only undergo screening but appreciate the importance of cervical cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin Omoyeni
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Joyce Tsoka-Gwegweni
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa,,Office of the Dean, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa,Corresponding author: Joyce Tsoka-Gwegweni, Office of the Dean, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
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Sinclair K, Thompson-Colón T, Matamoros SEDC, Olaya E, Melgar-Quiñonez H. Food Insecurity Among the Adult Population of Colombia Between 2016 and 2019: The Post Peace Agreement Situation. Food Nutr Bull 2022; 43:251-270. [PMID: 35610942 PMCID: PMC9403381 DOI: 10.1177/03795721221100890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2016, a Peace Agreement, explicitly addressing the right to food, was signed, marking the end of more than 50 years of armed conflict and the longest war in the Americas. The expectation was that the years to follow would be marked by rapid social and political change, with the potential to improve food security. OBJECTIVES (i) Ascertain changes in the prevalence of food insecurity in Colombia between 2016 and 2019; (ii) examine which population subgroups (eg, urban women, rural women, urban men, and rural men) were most vulnerable; and (iii) determine significant individual-level factors predicting food insecurity in these 2 years. METHODS This study used the Gallup World Poll 2016 and 2019 nationally representative samples of Colombian adults aged 15 and older for the analyses (n ≈ 1000 per year). Food insecurity was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Complex Samples (version 26). RESULTS Food insecurity in Colombia increased by 7 percental points between 2016 and 2019 (from 33% to 40%); women living in rural areas in 2019 reported the highest prevalence (50%). Results from logistic analysis confirm low income, unemployment, and lack of social support were significant predictors of food insecurity in both years. In 2019, gender, low education, and lack of autonomy were also significant predictors. Further research on the determinants of food insecurity is necessary to inform Colombian policies and programs that address food insecurity. The urgency to act is more apparent than ever, given the country's worsening food security profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Sinclair
- School Human Nutrition & Institute of Global Food Security, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Theresa Thompson-Colón
- School Human Nutrition & Institute of Global Food Security, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Eucaris Olaya
- Faculty of Human Sciences, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez
- School Human Nutrition & Institute of Global Food Security, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Xu S, Zhao Y, Aziz N, He J. Does Education Affect Rural Women's Trust? Evidence From China. Front Psychol 2022; 13:845110. [PMID: 35360615 PMCID: PMC8963991 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.845110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Trust is of great significance to the economic and social development of a country. In the case of China, the trust of rural women has undergone tremendous changes along with the development of rural areas. It is seen that the trust of rural women has changed from localized to generalized trust, and it is stated that the major factor leading to this transformation is education. To explore the phenomenon empirically, the current study uses the survey data of rural women sourced from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) over the year 2018. Through the ordered probit model, the study reveals that education plays a significant role in influencing rural women’s generalized trust and localized trust. Through mediation analysis, the study further reveals that reliance on Internet information, access to public resources, and income are the factors mediating the relationship between education and generalized trust. Besides, the outcomes further unveil that the impact of education on localized trust is stronger when the level of mobility is low. For robustness check, the current study additionally employs a regression discontinuity model. The overall findings elucidate that education is the major factor triggering the trust of rural women in China. The findings propose that policymakers in China should imply education-oriented strategies as individuals with higher levels of education are more inclined to trust others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Xu
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yeye Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Noshaba Aziz
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun He
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Shemu PL, Ahmad N, Lim PY, Suchi PM. Determinants of the use of family planning methods among rural women in Plateau state, Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health 2022; 26:32-41. [PMID: 37584982 DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2022/v26i4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the factors that influence family planning practice among rural women of Pankshin district in Plateau state, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study using a simple random sampling method was conducted from October to December 2019. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection among 302 respondents. Among respondents, 48.3% had practised family planning and the most popular family planning method ever practised was injectables (57.5%). The determinants of family planning practice were age group 29-39 and 40-49 years old (AOR=4.373, p <0.001; AOR=5.862, p <0.001), discussion with partner (AOR=9.192, p <0.001) and partner's approval (AOR=2.791, p=0.007). Findings showed an encouraging family planning prevalence with the main determinants involving male partners. Further efforts need to be made to promote family planning practice among male partners and to empower women of all reproductive age groups by providing them with relevant information that is needed for them to make informed decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piritmwa L Shemu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Plangshak M Suchi
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria
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23
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Mitiku HD, Lemma MW, Chekole YB, Chekole YT. Hierarchical Analysis of Contraceptive Compliance Among Rural Reproductive Age Group Women in Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:1279-1293. [PMID: 35637685 PMCID: PMC9147396 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s366097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contraceptive compliance has become a major health concern around the globe, particularly in rural parts of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess contraceptive compliance among rural women of the reproductive age group in the Awi zone, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 2341sampled rural women's reproductive age group from Jan to April 30; 2021G.C. Multistage random sampling was employed. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of contraceptive compliance, which allows us to account for the random component. Intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) statistics were also computed to measure the variation between clusters. RESULTS Results showed that prevalence of contraceptive compliance in the selected districts of Awi zone was 17.1%. At individual level, women's aged 35-49 (AOR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.28, 0.90), married women's (AOR = 8.81, 95% CI 4.62, 16.66), had 1 to 2 living children (AOR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06, 1.40), women's work status hard (AOR = 5.80, 95% CI 2.85, 11.82) and moderate (AOR = 4.71, 95% CI 2.39, 9.28), long-acting (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI1.28, 2.64) and positive attitude (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI1.16, 6.33) and at hierarchical level (group level), mass media exposure (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.32, 2.41) and enforcement exposure (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.19, 2.65) were significant factors of contraceptive compliance. Moreover, results for the intra-class correlation coefficient show that variation exists between clusters. CONCLUSION Individual-level (women's age, married women's, number of living children, women's work status, type of contraceptive method and attitude) and community-level (mass media exposure and enforcement exposure) were found to be significant factors associated with compliance in Awi zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Dessie Mitiku
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Habtamu Dessie Mitiku, Email
| | - Muluken Wondemnew Lemma
- Department of Computer Science, College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Yenework Belayneh Chekole
- Department of Computer Science, College of Natural and Computational Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
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Ilo P, Ifijeh G, Segun-Adeniran C, Michael-Onuoha HC, Ekwueme L. Providing reproductive health information to rural women: The potentials of public libraries. Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25:210-218. [PMID: 37585784 DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2021/v25i5s.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Access to reproductive health information is an integral part of the sustainable development goal3 of good health and well-being. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a gender-based approach to public health that should holistically address the physical, mental and emotional well-being of women. However, women in urban areas seem to be benefiting more from various laudable reproductive health programmes than those in rural areas. This scenario negates the concept of sexual and reproductive health and rights, which have fundamental bearing for sound economic development and poverty alleviation. It is against this background that this paper examined the provision of reproductive health information to rural women in Nigeria. It identified the reproductive health information needs of rural women, including information on fertility, management of unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, prenatal and postnatal care. It further discussed the problems hindering rural women from accessing reproductive health information. To alleviate these problems, the paper discussed various roles public libraries can play in helping rural women gain access to reproductive health information. It recommended adequate funding, community engagements, and collaboration with relevant agencies for public libraries to take their place in the dissemination of reproductive health information to rural women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promise Ilo
- PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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25
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Misra P, Kant S, Misra A, Jha S, Kardam P, Thakur N, Bhatt SP. A Community Based Randomized Controlled Trial to See the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Development of Diabetes Among Women with Prediabetes Residing in A Rural Community of Northern India. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3122-3129. [PMID: 34660457 PMCID: PMC8483112 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_311_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary objective of this study was to intervene with vitamin D supplementation in rural-based women with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) to prevent development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: This was an open-label randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in rural women with pre-diabetes and vitamin D deficiency (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888). Women aged 20-60 years with pre-diabetes were selected from rural Haryana (north India) and followed up for two years. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and behavioral details, like sun exposure, dietary habits, etc., The intervention group received vitamin D supplementation while control group received lactose granules as placebo. Equal doses of calcium carbonate were given to both the groups. Results: A total of 132 participants were recruited in the study (58 each in the intervention and control groups). It was observed that there was no statistical significance in the incidence of diabetes in the control group as compared to the intervention group at the end of 2 years (P = 0.701). Conclusion: Though during the first year there was some delay in development of DM in the intervention group but at the end of two years there was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation in delaying the incidence of diabetes in these women after two years. Trial registration: (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888).
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Misra
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Center of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shreya Jha
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Surya P Bhatt
- Department of Sleep and Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Wu J, Duan W, Jiao Y, Liu S, Zheng L, Sun Y, Sun Z. The Association of Stage 1 Hypertension, Defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines, With Cardiovascular Events Among Rural Women in Liaoning Province, China. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:710500. [PMID: 34458337 PMCID: PMC8387632 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.710500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines redefined blood pressure levels 130-139/80-89 mmHg as stage 1 hypertension. However, the association of stage 1 hypertension with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its age-specific differences among the rural women in Liaoning province remains unclear. It needs to be quantified in considering guideline adoption in China. Methods: In total, 19,374 women aged ≥35 years with complete data and no cardiovascular disease at baseline were followed in a rural community-based prospective cohort study of Liaoning province, China. Follow-up for the new cases of CVD was conducted from the end of the baseline survey to the end of the third follow-up survey (January 1, 2008–December 31, 2017). Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate the Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) with the normal blood pressure as a reference. Results: During the median follow-up period of 12.5 years, 1,419 subjects suffered all-cause death, 748 developed CVD, 1,224 participants suffered stroke and 241 had Myocardial Infarction (MI). Compared with normal BP, Stage 1 hypertension had a HR (95% CI) of 1.694 (1.202–2.387) in CVD mortality, 1.575 (1.244–1.994) in the incidence of stroke. The results obtained that the risk of CVD mortality and incidence of stroke was significantly associated with stage 1 hypertension in rural women aged ≥45 years after adjusting for other potential factors. However, in participants aged 35–44 years, stage 1 hypertension was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: The newly defined stage 1 hypertension is associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality and also incidence of stroke in the rural women aged ≥45 years population of Liaoning province. This study can be a good reference for health policy makers and clinicians workers to make evidence-based decisions toward lowering burden of cardiovascular disease more efficient, timely measures on prevention and control of stage 1 hypertension in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiake Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weili Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yundi Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - SiTong Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - LiQiang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YingXian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - ZhaoQing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Lee M. The barriers to using modern contraceptive methods among rural young married women in Moshi Rural District, the Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania. Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25:99-107. [PMID: 37585797 DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2021/v25i4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the rate of modern contraception and unintended pregnancy is complicated in Tanzania. Although the contraception rate has been slightly increased; the unintended pregnancy rate has remained at 22~24% since 1999. In addition, married women in rural areas use less modern contraceptive methods than those in urban areas. Young women are at a higher risk of mistimed and unintended pregnancy compared to older females. Various barriers to using contraceptive methods have been reported, including fear of side effects, lack of knowledge, misconception, accessibility of the methods, and limited health workers' skills. This study was aimed to invest the barriers to using modern contraceptive methods among rural young married. A qualitative study was carried out in Moshi rural district in northeast Tanzania between June 2019 and July 2019. 22 in-depth interviews (9 key informants and 13 young married women aged 19-34) were conducted. Thematic analysis was used and data transcripts were coded. As a result, all participants were familiar with modern contraceptive methods and experienced at least one of them. Fear of side effects and prefer inappropriate birth control methods especially superstitious methods were major barriers to use. Also, rumours and misleading concerns have arisen from peers and village members. Condoms were not used among them, and males and the elderly still perceived family planning negatively. Additionally, although long-term modern contraceptive methods have been increased and preferred, IUCD is inaccessible due to the lack of skilled workers and facilities. In conclusion, community-based reproductive education is required to increase awareness of safe and reliable modern contraceptive methods. And frequent outreach services of the field are essential to provide more contraception's benefits to the village members so that barriers to using contraception and unwanted pregnancy could be reduced in rural Tanzania. In order to do that, more interventions, such as NGOs and strengthened government systems of reproductive health, should be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Lee
- Independent Health Consultant, Seoul, Republic of Korea and Project officer, National Tuberculosis Association
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28
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Calvert JM, Dickson MF, Tillson M, Pike E, Staton M. Rural Re-entry and Opioid Use: Identifying Health-Related Predictors of Relapse Among Formerly Incarcerated Women in Appalachia. J Appalach Health 2021; 3:22-35. [PMID: 35770035 PMCID: PMC9192118 DOI: 10.13023/jah.0303.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite improved knowledge of the health care needs of formerly incarcerated women, there exists a gap regarding the relationship between health, health care access, and relapse among rural women returning to the community during the opioid epidemic. PURPOSE With an emphasis on health care access, this study examined health-related factors associated with opioid relapse among women reentering the community in rural Appalachia. METHODS As part of a larger study, 400 rural women reporting a history of substance use were recruited from three Appalachian jails in Kentucky. Analyses focused on participants reporting a history of illicit opioid use prior to incarceration, who had also completed follow-up interviews at 6- and 12-months post-release from jail. RESULTS Fifty-five percent of participants reported relapse to opioids during the 12-month follow-up period. Compared to those who did not use opioids during this time, women who relapsed reported poorer mental and physical health, as well as encountered more barriers to needed health services. They were also more likely to report a usual source of care. Multivariate regression analyses reveal that, even when controlling for other known correlates of opioid use and relapse to any non-opioid drug during the follow-up period, the number of barriers to health service utilization was a significant predictor of opioid relapse. IMPLICATIONS Stakeholders should address the complex reentry needs of women who use opioids in rural Appalachia. This includes examining innovative approaches to reduce extensive barriers to quality health care utilization, such as implementing telehealth for opioid use treatment.
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Russell K, Manias E, Nicholson P. What influences rural women's choices in maternity care: A qualitative exploratory study. Nurs Health Sci 2021; 23:825-833. [PMID: 34245099 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rural women are likely to experience difficulties accessing maternity care that is readily available in metropolitan areas. This limited access can impede women's ability to make informed choices that enhance safety and minimize harm. This study explored the experiences of women who had given birth in a rural environment and the factors that influenced their choices regarding their maternity care. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 women for this qualitative, exploratory study. These women had birthed within rural areas of Victoria, Australia, between May 2016 and May 2017. Thematic analysis was undertaken. Three main themes emerged: (i) being influenced by previous childbirth experiences, (ii) feeling safe and supported with their maternity care provider, and (iii) being supported in their birthing choices. The availability of maternity care providers and travel time to facilities limited the choices of rural women. This study provided valuable insights into what was behind the decisions of rural women's choices regarding their maternity care. To assist with making informed decisions regarding their maternity care, all available models of maternity care should be presented to rural women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie Russell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Manias
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patricia Nicholson
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Kang HK, Kaur A, Dhiman A. Menopause-Specific Quality of Life of Rural Women. Indian J Community Med 2021; 46:273-276. [PMID: 34321740 PMCID: PMC8281871 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_665_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Menopause is a natural process, but it causes hormonal and biological changes in the body, which can result in drastic effects on quality of life (QOL) of women. Objective: The study was conducted to assess the menopause-specific QOL (MENQOL) of rural women. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to assess MENQOL of rural women of the selected villages of Punjab. A total of 150 menopausal women were selected using simple random sampling technique. The MENQOL questionnaire was administered to assess the QOL in relation to menopausal symptoms. Results: The mean score of overall QOL was 3.4274 ± 0.99, which revealed a moderate impact of menopausal symptoms on the QOL. Stepwise linear regression revealed the significant impact of 16 out of 29 menopausal symptoms on QOL. Furthermore, MENQOL was found to be significantly associated with education, marital status, and sleep pattern of women. Conclusions: There is a significant effect of menopausal symptoms on QOL of women which emphasizes the need to create awareness among menopausal women regarding menopausal symptoms and management to improve their QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmeet Kaur Kang
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Arshdeep Kaur
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Aarti Dhiman
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Gauthier GR, Francisco SC, Khan B, Dombrowski K. Social Integration and Domestic Violence Support in an Indigenous Community: Women's Recommendations of Formal Versus Informal Sources of Support. J Interpers Violence 2021; 36:3117-3141. [PMID: 29756558 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518768567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Throughout North America, indigenous women experience higher rates of intimate partner violence and sexual violence than any other ethnic group, and so it is of particular importance to understand sources of support for Native American women. In this article, we use social network analysis to study the relationship between social integration and women's access to domestic violence support by examining the recommendations they would give to another woman in need. We ask two main questions: First, are less integrated women more likely to make no recommendation at all when compared with more socially integrated women? Second, are less integrated women more likely than more integrated women to nominate a formal source of support rather than an informal one? We use network data collected from interviews with 158 Canadian women residing in an indigenous community to measure their access to support. We find that, in general, less integrated women are less likely to make a recommendation than more integrated women. However, when they do make a recommendation, less integrated women are more likely to recommend a formal source of support than women who are more integrated. These results add to our understanding of how access to two types of domestic violence support is embedded in the larger set of social relations of an indigenous community.
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Staton M, Tillson M, Webster JM. A Description of COVID-19 Lifestyle Restrictions Among a Sample of Rural Appalachian Women. J Appalach Health 2021; 3:4-17. [PMID: 35769440 PMCID: PMC9138730 DOI: 10.13023/jah.0301.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has led to swift federal and state response to control virus transmission, which has resulted in unprecedented lifestyle changes for U.S. citizens including social distancing and isolation. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 lifestyle restrictions and related behavioral risks is important, particularly among individuals who may be more vulnerable (such as rural women with a history of substance use living in Appalachia). Purpose The overall purpose of this study was to better understand the perceptions of lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 restrictions among this vulnerable group. Methods The study included a mixed methods survey with a convenience sample of rural women (n=33) recruited through a closed, private Facebook group. Results Study findings indicated that COVID-19 restrictions related to limited social activities and interactions with family and friends had a significant impact on women. Implications Findings suggest that social isolation may have a number of unintended consequences for rural women, and implications for rural health practitioners are discussed.
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Mishra GD, Kumar D, Pathak GA, Vaishnav BS. Challenges encountered in community-based physiotherapy interventions for urinary incontinence among women in rural areas of Anand District of Gujarat, India. Indian J Public Health 2020; 64:17-21. [PMID: 32189677 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_436_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is necessary to understand the way women think about their health. There is a "culture of silence" among women regarding urinary incontinence (UI). Physiotherapy is proven effective mode of therapy in case of UI. Objectives This study aimed to explore the attitude of the women toward UI, to understand the related sociocultural factors and health-seeking behavior, and to ascertain the challenges encountered in community-based physiotherapy interventions. Methods A qualitative study was conducted among women who refused to participate in a physiotherapy intervention for UI in the rural community of Gujarat, India. Fourteen in-depth key informant interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The responses were noted and compiled into a composite interview script. Interviews were not recorded due to nonavailability of consent. Interviews were reviewed by investigators and content analysis was carried out. Key themes were identified after multiple iterations. Results Most of the women were unaware of the UI and believed that it may be due to their gender or due to aging. Physiotherapy interventions were disregarded due to various reasons such as shy nature, lack of priority and privacy, dependency, self-neglect, and influence of social and cultural norms. Conclusion Cultural and social systems were more important determinants of health seeking than health systems themselves particularly when sensitive issue such as UI in women of rural Western India was concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Daxa Mishra
- Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, KM Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Karamsad, Gujarat, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Professor, Department of Community Medicine, PS Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat, India
| | - G Ajay Pathak
- Manager, Central Research Services, Charutar Arogya Mandal, Karamsad, Gujarat, India
| | - B Smruti Vaishnav
- Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PS Medical College Karamsad Gujarat, India
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Nagamma T, Ashok L, Konuri A, Chandrasekaran V. Effectiveness of audio-visual and print media intervention on knowledge of cervical health among rural women in Southern India. Niger Postgrad Med J 2020; 27:343-347. [PMID: 33154288 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_148_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer health education programmes are not accessible to rural women in developing countries. Objective Our study aimed at assessing the health literacy about cervical cancer amongst the rural women in Udupi district, southern India, before and following intervention using audio-visual aid/face-to-face interactive sessions versus pamphlets alone. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study. A total of 166 women participated in the study. Participant groups were allocated into two interventional (Experimental/Control) groups. Participants in the experimental group received education through the video followed by face-to-face interaction with a health educator while those in the control group received a pamphlet. A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge about numerous risk factors, Pap smear test and treatment of cervical cancer (pre- and post-intervention test). The findings are presented as frequencies and percentages. Paired responses were compared for individual questions using McNemar test and P < 0.05 was fixed as statistically significant. Results Former to the intervention, 13.5% and 19.1% in the experimental and control groups, respectively, felt that personal hygiene was important to prevent cervical cancer. Both the groups had very limited knowledge regarding risk factors (93.6%; 94%), symptoms (96.3%; 97.6%) and knowledge that Pap smears can reduce the risk of cervical cancer (91.7%; 93.9%). The change in knowledge pre-and post-intervention in both groups increased significantly. Conclusion Intervention with face-to-face interactive sessions showed a positive impact on knowledge regarding cervical cancer. These findings indicate both methods can be effective in providing health education in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takkella Nagamma
- Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lena Ashok
- Department of Global Health, Prasanna School of Public Health, MSW Program, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Anjaneyulu Konuri
- Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Varalakshmi Chandrasekaran
- Department of Community Medicine, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Nisha B, Murali R. Impact of Health Education Intervention on Breast Cancer Awareness among Rural Women of Tamil Nadu. Indian J Community Med 2020; 45:149-153. [PMID: 32905196 PMCID: PMC7467190 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_173_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The most common cancer among Indian females is breast cancer. Limited access to early detection and treatment is responsible for more than half of the deaths, primarily in rural areas, where organized mammography screening is neither affordable nor feasible. Therefore, imparting awareness on breast health and breast self-examination (BSE) is highly recommended. This study aimed to assess the impact of a health education interventional program on breast health awareness and BSE among rural women of Tamil Nadu. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 266 women. A preinterventional survey was done using a pretested validated questionnaire. A multipronged breast health education intervention was administered and its effectiveness was measured after 3 months using the same tool. Results: There was a statistically significant (P = 0.0001) improvement in the knowledge of breast health, perceived susceptibility, and reasons for practice and proficiency of BSE practice of the interventional group from pre- to post-test. After the interventional program, 71.8% of increase in knowledge about breast health and BSE was observed. In addition, 64.7% of the women practiced BSE compared to 7.14% pretest. Conclusion: This study highlights the awareness needs by the women and application of extensive strategies to increase the acceptance of cancer screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nisha
- Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramachandran Murali
- Department of Community Medicine, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sasanpour M, Azh N, Alipour M. The Effect of a Midwife-Based Group Discussion Education on Sexual Dysfunction Beliefs in Rural Postmenopausal Women. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:393-397. [PMID: 32440233 PMCID: PMC7213863 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s242621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Correcting sexual beliefs can affect women's sexual function. There are very limited interventional studies on correcting the sexual dysfunction beliefs in postmenopausal women living in rural areas. Therefore, the present study was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of a midwife-based group education on sexual dysfunction beliefs in one group of rural postmenopausal women. Methods The present study was a quasi-experimental pre-post design without a control group. The study population included rural menopausal women who referred to rural health centers. The study sample consisted of 50 participants who have all received education program. The education was held in six group discussion sessions. The data gathering tool used in this study was the Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire which was completed before and after the education. This questionnaire consists of 33 items and includes 6 subscales. Results The mean age of participants was 53.26 years. Approximately half of the participants (48%) had primary education. The mean scores of sexual dysfunction beliefs before and after education were 114.58 and 58.56, respectively (p-value<0.001). The mean scores of sexual conersations, affection primacy, motherhood-related beliefs, sexual desire and pleasure as sin beliefs, age-related beliefs, and body image beliefs before intervention were 14.38, 21.38, 13.9, 23.64, 20.74, 17.04, respectively, and after intervention were 6.9, 11.80, 8.64, 12.48, 7.7, 9.40, respectively. Conclusion Rural postmenopausal women had problems with sexual dysfunction beliefs. A midwife-based group discussion education on this matter had significantly improved the sexual dysfunction beliefs in them. Further studies are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sasanpour
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Nezal Azh
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Alipour
- Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Mdege N. 'Your husbands are bringing it to you': South African rural women and HIV in Darrell Roodt's Yesterday (2004). Cult Health Sex 2020; 22:96-110. [PMID: 31549916 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2019.1658805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ways in which rural women living with and/or affected by HIV are portrayed in films can potentially influence how social transformation is imagined, including the extent to which the women can be involved in problem-solving processes. This is because, in addition to conceptualising the problem, such representations often place women in a certain position in relation to, or within, the problematic situation, which in turn influences how solutions are framed. This paper uses a discursive approach to explore the portrayal of South African rural women living with and/or affected by HIV in Darrell Roodt's film, Yesterday (2004), which is set in rural KwaZulu-Natal. It considers how the film deals with the tension between structural violence and rural women's agency in grappling with HIV. Structural violence has a significant impact on the experiences of rural women and, hence, their health outcomes. However, when representing rural women, too heavy an emphasis on structural violence runs the risk of portraying them as passive or helpless victims, thus severely limiting their agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norita Mdege
- Centre for Film and Media Studies, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Srinivasan M, Reddy MM, Sarkar S, Menon V. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Rural South Indian Women-Prevalence and Correlates: A Community-Based Study. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2020; 11:78-83. [PMID: 32140007 PMCID: PMC7055615 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The burden of common mental disorders (CMDs) which includes depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders are on the rise in India. Women in rural areas form one of the high-risk groups with respect to CMDs due to their compromised status of living.
Objective
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress, and the predictors to depression among women in rural Puducherry.
Methods
A community-based, cross-sectional study was performed in 2016, among women aged 18 to 59 years, residing in the rural area of Puducherry. Prevalence of CMDs was determined using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21. Using a systematic random sampling method, women were interviewed in their houses. The socio-demographic characteristics along with risk factors for depression were captured using a semi-structured proforma. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the predictors of depression.
Results
A total of 301 women were surveyed and their mean age (SD) was 34.9 (10.2) years. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was found to be 15% (95% CI: 11.3–19.3), 10.6% (95% CI: 7.5–14.5), and 5% (95% CI: 3–8), respectively. Multivariable analysis identified that lesser education and living separately/divorced to be significant predictors for depression in these women.
Conclusion
About one in six adult women living in a rural area was found to be depressed, which is considerably high. This emphasizes the need for screening among women for common mental disorders in primary care settings, especially in rural areas so that early diagnoses happen and thus reduce the impact due to mental disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Srinivasan
- Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Mahendra M Reddy
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonali Sarkar
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry (JIPMER), India
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Salem BE, Bustos Y, Shalita C, Kwon J, Ramakrishnan P, Yadav K, Ekstrand ML, Sinha S, Nyamathi AM. Chronic Disease Self-Management Challenges among Rural Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India: A Qualitative Study. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2019; 17:2325958218773768. [PMID: 29756550 PMCID: PMC6713225 DOI: 10.1177/2325958218773768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) in India experience challenges self-managing HIV/AIDS in their rural communities. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore factors influencing their care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence. Themes that emerged from the qualitative focus groups among WLHA (N = 24) in rural Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India, included: (1) coming to know about HIV and other health conditions, (2) experiences being on ART, (3) challenges maintaining a nutritious diet, (4) factors affecting health care access and quality, and (5) seeking support for a better future. Chronic disease self-management in rural locales is challenging, given the number of barriers which rural women experience on a daily basis. These findings suggest a need for individual- and structural-level supports that will aid in assisting rural WLHA to self-manage HIV/AIDS as a chronic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benissa E Salem
- 1 School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yvita Bustos
- 1 School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,2 Psychology Department, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chidyaonga Shalita
- 1 School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,3 Biology Department, Macalester College, Forest Lake, MN, USA
| | - Jordan Kwon
- 1 School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,4 School of Nursing, Azusa Pacific University, Montebello, CA, USA
| | | | - Kartik Yadav
- 6 School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Maria L Ekstrand
- 7 University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sinha
- 8 All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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de Moel-Mandel C, Graham M, Taket A. Snapshot of medication abortion provision in the primary health care setting of regional and rural Victoria. Aust J Rural Health 2019; 27:237-244. [PMID: 31070843 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify enablers and barriers to the provision of medication abortion in the primary health care setting of regional and rural areas of Victoria, Australia. DESIGN An online cross-sectional questionnaire was used. SETTING Regional and rural areas of Victoria, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-nine GPs and 30 primary health care nurses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Abortion views, medication abortion knowledge and practice, interest in medication abortion training and provision, and perceived uptake barriers. RESULTS Most participants reported being consulted by women with unintended pregnancies and most of them included abortion counselling in their consultation. However, familiarity with provision of medication abortion was limited, and only five GPs and two primary health care nurses were currently medication abortion providers. The majority of participants expressed a high level of interest in receiving medication abortion training, but indicated a wide range of barriers to service provision, such as a lack of training opportunities, legal uncertainties or surgical access concerns in case of complications. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate the need for education on medication abortion and training opportunities. Most identified barriers to service uptake are addressable and relate to a lack of local support services, including the absence of a 24-hour contact advice service, insufficient follow-up access and a lack of local ultrasound facilities. These barriers require educational programs at professional, organisational and community level to ensure that interested rural and regional primary health care providers can start offering medication abortion for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline de Moel-Mandel
- Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Graham
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ann Taket
- Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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Kafi MAH, Ahmmed F, Hassan MZ, Tariqujjaman M, Harun MGDG. Role of Qualified Physicians as Antenatal Care Providers in Reducing Birth Complications in Home-delivered Rural Women in Bangladesh. Cureus 2019; 11:e3974. [PMID: 30956926 PMCID: PMC6438688 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bangladesh has made significant strides in maternal and neonatal death by ensuring qualified antenatal care (ANC) visits during the pregnancy period of women. To ensure this qualified ANC, the government of Bangladesh has increased the number of qualified physicians and skilled birth attendants at health facilities and encouraged pregnant women to take this eligible ANC during pregnancy. Despite this progress, the majority of deliveries among rural women still occur at home, assisted by traditional birth attendants. These traditional birth attendants at home or even skilled birth attendants at the health facility or home are not always cable of helping women to overcome severe delivery complications. Proper birth preparation before pregnancy through qualified ANC might be a solution here. Taking advice for appropriate birth preparation from a qualified physician (medical doctor) would ensure qualified ANC. In this study, we examined how ANC from a qualified physician, as compared to other trained providers, influences rural women delivering at home to prepare for birth and reduces severe delivery complications. Methods The data of 1554 rural women who delivered at home were extracted from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was carried out for the binary delivery complications data, to assess the influence of qualified physicians as ANC providers on delivery complications by adjusting the effect of other socio-demographic covariates and clustering. Results Of the women from rural areas who delivered at home, 42% reported delivery complications. Those who received ANC from a qualified physician were 32% less likely (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.50, 0.91) to report facing delivery complications as compared to those who had received ANC from other trained or unqualified providers adjusted by socio-demographic determinants in Bangladesh. Conclusions Developing a sustained and effective strategy could be a precedent for promoting ANC from qualified physicians for rural women delivering at home, to decrease delivery complications as well as creating healthy environments for safe deliveries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faisal Ahmmed
- Epidemiology and Public Health, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Zakiul Hassan
- Internal Medicine, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Tariqujjaman
- Epidemiology and Public Health, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, BGD
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Abstract
Rural incarcerated women have an increased risk of acquiring the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to prevalent engagement in drug use and sexual behaviors. Limited research has investigated HIV and HCV knowledge in this high-risk population. Furthermore, the interplay of sociodemographic factors (i.e., education, age, income, and sexual orientation) and risky behavior is understudied in this population. The present study evaluated a sample of adult, predominately White women from rural Kentucky ( n = 387) who were recruited from local jails. The sample had high HIV and HCV knowledge but also reported extensive risk behaviors including 44% engaging in sex work and 75.5% reporting a history of drug injection. The results of multiple regression analysis for risky sexual behavior indicated that sexual minority women and those with less HIV knowledge were more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors. The regression model identifying the significant correlates of risky drug behavior indicated that HIV knowledge, age, and income were negative correlates and that sexual minority women were more likely to engage in high-risk drug use. When HCV knowledge was added to the regression models already including HIV knowledge, the interaction was significant for drug risk. Interventions for rural imprisoned women should consider the varied impact of sociodemographic background and prioritize HIV education to more effectively deter risky sexual and drug behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam Carle
- 1 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- 3 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carrie Oser
- 2 University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Huang H, Liu S, Sharma A, Zou F, Tian F, Wu H. Factors associated with life satisfaction among married women in rural China: a cross-sectional study based on large-scale samples. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2018; 11:525-533. [PMID: 30464657 PMCID: PMC6220436 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s179052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The living environment in rural China may predispose individuals there to low life satisfaction (LS). This study aims to evaluate factors that affect LS among married women in rural China. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural Liaoning Province in China, in 2015. Out of 3,900 married women, 3,385 (86.8%) completed a questionnaire survey. LS was assessed using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), with 35 as the maximal possible score. Stress (quantified by the Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), resilience (assessed by the Ego-Resiliency Scale [ERS]), and demographic and living/health conditions factors were collected through self-reported questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modeling were used to explore the contributing and mediating factors related to LS. Results The overall LS score was 18.94±4.96. A younger age, lower monthly income, presence of chronic diseases, left-behind status, and sense of marriage insecurity were negatively associated with LS. Perceived stress was a strong predictor of LS, as it explained 19.7% of the variance. Higher levels of resilience were related to higher levels of LS, explaining 15.4% of the variance. Resilience partially mediated the relationship between stress and LS for rural residents in China. Conclusion Overall, married women living in rural China experienced a relatively low level of LS. The construction of additional recreational facilities, provision of convenient access to medical information, facilitation of communication between couples, reduction of stress, and development of resilience could all be beneficial intervention strategies to improve LS for these rural residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Department of Public Health Science, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Futing Zou
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,
| | - Fangqiong Tian
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,
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Abstract
Background: Mothers and their newborns are vulnerable to threats to their health and survival during the postnatal period. Full postnatal care (PNC) uptake decreases maternal deaths and is also essential for first 1,000 days of newborn's life, but PNC usage is usually inadequate in rural areas. Little is known about the full PNC utilization among rural Myanmar women. This study, therefore, aimed to study the situation of the utilization of full PNC and examine its determinants. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in selected villages of the Magway Region, Myanmar. A total of 500 married women who had children aged under 2 years were selected using multistage cluster sampling and interviewed with semi-structured questionnaires. The determinants of full PNC usage were identified by generalized estimating equation (GEE) under a logistic regression framework. Results: Among 500 rural women, around a quarter (25.20%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 21.58-29.21%) utilized full PNC. Multivariable analysis revealed that factors associated with full PNC usage included mothers attaining educational level of secondary or higher (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.16; 95% CI, 1.18-3.94), belonging to higher income level (AOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.11-3.68), having male involvement (AOR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.02-4.69), being of low birth order (i.e. the first birth) (AOR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.80-5.91), and having awareness of postnatal danger signs (AOR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.15-3.83). Moreover, the presence of misconceptions on postnatal practice was identified as a strong barrier to adequate PNC usage (AOR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.04-0.36). Conclusion: Most of the rural women practiced inadequate PNC in Myanmar. Maternal healthcare services at rural areas should be intensively promoted, particularly among women who had high birth order (greater number of births). Health education regarding perinatal misconceptions and danger signs, and benefits of full PNC services usage should be emphasized and urgently extended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Sandar Mon
- Doctor of Philosophy in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Public Health, Yangon, 11131, Myanmar
| | - Myo Kyi Phyu
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Medicine (2), Yangon, Yangon, 11031, Myanmar
| | - Wilaiphorn Thinkhamrop
- Doctor of Public Health Program, Data Management and Statistical Analysis Center, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Bandit Thinkhamrop
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Data Management and Statistical Analysis Center, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Abstract
The incidence of perinatal opioid use and neonatal withdrawal continues to rise rapidly in the face of the growing opioid addiction epidemic in the United States, with rural areas more severely affected. Despite decades of research and development of practice guidelines, maternal and neonatal outcomes have not improved substantially. This focused ethnography sought to understand the experience of accessing care necessary for substance use disorder recovery, pregnancy, and parenting. Personal accounts of 13 rural women, supplemented by participant observation and media artifacts, uncovered three domains with underlying themes: challenges of getting treatment and care (service availability, distance/geographic location, transportation, provider collaboration/coordination, physical and emotional safety), opportunities to bond (proximity, information), and importance of relationships (respect, empathy, familiarity, inclusion, interactions with care providers). Findings highlight the need for providers and policy makers to reduce barriers to treatment and care related to logistics, stigma, judgment, and lack of understanding of perinatal addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Kronk
- 1 Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Jakub
- 1 Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chai N, Wu Y, Zhang M, Wu WB, Zhang H, Kong FW, Zhang Y. Remote intervention using smartphone for rural women suffering from premenstrual syndrome: A propensity score matched analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11629. [PMID: 30024566 PMCID: PMC6086547 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Timely treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is not always available for rural women, because the local medical resources are insufficient. The efficacy of remote intervention by smartphone on PMS has not been confirmed.A retrospective analysis was performed on rural PMS patients between January 2014 and December 2015. After a propensity score matched analysis, 60 patients were enrolled and evenly divided into remote group and outpatient group. Multidisciplinary therapy including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), oral medication, and physical exercise education was used individually, in accordance with their symptoms evaluated by Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) questionnaire. Patients in remote group utilized WeChat software by smartphone for therapy guidance, while those in outpatient group attended face-to-face interview. Their DRSP scores in 5 new menstrual cycles after therapy were recorded. Then, they were followed up for 1 year.Total DRSP scores of the cases in both groups after initial intervention were less than those before therapy (P < .001), without group difference (P > .05). However, patients in remote group indicated a higher satisfactory rate than the outpatient group (P = .03). On the 1-year follow up, patients in both groups demonstrated similar DRSP scores (P = .07), but the satisfactory rate in remote group was encouragingly higher than that in the outpatient group (P = .02).The efficacy of remote intervention using smartphone on PMS is noninferior to traditional outpatient visits. Nevertheless, high-quality trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chai
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University
| | - Wen-Bin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University
| | - Feng-Wei Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Xuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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Chungu C, Makasa M, Chola M, Jacobs CN. Place of Delivery Associated With Postnatal Care Utilization Among Childbearing Women in Zambia. Front Public Health 2018; 6:94. [PMID: 29682497 PMCID: PMC5897430 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Postnatal care (PNC) utilization is critical to the prevention of maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite its importance, the proportion of women utilizing this service is still low in Zambia. We investigated if place of delivery was associated with PNC utilization in the first 48 h among childbearing women in Zambia. Methods Data from the 2013/14 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey for women, aged 15-49 years, who reported giving birth in the 2 years preceding the survey was used. The data comprised of sociodemographic and other obstetric data, which were cleaned, recoded, and analyzed using STATA version 13 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association of place of delivery and other background variables. Results Women who delivered in a health facility were more likely to utilize PNC in the first 48 h compared to those who did not deliver in a health facility: government hospital (AOR 7.24, 95% CI 4.92-11.84), government health center/clinic (AOR 7.15 95% CI 4.79-10.66), other public sector (AOR 23.2 95% CI 3.69-145.91), private hospital/clinic (AOR 10.08 95% CI 3.35-30.35), and Mission hospital/clinic (AOR 8.56 95% CI 4.71-15.53). Additionally, women who were attended to by a skilled personnel during delivery of the baby were more likely to utilize PNC (AOR 2.30, 95% CI 1.57-3.37). Women from rural areas were less likely to utilize PNC in the first 48 h (AOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53-0.90). Conclusion Place of delivery was found to be linked with PNC utilization in this population although access to health care is still driven by inequity-related dynamics and imbalances. Given that inequity stresses are heaviest in the rural and poor groups, interventions should aim to reach this group. Significance The study results will help program managers to increase access to health facility delivery and direct interventional efforts toward the affected subpopulations, such as the young and rural women. Furthermore, results will help promote maternal health education on importance of health facility delivery and advise policy makers and program implementers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Chungu
- Ministry of Health, Muchinga Provincial Health Office, Chinsali, Zambia.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mpundu Makasa
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mumbi Chola
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Choolwe Nkwemu Jacobs
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
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Pawlak H, Petkowicz B, Maniak B, Kuna-Broniowska I, Petkowicz J, Buczaj A, Maksym P, Nowakowicz-Dębek B, Gawda P. Severity of work in opinions of rural women living in the Bieszczady region of south-eastern Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med 2018; 25:145-150. [PMID: 29575860 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/75595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was recognition of the opinions of rural women living in the Bieszczady region of south-eastern Poland, concerning their perception of the degree of severity of work. The study was conducted among the inhabitants of the Cisna commune. MATERIAL AND METHODS The basic research instrument was a questionnaire form containing 15 items. The study covered 101 women living in the Cisna commune in the Bieszczady. The self-reported degree of work load on a farm was analyzed among women who were occupationally active, and those who were not occupationally active. The effect of assistance from family members on the severity of work perceived by women was considered. RESULTS The women in the study focused on agro-tourism, a few of them were engaged in agricultural work and the majority worked in household gardens. The study showed that occupationally active women work considerably longer, on average, and are the most loaded, compared to those not engaged in occupational activity. The mean daily time devoted to duties on a farm did not significantly differ between occupationally active and non-active women, and amounted to 380 and 320 minutes, respectively. The majority of women who were non-active occupationally evaluated their household chores as the highest work load. In turn, the women who undertook occupational activity assessed them as most burdensome, despite great help from their family. The body positions assumed while performing field work were: standing, standing-bent-over, and walking. The mean evaluations of work load while standing and standing-bent-over did not significantly differ, but affected the work load among women who, however, could not assess the severity of their work resulting from the body position assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Pawlak
- Department of Ergonomics, Department of Technology Faculty of Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Izabela Kuna-Broniowska
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Buczaj
- Department of Ergonomics, Department of Technology Faculty of Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland.
| | - Piotr Maksym
- Department of Ergonomics, Department of Technology Faculty of Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
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Abstract
Background Around 3 billion people use solid fuels (biomass and coal) for cooking and heating, and this number is expected to grow until at least 2030. Around 73.7% of households in rural Odisha use wood for cooking. This current study is an attempt to evaluate the impact of solid cooking fuels on health of rural women in age group of 20-40 years and to study the relationship between the duration of exposure to cooking fuels and various health problems. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in a village which is under the field practice area of the rural health and training centre, under Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences. Universal sampling technique was adopted for sample selection. Chi-square test was used to find the association between cooking fuel usage and self-reported symptoms. Results Dry cough was the most common presenting symptom (15.03%), followed by eye and nose irritation present in nearly 12% each among the study participants. Headache, dry cough, and hypertension (HT) was found to associated with number of cooking years and was also found to be statistically significant (P = 0.03, 0.02 and 0.0065, respectively). Discussion Our study clearly indicated that the exposure to biomass fuel smoke is significantly associated with the prevalence of symptoms of headache, dry cough, and HT. Further research is required for improving information on dose-response relationships between indoor air pollution and various health effects. Conclusion: The morbidities were increased with increase in duration of cooking . Knowledge related to health effects of cooking fuels seems to be poor among the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsa Mohapatra
- Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sai Chandan Das
- Department of Community Medicine, Gitam Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizag, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sonia Samantaray
- Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Staton M, Ciciurkaite G, Havens J, Tillson M, Leukefeld C, Webster M, Oser C, Peteet B. Correlates of Injection Drug Use Among Rural Appalachian Women. J Rural Health 2017; 34:31-41. [PMID: 28685884 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has focused on correlates of injection drug use (IDU) among high-risk subgroups of drug users, particularly women, who may be at increased risk for transmission of infectious diseases such as HIV and Hepatitis C. The purpose of this study is to better understand the contextual and health correlates of IDU among women living in rural Appalachia by examining (1) differences between injectors and noninjectors, and (2) the unique correlates of recent IDU and past IDU. METHODS This study involved random selection, screening, and face-to-face interviews with 400 rural Appalachian women from jails in one state. Analyses included descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regression, and stepwise regression to identify significant correlates of recent IDU and past IDU compared to never injecting. RESULTS Findings indicated that 75.3% of this randomly selected sample reported lifetime injection of drugs. Contextual factors including drug use severity (RRR = 8.66, P < .001), more male sex partners (RRR = 1.01, P < .05), and having injecting partners (RRR = 7.60, P < .001) were robust correlates of recent injection practices. CONCLUSIONS This study makes an important contribution to understanding factors associated with IDU among rural Appalachian women drug users, which are strongly associated with both relational and health factors. Study findings on the specific factors associated with IDU risk have important implications for tailoring and targeting interventions that should include a focus on the relationship context reducing high-risk injection practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Staton
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Gabriele Ciciurkaite
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Jennifer Havens
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Martha Tillson
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Carl Leukefeld
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Matthew Webster
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Carrie Oser
- Department of Sociology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Bridgette Peteet
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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