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Salvekar AV, Nasir FHBA, Chen YH, Maiti S, Ranjan VD, Chen HM, Wang H, Huang WM. Rapid Volumetric Additive Manufacturing in Solid State: A Demonstration to Produce Water-Content-Dependent Cooling/Heating/Water-Responsive Shape Memory Hydrogels. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2024; 11:125-131. [PMID: 38389693 PMCID: PMC10880647 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in the solid state. This additive manufacturing technology is particularly useful in outer space missions (microgravity) and/or for harsh environment (e.g., on ships and vehicles during maneuvering, or on airplanes during flight). A special thermal gel is applied here to demonstrate the concept, that is, ultraviolet crosslinking in the solid state. The produced hydrogels are characterized and the water-content-dependent heating/cooling/water-responsive shape memory effect is revealed. Here, the shape memory feature is required to eliminate the deformation induced in the process of removing the uncrosslinked part from the crosslinked part in the last step of this additive manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Vijay Salvekar
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ya Hui Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sharanya Maiti
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vivek Damodar Ranjan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Mei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Min Huang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Kumar M, Sharma V. Shape Memory Effect of Four-Dimensional Printed Polylactic Acid-Based Scaffold with Nature-Inspired Structure. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2024; 11:10-23. [PMID: 38389686 PMCID: PMC10880677 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The four-dimensional (4D) printing is an evolving technology that has immense scope in various fields of science and technology owing to ever-challenging needs of human. It is an innovative upgradation of 3D printing procedure, which instills smart capabilities into materials such that they respond to external stimulus. This article aims to investigate the feasibility of 4D printing of polylactic acid (PLA)-based composite scaffolds fabricated by incorporating four different nature-inspired architectures (honeycomb, giant water lily, spiderweb, and nautilus shell). The composites were developed by adding 1, 3, and 5 wt.% of Calcium Phosphate (CaP) into PLA. Various thermomechanical tests were accomplished to evaluate the properties of developed material. Furthermore, the shape memory characteristics of these scaffolds were examined using thermally controlled conditions. The characterization tests displayed favorable outcomes in terms of thermal stability and hydrophilic nature of the PLA and PLA/CaP composite materials. It was found that the honeycomb structure showed the best shape memory and mechanical behavior among the four designs. Furthermore, the introduction of CaP was found to enhance mechanical strength and shape memory property, whereas the surface integrity was adversely affected. This study can play a vital role in developing self-fitting high-shape recovery biomedical scaffolds for bone-repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Lab, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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Marchenko ES, Klopotov AA, Baigonakova GA, Zhukov IA. Regularities in the Evolution of Thermoelastic Martensitic Transformations during Cooling/Heating in the Free State and under Load of Titanium Nickelide Alloyed with Niobium. Materials (Basel) 2023; 17:175. [PMID: 38204027 PMCID: PMC10779733 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This article presents the results of studies of the features of the development of thermoelastic martensitic transformations during cooling/heating in the free state and under load of Ti50Ni49.7-XNbXMo0.3 alloys (X = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 at% Nb) with shape memory effects. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, it was found that all the alloys studied at room temperature contained a multiphase mixture consisting of intermetallic compounds with the TiNi (B2, B19'), Ni56Ti29Nb15, and Ti2Ni compositions. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the microstructure of TiNi (Nb,Mo) alloys and it was found that the distribution of fine Ni56Ti29Nb15 particles in the matrix depends significantly on the concentration of the alloying element. A correlation was established between changes in the structural-phase state in TiNi (Nb,Mo) alloys and the occurrence of the B2↔B19' martensitic transition in the free state and under load. Based on physical and mechanical studies, the temperature ranges of the martensitic transformations (MT) in the free state and under load were established. Based on the thermodynamic description of the MT and the analysis of the characteristic temperatures of the MT, it was found that the MT mechanism is strongly dependent on the concentration of the alloying element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S. Marchenko
- Laboratory of Superelastic Biointerfaces, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave., 634045 Tomsk, Russia; (E.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.A.Z.)
- Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energy Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Socialist 1, 659322 Biysk, Russia
| | - Anatoly A. Klopotov
- Laboratory of Superelastic Biointerfaces, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave., 634045 Tomsk, Russia; (E.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.A.Z.)
| | - Gulsharat A. Baigonakova
- Laboratory of Superelastic Biointerfaces, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave., 634045 Tomsk, Russia; (E.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.A.Z.)
| | - Ilya A. Zhukov
- Laboratory of Superelastic Biointerfaces, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave., 634045 Tomsk, Russia; (E.S.M.); (A.A.K.); (I.A.Z.)
- Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energy Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Socialist 1, 659322 Biysk, Russia
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Seon Y, Choi SK, Kim WK, Kang BJ. A shape memory alloy implant can be an effective surgical treatment in the atlantoaxial joint stabilization using rabbits as substitutes for toy-breed dogs. Am J Vet Res 2023; 84:ajvr.23.07.0158. [PMID: 37591491 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.23.07.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of using shape memory alloy (SMA) implants for atlantoaxial joint stabilization using a rabbit model as a substitute for canines. ANIMALS 20 rabbit cadavers. METHODS We prepared rabbit cadavers from the middle of the skull to the third cervical vertebra. The vertebral body and canal sizes of the atlas and axis were compared using CT data from rabbits, normal dogs, and dogs with atlantoaxial instability (AAI) to assess the feasibility of using rabbits as substitutes for toy-breed dogs. The shape memory alloy (SMA) implants were designed to stabilize the atlantoaxial joint without compromising the spinal canal passage for safety and were classified into SMA-1 and SMA-2 based on their design. To evaluate the strength, the ventrodorsal force was measured with atlantoaxial ligaments intact, after removing the ligaments, and after applying conventional wire or SMA implants to stabilize the atlantoaxial joint. The time taken for implant application was measured. RESULTS No significant difference in vertebral body size of the atlas and axis was observed. A significant difference in vertebral canal size was observed between the animals. In biomechanical testing, the SMA-2 implant provided more stabilization, while the SMA-1 implant had lower strength than the conventional method using wires. The application time of wire was the longest, while that of SMA-1 was the shortest. CLINICAL RELEVANCE SMA implants provide comparable strength and demonstrate superior efficacy compared to conventional dorsal wire fixation of atlantoaxial stabilization. Therefore, SMA implants can be an effective surgical option for AAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeowool Seon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Woo Keyoung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kanegae S, Okugawa M, Koizumi Y. Martensitic Phase-Transforming Metamaterial: Concept and Model. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6854. [PMID: 37959452 PMCID: PMC10648936 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We successfully developed a mechanical metamaterial that displays martensitic transformation for the first time. This metamaterial has a bistable structure capable of transitioning between two stable configurations through shear deformation. The outer shape of the unit cell of this structure is a parallelogram, with its upper and lower sides forming the bases of two solid triangles. The vertices from these triangles within the parallelogram are linked by short beams, while the remaining vertices are linked by long beams. The elastic energy of the essential model of the metamaterial was formulated analytically. The energy barrier between these two stable configurations consists of the elastic strain energy due to the tensile deformation of the short beams, the compressive deformation of the long beams, and the bending deformation of the connecting hinges. One example of a novel metamaterial was additively manufactured via the materials extrusion (MEX) process of thermoplastic polyurethane. The metamaterial exhibited deformation behaviors characteristic of martensitic transformations. This mechanical metamaterial has the potential to obtain properties caused by martensitic transformation in actual materials, such as the shape memory effect and superelasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masayuki Okugawa
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Yuichiro Koizumi
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
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Agarwal N, Ryan Murphy J, Hashemi TS, Mossop T, O’Neill D, Power J, Shayegh A, Brabazon D. Effect of Heat Treatment Time and Temperature on the Microstructure and Shape Memory Properties of Nitinol Wires. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6480. [PMID: 37834617 PMCID: PMC10573343 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of heat treatment parameters on the optimized performance of Ni-rich nickel-titanium wires (NiTi/Nitinol) were investigated that were intended for application as actuators across various industries. In this instance, the maximum recovery strain and actuation angle achievable by a nitinol wire were employed as indicators of optimal performance. Nitinol wires were heat treated at different temperatures, 400-500 °C, and times, 30-120 min, to study the effects of these heat treatment parameters on the actuation performance and properties of the nitinol wires. Assessment covered changes in density, hardness, phase transition temperatures, microstructure, and alloy composition resulting from these heat treatments. DSC analysis revealed a decrease in the austenite transformation temperature, which transitioned from 42.8 °C to 24.39 °C with an increase in heat treatment temperature from 400 °C to 500 °C and was attributed to the formation of Ni4Ti3 precipitates. Increasing the heat treatment time led to an increase in the austenite transformation temperature. A negative correlation between the hardness of the heat-treated samples and the heat treatment temperature was found. This trend can be attributed to the formation and growth of Ni4Ti3 precipitates, which in turn affect the matrix properties. A novel approach involving image analysis was utilized as a simple yet robust analysis method for measurement of recovery strain for the wires as they underwent actuation. It was found that increasing heat treatment temperature from 400 °C to 500 °C above 30 min raised recovery strain from 0.001 to 0.01, thereby maximizing the shape memory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Agarwal
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.); (T.S.H.); (D.O.); (D.B.)
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Josephine Ryan Murphy
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.); (T.S.H.); (D.O.); (D.B.)
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Tina Sadat Hashemi
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.); (T.S.H.); (D.O.); (D.B.)
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Theo Mossop
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Darragh O’Neill
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.); (T.S.H.); (D.O.); (D.B.)
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
| | - John Power
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ali Shayegh
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.); (T.S.H.); (D.O.); (D.B.)
- I-Form Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.M.); (J.P.); (A.S.)
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Luo K, Wang L, Wang MX, Du R, Tang L, Yang KK, Wang YZ. 4D Printing of Biocompatible Scaffolds via In Situ Photo-crosslinking from Shape Memory Copolyesters. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:44373-44383. [PMID: 37669475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of surgical treatments for large-area soft tissue injuries makes placing large implants into injury sites challenging. Aliphatic polyesters are often used for scaffold preparation in tissue engineering owing to their excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. Scaffolds with shape-memory effect (SME) can also avoid large-volume trauma during the implantation. However, the complexity and diversity of diseases require more adaptable and precise processing methods. Four-dimensional (4D) printing, a booming smart material additive manufacturing technology, provides a new opportunity for developing shape memory scaffolds. With the aim of personalized or patient-adaptable soft tissues such as blood vessels, we developed a feasible strategy for fabricating scaffolds with fine architectures using 4D printing crosslinkable shape memory linear copolyesters using fused deposition modeling (FDM). To overcome the weak bonding strength of each printed layer during FDM, a catalyst-free photo-crosslinkable functional group derived from biocompatible cinnamic acid was embedded into the linear copolyesters as in situ crosslinking points during FDM printing. Under ultraviolet-assisted irradiation, the resulting 4D scaffold models demonstrated excellent SME, desirable mechanical performance, and good stability in a water environment owing to the chemical bonding between each layer. Moreover, the excellent biocompatibility of the scaffold was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The developed composite scaffolds could be used for minimally invasive soft tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Big Health and Intelligent Engineering, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Man-Xi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Rui Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ke-Ke Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Prosvirnina AP, Bugrov AN, Bobrova NV, Sivtsov EV, Nikolaeva AL, Kamalov AM, Sokolova MP, Smirnov MA. Three-Dimensional Printed Shape Memory Gels Based on a Structured Disperse System with Hydrophobic Cellulose Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3547. [PMID: 37688173 PMCID: PMC10490119 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inks for 3D printing were prepared by dispersing bacterial cellulose nanofibers (CNF) functionalized with methacrylate groups in a polymerizable deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on choline chloride and acrylic acid with water as a cosolvent. After 3D printing and UV-curing, the double-network composite gel consisting of chemically and physically crosslinked structures composed from sub-networks of modified CNF and polymerized DES, respectively, was formed. The rheological properties of inks, as well as mechanical and shape memory properties of the 3D-printed gels, were investigated in dynamic and static modes. It was shown that the optimal amount of water allows improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite gel due to the formation of closer contacts between the modified CNF. The addition of 12 wt% water results in an increase in strength and ultimate elongation to 11.9 MPa and 300%, respectively, in comparison with 5.5 MPa and 100% for an anhydrous system. At the same time, the best shape memory properties were found for an anhydrous system: shape fixation and recovery coefficients were 80.0 and 95.8%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina P. Prosvirnina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Bugrov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University (ETU “LETI”), ul. Professora Popova 5, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Natalya V. Bobrova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Eugene V. Sivtsov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Moskovsky Pr. 24-26/49, Saint Petersburg 190013, Russia
| | - Alexandra L. Nikolaeva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Almaz M. Kamalov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Maria P. Sokolova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
| | - Michael A. Smirnov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Pr. 31, Saint Petersburg 199004, Russia
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Jolly JC, Jin B, Jin L, Lee Y, Xie T, Gonella S, Sun K, Mao X, Yang S. Soft Mechanical Metamaterials with Transformable Topology Protected by Stress Caching. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2302475. [PMID: 37246271 PMCID: PMC10401159 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Maxwell lattices possess distinct topological states that feature mechanically polarized edge behaviors and asymmetric dynamic responses protected by the topology of their phonon bands. Until now, demonstrations of non-trivial topological behaviors from Maxwell lattices have been limited to fixed configurations or have achieved reconfigurability using mechanical linkages. Here, a monolithic transformable topological mechanical metamaterial is introduced in the form of a generalized kagome lattice made from a shape memory polymer (SMP). It is capable of reversibly exploring topologically distinct phases of the non-trivial phase space via a kinematic strategy that converts sparse mechanical inputs at free edge pairs into a biaxial, global transformation that switches its topological state. All configurations are stable in the absence of confinement or a continuous mechanical input. Its topologically-protected, polarized mechanical edge stiffness is robust against broken hinges or conformational defects. More importantly, it shows that the phase transition of SMPs that modulate chain mobility, can effectively shield a dynamic metamaterial's topological response from its own kinematic stress history, referred to as "stress caching". This work provides a blueprint for monolithic transformable mechanical metamaterials with topological mechanical behavior that is robust against defects and disorder while circumventing their vulnerability to stored elastic energy, which will find applications in switchable acoustic diodes and tunable vibration dampers or isolators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Christopher Jolly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - Binjie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zhe Da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Lishuai Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - YoungJoo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
| | - Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zhe Da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Stefano Gonella
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Drive S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoming Mao
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA
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10
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Sava ȘD, Lohan NM, Pricop B, Popa M, Cimpoeșu N, Comăneci RI, Bujoreanu LG. On the Thermomechanical Behavior of 3D-Printed Specimens of Shape Memory R-PETG. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102378. [PMID: 37242954 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
From commercial pellets of recycled polyethylene terephthalate glycol (R-PETG), 1.75 mm diameter filaments for 3D printing were produced. By varying the filament's deposition direction between 10° and 40° to the transversal axis, parallelepiped specimens were fabricated by additive manufacturing. When bent at room temperature (RT), both the filaments and the 3D-printed specimens recovered their shape during heating, either without any constraint or while lifting a load over a certain distance. In this way, free-recovery and work-generating shape memory effects (SMEs) were developed. The former could be repeated without any visible fatigue marks for as much as 20 heating (to 90 °C)-RT cooling-bending cycles, while the latter enabled the lifting of loads over 50 times heavier than the active specimens. Tensile static failure tests revealed the superiority of the specimens printed at larger angles over those printed at 10°, since the specimens printed at 40° had tensile failure stresses and strains over 35 MPa and 8.5%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) fractographs displayed the structure of the successively deposited layers and a shredding tendency enhanced by the increase in the deposition angle. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis enabled the identification of the glass transition between 67.5 and 77.3 °C, which might explain the occurrence of SMEs in both the filament and 3D-printed specimens. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) emphasized a local increase in storage modulus of 0.87-1.66 GPa that occurred during heating, which might explain the development of work-generating SME in both filament and 3D-printed specimens. These properties recommend 3D-printed parts made of R-PETG as active elements in low-price lightweight actuators operating between RT and 63 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ștefan-Dumitru Sava
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta-Monica Lohan
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Pricop
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Popa
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicanor Cimpoeșu
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu-Ioachim Comăneci
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Leandru-Gheorghe Bujoreanu
- Faculty of Materials Science, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania
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11
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Ping Z, Xie F, Gong X, Liu L, Leng J, Liu Y. Effects of Accelerated Aging on Thermal, Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of Cyanate-Based Shape Memory Polymer: III Vacuum Thermal Cycling. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081893. [PMID: 37112039 PMCID: PMC10141106 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) with intelligent deformability have shown great potential in the field of aerospace, and the research on their adaptability to space environments has far-reaching significance. Chemically cross-linked cyanate-based SMPs (SMCR) with excellent resistance to vacuum thermal cycling were obtained by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) with linear polymer chains to the cyanate cross-linked network. The low reactivity of PEG overcame the shortcomings of high brittleness and poor deformability while endowing cyanate resin with excellent shape memory properties. The SMCR with a glass transition temperature of 205.8 °C exhibited good stability after vacuum thermal cycling. The SMCR maintained a stable morphology and chemical composition after repeated high-low temperature cycle treatments. The SMCR matrix was purified by vacuum thermal cycling, which resulted in an increase in its initial thermal decomposition temperature by 10-17 °C. The continuous vacuum high and low temperature relaxation of the vacuum thermal cycling increased the cross-linking degree of the SMCR, which improved the mechanical properties and thermodynamic properties of SMCR: the tensile strength of SMCR was increased by about 14.5%, the average elastic modulus was greater than 1.83 GPa, and the glass transition temperature increased by 5-10 °C. Furthermore, the shape memory properties of SMCR after vacuum thermal cycling treatment were well maintained due to the stable triazine ring formed by the cross-linking of cyanate resin. This revealed that our developed SMCR had good resistance to vacuum thermal cycling and thus may be a good candidate for aerospace engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Ping
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiaobo Gong
- School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Liwu Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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12
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Xu R, Bai J, Zhou S, Shi Z. Skin-inspired Tough Elastomer with Moisture-Triggered Switchable Mechanical Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023:e2300116. [PMID: 36960603 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Biological tissue usually exhibits good water adaptive mechanical properties, which can maintain high strength and toughness in both wet and dry states. However, synthetic tissue like hydrogel usually becomes hard and brittleness in its dry state. Here we meet this challenge by exploring iron-catechol complex (TA-Fe3+ ) as a great platform combining extremely different polymers (elastomer and hydrogel) to construct new tissue-like soft composite materials with two different continuous phases, which have not yet been reported. In its dry state, the xerogel phase becomes a reinforced segment to increase the strength of PB without losing its toughness. In its wet state, this soft material becomes high performance hydrogel, where hydrogel phase absorbs high water and elastomer phase can sustain high loading. Such heterogeneous phase structures provide a good idea for designing the soft materials, exhibiting a trade-off between its high strength and toughness in both wet and dry states. Furthermore, we explore its shape memory behaviors in both its wet and dry state, which shows a great potential application for complex adaptive shape transformation and engineering application like lifting of heavy objects under remote control due to high photo-thermal transition of TA-Fe3+ . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite Materials and Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite Materials and Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite Materials and Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zixing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite Materials and Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
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13
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Ho CY, Wang CC, Wu TC, Kuan CH, Liu YC, Wang TW. Peptide-functionalized double network hydrogel with compressible shape memory effect for intervertebral disc regeneration. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10447. [PMID: 36925718 PMCID: PMC10013763 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a prominent approach to treat intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, disc transplantation still falls short to fully reconstruct and restore the function of native IVD. Here, we introduce an IVD scaffold consists of a cellulose-alginate double network hydrogel-based annulus fibrosus (AF) and a cellulose hydrogel-based nucleus pulposus (NP). This scaffold mimics native IVD structure and controls the delivery of Growth Differentiation Factor-5 (GDF-5), which induces differentiation of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In addition, this IVD scaffold has modifications on MSC homing peptide and RGD peptide which facilitate the recruitment of MSCs to injured area and enhances their cell adhesion property. The benefits of this double network hydrogel are high compressibility, shape memory effect, and mechanical strength comparable to native IVD. In vivo animal study demonstrates successful reconstruction of injured IVD including both AF and NP. These findings suggest that this double network hydrogel can serve as a promising approach to IVD regeneration with other potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation New Taipei City Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chiao Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Kuan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan.,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
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14
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Benecke L, Tonndorf R, Cherif C, Aibibu D. Influence of Spinning Method on Shape Memory Effect of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Yarns. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15010239. [PMID: 36616589 PMCID: PMC9824155 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymers are gaining increasing attention, especially in the medical field, due to their ability to recover high deformations, low activation temperatures, and relatively high actuation stress. Furthermore, shape memory polymers can be applied as fiber-based solutions for the development of smart devices used in many fields, e.g., industry 4.0, medicine, and skill learning. These kind of applications require sensors, actors, and conductive structures. Textile structures address these applications by meeting requirements such as being flexible, adaptable, and wearable. In this work, the influence of spinning methods and parameters on the effect of shape memory polymer yarns was investigated, comparing melt and wet spinning. It is shown that the spinning method can significantly influence the strain fixation and generated stress during the activation of the shape memory effect. Furthermore, for wet spinning, the draw ratio could affect the stress conversion, influencing its efficiency. Therefore, the selection of the spinning process is essential for the setting of application-specific shape-changing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Benecke
- Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Tonndorf
- Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Chokri Cherif
- Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dilbar Aibibu
- Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Material Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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15
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Park MS, Kim K, Lee YJ, Na JH, Kim SU. Deformable Photonic Crystals Based on Chiral Liquid Crystals with Thermal-Mediative Shape Memory Effect. Materials (Basel) 2022; 16:35. [PMID: 36614374 PMCID: PMC9821410 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We propose a deformable photonic crystal that exhibits the thermal-mediative shape memory effect. The chiral liquid crystalline polymeric scaffold, which produces the structural colors from a helical twist of the liquid crystal director, is prepared through phase-stabilization of a reactive mesogen in a small molecular chiral liquid crystal (CLC), polymerization, and removal of the CLC. The prepolymer of polyurethane acrylate (PUA) is then infiltrated in the prepared scaffold and subsequently photo-polymerized to form a CLC-PUA composite film. Upon compression, this film shows the blue shift of the structural color and retains this color-shift as released from compression. As the temperature increases, the color is recovered to a pristine state. The concept proposed in this study will be useful for designing mechanochromic soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Park
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Kim
- Department of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jun-Hee Na
- Department of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Um Kim
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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16
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Rahmatabadi D, Aberoumand M, Soltanmohammadi K, Soleyman E, Ghasemi I, Baniassadi M, Abrinia K, Zolfagharian A, Bodaghi M, Baghani M. A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245446. [PMID: 36559813 PMCID: PMC9787995 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new strategy and design for achieving a shape memory effect (SME) and 4D printed two-layer composite structures is unveiled, thanks to fused deposition modeling (FDM) biomaterial printing of commercial filaments, which do not have an SME. We used ABS and PCL as two well-known thermoplastics, and TPU as elastomer filaments that were printed in a two-layer structure. The thermoplastic layer plays the role of constraint for the elastomeric layer. A rubber-to-glass transition of the thermoplastic layer acts as a switching phenomenon that provides the capability of stabilizing the temporary shape, as well as storing the deformation stress for the subsequent recovery of the permanent shape by phase changing the thermoplastic layer in the opposite direction. The results show that ABS-TPU had fixity and recovery ratios above 90%. The PCL-TPU composite structure also demonstrated complete recovery, but its fixity was 77.42%. The difference in the SME of the two composite structures is related to the transition for each thermoplastic and programming temperature. Additionally, in the early cycles, the shape-memory performance decreased, and in the fourth and fifth cycles, it almost stabilized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs illustrated superior interfacial bonding and part integrity in the case of multi-material 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Rahmatabadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | | | | | - Elyas Soleyman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Ismaeil Ghasemi
- Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14975, Iran
| | - Majid Baniassadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Karen Abrinia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia
| | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Mostafa Baghani
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (M.B.)
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17
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Xin H, Li Y, Peng Q. Trans-Polyisoprene/Poly (Ethylene-co-Vinyl Acetate) Polymer Composites as High-Performance Triple Shape Memory Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36559711 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance and programming conditions of the triple shape memory of crosslinked trans-polyisoprene/poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (TPI/EVA) composites with different contents of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) were investigated. The effect of triple shape memory in the TPI/EVA composites was studied by tensile loading, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA). It was demonstrated that the content of DCP increased, the crystallization temperature of TPI decreased from 55.2 to 38.3 °C, and the crystallization temperature of EVA decreased slightly. The SEM results showed that DCP, as an initiator, could form a graft copolymer of TPI-g-EVA at the interface of the two phases, which could improve the adhesion of the two phases. The DMA showed that the higher the content of DCP, the higher the first-stage shape recovery ratio. Moreover, the composites exhibited favorable shape fixity ratio (Rf) and shape recovery ratio (Rr) with the incorporation of 0.4 phr DCP. At the same time, it was demonstrated that the TPI/EVA composites showed excellent mechanical strength, including tensile strength up to 24.3 MPa, as well as elongation at break reaching 508%.
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18
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Marchenko E, Monogenov A, Klopotov A, Baigonakova G, Chudinova E, Vorozhtsov A, Sokolov S. Phase Composition, Microstructure, Multiple Shape Memory Effect of TiNi 50-xV x (x = 1; 2; 4 at.%) System Alloys. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8359. [PMID: 36499854 PMCID: PMC9737250 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The phase composition, microstructure, and multiple shape memory effect of TiNi50-xVx alloys were studied in this work. The phase composition of the TiNi50-xVx system is the TiNi matrix, spherical particles of TiNiV, the secondary phase Ti2Ni(V). Doping of TiNi alloys with vanadium atoms leads to an increase in the stability of high-temperature B2 and rhombohedral R-phases. An increase in the atomic volume with an increase in the concentration of the alloying element V from 1 to 4 at.% was established. Vanadium doping of the Ti-Ni-V system alloys leads to an increase in the temperature interval for the manifestation of the multiple shape memory effect. It has been established that the value of the reversible deformation of the multiple shape memory effect both during heating and during cooling increases linearly from 2 to 4% with an increase in the vanadium concentration.
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19
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Qiang X, Chen L, Jiang X. Achievements and Perspectives on Fe-Based Shape Memory Alloys for Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Bridges: An Overview. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8089. [PMID: 36431574 PMCID: PMC9717741 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reinforced concrete (RC) bridges often face great demands of strengthening or repair during their service life. Fe-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) as a kind of low-cost smart materials have great potential to enhance civil engineering structures. The stable shape memory effect of Fe-SMAs is generated by, taking Fe-Mn-Si alloys as an example, the martensite transformation of fcc(γ) → hcp(ε) and its reverse transformation which produces considerable recovery stress (400~500 MPa) that can be used as prestress for reinforcement of RC bridges. In this work, the mechanism, techniques, and applications of Fe-SMAs in the reinforcement of RC beams in the past two decades are classified and introduced in detail. Finally, some new perspectives on Fe-SMAs application in civil engineering and their expected evolution are proposed. This paper offers an effective active rehabilitation alternative for the traditional passive strengthening method of RC bridges.
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20
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Naveen BS, Jose NT, Krishnan P, Mohapatra S, Pendharkar V, Koh NYH, Lim WY, Huang WM. Evolution of Shore Hardness under Uniaxial Tension/Compression in Body-Temperature Programmable Elastic Shape Memory Hybrids. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4872. [PMID: 36432998 PMCID: PMC9697891 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Body-temperature programmable elastic shape memory hybrids (SMHs) have great potential for the comfortable fitting of wearable devices. Traditionally, shore hardness is commonly used in the characterization of elastic materials. In this paper, the evolution of shore hardness in body-temperature programmable elastic SMHs upon cyclic loading, and during the shape memory cycle, is systematically investigated. Upon cyclic loading, similar to the Mullins effect, significant softening appears, when the applied strain is over a certain value. On the other hand, after programming, in general, the measured hardness increases with increase in programming strain. However, for certain surfaces, the hardness decreases slightly and then increases rapidly. The underlying mechanism for this phenomenon is explained by the formation of micro-gaps between the inclusion and the matrix after programming. After heating, to melt the inclusions, all samples (both cyclically loaded and programmed) largely recover their original hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasundaram Selvan Naveen
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nivya Theresa Jose
- Polymer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Pranav Krishnan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Subham Mohapatra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Vivek Pendharkar
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nicholas Yuan Han Koh
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Woon Yong Lim
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Min Huang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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21
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Korkmaz İH, Sağlam M. Determination of the Effect of TiN Coating on Self-Fitting Properties of Dental Implants Made of NiTi Alloy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4586-4595. [PMID: 36048733 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Design and material research continues to increase dental implants' success rates, which is a widely applied treatment type. The size and morphology of the implant-bone interface are essential for implant stability. Our study produced a dental implant with two artificial tooth roots from NiTi alloy to increase the implant-bone contact surface. The properties of NiTi alloy, such as transformation temperature and composition, were determined by material characterization tests. Using NiTi alloy's shape memory effect, these artificial roots at body temperature were programmed with appropriate heat treatments for the self-fitting feature. Dental-implant-like models are coated with TiN to prevent Ni ion release. The corrosion tests were performed in Ringer's solution to determine the effect of TiN coating on Ni ion release. The nickel ion emission values showed that the TiN coating inhibited the release. In addition, it was determined that the TiN coating increased the shape memory transformation time of the NiTi alloy. In in vitro tests of NiTi and TiN-coated NiTi implants, it was observed that they completed self-fitting by deforming the trabecular bone, but the placement in the cortical bone was not complete. During the use of a shape memory implant, it should complete its transformation without contacting the cortical bone and should not cause a stress concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Hakkı Korkmaz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalanı Yolu Cad. No:53 Yakutiye, Erzurum 25050, Turkey
| | - Miraç Sağlam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Omer Nasuhi Bilmen Mah. Havaalanı Yolu Cad. No:53 Yakutiye, Erzurum 25050, Turkey
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22
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Bugrov AN, Gorshkova YE, Ivan'kova EM, Kopitsa GP, Pavlova AA, Popova EN, Smirnova VE, Smyslov RY, Svetlichnyi VM, Vaganov GV, Vasil'ev BV. Domain Structure, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polycaprolactone-Based Multiblock Polyurethane-Ureas under Control of Hard and Soft Segment Lengths. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36236094 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of multiblock polyurethane-ureas (PUU) based on polycaprolactone diol (PCL) with a molecular mass of 530 or 2000 g/mol, as well as hard segments of different lengths and structures, were synthesized by the step-growth polymerization method. The chemical structure of the synthesized multiblock copolymers was confirmed by IR- and NMR-spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to determine the relaxation and phase transition temperatures for the entire series of the obtained PUU. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) method made it possible to identify PUU compositions in which the crystallizability of soft segments (SS) is manifested due to their sufficient length for self-organization and structuring. Visualization of the crystal structure and disordering of the stacking of SS with an increase in their molecular mobility during heating are shown using optical microscopy. The change in the size of the hard phase domains and the value of the interdomain distance depending on the PCL molecular mass, as well as the length and structure of the hard block in the synthesized PUU, were analyzed using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The evolution of the domain structure upon passing through the melting and crystallization temperatures of PUU soft blocks was studied using SANS. The studies carried out made it possible to reveal the main correlations between the chemical structure of the synthesized PUU and their supramolecular organization as well as thermal and mechanical properties.
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23
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Nair VS, Nachimuthu R. The role of NiTi shape memory alloys in quality of life improvement through medical advancements: A comprehensive review. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:923-950. [PMID: 35486134 DOI: 10.1177/09544119221093460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The significance of advanced smart materials in recent technological research and advancement is apparent from its extensive use in present day devices and instruments. Of the various smart materials in use today, the fascinating category of shape memory alloys (SMAs) is equipped with the ability to return to a previously memorized shape under certain thermomechanical or magnetic stimuli. The unique property of shape memory effect and superelasticity displayed by these materials along with good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance make them ideal for biomedical applications. The various applications of SMAs in surgical instruments, surgical implants, and assistive and rehabilitative devices have significant effect on the day to day life of people in the present age. Majority of these biomedical devices belong to the orthodontic, orthopedic, or surgical fields. Other remarkable applications of SMAs such as in the production of prostheses and orthoses designed through the biomimetic approach are also highly influential in improving the quality of life. The present paper provides an overview of the various properties of shape memory alloys and their applications in the biomedical field over the years, that have had a significant impact on the realm of medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswajith S Nair
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - Radhika Nachimuthu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
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Popa M, Lohan NM, Pricop B, Cimpoeșu N, Porcescu M, Comăneci RI, Cazacu M, Borza F, Bujoreanu LG. Structural-Functional Changes in a Ti 50Ni 45Cu 5 Alloy Caused by Training Procedures Based on Free-Recovery and Work-Generating Shape Memory Effect. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12122088. [PMID: 35745427 PMCID: PMC9228680 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Active elements made of Ti50Ni45Cu5 shape memory alloy (SMA) were martensitic at room temperature (RT) after hot rolling with instant water quenching. These pristine specimens were subjected to two thermomechanical training procedures consisting of (i) free recovery shape memory effect (FR-SME) and (ii) work generating shape memory effect (WG-SME) under constant stress as well as dynamic bending and RT static tensile testing (TENS). The structural-functional changes, caused by the two training procedures as well as TENS were investigated by various experimental techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fragments cut from the active regions of trained specimens or from the elongated gauges of TENS specimens were analyzed by DSC, XRD, and AFM. The DSC thermograms revealed the shift in critical transformation temperatures and a diminution in specific absorbed enthalpy as an effect of training cycles. The DMA thermograms of pristine specimens emphasized a change of storage modulus variation during heating after the application of isothermal dynamical bending at RT. The XRD patterns and AMF micrographs disclosed the different evolution of martensite plate variants as an effect of FR-SME cycling and of being elongated upon convex surfaces or compressed upon concave surfaces of bent specimens. For illustrative reasons, the evolution of unit cell parameters of B19′ martensite, as a function of the number of cycles of FR-SME training, upon concave regions was discussed. AFM micrographs emphasized wider and shallower martensite plates on the convex region as compared to the concave one. With increasing the number of FR-SME training cycles, plates’ heights decreased by 84–87%. The results suggest that FR-SME training caused marked decreases in martensite plate dimensions, which engendered a decrease in specific absorbed enthalpy during martensite reversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Popa
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (N.-M.L.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (R.I.C.)
| | - Nicoleta-Monica Lohan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (N.-M.L.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (R.I.C.)
| | - Bogdan Pricop
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (N.-M.L.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (R.I.C.)
| | - Nicanor Cimpoeșu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (N.-M.L.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (R.I.C.)
| | - Marieta Porcescu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 47, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (F.B.)
| | - Radu Ioachim Comăneci
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (N.-M.L.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (R.I.C.)
| | - Maria Cazacu
- Department of Inorganic Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iași, Romania;
| | - Firuța Borza
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 47, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (F.B.)
| | - Leandru-Gheorghe Bujoreanu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iași, Romania; (M.P.); (N.-M.L.); (B.P.); (N.C.); (R.I.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Pricop B, Sava ȘD, Lohan NM, Bujoreanu LG. DMA Investigation of the Factors Influencing the Glass Transition in 3D Printed Specimens of Shape Memory Recycled PET. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112248. [PMID: 35683921 PMCID: PMC9183118 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used worldwide for packing, and for this reason, it is the main material in plastic waste. The paper uses granules of recycled PET (R-PET) as raw material for producing filaments for 3D printing, subsequently used for printing the test specimens in different ways: longitudinally and at angles between 10° and 40° in this direction. Both the filaments and the printed specimens experience thermally driven shape memory effect (SME) since they have been able to recover their straight shape during heating, after being bent to a certain angle, at room temperature (RT). SME could be reproduced three times, in the case of printed specimens, and was investigated by cinematographic analysis. Then, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used, in R-PET granules, filaments and 3D printed specimens, to emphasize the existence of glass transition, which represents the governing mechanism of SME occurrence in thermoplastic polymers, as well as a recrystallization reaction. Subsequently, the paper investigated the 3D printed specimens by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) using a dual cantilever specimen holder. Temperature (DMA-TS) and isothermal scans (DMA-Izo) were performed, with the aim to discuss the variations of storage modulus and loss modulus with temperature and time, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Pricop
- Faculty of Materials Science, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (B.P.); (N.-M.L.)
| | | | - Nicoleta-Monica Lohan
- Faculty of Materials Science, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (B.P.); (N.-M.L.)
| | - Leandru-Gheorghe Bujoreanu
- Faculty of Materials Science, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Blvd. Dimitrie Mangeron 71A, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (B.P.); (N.-M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-727-486-406
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Chen J, Wen Y, Zeng L, Wang X, Chen H, Huang WM, Bai Y, Yu W, Zhao K, Hu P. Room-Temperature Solid-State UV Cross-Linkable Vitrimer-like Polymers for Additive Manufacturing. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2203. [PMID: 35683876 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a UV cross-linkable vitrimer-like polymer, ureidopyrimidinone functionalized telechelic polybutadiene, is reported. It is synthesized in two steps. First, 2(6-isocyanatohexylaminocarbonylamino)-6-methyl-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy-NCO) reacts with hydroxy-functionalized polybutadiene (HTPB) to obtain UPy-HTPB-UPy, and then the resulted UPy-HTPB-UPy is cross-linked under 365 nm UV light (photo-initiator: bimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, DMPA). Further investigation reveals that the density of cross-linking and mechanical properties of the resulting polymers can be tailored via varying the amount of photo-initiator and UV exposure time. Before UV cross-linking, UPy-HTPB-UPy is found to be vitrimer-like due to the quadruple hydrogen-bonding interactions. The UPy groups at the end of the chain also enable for rapid solidification upon the evaporation of the solvent. The unsaturated double bonds in the HTPB chains enable UPy-HTPB-UPy to be UV cross-linkable in the solid state at room temperature. After cross-linking, the polymers have good shape memory effect (SME). Here, we demonstrate that this type of polymer can have many potential applications in additive manufacturing. In the cases of fused deposition modelling (FDM) and direct ink writing (DIW), not only the strength of the interlayer bonding but also the strength of the polymer itself can be enhanced via UV exposure (from thermoplastic to thermoset) either during printing or after printing. The SME after cross-linking further helps to achieve rapid volumetric additive manufacturing anytime and anywhere.
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Guo X, Wang X, Tang H, Ren Y, Li D, Yi B, Zhang Y. Engineering a Mechanoactive Fibrous Substrate with Enhanced Efficiency in Regulating Stem Cell Tenodifferentiation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:23219-23231. [PMID: 35544769 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun-aligned fibers in ultrathin fineness have previously demonstrated a limited capacity in driving stem cells to differentiate into tendon-like cells. In view of the tendon's mechanoactive nature, endowing such aligned fibrous structure with mechanoactivity to exert in situ mechanical stimulus by itself, namely, without any forces externally applied, is likely to potentiate its efficiency of tenogenic induction. To test this hypothesis, in this study, a shape-memory-capable poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) copolymer was electrospun into aligned fibrous form followed by a "stretching-recovery" shape-programming procedure to impart shape memory capability. Thereafter, in the absence of tenogenic supplements, human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were cultured on the programmed fibrous substrates for a duration of 7 days, and the effects of constrained recovery resultant stress-stiffening on cell morphology, proliferation, and tenogenic differentiation were examined. The results indicate that the in situ enacted mechanical stimulus due to shape memory effect (SME) did not have adverse influence on cell viability and proliferation, but significantly promoted cellular elongation along the direction of fiber alignment. Moreover, it revealed that tendon-specific protein markers such as tenomodulin (TNMD) and tenascin-C (TNC) and gene expression of scleraxis (SCX), TNMD, TNC, and collagen I (COL I) were significantly upregulated on the mechanoactive fibrous substrate with higher recovery stress compared to the counterparts. Mechanistically, the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway was identified to be involved in the substrate self-actuation-induced enhancement in tenodifferentiation. Together, these results suggest that constrained shape recovery stress may be employed as an innovative loading modality to regulate the stem cell tenodifferentiation by presenting the fibrous substrate with an aligned tendon-like topographical cue and an additional mechanoactivity. This newly demonstrated paradigm in modulating stem cell tenodifferentiation may improve the efficacy of tendon tissue engineering strategy for tendon healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuran Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xianliu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Han Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yajuan Ren
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Donghong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bingcheng Yi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanzhong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou 310058, China
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Zhang ZX, Zhang J, Wu H, Ji Y, Kumar DD. Iron-Based Shape Memory Alloys in Construction: Research, Applications and Opportunities. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15051723. [PMID: 35268954 PMCID: PMC8910999 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
As a promising candidate in the construction industry, iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) has attracted lots of attention in the engineering and metallography communities because of its foreseeable benefits including corrosion resistance, shape recovery capability, excellent plastic deformability, and outstanding fatigue resistance. Pilot applications have proved the feasibility of Fe-SMA as a highly efficient functional material in the construction sector. This paper provides a review of recent developments in research and design practice related to Fe-SMA. The basic mechanical properties are presented and compared with conventional structural steel, and some necessary explanations are given on the metallographic transformation mechanism. Newly emerged applications, such as Fe-SMA-based prestressing/strengthening techniques and seismic-resistant components/devices, are discussed. It is believed that Fe-SMA offers a wide range of applications in the construction industry but there still remains problems to be addressed and areas to be further explored. Some research needs at material-level, component-level, and system-level are highlighted in this paper. With the systematic information provided, this paper not only benefits professionals and researchers who have been working in this area for a long time and wanting to gain an in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art, but also helps enlighten a wider audience intending to get acquainted with this exciting topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Xi Zhang
- Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.-X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.J.); (D.D.K.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.-X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.J.); (D.D.K.)
| | - Honglei Wu
- Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.-X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.J.); (D.D.K.)
- Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-021-3537-7165
| | - Yuezhen Ji
- Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.-X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.J.); (D.D.K.)
- China Railway ERYUAN Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Dheeraj D. Kumar
- Department of Structural Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Z.-X.Z.); (J.Z.); (Y.J.); (D.D.K.)
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Sun XC, Zhang ZP, Sun ZJ, Zheng JX, Liu XQ, Xia H. Smart Diffraction Gratings based on the Shape Memory Effect. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100863. [PMID: 35179256 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The shape memory effect is the capability of a structure or a material that can be deformed into a certain temporary shape under the external stimulus, and the shape will be fixed without the stimulus. The recovery process can be triggered by the same stimulus. The intelligent tunable device based on the shape memory effect has a wide range of applications in many fields. In the optical field, smart diffraction gratings can accomplish in-situ optical diffraction according to requirements, meeting the high demand in the next generation of smart optical systems. However, it is essential to construct high-precision grating structures based on shape memory materials. Here, a smart diffraction grating based on UV-curable shape memory polymer via two-beam interference is reported, with nano-scale precision, excellent deformability and recovery ability and adjustable spectroscopic performance. More importantly, based on the shape memory effect, grating structures that surpass the precision of the fabrication system can be obtained. The smart grating exhibits rapid deformation and recovery upon heating and long-term storage capability, which facilitates them to be applied in optics, electronics and integrated sensing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xue-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
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Pechetov AA, Volchanskiy DA, Makov MA. [Correction of pectus excavatum and long-term outcome in adult]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2022:84-89. [PMID: 35080832 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202201184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital chest malformation characterized by symmetrical or asymmetric depression of the chest with deformation of the sternocostal complex. Pectus excavatum is often associated with other dysplastic diseases of connective tissue. Ravitch thoracoplasty and Nuss minimally invasive correction are the most common today. The authors report surgical correction of PE in a 50-years-old male who underwent Ravitch modified thoracoplasty with implantation of shape memory plate. Long-term treatment outcomes and technical properties of the plate after removing are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Pechetov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Volchanskiy
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Makov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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Nohira N, Chiu WT, Umise A, Tahara M, Hosoda H. Achievement of Room Temperature Superelasticity in Ti-Mo-Al Alloy System via Manipulation of ω Phase Stability. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:861. [PMID: 35160806 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The achievement of room-temperature (RT) superelasticity in a Ti-Mo-Al ternary alloy system through the addition of a relatively high concentration of Al to manipulate the phase stability of the ω phase is realized in this study. The composition of the Ti-6 mol% Mo (Ti-11.34 mass% Mo) alloy was designated as the starting alloy, while 5 mol% Al (=2.71 mass% Al) and 10 mol% Al (=5.54 mass% Al) were introduced to promote their superelastic behavior. Among the alloys, Ti-6 mol% Mo-10 mol% Al alloy, which was investigated for the very first time in this work, performed the best in terms of superelasticity. On the other hand, Ti-6 mol% Mo and Ti-6 mol% Mo-5 mol% Al alloys exhibited a shape memory effect upon heating. It is worth mentioning that in the transmission electron microscopy observation, ω phase, which appeared along with β-parent phase, was significantly suppressed as Al concentration was elevated up to 10 mol%. Therefore, the conventional difficulties of the inhibited RT superelasticity were successfully revealed by regulating the number density of the ω phase below a threshold.
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Lovšin M, Brandl D, Glavan G, Belyaeva IA, Cmok L, Čoga L, Kalin M, Shamonin M, Drevenšek-Olenik I. Reconfigurable Surface Micropatterns Based on the Magnetic Field-Induced Shape Memory Effect in Magnetoactive Elastomers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244422. [PMID: 34960973 PMCID: PMC8708412 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A surface relief grating with a period of 30 µm is embossed onto the surface of magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) samples in the presence of a moderate magnetic field of about 180 mT. The grating, which is represented as a set of parallel stripes with two different amplitude reflectivity coefficients, is detected via diffraction of a laser beam in the reflection configuration. Due to the magnetic-field-induced plasticity effect, the grating persists on the MAE surface for at least 90 h if the magnetic field remains present. When the magnetic field is removed, the diffraction efficiency vanishes in a few minutes. The described effect is much more pronounced in MAE samples with larger content of iron filler (80 wt%) than in the samples with lower content of iron filler (70 wt%). A simple theoretical model is proposed to describe the observed dependence of the diffraction efficiency on the applied magnetic field. Possible applications of MAEs as magnetically reconfigurable diffractive optical elements are discussed. It is proposed that the described experimental method can be used as a convenient tool for investigations of the dynamics of magnetically induced plasticity of MAEs on the micrometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matija Lovšin
- Department of Complex Matter, J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Dominik Brandl
- East Bavarian Centre for Intelligent Materials (EBACIM), Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Regensburg, Seybothstr. 2, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.B.); (G.G.); (I.A.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Gašper Glavan
- East Bavarian Centre for Intelligent Materials (EBACIM), Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Regensburg, Seybothstr. 2, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.B.); (G.G.); (I.A.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Inna A. Belyaeva
- East Bavarian Centre for Intelligent Materials (EBACIM), Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Regensburg, Seybothstr. 2, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.B.); (G.G.); (I.A.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Luka Cmok
- Department of Complex Matter, J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Lucija Čoga
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.Č.); (M.K.)
| | - Mitjan Kalin
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.Č.); (M.K.)
| | - Mikhail Shamonin
- East Bavarian Centre for Intelligent Materials (EBACIM), Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule (OTH) Regensburg, Seybothstr. 2, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.B.); (G.G.); (I.A.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Irena Drevenšek-Olenik
- Department of Complex Matter, J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.L.); (L.C.)
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
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Chatterjee S, Chatterjee S, Giri S, Majumdar S. Transport properties of Heusler compounds and alloys. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 34:013001. [PMID: 34521079 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac268c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heusler compounds are a large group of intermetallic compositions with versatile material properties. In recent times, they are found to be important for their practical applications in the fields of spintronics and shape memory effect. Interestingly, their physical properties can be easily tuned by varying the valence electron concentration through proper doping and substitution. Empirical laws concerning the valence electron concentration, such as Slater-Pauling or Hume-Rothery rules are found to be useful in predicting their electronic, magnetic and structural properties quite accurately. Electrical transport measurements are simple laboratory-based techniques to gather a handful of information on the electronic properties of metals and semiconductors. The present review aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the transport in 3dand 4dtransition metal-based bulk Heusler compositions. The main emphasis is given on resistivity, magnetoresistance, Hall effect, thermopower and spin-dependent transport in spintronics devices. The review primarily focuses on magnetic Heusler compounds and alloys, albeit it also addresses several non-magnetic materials showing superconductivity or large thermopower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehashish Chatterjee
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Souvik Chatterjee
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Saurav Giri
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Subham Majumdar
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Chiu WT, Fuchiwaki K, Umise A, Tahara M, Inamura T, Hosoda H. Investigations of Effects of Intermetallic Compound on the Mechanical Properties and Shape Memory Effect of Ti-Au-Ta Biomaterials. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14195810. [PMID: 34640207 PMCID: PMC8510109 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the world population aging, biomedical materials, such as shape memory alloys (SMAs) have attracted much attention. The biocompatible Ti-Au-Ta SMAs, which also possess high X-ray contrast for the applications like guidewire utilized in surgery, were studied in this work. The alloys were successfully prepared by physical metallurgy techniques and the phase constituents, microstructures, chemical compositions, shape memory effect (SME), and superelasticity (SE) of the Ti-Au-Ta SMAs were also examined. The functionalities, such as SME, were revealed by the introduction of the third element Ta; in addition, obvious improvements of the alloy performances of the ternary Ti-Au-Ta alloys were confirmed while compared with that of the binary Ti-Au alloy. The Ti3Au intermetallic compound was both found crystallographically and metallographically in the Ti-4 at.% Au-30 at.% Ta alloy. The strength of the alloy was promoted by the precipitates of the Ti3Au intermetallic compound. The effects of the Ti3Au precipitates on the mechanical properties, SME, and SE were also investigated in this work. Slight shape recovery was found in the Ti-4 at.% Au-20 at.% Ta alloy during unloading of an externally applied stress.
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Zi Y, Pei D, Wang J, Qi S, Tian G, Wu D. High-Temperature-Induced Shape Memory Copolyimide. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3222. [PMID: 34641038 PMCID: PMC8512334 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of polyimide (PI) films with a high-temperature-induced shape memory effect and tunable properties were prepared via the facile random copolymerization of 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA) with 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropyl)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA). The trigger temperature can be controlled from 294 to 326 °C by adjusting the ratio of monomers. The effects of monomer rigidity on the chain mobility, physical properties, and shape memory performance of as-prepared copolyimide were systematically investigated. The introduction of ODPA could enhance the mobility of PI macromolecular chains, which made chain entanglement more likely to occur and increased the physical crosslinking density, thereby improving the PI's shape recovery up to 97%. Meanwhile, the existence of 6FDA enabled PI films to set quickly at low temperatures with a shape fixation of 98%. The shape memory cycling characteristics of the polyimide films are also studied, and the relationship between the PI chemical structure and the film properties are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guofeng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.Z.); (D.P.); (J.W.); (S.Q.); (D.W.)
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Orlov AP, Frolov AV, Lega PV, Kartsev A, Zybtsev SG, Pokrovskii VY, Koledov VV. Shape memory effect nanotools for nano-creation: examples of nanowire-based devices with charge density waves. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:49LT01. [PMID: 34438379 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac2190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanotweezers based on the shape memory effect have been developed and tested. In combination with a commercial nanomanipulator, they allow 3D nanoscale operation controlled in a scanning electron microscope. Here we apply the tweezers for the fabrication of nanostructures based on whiskers of NbS3, a quasi one-dimensional compound with room-temperature charge density wave (CDW). The nanowhiskers were separated without damage from the growth batch, an entangled array, and safely transferred to a substrate with a preliminary deposited Au film. The contacts were fabricated with Pt sputtering on top of the whisker and the film. The high degree of synchronization of the sliding CDW under a RF field with a frequency up to 600 MHz confirms the high quality of the contacts and of the sample structure after the manipulations. The proposed technique paves the way to novel type micro- and nanostructures fabrication and their various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey P Orlov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia
- Institute of Nanotechnology of Microelectronics of the RAS, Moscow, 115487, Russia
| | - Aleksei V Frolov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia
| | - Peter V Lega
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia
| | - Alexey Kartsev
- Computing Center of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 65 Kim Yu Chena Ulitsa, Khabarovsk, 680000, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, 105005, Russia
| | - Sergey G Zybtsev
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia
| | - Vadim Ya Pokrovskii
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia
| | - Victor V Koledov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia
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Wen S, Gan J, Li F, Zhou Y, Yan C, Shi Y. Research Status and Prospect of Additive Manufactured Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4496. [PMID: 34443019 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nickel-titanium alloys have been widely used in biomedical, aerospace and other fields due to their shape memory effect, superelastic effect, as well as biocompatible and elasto-thermal properties. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology can form complex and fine structures, which greatly expands the application range of Ni-Ti alloy. In this study, the development trend of additive manufactured Ni-Ti alloy was analyzed. Subsequently, the most widely used selective laser melting (SLM) process for forming Ni-Ti alloy was summarized. Especially, the relationship between Ni-Ti alloy materials, SLM processing parameters, microstructure and properties of Ni-Ti alloy formed by SLM was revealed. The research status of Ni-Ti alloy formed by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), electron beam melting (EBM), directional energy dedication (DED), selective laser sintering (SLS) and other AM processes was briefly described, and its mechanical properties were emphatically expounded. Finally, several suggestions concerning Ni-Ti alloy material preparation, structure design, forming technology and forming equipment in the future were put forward in order to accelerate the engineering application process of additive manufactured Ni-Ti alloy. This study provides a useful reference for scientific research and engineering application of additive manufactured Ni-Ti alloys.
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38
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Fang F, Wang H, Wang H, Huang WM, Chen Y, Cai N, Chen X, Chen X. Stimulus-Responsive Shrinkage in Electrospun Membranes: Fundamentals and Control. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:920. [PMID: 34442542 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Shrinkage is observed in many electrospun membranes. The stretched conformation of the macromolecular chains has been proposed as the possible cause. However, so far, our understanding of the fundamentals is still qualitative and cannot provide much help in the shrinkage control. In this paper, based on the crimped fibers after stimulus-induced shrinkage, a clear evidence of buckling, the gradient pre-strain field in the cross-section of the electrospun fibers, which is the result of a gradient solidification field and a tensile force in the fibers during electrospinning, is identified as the underlying mechanism for the stimulus-induced shrinkage. Subsequently, two buckling conditions are derived. Subsequently, a series of experiments are carried out to reveal the influence of four typical processing parameters (namely, the applied voltage, solution concentration, distance between electrodes, and rotation speed of collector), which are highly relevant to the formation of the gradient pre-strain field. It is concluded that there are some different ways to achieve the required shrinkage ratios in two in-plane directions (i.e., the rotational and transverse directions of the roller collector). Some of the combinations of these parameters are more effective at achieving high uniformity than others. Hence, it is possible to optimize the processing parameters to produce high-quality membranes with well-controlled shrinkage in both in-plane directions.
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Zhang Q, Cui B, Sun B, Zhang X, Dong Z, Liu Q, Cui T. Effect of Sm Doping on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Shape Memory Effect of Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4007. [PMID: 34300926 DOI: 10.3390/ma14144007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of rare earth element Sm on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and shape memory effect of the high temperature shape memory alloy, Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni-xSm (x = 0, 0.2 and 0.5) (wt.%), are studied in this work. The results show that the Sm addition reduces the grain size of the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni alloy from millimeters to hundreds of microns. The microstructure of the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni-xSm alloys are composed of 18R and a face-centered cubic Sm-rich phase at room temperature. In addition, because the addition of the Sm element enhances the fine-grain strengthening effect, the mechanical properties and the shape memory effect of the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni alloy were greatly improved. When x = 0.5, the compressive fracture stress and the compressive fracture strain increased from 580 MPa, 10.5% to 1021 MPa, 14.8%, respectively. When the pre-strain is 10%, a reversible strain of 6.3% can be obtained for the Cu-13.0Al-4.0Ni-0.2Sm alloy.
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40
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Lee J, Kang SK. Principles for Controlling the Shape Recovery and Degradation Behavior of Biodegradable Shape-Memory Polymers in Biomedical Applications. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:757. [PMID: 34199036 PMCID: PMC8305960 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymers with the shape memory effect possess tremendous potential for application in diverse fields, including aerospace, textiles, robotics, and biomedicine, because of their mechanical properties (softness and flexibility) and chemical tunability. Biodegradable shape memory polymers (BSMPs) have unique benefits of long-term biocompatibility and formation of zero-waste byproducts as the final degradable products are resorbed or absorbed via metabolism or enzyme digestion processes. In addition to their application toward the prevention of biofilm formation or internal tissue damage caused by permanent implant materials and the subsequent need for secondary surgery, which causes secondary infections and complications, BSMPs have been highlighted for minimally invasive medical applications. The properties of BSMPs, including high tunability, thermomechanical properties, shape memory performance, and degradation rate, can be achieved by controlling the combination and content of the comonomer and crystallinity. In addition, the biodegradable chemistry and kinetics of BSMPs, which can be controlled by combining several biodegradable polymers with different hydrolysis chemistry products, such as anhydrides, esters, and carbonates, strongly affect the hydrolytic activity and erosion property. A wide range of applications including self-expending stents, wound closure, drug release systems, and tissue repair, suggests that the BSMPs can be applied as actuators on the basis of their shape recovery and degradation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsang Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Seung-Kyun Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Ghobadi E, Shutov A, Steeb H. Parameter Identification and Validation of Shape-Memory Polymers within the Framework of Finite Strain Viscoelasticity. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:2049. [PMID: 33921751 PMCID: PMC8073646 DOI: 10.3390/ma14082049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Shape-Memory Polymers (SMPs) can be stretched to large deformations and recover induced strains when exposed to an appropriate stimulus, such as heat. This emerging class of functional polymers has attracted much interest and found applications in medicine and engineering. Nevertheless, prior to any application, their physical and mechanical properties must be thoroughly studied and understood in order to make predictions or to design structures thereof. In this contribution, the viscoelastic behavior of a polyether-based polyurethane (Estane) and its rate- and temperature-dependent behavior have been studied experimentally and by the mean of simulations. The model-inherent material parameters are identified with the assumption of the thermo-rheological complexity. Here, the numerical results of uni-axial stress relaxations were compared with the associated experiments in conjucation with the Levenberg-Marquard optimization method to determine the parameters of the Prony equation. The ability of the model to simulate the thermo-mechanical properties of Estane was evaluated by data-rich experimental observations on tension and torsion in various temperature ranges. Heterogeneous tests are included into the experimental program to cover a broader spectrum of loading scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Ghobadi
- Institute of Applied Mechanics (CE), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 7, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Alexey Shutov
- Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Lavrentyeva 15, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Holger Steeb
- Institute of Applied Mechanics (CE), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 7, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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42
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Chen Y, Idrees KB, Son FA, Wang X, Chen Z, Xia Q, Li Z, Zhang X, Farha OK. Tuning the Structural Flexibility for Multi-Responsive Gas Sorption in Isonicotinate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:16820-16827. [PMID: 33797883 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of high interest as smart programmable materials for gas sorption due to their unique structural changes triggered by external stimuli. Owing to this property, which leads to opportunities such as maximizing deliverable gas capacity, flexible MOFs sometimes offer more advantages in sorption applications compared to their more rigid counterparts. Herein, we elucidate the effect of transition metal identity of a series of isonicotinate-based flexible MOFs, M(4-PyC)2 [M═Mg, Mn, and Cu; 4-PyC = 4-pyridine carboxylic acid] on the structural dynamic response to different gases (C2H4, C2H6, Xe, Kr, and SO2). Isotherms at different temperatures show that C2H4, C2H6, and Xe can form sufficiently strong interactions with both Mg(4-PyC)2 and Mn(4-PyC)2 frameworks resulting in gate-opening behavior due to the rotation of the linker's pyridine ring, while Kr cannot induce this phenomenon for the two MOFs under the measured conditions. In contrast, the gate-opening behavior occurs for Cu(4-PyC)2 solely in the presence of C2H4, and no other measured gas, due to the open metal sites of Cu centers. In comparison, SO2, a strong polar molecule, triggers the gate-opening effect in all three MOFs. Interestingly, a shape memory effect is observed for Cu(4-PyC)2 during the second SO2 sorption cycle. When comparing the different gate-opening pressures of each gas, we observed that the structural flexibility of the three frameworks is highly sensitive to the chemical hardness of the Lewis acidic metal ions (Mg2+ > Mn2+ > Cu2+). As a result, the gate opening behavior is observed at lower pressures for the MOFs containing weaker M-N bonds (harder metal ions), with the exception of Cu(4-PyC)2 toward C2H4. These observations reveal that different transition metals can be used to finely control the structural flexibility of the frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | - Qibin Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Yang W, Liu Y, Wei J, Li X, Li N, Liu J. An Intelligent Fire-Protection Coating Based on Ammonium Polyphosphate/Epoxy Composites and Laser-Induced Graphene. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060984. [PMID: 33806971 PMCID: PMC8004711 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fire-protection coatings with a self-monitoring ability play a critical role in safety and security. An intelligent fire-protection coating can protect humans from personal and property damage. In this work, we report the fabrication of a low-cost and facile intelligent fire coating based on a composite of ammonium polyphosphate and epoxy (APP/EP). The composite was processed using laser scribing, which led to a laser-induced graphene (LIG) layer on the APP/EP surface via a photothermal effect. The C–O, C=O, P–O, and N−C bonds in the flame-retardant APP/EP composite were broken during the laser scribing, while the remaining carbon atoms recombined to generate the graphene layer. A proof-of-concept was achieved by demonstrating the use of LIG in supercapacitors, as a temperature sensor, and as a hazard detection device based on the shape memory effect of the APP/EP composite. The intelligent flame protection coating had a high flame retardancy, which increased the time to ignition (TTI) from 21 s to 57 s, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value increased to 37%. The total amount of heat and smoke released during combustion was effectively suppressed by ≈ 71.1% and ≈ 74.1%, respectively. The maximum mass-specific supercapacitance could reach 245.6 F·g−1. The additional LIG layer enables applications of the device as a LIG-APP/EP temperature sensor and allows for monitoring of the deformation according to its shape memory effect. The direct laser scribing of graphene from APP/EP in an air atmosphere provides a convenient and practical approach for the fabrication of flame-retardant electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiping Liu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-1078-8891
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Salah T, Ziout A. Optimization of Actuation Load and Shape Recovery Speed of Polyester-Based/Fe 3O 4 Composite Foams. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14051264. [PMID: 33799981 PMCID: PMC7962100 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this research, polyester-based polymers/Fe3O4 nanocomposite foams were prepared in order to study their performance; namely shape recovery speed and actuation load. A foamed structure was obtained through a solid-state foaming process, which was studied and optimized in previous research. The optimum foaming parameters were applied in an attempt to achieve the highest foaming ratio possible. A Taguchi Map was then designed to determine the number of experiments to be conducted. The experimental results showed that the maximum actuation load obtained was 3.35 N, while optimal (fastest) recovery speed was 6.36 mm/min. Furthermore, temperature had no impact on the actuation load as long as a temperature above the Tg was applied. Moreover, the addition of nanoparticles reduced shape recovery speed due to discontinuity within the polymer matrix.
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Chaudhari R, Vora JJ, Patel V, de Lacalle LNL, Parikh DM. Effect of WEDM Process Parameters on Surface Morphology of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13214943. [PMID: 33153190 PMCID: PMC7663334 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nickel–titanium shape memory alloys (SMAs) have started becoming popular owing to their unique ability to memorize or regain their original shape from the plastically deformed condition by means of heating or magnetic or mechanical loading. Nickel–titanium alloys, commonly known as nitinol, have been widely used in actuators, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices, and many other applications, including in the biomedical, aerospace, and automotive fields. However, nitinol is a difficult-to-cut material because of its versatile specific properties such as the shape memory effect, superelasticity, high specific strength, high wear and corrosion resistance, and severe strain hardening. There are several challenges faced when machining nitinol SMA with conventional machining techniques. Noncontact operation of the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process between the tool (wire) and workpiece significantly eliminates the problems of conventional machining processes. The WEDM process consists of multiple input parameters that should be controlled to obtain great surface quality. In this study, the effect of WEDM process parameters on the surface morphology of nitinol SMA was studied using 3D surface analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. 3D surface analysis results indicated a higher value of surface roughness (SR) on the top of the work surface and a lower SR on the bottom portion of the work surface. The surface morphology of the machined sample obtained at optimized parameters showed a reduction in microcracks, micropores, and globules in comparison with the machined surface obtained at a high discharge energy level. EDX analysis indicated a machined surface free of molybdenum (tool electrode).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Chaudhari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382007, India; (R.C.); (J.J.V.); (D.M.P.)
| | - Jay J. Vora
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382007, India; (R.C.); (J.J.V.); (D.M.P.)
| | - Vivek Patel
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi 710072, China;
- Department of Engineering Science, Division of Welding Technology, University West, 46186 Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - L. N. López de Lacalle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros Alameda de Urquijo s/n., 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - D. M. Parikh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar 382007, India; (R.C.); (J.J.V.); (D.M.P.)
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Wang TX, Chang LL, Geng YH, Shen X. Thermo-Responsive Shape Memory Effect and Conversion of Porous Structure in a Polyvinyl Chloride Foam. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2025. [PMID: 32899892 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a thermo-responsive shape memory effect in a polyvinyl chloride thermoset foam is characterized. Excellent shape recovery performance is observed in foam samples programmed both at room temperature and above their transition temperature. The conversion of porous structures in the foam from closed-cell to open-cell after a shape memory effect cycle is revealed via a series of specially designed oil-dripping experiments and optical images of the micro pores. Programming the strain higher than 20% results in an apparent increase in open-cell level, whereas programming temperatures have almost no influence.
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Kim KM, Kim HY, Miyazaki S. Effect of Zr Content on Phase Stability, Deformation Behavior, and Young's Modulus in Ti-Nb-Zr Alloys. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13020476. [PMID: 31963854 PMCID: PMC7014103 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ti alloys have attracted continuing research attention as promising biomaterials due to their superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. Metastable β-type Ti alloys also provide several unique properties such as low Young’s modulus, shape memory effect, and superelasticity. Such unique properties are predominantly attributed to the phase stability and reversible martensitic transformation. In this study, the effects of the Nb and Zr contents on phase constitution, transformation temperature, deformation behavior, and Young’s modulus were investigated. Ti–Nb and Ti–Nb–Zr alloys over a wide composition range, i.e., Ti–(18–40)Nb, Ti–(15–40)Nb–4Zr, Ti–(16–40)Nb–8Zr, Ti–(15–40)Nb–12Zr, Ti–(12–17)Nb–18Zr, were fabricated and their properties were characterized. The phase boundary between the β phase and the α′′ martensite phase was clarified. The lower limit content of Nb to suppress the martensitic transformation and to obtain a single β phase at room temperature decreased with increasing Zr content. The Ti–25Nb, Ti–22Nb–4Zr, Ti–19Nb–8Zr, Ti–17Nb–12Zr and Ti–14Nb–18Zr alloys exhibit the lowest Young’s modulus among Ti–Nb–Zr alloys with Zr content of 0, 4, 8, 12, and 18 at.%, respectively. Particularly, the Ti–14Nb–18Zr alloy exhibits a very low Young’s modulus less than 40 GPa. Correlation among alloy composition, phase stability, and Young’s modulus was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Min Kim
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Shuichi Miyazaki
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0821, Japan
- Center of Advanced Innovation Technologies-VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (H.Y.K.); (S.M.)
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Liang R, Yu H, Wang L, Lin L, Wang N, Naveed KUR. Highly Tough Hydrogels with the Body Temperature-Responsive Shape Memory Effect. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:43563-43572. [PMID: 31656069 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory hydrogels (SMHs), a promising class of smart materials for biomedical applications, have attracted increasing research attention owing to their tissue-like water-rich network structure. However, preparing SMHs with high mechanical strength and body temperature-responsiveness has proven to be an extreme challenge. This study presents a facile and scalable methodology to prepare highly tough hydrogels with a body temperature-responsive shape memory effect based on synergetic hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. 2-Phenoxyethyl acrylate (PEA) and acrylamide were chosen as the hydrophobic monomer and the hydrophilic hydrogen bonding monomer, respectively. The prepared hydrogels exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 5.1 ± 0.16 MPa with satisfactory stretchability, and the mechanical strength showed a strong dependence on temperature. Besides, the hydrogel with 60 mol % PEA shows an excellent body temperature-responsive shape memory behavior with almost 100% shape fixity and shape recovery. Furthermore, we applied the hydrogels as a shape memory embolization plug for simulating vascular occlusion, and the embolism performance was preliminarily explored in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer and Polymerization Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer and Polymerization Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer and Polymerization Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Colour Science , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds LS2 9JT , West Yorkshire , U.K
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer and Polymerization Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Kaleem-Ur-Rahman Naveed
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer and Polymerization Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , China
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Pushin V, Kuranova N, Marchenkova E, Pushin A. Design and Development of Ti-Ni, Ni-Mn-Ga and Cu-Al-Ni-based Alloys with High and Low Temperature Shape Memory Effects. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12162616. [PMID: 31426375 PMCID: PMC6720360 DOI: 10.3390/ma12162616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, multicomponent alloys with shape memory effects (SMEs), based on the ordered intermetallic compounds B2–TiNi, L21–Ni2MnGa, B2– and D03–Cu–Me (Me = Al, Ni, Zn), which represent a special important class of intelligent materials, have been of great interest. However, only a small number of known alloys with SMEs were found to have thermoelastic martensitic transformations (TMTs) at high temperatures. It is also found that most of the materials with TMTs and related SMEs do not have the necessary ductility and this is currently one of the main restrictions of their wide practical application. The aim of the present work is to design and develop multicomponent alloys with TMTs together with ways to improve their strength and ductile properties, using doping and advanced methods of thermal and thermomechanical treatments. The structure, phase composition, and TMTs were investigated by transmission- and scanning electron microscopy, as well as by neutron-, electron- and X-ray diffraction. Temperature measurements of the electrical resistance, magnetic susceptibility, as well as tests of the tensile mechanical properties and special characteristics of SMEs were also used. Temperature–concentration dependences for TMTs in the binary and ternary alloys of a number of quasi-binary systems were determined and discussed. It is shown that the ductility and strength of alloys required for the realization of SMEs can be achieved through optimal alloying, which excludes decomposition in the temperature range of SMEs’ usage, as well as via various treatments that ensure the formation of their fine- (FG) and ultra-fine-grained (UFG) structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Pushin
- Laboratory of Non-ferrous Alloys, M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia.
- Laboratory of structural and functional steels and alloys, Institute of new materials and technologies, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Nataliya Kuranova
- Laboratory of Non-ferrous Alloys, M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia
- Laboratory of structural and functional steels and alloys, Institute of new materials and technologies, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Elena Marchenkova
- Laboratory of Non-ferrous Alloys, M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia
| | - Artemy Pushin
- Laboratory of Non-ferrous Alloys, M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia
- Laboratory of structural and functional steels and alloys, Institute of new materials and technologies, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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Lan Z, Chen X, Zhang X, Zhu C, Yu Y, Wei J. Transparent, High Glass-Transition Temperature, Shape Memory Hybrid Polyimides Based on Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1058. [PMID: 31216710 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically transparent polyimides with excellent thermal stability and shape memory effect have potential applications in optoelectronic devices and aerospace industries. A series of optically transparent shape memory polyimide hybrid films are synthesized from 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and 2,2′-bis-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (TFMB) with various polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) contents and then subjected to thermal imidization. The hybrid films show good optical transparency (>80% at 400 nm and >95% at 500 nm) with cutoff wavelengths ranging from 318 to 336 nm. Following the incorporation of the inorganic POSS structure, the hybrid films exhibit excellent thermal stability with glass transition temperature (Tg) ranging from 351 to 372 °C. The hybrid films possess the highest Tg compared with the previously-reported shape memory polymers. These findings show that POSS is successfully utilized to develop transparent polyimides with excellent thermal stability and shape memory effect.
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