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Winter SM, Dittrich K, Dörr P, Overfeld J, Moebus I, Murray E, Karaboycheva G, Zimmermann C, Knop A, Voelkle M, Entringer S, Buss C, Haynes JD, Binder EB, Heim C. Immediate impact of child maltreatment on mental, developmental, and physical health trajectories. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:1027-1045. [PMID: 35266137 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The immediate impact of child maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories over time is unknown. Longitudinal studies starting in the direct aftermath of exposure with repeated follow-up are needed. METHOD We assessed health and developmental outcomes in 6-month intervals over 2 years in 173 children, aged 3-5 years at study entry, including 86 children with exposure to emotional and physical abuse or neglect within 6 months and 87 nonmaltreated children. Assessments included clinician-administered, self- and parent-report measures of psychiatric and behavioral symptoms, development, and physical health. Linear mixed models and latent growth curve analyses were used to contrast trajectories between groups and to investigate the impact of maltreatment features on trajectories. RESULTS Maltreated children exhibited greater numbers of psychiatric diagnoses (b = 1.998, p < .001), externalizing (b = 13.29, p < .001) and internalizing (b = 11.70, p < .001) symptoms, impairments in cognitive (b = -11.586, p < .001), verbal (b = -10.687, p < .001), and motor development (b = -7.904, p = .006), and greater numbers of medical symptoms (b = 1.021, p < .001) compared to nonmaltreated children across all time-points. Lifetime maltreatment severity and/or age at earliest maltreatment exposure predicted adverse outcomes over time. CONCLUSION The profound, immediate, and stable impact of maltreatment on health and developmental trajectories supports a biological embedding model and provides foundation to scrutinize the precise underlying mechanisms. Such knowledge will enable the development of early risk markers and mechanism-driven interventions that mitigate adverse trajectories in maltreated children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle M Winter
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Dittrich
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peggy Dörr
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Overfeld
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Imke Moebus
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Murray
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gergana Karaboycheva
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany.,Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Zimmermann
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Knop
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Voelkle
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Buss
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - John-Dylan Haynes
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Heim
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Gini G, Holt M, Pozzoli T, Marino C. Victimization and Somatic Problems: The Role of Class Victimization Levels. J Sch Health 2020; 90:39-46. [PMID: 31707741 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between peer victimization and somatic problems is well-established. What is currently understudied is under what contextual conditions victims' health might be most likely to be compromised. Studies demonstrate that victims suffer from poorer adjustment when they belong to a group in which victimization is less normative (social misfit hypothesis). We examined whether the association between individual victimization and somatic problems was stronger in classrooms with lower class victimization. METHODS A sample of 1906 adolescents (65% girls; Mage = 14.4, SD = 1.2) completed a survey about school life quality, peer victimization, and health problems. RESULTS Multilevel modeling with Bayes estimator indicated modest variation in somatic problems between classrooms. At the individual level, peer victimization was associated with higher reports of somatic problems. This association varied across classroom as a function of class victimization level. Simple slope computation confirmed that the association between peer victimization and somatic complaints became stronger as class victimization levels decreased. CONCLUSIONS Victims in classrooms with lower levels of victimization are more likely to report somatic problems. Anti-bullying programs should consider the effects of class norms on victims' adjustment and address the possible risks for those who continue to be victimized.
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Abstract
Psychological mechanisms that may explain the link between peer victimization and its adverse outcomes are still understudied. The current study aimed to apply the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model of psychopathology (Wells & Matthews, 1994, 1996) to help explain this link in a sample of adolescents. A total of 1,169 Italian adolescents (47.7% females; Mage = 15.79, SD = 1.07) completed self-report measures of peer victimization, metacognitions, thinking styles (worry and rumination), and adjustment indices (somatic symptoms, anxiety, depression). The hypothesized model based on the S-REF model was tested through path analysis. Results confirmed that peer victimization was positively associated with both positive and negative metacognitions that, in turn, were linked to worry and rumination, which were associated with higher psychological and somatic problems. The strongest indirect links were found between peer victimization and anxiety via negative metacognitions and worry, and between victimization and depression via negative metacognitions and rumination. Overall, the results support to the application of the S-REF model to peer victimization experiences during adolescence. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Gini
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Marino
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Marcantonio M Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
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Bachem R, Baumann J, Köllner V. ICD-11 Adjustment Disorder among Organ Transplant Patients and Their Relatives. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16173030. [PMID: 31438589 PMCID: PMC6747135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Adjustment disorder (AD) is one of the most frequent mental health conditions after stressful life experiences in the medical setting. The diagnosis has been conceptually redefined in International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and now includes specific symptoms of preoccupations and failure to adapt. The current study assesses the prevalence of self-reported ICD-11 AD among organ transplantation patients and their relatives, explores the association of patients’ demographic-, transplant-, and health-related characteristics and ICD-11 AD symptoms, and evaluates the role of social support in the post- transplant context. A total of N = 140 patient-relative dyads were examined cross-sectionally. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to explore potential predictive factors of AD. The results revealed an AD prevalence of 10.7% among patients and 16.4% among relatives at an average of 13.5 years after the transplantation. The time that had passed since the transplantation was unrelated to AD symptom severity. Women tended to be at a higher risk in both groups. Somatic issues were predictive for AD only among patients and social support was predictive mainly among relatives. The results suggest that ICD-11 AD is a relevant diagnosis after organ transplantations for patients and relatives and its specific symptom clusters may provide important information for developing intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Bachem
- I-Core Research Center for Mass Trauma, Tel Aviv University, Chaim Levanon 30, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel-Aviv University, Chaim Levanon 30, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
| | - Jan Baumann
- Saarland University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Volker Köllner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rehabilitation Center Seehof, Federal German Pension Agency, 14513 Teltow, Germany
- Psychosomatic Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10098 Berlin, Germany
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Crochiere RJ, Lansing AH, Carracher A, Stanger C. Executive function and somatic problems in adolescents with above target glycemic control. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:119-126. [PMID: 30345593 PMCID: PMC6331243 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes may be at elevated risk for somatic problems. This study used cross-sectional, baseline data from an intervention to examine if problems with executive function (EF) were associated with greater somatic problems independent of poor adherence and disease severity in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and above target glycemic control. In addition, it examined whether certain types of EF skills, that is, metacognitive and behavior regulation, accounted for variance in somatic problems. Ninety-three adolescents completed a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) blood test and parents completed adherence, somatic problems, and EF questionnaires, which measured metacognitive, behavior regulation, and global EF. Greater somatic problems had significant bivariate associations with greater global (r = 0.42, P < 0.01), metacognitive (r = 0.43, P < 0.01), and behavior regulation EF problems (r = 0.31, P < 0.01), worse adherence (r = -0.39, P < 0.01), and poorer metabolic control (r = 0.26, P < 0.05). However, when adherence, metabolic control, and EF subscales were examined together in the same model, only greater global EF problems (b = 0.15, P < 0.01) and metacognitive EF problems (b = 0.16, P < 0.01) were independently associated with greater somatic problems; behavior regulation EF problems were not independently associated with greater somatic problems when controlling for adherence. Metacognitive EF problems may predict somatic problems in adolescents with above target glycemic control above and beyond physical symptoms related to disease management, underscoring the importance of proper assessment and treatment of these distinct somatic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Crochiere
- Drexel University, Department of Psychology,3201 Chestnut Street, Stratton Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Amy Hughes Lansing
- University of Nevada, Department of Psychology,1664 N Virginia Street/MS 298, Reno, NV, 89557
| | - Ann Carracher
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA, 03766
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Kirchner T, Magallón-Neri E, Ortiz MS, Planellas I, Forns M, Calderón C. Adolescents' Daily Perception of Internalizing Emotional States by Means of Smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment. Span J Psychol 2017; 20:E71. [PMID: 29198232 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2017.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study uses ecological momentary assessment (EMA) with smartphone devices to examine community adolescents' perceptions regarding both the intensity of and variability in their daily sadness/depression, anxiety, and somatic problems over the period of one week. Participants were 90 high-school students (M age = 14.61, SD = 1.64; range 12-18). The sample was divided according to gender (61.1% girls), migratory status (68.5% Spanish nationals and 31.5% Latin American immigrants), and level of psychological symptoms (17% risk group). Sadness/depression, anxiety, and somatic problems were examined using a smartphone app, five times per day, semi-randomly, for seven days (35 possible moments). A high proportion of adolescents did not report feelings of sadness (80.0%) or worry (79.3%) or physical symptoms on a daily basis (84.9%). Girls and the risk group reported greater intensity levels for the three analyzed problems than did boys and the normal group, respectively (p .05 in all cases). Day-to-day fluctuations in mood during the week were statistically significant but not meaningful (b = 0.0004, 95% CI [0.0001, 0.0008], p = .001).
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Internet-supported and therapist-guided cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is effective for a range of problems in the short run, but less is known about the long-term effects with follow-ups of two years or longer. Areas covered: This paper reviews studies in which the long-term effects of guided ICBT were investigated. Following literature searches in PubMed and other sources meta-analytic statistics were calculated for 14 studies involving a total of 902 participants, and an average follow-up period of three years. Studies were from Sweden (n = 11) or the Netherlands (n = 3). Long-term outcome studies were found for panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, mixed anxiety and depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, pathological gambling, stress and chronic fatigue. The duration of the treatments was usually short (8-15 weeks). The pre-to follow-up effect size was Hedge's g = 1.52, but with a significant heterogeneity. The average symptom improvement across studies was 50%. Treatment seeking in the follow-up period was not documented and few studies mentioned negative effects. Expert commentary: While effects may be overestimated, it is likely that therapist-supported ICBT can have enduring effects. Long-term follow-up data should be collected for more conditions and new technologies like smartphone-delivered treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Andersson
- a Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden.,b Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Alexander Rozental
- c Department of Clinical Psychology , Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden.,d UCL Institute of Child Health , University College London , London , England
| | - Roz Shafran
- d UCL Institute of Child Health , University College London , London , England
| | - Per Carlbring
- c Department of Clinical Psychology , Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden.,d UCL Institute of Child Health , University College London , London , England
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Hamdan-Mansour AM, Abdel Razeq NM, AbdulHaq B, Arabiat D, Khalil AA. Displaced Syrian children's reported physical and mental wellbeing. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2017; 22:186-193. [PMID: 32680412 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surviving a warzone inflicts harmful consequences on the physical health and the psychosocial wellbeing of children. This study aimed at exploring the physical and psychosocial perceived state of health of displaced Syrian refugee children in Jordan. METHODS A cross-sectional explorative design was applied. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data through face-to-face interviews with 250 Syrian refugee children. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. RESULTS Children had fair levels of physical health; their health concerns were minor. Psychosocially, 25% (n = 63) suffered from loneliness and 24% (n = 59) reported feeling depressed. The majority of children (>60%) had low rates of somatic pain. Age had a negative correlation with hyperactivity (r = -.14, p = .034); gender differences were found in anger expression and anger trait (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The results in this study highlight a number of physical and psychosocial health concerns among refugee children. The health needs of displaced Syrian children need to be addressed using comprehensive assessment and care. Our findings documented the physical and psychosocial health needs of the displaced Syrian children in Jordan and addressed areas of focus to guide health promotion interventions and community health efforts for them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bayan AbdulHaq
- Refugee, Health, and Humanitarian Action Program, SIT Study Abroad, Amman, Jordan
| | - Diana Arabiat
- School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Amani A Khalil
- School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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