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Porter KM, Hoey L, Hughes CF, Ward M, Clements M, Strain J, Cunningham C, Casey MC, Tracey F, O'Kane M, Pentieva K, McAnena L, McCarroll K, Laird E, Molloy AM, McNulty H. Associations of atrophic gastritis and proton-pump inhibitor drug use with vitamin B-12 status, and the impact of fortified foods, in older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1286-1294. [PMID: 34134144 PMCID: PMC8488868 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrophic gastritis (AG) and use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) result in gastric acid suppression that can impair the absorption of vitamin B-12 from foods. The crystalline vitamin B-12 form, found in fortified foods, does not require gastric acid for its absorption and could thus be beneficial for older adults with hypochlorhydria, but evidence is lacking. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations of AG and PPI use with vitamin B-12 status, and the potential protective role of fortified foods, in older adults. METHODS Eligible participants (n = 3299) not using vitamin B-12 supplements were drawn from the Trinity-Ulster and Department of Agriculture cohort, a study of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥60 y and recruited in 2008-2012. Vitamin B-12 status was measured using 4 biomarkers, and vitamin B-12 deficiency was defined as a combined indicator value < -0.5. A pepsinogen I:II ratio <3 was considered indicative of AG. RESULTS AG was identified in 15% of participants and associated with significantly lower serum total vitamin B-12 (P < 0.001) and plasma holotranscobalamin (holoTC; P < 0.001), and higher prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency (38%), compared with PPI users (21%) and controls (without AG and nonusers of PPIs; 15%; P < 0.001). PPI drugs were used (≥6 mo) by 37% of participants and were associated with lower holoTC concentrations, but only in participants taking higher doses (≥30 mg/d). Regular, compared with nonregular, consumption of fortified foods (i.e., ≥5 and 0-4 portions/wk, respectively) was associated with higher vitamin B-12 biomarkers in all participants, but inadequate to restore normal vitamin B-12 status in those with AG. CONCLUSIONS Older adults who have AG and/or use higher doses of PPIs are more likely to have indicators of vitamin B-12 deficiency. Fortified foods, if consumed regularly, were associated with enhanced vitamin B-12 status, but higher levels of added vitamin B-12 than currently provided could be warranted to optimize status in people with AG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty M Porter
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Leane Hoey
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Clements
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Jj Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Conal Cunningham
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Miriam C Casey
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal Tracey
- Causeway Hospital, Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Maurice O'Kane
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Liadhan McAnena
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin McCarroll
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon Laird
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The relationship between the serum pepsinogen (sPG) level and changes in gastric mucosa has been well studied. Here, we evaluated the usefulness of sPG (I, II, I/II ratio) and intragastric pH as a biomarker of severe gastric atrophy in gastric neoplastic lesions. METHODS A total of 186 consecutive Korean patients with gastric neoplastic lesions underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in this study. The serologic atrophy group had sPG I level ≤ 70 ng/mL and an sPG I/II ratio ≤ 3.0. Before ESD, overnight fasting venous blood and gastric juice samples were collected to measure the sPG level and intragastric pH. The degree of gastric atrophy was estimated by endoscopy, and the rapid urease test was performed to investigate Helicobacter pylori infection. RESULTS Patients who met the criteria of serologic atrophy showed more severe endoscopic atrophic changes (61% vs. 18%, p = 0.000). Older patients and those with more atrophic changes at the gastric upper body demonstrated both a lower sPG I level and a lower PG I/II ratio and more severe endoscopic atrophy. The sPG I/II ratio was the lowest in low grade dysplasia than in high grade dysplasia and early gastric cancer (EGC) (p = 0.015). In addition, patients who tested negative for serologic atrophy and H. pylori showed the lowest intragastric pH (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION A low sPG I level and a low I/II ratio were correlated with the severity of gastric atrophy in gastric neoplastic lesions, thus indicating it to be a sensitive biomarker of gastric precancerous lesions or EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hwang Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Correspondence to Jin Seok Jang, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Korea Tel: +82-51-240-2609 Fax: +82-51-253-2087 E-mail:
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Huang YK, Yu JC, Kang WM, Ma ZQ, Ye X, Tian SB, Yan C. Significance of Serum Pepsinogens as a Biomarker for Gastric Cancer and Atrophic Gastritis Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142080. [PMID: 26556485 PMCID: PMC4640555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pepsinogens are considered promising serological biomarkers for the screening of atrophic gastritis (AG) and gastric cancer (GC). However, there has been controversy in the literature with respect to the validity of serum pepsinogen (SPG) for the detection of GC and AG. Consequently, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of SPG in GC and AG detection. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for correlative original studies published up to September 30, 2014. The summary sensitivity, specificity, positive diagnostic likelihood ratio (DLR+), negative diagnostic likelihood ratio (DLR-), area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were used to evaluate SPG in GC and AG screening based on bivariate random effects models. The inter-study heterogeneity was evaluated by the I2 statistics and publication bias was assessed using Begg and Mazumdar's test. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to explore study heterogeneity. RESULTS In total, 31 studies involving 1,520 GC patients and 2,265 AG patients were included in the meta-analysis. The summary sensitivity, specificity, DLR+, DLR-, AUC and DOR for GC screening using SPG were 0.69 (95% CI: 0.60-0.76), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.62-0.82), 2.57 (95% CI: 1.82-3.62), and 0.43 (95% CI: 0.34-0.54), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72-0.80) and 6.01 (95% CI: 3.69-9.79), respectively. For AG screening, the summary sensitivity, specificity, DLR+, DLR-, AUC and DOR were 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.80), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.94), 5.80 (95% CI: 3.06-10.99), and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.24-0.51), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82-0.88) and 16.50 (95% CI: 8.18-33.28), respectively. In subgroup analysis, the use of combination of concentration of PGI and the ratio of PGI:PGII as measurement of SPG for GC screening yielded sensitivity of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.66-0.75), specificity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.79-0.80), DOR of 6.92 (95% CI: 4.36-11.00), and AUC of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.72-0.81), while the use of concentration of PGI yielded sensitivity of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.51-0.60), specificity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76-0.82), DOR of 6.88 (95% CI: 2.30-20.60), and AUC of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73-0.92). For AG screening, the use of ratio of PGI:PGII as measurement of SPG yielded sensitivity of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52-0.83), specificity of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68-0.93), DOR of 11.51 (95% CI: 6.14-21.56), and AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.80-0.86), the use of combination of concentration of PGI and the ratio of PGI:PGII yield sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.85), specificity of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.93), DOR of 24.64 (95% CI: 6.95-87.37), and AUC of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81-0.92), concurrently, the use of concentration of PGI yield sensitivity of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.38-0.54), specificity of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91-0.95), DOR of 19.86 (95% CI: 0.86-456.91), and AUC of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.52-1.00). CONCLUSION SPG has great potential as a noninvasive, population-based screening tool in GC and AG screening. In addition, given the potential publication bias and high heterogeneity of the included studies, further high quality studies are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-kai Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-chun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Wei-ming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-qiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-bo Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Blashentseva SA, Tiumikov DK, Savchenkov NN. [Defining groups of patients with atrophic gastritis for endoscopic mucosal resection using mathematical modeling]. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol 2014:42-48. [PMID: 26058111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of diagnostics of atrophic gastritis. The main principles of morphological diagnostics are presented. The endoscopic findings are discussed. The authors had used the mathematical regression model to reveal groups of patients with some specific signs of atrophic gastritis, such as endoscopic sings, morphological and clinical signs. This model can be used to put a diagnosis and to look after the patients with metaplasia, dysplasia and early cancer.
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Nakajima S. [Roles of pepsinogen test, ABC method and barium X-ray examination on gastric cancer screening]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2013; 110:225-233. [PMID: 23381210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigemi Nakajima
- Department of General Medicine/Gastroenterology, Social Insurance Shiga Hospital, Japan.
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Shimoyama T, Aoki M, Sasaki Y, Matsuzaka M, Nakaji S, Fukuda S. ABC screening for gastric cancer is not applicable in a Japanese population with high prevalence of atrophic gastritis. Gastric Cancer 2012; 15:331-4. [PMID: 22282137 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-012-0141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A combination of the detection of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody and measurement of the level of serum pepsinogens (PG)s, known as the ABC method, has been used in screening for gastric cancer. The ABC method has been shown to be useful in urban and/or younger populations. The aim of this study was to assess whether this method is applicable for an agricultural population with a high incidence of gastric cancer. In all, 1048 healthy adults (401 men and 647 women) who participated in a mass survey in April 2005 were examined. Their serum samples were tested to determine the prevalence of anti-H. pylori antibody, and the levels of PG I and PG II were also measured to assess the presence of atrophic gastritis. Of the elderly subjects born before 1940, 59.4% were classified into groups C and D, with a high risk for gastric cancer, and only 22.7% were classified into group A, with the lowest risk. Of the middle-aged subjects born in the 1940s and the 1950s, 66.5% were classified into groups B-D. If the ABC method is performed in the mass screening for gastric cancer in this population, a large number of subjects will be identified for further examinations. The applicability of the ABC method should be evaluated before use in the screening for gastric cancer, particularly in an aging population with a high prevalence of H. pylori infection and atrophic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Shimoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan.
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Griaznykh AV. [Postprandial dynamics of the content of hydrolytic enzymes of blood in men with different levels and specificity of daily muscle loading]. Vopr Pitan 2012; 81:30-32. [PMID: 22642162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In a cohort of healthy young men with different levels of physical activity the content of hydrolytic enzymes (ELISA) in serum was studied. In the conditions of relative physiological rest in sportsmen (fighters and skiers) were defined differently directed changes of the level of hydrolytic enzymes during the various periods after a breakfast. Changes associated with a sports orientation and level of daily physical activity were revealed.
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Reshetnikov OV, Openko TG, Simonova GI, Kurilovich SA, Maliushina SK, Ragino II, Voevoda MI. [Risk of gastric cancer dependent on serological markers of atrophic gastritis: cohort study]. Vopr Onkol 2012; 58:644-648. [PMID: 23600281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In a prospective study the risk of subsequent gastric cancer (GC) was assessed in persons aged 45-69 over 5 years after the initial testing with a set of serological tests (pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, gastrin-17, antibodies to Helicobacter pylori). The presence of gastric atrophy markers was a significant predictor of GC in the forthcoming years. Non-invasive techniques may be used in the formation of high-risk groups, followed by GC active surveillance.
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Shiraki M, Yamazaki Y, Kuroda T, Tanaka S, Miyata K. Serum level of pepsinogen significantly associated with gastric distress induced by amino-bisphosphonates. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:1717-23. [PMID: 21069296 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To elucidate whether serum levels of pepsinogens are associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal adverse events induced by amino-bisphosphonates (amino-BP), the serum levels of pepsinogen were measured in amino-BP users. Our results indicate that measurement of pepsinogen I is useful in predicting gastric distress induced by amino-BP in osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION To elucidate whether serum levels of pepsinogens are associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal adverse events induced by amino-BP, the serum levels of pepsinogen I and II were measured in amino-BP users. METHODS When the patients complained of gastric distress symptoms during the first 6 months after amino-BP use resulting in discontinuation of the drug, endoscopical examinations were performed to assess whether gastric lesions were present. A total of 223 amino-BP users were enrolled in the study, of which 47 patients refused to take the drug due to gastric distress symptoms. The remaining 176 patients did not complain of any gastric distress. RESULTS Among 47 patients, eight patients showed obvious gastric lesions such as gastric or duodenal ulcers and acute gastric mucosal lesions in the endoscopical examination. The remaining 39 patients did not show any gastric lesions. The possible confounding factors, such as a Helicobactor pylori infection or concurrent use of ulcerogenic agents, did cause not affect gastric distress in amino-BP users. The serum pepsinogen I level was significantly associated with severity of the gastric lesion 46.8 ± 27.7, 60.8 ± 32.4, and 103.4 ± 49.2 ng/ml for patients without any gastric distress, with gastric distress accompanied no gastric lesions, and with gastric distress accompanied gastric lesions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS ROC analysis revealed that the cutoff value of pepsinogen I for expectation of gastric regions was 76.8 ng/ml. The results clearly indicate that measurement of pepsinogen I may be useful in predicting gastric distress induced by amino-BP in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shiraki
- Research Institute and Practice for Involutional Diseases, Nagano, Japan.
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Attumi TA, Graham DY. Follow-up testing after treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections: cautions, caveats, and recommendations. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 9:373-5. [PMID: 21195791 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Colacci E, Pasquali A, Severi C. Exocrine gastric secretion and gastritis: pathophysiological and clinical relationships. Clin Ter 2011; 162:e19-e25. [PMID: 21448537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gastric exocrine secretion, both acid and non-acid, is required for micronutrients absorption, such as iron, calcium and vitamin B12, drugs absorption, protein digestion. Clinical presentation of a gastric secretion impairment might be then characterized by the presence of both gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal specific symptoms (i.e. anemia) or to a non-response to therapies. The main factor that impairs gastric exocrine secretion homeostasis is mucosal chronic inflammation that principally occurs after colonization by Helicobacter pylori (Hp). The extent and distribution of gastritis ultimately determine the clinical outcome linked to differences in gastric acid secretion status, the involvement of gastric body leading to a decrease in gastric exocrine secretion with possible progression to mucosal atrophy towards cancer. A correct clinical strategy in the management of Hp infected patients should be then to early identify body involvement, a diagnosis generally missed in that body biopsies are not routinely performed. The use of gastric serological markers, gastrin and pepsinogens, are helpful in suspecting the presence of mucosal atrophy but their diagnostic accuracy for non-atrophic chronic gastritis topography is not adequate despite a good specificity due to the low sensitivity, of all the available biomarkers. Gastric serology associated to anemia/iron-deficiency screening might nevertheless been helpful in the framing of patients that undergo endoscopy in order to highlight the need of extensive mucosal biopsies sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Colacci
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical specialties, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelayo Correa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue 1030 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA
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Abstract
A male patient with multiple gastroduodenal ulcers and gastric hypersecretion due to hyperhistaminaemia associated with extreme basophilia occurring in chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is described. In addition, plasma histamine levels and serum pepsinogen I concentrations, reflecting gastric acid secretion, were studied in 18 CML patients. As compared to controls, plasma histamine levels were clearly increased in CML patients and correlated well with the basophil count. Serum pepsinogen I concentrations were normal in 14 out of 17 cases and did not correlate with plasma histamine levels. This absence of a direct relation between plasma histamine concentrations and serum pepsinogen I levels suggests that a high concentration of circulating histamine does not inevitably lead to increased gastric acid secretion. This offers one explanation of the fact that, in spite of the frequent occurrence of basophilia and hyperhistaminaemia in CML, ulcerogenic diathesis is quite rare in this disease and complicates only cases with extreme basophilia.
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Miyamoto M, Haruma K, Kuwabara M, Nagano M, Okamoto T, Tanaka M. High incidence of newly-developed gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Japanese community: a 6-year follow-up study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23:393-7. [PMID: 17608639 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM We conducted a community-based study to assess the incidence of newly-developed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We also analyzed the risk factors of GERD occurrence. METHODS A total of 322 patients without acid suppression therapy (135 men, mean age: 59.8 years), who lived in the Japanese community, took a QUEST questionnaire (a self-administered questionnaire for the screening of GERD) in 1998. Blood samples were taken for the measurement of an anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody and pepsinogen (PG) I/II to assess the grade of gastric atrophy. Of these patients, 289 scored less than six points and were diagnosed as non-GERD. Two-hundred-and-forty-one patients (95 men, mean age: 67.0 years) took the QUEST questionnaire again in 2004 (after 6 years). The incidence of newly-developed GERD was analyzed. These patients were categorized into three groups based on their initial PG I/II (group A: less than three, group B: three to six, and group C: more than six). The risk factors of GERD occurrence were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 241 non-GERD patients, 37 patients (15.4%) developed GERD after 6 years. The incidence of newly-developed GERD in group C was significantly higher than both groups A and B (group A: 3.8% [three of 79], group B: 11.8% (11/93), group C: 33.3% (26/69), P < 0.01, respectively). The prevalence of H. pylori negativity, constipation, and medication of Ca antagonists in newly-developed GERD were significantly higher than in those who did not develop GERD. [Correction added after online publication on 1 July 2007: the preceding sentence has replaced one that read 'The prevalence of H. pylori negativity, constipation, and medication of Ca antagonists in newly-developed GERD were significantly higher than in those who did develop GERD.'] CONCLUSION The incidence of newly-developed GERD in the Japanese community was 16.5% for 6 years. The incidence of newly-developed GERD patients who scored a PG I/II over six was significantly higher than those who scored lower. H. pylori negativity, constipation, and medication of Ca antagonists might be risk factors of GERD occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Miyamoto
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Prefectural Hiroshima Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Shirai N, Furuta T, Sugimoto M, Kanaoka S, Watanabe F, Takashima M, Yamada M, Futami H, Sato Y, Kubota H, Kodaira M, Kajimura M, Maekawa M, Hishida A. Serum pepsinogens as an early diagnostic marker of H. pylori eradication. Hepatogastroenterology 2008; 55:486-490. [PMID: 18613393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication increases the serum pepsinogen I/ pepsinogen II ratio and the percentage change in pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratios is a useful marker of H. pylori eradication. We studied whether the pepsinogen method could be an early diagnostic marker of H. pylori eradication even in patients persistently treated with a proton pump inhibitor. METHODOLOGY Sixty-two H. pylori-positive patients underwent H. pylori-eradication therapy, followed by treatment with a proton pump inhibitor to cure ulcers. Serum levels of pepsinogen I and pepsinogen II were measured before, at the end of, and at 4 weeks after the eradication therapy. The cut-off values of percentage changes in pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratios for the diagnosis of eradication of H. pylori were set in proportion to pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratios before eradication in accordance with a previous report. RESULTS Using the results of 13C-urea breath test as the standard, the sensitivity, specificity and validity of the pepsinogen method were 100.0%, 89.8% and 90.3%, respectively, at 4 weeks after eradication therapy. CONCLUSION The percentage change in serum pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratios is useful as an early diagnostic marker for judgment of H. pylori eradication irrespective of proton pump inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohito Shirai
- Department Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatus, Japan.
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Kwon JH, Chung IS, Son HS, Park JM, Cho YK, Lee IS, Kim SW, Choi MG. [The relationship of gastrin, pepsinogen, and Helicobacter pylori in erosive reflux esophagitis]. Korean J Gastroenterol 2008; 51:159-166. [PMID: 18451689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is known as a major cause of atrophic gastritis and is associated with serum gastrin, pepsinogen, and gastric acid secretion. There is still a controversial association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and H. pylori infection. This study was designed to investigate the relationship among serum gastrin, pepsinogen, and H. pylori infection in the erosive reflux esophagitis (ERD) patients. METHODS Patients who were diagnosed as ERD by one gastroenterologist at the Kangnam St. Mary's hospital were prospectively enrolled. The persons without ERD in the control group were matched for age and sex. We examined the gastrin, pepsinogen I (PG I), PG II, PG I/II ratio, and H. pylori infection. RESULTS Forty five patients were enrolled in ERD group and 66 persons in control group. The H. pylori infection rate in ERD group was lower than that in the control group (11.1% vs. 43.9%, p<0.001). PG I/II ratio in ERD group was higher than that in the control group (7.0+/-3.1 vs. 5.3+/-2.6, p=0.003). The PG II (p=0.016) and gastrin (p=0.029) in ERD group were lower than those in the control group. BMI in ERD group was higher than that in the control group (24.5 vs. 23.1 kg/m2, p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS The H. pylori infection rate in ERD group was lower and PG I/II ratio was higher than that in the control group. Reflux esophagitis is thought to be reversely associated with the atrophy of gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Fernández F JI, de Aretxabala U X, Santander D R, Sabah T S, Maira S J, Navarro R A, Planzer D M, Gómez L F, Etchart M, Gallegos I, Torrens X, Fasce P G, Reydet I. [Detection of gastric preneoplastic lesions with serum levels of pepsinogen in Chilean subjects]. Rev Med Chil 2007; 135:1519-1525. [PMID: 18357351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer has a direct relation with chronic atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM), considered as preneoplastic lesions. Determination of serum pepsinogen llevéis (PGI) and pepsinogen I / pepsinogen II ratio (PGI/PGII) can detect this conditions; achieving 70-90% of gastric cancer detection in early stages. AIM To determine the cut-off values for serum PGI and PGI/PGII in Chilean subjects, for the detection of gastric preneoplastic lesions, establishing their sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values. PATIENTS AND METHODS Prospective study of patients subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and determination of serum pepsinogen levels. The presence and severity of preneoplastic lesions were compared with serum levels of PGI and PGI/PGII. RESULTS A total of 56 men and 44 women were studied, with a mean age of 43 (14-77) years. There was a significant association (p <0.001) of PGI and PGI/PGII with AG and IM. We obtained a cut-off value of 2.3 for PGI/PGII (sensitivity =70%>, specificity =92%>, PPV =60%>, NPV =95%) and 36 ng/ml for PGI (sensitivity =62%o specificity =64%o, PPV =20%o, NPV =91%), for detection of moderate to severe AG. No patient with normal mucosa had a PGI <20 ng/ml. The combined criteria of PGI/II < or = 2.3 and/or PGI < or 20 ng/ml, obtained a sensitivity of 85%o, specificity of 92%>, PPV of 65%o, and NPV of 97%o. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed a strict relation ofPGIand PGI/PGIIwith the presence of preneoplastic gastric lesions in Chilean patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Fernández F
- Becado de Cirugía General, Universidad de Valparaíso-Campo Clínico Hospital Clínico de la Fuerza Aérea de Chile.
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18
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Dinis-Ribeiro M, da Costa-Pereira A, Lopes C, Moreira-Dias L. Feasibility and cost-effectiveness of using magnification chromoendoscopy and pepsinogen serum levels for the follow-up of patients with atrophic chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 22:1594-604. [PMID: 17845687 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.04863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The follow-up of patients with atrophic chronic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia may lead to early diagnosis of gastric cancer. However, to-date no cost-effective model has been proposed. Improved endoscopic examination using magnification chromoendoscopy together with non-invasive functional assessment with pepsinogen serum levels are accurate in the diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia (extension) and minute dysplastic lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of a follow-up model for patients with atrophic chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia based on gastric mucosal status using magnification chromoendoscopy and pepsinogen. METHODS A cohort of patients with lesions as severe as atrophic chronic gastritis were followed-up according to a standardized protocol using magnification chromoendoscopy with methylene blue and measurement of serum pepsinogen I and II levels. A single node decision tree and Markov chain modeling were used to define cost-effectiveness of this follow-up model versus its absence. Transition rates were considered time-independent and calculated using primary data following cohort data analysis. Costs, quality of life and survival were estimated based on published data and extensive sensitivity analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 100 patients were successfully followed-up over 3 years. Seven cases of dysplasia were diagnosed during follow-up, all among patients with incomplete intestinal metaplasia at baseline, six of whom had extensive (pepsinogen I to II ratio <3) incomplete intestinal metaplasia. For those individuals with atrophic chronic gastritis or complete intestinal metaplasia, a yearly measurement of pepsinogen levels or an endoscopic examination on a 3-yearly basis would cost 455 euros per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gain. Endoscopic examination and pepsinogen serum level measurement on a yearly basis would cost 1868 euros per QALY for patients with extensive intestinal metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS The follow-up of patients with atrophic chronic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia is both feasible and cost-effective if improved accurate endoscopic examination of gastric mucosa together with non-invasive assessment of gastric mucosal status are used to identify individuals at high-risk for development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Dinis-Ribeiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal.
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19
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van Oijen MGH, Sipponen P, Laheij RJF, Verheugt FWA, Jansen JBMJ. Gastric status and vitamin B12 levels in cardiovascular patients. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:2186-9. [PMID: 17429727 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Proper absorption of vitamin B12 requires gastric corpus mucosa that functions appropriately and secretes intrinsic factor needed as an essential cofactor for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12 in the small bowel. Here we describe the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and atrophic corpus gastritis (ACG) in patients with coronary heart disease. Fasting serum was obtained from patients who were admitted for cardiovascular diseases at the Coronary Care Unit in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. The status of gastric mucosa was assessed by using the serum levels of pepsinogens I and II, gastrin-17, and Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies and analyzed over vitamin B12 level subgroups. The study population consisted of 376 patients (mean age, 65 years [SD, 13 years], 227 [60%] males). Low vitamin B12 levels (<150 pM) were detected in 28 patients (7%). Of these 28 patients, 5 (18%) had ACG according to the biomarker assays. Altogether, another 140 patients (37%) had vitamin B12 levels between 150 and 250 pM, of whom 10 (7%) had ACG. Of the remaining patients, five (2%) had ACG. Deficiency of vitamin B12 is common among subjects with coronary heart disease. Up to 20% of these deficiencies are related to ACG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn G H van Oijen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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20
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Myllyluoma E, Kajander K, Mikkola H, Kyrönpalo S, Rasmussen M, Kankuri E, Sipponen P, Vapaatalo H, Korpela R. Probiotic intervention decreases serum gastrin-17 in Helicobacter pylori infection. Dig Liver Dis 2007; 39:516-23. [PMID: 17433799 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2007.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Revised: 02/07/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously we showed that a probiotic combination with L. rhamnosus GG was beneficial as an adjuvant therapy during H. pylori eradication. AIM To evaluate whether probiotic combination with LGG adheres to the upper gastrointestinal mucosa and modifies H. pylori colonisation and H. pylori induced inflammation. METHODS Thirteen patients referred for gastroduodenoscopy received a drink consisting of equal doses (2.5x10(9)CFU) of LGG, L. rhamnosus LC705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii JS and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 daily. Recovery of probiotics in biopsies (antrum, corpus, duodenum) and faecal samples was evaluated by strain-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. H. pylori colonization and gastric inflammation was investigated by urease activity ((13)C-urea breath test), histology and serum pepsinogen I, II and gastrin-17 measurements. RESULTS Twelve patients were fully investigated; of these three of the patients had LGG adhering to the biopsies at end of the intervention. Other probiotic strains were not detected, even though the recovery of all individual probiotic strains from the faeces was significantly increased (p<0.01). After the treatment, the level of (13)C-urea breath test (p=0.063) and gastrin-17 (p=0.046) decreased. CONCLUSIONS The decreases in (13)C-urea breath test and gastrin-17 indicate that the probiotic combination exerts a beneficial effect on gastric mucosa in H. pylori infected patients. LGG showed marginal ability to adhere to the upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Myllyluoma
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Kawai T, Miki K, Ichinose M, Kenji Y, Miyazaki I, Kawakami K, Kataoka M, Yamagishi T, Sofuni A, Itoi T, Moriyasu F, Takagi Y, Aoki T, Matsubayashi J, Mukai K. Changes in evaluation of the pepsinogen test result following Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Japan. Inflammopharmacology 2007; 15:31-5. [PMID: 17323193 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-006-0009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The pepsinogen (PG) test result is used in Japan for screening for gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated the changes in evaluation of the PG test result following H. pylori eradication. METHODS The subjects were 120 consecutive H. pylori-positive patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Subjects underwent endoscopy prior to, and at 2 months after the eradication therapy, at which time blood was taken for determination of changes in PG levels. RESULTS The overall eradication rate was 79.3% (per protocol). Following eradication therapy, the evaluation of PG test result converted from positive to negative in 80.4% (37/46) of cases of successful eradication, and in 0% (0/6) of cases of eradication failure. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the evaluation of PG test result should be used after the definitive confirmation of the success or failure of H. pylori eradication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kawai
- Endoscopy Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 671 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
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22
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Suto H, Ito Y, Yamazaki Y, Kato T, Azuma T. [An increase in body weight after eradication of Helicobacter pylori]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2007; 104:339-43. [PMID: 17337869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Suto
- Department of Endoscopic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui
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23
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Abstract
Serum pepsinogen (PG) has been used as biomarkers of gastric inflammation and mucosal status, including atrophic change, before the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Serum pepsinogen I (PG I) and pepsinogen II (PG II) levels are known to increase in the presence of H. pylori-related nonatrophic chronic gastritis. The measurement of serum PG provides much information on the presence of intestinal metaplasia as well as atrophic gastritis. The eradication of H. pylori provokes a significant change in serum PG values: it reduces both PG I and PG II and elevates the PG I to PG II ratio. Recently, the serum PG test method has been the first screening step in Japan, as well as photofluorography. Serum PG tests are used to screen for high risk subjects with atrophic gastritis, rather than as a test for cancer itself. Unlike photofluorography or endoscopy, serum PG screening can identify non-ulcerated differentiated asymptomatic cancer, irrespective of the size and location of the lesion. Most cases detected by the PG method are asymptomatic early gastric cancers and are limited to the mucosa, which are particularly well suited for endoscopic treatment. The PG method can contribute greatly to the patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Miki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Ohmori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently the screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis are mainly made by endoscopy and biopsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of serum tests: serum pepsinogen I (PGI pepsinogen I/II ratio (PGR), gastrin-17 (G-17) and H. pylori-immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to screen atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 458 patients were recruited, and each underwent endoscopy with biopsies before the serum tests were performed. These patients were divided into five groups based on the endoscopic and histological findings: 92 patients in the atrophic gastritis group, 58 in the gastric ulcer group, 90 in the duodenal ulcer group, 141 in the gastric cancer group (40 early gastric cancer and 101 advanced gastric cancer) and 77 (including mild non-atrophic gastritis) served as a control group. Serum samples for PGI and II, G-17, and H. pylori-IgG antibodies estimation were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS PGI and PGR values decreased significantly both in atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer groups (P<0.01). For the best discrimination of atrophic gastritis, the cut-off values of PGI and PGR were 82.3 microg/L and 6.05, respectively. The PGI, PGR and G-17 values were related significantly with the grades and/or sites of atrophic gastritis (P<0.01). Patients with atrophic corpus gastritis had low PGI and PGR values and high G-17 level, and patients with atrophic antral gastritis had low G-17 level. G-17 increased significantly in the gastric cancer group (P<0.01). PGI and PGR values were significantly lower in patients with advanced gastric cancer than in patients with early gastric cancer, while there was no difference in G-17 level between them. The positivity rate of H. pylori-IgG antibodies was 54.55% in the control group. The PGI level was higher in H. pylori positive patients than in H. pylori negative ones (P<0.001), while there was no difference in G-17 level between them. The positivity rates of H. pylori-IgG antibodies were over 85% in all other four groups. CONCLUSIONS Low serum PGI, PGR and G-17 values are biomarkers of atrophic antral gastritis. Atrophic be screened by serum PGI and PGR values. Gastric cancer can be screened on the basis of increased serum G-17 and remarkedly low serum PGI and PGR values. The H. pylori infection is related to the change of PG level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
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de Angelis GL, Cavallaro LG, Maffini V, Moussa AM, Fornaroli F, Liatopoulou S, Bizzarri B, Merli R, Comparato G, Caruana P, Cavestro GM, Franzé A, Di Mario F. Usefulness of a serological panel test in the assessment of gastritis in symptomatic children. Dig Dis 2007; 25:206-13. [PMID: 17827941 DOI: 10.1159/000103886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive methods are advisable for the detection of Helicobacter pylori-related chronic gastritis in pediatric patients. Serum pepsinogens I and II (sPGII and sPGII), gastrin-17 (G-17) and anti-H. pylori antibodies (IgG-Hp) have been proposed as a 'serological gastric biopsy'. AIM To assess H. pylori infection and to evaluate gastric mucosa status in a pediatric population by means of serological parameters such as sPGI, sPGII, G-17 and IgG-Hp. METHODS 45 consecutively children evaluated for upper gastrointestinal symptoms were analyzed. All children were submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies. Serum samples were analyzed for IgG-Hp, sPGII, sPGI and G-17 (Biohit, Helsinki, Finland). RESULTS 18 children had H. pylori-related mild or moderate non-atrophic chronic gastritis. They presented significantly higher mean levels of sPGII and of IgG-Hp than negative ones, either under or up to 10 years. sPGI showed significantly increased levels in H. pylori-positive patients only over 10 years. G-17 levels were not different between H. pylori-positive and -negative ones. The best cut-offs of IgG-Hp, sPGII and of product IgG-Hp x sPGII, to identify H. pylori infection, were 30 IU/l, 9 microg/l, and 241 IU/l x microg/l, respectively. The product IgG-Hp x sPGII identified H. pylori infection with a 100% sensitivity, 92% specificity, 90% positive predictive value and 100% negative predictive value. IgG-Hp and IgG-Hp showed a correlation (r = 0.94; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Combined analysis of sPGII and IgG-Hp antibody levels could be recommended as a non-invasive panel for the assessment of H. pylori-related histological alterations of gastric mucosa in childhood.
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Sun LP, Gong YH, Wang L, Gong W, Yuan Y. [Dynamic monitoring of serum pepsinogen among high risk populations of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe county]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006; 86:2826-30. [PMID: 17200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the dynamic changes of serum pepsinogen (PG) among the high risk populations of gastric cancer. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 444 subjects in the high risk areas of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe county, Liaoning province, who underwent screening of gastric cancer, 225 males and 219 females, aged 48.31 (21 - 76). ELISA was used to measure the serum PG I and PG II. The PG I/II ratio was calculated. Gastroscopy was conducted to take 4 pieces of biopsy specimens from each subject to undergo pathological examination. Histological examination and serum Hp-IgG antibody determination by ELISA were performed to detect the infection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp). The above mentioned examinations were carried out at the first screening and 6, 12, and 30 months later during follow-up. RESULTS (1) In the age group 51 - 60, the percentage change in PG II of 6-month follow-up was 0.84, significantly lower than those of the 12-month follow-up (1.22, P = 0.019) and 30-month follow-up (1.24, P = 0.004), and the percentage change in PG I/II of the 6-month follow-up was 1.09, significantly higher than those of the 12-month follow-up (0.75, P = 0.027) and 30-month follow-up (0.69, P = 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in serum PG I, serum PG II, and PG I/II ratio in other age groups. (2) The percentage change in serum PG I of the patients of superficial gastritis (SG) with mitigation of the 6-month follow-up was 0.69, significantly lower than that of the 12-month follow-up (0.97, P = 0.002). The percentage change in PG I/II of the patients of atrophic gastritis (AG) with mitigation of the 6-month follow-up was 1.13, significantly higher than that of the 12-month follow-up (0.75, P = 0.042). (3) The percentage change in PG I of the SG-->NOR (normal) group was 0.94, significantly higher than that of the SG-->AG group (0.79, P = 0.002). The percentage changes in PG I and PG II of the AG-->NOR group were 0.43 and 0.60 respectively, both significantly lower than those of the AG-->SG group (0.87, P = 0.000, and 1.11, P = 0.010). (4) The percentage change in PG I of the Hp negative-->Hp positive group was 0.94, significantly higher than that of the Hp negative-->Hp negative group (0.81, P = 0.026). The percentage changes in PG I and PG II of the Hp positive-->Hp negative group were 0.74 and 0.86 respectively, both significantly lower than those of Hp positive-->Hp positive group (0.93 and 1.15 respectively, both P = 0.000), and the percentage change in PG I/II of the Hp positive-->Hp negative group was 0.90, significantly higher than that of the Hp positive-->Hp positive group (0.70, P = 0.022). CONCLUSION The percentage change of serum PG is correlated with time of follow-up, feature of stomach disease, and status of Hp infection. Dynamic detection of serum PG can be applied in monitoring the populations in high risk area of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ping Sun
- Cancer Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Goto Y, Ando T, Naito M, Goto H, Hamajima N. No association of an SDHC gene polymorphism with gastric cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2006; 7:525-8. [PMID: 17250422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause apotosis and carcinogenesis. Marked infiltration of activated leukocyte and enhanced production of ROS appear to occur in the gastric mucosa infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The previous studies reported that the mutation of the succinate dehydrogenase subunit C (SDHC) gene caused the increase in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and oxidative stress. To extend these findings, we epidemiologically investigated the association of a SDHC polymorphism at 3'-untranslated region of exon 6 (JST173800) with H. pylori infection, gastric atrophy and gastric cancer risk in Japan. The subjects consisted of 454 health checkup examinees without a history of cancer and 202 gastric cancer patients. The SDHC polymorphism was not associated with H. pylori infection seropositivity, gastric atrophy, and cancer risk in this study. Although the polymorphism at the 3'-untranslated region could be hypothesized to be functional, this study did not demonstrate any significant association of the SDHC gene polymorphism with gastric atrophy and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Goto
- Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Descision Making, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550 Japan.
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Ariizumi K, Ohara S, Koike T, Inomata Y, Iijima K, Sekine H, Noguchi M, Sugiyama K, Eda Y, Kayaba S, Kawamura M, Shimosegawa T. Therapeutic effects of 10 mg/day rabeprazole administration on reflux esophagitis was not influenced by the CYP2C19 polymorphism. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 21:1428-34. [PMID: 16911688 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acid suppressive effects of omeprazole (OPZ) and lansoprazole (LPZ) are influenced by the CYP2C19 polymorphism. On the other hand, some investigators have reported that acid suppressive effect of rabeprazole (RPZ) was not significantly affected by CYP2C19. The present study was designed to investigate whether the CYP2C19 genotype is related to the healing of reflux esophagitis (RE) in treatment with RPZ 10 mg. METHODS One hundred and three Japanese patients with RE were treated with daily oral administration of 10 mg RPZ. At 4 and 8 weeks after the start of treatment, healing of RE was evaluated endoscopically. The CYP2C19 genotype was investigated before the treatment. RESULTS At 4 weeks after the start of treatment, the healing rates for homo-extensive metabolizer, hetero-extensive metabolizer, and poor metabolizer patients were 83.3% (15/18), 77.3% (17/22), and 88.9% (8/9) [corrected] respectively, and at 8 weeks after the start of treatment, the healing rates were 86.1% (31/36), 92.0% (46/50), and 82.4% (14/17), respectively. There were no significant differences in the healing rate of RE among the three genotypes at either 4 or 8 weeks after the start of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effects of 10 mg/day RPZ administration on RE may be uninfluenced by the CYP2C19 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ariizumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Korstanje A, den Hartog G, Biemond I, Roelandse FWC, Souverijn JHM, Lamers CBHW. Role of Helicobacter pylori and autoimmunity in serological atrophic corpus gastritis in a Dutch primary care community. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 18:911-6. [PMID: 16825911 DOI: 10.1097/00042737-200608000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrophic corpus gastritis predisposes to vitamin B12 deficiency and gastric cancer. Little is known about the seroprevalence of atrophic corpus gastritis in the general population of Western Europe. AIM To investigate the seroprevalence of atrophic corpus gastritis in a West-European primary care community in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection and autoimmunity. METHODS Nine hundred and ninety-seven consecutive persons attending one general practice were asked to participate in the study by completing a questionnaire and donating fasting blood. Gastrin, pepsinogen A and C, and antibodies to H. pylori and parietal cells were measured by well-validated immunological methods. Criteria for serological atrophic corpus gastritis were pepsinogen A < 17 microg/l, pepsinogen A/C ratio <1.6, and gastrin >100 ng/l. RESULTS Thirty-four participants (3.4%) fulfilled the serological criteria of atrophic corpus gastritis. Twenty-one of them (62%) and 17 of 34 (50%) age-matched and sex-matched nested controls were H. pylori positive [NS; odds ratio, 1.62 (0.62-4.24)], while 15 of them (44%) and one of 34 controls had antibodies to parietal cells [P < 0.005; odds ratio, 24.0 (3.00-201)]. CONCLUSIONS The seroprevalence of atrophic corpus gastritis in this primary care community is 3.4%. When compared with controls, the approximate relative risk of having atrophic corpus gastritis was significantly higher (P < 0.025) for antibodies to parietal cells (24.0) than to H. pylori (1.62). In view of the decreasing risk of H. pylori infection in the western world, it is likely that the impact of H. pylori on the development of atrophic corpus gastritis will further diminish.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Korstanje
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem, The Netherlands
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Onoda N, Katsuragi K, Maeda K, Sawada T, Wakasa K, Hirakawa K. Helicobacter pylori infection, but not mucosal atrophy, significantly affects serum pepsinogen level after gastric cancer surgery. Hepatogastroenterology 2006; 53:619-23. [PMID: 16995475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is frequently observed in the remnant stomach after gastric cancer surgery, and is considered to play one of the important roles in chronic mucosal inflammation and cancer development. METHODOLOGY Serum pepsinogen (PG) levels were measured in one hundred and eight patients after gastrectomy performed because of gastric cancer. The correlation between PG levels and the grade of mucosal inflammation in the remnant stomach was investigated together with the status of Hp infection. RESULTS No statistical difference in serum PG level was found according to the severity of reflux gastritis, or grade of mucosal atrophy. Significantly higher serum PG II level and lower PG I/II ratio were found in cases with histologically severe mucosal inflammation than in those without inflammation. In Hp positive cases, PG I level stayed constant while PG II level scored a significantly higher value than those of negative cases. As a result, PG I/II ratio became significantly lower in cases with Hp infection than in those without infection. CONCLUSIONS Hp infection and active mucosal inflammation, but not bile reflux or mucosal atrophy, significantly affect on the serum PG level in patients with remnant stomach after gastric cancer surgery. Serum PG level was suggested to indicate the grade of acute and chronic Hp-related inflammation in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyoshi Onoda
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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Valderrábano J, Gomez-Rincón C, Uriarte J. Effect of nutritional status and fat reserves on the periparturient immune response to Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep. Vet Parasitol 2006; 141:122-31. [PMID: 16737779 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2005] [Revised: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A study was made of the effect of body fat stored by ewes in early pregnancy on the subsequent immune response to gastrointestinal parasites around parturition. Pregnant ewes were given access to a lucerne pelleted diet either ad libitum (H) or at approximately 0.70 of their maintenance requirements (L) from the 42nd day of pregnancy in order to achieve a clearly differentiated level of body reserves by the 90th day of pregnancy. Then, all animals were put on the same plane of nutrition till 3 weeks after parturition. All ewes in both groups received 7,000 infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus per week for 7 weeks prior to lambing. The dietary treatments led to large differences between both groups of ewes in back-fat thickness that had a high correlation with mean plasma concentrations of leptin. In spite of the fact that animals were on the same plane of nutrition at infection time, host resistance, as measured by faecal egg counts, was significantly affected by the nutritional treatment established during early pregnancy. This effect produced noticeable differences in worm size and in worm burden at lambing. The response was accompanied by a marked increase in circulating eosinophils in better-fed ewes than in those maintained on a restricted diet in early pregnancy. Serum pepsinogen concentration, however, was inversely affected by the nutritional treatment till lambing, showing a maximum difference as early as 2 weeks after infection. The results support the view that higher levels of nutrition during early pregnancy enhance the expression of immunity against gastrointestinal parasites around parturition. Furthermore, the differences in the immune response appeared associated with serum leptin levels suggesting that leptin may be a key link between nutritional status and the protective immune reactivity against GI nematode infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Valderrábano
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Oishi Y, Kiyohara Y, Kubo M, Tanaka K, Tanizaki Y, Ninomiya T, Doi Y, Shikata K, Yonemoto K, Shirota T, Matsumoto T, Iida M. The serum pepsinogen test as a predictor of gastric cancer: the Hisayama study. Am J Epidemiol 2006; 163:629-37. [PMID: 16443800 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwj088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors examined whether a serum pepsinogen test (SPT) based on the combination of the serum pepsinogen I level and pepsinogen I/II ratio is a good predictor of gastric cancer occurrence in a general Japanese population. A total of 2,446 subjects aged > or =40 years were classified into negative, positive, and strong-positive SPT groups and were followed prospectively for 14 years (1988-2002). Compared with that for the negative SPT group (26 men, 10 women), gastric cancer incidence increased significantly for both men (n = 17; age-adjusted hazard ratio = 4.56, 95% confidence interval: 2.42, 8.60) and women (n = 6; age-adjusted hazard ratio = 5.84, 95% confidence interval: 2.00, 17.11) in the strong-positive SPT group. It was also significantly higher in the positive SPT group for men (n = 23; age-adjusted hazard ratio = 3.91, 95% confidence interval: 2.23, 6.86). These associations did not attenuate even after adjustment for other comprehensive risk factors. Stratified analysis revealed significant associations between the SPT and development of intestinal-type gastric cancer as well as of cancer in both Helicobacter pylori-negative and -positive subjects. These findings suggest that the SPT can serve as a predictor of intestinal-type gastric cancer, irrespective of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Oishi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Graham DY, Nurgalieva ZZ, El-Zimaity HMT, Opekun AR, Campos A, Guerrero L, Chavez A, Cardenas V. Noninvasive versus histologic detection of gastric atrophy in a Hispanic population in North America. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4:306-14. [PMID: 16527693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2005.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer risk is directly correlated with the severity and extent of mucosal atrophy, making identification of atrophy a goal in cancer prevention programs. The aim of this study was to compare targeted histology with noninvasive testing for the identification of antral and/or corpus atrophy in North America. METHODS In a cross-sectional study of a random sample of households, 8 gastric biopsy specimens were obtained from defined locations in the antrum and corpus. Biopsies were scored for the presence of Helicobacter pylori and gastric atrophy (defined as loss of normal glandular components). Atrophy was scored by using the Sydney system and a system based on the number and location of corpus biopsies with atrophy. Patients' sera were examined for pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and gastrin-17 (fasting and stimulated). RESULTS One hundred eighty volunteers, approximately 30 per age group and ranging in age from 18-82 years, participated. There were 76 men. The overall weighted prevalence of a corpus atrophy was 4.7% (95% confidence interval, 2.3-7.0). There was a significant inverse relationship between the grade of corpus atrophy and the pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio (R = -0.31, P < .01). We failed to confirm the usefulness of the proposed algorithm by using gastrin-17, H. pylori serology, and serum pepsinogens to categorize the gastric histology. The Sydney system underestimated the prevalence of corpus atrophy by approximately 25%. CONCLUSION Noninvasive testing is both possible and practical by using pepsinogen assays for the identification of the precancerous condition of moderate to severe corpus atrophy in North American Hispanic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y Graham
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Larsson A, Dimander SO, Uggla A, Waller P, Höglund J. Effects of single or concurrent infections with Eimeria alabamensis and gastrointestinal nematodes on the performance of calves on pasture. Parasitol Res 2006; 99:84-9. [PMID: 16496174 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-0109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four calves unexposed to pasture were allocated to four groups and inoculated with either two doses of 5 million Eimeria alabamensis oocysts at turn-out (E), 90,000 L3 of Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora divided on six occasions (N) or both oocysts and larvae as above (E + N). A control group was left uninoculated (C). For 10 weeks, the groups grazed in separate uniform paddocks not previously grazed by cattle. By day 5, most calves in groups E and E + N developed clinical coccidiosis that resulted in reduced weight gain compared to C and N. Mean trichostrongylid faecal egg counts in groups N and E + N never exceeded 300 eggs per gram of faeces, and average serum pepsinogen levels were less than 3.8 U tyrosine. This experiment demonstrates the potential impact of E. alabamensis on the performance of previously unexposed calves, whereas no aggravated effects were observed due to concurrent infections with gastrointestinal nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Larsson
- Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 751 89, Uppsala, Sweden
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Nardone G, Rocco A, Staibano S, Mezza E, Autiero G, Compare D, De Rosa G, Budillon G. Diagnostic accuracy of the serum profile of gastric mucosa in relation to histological and morphometric diagnosis of atrophy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22:1139-46. [PMID: 16305728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histology is the gold standard for diagnosis of atrophy but is hampered by observer variation. A reliable method to overcome this issue is morphometric analysis of gastric mucosa. Serum pepsinogens and gastrin have been proposed in the diagnostic work-up of gastric atrophy although diagnostic accuracy of these tests is considered unsatisfactory. AIM To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of gastric serum profile in relation both to morphological and morphometric diagnosis of gastric atrophy. METHODS Ninety-four dyspeptic out-patients underwent upper endoscopy and evaluation of serum levels of PGI, PGII and 17-gastrin. Diagnostic accuracy of gastric serum profile was tested by receiver operating characteristic curves and by evaluation of sensitivity and specificity in relation to both histology and morphometric analyses. RESULTS As far as concern to histological evaluation, only PGI/PGII ratio showed an acceptable diagnostic accuracy in discrimination of gastric atrophy, while, when morphometric analysis was considered as reference, both serum PGI level and PGI/PGII ratio showed an excellent performance. However, both PGI and PGI/PGII ratio showed low sensitivity and high specificity. CONCLUSIONS Serological gastric profile corresponds better with the morphometric diagnosis of atrophy, even if, because of the low sensitivity, today this could only be used as screening test of chronic atrophic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Nardone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Goto Y, Ando T, Nishio K, Ishida Y, Kawai S, Goto H, Hamajima N. The ACE gene polymorphism is associated with the incidence of gastric cancer among H. pylori seropositive subjects with atrophic gastritis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2005; 6:464-7. [PMID: 16435992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism have provided evidence that the D/D genotype is associated with gastric tumor progression and numbers of lymph node metastases, but not with the overall risk of gastric cancer. The highest levels of circulating and tissue ACE activity were found in carriers of the D/D genotype. Here, we further investigated the association using 454 Japanese subjects undergoing a health checkup and 202 gastric cancer patients. The ACE polymorphism was not found to be linked with H. pylori seropositivity or gastric atrophy. However, among H. pylori seropositive subjects with atrophy, those with the I/D genotype had an increased risk of gastric cancer (OR=1.59; 95% CI, 1.02-2.48). We also established that the polymorphism did not lower the age at diagnosis of gastric cancer. Confirmation of the association between ACE polymorphisms and development of gastric cancer requires much larger studies, and the biological role also needs to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Goto
- Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Shimatani T, Inoue M, Iwamoto K, Hyogo H, Yokozaki M, Saeki T, Tazuma S, Horikawa Y, Harada N. Gastric acidity in patients with follicular gastritis is significantly reduced, but can be normalized after eradication for Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2005; 10:256-65. [PMID: 15904484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follicular gastritis is thought to be caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. However, the pathophysiology of it remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed gastric acidity in 15 patients with follicular gastritis, aged 20-37 years, using a 24-hour intragastric pH-metry, as well as by histologic and serologic evaluations; and compared it with that in other age-matched groups: 18 cases of H. pylori-positive antrum-predominant gastritis, 12 of pangastritis, and 24 H. pylori-negative normals. In eight cases with follicular gastritis, it was re-assessed 6 months after the eradication therapy for H. pylori. RESULTS During nighttime, the percentage of time with intragastric pH above 3.0 in follicular gastritis was significantly higher than that in normals (p<.0001), and in antrum-predominant gastritis (p<.001), but was comparable with that in pangastritis. In the daytime period, this parameter in follicular gastritis was significantly higher than that in normal (p<.001), in antrum-predominant gastritis (p<.001), and in pangastritis (p<.05). Marked mononuclear cell and neutrophil infiltration but no apparent glandular atrophy were observed in both the antrum and corpus. Serum pepsinogen I/II ratio was significantly lower in follicular gastritis than that in normals (p<.0001) and in antrum-predominant gastritis (p<.001), whereas serum gastrin was significantly higher than that in normals (p<.0001), in antrum-predominant gastritis (p<.01) and in pangastritis (p<.05). After eradication for H. pylori, all of the parameters in follicular gastritis were altered to the same ranges as those in normals. CONCLUSIONS In follicular gastritis, gastric acidity is significantly reduced, but can be normalized by eradication of H. pylori. It can thus be speculated that inflammatory cytokines or H. pylori-infection-induced prostaglandins might strongly inhibit gastric acid secretion in follicular gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Shimatani
- Department of General Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Wu KC, Li HT, Qiao TD, Li CN, Ji WS, Tian FQ, Wang X, Wang BL, Miao JY, Ding J, Fan DM. Diagnosis of atrophic body gastritis in Chinese patients by measuring serum pepsinogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 5:22-7. [PMID: 15612668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1443-9573.2004.00148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atrophic body gastritis (ABG) is common in China. Although histology via endoscopy is an efficient and reliable means of diagnosing ABG, it is an invasive procedure. Therefore, in the present study serum pepsinogen (PG) was used as a biomarker to develop a novel noninvasive test as the first option for screening of ABG in certain groups of Chinese. METHODS The study population consisted of 81 selected dyspeptic patients (mean age, 64.8 +/- 0.7 years; M:F, 43:38) who underwent diagnostic gastroscopy. At least four biopsy specimens were taken from the antrum and corpus of the stomach (two specimens from each site) for histological diagnosis. Blood samples for ELISA assays of serum pepsinogen I (PGI), pepsinogen II (PGII) and IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori (Hp IgG) were drawn after endoscopy. Cut-off points were calculated using receiver operating curves (ROC). RESULTS There was no correlation between serum PG and atrophy in the antral mucosa. The mean serum concentration of PGI was lower (P < 0.05) in patients with ABG (89.9 microg/L) than in those with normal mucosa (NM) and non-ABG (123.7 microg/L and 139.1 microg/L). The mean ratio of PGI:PGII was also lower (P < 0.01) in patients with ABG (6.2) than in those with NM and non-ABG (11.6 and 11.7). There was no difference in serum PGI or the PGI:PGII ratio between patients with and without H. pylori infection. For diagnosing ABG, the area under the ROC of PGI and the PGI:PGII ratio was 0.741 (95% CI: 0.627-0.856) and 0.874 (95% CI: 0.788-0.961), respectively. The maximum of the Youden's index (YI) of PGI and the PGI:PGII ratio was 0.426 and 0.722, respectively. The best cut-off point for PGI was 97.1 microg/L with sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 76%, and for PGI:PGII ratio was 8.1 microg/L, with sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 83%. CONCLUSIONS The serum PGI:PGII ratio appears to be a sensitive and specific assay for corpus atrophy, thus providing a noninvasive and indicative test for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Lin HZ, Chen L, Li XC, Zhou DF, Cui JY. [The significance of pepsinogen with its subgroup and CA72-4 associate detect applied to early diagnostic and prognosis judgment on gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2004; 42:1505-8. [PMID: 15733483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out the connection of serum pepsinogen and it's subgroups (PGI, PGII) with CA72-4 to early diagnosis and postoperative recurrence on gastric cancer. METHODS RIA was applied to detect the results of serum PGI, PGII and CA72-4 on gastric cancer and other stomach diseases, then the clinic value of associating detection on gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis judgment were assessed. RESULTS The serum PG levels of GC patients were significantly lower comparing to those of healthy controls (P < 0.01), apparent changes had taken place on earlier period GC (P < 0.05), and aggressive GC were even lower (P < 0.01). On the earlier period of GC diagnosis, CA72-4 levels were not apparently different to healthy controls (P > 0.05), and aggressive GC were significantly higher (P < 0.01). Compared preoperative with postoperative, the serum PGI and PGII and CA72-4 levels were significantly different (P < 0.01). In the patients underwent total gastrectomy, both of pepsinogen levels were lower than those of subtotal or large partial gastrectomy (P < 0.05). The serum PGI, PGII and CA72-4 levels of patients with recurrence of GC after total gastrectomy were significantly higher than those without. Compared before recurrence patients with after ones, the serum PGI and PGII levels of partial gastrectomy were no apparent difference (P > 0.05), however apparent changes had taken place on CA72-4 levels. The associate detection had even higher specificity (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Apply to detect the serum PG levels on crowds, especially pGI, PGI/II levels decrease, which may be expected to become the index to earlier period GC screening. The associating detection to PG and CA72-4 levels may significantly improve sensitivity and specificity, which have chances to be applied to monitoring to postoperative gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-zhong Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Municipal Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao 266011, China
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Shiotani A, Iishi H, Uedo N, Higashino K, Kumamoto M, Nakae Y, Tatsuta M. Hypoacidity combined with high gastric juice nitrite induced by Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastric cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20 Suppl 1:48-53. [PMID: 15298605 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with Helicobacter pylori infection, the concentration of nitrite in gastric juice is elevated. The degree of elevation correlates with that of inflammation and H. pylori density. AIM The aim of this study was to examine hypoacidity and high nitrite levels related to H. pylori infection in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS We studied 88 patients with more than one history of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early gastric cancer and 88 age-matched controls. Concentration of nitrite in gastric juice was measured by Griess reaction, and serum pepsinogen levels were measured by RIA. RESULTS Multiple malignant lesions were found in 20 of the 88 patients. Serum gastrin, gastric juice pH and nitrite levels in patients with gastric cancer were significantly higher and pepsinogen I and pepsinogen I/II significantly lower than in control subjects. Pepsinogen I level and I/II ratio were lower and gastric juice pH was higher in the protruded-type group than in the depressed-type group. Pepsinogen I and pepsinogen I/II were lower and gastric juice pH was higher in multiple than in single cases. CONCLUSIONS Hypoacidity combined with high gastric juice nitrite induced by H. pylori infection is associated with the intestinal type of gastric cancer, especially protruded lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shiotani
- Health Administration Center, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
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Nobuta A, Asaka M, Sugiyama T, Kato M, Hige S, Takeda H, Kato T, Ogoshi K, Keida Y, Shinomura J. Helicobacter pylori infection in two areas in Japan with different risks for gastric cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20 Suppl 1:1-6. [PMID: 15298598 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01976.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and various factors associated with gastric cancer in two areas in Japan with different risks for mortality due to gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 250 sera from Niigata and 209 from Okinawa were used. H. pylori antibody and CagA antibody were measured by antigen-specific ELISAs. Serum gastrin and pepsinogen levels were determined by RIA. RESULTS Although there was no significant difference in H. pylori prevalence among the persons in Niigata (50%) and Okinawa (42%), CagA prevalence in these populations was significantly different, at 41% and 26%, respectively (OR = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.33-2.95, P < 0.01). Serum gastrin levels in Niigata were significantly lower than those in Okinawa in H. pylori-negative persons (P < 0.01). The serum pepsinogen I/II ratio in Niigata was significantly lower than that in Okinawa in H. pylori positive persons (P < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in H. pylori-negative persons. Among those positive for H. pylori, serum pepsinogen I/II ratio in Niigata was significantly lower than that in Okinawa in CagA-negative persons (P < 0.01), whereas no significant difference was observed in CagA-positive persons. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the mortality ratio of gastric cancer between Niigata and Okinawa is mainly associated with the difference between areas in the prevalence of cagA-positive strains rather than that of H. pylori itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nobuta
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Ohkusa T, Miwa H, Nomura T, Asaoka D, Kurosawa A, Sakamoto N, Abe S, Hojo M, Terai T, Ogihara T, Sato N. Improvement in serum pepsinogens and gastrin in long-term monitoring after eradication of Helicobacter pylori: comparison with H. pylori-negative patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20 Suppl 1:25-32. [PMID: 15298602 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decrease in pepsinogen and gastrin levels 1-3 months after Helicobacter pylori eradication is well known. However, few data are available on the long-term progression of these decreases beyond 1 year after eradication, and there has been no investigation into whether pepsinogen and gastrin levels return to normal levels as defined by data from H. pylori-negative patients with dyspepsia. AIM We studied the effect of H. pylori eradication on pepsinogen and gastrin levels for more than 1 year, and compared levels to those in H. pylori-negative patients with dyspepsia. We also investigated the effect of H. pylori eradication on the course of atrophic corpus gastritis as reflected by histology, and on PGI levels and PG I/II ratio. METHODS We enrolled 172 H. pylori-positive patients with dyspepsia who had undergone successful eradication therapy of more than 1 year's duration and 101 non-treated H. pylori-negative patients with dyspepsia. H. pylori status was assessed at entry and at each endoscopy after eradication by culture, histological results, the rapid urease test and the urea breath test. In both groups, patients were evaluated for fasting serum pepsinogen I and II and gastrin using a radioimmunoassay technique, and underwent detailed histological assessment according to the updated Sydney System. RESULTS In the H. pylori-negative patients, mean serum pepsinogen I and II, I/II ratio and gastrin levels were 52.6 +/- 20.8 ng/mL, 9.2 +/- 4.2 ng/mL, 6.0 +/- 1.7 and 53.5 +/- 29.2 pg/mL, respectively. In H. pylori-positive patients with long-term eradication, pepsinogen I and II, I/II ratio and gastrin levels were 81.3 +/- 46.6 ng/mL, 25.9 +/- 17.1 ng/mL, 3.4 +/- 1.3 and 131.9 +/- 130.8 pg/mL, respectively, before treatment. At 1-3 months after eradication, serum pepsinogen I and II levels in the H. pylori-positive patients decreased to levels similar to those in the negative patients, whereas pepsinogen I/II ratio and gastrin levels remained lower and higher, respectively, than in the negative patients. Serum pepsinogen I/II ratio and gastrin levels then became similar between the groups at 12-15 months after eradication. In histological findings, inflammation and neutrophil activity decreased by 1-3 months, and atrophy in the corpus and metaplasia in the antrum decreased by 12-15 months. CONCLUSION The results suggest that atrophic corpus gastritis and superficial gastritis are reversible, as indicated by both histological and serological findings in a long-term follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohkusa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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44
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Urita Y, Hike K, Torii N, Kikuchi Y, Kanda E, Sasajima M, Miki K. Serum pepsinogens as a predicator of the topography of intestinal metaplasia in patients with atrophic gastritis. Dig Dis Sci 2004; 49:795-801. [PMID: 15259501 DOI: 10.1023/b:ddas.0000030091.92379.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The importance of atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia is related to the fact that it increases the risk of gastric cancer development. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic potential of serum pepsinogens in predicting the topography of intestinal metaplasia. Both dye endoscopy and 13C-urea breath test were carried out in 878 subjects. Serum pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and IgG antibody to Helicobacter pylori were measured. The overall prevalence of intestinal metaplasia was higher in subjects with lower PG I/II ratios and lower PG I values. Based on ROC curves, a cutoff value for pepsinogen I/II ratio of less than 3.0 would have identified intestinal metaplasia with a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 66.7% in Helicobacter pylori-positive subjects. It is possible that serum pepsinogens could be used as a screening test for high-risk subjects with intestinal metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Urita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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45
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Ito LS, Oba-Shinjo SM, Marie SKN, Uno M, Shinjo SK, Hamajima N, Tajima K, Tominaga S. Lifestyle factors associated with atrophic gastritis among Helicobacter pylori-seropositive Japanese-Brazilians in S�o Paulo. Int J Clin Oncol 2003; 8:362-8. [PMID: 14663638 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-003-0355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2003] [Accepted: 08/18/2003] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of lifestyle factors related to gastric atrophy development in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals are limited. The present cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between lifestyle factors and serum pepsinogens (PGs) among anti- H. pylori antibody-seropositive Japanese in Brazil, where gastric cancer mortality was reported to be as high as in Japanese in Japan, and seropositive individuals were still frequently detected. METHODS The subjects were 291 seropositive individuals (129 males and 162 females; age, 30 to 69 years) out of 656 Japanese-Brazilian volunteers in São Paulo city. Information on lifestyle factors was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Atrophic gastritis was defined as a PG1 serum level less than 70 ng/ml and PG1/PG2 ratio less than 3. RESULTS The prevalence of atrophic gastritis was 31.9% (95% confidence intervals, 26.6%-37.6%). The proportion of subjects with atrophic gastritis increased with age, but there were no significantly marked differences in the proportions of subjects with atrophic gastritis among the three generations studied (first generation [Issei], second generation [Nisei], and third generation [Sansei]) for any 10-year age group. The associations with smoking and alcohol drinking were not significant. Length of education was inversely associated with gastric atrophy, while infrequent rice intake was preventive; the odds ratio relative to everyday rice intake was 0.13 (95% confidence intervals, 0.39-0.46) on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that frequent rice intake was a risk factor for atrophic gastritis among the H. pylori-infected Japanese-Brazilians, suggesting that diet including rice plays a role in the step from H. pylori infection to gastric atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy S Ito
- Japanese Brazilian Health Professional Volunteer Group, São Paulo, Brazil.
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46
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Sanduleanu S, Bruïne ADE, Biemond I, Stridsberg M, Jonkers D, Lundqvist G, Hameeteman W, Stockbrügger RW. Ratio between serum IL-8 and pepsinogen A/C: a marker for atrophic body gastritis. Eur J Clin Invest 2003; 33:147-54. [PMID: 12588289 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Elevated serum gastrin and a low pepsinogen A/C ratio are well-recognized markers for atrophic body gastritis (ABG). We have shown that the presence of body atrophy is also associated with elevated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study tested the hypothesis that serum cytokines provide additional information to gastrin and pepsinogens in screening for ABG. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-six consecutive patients were investigated on referral for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: 150 were patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, receiving acid inhibitory medication either with proton pump inhibitors (n = 113) or with histamine2-receptor antagonists (n = 37), and 76 were nontreated controls, who had normal endoscopic findings. Gastric mucosal biopsies were sampled for histological examination (Sydney classification). Serum samples were analyzed for gastrin, chromogranin A (CgA), and pepsinogens A and C by RIA, and for the interleukins (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 by ELISA. RESULTS Subjects with ABG had significantly higher serum gastrin (P < 0.01) and serum CgA (P < 0.01) levels and significantly lower pepsinogen A/C ratios (P < 0.001) than those without ABG. Additionally, serum IL-1beta, IL-6 and, especially, IL-8 levels were significantly higher in the subjects with than in those without ABG (P < 0.0001, for all cytokines). To optimize the detection of body atrophy we defined the ABG index: the ratio between the simultaneously measured IL-8 and pepsinogen A/C. The area under the ROC curve for the ABG index was significantly greater than that for serum gastrin and for serum pepsinogen A/C alone (0.91 +/- 0.029 vs. 0.72 +/- 0.042, and vs. 0.83 +/- 0.031, P = 0.018 and P = 0.049). Using the ABG index at a cut-off value of 1.8 pg mL-1, 91% of the cases were classified correctly. CONCLUSIONS The ratio between serum IL-8 and pepsinogen A/C accurately predicts the presence of ABG. We therefore propose the ABG index as a noninvasive screening test for ABG in population-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sanduleanu
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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47
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Yamaki G, Higashi K. [Mass screening of gastric cancer--limits and prospects]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2002; 29:1883-7. [PMID: 12465385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Now we have two methods for gastric cancer screening. One is radiological study and another is pepsinogen test. The efficacy of radiological study has been established by the curve of mortality rate of gastric cancer through these four decades. But it is problem for this study that the number of the participants has reduced and the patients who take the examination have been fixed. On the other hand, pepsinogen test is very easy and cheap to take the results. But the efficacy of this is not established, because this test started only twelve years before. According to our research, both tests have the pros and cons. So it is necessary to use both methods to do mass screening of gastric cancer. The capsule endoscopy, which was developed in these years, has held great possibility. It will be used practically near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goro Yamaki
- Dept. of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Kenbikyoin Foundation, 4-8-32 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8288, Japan
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Ito M, Haruma K, Kamada T, Mihara M, Kim S, Kitadai Y, Sumii M, Tanaka S, Yoshihara M, Chayama K. Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy improves atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a 5-year prospective study of patients with atrophic gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16:1449-56. [PMID: 12182744 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM : To investigate the effect of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori on histological gastritis. METHODS : Twenty-six patients with moderate to severe atrophy received successful eradication therapy of H.pylori. Four patients dropped out and 22 were followed up prospectively for 5 years. The grades of gastritis were estimated from gastric biopsy specimens. The grade of intestinal metaplasia was also evaluated by dye-endoscopy using methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride). The serum levels of pepsinogen, gastrin and anti-parietal cell antibody were also determined. RESULTS : The grades of atrophy decreased in patients with successful eradication therapy in the gastric corpus (before vs. 5 years after eradication, 2.09 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.91 +/- 0.17; P < 0.01) and in the antrum (2.14 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.36 +/- 0.17; P < 0.01). The levels of intestinal metaplasia were also decreased in the corpus (0.91 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.50 +/- 0.16; P < 0.05) and in the antrum (1.41 +/- 0.20 vs. 1.00 +/- 0.16; P < 0.05), which was also demonstrated by the methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride) staining method (33.4 +/- 8.2% vs. 23.0 +/- 6.5%; P < 0.05). The improvement of corpus atrophy correlated well with the high serum level of pepsinogen I (P = 0.005), but showed no correlation with the levels of anti-parietal cell antibody. CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest that gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are reversible events in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ito
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Haruma K, Ito M, Kido S, Manabe N, Kitadai Y, Sumii M, Tanaka S, Yoshihara M, Chayama K. Long-term rebamipide therapy improves Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis. Dig Dis Sci 2002; 47:862-7. [PMID: 11991622 DOI: 10.1023/a:1014716822702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated an antiinflammatory effect of rebamipide [2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-[2(1H)-quinolinon-4-yl] propionic acid], a gastroprotective agent, in H. pylori-associated gastritis. Eighty-six patients with H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis were enrolled: 53 were treated with rebamipide (300 mg daily for 12 months) and 33 served as controls. Significant decreases in mononuclear cell infiltration into the antrum and corpus were noted in the rebamipide treatment group (before vs after, 1.42 +/- 0.15 vs 1.02 +/- 0.15; P < 0.01 and 1.60 +/- 0.15 vs 1.21 +/- 0.14; P < 0.05, respectively). Levels of infiltrating neutrophil were also decreased in the antrum (before vs after, 0.98 +/- 0.14 vs 0.70 +/- 0.13; P < 0.05) and were associated with a decrease in iNOS production. Sera from patients treated with rebamipide showed a significant decrease in gastrin (276.3 +/- 58.3 pg/ml vs 173.0 +/- 34.2 pg/ml; P < 0.05), whereas no change was observed in the control group. These suggest that long-term rebamipide treatment improved histologic gastritis and decreased serum gastrin levels in H. pylori-associated gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Haruma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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Bodger K, Wyatt JI, Heatley RV. Variation in serum pepsinogens with severity and topography of Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis in dyspeptic patients referred for endoscopy. Helicobacter 2001; 6:216-24. [PMID: 11683924 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2001.00031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has long been recognised that specific patterns of gastritis are linked with different gastroduodenal diseases and that serum pepsinogens vary with the histological state of the gastric mucosa. With the discovery of the role of Helicobacter pylori in chronic gastritis and the availability of noninvasive tests for H. pylori infection, individuals with H. pylori gastritis can now be identified without endoscopic biopsy. However, without a knowledge of the pattern and severity of gastritis it is impossible to predict the likelihood of significant associated gastroduodenal pathology. AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of serum pepsinogens I and II in predicting the topography and severity of gastritis in H. pylori-infected dyspeptic patients attending for endoscopy. METHODS Fasting serum was obtained from consecutive dyspeptic patients attending for endoscopy, and pairs of gastric biopsies obtained from the mid-body and antrum. Gastritis was graded according to the Sydney System, and serum pepsinogen levels determined by radio-immunoassay. RESULTS Sixty-nine dyspeptic patients were studied (mean age: 49.6 years) of whom 34 had H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis (Hp-gastritis) - antral predominant gastritis (APG) in 41.2%, pangastritis (PAN) in 52.9%, and corpus predominant (CPG) in 5.9%. Serum pepsinogen II levels were significantly higher, and the serum pepsinogen I : II ratio significantly lower, in the H. pylori positive group than in other groups. Within the Hp-gastritis group, there was a step-wise decrease in serum pepsinogen I levels with progression from APG through PAN to CPG pattern (a cut-off value of > or = 100 ng/ml would have identified APG with a positive predictive value of 77%, though with low sensitivity). Within the Hp-gastritis group, serum pepsinogen I and II levels were correlated with antral chronic inflammation score and serum pepsinogen II levels also with antral activity score. Serum pepsinogen I and the pepsinogen I : II ratio were lowest in severe gastric corpus atrophy. CONCLUSION In dyspeptic patients known to be infected with H. pylori, serum pepsinogen values provide an assessment of the overall topography of gastritis, the severity of antral inflammation and the presence of severe corpus atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bodger
- Division of Medicine, and Pathology Department, St James' University Hospital Beckett St, Leeds, UK
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