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Heffernan S, Nunn L, Harnedy-Rothwell PA, Gite S, Whooley J, Giblin L, FitzGerald RJ, O’Brien NM. Blue Whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) Protein Hydrolysates Increase GLP-1 Secretion and Proglucagon Production in STC-1 Cells Whilst Maintaining Caco-2/HT29-MTX Co-Culture Integrity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020112. [PMID: 35200641 PMCID: PMC8877066 DOI: 10.3390/md20020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducing the feeling of fullness via the regulation of satiety hormones presents an effective method for reducing excess energy intake and, in turn, preventing the development of obesity. In this study, the ability of blue whiting soluble protein hydrolysates (BWSPHs) and simulated gastrointestinal digested (SGID) BWSPHs, to modulate the secretion and/or production of satiety hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY), was assessed in murine enteroendocrine STC-1 cells. All BWSPHs (BW-SPH-A to BW-SPH-F) (1.0% w/v dw) increased active GLP-1 secretion and proglucagon production in STC-1 cells compared to the basal control (Krebs–Ringer buffer) (p < 0.05). The signaling pathway activated for GLP-1 secretion was also assessed. A significant increase in intracellular calcium levels was observed after incubation with all BWSPHs (p < 0.05) compared with the control, although none of the BWSPHs altered intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations. The secretagogue effect of the leading hydrolysate was diminished after SGID. Neither pre- nor post-SGID hydrolysates affected epithelial barrier integrity or stimulated interleukin (IL)-6 secretion in differentiated Caco-2/HT-29MTX co-cultured cells. These results suggest a role for BWSPH-derived peptides in satiety activity; however, these peptides may need to be protected by some means to avoid loss of activity during gastrointestinal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna Heffernan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Leo Nunn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland;
| | | | - Snehal Gite
- Bio-Marine Ingredients Ireland Ltd., Lough Egish Food Park, A75 WR82 Castleblaney, Ireland; (S.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Jason Whooley
- Bio-Marine Ingredients Ireland Ltd., Lough Egish Food Park, A75 WR82 Castleblaney, Ireland; (S.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Linda Giblin
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Richard J. FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (P.A.H.-R.); (R.J.F.)
| | - Nora M. O’Brien
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-21-490-2884
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Hau EH, Teh SS, Yeo SK, Mah SH. Physicochemical and functional properties of Alcalase-extracted protein hydrolysate from oil palm leaves. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:233-240. [PMID: 34081335 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oil palm tree produces 90% of wastes and the limited usage of these wastes causes a major disposal problem in the mills. Nevertheless, these by-products have a large amount of nutritional components. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the physicochemical and functional properties of protein hydrolysates (PH) from oil palm leaves (OPL) extracted using different concentrations of Alcalase (0-10%) at 2 h of hydrolysis time. RESULTS Fourier transform infrared spectral analyses showed that the enzymatic hydrolysis altered functional groups of OPL where a secondary amine was present in the PH. Changes were also observed in the thermal stability where the enthalpy heat obtained for PH (933.93-1142.57 J g-1 ) was much lower than OPL (7854.11 J g-1 ). The results showed that the PH extracted by 8% Alcalase exhibited absolute zeta potential, as well as a high emulsifying activity index (70.64 m2 g-1 of protein) and emulsion stability index (60.58 min). Furthermore, this PH showed higher solubility (96.32%) and emulsifying properties compared to other PHs. It is also comparable with commercial plant proteins, indicating that 8% Alcalase is an optimum concentration for hydrolysis. CONCLUSION In summary, the physicochemical and functional properties of PH extracted from OPL showed good functional properties, suggesting that it can be used as an alternative plant protein in food industries. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng Huan Hau
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Soek Sin Teh
- Energy and Environment Unit, Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Siok Koon Yeo
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Jeon SH, Choung SY. Oyster Hydrolysates Attenuate Muscle Atrophy via Regulating Protein Turnover and Mitochondria Biogenesis in C2C12 Cell and Immobilized Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:4385. [PMID: 34959937 PMCID: PMC8703783 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, also known as skeletal muscle atrophy, is characterized by significant loss of muscle mass and strength. Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) hydrolysates have anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation properties. However, the anti-sarcopenic effect of oyster hydrolysates remains uninvestigated. Therefore, we prepared two different oyster hydrolysates, namely TGPN and PNY. This study aimed to determine the anti-muscle atrophy efficacy and molecular mechanisms of TGPN and PNY on both C2C12 cell lines and mice. In vitro, the TGPN and PNY recovered the dexamethasone-induced reduction in the myotube diameters. In vivo, TGPN and PNY administration not only improved grip strength and exercise endurance, but also attenuated the loss of muscle mass and muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Mechanistically, TGPN and PNY increased the expression of protein synthesis-related protein levels via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway, and reduced the expression of protein degradation-related protein levels via the PI3K/Akt/forkhead box O pathway. Also, TGPN and PNY stimulated NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1(SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1,2, mitochondrial transcription factor A, along with mitochondrial DNA content via SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling. These findings suggest oyster hydrolysates could be used as a valuable natural material that inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy via regulating protein turnover and mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Jeon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Se-Young Choung
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Preventive Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Echave J, Fraga-Corral M, Garcia-Perez P, Popović-Djordjević J, H. Avdović E, Radulović M, Xiao J, A. Prieto M, Simal-Gandara J. Seaweed Protein Hydrolysates and Bioactive Peptides: Extraction, Purification, and Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090500. [PMID: 34564162 PMCID: PMC8471739 DOI: 10.3390/md19090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are industrially exploited for obtaining pigments, polysaccharides, or phenolic compounds with application in diverse fields. Nevertheless, their rich composition in fiber, minerals, and proteins, has pointed them as a useful source of these components. Seaweed proteins are nutritionally valuable and include several specific enzymes, glycoproteins, cell wall-attached proteins, phycobiliproteins, lectins, or peptides. Extraction of seaweed proteins requires the application of disruptive methods due to the heterogeneous cell wall composition of each macroalgae group. Hence, non-protein molecules like phenolics or polysaccharides may also be co-extracted, affecting the extraction yield. Therefore, depending on the macroalgae and target protein characteristics, the sample pretreatment, extraction and purification techniques must be carefully chosen. Traditional methods like solid-liquid or enzyme-assisted extraction (SLE or EAE) have proven successful. However, alternative techniques as ultrasound- or microwave-assisted extraction (UAE or MAE) can be more efficient. To obtain protein hydrolysates, these proteins are subjected to hydrolyzation reactions, whether with proteases or physical or chemical treatments that disrupt the proteins native folding. These hydrolysates and derived peptides are accounted for bioactive properties, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, or antihypertensive activities, which can be applied to different sectors. In this work, current methods and challenges for protein extraction and purification from seaweeds are addressed, focusing on their potential industrial applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Echave
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
| | - Maria Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Pascual Garcia-Perez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
| | - Jelena Popović-Djordjević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Milanka Radulović
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.A.P.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (J.E.); (M.F.-C.); (P.G.-P.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.P.); (J.S.-G.)
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Zhang SY, Zhao GX, Suo SK, Wang YM, Chi CF, Wang B. Purification, Identification, Activity Evaluation, and Stability of Antioxidant Peptides from Alcalase Hydrolysate of Antarctic Krill ( Euphausia superba) Proteins. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19060347. [PMID: 34204535 PMCID: PMC8235214 DOI: 10.3390/md19060347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For utilizing the largest source of marine proteins, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) proteins were defatted and hydrolyzed separately using pepsin, alcalase, papain, trypsin, and netrase, and alcalase hydrolysate (EPAH) showed the highest DPPH radical (DPPH·) and hydroxyl radical (HO·) scavenging activity among five hydrolysates. Using ultrafiltration and chromatography methods, fifteen antioxidant peptides were purified from EPAH and identified as Asn-Gln-Met (NQM), Trp-Phe-Pro-Met (WFPM), Gln-Asn-Pro-Thr (QNPT), Tyr-Met-Asn-Phe (YMNF), Ser-Gly-Pro-Ala (SGPA), Ser-Leu-Pro-Tyr (SLPY), Gln-Tyr-Pro-Pro-Met-Gln-Tyr (QYPPMQY), Glu-Tyr-Glu-Ala (EYEA), Asn-Trp-Asp-Asp-Met-Arg-Ile-Val-Ala-Val (NWDDMRIVAV), Trp-Asp-Asp-Met-Glu-Arg-Leu-Val-Met-Ile (WDDMERLVMI), Asn-Trp-Asp-Asp-Met-Glu-Pro-Ser-Phe (NWD-DMEPSF), Asn-Gly-Pro-Asp-Pro-Arg-Pro-Ser-Gln-Gln (NGPDPRPSQQ), Ala-Phe-Leu-Trp-Asn (AFLWA), Asn-Val-Pro-Asp-Met (NVPDM), and Thr-Phe-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Asp-Tyr-Pro-Gln (TFPIYDPQ), respectively, using a protein sequencer and ESI/MS. Among fifteen antioxidant peptides, SLPY, QYPPMQY and EYEA showed the highest scavenging activities on DPPH· (EC50 values of 1.18 ± 0.036, 1.547 ± 0.150, and 1.372 ± 0.274 mg/mL, respectively), HO· (EC50 values of 0.826 ± 0.027, 1.022 ± 0.058, and 0.946 ± 0.011 mg/mL, respectively), and superoxide anion radical (EC50 values of 0.789 ± 0.079, 0.913 ± 0.007, and 0.793 ± 0.056 mg/mL, respectively). Moreover, SLPY, QYPPMQY and EYEA showed strong reducing power, protective capability against H2O2-damaged plasmid DNA, and lipid peroxidation inhibition ability. Furthermore, SLPY, QYPPMQY, and EYEA had high stability under temperatures lower than 80 °C, pH values ranged from 6-8, and simulated GI digestion for 180 min. The results showed that fifteen antioxidant peptides from alcalase hydrolysate of Antarctic krill proteins, especially SLPY, QYPPMQY and EYEA, might serve as effective antioxidant agents applied in food and health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (S.-Y.Z.); (G.-X.Z.); (S.-K.S.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Guo-Xu Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (S.-Y.Z.); (G.-X.Z.); (S.-K.S.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Shi-Kun Suo
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (S.-Y.Z.); (G.-X.Z.); (S.-K.S.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (S.-Y.Z.); (G.-X.Z.); (S.-K.S.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Chang-Feng Chi
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- Correspondence: (C.-F.C.); (B.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-580-255-4818 (C.-F.C.); +86-580-255-4781 (B.W.)
| | - Bin Wang
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- Correspondence: (C.-F.C.); (B.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-580-255-4818 (C.-F.C.); +86-580-255-4781 (B.W.)
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Henriques A, Vázquez JA, Valcarcel J, Mendes R, Bandarra NM, Pires C. Characterization of Protein Hydrolysates from Fish Discards and By-Products from the North-West Spain Fishing Fleet as Potential Sources of Bioactive Peptides. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:338. [PMID: 34199233 PMCID: PMC8231949 DOI: 10.3390/md19060338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish discards and by-products can be transformed into high value-added products such as fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) containing bioactive peptides. Protein hydrolysates were prepared from different parts (whole fish, skin and head) of several discarded species of the North-West Spain fishing fleet using Alcalase. All hydrolysates had moisture and ash contents lower than 10% and 15%, respectively. The fat content of FPH varied between 1.5% and 9.4% and had high protein content (69.8-76.6%). The amino acids profiles of FPH are quite similar and the most abundant amino acids were glutamic and aspartic acids. All FPH exhibited antioxidant activity and those obtained from Atlantic horse mackerel heads presented the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and Cu2+ chelating activity. On the other hand, hydrolysates from gurnard heads showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity and Fe2+ chelating activity. In what concerns the α-amylase inhibitory activity, the IC50 values recorded for FPH ranged between 5.70 and 84.37 mg/mL for blue whiting heads and whole Atlantic horse mackerel, respectively. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of FPH was relatively low but all FPH had high Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Considering the biological activities, these FPH are potential natural additives for functional foods or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Henriques
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading and Biospropecting (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Dr. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.H.); (R.M.); (N.M.B.)
| | - José A. Vázquez
- Group of Recycling and Valorization of Waste Materials (REVAL), Marine Research Institute (IIM-CSIC), R/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (J.A.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Jesus Valcarcel
- Group of Recycling and Valorization of Waste Materials (REVAL), Marine Research Institute (IIM-CSIC), R/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (J.A.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Rogério Mendes
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading and Biospropecting (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Dr. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.H.); (R.M.); (N.M.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading and Biospropecting (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Dr. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.H.); (R.M.); (N.M.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Pires
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading and Biospropecting (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Dr. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.H.); (R.M.); (N.M.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Prokopová A, Pavlačková J, Mokrejš P, Gál R. Collagen Hydrolysate Prepared from Chicken By-Product as a Functional Polymer in Cosmetic Formulation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072021. [PMID: 33916274 PMCID: PMC8037141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken stomachs can be processed into collagen hydrolysate usable in cosmetic products. The aim of the study was to verify the effects of a carbopol gel formulation enriched with 1.0% (w/w) chicken hydrolysate on the properties of the skin in the periorbital area after regular application twice a day for eight weeks in volunteers ageed 50 ± 9 years. Skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin elasticity and skin relief were evaluated. Overall, skin hydration increased by 11.82% and 9.45%, TEWL decreased by 25.70% and 17.80% (always reported for the right and left area). Generally, there was an increase in skin elasticity, a decrease in skin roughness, as the resonance times decreased by 85%. The average reduction of wrinkles was 35.40% on the right and 41.20% on the left. For all results, it can be seen that the longer the cosmetic gel formulation is applied, the better the results. Due to the positive effect on the quality and functionality of the skin, it is possible to apply the cosmetic gel formulation in the periorbital area. The advantage of the product with chicken collagen hydrolysate is also the biocompatibility with the skin and the biodegradability of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Prokopová
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-576-031-230
| | - Jana Pavlačková
- Department of Lipids, Detergents and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - Pavel Mokrejš
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - Robert Gál
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
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Lin WT, Nithiyanantham S, Hsieh DJY, Chen RJ, Day CH, Liao JY, Kuo CH, Mahalakshmi B, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Bioactive peptides attenuate cardiac apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rat hearts through activation of autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. Environ Toxicol 2020; 35:804-810. [PMID: 32141235 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alcalase potato protein hydrolysate (APPH) might have a very important role in therapeutic effects. This study aims to examine the beneficial effects of bioactive peptides (DIKTNKPVIF [DI] and IF) from APPH supplement in the regulation of cardiac apoptosis, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We have investigated ejection fraction, fractional shortening, Tunel assay, apoptosis, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway marker expression to show the efficacy of bioactive peptides in an SHR model. Bioactive peptides significantly upregulate ejection fraction and fractional shortening in SHR rats. SHR rats exhibited higher protein expression of apoptotic markers such as BAD, cytochrome c, and caspase 3. Finally, the bioactive peptides upregulate survival proteins (p-AKT/p-PI3K), autophagy (Beclin1/LC3B), and mitochondrial biogenesis (p-AMPKα/SIRT1/PGC1α/p-Foxo3a/Nrf2/CREB) marker expressions compared with the SHR groups. In summary, the bioactive peptides protect the heart tissues through the activation of autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway and thereby attenuate cardiac apoptosis in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Teng Lin
- Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jia Ying Liao
- Department of Hospitality Management, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Diseases Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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León-López A, Morales-Peñaloza A, Martínez-Juárez VM, Vargas-Torres A, Zeugolis DI, Aguirre-Álvarez G. Hydrolyzed Collagen-Sources and Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:E4031. [PMID: 31703345 PMCID: PMC6891674 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrolyzed collagen (HC) is a group of peptides with low molecular weight (3-6 KDa) that can be obtained by enzymatic action in acid or alkaline media at a specific incubation temperature. HC can be extracted from different sources such as bovine or porcine. These sources have presented health limitations in the last years. Recently research has shown good properties of the HC found in skin, scale, and bones from marine sources. Type and source of extraction are the main factors that affect HC properties, such as molecular weight of the peptide chain, solubility, and functional activity. HC is widely used in several industries including food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical, and leather industries. The present review presents the different types of HC, sources of extraction, and their applications as a biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arely León-López
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad km 1. Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa. Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (A.L.-L.); (V.M.M.-J.); (A.V.-T.)
| | - Alejandro Morales-Peñaloza
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Escuela Superior de Apan, Carretera Apan-Calpulalpan s/n, Colonia, Chimalpa Tlalayote, Apan, Hidalgo 43920 Mexico;
| | - Víctor Manuel Martínez-Juárez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad km 1. Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa. Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (A.L.-L.); (V.M.M.-J.); (A.V.-T.)
| | - Apolonio Vargas-Torres
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad km 1. Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa. Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (A.L.-L.); (V.M.M.-J.); (A.V.-T.)
| | - Dimitrios I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM) National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Gabriel Aguirre-Álvarez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad km 1. Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa. Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico; (A.L.-L.); (V.M.M.-J.); (A.V.-T.)
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Jie Y, Zhao H, Sun X, Lv X, Zhang Z, Zhang B. Isolation of antioxidative peptide from the protein hydrolysate of Caragana ambigua seeds and its mechanism for retarding lipid auto-oxidation. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:3078-3085. [PMID: 30506690 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptides can act as antioxidants in emulsion, although the mechanism involved is poorly understood. Caragana ambigua seed is a potential protein source for which the commercial applications have not been explored yet. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the bio-economic potential of C. ambigua by isolating and characterizing antioxidative peptides from the protein hydrolysate of its seeds for the purpose of protecting lipids from oxidation. RESULTS A novel decapeptide, identified as QITEGEDGGG, was purified by high-protein liquid chromotography based on the enrichment of antioxidant fractions, and its antioxidative activity for walnut oil was evaluated in terms of its effect on oil quality, primary and secondary peroxide formation, oxidation kinetics, and structure of oil droplets. A molecular simulation involving the peptide and fatty acid was carried out aiming to understand the mechanism underlying the prevention of lipid oxidation by the peptide. The peptide effectively scavenged superoxide anions (86.46%), inhibited the rate of linoleic acid oxidation (60.37%) and delayed auto-oxidation of walnut oil. Its inhibition of lipid oxidation was attributed to the protection of phenolic compounds and polyunsaturated fatty acids of walnut oil. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study will help in the exploitation of novel antioxidant peptides of lipids from woody seed-based protein sources such the seeds of C. ambigua trees. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jie
- School of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfei Zhao
- School of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Lv
- School of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- School of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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11
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Garcia-Vaquero M, Mora L, Hayes M. In Vitro and In Silico Approaches to Generating and Identifying Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme I Inhibitory Peptides from Green Macroalga Ulva lactuca. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E204. [PMID: 30935056 PMCID: PMC6520958 DOI: 10.3390/md17040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A protein extract was generated from the macroalga Ulva lactuca, which was subsequently hydrolysed using the food-grade enzyme papain and angiotensin-converting Enzyme I and renin inhibitory peptides identified using a combination of enrichment strategies employing molecular weight cutoff filtration and mass spectrometry analysis. The generated hydrolysates with the most promising in vitro activity were further purified using preparative RP-HPLC and characterised. The 1 kDa hydrolysate (1 kDa-UFH), purified and collected by preparative RP-HPLC at minutes 41‒44 (Fr41‒44), displayed statistically higher ACE-I inhibitory activities ranging from 96.91% to 98.06%. A total of 48 novel peptides were identified from these four fractions by LC-MS/MS. A simulated gastrointestinal digestion of the identified peptide sequences was carried out using in silico enzyme cleavage simulation tools, resulting in 86 peptide sequences that were further assessed for their potential activity, toxicity and allergenicity using multiple predictive approaches. All the peptides obtained in this study were predicted to be non-toxic. However, 28 out of the 86 novel peptides released after the in silico gastrointestinal digestion were identified as potential allergens. The potential allergenicity of these peptides should be further explored to comply with the current labelling regulations in formulated food products containing U. lactuca protein hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain.
| | - Maria Hayes
- Food Biosciences Department, TEAGASC, Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland.
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Hassan MA, Xavier M, Gupta S, Nayak BB, Balange AK. Antioxidant properties and instrumental quality characteristics of spray dried Pangasius visceral protein hydrolysate prepared by chemical and enzymatic methods. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:8875-8884. [PMID: 30715703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish protein hydrolysates are digested form of protein with various bioactive properties where, the cleavages of molecular bonds of proteins can be broken by the enzymatic and chemical process. In this study, antioxidant properties of spray dried protein hydrolysate prepared from Pangasius viscera by using enzymatic (papain and pepsin), and chemical methods (hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide) were evaluated. Among the different treatments, pepsin-derived visceral protein hydrolysate showed the maximum antioxidant activity when used at higher concentrations. Essential amino acids (EAA) and hydrophobic amino acids are higher in papain-derived visceral protein hydrolysate. In pepsin-derived visceral protein hydrolysate, major proportion was contributed by glycine (Gly), glutamine (Glu), proline (Pro), and asparagine (Asp). Higher amount of aromatic amino acids are found in alkali-derived FVPH. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of pepsin fish visceral protein hydrolysate showed better globular structure than the other treatments. It can be concluded that among the different treatments, the visceral protein hydrolysate prepared with pepsin had better overall quality regarding antioxidant properties and papain in nutritional point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aman Hassan
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, FRHPHM Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharastra, 400061, India
| | - Martin Xavier
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, FRHPHM Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharastra, 400061, India
| | - Subodh Gupta
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, FRHPHM Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharastra, 400061, India
| | - Amjad Khansaheb Balange
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, FRHPHM Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharastra, 400061, India.
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13
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Nuñez-Aragón PN, Segura-Campos M, Negrete-León E, Acevedo-Fernández JJ, Betancur-Ancona D, Chel-Guerrero L, Castañeda-Corral G. Protein hydrolysates and ultrafiltered < 1 KDa fractions from Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris and Mucuna pruriens exhibit antihyperglycemic activity, intestinal glucose absorption and α-glucosidase inhibition with no acute toxicity in rodents. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:587-595. [PMID: 29938798 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein hydrolysates from food plants, such as legumes, have emerged as a new alternative to treat hyperglycemia, an important risk factor contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. The aim of this work was to assess the antihyperglycemic activity and inhibition of α-glucosidase, and intestinal glucose absorption, and acute toxicity of total hydrolysates and < 1 kDa fractions from Phaseolus lunatus L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., and Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC., obtained by hydrolysis with Alcalase®-Flavourzyme® or pepsine-pancreatin enzymatic systems. RESULTS In vivo results showed that three of six total hydrolysates and four of six < 1 kDa fractions suppressed starch-induced postprandial hyperglycemia (ED50 range between 1.4 and 93 mg kg-1 ). In vitro, total hydrolysates and fractions, particularly from M. pruriens, inhibited carbohydrate intestinal absorption (from 19.2 to 40%), and α-glucosidase activity (IC50 from 0.86 to 75 mg mL-1 ). Finally, none of the hydrolysates and fractions tested did not show any signs of toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg kg-1 ). CONCLUSION These results suggest that hydrolysates and < 1 kDa fractions from P. lunatus, P. vulgaris and M. pruriens are suitable candidates to treat or prevent T2DM. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo N Nuñez-Aragón
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Maira Segura-Campos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Negrete-León
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - David Betancur-Ancona
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis Chel-Guerrero
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Xu Q, Dou C, Liu X, Yang L, Ni C, Wang J, Guo Y, Yang W, Tong X, Huang D. Oviductus ranae protein hydrolysate (ORPH) inhibits the growth, metastasis and glycolysis of HCC by targeting miR-491-5p/PKM2 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1692-1704. [PMID: 30257387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oviductus Ranae (OR) is a valuable Chinese crude drug and has been reported to have a range of biological activities. Protein hydrolysate extracted from OR (ORPH) was previously found to have immune regulatory effect and anti-glioma activity. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of ORPH on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. METHODS MTT, BrdU, colony formation and transwell assays were used to determine proliferation and mobility of HCC cells in vitro. Glucose consumption and lactate production assays were carried out to measure the glycolysis of HCC cells. The subcutaneous tumor model and lung metastasis model in nude mice were established to detect tumor growth and metastasis of HCC in vivo. The direct binding of miR-491-5p to 3'UTR of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS In vitro experiments showed that ORPH significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and glycolysis of HCC cells. Moreover, ORPH treatment prominently suppressed HCC growth and metastasis in mice. We demonstrated that ORPH effectively decreased the expression of PKM2 in HCC cells. Forced expression of PKM2 abrogated the inhibitory effects of ORPH on HCC cells. Mechanically, ORPH reduced PKM2 expression in a post-transcriptional manner by up-regulating miR-491-5p. miR-491-5p exhibited a similar tumor suppressive effects with ORPH in HCC cells. Moreover, ORPH exerted its inhibitory effects on HCC cells through regulating miR-491-5p/PKM2 axis. Lastly, decreased miR-491-5p level and increased PKM2 expression were correlated with unfavorable clinical features and poor prognosis of HCC patients. CONCLUSIONS In all, this study reveals that ORPH inhibits the growth, metastasis and glycolysis of HCC cells by targeting miR-491-5p/PKM2 axis. ORPH may be a potential effective anti-tumor agent for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China.
| | - Changwei Dou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China.
| | - Chao Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China.
| | - Jiahui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250000, China.
| | - Yang Guo
- BengBu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China.
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China.
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China.
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15
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Huang CY, Tsai YH, Hong YH, Hsieh SL, Huang RH. Characterization and Antioxidant and Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE)-Inhibitory Activities of Gelatin Hydrolysates Prepared from Extrusion-Pretreated Milkfish ( Chanos chanos) Scale. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E346. [PMID: 30248998 PMCID: PMC6213483 DOI: 10.3390/md16100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish gelatin hydrolysates have been shown to possess various biological activities due to their unique Gly-Pro-Y and Gly-X-Hyp sequences. In the current study, fish gelatin was extracted from non-extruded milkfish scale (FSG1) or extrusion-pretreated milkfish scale (FSG2); extracted gelatins were hydrolyzed with different combinations of Flavourzyme and Alcalase to give four different hydrolysates, namely: FSGH1 (FSG1 hydrolyzed with Flavourzyme), FSGH2 (FSG1 hydrolyzed with Alcalase + Flavourzyme), FSGH3 (FSG2 hydrolyzed with Flavourzyme), and FSGH4 (FSG2 hydrolyzed with Alcalase + Flavourzyme). The extrusion-pretreatment process enhanced the extraction yield of gelatin from fish scale. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses showed the extracts FSG1 and FSG2 possessed characteristics of gelatin. Moreover, the physicochemical characteristics of FSGH1⁻FSGH4 were examined by analyses of their degree of hydrolysis, amino acid composition, UV spectrum, FTIR spectrum, molecular weight, and RP-HPLC profile. Additional biological functional analyses showed that all of the studied gelatin hydrolysates FSGH1⁻FSGH4 possessed antioxidant activity dose-dependently as revealed by DPPH scavenging, ABTS scavenging, and reducing power analyses. In addition, FSGH2 and FSGH4 showed higher angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity as compared to FSGH1 and FSGH3. Taken together, FSGH2 and FSGH4 showed high antioxidant activity and potent anti-ACE activity. Due to the potential antioxidant and antihypertensive properties of FSGH2 and FSGH4, further research is needed to explore their possible use as natural supplementary raw materials in food and nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yung Huang
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No. 142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih District, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Hsiang Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No. 142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih District, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University (Yanchao Campus), No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No. 142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih District, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-Han Huang
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd., Sanzhi District, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan.
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Cian RE, Hernández-Chirlaque C, Gámez-Belmonte R, Drago SR, Sánchez de Medina F, Martínez-Augustin O. Green Alga Ulva spp. Hydrolysates and Their Peptide Fractions Regulate Cytokine Production in Splenic Macrophages and Lymphocytes Involving the TLR4-NFκB/MAPK Pathways. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E235. [PMID: 29997311 PMCID: PMC6071126 DOI: 10.3390/md16070235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrolysates of food protein sources have immunomodulatory effects, which are of interest for use as functional foods. In this study, we have characterized the immune regulatory effect on rat splenocytes, macrophages and T lymphocytes of Ulva spp. hydrolysates and their peptide fractions with or without in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and/or ultrafiltration. IL-10 was induced in almost all conditions and cell types obtained from wild type animals. The induction was in general increased by ultrafiltration and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. TNF was also induced in basal conditions. In turn, TNF and IFN-γ production was attenuated by the hydrolysate products in lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A immune stimulated cells. Inhibitors for the activation of NFκB, MAPK p38 and JNK inhibited IL-10 induction in rat splenocytes. The response was dramatically attenuated in TLR4-/- cells, and only modestly in TLR2-/- cells. Food peptides from Ulva spp. genus exert anti-inflammatory effects in immune cells mediated by TLR4 and NFκB. Similarity with the immunomodulatory profile of protein hydrolysates from other sources suggests a common mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl E Cian
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ-UNL, 1 de Mayo 3250, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Cristina Hernández-Chirlaque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Reyes Gámez-Belmonte
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Silvina R Drago
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, CONICET, FIQ-UNL, 1 de Mayo 3250, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Fermín Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Olga Martínez-Augustin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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17
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Coelho MS, Soares-Freitas RAM, Arêas JAG, Gandra EA, Salas-Mellado MDLM. Peptides from Chia Present Antibacterial Activity and Inhibit Cholesterol Synthesis. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2018; 73:101-107. [PMID: 29679358 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, it has not been reported that protein isolated from chia interferes favorably with antibacterial activity, and reduces cholesterol synthesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether commonly used commercial microbial proteases can be utilized to generate chia protein-based antibacterial and hypocholesterolemic hydrolysates/peptides, considering the effects of protein extraction method. Alcalase, Flavourzyme and sequential Alcalase-Flavourzyme were used to produce hydrolysates from chia protein (CF), protein-rich fraction (PRF) and chia protein concentrates (CPC1 and CPC2). These hydrolysates were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (G+) and Gram-negative (G-) microorganisms. The protein hydrolysates were purified by ultrafiltration through a membrane with 3 kDa nominal molecular weight, for evaluation of hypocholesterolemic activity. An inhibition zone was observed when the hydrolysate was tested against S. aureus, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were obtained. Peptides from chia protein with molecular mass lower than 3 kDa reduced up to 80.7% of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) enzymatic reaction velocity. It was also observed that, independent of the method used to obtain chia proteins, the fractions showed relevant bioactivity. Moreover, the intensity of the bioactivity varied with the method for obtaining the protein and with the enzyme used in the hydrolysis process. This is the first report to demonstrate that chia peptides are able to inhibit cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Silveira Coelho
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | | | - José Alfredo Gomes Arêas
- Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Eliezer Avila Gandra
- Center of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus do Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Myriam de Las Mercedes Salas-Mellado
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
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Hanafi MA, Hashim SN, Chay SY, Ebrahimpour A, Zarei M, Muhammad K, Abdul-Hamid A, Saari N. High angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Alcalase-digested green soybean (Glycine max) hydrolysates. Food Res Int 2018; 106:589-597. [PMID: 29579964 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
As a protein-rich, underutilized crop, green soybean could be exploited to produce hydrolysates containing angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. Defatted green soybean was hydrolyzed using four different food-grade proteases (Alcalase, Papain, Flavourzyme and Bromelain) and their ACE inhibitory activities were evaluated. The Alcalase-generated green soybean hydrolysate showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity (IC50: 0.14 mg/mL at 6 h hydrolysis time) followed by Papain (IC50: 0.20 mg/mL at 5 h hydrolysis time), Bromelain (IC50: 0.36 mg/mL at 6 h hydrolysis time) and Flavourzyme (IC50: 1.14 mg/mL at 6 h hydrolysis time) hydrolysates. The Alcalase-generated hydrolysate was profiled based on its hydrophobicity and isoelectric point using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and isoelectric point focusing (IEF) fractionators. The Alcalase-generated green soybean hydrolysate comprising of peptides EAQRLLF, PSLRSYLAE, PDRSIHGRQLAE, FITAFR and RGQVLS, revealed the highest ACE inhibitory activity of 94.19%, 99.31%, 92.92%, 101.51% and 90.40%, respectively, while their IC50 values were 878 μM, 532 μM, 1552 μM, 1342 μM and 993 μM, respectively. It can be concluded that Alcalase-digested green soybean hydrolysates could be exploited as a source of peptides to be incorporated into functional foods with antihypertensive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Ariff Hanafi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nadia Hashim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shyan Yea Chay
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Afshin Ebrahimpour
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kharidah Muhammad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Abdul-Hamid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Kan J, Hood M, Burns C, Scholten J, Chuang J, Tian F, Pan X, Du J, Gui M. A Novel Combination of Wheat Peptides and Fucoidan Attenuates Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage through Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Pro-Survival Mechanisms. Nutrients 2017; 9:E978. [PMID: 28878183 PMCID: PMC5622738 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastritis or peptic ulcer is believed to affect about half of people worldwide. Traditional medications can lead to adverse effects, therefore, alternative nutritional strategies are needed to prevent the development of gastric mucosal damage. A novel combination of two food-grade ingredients, wheat peptides and fucoidan (WPF), was prepared to treat male Sprague Dawley rats for 30 days before gastric mucosal damage was induced by oral administration of ethanol. The serum levels of biomarkers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Biomarkers in stomach tissue were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. In addition, human gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) was used to investigate protein expression by Western blot. WPF could attenuate ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in an inverse dose-dependent manner, with both ulcer index and pathological index improved. WPF increased superoxide dismutase level and decreased malondialdehyde level. WPF also decreased the levels of interleukin-8, platelet-activating factor, and Caspase 3, while increasing the levels of prostaglandin E-2, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and EGF receptor (EGFR). Furthermore, phosphorylation of EGFR and extracellular signal-regulated kinases was induced by WPF in GES-1 cells. In conclusion, the novel combination of wheat peptides and fucoidan attenuated ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats through anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-survival mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Molly Hood
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 7575 East Fulton Avenue, Ada, MI 49355, USA.
| | - Charlie Burns
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 7575 East Fulton Avenue, Ada, MI 49355, USA.
| | - Jeff Scholten
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 7575 East Fulton Avenue, Ada, MI 49355, USA.
| | - Jennifer Chuang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 5600 Beach Boulevard, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA.
| | - Feng Tian
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xingchang Pan
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, 24 Jiuxianqiao Middle Road, Beijing 100015, China.
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Min Gui
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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20
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Inthuwanarud K, Sangvanich P, Puthong S, Karnchanatat A. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of protein hydrolysate from the rhizomes of Zingiberaceae plants. Pak J Pharm Sci 2016; 29:1893-1900. [PMID: 28375103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant proteins have been investigated for their antioxidant activities, but there are still no reports detailing the antioxidant activity levels of plants in the Zingiberaceae family, which are popular food agents and used in folklore medicine. In this study, the crude rhizome protein extract and associated pepsin/pancreatin protein hydrolysate of 15 plants in the Zingiberaceae family were screened using the DPPH method for antioxidant activity. The protein hydrolysate of C. zedoaria possessed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50of 25.7±6.3µg/mL), which was close to that of the reference ascorbic acid (IC50of 22.3±1.8µg/mL). After enrichment by Q Sepharose ion exchange chromatography using a five step elution gradient of increasing NaCl concentration (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1M), the fraction eluting in the 0.5M NaCl (F50) showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 of 41.78±2.9µg/mL), and was found to have weak in vitro cytotoxicity against the HEP-G2 and SW620 cell lines (IC50 of 200.8±11.8 and 241.0±9.3µg/mL, respectively), but not the BT474, CHAGO and KATO-3 cell lines. F50 had an estimated molecular weight by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry of 12,400-12,800 Da.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanok Inthuwanarud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Polkit Sangvanich
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aphichart Karnchanatat
- The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
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21
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Karnjanapratum S, O'Callaghan YC, Benjakul S, O'Brien N. Antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects of gelatin hydrolysate from unicorn leatherjacket skin. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:3220-3226. [PMID: 26493634 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The in vitro cellular bioactivities including, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects of a gelatin hydrolysate (GH) prepared from unicorn leatherjacket skin, using partially purified glycyl endopeptidase, were investigated in order to optimize the use of fish skin waste products as functional food ingredients. RESULTS GH under the tested concentrations (750-1500 µg mL(-1) ) protected against H2 O2 -induced DNA damage in U937 cells. GH also protected against the H2 O2 -induced reduction in cellular antioxidant enzyme activities, superoxide dismutase and catalase, in HepG2 cells. GH demonstrated immunomodulatory potential by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β) production and nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Cell proliferation in human colon cancer (Caco-2) cells was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner following incubation with GH. CONCLUSION These results indicate that GH has several bioactivities which support its potential as a promising functional food ingredient with various health benefits. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supatra Karnjanapratum
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | | | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Nora O'Brien
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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22
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Liu X, Zhang M, Shi Y, Qiao R, Tang W, Sun Z. Production of the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides and isolation of four novel peptides from jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum) protein hydrolysate. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:3240-3248. [PMID: 26494047 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in regulating blood pressure in the human body. ACE inhibitory peptides derived from food proteins could exert antihypertensive effects without side effects. Jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum) is an important fishery resource suitable for production of ACE inhibitory peptides. The objective of this study was to optimize the hydrolysis conditions for production of protein hydrolysate from R. esculentum (RPH) with ACE inhibitory activity, and to isolate and identify the ACE inhibitory peptides from RPH. RESULTS Rhopilema esculentum protein was hydrolyzed with Compound proteinase AQ to produce protein hydrolysate with ACE inhibitory activity, and the hydrolysis conditions were optimized using response surface methodology. The optimum parameters for producing peptides with the highest ACE inhibitory activity were as follows: hydrolysis time 3.90 h, hydrolysis temperature 58 °C, enzyme:substrate ratio 2.8% and pH 7.60. Under these conditions, the ACE inhibitory rate reached 32.21%. In addition, four novel ACE inhibitory peptides were isolated, and their amino acids sequences were identified as Val-Gly-Pro-Tyr, Phe-Thr-Tyr-Val-Pro-Gly, Phe-Thr-Tyr-Val-Pro-Gly-Ala and Phe-Gln-Ala-Val-Trp-Ala-Gly, respectively. The IC50 value of the purified peptides for ACE inhibitory activity was 8.40, 23.42, 21.15 and 19.11 µmol L(-1) . CONCLUSION These results indicate that the protein hydrolysate prepared from R. esculentum might be a commercial competitive source of ACE inhibitory ingredients to be used in functional foods. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory for Applied Microbiology of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Miansong Zhang
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory for Applied Microbiology of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yaping Shi
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory for Applied Microbiology of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ruojin Qiao
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory for Applied Microbiology of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Linyi Institute for Food and Drug control, Linyi, 276001, China
| | - Zhenliang Sun
- Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 NanFeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
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23
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Todokoro T, Fukuda K, Matsumura K, Irie M, Hata Y. Production of the natural iron chelator deferriferrichrysin from Aspergillus oryzae and evaluation as a novel food-grade antioxidant. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:2998-3006. [PMID: 26399367 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deferriferrichrysin (Dfcy) is a siderophore found in foods fermented by Aspergillus oryzae and is a promising candidate for an antioxidant food additive because of its high binding constant toward iron. However, the Dfcy concentration is typically low in foods and cultures. RESULTS We optimised culture conditions to improve Dfcy production to 2800 mg L(-1) from 22.5 mg L(-1) under typical conditions. Then, we evaluated the potential of Dfcy as a food additive by measuring its safety, stability, and antioxidant activity. Dfcy was sufficiently stable that over 90% remained after pasteurisation at 63 °C for 30 min at pH 3-11, or after sterilisation at 120 °C for 4 min at pH 4-6. Dfcy showed high antioxidant activity in an oil-in-water model, where inhibition of lipid oxidation was measured by peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. Dfcy decreased PV and TBARS by 83% and 75%, respectively. Antioxidant activity of Dfcy was equal to or higher than that of the synthetic chelator EDTA. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first practical method for production of Dfcy. Dfcy can be a novel food-grade antioxidant and the first natural alternative to the synthesised iron chelator EDTA. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/adverse effects
- Antioxidants/chemistry
- Antioxidants/economics
- Antioxidants/isolation & purification
- Aspergillus oryzae/chemistry
- Aspergillus oryzae/growth & development
- Aspergillus oryzae/metabolism
- Fermentation
- Food Preservatives/adverse effects
- Food Preservatives/chemistry
- Food Preservatives/economics
- Food Preservatives/isolation & purification
- Food-Processing Industry/economics
- Fungal Proteins/metabolism
- Hot Temperature/adverse effects
- Industrial Waste/analysis
- Industrial Waste/economics
- Iron Chelating Agents/adverse effects
- Iron Chelating Agents/chemistry
- Iron Chelating Agents/economics
- Iron Chelating Agents/isolation & purification
- Japan
- Models, Chemical
- Mutagenicity Tests
- Oryza/chemistry
- Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism
- Peptides, Cyclic/adverse effects
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/economics
- Peptides, Cyclic/isolation & purification
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/chemistry
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/economics
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/isolation & purification
- Plant Proteins, Dietary/metabolism
- Protein Hydrolysates/chemistry
- Protein Hydrolysates/economics
- Protein Hydrolysates/isolation & purification
- Protein Hydrolysates/metabolism
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/growth & development
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism
- Seeds/chemistry
- Toxicity Tests, Acute
- Wine/analysis
- Wine/microbiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Todokoro
- Research Institute, Gekkeikan Sake Co., Ltd, 101 Shimotoba-koyanagi-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8385, Japan
| | - Katsuharu Fukuda
- Research Institute, Gekkeikan Sake Co., Ltd, 101 Shimotoba-koyanagi-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8385, Japan
| | - Kengo Matsumura
- Research Institute, Gekkeikan Sake Co., Ltd, 101 Shimotoba-koyanagi-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8385, Japan
| | - Motoko Irie
- Research Institute, Gekkeikan Sake Co., Ltd, 101 Shimotoba-koyanagi-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8385, Japan
| | - Yoji Hata
- Research Institute, Gekkeikan Sake Co., Ltd, 101 Shimotoba-koyanagi-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8385, Japan
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24
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Li X, Fan P, Zang M, Xing J. Rapid determination of oligopeptides and amino acids in soybean protein hydrolysates using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Phytochem Anal 2015; 26:15-22. [PMID: 25043352 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soybean protein hydrolysates (SPHs), especially oligopeptides, have shown a variety of functional properties, including immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant effects. Soybean protein hydrolysate products have been used as functional ingredients in food, sports nutrition or clinical nutrition. However, the mixture is mostly undefined due to its complex nature, containing peptides and minor amino acids as well as small proteins. OBJECTIVES To develop a specific and efficient method for the identification and structural characterisation of oligopeptides in SPHs, and to determine free amino acids in SPHs in the same analytical run, for evaluation of the chemical profile of SPH products. METHODS Accurate mass spectrometry (MS) datasets of SPH samples were recorded on a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) tandem high-resolution (HR) MS system. Potential oligopeptides were tentatively characterised based on their elemental compositions and ring double bond equivalent (RDBE) values, as well as HRMS/MS data. The analytical method to determine amino acids was evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, apparent recovery and limits of detection and quantitation. RESULTS In total, 186 oligopeptides spanning the mass range of m/z 200-1500 and three major free amino acids could be determined in SPH samples in a single sample injection. Ninety-nine oligopeptides were tentatively characterised. The sensitive and specific instrumental performances also permitted the determination of 19 amino acids with a limit of quantitation of ≤ 0.1 μg/mL. CONCLUSION The HPLC-HRMS technique has proven to be an advantageous tool for the rapid characterisation of oligopeptides and determination of amino acids in soybean protein hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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25
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Lv Y, Bao X, Liu H, Ren J, Guo S. Purification and characterization of calcium-binding soybean protein hydrolysates by Ca2+/Fe3+ immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). Food Chem 2013; 141:1645-50. [PMID: 23870872 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soybean protein hydrolysates (SPHs) can bind calcium in order to form soluble peptide-calcium complexes. However, amino acid composition and structural characteristics of the calcium chelating SPHs are still unclear. This study separated SPHs with calcium and iron immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), and examined the effects of SPHs with different amino acid composition on calcium binding capacity. Three fractions (FFe-1, FFe-2 and FFe-3) isolated with IMAC-Fe(3+) were shown possessing increased Glu, Gln, Lys and Pro content from FFe-1 to FFe-3, and improved amount of bound calcium. Furthermore, the fractions adsorbed on IMAC-Ca(2+) (Fe(3+)) were separated and identified with reverse-phase (RP)-HPLC and MALDI-TOF MS/MS. The results showed that the sequence of peptides from FCa-2 and FFe-3 fractions was DEGEQPRPFPFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Beijing 102206, China
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26
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Meli F, Lazzi C, Neviani E, Gatti M. Effect of protein hydrolizates on growth kinetics and aminopeptidase activities of some Bifidobacterium species. Anaerobe 2013; 22:130-3. [PMID: 23711574 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of a new hydrolizate from poultry feathers on growth kinetics and aminopeptidase activities of eight bifidobacteria compared with common peptones. The growth kinetics results suggest that the experimental hydrolizate could be a cheaper medium ingredient without affecting the modulation of common aminopeptidase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Meli
- University of Parma, Department of Food Science, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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27
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Kancabaş A, Karakaya S. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity of boza, a traditional fermented beverage. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:641-645. [PMID: 23001958 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity of boza and protein fractions of boza separated according to molecular weight was determined. In addition, the effect of in vitro digestion on ACE-inhibitory activity was investigated. RESULTS The protein content, ACE-inhibitory activity and IC(50) value of boza were 1.0896 ± 0.08%, 76.76 ± 14.93% and 7.2 ± 0.28 µg protein mL(-1) respectively. The protein hydrolysate was separated into three fractions according to molecular weight (MW), i.e. MW < 5000 Da, 5000 < MW < 10 000 Da and 10 000 < MW < 20 000 Da. The lowest IC(50) value (0.268 ± 0.07 µg protein mL(-1)) was found for the fraction with 5000 < MW < 10 000 Da (P < 0.05). After in vitro digestion the ACE-inhibitory activities of stomach and intestine dialysates were almost the same (P > 0.05). The IC(50) value of stomach digest was determined as 2.06 ± 0.32 (µg protein mL(-1)). However, the IC(50) value of intestine digest could not be determined, because all dialysates with different protein concentrations displayed ACE-inhibitory activity greater than 50%. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that boza, protein hydrolysate, fractionated hydrolysates and dialysates obtained after in vitro digestion contain bioactive compounds with different ACE-inhibitory activities. Based on these results, boza can be considered as a good source of ACE-inhibitory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Kancabaş
- Instıtute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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28
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Chen N, Yang H, Sun Y, Niu J, Liu S. Purification and identification of antioxidant peptides from walnut (Juglans regia L.) protein hydrolysates. Peptides 2012; 38:344-9. [PMID: 23022588 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Walnut proteins were hydrolyzed separately using three different proteases to obtain antioxidant peptides. The antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates were measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Among hydrolysates, pepsin hydrolysate obtained by 3h exhibited the highest antioxidant activities, which could also quench the hydroxyl radical, chelate ferrous ion, exhibit reducing power and inhibit the lipid peroxidation. Then, 3-h pepsin hydrolysates were purified sequentially by ultrafiltration, gel filtration and RP-HPLC. The sequence of the peptide with the highest antioxidative activity was identified to be Ala-Asp-Ala-Phe (423.23 Da) using RP-HPLC-ESI-MS, which was identified for the first time from walnut protein hydrolysates. Last, the inhibition of the peptide on lipid peroxidation was similar with that of reduced glutathione (GSH). These results indicate that the protein hydrolysates and/or its isolated peptides may be effectively used as food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chen
- Chang Chun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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29
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Zheng L, Su G, Ren J, Gu L, You L, Zhao M. Isolation and characterization of an oxygen radical absorbance activity peptide from defatted peanut meal hydrolysate and its antioxidant properties. J Agric Food Chem 2012; 60:5431-7. [PMID: 22577732 DOI: 10.1021/jf3017173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Defatted peanut meal hydrolysate (DPMH) was purified using ultrafiltration, gel filtration chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography. A tripeptide with strong oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was isolated and identified as Tyr-Gly-Ser by ESI-MS/MS. It was then synthesized to measure its antioxidant properties in different systems. The ORAC value of Tyr-Gly-Ser was 3-fold higher than that of glutathione (GSH), and it displayed a stronger protective effect on linoleic acid peroxidation and H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative injury in rat pheochromocytoma line PC12 cells than GSH (p < 0.05). However, Tyr-Gly-Ser showed negligible DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and no metal chelating ability. The results suggested that Tyr-Gly-Ser displayed antioxidant activity via the hydrogen atom transfer mechanism, and the Tyr at the N-terminal was the hydrogen donor. The ORAC assay was recommended as a reliable and effective method to measure the antioxidant activity in the course of antioxidant peptide isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Wu S, Sun J, Tong Z, Lan X, Zhao Z, Liao D. Optimization of hydrolysis conditions for the production of angiotensin-I converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides and isolation of a novel peptide from lizard fish (Saurida elongata) muscle protein hydrolysate. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:1066-1080. [PMID: 22822357 PMCID: PMC3397462 DOI: 10.3390/md10051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lizard fish (Saurida elongata) muscle protein was hydrolyzed using neutral protease to produce protein hydrolysate (LFPH), and the hydrolysis conditions were investigated using response-surface methodology. The optimum conditions for producing peptides with the highest angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity were the following: enzyme-to-substrate ratio of 10,000 U/g, temperature of 48 °C, pH 7.0, and hydrolysis time of 2 h. Under these conditions, the ACE-inhibitory activity of LFPH and the degree of hydrolysis were 84% and 24%, respectively. A novel ACE-inhibitory peptide was isolated from LFPH using ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-15, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The amino acid sequence of the ACE-inhibitory peptide was identified as Ser-Pro-Arg-Cys-Arg (SPRCR), and its IC₅₀ was 41 ± 1 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanguang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; (S.W.); (J.S.); (Z.T.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Liuzhou Medical College, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545006, China
| | - Jianhua Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; (S.W.); (J.S.); (Z.T.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing & Process Intensification Technology, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Zhangfa Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; (S.W.); (J.S.); (Z.T.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing & Process Intensification Technology, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Xiongdiao Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; (S.W.); (J.S.); (Z.T.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhongxing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; (S.W.); (J.S.); (Z.T.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Dankui Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; (S.W.); (J.S.); (Z.T.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing & Process Intensification Technology, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
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Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the multifunctional properties of flaxseed protein-derived cationic peptide fractions. Alcalase hydrolysis of flaxseed protein fractions liberated cationic peptides, which were separated into two major fractions (FI and FII) by chromatography using a cation-exchange column. Due to their cationic property, the peptide fractions bound and inactivated calmodulin (CaM, a negatively charged enzyme activator protein) with concomitant inhibition of CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase (CaMPDE); this activity was substantially reduced as CaM concentration increased. Enzyme kinetics studies showed competitive inhibition of CaMPDE by FI and FII with enzyme-inhibitor dissociation constants of 0.0202 and 0.0511 mg/ml, respectively. Only the FII peptides showed multifunctional activities by inhibiting CaMPDE, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and renin. Separation of FII peptides by reverse phase HPLC resulted in eight fractions (FII-2 to FII-9) that inhibited the activities of CaMPDE, ACE, and renin but this multifunctional activity was more pronounced in FII-6. From LC-MS analysis, identified peptides present in FII fraction had molecular size range of 330-735 Da, which suggests potential for increased absorption. Potential peptide sequences were identified for each of the HPLC fractions and shown to contain either lysine or arginine as the positively charged amino acid residue. The multifunctional properties of the cationic peptide fractions can potentially enhance their use in targeting multiple symptoms of cardiovascular disease, considering that the excessive levels of CaM, CaMPDE, renin and ACE play important roles in enhancing progression and intensity of chronic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuike C Udenigwe
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Tiengo A, Motta EMP, Netto FM. Chemical composition and bile acid binding activity of products obtained from amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) seeds. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2011; 66:370-375. [PMID: 21901402 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-011-0253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the greatest cause of mortality in the world, and dislipidemia is appearing as one of the most important risk factors. The binding of bile acids (BAs) has been hypothesized as a possible mechanism by which dietary fibers lower blood cholesterol levels. Besides the fibers, other components in the amaranth seeds may be related to this hypocholesterolemic effect. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the BA binding capacity of some products obtained from defatted amaranth flour (DAF) and from the amaranth protein concentrate (APC). The alkaline residue, rich in fibers (8.6%), presented the lowest binding activity for the BAs tested, with the exception of glycocholic acid. The DAF showed intermediary binding activity for all the BAs tested, although similar to that of the APC for deoxycholic acid, and to that of the amaranth protein hydrolysate (APH) for taurocholic acid. The DAF and APC showed binding activity for secondary bile acids toxic to the intestinal mucus. From the results, amaranth products were shown to have the ability to bind BAs, but it was not possible to affirm whether the main component responsible for this activity was the proteins, fibers or eventually some other non-evaluated component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Tiengo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, R. Monteiro Lobato 80, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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33
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González-Espinosa de los Monteros LA, Ramón-Gallegos E, Torres-Torres N, Mora-Escobedo R. Effect of germinated soybean protein hydrolysates on adipogenesis and adipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2011; 66:355-62. [PMID: 22108960 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-011-0263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Germination of soybeans increases the bioavailability of some nutrients. An evaluation was done to determine if germination increased the anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effects of soybean. Soybeans were germinated for 0 to 6 days and protein concentrates extracted from beans germinated at each period. Soy protein concentrates can retain notable amounts of phytochemicals with anti-adipogenic activity. For this reason, it was evaluated the effect of protein hydrolysates with and without phytochemicals in the adipocyte-like cells after 3T3-L1 (murine fibroblasts) cell line differentiation. Cell viability decreased with exposure to the germinated soybean protein hydrolysates during the differentiation stage, but not during the fibroblast or mature adipocyte stages. Adipogenesis and triglycerides accumulation were strongly inhibited by the hydrolysate from soybeans germinated for 2 days (with ethanol-soluble phytochemicals), when compared to ungerminated soybean. Adipolysis increased with exposure to hydrolysates from beans germinated for 2 days (with phytochemicals) and 5 days (without phytochemicals). Germinated soy protein hydrolysates had an effect on inhibition of lipid storage in adypocites and increasing lipolysis, which was improved by changes of the protein and increased phytochemical content due to germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A González-Espinosa de los Monteros
- I.P.N. Departamento de Graduados en Alimentos, Campus Sto. Tomás, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Sto. Tomás, México, D.F., Mexico
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34
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Sampath Kumar NS, Nazeer RA, Jaiganesh R. Purification and biochemical characterization of antioxidant peptide from horse mackerel (Magalaspis cordyla) viscera protein. Peptides 2011; 32:1496-501. [PMID: 21640151 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a peptide having high antioxidant properties was isolated from horse mackerel viscera protein, Magalaspis cordyla. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion was employed to obtain potential protein hydrolysate and was subjected to consecutive chromatographic methods using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) connected to diethyl amino ethyl (DEAE) anion exchange column and Sephadex G-25 gel filtration column. The activity of the fractions was tested against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals and the isolated peptide showed 89.2 and 59.1 percentage of scavenging. The amino acid sequence of purified peptide was determined using ESI-MS/MS as Ala-Cys-Phe-Leu (518.5 Da), it exhibited high activity against polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) peroxidation than that of natural antioxidant, α-tocopherol.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Sampath Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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35
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Gallegos-Tintoré S, Torres-Fuentes C, Martínez-Ayala AL, Solorza-Feria J, Alaiz M, Girón-Calle J, Vioque J. Antioxidant and chelating activity of Jatropha curcas L. protein hydrolysates. J Sci Food Agric 2011; 91:1618-1624. [PMID: 21445858 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidant and chelating activities were determined in protein hydrolysates that were produced by treating a protein isolate of a non-toxic genotype of Jatropha curcas with the protease preparation alcalase. RESULTS 50 min protein hydrolysate with a degree of hydrolysis of 31.7% showed highest antioxidant and chelating activity. These activities were also determined in six peptidic fractions that were separated by gel filtration chromatography of the 50 min hydrolysate. The lower-molecular-weight peptidic fractions had the highest antioxidant and chelating activities, which correlated with a higher content in antioxidant and chelating amino acids such as tyrosine and histidine. CONCLUSION Results show that J. curcas represents a good source of bioactive peptides. This may be important for the revalorization of defatted J. curcas flour, a by-product resulting form oil extraction for biodiesel production. This is especially important in Third World and developing countries such as Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Gallegos-Tintoré
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico
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Huang X, Zhou Y, Ma M, Cai Z, Li T. Chemiluminescence evaluation of antioxidant activity and prevention of DNA damage effect of peptides isolated from soluble eggshell membrane protein hydrolysate. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:12137-12142. [PMID: 21047127 DOI: 10.1021/jf101728d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new kind of soluble eggshell membrane protein (SEP) was prepared from eggshell membrane (ESM). The extraction rate of SEP could rise to 90% by two times, basically accomplishing the complete utilization of the whole ESM. Five proteases were employed as hydrolytic enzyme for the preparation of antioxidative peptides from SEP, and the antioxidative activities of the hydrolysates were investigated using a chemiluminescence method. Among the hydrolysates, alcalase hydrolysates with the highest free radical scavenging activity were further separated into three fractions using Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography of the 4 h hydrolysate (SP1, SP2, and SP3). Among these three fractions, SP2 with an average molecular weight of 618.86 Da possessed the strongest fraction of scavenging activity. The IC50 values of the superoxide radicals, hydroxyl scavenging activities, and protective effect on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radicals generated were 0.10, 0.18, and 0.95 mg/mL, respectively. These results demonstrate that inexpensive ESM waste could be a new alternative in the production of antioxidative peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- National R&D Center for Egg Processing, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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37
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Darmawan R, Bringe NA, de Mejia EG. Antioxidant capacity of alcalase hydrolysates and protein profiles of two conventional and seven low glycinin soybean cultivars. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2010; 65:233-40. [PMID: 20809410 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-010-0185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Soy protein hydrolysates are considered a potential dietary source of natural antioxidants with important biological activities. This study was conducted to compare the effect of two conventional and seven low glycinin soybean cultivars on the antioxidant capacity (AC) of soy hydrolysates. Nine cultivars were grown in Bloomington, IL, Findlay, OH and Huxley, IA. The hydrolysates were produced enzymatically using alcalase and analyzed for AC using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and soluble protein. Statistical differences were observed in the protein profiles and AC among the different cultivars tested (P < 0.05). The hydrolysate from low glycinin cultivar 3 enriched in β-conglycinin, grown in Bloomington, exhibited the highest AC, compared to the other cultivars across all locations. On average, soy cultivars rich in BC and purified BC hydrolysates (36.2 and 31.8 μM Trolox equivalents (TE)/μg soluble protein, respectively) (P > 0.05) had higher AC than purified glycinin (GL) hydrolysate (28.5 μM TE/μg soluble protein) (P < 0.05). It was possible to select a soybean cultivar that produced a higher antioxidant capacity upon alcalase hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudy Darmawan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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38
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Samaranayaka AGP, Kitts DD, Li-Chan ECY. Antioxidative and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory potential of a Pacific Hake ( Merluccius productus ) fish protein hydrolysate subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and Caco-2 cell permeation. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:1535-1542. [PMID: 20085275 DOI: 10.1021/jf9033199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pacific hake fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) with promising chemical assay based antioxidative capacity was studied for in vitro angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory potential, intestinal cell permeability characteristics, and intracellular antioxidative potential using the Caco-2 cell model system. FPH showed substrate-type inhibition of ACE with IC(50) of 161 microg of peptides/mL. HPLC analysis revealed that different peptides were responsible for antioxidative and ACE-inhibitory activity. FPH inhibited 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidation in Caco-2 cells at noncytotoxic concentrations. In vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion increased (P < 0.05) antioxidative capacity; ACE-inhibitory activity of FPH remained unchanged, although individual peptide fractions showed decreased or no activity after digestion. Some FPH peptides passed through Caco-2 cells: the permeates showed 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity but no ACE-inhibitory activity. These results suggest the potential for application of Pacific hake FPH to reduce oxidative processes in vivo. Further studies are needed to assess prospective antihypertensive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha G P Samaranayaka
- Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, 2205 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
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Xue Z, Yu W, Liu Z, Wu M, Kou X, Wang J. Preparation and antioxidative properties of a rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) protein hydrolysate and three peptide fractions. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57:5287-5293. [PMID: 19432452 DOI: 10.1021/jf900860v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the possibility of converting the insoluble rapeseed meal protein into functionally active ingredients for food applications. The rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) meal protein isolates were first digested by Alcalase and Flavourzyme, and the resultant rapeseed crude hydrolysate (RSCH) exhibited a dose-dependent reducing antioxidant power and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability. RSCH could also inhibit the malonyldialdehyde (MDA) generation by 50% in blood serum at 150 mg/mL. RSCH was further separated into three fractions (RSP1, RSP2, and RSP3) by Sephadex gel filtration according to their different molecular weights. The amino acid compositions and antioxidant potentials were assessed for RSP1-3 fractions. All three fractions showed inhibiting effects on superoxide anion generation to various extents. They could also inhibit the autohemolysis of rat red blood cells and MDA formation in rat liver tissue homogenate. The results suggested that rapeseed peptide hydrolysate may be useful as a human food addition as a source of bioactive peptides with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Xue
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, Peoples' Republic of China
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40
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Raghavan S, Kristinsson HG, Leeuwenburgh C. Radical scavenging and reducing ability of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) protein hydrolysates. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:10359-10367. [PMID: 18828605 DOI: 10.1021/jf8017194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatically hydrolyzed fish protein hydrolysates could be used as a source of antioxidative nutraceuticals. In our current work, we have investigated alkali-solubilized tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) protein hydrolysates for their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for their reducing power. Tilapia protein isolate was prepared by an alkaline solubilization technique and used as a substrate for enzyme hydrolysis. Cryotin, protease A 'Amano' 2, protease N 'Amano', Neutrase and Flavourzyme, were used separately to determine their effectiveness in hydrolyzing tilapia protein isolate. ROS scavenging ability was quantified using an isoluminol enhanced chemiluminescent assay in the presence of a) hydrogen peroxide or b) mononuclear cells isolated from human blood. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of the hydrolysates using 2, 2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) or 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), were also investigated. Results showed that, in general, the TEAC, FRAP values and ROS scavenging ability of the hydrolysates increased with an increase in the degree of hydrolysis. Among the different hydrolysates, those prepared using Cryotin were most effective and Amano A2 hydrolysates were least effective in scavenging ABTS*(+) and ROS generated by hydrogen peroxide. However, FRAP assay showed that hydrolysates prepared using Flavourzyme were most effective, and Amano N and Neutrase hydrolysates were least effective in reducing ferric ions. No significant difference was observed among the hydrolysates produced with different enzymes in their ability to scavenge ROS generated by phorbol myristate acetate stimulated mononuclear cells. These results shed light on the in vitro ROS scavenging ability of alkali solubilized tilapia protein hydrolysates, as well as potential nutraceutical use of these hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Raghavan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Food Biomolecular Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Saiga A, Iwai K, Hayakawa T, Takahata Y, Kitamura S, Nishimura T, Morimatsu F. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides obtained from chicken collagen hydrolysate. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:9586-9591. [PMID: 18808143 DOI: 10.1021/jf072669w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, collagen extracted from chicken legs (which are the yellow keratin parts containing a nail) was hydrolyzed with various enzymes, and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity of each hydrolysate was determined. The hydrolysate by treatment with an Aspergillus species-derived enzyme had the highest activity (IC 50 = 260 microg/mL). The fraction of this hydrolysate obtained by ultrafiltration with a molecular-weight cutoff of 3000 Da (low fraction) had a stronger activity (IC 50 = 130 microg/mL) than the fractionated one. This fraction was further fractionated by HPLC, and the peptides in the fraction with high ACE-inhibitory activity were identified. The amino acid sequences of the four peptides were identified using a protein sequencer. These peptides were synthesized to confirm their ACE-inhibitory activities; this showed that peptides with a Gly-Ala-Hyp-Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro sequence had the highest activity (IC 50 = 29 microM). When the low fraction was administered to spontaneous hypertensive rats, a decrease in their blood pressure was observed after 2 h of administration, and a significant decrease in blood pressure (-50 mmHg) was observed after 6 h. Moreover, long-term administration studies indicated that the low fraction showed a significant suppression of increased blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Saiga
- Research and Development Center, Nippon Meat Packers, Incorporated, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2646, Japan.
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42
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Sahlin E. Two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis using tangentially connected capillaries. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1154:454-9. [PMID: 17459399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Revised: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel type of fused silica capillary system is described where channels with circular cross-sections are tangentially in contact with each other and connected through a small opening at the contact area. Since the channels are not crossing each other in the same plane, the capillaries can easily be filled with different solutions, i.e. different solutions will be in contact with each other at the contact point. The system has been used to perform different types of two-dimensional separations and the complete system is fully automated where a high voltage switch is used to control the location of the high voltage in the system. Using two model compounds it is demonstrated that a type of two-dimensional separation can be performed using capillary zone electrophoresis at two different pH values. It is also shown that a compound with acid/base properties can be concentrated using a dynamic pH junction mechanism when transferred from the first separation to the second separation. In addition, the system has been used to perform a comprehensive two-dimensional capillary electrophoresis separation of tryptic digest of bovine serum albumin using capillary zone electrophoresis followed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eskil Sahlin
- Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Cañas B, Piñeiro C, Calvo E, López-Ferrer D, Gallardo JM. Trends in sample preparation for classical and second generation proteomics. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1153:235-58. [PMID: 17276441 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 12/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation is a fundamental step in the proteomics workflow. However, it is not easy to find compiled information updating this subject. In this paper, the strategies and protocols for protein extraction and identification, following either classical or second generation proteomics methodologies, are reviewed. Procedures for: tissue disruption, cell lysis, sample pre-fractionation, protein separation by 2-DE, protein digestion, mass spectrometry analysis, multidimensional peptide separations and quantification of protein expression level are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Cañas
- Dept. Química Analítica, Facultad de CC, Químicas, UCM, Av.Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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Zheng XQ, Li LT, Liu XL, Wang XJ, Lin J, Li D. Production of hydrolysate with antioxidative activity by enzymatic hydrolysis of extruded corn gluten. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 73:763-70. [PMID: 16977469 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2006] [Revised: 06/04/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysate of extruded corn gluten with higher solubility and antioxidative property was prepared. Extrusion and starch removal of corn gluten were applied as pretreatment before enzymatic hydrolysis by Alcalase. The amylase hydrolysis of starch at 70 degrees C for 3 h resulted in the removal of the starch from the extruded corn gluten. The best hydrolysis results can be obtained by conducting the hydrolysis at 60 degrees C with water addition 20 g/g protein, enzyme addition 0.048 Ansen units/g protein, pH 8.5, and 120 min. Degree of hydrolysis of extruded and nonextruded corn gluten reached 39.54 and 31.16%, respectively, under the optimal condition. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the optimal hydrolysate revealed that proteolysis of extruded corn gluten was more extensive than proteolysis of its counterpart which was not subjected to extrusion. The molecular weight of the peptides in the optimal hydrolysate was mainly over 3,710-660 Da as determined by gel filtration chromatography. The hydrolysates displayed good solubility and antioxidative activity. The separation profile of the hydrolysate on an ion exchange chromatography of Q-Sepharose Fast Flow showed that many kinds of peptides had antioxidative effect. A new peptide with antioxidative activity was purified, and its amino acid sequence was Phe-Pro-Leu-Glu-Met-Met-Pro-Phe, which was identified by Q-TOF2 mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-qun Zheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Tessier B, Harscoat-Schiavo C, Marc I. Selective separation of peptides contained in a rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) protein hydrolysate using UF/NF membranes. J Agric Food Chem 2006; 54:3578-3584. [PMID: 19127728 DOI: 10.1021/jf0527605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ability of a charged UF membrane to fractionate the small peptides found in a rapeseed protein enzymatic hydrolysate, according to their charge characteristics, was investigated. The complexity of such a hydrolysate has required the setting up of technological alternatives to isolate the small peptides, to obtain a more efficient separation among the numerous peptide species. A preliminary step consisted of precipitation followed by filtration with a 3000 g/mol molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) membrane to obtain a solution concentrated in small peptides. The possibility of fractionating these small peptides by a charged 1000 g/mol MWCO membrane was investigated. The study enabled us to assess the contribution of electrostatic interactions during fractionation. The effect of pH and ionic strength on the peptide transmission was studied. The ionic strength contribution was considered by studying the effect on the selectivity of a desalting step by nanofiltration on a 500 g/mol MWCO membrane. Peptide transmission was lower at pH 9 than pH 4, and it was the lowest at pH 9 and low ionic strength. Ionic strength had a significant influence at pH 9 but showed no influence at pH 4. The amino acid analysis and capillary electrophoresis revealed that negatively charged (acid) peptides were found in lower proportions in the permeate. The opposite trend was observed for basic peptides, whereas neutral peptides were found in the same proportion in the retentate and the permeate. These results can be explained, according to the Donnan theory, by the existence of attractive and repulsive forces at the membrane-solution interface. Selectivity between basic and acid peptides was as high as 1.90 at pH 9 and low ionic strength. A rough sketch of a membrane-based process is proposed to fractionate rapeseed peptide mixtures. Results obtained were reproducible within 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tessier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Génie Chimique, U.P.R. 6811, C.N.R.S./I.N.P.L., 13 rue du bois de la Champelle, 54500 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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Poulin JF, Amiot J, Bazinet L. Simultaneous separation of acid and basic bioactive peptides by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane. J Biotechnol 2006; 123:314-28. [PMID: 16412527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2005] [Revised: 10/28/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
beta-Lactoglobulin (beta-lg), one of the major whey components, can release by enzymatic hydrolysis different bioactive peptidic sequences according to the enzyme used. However, these protein hydrolysates have to be fractionated to obtain peptides in a more purified form. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the feasibility of separating peptides from a beta-lg hydrolysate using an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane stacked in an electrodialysis (ED) cell and to study the effect of pH on the migration of basic/cationic and acid/anionic peptides in the ED configuration. Electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane (EDUF) appeared to be a selective method of separation since amongst a total of 40 peptides in the raw hydrolysate, only 13 were recovered in the separated adjacent solutions (KCl 1 and KCl 2). Amongst these 13 migrating peptides, 3 acid/anionic peptides migrated only in one compartment (KCl 1), while 3 basic/cationic peptides migrated only in the second compartment (KCl 2) and that whatever the pH conditions of the hydrolysate solution. Furthermore, the highest migration was obtained for the ACE-inhibitory peptide beta-lg 142-148, with a value of 10.75%. The integrity of the UF membrane was kept and EDUF would minimize the fouling of UF membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Poulin
- Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (INAF) and Dairy Research Centre (STELA), Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Laval University, Que., Canada G1K 7P4
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Kopec S, Holzgrabe U. Impurity profile of amino acids? Pharmeur Sci Notes 2005; 2005:39-45. [PMID: 17687893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are produced by various manufacturing processes, i.e. chemical and enzymatic synthesis, extraction from protein hydrolysates, and fermentation. Each process produces a different impurity profile. Since the European Pharmacopoeia wants to replace the non-selective and non-sensitive "ninhydrin-positive substance" TLC test with chromatographic or electrophoretic methods limiting the impurities to 0.1 per cent, the information about the production processes and the related impurity profile is urgently needed from the manufacturers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kopec
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Am Hubland-Würzburg, Germany
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Martone CB, Pérez Borla O, Sánchez JJ. Fishery by-product as a nutrient source for bacteria and archaea growth media. Bioresour Technol 2005; 96:383-387. [PMID: 15474942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2004.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2003] [Revised: 04/05/2004] [Accepted: 04/07/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A highly soluble fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) with an 80% protein (peptide size between 1.5 and 20 kDa) and a low free amino acid content was obtained from hake (Merluccius hubssi) filleting waste [Lat. Am. Appl. Res. 30 (2000) 241]. Assays with Halobacterium salinarum, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were performed in order to test that FPH as nutrient source for archaea and eubacteria culture media. Cell growth was evaluated by plate count, and by monitoring turbidity and nucleic acids content in liquid cultures. Neither cell growth nor generation times resulting from control and FPH cultures exhibited statistically significant differences at alpha: 0.05 suggesting that FPH can be used as an alternative substrate for microorganism cultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina B Martone
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 4 nivel, B 7602 AYJ Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Bargeman G, Houwing J, Recio I, Koops GH, van der Horst C. Electro-membrane filtration for the selective isolation of bioactive peptides from an alpha(s2)-casein hydrolysate. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 80:599-609. [PMID: 12378601 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
For the isolation of the ingredients required for functional foods and nutraceuticals generally membrane filtration has too low a selectivity and chromatography is (too) expensive. Electro-membrane filtration (EMF) seems to be a breakthrough technology for the isolation of charged nutraceutical ingredients from natural sources. EMF combines the separation mechanisms of membrane filtration and electrophoresis. In this study, positively charged peptides with antimicrobial activity were isolated from an alpha(s2)-casein hydrolysate using batch-wise EMF. alpha(s2)-Casein f(183-207), a peptide with strong antimicrobial activity, predominated in the isolated product and was enriched from 7.5% of the total protein components in the feed to 25% in the permeate product. With conventional membrane diafiltration using the same membrane (GR60PP), isolation of this and other charged bioactive peptides could not be achieved. The economics of EMF are mainly governed by the energy costs and the capital investment, which is affected by the flux of the desired peptide. A maximum average transport rate of alpha(s2)-casein f(183-207) during batch-wise EMF of 1.2 g/m2. h was achieved. Results indicate that an increase in the hydrolysate (feed) concentration, the applied potential difference and the conductivity of the permeate and electrode solutions, and a reduction in the conductivity of the feed result in a higher transport rate of alpha(s2)-casein f(183-207). This is in line with the expectation that the transport rate is improved when the concentration, the electrical field strength, or the electrophoretic mobility is increased, provided that the electrophoretic transport predominates. The expected energy consumption of the EMF process per gram of peptide transported was reduced by approximately 50% by applying a low overall potential difference and by processing desalinated hydrolysate. Considerable improvements in transport rate, energy efficiency, and process economics seem to be attainable by additional optimization of the process parameters and the EMF module design.
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Mukhin VA, Novikov VI, Ryzhikova LS. [Enzymatic proteinaceous hydrolyzate from the processing waste of the Iceland scallop Chlamys islandica]. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol 2001; 37:338-43. [PMID: 11443904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Dry enzymatic hydrolyzate was derived from the protein containing wastes of the Iceland scallop fishery using the complex of proteinases from the king red crab hepatopancreas. The finished product contains not less than 80% of free amino acids and the lowest peptides. Leucine, isoleucine, arginine, lysine and aspartic acids account for to 50% of free amino acids. The applicability appraisal of proteinaceous hydrolyzate from the wastes of the Iceland scallop fishery to use them as the constituents in the nutrient medium for microorganisms was conducted. The approbation of hydrolyzate in the composition of nutrient medium on the test--cultures indicated the high sensibility and germinating capacity of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Mukhin
- Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO), 6, Knipovich Street, 183763, Murmansk, Russia
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