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Malekhayati H, Bargahi A, Khorami S, Khataminejad M, Fouladvand M. Anti- Trichomonas vaginalis Activity of Marine Ascidians (Tunicates; Ascidiacea) from the Bushehr Province, Iran. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2024; 48:21-26. [PMID: 38449363 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.96658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the current research is to evaluate the antiparasite effects of compounds isolated from marine ascidian tunicates on Trichomonas vaginalis. Methods Ascidian tunicates after collection were cut into small pieces, freeze-dried, and powdered. The resulting material was subjected to extraction in double-distilled water, ethanol, n-hexane, and dichloromethane. To fractionate the extracts and identify the most bioactive compound, silica gel column chromatography and GC-M/S analysis were used. Results Fraction 18 of silica gel column chromatography of ethanol extract was the most effective against T. vaginalis. The respective IC50, CC50, and SI values for fraction 18 were 28.62 μg/mL, ˃800 μg/mL, and ˃27.95. GC-M/S analysis of this fraction identified a major phenolic compound (2, 4-bis (1, 1-dimethyl ethyl), whose toxicity against vero cells was only 10.15%. Conclusion The ethanolic fraction containing phenol-2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), which has a potent lethality effect on T. vaginalis, may be considered as an antiparasite drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Malekhayati
- Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Afshar Bargahi
- Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Bushehr, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Soleiman Khorami
- Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khataminejad
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Moradali Fouladvand
- Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bushehr, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Schüttel M, Heinis C. High-Density Immobilization of TCEP on Silica Beads for Efficient Disulfide Reduction and Thiol Alkylation in Peptides. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300592. [PMID: 38047532 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Tris-(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) linked to agarose beads is widely used for reducing disulfide bridges in proteins and peptides. The immobilization of TCEP on beads allows efficient removal after reduction to prevent its reaction with alkylating reagents and thus interference with conjugation reactions. However, a limitation of agarose TCEP is its relatively low reduction capacity per milliliter of wet beads (about 15 μmol/ml), making it unsuitable for the reduction of disulfides from molecules at millimolar concentrations. In this work, we tested the immobilization of TCEP to a range of different solid supports and found that conjugation to silica gel offers TCEP beads with about 8-fold higher reduction capacity (129±16 μmol/ml wet beads). We show that it allows reducing disulfide-cyclized peptides at millimolar concentrations for subsequent cyclization by bis-electrophile linker reagents. Given the substantially higher reduction capacity, the robust performance in different solvents, the low cost of the silica gel, and the ease of functionalization with TCEP, the silica gel-TCEP is suited for reducing disulfide bridges in essentially any peptide and is particularly useful for reducing peptides at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Schüttel
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Heinis
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hansda B, Mishra S, Ghosh A, Das B, Biswas T, Mondal TK, Srivastava B, Mondal S, Roy D, Mandal B. Chemically Bonded Pepsin via Its Inert Center to Diazo Functionalized Silica Gel through Multipoint Attachment Mode: A Way of Restoring Biocatalytic Sustainability over "Wider pH" Range. Langmuir 2024; 40:2146-2164. [PMID: 38240266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Proteolytic enzymes play a pivotal role in the industry. Still, because of denaturation, the extensive applicability at their level of best catalytic efficiency over a more comprehensive pH range, particularly in alkaline conditions over pH 8, has not been fully developed. On the other hand, enzyme immobilization following a suitable protocol is a long pending issue that determines the conformational stability, specificity, selectivity, enantioselectivity, and activity of the native enzymes at long-range pH. As a bridge between these two findings, in an attempt at a freezing temperature 273-278 K at an alkaline pH, the diazo-functionalized silica gel (SG) surface has been used to rapidly diazo couple pepsin through its inert center, the O-carbon of the phenolic -OH of surface-occupied Tyr residues in a multipoint mode: when all the various protein groups, viz., amino, thiol, phenol, imidazole, carboxy, etc., in the molecular sequence including those belonging to the active sites, remain intact, the inherent inbuilt interactions among themselves remain. Thereby, the macromolecule's global conformation and helicity preserve the status quo. The dimension of the SG-enzyme conjugate confirms as {Si(OSi)4 (H2O)1.03}n {-O-Si(CH3)2-O-C6H4-N═N+}4·{pepsin}·yH2O; where the values of n and y have been determined respectively as 347 and 188. The material performs the catalytic activity much better at 7-8.5 than at pH 2-3.5 and continues for up to six months without any appreciable change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Hansda
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Shailja Mishra
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ankit Ghosh
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Basudev Das
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tirtha Biswas
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tanay K Mondal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Bhavya Srivastava
- The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Dr. Ambedkar Bhavan, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Sneha Mondal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Dipika Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Main Campus 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Rd, Kolkata, West Bengal700032, India
| | - Bhabatosh Mandal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
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Smenderovac E, Emilson C, Rheault K, Brazeau É, Morency MJ, Gagné P, Venier L, Martineau C. Drying as an effective method to store soil samples for DNA-based microbial community analyses: a comparative study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1725. [PMID: 38242898 PMCID: PMC10798986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil sampling for environmental DNA in remote and semi-remote locations is often limited due to logistical constraints surrounding sample preservation, including no or limited access to a freezer. Freezing at - 20 °C is a common DNA preservation strategy, however, other methods such as desiccation, ethanol or commercial preservatives are available as potential alternative DNA preservation methods for room temperature storage. In this study, we assessed five preservation methods (CD1 solution, 95% Ethanol, Dry & Dry silica gel packs, RNAlater, LifeGuard) along with freezing at - 20 °C, against immediate extraction on organic and mineral soils for up to three weeks of preservation. We assessed direct effects on DNA concentration and quality, and used DNA metabarcoding to assess effects on bacterial and fungal communities. Drying with Dry & Dry led to no significant differences from immediate extraction. RNAlater led to lower DNA concentrations, but effects on community structures were comparable to freezing. CD1, LifeGuard and Ethanol either caused immediate significant shifts in community structure, degradation of DNA quality or changes in diversity metrics. Overall, our study supports the use of drying with silica gel packs as a cost-effective, and easily applied method for the short-term storage at room temperature for DNA-based microbial community analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Emilson
- Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Karelle Rheault
- Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Élodie Brazeau
- Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Patrick Gagné
- Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lisa Venier
- Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
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Gao H, Liu Z, Song F, Xing J, Zheng Z, Hou Z, Liu S. Establishment of Polydopamine-Modified HK-2 Cell Membrane Chromatography and Screening of Active Components from Plantago asiatica L. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1153. [PMID: 38256226 PMCID: PMC10816010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane chromatography (CMC) has been widely recognized as a highly efficient technique for in vitro screening of active compounds. Nevertheless, conventional CMC approaches suffer from a restricted repertoire of cell membrane proteins, making them susceptible to oversaturation. Moreover, the binding mechanism between silica gel and proteins primarily relies on intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which is inherently unstable and somewhat hampers the advancement of CMC. Consequently, this investigation aimed to establish a novel CMC column that could augment protein loading, enhance detection throughput, and bolster binding affinity through the introduction of covalent bonding with proteins. This study utilizes polydopamine (PDA)-coated silica gel, which is formed through the self-polymerization of dopamine (DA), as the carrier for the CMC column filler. The objective is to construct the HK-2/SiO2-PDA/CMC model to screen potential therapeutic drugs for gout. To compare the quantity and characteristics of Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cell membrane proteins immobilized on SiO2-PDA and silica gel, the proteins were immobilized on both surfaces. The results indicate that SiO2-PDA has a notably greater affinity for membrane proteins compared to silica gel, resulting in a significant improvement in detection efficiency. Furthermore, a screening method utilizing HK-2/SiO2-PDA/CMC was utilized to identify seven potential anti-gout compounds derived from Plantago asiatica L. (PAL). The effectiveness of these compounds was further validated using an in vitro cell model of uric acid (UA) reabsorption. In conclusion, this study successfully developed and implemented a novel CMC filler, which has practical implications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Fengrui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
| | - Junpeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
| | - Zong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (H.G.)
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
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Zarouri A, Barnes AMT, Aboubakr H, Thekkudan Novi V, Dong Q, Nelson A, Goyal S, Abbas A. A high-performance polymer composite column for coronavirus nucleic acid purification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1138. [PMID: 38212439 PMCID: PMC10784286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the development of a novel polymer composite (PC) purification column and kit. The performance of the PC columns was compared to conventional silica gel (SG) columns for the purification of nucleic acids from coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, in 82 clinical samples. The results shows that PC-based purification outperforms silica gel (SG)-based purification by enabling a higher sensitivity (94%), accuracy (97%), and by eliminating false positives (100% specificity). The high specificity is critical for efficient patient triage and resource management during pandemics. Furthermore, PC-based purification exhibits three times higher analytical precision than a commonly used SG-based nucleic acid purification thereby enabling a more accurate quantification of viral loads and higher reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akli Zarouri
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2004 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Aaron M T Barnes
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 689 23rd Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hamada Aboubakr
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2004 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 1333 Gortner Ave., Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Vinni Thekkudan Novi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2004 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Qiuchen Dong
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2004 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Andrew Nelson
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sagar Goyal
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 1333 Gortner Ave., Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Abdennour Abbas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2004 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
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Lu Z, Chen Z, Ping H, Chen H, Chen X. A small-scale silica gel column chromatography method for separating carbazole compounds from highly mature crude oil. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1713:464536. [PMID: 38029659 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of carbazoles in highly mature crude oil is quite low, making it challenging to separate carbazole compounds for the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) detection. This study presents a small-scale column chromatography method for separating carbazoles from highly mature crude oil using silica gel as a solid phase adsorbent and a Pasteur pipette as a separation device. The carbazole-rich crude oil from the Pearl River Mouth Basin was selected to explore the impact of reagent polarity and injection mode on the separation of carbazoles. The oil sample was eluted with solvents mixed with different volume proportions of n-hexane and dichloromethane and each eluted fraction was collected for GC-MS testing. The results indicated that increasing the reagent polarity caused the aromatic hydrocarbons and carbazole compounds in crude oil to be eluted sequentially. Most aromatic compounds in the crude oil could be selectively eluted using a reagent polarity ratio of 9:1 (Vn-hexane: Vdichloromethane), with no carbazole compounds. A significant amount of carbazole compounds were eluted in the polar segments of 8:2-6:4, with the eluted carbazoles concentration accounting for more than 98 % of the total concentration. Moreover, the concentration and recovery of carbazoles eluted by direct injection mode were about 10 % higher than those after adsorption by silica gel. The standard deviation of the parameter ratio for the separated carbazole compounds in the three groups of repeatable parallel experiments was less than 0.2 %. Our method is superior to traditional two-step method and C18 column method in separation efficiency and damage to human body. This method can be applied to both highly mature crude oil and other kinds of oils including biodegradable oil. It could be a versatile method for the carbazoles separation and provide technical support in unveiling the geochemical implications of these compounds in complex areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongdeng Lu
- School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Geochemistry and Environment in Hubei Province (Yangtze University), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongwei Ping
- School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
| | - Honghan Chen
- School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; College of Earth Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Sakai T, Kikuchi H, Nemoto S, Akiyama H, Taguchi T, Tsutsumi T. [Analytical Method for Melengestrol Acetate in Livestock Products Using LC-MS/MS]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2024; 65:15-19. [PMID: 38432897 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.65.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The present study verified that it is possible to analyze melengesterol acetate using the existing multi-residue method. Melengestrol acetate was extracted from livestock products using acidic acetonitrile acidified with acetic acid in the presence of n-hexane and anhydrous sodium sulfate. The crude extracts were cleaned up using an octadecylsilanized silica gel cartridge column. Separation by HPLC was performed using an octadecylsilanized silica gel column with linear gradient elution of 0.1 vol% formic acid and acetonitrile containing 0.1 vol% formic acid. For the determination of the analyte, tandem mass spectrometry with positive ion electrospray ionization was used. In recovery tests using four livestock products fortified with maximum residue limits levels of melengestrol acetate (0.001-0.02 mg/kg), the truenesses ranged from 82% to 100%, and the repeatabilities for the entire procedure ranged from 0.5 RSD% to 5.6 RSD%. In recovery tests using 11 livestock products fortified with 0.0005 mg/kg of melengestrol acetate, the truenesses ranged from 88% to 99%, and the repeatabilities ranged from 1.3 RSD% to 5.4 RSD%. The limit of quantification for melengestrol acetate in livestock products was 0.0005 mg/kg.
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Ebrahimi A, Didarian R, Ghorbanpoor H, Dogan Guzel F, Hashempour H, Avci H. High-throughput microfluidic chip with silica gel-C18 channels for cyclotide separation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6873-6883. [PMID: 37792070 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, microfluidic-based separations have been used for the purification, isolation, and separation of biomolecules to overcome difficulties encountered by conventional chromatography-based methods including high cost, long processing times, sample volumes, and low separation efficiency. Cyclotides, or cyclic peptides used by some plant families as defense agents, have attracted the interest of scientists because of their biological activities varying from antimicrobial to anticancer properties. The separation process has a critical impact in terms of obtaining pure cyclotides for drug development strategies. Here, for the first time, a mimic of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on microfluidic chip strategy was used to separate the cyclotides. In this regard, silica gel-C18 was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and then filled inside the microchannel to prepare an HPLC C18 column-like structure inside the microchannel. Cyclotide extract was obtained from Viola ignobilis by a low voltage electric field extraction method and characterized by HPLC and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF). The extract that contained vigno 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and varv A cyclotides was added to the microchannel where distilled water was used as a mobile phase with 1 µL/min flow rate and then samples were collected in 2-min intervals until 10 min. Results show that cyclotides can be successfully separated from each other and collected from the microchannel at different periods of time. These findings demonstrate that the use of microfluidic channels has a high impact on the separation of cyclotides as a rapid, cost-effective, and simple method and the device can find widespread applications in drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliakbar Ebrahimi
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reza Didarian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan Guzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hossein Hashempour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Huseyin Avci
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Production Application and Research Center (ESTEM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center (TATUM), Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
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Zhang L, Yang J, Wang H, Cai Y, Zhao W, Dong R, Liu D, Lu X. A non-inferiority study to compare the effect of silica gel fiber dressing with alginate dressing on healing of venous leg ulcers. Wound Manag Prev 2023; 69. [PMID: 38118067 DOI: 10.25270/wmp.22091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silica gel fiber (SGF) dressing is a novel patch for wound healing. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of SGF dressing with alginate dressing in local treatment of venous leg ulcers. METHODS Patients with venous leg ulcers who had undergone effective treatment of venous hypertension and debridement were randomized to receive wound care with either SGF dressing or alginate dressing for 4 weeks. Wounds were assessed weekly during the first 4 weeks and then every 2 weeks until the 8th week. The primary endpoint was the efficacy rate. Secondary endpoints included ulcer area reduction rate, healing rate, frequency of dressing changes, pain score, patient satisfaction, and treatment-related adverse events. RESULTS A total of 130 patients were enrolled, 67 treated with SGF and 63 with alginate dressing, and the efficacy rates were 89.6% (SGF group) and 84.1% (alginate group). SGF induced a higher "no pain" rate than alginate at week 2 (61.4% vs 43.5%) and week 3 (67.6% vs 53.1%), and a higher "highly satisfied" rate at week 4 (83.3% vs 78.8%) and week 8 (75% vs 59.1%). Markedly fewer dressing changes were required in the SGF group. CONCLUSIONS SGF dressing is non-inferior to alginate dressing in treating venous leg ulcers. It even substantially decreased the frequency of dressing changes when compared with alginate dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Wound Healing Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haofu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Yunmin Cai
- Wound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiping Dong
- Jiangsu Synecoun Medical Technology Co., Ltd, West Side of Chengkou Road, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Jiangsu Synecoun Medical Technology Co., Ltd, West Side of Chengkou Road, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingwu Lu
- Professor, Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Ediriweera MK, Fernando D, Thoradeniya T, Warawitagei DH, Siridewa K. A home-based approach to demonstrate column and thin layer chromatography during the COVID-19 pandemic. Biochem Mol Biol Educ 2023; 51:551-556. [PMID: 37314055 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused several educational challenges. Conducting laboratory experiments was an uphill task during the pandemic. Here, we developed a low-cost and reliable home-based experimental setup to teach column and thin layer chromatography (TLC) using silica gel granules available at home. Powdered silica gel, prepared by grinding silica gel granules, was used as the stationary phase. Iso-propyl alcohol, purchased from a pharmacy, was diluted with water and used as the mobile phase. A food coloring was chromatographically separated using the designed column. Moreover, TLC plates were prepared using powdered silica gel and a drop of food coloring was separated on TLC plates using the same mobile phase. In the article, we show our experiences by providing methods used to implement this experimental setup. We assume that this experimental setup will be helpful for other universities, research institutes and schools to develop online laboratory curricula to demonstrate basic chromatography techniques required for subjects such as chemistry, biochemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meran Keshawa Ediriweera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilusha Fernando
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Tharanga Thoradeniya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilanthi Hewa Warawitagei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Kithmini Siridewa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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12
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Gomez MG, Muchongwe ST, Graddy CMR. Biomediated control of colloidal silica grouting using microbial fermentation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14184. [PMID: 37648736 PMCID: PMC10468516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41402-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloidal silica grouting is a ground improvement technique capable of stabilizing weak problematic soils and achieving large reductions in soil hydraulic conductivities for applications including earthquake-induced liquefaction mitigation and groundwater flow control. In the conventional approach, chemical accelerants are added to colloidal silica suspensions that are introduced into soils targeted for improvement and the formation of a semi-solid silica gel occurs over time at a rate controlled by suspension chemistry and in situ geochemical conditions. Although the process has been extensively investigated, controlling the rate of gel formation in the presence of varying subsurface conditions and the limited ability of conventional methods to effectively monitor the gel formation process has posed practical challenges. In this study, a biomediated soil improvement process is proposed which utilizes enriched fermentative microorganisms to control the gelation of colloidal silica grouts through solution pH reductions and ionic strength increases. Four series of batch experiments were performed to investigate the ability of glucose fermenting microorganisms to be enriched in natural sands to induce geochemical changes capable of mediating silica gel formation and assess the effect of treatment solution composition on pH reduction behaviors. Complementary batch and soil column experiments were subsequently performed to upscale the process and explore the effectiveness of chemical, hydraulic, and geophysical methods to monitor microbial activity, gel formation, and engineering improvements. Results demonstrate that fermentative microorganisms can be successfully enriched and mediate gel formation in suspensions that would otherwise remain highly stable, thereby forgoing the need for chemical accelerants, increasing the reliability and control of colloidal silica grouting, enabling new monitoring approaches, and affording engineering enhancements comparable to conventional colloidal silica grouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Gomez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Samantha T Muchongwe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Charles M R Graddy
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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13
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Shih CH, Ke CH, Hsiao CC. Liquid chromatography on a centrifugal platform for separation and collection of water-soluble dyes. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464211. [PMID: 37480725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
A reversed-phase chromatographic process is developed on a centrifugal platform to separate and collect water-soluble dyes from a mixture. A separation column filled with C18-reversed phase silica gel was used to separate the components from a mixture and the eluate was collected by a series of collecting chambers. The purified components can then be identified and extracted from the collecting chambers. The effects of the silica gel's particle size (7-10, 20-45, and 46-63 µm) and the platform's rotational speed (1000, 1500, 2000 RPM) on the separation and collection efficiency were investigated. Experimental results showed that dye separation could be well performed in the column with smaller-sized silica gels (7-10 µm) under a low rotational speed (1000 RPM). However, for the eluate collection, the high eluent flowrate and long processing time resulted in a convective band-broadening problem in the collecting chambers, which affected the recovery ratio of the dyes. Experimental results showed that the convective band broadening effect can be reduced by reducing the flowrate, shortening the collecting time, and switching the eluent to a different composition. The best recovery ratio of the dyes in the current design can be achieved by using the column with a powder size distribution of 46-63 µm and operating at the rotational speed of 1500 RPM. This platform can process a sample volume of 1 μL and the processing time is about 30 min. Since the only instrument used is a motor, the complete chromatographic process, from separation to fraction collection, can be carried out on a centrifugal platform at a low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsin Shih
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100 Wenhua Road, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Hui Ke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100 Wenhua Road, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100 Wenhua Road, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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14
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Wang L, Wu W, Tian S. Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Four Active Components in Different Organs of Salvia Deserta Schang by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:225-233. [PMID: 35220420 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This method aims to analyze rosmarinic acid (RA), caffeic acid (CA), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) in different organs of Salvia deserta Schang qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Using chloroform-methanol-formic acid (10: 2: 0.5, v/v/v) as mobile phase and silica gel plate as stationary phase to analyze RA and CA at 330 nm. Using cyclohexane-ethyl acetate-methanol (10: 2: 0.5, v/v/v) as mobile phase and silica gel F254 plate as stationary phase to analyze UA and OA at 550 nm. The linearity ranges of RA, CA, UA and OA were 0.1250-0.4375, 0.0145-0.0870, 0.5000-2.5000 and 0.5000-2.5000 mg, respectively, with corresponding correlation coefficients of 0.9938, 0.9981, 0.9971 and 0.9969, respectively. Good precision, stability, accuracy (recovery rates were between 95 and 105%) of the method were determined. The limits of detection and the limits of quantification of RA, CA, UA and OA were determined, respectively, as 50, 58, 25, 33 and 160, 191, 80, 106 ng. The established method is simple, rapid, effective and can be easily used to determine the contents of RA, CA, UA and OA in different parts of S. deserta Schang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwa Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Wenxia Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
| | - Shuge Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China
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15
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Wang Y, Xi X, Wang L, Chen Y. HPTLC-Bioluminescent Bioautography Screening of Herbal Teas for Adulteration with Hypolipidemic Drugs. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:392. [PMID: 36979604 PMCID: PMC10046383 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Teas based on nutraceutical herbs are an effective tool against hyperlipidemia. However, the adulteration with chemical drugs is frequently detected. By coupling bioluminescent bioautography with high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), we developed a facile method suitable for screening hypolipidemic drugs (ciprofibrate and bezafibrate) adulteration in five different herbal teas (lotus leaf, Apocynum, Ginkgo biloba, Gynostemia and chrysanthemum). First, the sensitivity of a bioluminescent bacteria to the analyte was evaluated on different HPTLC layer materials, revealing that the best performance was achieved on the silica gel layer. On this basis, sample extracts were separated on silica gel plates via a standardized HPTLC procedure, forming a selective detection window for the targeted compound. Then, the separation results were rapidly visualized by the bioluminescence inhibition of bacteria cells within 6 min after dipping. The observed inhibition displayed an acceptable limit of detection (<20 ng/zone or 2 mg/kg) and linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9279) within a wide concentration range (50-1000 ng/zone). Furthermore, the optimized method was performed with artificially adulterated samples and the recovery rates were determined to be within the range of 71% to 91%, bracing its practical reliability. Showing superiorly high simplicity, throughput and specificity, this work demonstrated that the analytical method jointly based on HPTLC and bioautography was an ideal tool for screening bioactive compounds in complex biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xingjun Xi
- Sub-Institute of Agricultural Food Standardization, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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16
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Showler AT, Harlien JL. Lethal Effects of Imergard WP, a Perlite-based Dust, on Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Larvae and Nymphs. J Med Entomol 2023; 60:326-332. [PMID: 36545899 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As resistance in economically and medically important ixodids (hard ticks, Ixodida: Ixodidae) to conventional synthetic toxin-based acaricides has become increasingly widespread, research efforts to identify alternative control tactics have intensified. Laboratory bioassays on the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), as a model for other ixodid species, were conducted to assess the efficiency of Imergard WP perlite-based dust versus CimeXa, a silica gel-based insecticidal product that is highly effective against ixodid larvae and nymphs. Each of the two inert desiccant dusts immobilized A. americanum larvae and nymphs within 4-6 h, and killed 100% of the ixodids by 24 h after contact by brief immersion in dry dusts, and after they crawled ≈7.3 cm across a filter paper disc treated with the dusts. Contact by crawling on a dried aqueous film of the dusts, however, did not immobilize and kill the ixodids by 24 h. Similar to silica gel-based desiccant dust, dry perlite-based Imergard WP dust might prophylactically protect cattle and other animals from medically and agriculturally important ixodid pests. Perlite can potentially be stored indefinitely, it can retain its lethal properties for as long as adequate amounts remain on a substrate, and it might be acceptable for limited application in environmentally sensitive habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan T Showler
- USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA
| | - Jessica L Harlien
- USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA
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17
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Showler AT, Harlien JL. Desiccant Dusts, With and Without Bioactive Botanicals, Lethal to Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Canestrini (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in the Laboratory and on Cattle. J Med Entomol 2023; 60:346-355. [PMID: 36734019 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The exotic southern cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), since its eradication from the United States in 1943, made a strong incursion into Texas, beginning 2016. The pest is arguably the most economically detrimental ectoparasite of cattle, Bos taurus L., worldwide. Current R. (B.) microplus control mostly relies on conventional synthetic acaricides to which the ixodid has been developing resistance. Our study demonstrates that commercially available desiccant dust products, with and without bioactive botanical additives, are strongly lethal, when applied dry, against larval R. (B.) microplus in the laboratory, and after being released on dust-treated cattle. Deadzone (renamed Celite 610, a diatomaceous earth product), Drione (silica gel + pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide synergist), and EcoVia (silica gel + thyme oil), each prophylactically prevented larval R. (B.) microplus from attaching to and feeding on stanchioned calves. Desiccant dust-based products are less likely than conventional synthetic acaricides to decline in terms of efficacy as a result of ixodid resistance, and other desiccant dust advantages, including extended residual, flexibility in terms of application methods, environmental, animal, and human safety, and possible compatibility with organic, or 'green', production systems, are discussed. We anticipate that the desiccant dusts we evaluated, and others not included in this study (e.g., kaolin, perlite, and silica gel) will be effective when used with other control tactics in integrated pest management approaches for controlling R. (B.) microplus (and other ixodid species).
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan T Showler
- USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA
| | - Jessica L Harlien
- USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA
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18
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Hou S, Huang ZH, Zhu T, Tang Y, Sun Y, Li X, Shen F. Adsorption removal of styrene on C-Cl grafted silica gel adsorbents. Chemosphere 2023; 315:137679. [PMID: 36586443 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The heat desorption of styrene from adsorbents is impracticable owing to its spontaneous polymerization under heating conditions. However, the feature also brings a potential promoting effect on styrene adsorption. Therefore, it is expected to develop the non-regenerative adsorbents with large adsorption capacity by strengthening the polymerization effect. In this work, C-Cl grafted silica gel adsorbents were prepared by introducing (Chloromethyl)dimethylchlorosilane (CMDMCS) and FeCl2 into silica gel. The C-Cl grafted silica gel exhibited excellent styrene adsorption performance, its adsorption amounts for styrene were 4.67 times and 9 times of unmodified silica gel under dry air condition and high humidity condition (RH = 80%), respectively. In addition, the adsorption of styrene on C-Cl grafted silica gel was almost unaffected by the presence of toluene. The characterization of adsorbents after styrene adsorption indicated that the improvement of adsorption capacity of C-Cl grafted silica gel for styrene can be attributed to atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene molecules on modified silica gel during adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Hou
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianle Zhu
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yiliang Tang
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fangxia Shen
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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19
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Prasetyo E, Toyoda K. Humic acid attachment on chitosan-modified silica gel as an economical, efficient, and selective adsorbent for thorium and uranium removal. Environ Technol 2023; 44:170-184. [PMID: 34384343 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1968038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel, low-cost adsorbent material was prepared by the immobilization of humic acid on a silica gel surface coated with cross-linked chitosan (SiChiHA). The adsorbent was developed to remove selectively of Th(IV) and U(VI) from aqueous solution, including their pre-concentration and separation from lanthanides and high salinity conditions. A simple waste-less humic acid immobilization method was shown to be successful based on FT-IR, SEM-EDS, and zeta potential characterization results. The adsorbent was found to be stable over a wide pH range, with the highest capacities obtained at pH 3.5 (Th(IV)) and pH 5 (U(VI)). Langmuir model calculations yielded a maximum capacity of 30.6 mg g-1 and 75.4 mg g-1 for Th(IV) and U(VI). The adsorption process was found to be rapid (half concentration was removed within 10 min) and best described by a pseudo-second order rate equation. Increasing NaCl concentration up to 2 mol L-1 or lanthanide concentration up to 100 times did not significantly affect the removal efficiency for either Th(IV) of U(VI). Both elements could be sequentially separated by elution with ammonium citrate and nitric acid, respectively. The adsorption-desorption experiment showed that the adsorbent could be used for at least five cycles without significant capacity loss. This study provides insight into the development of low-cost adsorbent with practical functionality, including separation and regeneration ability, the advantageous properties scarcely reported in low-cost adsorbent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Prasetyo
- Graduate School of Environmental Science (GSES), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Research Unit for Mineral Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
| | - Kazuhiro Toyoda
- Graduate School of Environmental Science (GSES), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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Heo KJ, Lee DU, Shin JH, Park J, Lee BJ, Shin J, Jeong SB, Hwang GB, MacRobert AJ, Parkin IP, Jung JH, Choi DY. Transparent, Robust, and Photochemical Antibacterial Surface Based on Hydrogen Bonding between a Si-Al and Cationic Dye. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:53285-53297. [PMID: 36395463 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections can occur and spread through direct contact with contaminated fomites in a hospital, such as mobile phones, tablets, computer keyboards, doorknobs, and other surfaces. Herein, this study shows a transparent, robust, and visible light-activated antibacterial surface based on hydrogen bonds between a transparent silica-alumina (Si-Al) sol-gel and a visible light-activated photosensitizer, such as crystal violet (CV). The study of the bonding mechanisms revealed that hydrogen bonding predominantly occurs between the N of CV and Al-OH. Apart from CV, Si-Al can be combined with a variety of dyes, highlighting its potential for wide application. The Si-Al@CV film selectively generates singlet oxygen using ambient visible light, triggering potent photochemical antibacterial performance against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, the Si-Al@CV film is stable even after mechanical stability tests such as tape adhesion, scratch, bending, and water immersion. In vitro cytotoxicity tests using C2C12 myoblast cells showed that the Si-Al@CV film is a biocompatible material. This work suggests a new approach for designing a transparent and robust touchscreen surface with photochemical antibacterial capability against healthcare-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Joon Heo
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, LondonWC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Uk Lee
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeongcheon38822, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hak Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghun Park
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeongcheon38822, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Jin Lee
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeongcheon38822, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhun Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, LondonWC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sang Bin Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Byoung Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, LondonWC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J MacRobert
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Campus, LondonNW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, LondonWC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jae Hee Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Choi
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeongcheon38822, Republic of Korea
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21
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Sim W, Choi S, Lee HJ, Kim K, Park K, Oh JE. Evaluation of sample preparation methods for suspect and non-target screening in water, sediment, and biota samples using gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Sci Total Environ 2022; 849:157835. [PMID: 35934023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the sample preparation methods were proposed for the suspect and non-target screening (SNTS) using gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry in the aquatic environment. The pretreatment methods were evaluated based on detection rates, recoveries, and screening detection limits (SDLs) for 316 substances spiked into surface water, sediment, and biota samples. The detection rates of the spiked compounds were 92.1 % and 98.7 % by the sample preparation methods for water (solid-phase extraction using HLB cartridge) and sediment (ultrasonic extraction (USE) with HLB cartridge clean-up), respectively. Similarly, USE with HLB cartridge clean-up gave the highest detection rate (87.9 %) for biota samples; however, additional pretreatment method using deactivated silica gel clean-up was necessary for the detection of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The SDL ranges of spiked compounds by the suggested pretreatment methods were 0.01-23.5 ng/L for surface water, 0.02-37.5 ng/g dry weight for sediment, and 0.01-12.2 ng/g wet weight for biota. Although some pollutants, such as POPs had SDLs that were higher than the levels normally detected in the aquatic environment as reported in previous studies, the analytical methods suggested in the present study were satisfactory for the SNTS of most pollutants originated from anthropogenic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjin Sim
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sol Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jun Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kim
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyunghwa Park
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Eun Oh
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Rizk M, Mahmoud ZM, Azab MM. Spectrofluorimetric and stability-indicating thin layer chromatographic methods for determination of cabergoline, a prolactin inhibitor in pharmaceuticals. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 281:121639. [PMID: 35872427 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simple, Economic, and selective spectrofluorimetric and stability-indicating thin layer chromatographic (TLC) with fluorescence detection methods were developed for the determination of Cabergoline, a potent prolactin inhibitor, and long-acting dopamine receptor agonist, in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms based on its native fluorescence. Method A was based on measuring the fluorescence intensity at 338 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The measured fluorescence was directly proportional to the concentration of the drug over the range of 50.0-450.0 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 14.4 and a limit of quantification of 43.7 ng/mL. The TLC method (method B) was employed on TLC silica gel 60 F254 aluminum sheets previously exposed to concentrated (30-34 %) hydrochloric acid vapor. Ethyl acetate: n-hexane: diethylamine system with a ratio of (10: 3: 1, v/v/v) developing system was used. The retention factor (Rf) of Cabergoline was 0.58 ± 0.03. Linearity was found to be in the range of 100.0-1500.0 ng/band. The LOD and LOQ were 25.4 and 76.9 ng/band, respectively. The methods were validated successfully according to ICH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rizk
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Zainab M Mahmoud
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Azab
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
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Farjood M, Zanjanchi MA. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nano-silica/copper plasmon by aminofunctional silane for dye pollutant degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:77656-77670. [PMID: 35687288 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of silica gel nanostructures and loading it with copper specie via a hydrothermal process were performed. The sample is treated with an amino-functional reagent 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), TGA/DSC measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activities of the nanostructures were studied for degradation of methylene blue dye (as a classic dye contaminant) in aqueous solution utilizing visible light source. The results displayed that the sample treated with APTES is much more effective in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. This modified catalyst could eliminate methylene blue dye (50 mL, 18 µg mL-1) within 60 min under visible light. The degradation efficiency was increased by shortening the degradation time to 30 min in the alkaline medium. The pseudo-first-order model well describes the kinetics of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Farjood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41335-1914, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41335-1914, Iran
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24
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Bilgic A, Cimen A, Kursunlu AN. "Killing two birds with one stone": A fluorescent hybrid nanoparticle modified with BODIPY for efficiently detection and removal of toxic Cu (II) ion from aqueous solutions. Sci Total Environ 2022; 845:157170. [PMID: 35820529 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we successfully synthesized a fluorescent hybrid material (f-Silica gel) for the removal and recognition of cations. A Bodipy derivative was used as a source of fluorescent material. The characterization of Bodipy derivative and the modified surfaces were performed by some techniques like NMR, XRD, SEM, and FT-IR. The spectroscopic studies (complex stoichiometry, pH effect, response time) were carried out with fluorescence spectroscopy for the sensitive and selective recognition of Cu (II) ions. The LOD (limit of detection) was calculated as 4.63 μM and the most optimum response time was determined as 25 min. Moreover, the complex interaction between f-Silica gel and Cu (II) ions stables generally in the range of pH: 1-12. f-Silica gel can be also used as a solid support surface to remove Cu (II) ions from the wastewater. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of Cu (II) on the f-Silica gel were determined with several parameters such as the amount of adsorbent, temperature, and pH. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was performed for the adsorption of Cu (II) ions and the maximum capacity was found to be 19. 920 mg/g. The kinetic data ensured that the R2 value was obtained as 0.9941 from the kinetic model (pseudo-second-order). Thus, it is very close to the desired value (1) and the value of qe(expe) is very close to the value of qe(calc). The thermodynamic results support the spontaneous, random, and endothermic adsorption process. All results indicated that the hybrid material can be used as both a sensor and an adsorbent for the detection and removal of Cu (II) ions in environmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bilgic
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70200 Karaman, Türkiye
| | - Aysel Cimen
- Department of Chemistry, Kamil Ozdag Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Türkiye
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Abad MZS, Behshad Shafii M, Ebrahimpour B. Experimental evaluation of a solar-driven adsorption desalination system using solid adsorbent of silica gel and hydrogel. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:71217-71231. [PMID: 35596863 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the world is facing a shortage of fresh water. Utilizing adsorbent materials to adsorb air moisture is a suitable method for producing freshwater, especially combining the adsorption desalination system with solar energy devices such as solar collectors. The low temperature of solar collectors has caused some water to remain in the adsorbents in the desorption process and has reduced the possibility of using these systems. In this research, for the first time, an evacuated tube collector (ETC) is used as an adsorbent bed so that the temperature of the desorption process reaches higher values and as a result, more fresh water is expected to produced. In this study, two adsorption desalination systems (ADS) are experimentally investigated. In the first system, a laboratory experimental setup using silica gel and hydrogel adsorbents is used to investigate freshwater production using each of the two adsorbents. The effect of different parameters such as variable adsorption and desorption time, variable temperature and humidity of inlet air, and variable adsorbent mesh sizes on the desalination process is evaluated. Then, in the second system, an innovative configuration of the solar-driven adsorption desalination system with an ETC full of silica gel is studied. In the laboratory experimental setup, the maximum amount of water produced by silica gel is 0.36 L/kg and by hydrogel is 0.58 L/kg. In the solar-driven adsorption desalination system, the largest amount of accumulated water production, daily efficiency, and cost per liter (CPL) of produced water are 1.518 kg/m2 day, 11.25%, and 0.0699 $/L, respectively. Therefore, this new configuration for an adsorption desalination system seems feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Zarei Saleh Abad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Sharif Energy, Water and Environment Institute (SEWEI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Behshad Shafii
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
- Sharif Energy, Water and Environment Institute (SEWEI), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Benyamin Ebrahimpour
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Hoffmann KM, Kingsbury JS, March NL, Jang Y, Nguyen JH, Hutt MM. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Select Intermediates and Natural Products of the Desferrioxamine E Siderophore Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196144. [PMID: 36234688 PMCID: PMC9571020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIS synthetase family of enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of siderophores is increasingly associated with bacterial virulence. Proteins in this class represent outstanding potential drug targets, assuming that basic biochemical and structural characterizations can be completed. Towards this goal, we have mated an improved synthesis of the non-commercial amino acid N-hydroxy-N-succinylcadaverine (HSC, 6) with an isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assay that profiles the iterative stages of HSC trimerization and macrocyclization by NIS synthetase DesD from Streptomyces coelicolor. HSC synthesis begins with multigram-scale Gabrielle and tert-butyl N-(benzyloxy)carbamate alkylations of 1-bromo-5-chloropentane following prior literature, but the end-game reported herein has two advantages for greater material throughput: (1) hydrogenolysis of benzyl ether and Cbz blocking groups is best accomplished with Pearlman’s catalyst at 40 psi of H2 and (2) purification of neutral (zwitterionic) HSC is effected by simple flash chromatography over silica gel in MeOH. HSC is subsequently shown to be a substrate for NIS synthetase DesD, which catalyzes three successive amide bond syntheses via adenyl monophosphate ester intermediates. We quantify and present the iterative and overall enzyme kinetic constants associated with formation of the cyclotrimeric siderophore desferrioxamine E (dfoE, 1).
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Liu Y, Meng X, Wang H, Sun Y, Wang SY, Jiang YK, Algradi AM, Naseem A, Kuang HX, Yang BY. Inositol Derivatives with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from Leaves of Solanum capsicoides Allioni. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186063. [PMID: 36144793 PMCID: PMC9503535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight new inositol derivatives, solsurinositols A-H (1-8), were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of the leaves of Solanum capsicoides Allioni. Careful isolation by silica gel column chromatography followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) allowed us to obtain analytically pure compounds 1-8. They shared the same relative stereochemistry on the ring but have different acyl groups attached to various hydroxyl groups. This was the first time that inositol derivatives have been isolated from this plant. The chemical structures of compounds 1-8 were characterized by extensive 1D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 2D NMR and mass analyses. Meanwhile, the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of all compounds was determined using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglia, and among the isolates, compounds 5 (IC50 = 11.21 ± 0.14 µM) and 7 (IC50 = 14.5 ± 1.22 µM) were shown to have potential anti-inflammatory activity.
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Abdullah FO, Hussain FHS, Sardar AS, Gilardoni G, Tosi S, Vidari G. Iridoids Isolation from a Phytochemical Study of the Medicinal Plant Teucrium parviflorum Collected in Iraqi Kurdistan. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185963. [PMID: 36144699 PMCID: PMC9502474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines are still widely practiced in Kurdistan Region-Iraq, especially by people living in villages on mountainous regions. Among plants belonging to the genus Teucrium (family Lamiaceae), which are commonly employed in the Kurdish traditional medicine, we have analyzed, for the first time, the methanol and aqueous methanol extracts of T. parviflorum aerial parts. The plant is mainly used by Kurds to treat jaundice, liver disorders and stomachache. We aimed to determine the phytochemical profile of the extracts and the structures of the main components, so to provide a scientific rationale for the ancient use of the plant in the ethno-pharmacological field. TLC analysis of the two extracts on silica gel and reversed phase TLC plates, using different visualization systems, indicated similar contents and the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids and sugars. The chlorophyll-free extracts exhibited weak/no antimicrobial activities against a panel of bacteria (MICs = 800–1600 µg/mL) and fungal strains (MICs ≥ 5 mg/mL). At the concentration of 600 µg/mL, the methanol extract showed moderate antiproliferative effects against A549 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines in the MTS assay. Moreover, both extracts exhibited a significant dose-dependent free radical scavenging action against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical (EC50 = 62.11 and 44.25 μg/mL, respectively). In a phytochemical study, a high phenolic content (77.08 and 81.47 mg GAE/g dry extract, respectively) was found in both extracts by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. Medium pressure liquid chromatographic (MPLC) separation of the methanol extract on a reversed phase cartridge eluted with a gradient of MeOH in H2O, afforded two bioactive iridoid glucosides, harpagide (1) and 8-O-acetylharpagide (2). The structures of 1 and 2 were established by spectral data, chemical reactions, and comparison with the literature. Interestingly, significant amounts of hepatotoxic furano neo-clerodane diterpenoids, commonly occurring in Teucrium species, were not detected in the extract. The wide range of biological activities reported in the literature for compounds 1 and 2 and the significant antiradical effects of the extracts give scientific support to the traditional use in Iraqi Kurdistan of T. parviflorum aerial parts for the preparation of herbal remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad O. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Correspondence: (F.O.A.); (G.V.)
| | - Faiq H. S. Hussain
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abdullah Sh. Sardar
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Gianluca Gilardoni
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110107, Ecuador
| | - Solveig Tosi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Mycology Laboratory, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.O.A.); (G.V.)
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Xie YT, Xiong SH, Bian Y, Wang Y, Guan RQ, Suo XY, DU MR, Liu YP, Fu YH. [Chemical constituents from Artocarpus incisus and their inhibitory effects on proliferation of synoviocytes in vitro]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:4665-4673. [PMID: 36164873 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220506.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The chemical constituents from the branches and leaves of Artocarpus incisus were isolated and purified via silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography as well as preparative HPLC. The chemical structures of all isolated compounds were identified in the light of their physicochemical properties, spectroscopic analyses, and comparisons of their physicochemical and spectroscopic data with the reported data in literature. As a result, 20 compounds were isolated and characterized from the 90% ethanol extract of the branches and leaves of A. incisus, which were identified as tephrosin(1), 6-hydroxy-6 a, 12 a-dehydrodeguelin(2), sarcolobin(3), lupiwighteone(4), 12-deoxo-12α-methoxyelliptone(5), 6 aα,12 aα-12 a-hydroxyelliptone(6), homopterocarpin(7), 3-hydroxy-8,9-dimethoxypterocarpan(8), pterocarpin(9), maackiain(10), medicarpin(11), calycosin(12), genistein(13), formononetin(14), 5-hydroxy-4',7-dimethoxy isoflavone(15), liquiritigenin(16), 4(15)-eudesmene-1β,7α-diol(17), ent-4(15)-eudesmene-1β,6α-diol(18), 1α-hydroxyisodauc-4-en-15-al(19), and guaianediol(20). Except compounds 13 and 16, all other compounds were isolated from the Artocarpus plants for the first time. Additionally, using MTS assay, compounds 1-20 were eva-luated for their anti-rheumatoid arthritis activities by measuring their anti-proliferative effects on synoviocytes in vitro. As a consequence, compounds 1-16 showed notable anti-rheumatoid arthritis activities, which displayed inhibitory effects on the proliferation of MH7 A synovial fibroblast cells, with the IC_(50) values in range of(9.86±0.09)-(218.07±1.96) μmol·L~(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Shu-Hong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Ruo-Qing Guan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Suo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Meng-Ran DU
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yan-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Key Technology for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plant Resources, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China Haikou Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Research and Development, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yan-Hui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resources Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Key Technology for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plant Resources, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China Haikou Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Research and Development, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158, China
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30
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Cheung S, Fang W, Li XQ, Wang R, Yan SK, Jin HZ. [A new isoflavone from Dalbergia odorifera and inhibitory activity of its tyrosinase]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:4959-4965. [PMID: 36164905 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220422.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Twelve flavonoids were isolated and purified from the ethyl acetate fraction of 95% ethanol extract of Dalbergia odorifera by heat reflux extraction, solvent extraction, recrystallization, normal phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI gel and HPLC methods. The structures were identified with multiple spectroscopic methods, including 1 D-NMR, 2 D-NMR and MS. The compounds were identified as 6,7,8-trimethoxy-5,4'-dihydroxy isoflavone(1), medicarpin(2), 7,2'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-isoflavanol(3), biochanin A(4), prunetin(5), genistein(6), pratensein(7), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-isopentenyl-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one(8), tectorigenin(9), irisolidone(10), vestitol(11), and formononetin(12). Compound 1 was a new isoflavone, and compound 8 was isolated from D. odorifera for the first time. The results showed that compounds 1-3 had inhibitory effects on tyrosinase, with inhibition rates of 35.58%, 38.63% and 51.34% at the concentration of 1.0 mmol·L~(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet Cheung
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wan Fang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shi-Kai Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui-Zi Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, China
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31
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Yu X, Zhu LL, Xu C, Su CY, Liang Y, Liu B, Zhang W. [Two new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from hook-bearing branches of Uncaria sessilifructus]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:4650-4657. [PMID: 36164871 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220419.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the chemical constituents from Uncaria sessilifructus and their neuroprotective activities. The compounds were separated and purified from the 90% ethanol extract of U. sessilifructus by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Seven compounds were obtained, and their structures were identified as uncanidine J(1), uncanidine K(2), 17-O-ethylhirsutine(3), tetrahydroalstonine(4), akuammigine(5), hirsutine(6), and hirsuteine(7) by physicochemical properties and various spectral techniques, including UV, IR, MS, and NMR. Compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds. Compound 3 is a new natural product, and compound 4 was isolated from U. sessilifructus for the first time. In addition, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects on oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R) injury in primary cortical neurons in rats. The results showed that compounds 1-7 had different degrees of protective effects on OGD/R injury. The EC_(50) values of compounds 2-4 were(0.17±0.03),(1.70±0.38), and(1.79±0.23) μmol·L~(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
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Salami SA, Siwe-Noundou X, Krause RWM. Catalytic Performance of Immobilized Sulfuric Acid on Silica Gel for N-Formylation of Amines with Triethyl Orthoformate. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134213. [PMID: 35807459 PMCID: PMC9268625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for convenient, green, and practical catalytic methods for the current interest in organic synthesis, a simple, green, and highly efficient protocol for N-formylation of various amines was carried out in the presence of immobilized sulfuric acid on silica gel (H2SO4–SiO2). All reactions were performed in refluxing triethyl orthoformate (65 °C). The product formamides were obtained with high-to-excellent yields within 4 min to 2 h. The current approach is advantageous, due to its short reaction time and high yields. The catalyst is recyclable with no significant loss in catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodeeq Aderotimi Salami
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (X.S.-N.); (R.W.M.K.); Tel.: +27-83-302-3511 (S.A.S.); +27-12-521-5647 (X.S.-N.); +27-46-603-7030 (R.W.M.K.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O Box 218, Pretoria 0204, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (X.S.-N.); (R.W.M.K.); Tel.: +27-83-302-3511 (S.A.S.); +27-12-521-5647 (X.S.-N.); +27-46-603-7030 (R.W.M.K.)
| | - Rui W. M. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (X.S.-N.); (R.W.M.K.); Tel.: +27-83-302-3511 (S.A.S.); +27-12-521-5647 (X.S.-N.); +27-46-603-7030 (R.W.M.K.)
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He J, Lyu R, Luo Y, Xiao J, Xie L, Wen J, Li W, Pei L, Cheng J. A phylotranscriptome study using silica gel-dried leaf tissues produces an updated robust phylogeny of Ranunculaceae. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 174:107545. [PMID: 35690374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The utility of transcriptome data in plant phylogenetics has gained popularity in recent years. However, because RNA degrades much more easily than DNA, the logistics of obtaining fresh tissues has become a major limiting factor for widely applying this method. Here, we used Ranunculaceae to test whether silica-dried plant tissues could be used for RNA extraction and subsequent phylogenomic studies. We sequenced 27 transcriptomes, 21 from silica gel-dried (SD-samples) and six from liquid nitrogen-preserved (LN-samples) leaf tissues, and downloaded 27 additional transcriptomes from GenBank. Our results showed that although the LN-samples produced slightly better reads than the SD-samples, there were no significant differences in RNA quality and quantity, assembled contig lengths and numbers, and BUSCO comparisons between two treatments. Using these data, we conducted phylogenomic analyses, including concatenated- and coalescent-based phylogenetic reconstruction, molecular dating, coalescent simulation, phylogenetic network estimation, and whole genome duplication (WGD) inference. The resulting phylogeny was consistent with previous studies with higher resolution and statistical support. The 11 core Ranunculaceae tribes grouped into two chromosome type clades (T- and R-types), with high support. Discordance among gene trees is likely due to hybridization and introgression, ancient genetic polymorphism and incomplete lineage sorting. Our results strongly support one ancient hybridization event within the R-type clade and three WGD events in Ranunculales. Evolution of the three Ranunculaceae chromosome types is likely not directly related to WGD events. By clearly resolving the Ranunculaceae phylogeny, we demonstrated that SD-samples can be used for RNA-seq and phylotranscriptomic studies of angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rudan Lyu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yike Luo
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jiamin Xiao
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA.
| | - Wenhe Li
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Linying Pei
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center for Garden Plants, Beijing Forestry University Forest Science Co. Ltd., Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Mandal B, Mondal S, Hansda B, Mishra S, Ghosh A, Biswas T, Das B, Mondal TK, Kumari P. Multipoint Immobilization at the Inert Center of Urease on Homofunctional Diazo-Activated Silica Gel: A Way of Restoring Room-Temperature Catalytic Sustainability for Perennial Utilization. Langmuir 2022; 38:6826-6840. [PMID: 35609014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
At present, enzyme immobilization is a big issue. It improves enzyme stability, activity, specificity, or selectivity, particularly the enantioselectivity compared to the native enzymes, and by solving the separation problem, it helps in recovering the catalyst with good reusability as desired in vitro. Motivated by these facts, in this work, Jack bean urease (JBU) is immobilized on three-dimensional (3D)-network silica gel (SG) via multipoint covalent bonding employing dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS) and p-nitrophenol, respectively, as the second-generation silane-coupling reagent and spacer. The homofunctional diazo group appearing at the functionalized SG unit cell makes a diazo linkage at the inert center, the ortho position of the phenolic-OH of the tyrosine moiety, where all of the amino, thiol, phenol, imidazole, carboxy, etc., groups of the enzyme residues, including those that belong to the active site, remain intact. The coupling process, analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and fluorescence spectroscopy, occurs without molecular aggregation in borate buffer at pH 8.8 ± 0.4, which is much higher than the iso-electric point (pH 5.1) of the macromolecule where it becomes soluble. Eventually, the immobilization is maximize and also the native-enzyme activities are restored remarkably. The immobilized catalyst converts urea (0.0625-0.15 mmol L-1) to ammonia appreciably (94.50 ± 1.5%) at 27 °C, and the efficiency is well comparable to that of the native enzyme (93.0 ± 0.4%). The efficiency gradually diminishes, coming down to 50% at the 40th cycle, and the enzyme returns to its native conformation within 72 h in tris-EDTA borate buffer at 27 °C for the next 40 cycles of reuse and so on. The efficiency becomes hindered by 8-10% in every 5th subsequent reuse to reach 50% on the 30th reuse, resulting in room-temperature catalytic sustainability of 90 days. The catalytic performances are well restored in rice extract and coconut water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabatosh Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Sneha Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Biswajit Hansda
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Shailja Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ankit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tirtha Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Basudev Das
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tanay Kumar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Pallavi Kumari
- Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar 812007, India
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Burgunter-Delamare B, Tanguy G, Legeay E, Boyen C, Dittami SM. Effects of sampling and storage procedures on 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results of kelp microbiomes. Mar Genomics 2022; 63:100944. [PMID: 35299055 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2022.100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Brown macroalgae, including the kelp Saccharina latissima, are of both ecological and increasing economic interest. Together with their microbiota, these organisms form a singular entity, the holobiont. Sampling campaigns are required to study the microbiome of algae in natural populations, but freezing samples in liquid nitrogen is complex in the field, particularly at remote locations. Here we tested two simple alternative methods for sampling the microbial diversity associated with the kelp S. latissima: silica gel conservation of tissue and swab samples preserved in DNA/RNA shield solution. We used these techniques to compare apex and meristem samples from Roscoff (Brittany, France) and evaluated their impact on the results of 16S rDNA metabarcoding experiments. Both methods were able to separate apex and meristem microbiomes, and the results were concordant with results obtained for flash-frozen samples. However, differences were observed for several rare genera and ASVs, and the detection of contaminant sequences in the silica gel-preserved samples underline the importance of including blank samples for this method. Globally, our results confirm that the silica gel technique and swabbing combined with DNA/RNA shield preservation are valid alternatives to liquid nitrogen preservation when sampling brown macroalgae in the field. However, they also underline that, regardless of the method, caution should be taken when interpreting data on rare sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertille Burgunter-Delamare
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France.
| | - Gwenn Tanguy
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424 Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Erwan Legeay
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424 Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Catherine Boyen
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France; CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424 Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Simon M Dittami
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France.
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Sulejmanović J, Memić M, Šehović E, Omanović R, Begić S, Pazalja M, Ajanović A, Azhar O, Sher F. Synthesis of green nano sorbents for simultaneous preconcentration and recovery of heavy metals from water. Chemosphere 2022; 296:133971. [PMID: 35182527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The wastewater containing Cd, Co, Fe, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni and Pb ions are as trace metal pollutants. Water pollution caused by increment in industrialization and overpopulation reveals a major threat to human health. Adsorption is recognized as the effective and optimum method to remove water contaminations. The amorphous and porous form of silicon dioxide is silica gel widely used as an adsorbent. It can absorb moisture with traces of the target heavy metal ions. This research elaborates a simplistic, and reliable preconcentration column method highly developed for the determination of Cd2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Pb2+ and Ni2+ ions in model solutions and real water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The proposed operation depends on the retention of the target ions from buffered model solutions on a silica gel filled up a column modified with vanadium(V) oxide sorbent followed by their desorption. SiO2/V2O5 is an efficient adsorbent due to its low cost, eco-friendly and high availability. The adsorbent morphological and interfacial physicochemical characterization was done using scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The 2.92 value achieved for the point of zero charges supports the experimentation for the heavy metal efficient adsorption. Quantitative recoveries were achieved at pH 10 with 50 mg of SiO2/V2O5 mass and adsorption capacity ranged from 28.96 μmol/g (Pb) to 214.86 μmol/g (Fe) with 1114.79 μmol/g in total. Simultaneous preconcentration effect was determined by the interference cations on the sorbent. The LOD varies from 8.42 to 50.56 μg/L and LOQ is achieved from 20.06 to 72.41 μg/L of 15 blank solutions. The developed preconcentration procedure was adequately implemented for the simultaneous analysis of eight metallic ions content in local river samples. The developed vanadium(V) oxide incorporated with silica gel is practicable as an economical and effective adsorbent to eliminate metallic ions from a liquid solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Sulejmanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, Sarajevo 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Mustafa Memić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, Sarajevo 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Elma Šehović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, Sarajevo 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Rasim Omanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, Sarajevo 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sabina Begić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, Sarajevo 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirha Pazalja
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Atifa Ajanović
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 90, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ofaira Azhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan; International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, United Kingdom
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
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Lu CW, Kao CM, Le NN, Lin CC, Chen SC. Long-term dechlorination of cis-DCE to ethene with co-immobilized Dehalococcoides mccartyi BAV1 and Clostridium butyricum in silica gel system. J Hazard Mater 2022; 430:128355. [PMID: 35149497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chloroethenes are common groundwater pollutants, and have been classified as toxic and carcinogenic to humans. The metabolites of chloroethenes, cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) commonly accumulate in groundwater due to their recalcitrant reductive dechlorination under anaerobic conditions. Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc) is the key anaerobic bacteria for complete dechlorination of chloroethene, and Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) can provide hydrogen for supporting the growth of Dhc. In this study, we co-immobilized Dhc strain BAV1 and C. butyricum in a silica gel to determine the ability of the complete dechlorination of cis-DCE. Our results showed that our immobilized system could protect BAV1 from a high concentration (8 mM) of cis-DCE to carry out complete dechlorination. After the long-term use of our immobilized system, the activity of complete dechlorination was maintained for more than 180 consecutive days. Furthermore, we applied the immobilized system to remediate contaminated groundwater and uncovered the complete dechlorination of cis-DCE into ethene, a non-toxic product, within 28 days. Therefore, this novel co-immobilized system could serve a solution for bioremediation at chloroethene-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Nhu Nguyet Le
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Ching Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Ching Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan.
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Kadziński L, Łyżeń R, Bury K, Banecki B. Modeling and Optimization of β-Galactosidase Entrapping in Polydimethylsiloxane-Modified Silica Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105395. [PMID: 35628204 PMCID: PMC9141798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein entrapment has multiple applications in enzymatic hydrolysis, drug delivery, etc. Here, we report the studies that successfully utilized the Box–Behnken design to model and optimize the parameters of β-galactosidase entrapment in sol–gel-derived silica composites. We have also demonstrated the influence of polymer–polydimethylsiloxane as a composite modifying agent on the activity of entrapped enzymes. We have determined how different sol-gel process parameters influence the activity of entrapped enzymes. The highest impact on β-galactosidase activity was exerted by the water:tetramethoxysilane ratio, followed by polydimethylsiloxane content. Optimized synthesis parameters have been utilized to obtain a composite with maximum β-galactosidase activity. Performed porosity studies have shown that the addition of polydimethylsiloxane increased the pore diameter. Microscopy studies demonstrated that polydimethylsiloxane-modified composites are softer and less rough. Studies of β-galactosidase activity using the o-NPG test showed statistically significant shifts in the enzyme temperature and pH profiles compared to the soluble form. An improvement in the reusability of the enzyme and a significant increase in the thermal stability was also observed. When lactose was used, a strong correlation was observed between the substrate concentration and the type of the catalyzed reaction. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the yields and rates of both lactose hydrolysis and galactooligosaccharides formation were correlated with reaction temperature and with the presence of polydimethylsiloxane. All these findings provide the opportunity for industrial use of optimized PDMS-modified silica composites in lactose elimination from dairy products, e.g., milk or whey.
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Ma ZB, Ni GD, Sun YL, Chen J, Zheng ZJ, Cui XJ, Wang YJ. [Design and application of a new type of fascia stretching cup]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2022; 42:457-458. [PMID: 35403410 DOI: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.20210629-k0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to comprehensively stretch human fascia, adjust the biomechanical balance of fascia system and promote the recovery of physiological function of fascia, a new type of fascia stretching cup is designed. This design is composed of two or more silica gel cups and elastic stretching belts between cups. The bottom surface of the silica gel cup has an annular exhaust groove, which can increase the adsorption capacity of the cup to the skin. In the meanwhile, a removable magnet is placed in the groove at the top of each silica gel cup to assist analgesia. This design is suitable for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic tendon and bone diseases with imbalance of meridians and tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Bin Ma
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina of Beijing Hospital, National Geriatric Center, Institute of Geriatrics of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 201203
| | - Guo-Dong Ni
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina of Beijing Hospital, National Geriatric Center, Institute of Geriatrics of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yue-Li Sun
- Institute of Spinal Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200032
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of CM
| | - Zhi-Jian Zheng
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina of Beijing Hospital, National Geriatric Center, Institute of Geriatrics of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xue-Jun Cui
- Institute of Spinal Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200032
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Institute of Spinal Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200032; Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 201203
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40
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Shi H, Zhang L. Maltose-functionalized HILIC stationary phase silica gel based on self-assembled oligopeptides and its application for the separation of polar compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3917-3925. [PMID: 35352163 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, carbonyldiimidazole was used to bond maltose-modified oligopeptides (Ala-Glu-Ala-Glu-Ala-Lys-Ala-Lys) to the surface of silica spheres for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, BET technique, and water contact angle measurement results confirmed the successful immobilization of the obtained material. Compared with the conventional method for preparing carbohydrate stationary phases, this method involves simpler steps and less time-consuming processes. The experimental results proved that the retention mechanism of the maltose-based HILIC column matched the typical HILIC retention mechanism. The column showed high separation efficiency and stability toward the separation of polar compounds such as amino acids, bases, nucleosides, water-soluble vitamins, and salicylic acid and its analogs. The column achieved high selectivity toward oligosaccharide separation. In addition, this efficient analysis demonstrates the applicability of the as-prepared material in the field of food inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Shi
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Hagawa H, Imai K, Gao Z, Taniguchi M, Shimizu K, Honda H. Selective concentration of antimicrobial peptides to heat-treated porous silica gel using adsorption/desorption. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 133:161-167. [PMID: 34848124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat-treated porous silica gel (HT silica gel) previously developed by our group has selectively adsorbed cationic peptides at a pH of 7. Therefore, we focused on the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as bioactive peptides (BPs). First, 32 AMPs and 32 randomly designed peptides were generated using Fmoc solid synthesis, and their adsorption ratio to HT-silica gel was investigated. Thirty two AMPs showed a relatively higher adsorption ratio of 58.8% compared to that of randomly designed peptides, which was 35.3%. Desorption conditions were investigated using Amyl-1-18 antimicrobial peptides. Next, pepsin hydrolysate from rice endosperm protein (REP) powder was prepared by ourselves. The REP hydrolysate containing dry matter (7.5 mg) was applied to the adsorption/desorption (AD) procedure using HT silica gel to obtain 1.6 mg of AD hydrolysate. When the two hydrolysates were subjected to mass spectrometry, 305 concentrated peptides were obtained. In total, 26 peptides with high content and high enrichment ratios were listed and synthesized. When the antimicrobial activity of these 26 peptides was evaluated using Cutibacterium acnes, five peptides consisting of 12-27 amino acids were identified as novel AMPs. Two of these peptides, which were derived from rice glutelin, showed antimicrobial activity against all four microbes, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus mutans. In the present study, we showed that AMPs could be easily enriched from protein hydrolysate using HT silica gel. The adsorption/desorption procedure using HT silica gel was confirmed to be a useful tool for convenient BP separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Hagawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kento Imai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Masayuki Taniguchi
- Department of Liberal Studies, Niigata Seiryo University Junior College, 1-5939 Suido-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8121, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimizu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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Tang Y, Friesen JB, Nikolić DS, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Silica Gel-mediated Oxidation of Prenyl Motifs Generates Natural Product-Like Artifacts. Planta Med 2021; 87:998-1007. [PMID: 33975359 PMCID: PMC8867998 DOI: 10.1055/a-1472-6164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prenyl moieties are commonly encountered in the natural products of terpenoid and mixed biosynthetic origin. The reactivity of unsaturated prenyl motifs is less recognized and shown here to affect the acyclic Rhodiola rosea monoterpene glycoside, kenposide A (8: ), which oxidizes readily on silica gel when exposed to air. The major degradation product mediated under these conditions was a new aldehyde, 9: . Exhibiting a shortened carbon skeleton formed through the breakdown of the terminal isopropenyl group, 9: is prone to acetalization in protic solvents. Further investigation of minor degradation products of both 8: and 8-prenylapigenin (8-PA, 12: ), a flavonoid with an ortho-prenyl substituent, revealed that the aldehyde formation was likely realized through epoxidation and subsequent cleavage at the prenyl olefinic bond. Employment of 1H NMR full spin analysis (HiFSA) achieved the assignment of all chemical shifts and coupling constants of the investigated terpenoids and facilitated the structural validation of the degradation product, 9: . This study indicates that prenylated compounds are generally susceptible to oxidative degradation, particularly in the presence of catalytic mediators, but also under physiological conditions. Such oxidative artifact/metabolite formation leads to a series of compounds with prenyl-derived (cyclic) partial structures that are analogous to species formed during Phase I metabolism in vivo. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies should take precautions or at least consider the impact of (unavoidable) exposure of prenyl-containing compounds to catalytic and/or oxidative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - J. Brent Friesen
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
- Physical Sciences Department, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, United States
| | - Dejan S. Nikolić
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - David C. Lankin
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Pharmacognosy Institute, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
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Pisharody L, Suresh S, Mukherji S. Development and evaluation of DEAE silica gel columns for simultaneous concentration of coliphages and rotavirus from natural water samples. Water Res 2021; 203:117508. [PMID: 34375933 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Enteric viruses are commonly present in water bodies in regions with poor sanitation. Although the occurrence of these viruses poses a health risk they are difficult to quantify due to their low concentration and they may remain undetected in the absence of adequate preconcentration. The present study reports the synthesis and utilization of DEAE silica gel (DSiG) as an adsorbent for virus concentration. Two coliphages, MS2 and SUSP2, and an enteric virus, rotavirus A (RVA) were chosen for examining the preconcentration efficiency of DSiG columns. Studies conducted at a low flow rate of 5 mL/min yielded good removal of viruses through adsorption. Studies at a higher flow rate of 50 mL/min followed by elution with optimized eluents yielded a high recovery of MS2 and RVA even when they were present at low concentration (0.01 copy/mL). The eluent Na(1.5 M)-Tw(2%)-G3X (glycine 3X broth, 1.5 M NaCl, 2% Tween, pH 10.2) showed maximum elution of RVA and MS2. Optimal SUSP2 recovery was observed on employing an eluent composed of 1.5 M NaCl, 3% Tween, 0.05 M KH2PO4 at pH 9.2. Subsequently, both the eluents were successively applied for elution of the adsorbed viruses. This method was applied for virus preconcentration from lake water in the monsoon and winter seasons. The DSiG column could achieve adequate preconcentration for all the three viruses, i.e., SUSP2, MS2, and RVA, even when they were present at very low concentration and the recovery achieved was comparable to that achieved with ultracentrifugation while the processing time required for handling large volumes of water was considerably lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Pisharody
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076, India
| | - Sumathi Suresh
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076, India
| | - Suparna Mukherji
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076, India.
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Dong Z, Deblonde G, Middleton A, Hu D, Dohnalkova A, Kovarik L, Qafoku O, Shutthanandan V, Jin H, Hsu-Kim H, Theaker N, Jiao Y, Park D. Microbe-Encapsulated Silica Gel Biosorbents for Selective Extraction of Scandium from Coal Byproducts. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:6320-6328. [PMID: 33797230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Scandium (Sc) has great potential for use in aerospace and clean energy applications, but its supply is currently limited by a lack of commercially viable deposits and the environmental burden of its production. In this work, a biosorption-based flow-through process was developed for extraction of Sc from low-grade feedstocks. A microbe-encapsulated silica gel (MESG) biosorbent was synthesized through sol-gel encapsulation of Arthrobacter nicotianae, a bacterium that selectively adsorbs Sc. Microscopic imaging revealed a high cell loading and macroporous structure, which enabled rapid mass transport and adsorption/desorption of metal ions. The biosorbent displayed high Sc selectivity against lanthanides and major base metals, with the exception of Fe(III). Following pH adjustment to remove Fe(III) from an acid leachate prepared from lignite coal, a packed-bed column loaded with the MESG biosorbent exhibited near-complete Sc separation from lanthanides; the column eluate had a Sc enrichment factor of 10.9, with Sc constituting 96.4% of the total rare earth elements. The MESG biosorbent exhibited no significant degradation with regard to both adsorption capacity and physical structure after 10 adsorption/desorption cycles. Overall, our results suggest that the MESG biosorbent offers an effective and green alternative to conventional liquid-liquid extraction for Sc recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Dong
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Gauthier Deblonde
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Andrew Middleton
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Dehong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Alice Dohnalkova
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Libor Kovarik
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Odeta Qafoku
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Vaithiyalingam Shutthanandan
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Hongyue Jin
- Department of System and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Nolan Theaker
- Institute for Energy Studies, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Yongqin Jiao
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Dan Park
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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Guardado ALP, Druon-Bocquet S, Belleville MP, Sanchez-Marcano J. A novel process for the covalent immobilization of laccases on silica gel and its application for the elimination of pharmaceutical micropollutants. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:25579-25593. [PMID: 33459981 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, pharmaceutical micropollutant degradation by laccase immobilized on silica through an innovative process is proposed. The influence of different parameters on the immobilization conditions was evaluated by a 23 full factorial design, and parameters leading to the highest activity were identified. Under these conditions, laccase activity reached 14 ± 2 U g-1 of silica with a protein immobilization yield of 35%. The biocatalyst characterization did not show any change in pH and thermal stabilities but enhanced the long-term storage of laccases. Immobilized T. versicolor laccases were then tested to remove four pharmaceutical micropollutants (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, carbamazepine, and sulfamethoxazole) in the presence of redox mediators (syringaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, and ABTS). High removal yields (50-100% according to the pollutant) were obtained within 4 h of treatment due to the synergistic effect of laccase-mediator biotransformation and adsorption on the support. Overall, the pharmaceuticals' removal efficiency was highly influenced by their physicochemical properties; however, the presence of redox mediators impacted not only the oxidation mechanism but also the interactions between the biocatalyst and micropollutants. Finally, the reusability of the biocatalyst was proved during 7 degradation cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Parra Guardado
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM - UMR 5635, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Druon-Bocquet
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM - UMR 5635, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Belleville
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM - UMR 5635, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jose Sanchez-Marcano
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM - UMR 5635, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Uppa Y, Taweetanavanich T, Kaewtong C, Niamsa N. Immobilization of unmodified aminoanthraquinone derivatives onto silica gel surface for solid-phase extraction and pre-concentration of Pb(II). Environ Technol 2021; 42:1252-1259. [PMID: 31482766 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1663937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this project, silica gel chemically bonded with derivatives of aminoanthraquinone were synthesized and characterized. Adsorbents 1,8-aminoanthraquinone-3-aminopropylsilica (SL1), 2-aminoanthraquinone-3-aminopropylsilica (SL2) and 1-aminoanthraquinone-3-aminopropylsilica (SL3) were produced and tested to adsorb heavy metal solutions including Pb(II) Cu(II) Zn(II) Cd(II) and Co(II). The concentrations of the adsorbed heavy metals solution were calculated by atomic adsorption spectrophotometry employing a batch method. The results showed that speed at 200 rpm for 30 min with pH 9 is the optimum condition for heavy metal adsorption. The result also indicated that adsorbent SL3 is the best adsorbent for Pb(II) at 82.5%, and the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was lower than 6%. The method detection limit was 1.1 µg L-1 for Pb2+. In addition, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation results suggested that the adsorbent sensor formed stable complexes with Pb(II) through a large number of cation-dipole interactions. The method was also applied with satisfactory results to the pre-concentration of trace Pb(II) in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwapon Uppa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khonkaen, Thailand
| | - Thianthan Taweetanavanich
- Nanotechnology Research Unit and Supramolecular Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Chatthai Kaewtong
- Nanotechnology Research Unit and Supramolecular Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Noi Niamsa
- Nanotechnology Research Unit and Supramolecular Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
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Showler AT, Garcia AR, Caesar RM. Lethal Effects of a Silica Gel + Pyrethrins (Drione) on Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Larvae and Nymphs. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:1864-1871. [PMID: 32566948 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ixodids (hard ticks) ingest blood from host animals, and they can transmit pathogenic organisms that induce medical and veterinary diseases. As resistance to synthetic conventional acaricides becomes more common, alternative tactics are coming under heightened scrutiny. Laboratory bioassays were used to assess the efficacy of CimeXa, a commercially available silica gel desiccant dust product, and Drione, a commercial product containing silica gel + pyrethrins and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide, against lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), larvae and nymphs. Both life stages were completely killed by CimeXa by 24 h, and Drione caused total larval mortality within 1 h when they were briefly immersed in the dusts and when they crawled across dust-treated substrate; nymphs were completely killed by 4 h after the same kinds of exposure. Mortality of A. americanum larvae and nymphs occurred after the pests crawled across dried aqueous suspensions of the products, but this was not as efficient and fast-acting as when the immature life stages were exposed to dry dusts. Further, dried aqueous suspensions of Drione were not substantially more lethal than dried aqueous suspensions of CimeXa. CimeXa and Drione will provide prophylactic control on vegetation and animals for as long as the silica gel remains without being physically removed. Both of the dust-based products will likely also be effective against other problematic ixodid species. Advantages and disadvantages, and potential uses, of desiccant dust-based acaricides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan T Showler
- USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX
| | | | - Ryan M Caesar
- Department of Science, Schreiner University, Kerrville, TX
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Li B, Li C, Qu R, Wu N, Qi Y, Sun C, Zhou D, Wang Z. Effects of common inorganic anions on the ozonation of polychlorinated diphenyl sulfides on silica gel: Kinetics, mechanisms, and theoretical calculations. Water Res 2020; 186:116358. [PMID: 32898788 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the ozonation properties of 2,2',3',4,5-pentachlorodiphenyl sulfide (PeCDPS) was systematically studied, with special emphasis on the underlying mechanism for the effects of inorganic ions. Kinetic experiments show that common ions can significantly reduce the oxidative properties of ozone, except for SO32- and Cu2+. The inhibition effect of anions has been explained through the scavenging effect of free radicals and the generation of other free radicals with weaker oxidation potentials, but no research has reported on the effect of free radicals generated by anions on the degradation pathway. However, SO32- and Cu2+ exerted a promoting effect through enhanced formation of ·OH via the hydrolysis effect and the catalyzed decomposition of O3, respectively. According to the intermediate products identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis, direct oxidation of S atom, substitution of Cl atom with -OH group, and hydroxylation of the benzene ring were commonly observed. The addition of NO2- and SO32- produced new free radicals like ·NO2, ·SO3 and ·SO4-, which would attack the parent compound or its primary product, thus influencing the degradation efficiency and pathways. The radicals initiated reactions and the structures of the corresponding products were further rationalized by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These findings provide new insights into the effects of common anions on ozone oxidation of organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chenguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Nannan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yumeng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Cheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Showler AT, Flores N, Caesar RM, Mitchel RD, Perez De León AA. Lethal Effects of a Commercial Diatomaceous Earth Dust Product on Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Larvae and Nymphs. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:1575-1581. [PMID: 32333017 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With increasing development of resistance to conventional synthetic acaricides in economically and medically important ixodid species, interest in finding alternative control tactics has intensified. Laboratory bioassays were conducted, using the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), as a model species, to assess the efficacy of a diatomaceous earth-based product, Deadzone, in comparison with a silica gel-based product, CimeXa. CimeXa is already known to be highly lethal against A. americanum larvae and nymphs. The two dust treatments were 100% effective against larvae and nymphs within 24 h after contact occurred by immersion in dry dusts and after crawling across a surface treated with the dry dusts. Contact by crawling on a dried aqueous film of the dusts, even at a concentration of 10%, was not as effective as exposure to the dusts in dry powder form. As has been demonstrated with CimeXa, it is likely that Deadzone will be capable of providing prophylactic protection of cattle from economically important one-host ixodids, such as the southern cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini), which vectors the causal agents of babesiosis. Diatomaceous earth can be stored indefinitely, will remain efficacious for as long as sufficient quantities remain on the substrate, it is a natural (organic) substance, and it might be amenable for limited use in environmentally protected habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan T Showler
- USDA-ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX
| | - Nicole Flores
- Department of Science, Schreiner University, 2100 Memorial Blvd, Kerrville, TX
| | - Ryan M Caesar
- Department of Science, Schreiner University, 2100 Memorial Blvd, Kerrville, TX
| | - Robert D Mitchel
- Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Registration Division, Invertebrate and Vertebrate Branch, Arlington, VA
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Gao C, Liu G, McPhee AJ, Miller J, Gibson RA. A simple system for measuring the level of free fatty acids in human milk collected as dried milk spot. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 158:102035. [PMID: 31757711 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Breast milk dried on filter paper is a useful collection device for the study of breast milk because it avoids the costs associated with cold-chain storage and transportation. Although the fatty acid profile of breast milks as dried spots is stable, changes to the composition of lipid classes of breast milk due to lipase activity have been reported and are best reflected by its free fatty acid (FFA) concentration. This study aimed to develop a robust dried milk spot (DMS) system where fats in the breast milk are stable at room temperature, and the FFA concentration of the milk can be accurately measured without interference by the high level of triglyceride, which normally constitutes around 98% of the fats in fresh milk. Our system involves applying a small amount breast milk (20 µL) on silica gel impregnated filter paper and microwaving at high power to denature lipases. At the time of analysis, the milk fats are eluted with acetone, re-constituted in heptane and injected directly into a gas chromatograph equipped with an acid modified polyethylene glycol column. This DMS method was validated against the conventional TLC method across a range of FFA concentrations. The breast milk fats collected using this DMS system are stable at room temperature for at least eight weeks which allows for transportation by post and has the potential for use in multi-centred international clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gao
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, SA 5065, Australia; Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Ge Liu
- Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Andrew J McPhee
- Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Jaqueline Miller
- Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Nutrition and Dietetics, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Robert A Gibson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, SA 5065, Australia; Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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