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Teng D, Xia S, Hu S, Yan Y, Liu B, Yang Y, Du X. miR-887-3p Inhibits the Progression of Colorectal Cancer via Downregulating DNMT1 Expression and Regulating P53 Expression. Comput Intell Neurosci 2022; 2022:7179733. [PMID: 35795731 PMCID: PMC9252659 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7179733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Many researchers have reported that abnormal microRNAs (miRs) were expressed in CRC and participated in the occurrence and progression of CRC. However, there are few reports of miR-887-3p regulating CRC development. In the current study, we investigated the abnormal expression of miR-887-3p and also demonstrated its regulatory role and detailed molecular mechanism in CRC. Initially, miRNA expression data were obtained from TCGA-COAD that consisted of 453 CRC samples and 8 normal tissue samples. These were downloaded and analyzed to compare the expression level of miR-887-3p in CRC tissues to that in normal tissues. Moreover, 32 pairs of surgically resected CRC tumors and para-cancer tissues from our hospital were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect miR-887-3p expression levels in CRC tissues, para-cancer tissues, several CRC cell lines, and an intestinal epithelial cell line. Following miR-887-3p mimic transfection in colon cancer SW480 cell line, the regulatory roles of miR-887-3p on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected through CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and Western blot. After potential targeting protein was predicted by bioinformatic websites, the luciferase reporter assay and Western blot were used to confirm the target of miR-887-3p. The targeting protein expressions were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The relationship between miR-887-3p level and the effect of miR-887-3p on P53 expression was evaluated by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The effects of miR-887-3p on CRC cell growth in vivo by xenograft tumor experiments were investigated, and Ki-67 in tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results. The COAD data demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-887-3p in CRC clinical sample tissues and cell line cultures were remarkably lower than para-cancer normal tissues and NCM460 cells (normal colonic epithelial cell line). Functional experiments demonstrated that overexpression of miR-887-3p in SW480 cells significantly reduced proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT, and promoted cancer cell apoptosis. Additionally, Western blot, qRT-PCR, and luciferase reporter assays confirmed that DNMT1 was a downstream target of miR-887-3p. Moreover, the blocking of DNMT1 by miR-887-3p mimics also promoted P53 expression. Finally, overexpression of DNMT1 in SW480 cells could partially reverse the regulatory effect of miR-887-3p mimics on CRC cell development. From in vivo experiments, overexpression of miR-887-3p could inhibit tumor growth in CRC xenograft mice and reduce the Ki-67 level. Conclusion. The microRNA miR-887-3p is a potential biomarker of CRC. It inhibited CRC cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT, and promoted cell apoptosis through targeting and downregulating DNMT1 and promoting P53 expression. Therefore, miR-887-3p may be a good biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Teng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shaoyou Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shidong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Boyan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Zindovic M, Vuletic M, Milenkovic S, Jancic S, Krstic M, Zindovic D, Milosevic V. Clinical and pathological significance of proliferation index and p53 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. J BUON 2021; 26:1466-1478. [PMID: 34565006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our work was to investigate the association between proliferative index [proIDX] and expression index p53 (p53IDX) with the clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS The biopsy material of 90 patients operated on for gastric cancer was routinely processed in paraffin and archived. After the histopathological report was made, two study groups were formed, the first group (n=45) comprised biopsies with intestinal carcinoma and the second (n=45) biopsies of diffuse gastric cancer. In both cases, the control group consisted of biopsies of surrounding non-tumor tissue The routine Hematoxylin-Eosin and immunohistochemical ABC method with anti-Ki67 and anti-p53 antibodies was applied at sections 3-5 μm thick. The expression of Ki67 and p53 was quantified stereometrically. For statistical analysis SPSS (19.0) was used. RESULTS Significantly higher Ki67 expression was found in both types of adenocarcinoma compared to the control group, as well as significant association of proIDX with most of testing parameters. Expression of p53 was significantly higher in the intestinal type compared to the diffuse type and the control group and was significantly associated with age and histological grade. Diffuse type particulary showed, significant association of p53IDX with most of the histological parameters tested. CONCLUSION Our results point a highly significant correlation of the Ki67 and p53 expression with indicators of gastric adenocarcinoma progression, which may help to identify patients with an aggressive gastric adenocarcinoma phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljan Zindovic
- Clinical Center of Montenegro, Center for Abdominal Surgery, Podgorica, Montenegro
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3
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Yamada K, Masuda K, Ida S, Tada H, Bando M, Abe K, Tatematsu KI, Sezutsu H, Oyama T, Chikamatsu K, Takeda S. In vitro assessment of antitumor immune responses using tumor antigen proteins produced by transgenic silkworms. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2021; 32:58. [PMID: 33999320 PMCID: PMC8128804 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of antitumor immune responses is essential for immune monitoring to predict clinical outcomes as well as treatment efficacies in cancer patients. In this study, we produced two tumor antigen (TA) proteins, melanoma antigen family A4 and wild type p53, using TG silkworm systems and evaluated anti-TA-specific immune responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assays in patients with head and neck cancer. Eleven (61.1%) of 18 patients showed significant IFN-γ production in response to at least one TA; however, the presence of TA-specific immune responses did not significantly contribute to better prognosis (overall survival, p = 0.1768; progression-free survival, p = 0.4507). Further studies will need to be performed on a larger scale to better assess the clinical significance of these systems. The production of multiple TA proteins may provide new avenues for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies to stimulate a potent and specific immune response against tumor cells as well as precise assessment of antitumor immune responses in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Yamada
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Kei Masuda
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Shota Ida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroe Tada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Minori Bando
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Kanako Abe
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tatematsu
- Transgenic Silkworm Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
| | - Hideki Sezutsu
- Transgenic Silkworm Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chikamatsu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Takeda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan.
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Ding X, Qi C, Min J, Xu Z, Huang K, Tang H. Long non-coding RNA HEIH suppresses the expression of TP53 through enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10551-10559. [PMID: 32729661 PMCID: PMC7521320 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly evident that the molecular and biological functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are vital for understanding the molecular biology and progression of cancer. The lncRNA-HEIH, a newly identified lncRNA, has been demonstrated to be up-regulated in hepatocellular cancer. However, little is known about its role in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the present study, an obvious up-regulation of lncRNA-HEIH was observed in ESCC compared to the adjacent normal tissues. Meanwhile, patients with high expression of lncRNA-HEIH have significantly poorer prognosis than those with low expression. We further found that lncRNA-HEIH was associated with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and that this association led to the repression of TP53. These findings indicate that lncRNA-HEIH may serve as a prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Disease-Free Survival
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/genetics
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/physiology
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/genetics
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/mortality
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Genes, Reporter
- Genes, p53
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/metabolism
- RNA/genetics
- RNA/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/biosynthesis
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- XinYu Ding
- Department of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chen Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryJinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - ZhiFei Xu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - KeNan Huang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Sun J, Wang X, Liu W, Ji P, Shang A, Wu J, Zhou H, Quan W, Yao Y, Yang Y, Gu C, Sun Z, Goel A, Weng W, Li D. Novel evidence for retinoic acid-induced G (Rig-G) as a tumor suppressor by activating p53 signaling pathway in lung cancer. FASEB J 2020; 34:11900-11912. [PMID: 32741018 PMCID: PMC7725982 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903220r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of most common malignancies worldwide. We have previously identified retinoic acid-induced gene G (Rig-G) as a tumor suppressor in not only acute promyelocytic leukemia, but also in other solid tumors. However, the clinical significance of Rig-G and the underlying mechanism(s) for its biological function in lung cancer remain largely unexplored. Herein, we first compared the expression of Rig-G between lung cancer (n = 138) and normal tissues (n = 23), from public-available data sets and our patient cohort. We further analyzed the correlation of Rig-G expression with key clinico-pathological features and survival outcomes in a multi-site clinical cohort of 300 lung cancer patients. Functional studies for Rig-G were performed in cell lines, and an animal model to support clinical findings. We found that Rig-G was frequently downregulated in lung cancer tissues and cell lines, and correlated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Overexpression of Rig-G led to significantly reduced cell growth and suppressed migration in A549 and NCI-H1944 cells, accompanied by reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Likewise, restoration of Rig-G in Lewis lung carcinoma cells permitted development of fewer cancer metastases versus controls in an animal model. Gene expression profiling results identified p53 pathway as a key downstream target of Rig-G, and p53 inhibition by pifithrin-α caused abrogation of tumor-suppressive effects of Rig-G in lung cancer. In conclusion, we, for the first time, have identified Rig-G as a novel and important tumor suppressor, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for restoring p53 expression in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200060, China
| | - Wenfang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Anquan Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Junlu Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Wenqiang Quan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yiwen Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yibao Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - ChenZheng Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zujun Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wenhao Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
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Park JW, Park JH, Han JW. Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204, Suppresses Tumorigenesis and Migration of Embryonic Carcinoma through Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cell Properties. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143128. [PMID: 32650569 PMCID: PMC7397298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological effects of BST204—a fermented ginseng extract—on several types of cancers have been reported. However, the effects of ginseng products or single ginsenosides against cancer stem cells are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified the anti-tumorigenic and anti-invasive activities of BST204 through the suppression of the cancer stem cell marker, CD133. The treatment of embryonic carcinoma cells with BST204 induced the expression of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, which decreased the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins and downregulated the expression of CD133 and several stemness transcription factors. These changes resulted in both the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. The knockdown of CD133 suggests that it has a role in tumorigenesis, but not in cancer cell proliferation or cell cycle arrest. Treatment with BST204 resulted in the reduced expression of the mesenchymal marker, N-cadherin, and the increased expression of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin, leading to the suppression of tumor cell migration and invasion. The knockdown of CD133 also exhibited an anti-invasive effect, indicating the role of CD133 in tumor invasion. The single ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2—major components of BST204—exhibited limited effects against cancer stem cells compared to BST204, suggesting possible synergism among several ginsenoside compounds.
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Zhang Y, Devocelle A, Souza L, Foudi A, Tenreira Bento S, Desterke C, Sherrard R, Ballesta A, Adam R, Giron-Michel J, Chang Y. BMAL1 knockdown triggers different colon carcinoma cell fates by altering the delicate equilibrium between AKT/mTOR and P53/P21 pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8067-8083. [PMID: 32388500 PMCID: PMC7244025 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the circadian timing system (CTS) frequently appears during colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. In order to better understand the role of the circadian clock in CRC progression, this study evaluated in vitro how knockdown of a core circadian protein BMAL1 (BMAL1-KD) influenced the behavior of two primary human CRC cell lines (HCT116 and SW480) and a metastatic CRC cell line (SW620).Unexpectedly, BMAL1-KD induced CRC cell-type specific responses rather than the same phenomenon throughout. First, BMAL1-KD increased AKT/mTOR activation in each CRC cell line, but to different extents. Second, BMAL1-KD-induced P53 activation varied with cell context. In a wild type P53 background, HCT116 BMAL1-KD cells quickly underwent apoptosis after shBMAL1 lentivirus transduction, while surviving cells showed less P53 but increased AKT/mTOR activation, which ultimately caused higher proliferation. In the presence of a partially functional mutant P53, SW480 BMAL1-KD cells showed moderate P53 and mTOR activation simultaneously with cell senescence. With a moderate increased AKT but unchanged mutant P53 activation, SW620 BMAL1-KD cells grew faster.Thus, under different CRC cellular pathological contexts, BMAL1 knockdown induced relatively equal effects on AKT/mTOR activation but different effects on P53 activation, which finally triggered different CRC cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Aurore Devocelle
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
- INSERM, UMR1197 Interactions between Stem Cells and Their Niches in Physiology, Tumors and Tissue Repair, Villejuif, France
| | - Lucas Souza
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Adlen Foudi
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Sabrina Tenreira Bento
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Christophe Desterke
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Rachel Sherrard
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, UMR8256 Biological Adaptation and Aging (B2A), Paris, France
| | - Annabelle Ballesta
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Rene Adam
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
- Hôpital Paul Brousse AP-HP, Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Giron-Michel
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
- INSERM, UMR1197 Interactions between Stem Cells and Their Niches in Physiology, Tumors and Tissue Repair, Villejuif, France
| | - Yunhua Chang
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Wei S, Bae S, Yang WH, Smith GJ, Mohler JL, Fontham ET, Bensen JT, Sonpavde GP, Chen G, Liu R, Wang L. A CD24-p53 axis contributes to African American prostate cancer disparities. Prostate 2020; 80:609-618. [PMID: 32168400 PMCID: PMC7176538 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a functional analysis of prostate cancer cells, we found a CD24-dependent inactivation of mutant p53, but the clinical significance of this observation remained uncertain. Here, we validated these results with samples of human prostate cancer and explored the role of a CD24-p53 axis in racial disparities of prostate cancer. METHODS Samples of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostate cancer from 141 European Americans (EAs) and 147 African Americans (AAs) in two independent sample cohorts were assessed for protein expression of CD24, mutant p53, mouse double minute 2 human homolog (MDM2), and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (ARF) using immunohistochemical analyses. All samples were analyzed for TP53R175H and TP53R273H . RESULTS CD24, mutant p53, MDM2, and ARF proteins were expressed in 55%, 24%, 39%, and 68% of prostate cancer samples, respectively. CD24 and mutant p53 were present more frequently in late-stage and metastatic prostate cancer. The presence of CD24 was associated with a greater than fourfold risk of metastasis, which included lymph node and distant metastases. H score analysis showed positive correlations of CD24 expression with mutant p53 (r = .308, P < .001) and MDM2 (r = .227, P = .004). There was a negative correlation for CD24 with ARF (r = -.280, P < .001). A racial disparity was evident for CD24 (AAs/EAs: 64% vs 47%; P = .004) but not for mutant p53 (AA/EA: 28% vs 21%; P = .152). In 32 CD24+ /mutant p53+ cases, a TP53R273H mutation was found in five cases, but no TP53R175H mutation was found. CONCLUSION The CD24-p53 axis may contribute to aggressive and metastatic prostate cancers, especially those of AAs. This observation enhances understanding of the pathogenesis of prostate cancer and its associated racial disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Genetics and O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Genetics and O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Shi Wei
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sejong Bae
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wei-Hsiung Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University, Savannah, Georgia
| | - Gary J. Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - James L. Mohler
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Elizabeth T.H. Fontham
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jeannette T. Bensen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Guoyun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Runhua Liu
- Department of Genetics and O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Department of Genetics and O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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9
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Li Y, Qin G, Cheng C, Yuan B, Huang D, Cheng S, Cao C, Chen G. Purification, characterization and anti-tumor activities of polysaccharides from Ecklonia kurome obtained by three different extraction methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:1000-1010. [PMID: 31751739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate and compare the effects of different extraction methods on the structure and anti-tumor activity of Ecklonia kurome polysaccharides (EP), three techniques, namely hot water extraction (HW), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UA) and enzyme-assisted extraction (EA), were used to extract EP, and three crude EPs were purified by DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration chromatography. The significant antitumor active components in each method were screened by MTT assay and named as HW-EP5, UA-EP4 and EA-EP3, respectively. The molecular weight, FT-IR assay and NMR showed that HW-EP5, UA-EP4 and EA-EP3 were pyran polysaccharides with a molecular weight of 14,466, 15,922 and 16,947 Da, respectively. HW-EP5 contained the most monosaccharides and the highest content of sulfate and uronic acid. HW-EP5 had an even and smooth sheet-like appearance, while UA-EP4 and EA-EP3 exhibited irregular and rough fragments. All three polysaccharides can inhibit the migration of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and promote its apoptosis. All three polysaccharides promoted caspase activity during apoptosis. HW-EP5 and UA-EP4 up-regulated the expression of proapoptotic proteins Bax and p53, while EA-EP3 only up-regulated the expression of p53. These experimental results indicate that Ecklonia kurome polysaccharides, especially HW-EP5, have great potential as a natural medicine for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gaoyixin Qin
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Biao Yuan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shujie Cheng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chongjiang Cao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guitang Chen
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 210009, China.
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10
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Mutar TF, Tousson E, Hafez E, Abo Gazia M, Salem SB. Ameliorative effects of vitamin B17 on the kidney against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma induced renal toxicity in mice. Environ Toxicol 2020; 35:528-537. [PMID: 31821727 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the major cause of death and many factors that lead to its occurrences, such as environmental pollution and pesticides and other factors. Ehrlich carcinoma development depends on many things associated with the environment, nutrition, personal habits, and family history. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of vitamin B17 (VB17) against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) that induced kidney toxicity in female mice. The mice were divided into five groups (first group, control group; second group, VB17 group; third group, EAC group; fourth group, pretreated EAC with VB17; fifth group, cotreated EAC with VB17). Results showed the VB17 in pretreated (G4) and cotreated (G5) groups lead to an improvement in DNA damage and cytological examination, in addition significantly (P < .05) increase in Na+ , red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit value, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration, whereas significantly (P < .05) decrease in urea, creatinine, K+ , platelets, and white blood cells while insignificant (P < .05) changes in mean corpuscular volume when compared to the EAC group. Many histopathological changes were observed in kidney sections in EAC as marked damage and degenerated, glomerular atrophy, the Malpighian corpuscles that lost their characteristic configuration. On the other hand, a moderate improvement and arrangement in the kidney histological structure in pretreated VB17 + EAC, while a mild enhancement and arrangement of the kidney structure in cotreated EAC + VB17. In addition, depletion in renal P53 and PCNA protein expression compared with the EAC group. It could be concluded that VB17 has a potential renal protective effect against EAC cells induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulfiqar F Mutar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ezar Hafez
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Maha Abo Gazia
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Seham B Salem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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11
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Huang H, Chen AY, Ye X, Guan R, Rankin GO, Chen YC. Galangin, a Flavonoid from Lesser Galangal, Induced Apoptosis via p53-Dependent Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071579. [PMID: 32235536 PMCID: PMC7180956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among women worldwide, ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous cancers. Patients undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy might get adverse side effects and develop resistance to drugs. In recent years, natural compounds have aroused growing attention in cancer treatment. Galangin inhibited the growth of two cell lines, A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3, more strongly than the growth of a normal ovarian cell line, IOSE 364. The IC50 values of galangin on proliferation of A2780/CP70, OVCAR-3 and IOSE 364 cells were 42.3, 34.5, and 131.3 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that galangin preferentially induced apoptosis in both ovarian cancer cells with respect to normal ovarian cells. Galangin treatment increased the level of cleaved caspase-3 and -7 via the p53-dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway by up-regulating Bax protein and via the p53-dependent extrinsic apoptotic pathway by up-regulating DR5 protein. By down-regulating the level of p53 with 20 μM pifithrin-α (PFT-α), the apoptotic rates of OVCAR-3 cells induced by galangin treatment (40 μM) were significantly decreased from 18.2% to 10.2%, indicating that p53 is a key regulatory protein in galangin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Although galangin up-regulated the expression of p21, it had little effect on the cell cycle of the two ovarian cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the levels of phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated p70S6K were decreased through galangin treatment, suggesting that the Akt/p70S6K pathways might be involved in the apoptosis. Our results suggested that galangin is selective against cancer cells and can be used for the treatment of platinum-resistant ovarian cancers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhi Huang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
- College of Science, Technology & Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - Allen Y. Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Informatics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98101, USA;
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Rongfa Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Gary O. Rankin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- College of Science, Technology & Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-304-457-6277; Fax: +1-304-457-6239
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12
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Wu HT, Chen WJ, Xu Y, Shen JX, Chen WT, Liu J. The Tumor Suppressive Roles and Prognostic Values of STEAP Family Members in Breast Cancer. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:9578484. [PMID: 32802887 PMCID: PMC7421016 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9578484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression patterns and prognostic values of STEAP family members in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Human Protein Atlas was used to analyze the expression level of STEAPs in human normal tissues and malignant tumors. ONCOMINE datasets were analyzed for the comparison of the STEAPs levels between malignant cancers and corresponding normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to analyze the prognostic value of STEAPs in breast cancer patients. RESULTS STEAPs were widely distributed in human normal tissues with diverse levels. Normally, it is predicted that STEAP1 and STEAP2 were involved in the mineral absorption process, while STEAP3 participated in the TP53 signaling pathway and iron apoptosis. The results from ONCOMINE showed downregulation of STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 in breast cancers. Survival analysis revealed that breast cancer patients with high levels of STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 had a good prognosis, while those with low expression had high overall mortality. CONCLUSION STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 are predicted to be the potential prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients, providing novel therapeutic strategies for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wen-Jia Chen
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ya Xu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jia-Xin Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wen-Tian Chen
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Long C, Xiao Y, Li S, Tang X, Yuan Z, Bai Y. Involvement of proliferative and apoptotic factors in the development of hindgut in rat fetuses with ethylenethiourea-induced anorectal malformations. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151466. [PMID: 31787253 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.151466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are common congenital malformations of the terminal digestive tract, but little is known regarding their pathogenesis. Aberrant cell proliferation/apoptosis are believed to be involved in ARMs. However, there are no studies on proliferation/apoptosis-related genes. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal expression patterns of two proliferation/apoptosis-related genes (MYC proto-oncogene and tumor protein p53) and explore their potential functions in the hindguts of ethylene thiourea-induced ARMs rat fetuses. METHODS MYC and p53 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining, western blotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and p53 costaining were performed to assay the colocalization of apoptotic and p53-expressing cells. RESULTS Rat fetuses with ARMs displayed fusion failure of the urogenital septum and cloacal membrane. In the control group, MYC was persistently expressed from gestational day (GD)14 to GD16 and distributed throughout the hindgut, while p53 was weakly detected in the terminal segment of the urethra and hindgut; in the ARMs group, MYC expression was obviously reduced, while p53 was widely and highly expressed in the urethra and hindgut. Western blotting and RT-qPCR confirmed the decrease in MYC and increase in p53 expression in ARMs. TUNEL and p53 co-staining revealed considerable overlap between apoptotic and p53-expressing cells. CONCLUSION The expression patterns of c-myc and p53 were disrupted in ARMs rat embryos, and the downregulation of c-myc and upregulation of p53 might be related to the development of ARMs at the key time points of ARMs morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Long
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Yunxia Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Siying Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Yuzuo Bai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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Liu F, Shi J, Zhang Y, Lian A, Han X, Zuo K, Liu M, Zheng T, Zou F, Liu X, Jin M, Mu Y, Li G, Su G, Liu J. NANOG Attenuates Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence by Upregulating PBX1 and Activating AKT Signaling. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:4286213. [PMID: 31885790 PMCID: PMC6914946 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4286213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells derived from elderly donors or harvested by repeated subculture exhibit a marked decrease in proliferative capacity and multipotency, which not only compromises their therapeutic potential but also raises safety concerns for regenerative medicine. NANOG-a well-known core transcription factor-plays an important role in maintaining the self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells. Unfortunately, the mechanism that NANOG delays mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence is not well-known until now. In our study, we showed that both ectopic NANOG expression and PBX1 overexpression (i) significantly upregulated phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and PARP1; (ii) promoted cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and osteogenesis; (iii) reduced the number of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase- (SA-β-gal-) positive cells; and (iv) downregulated the expression of p16, p53, and p21. Western blotting and dual-luciferase activity assays showed that ectopic NANOG expression significantly upregulated PBX1 expression and increased PBX1 promoter activity. In contrast, PBX1 knockdown by RNA interference in hair follicle- (HF-) derived MSCs that were ectopically expressing NANOG resulted in the significant downregulation of p-AKT and the upregulation of p16 and p21. Moreover, blocking AKT with the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 or knocking down AKT via RNA interference significantly decreased PBX1 expression, while increasing p16 and p21 expression and the number of SA-β-gal-positive cells. In conclusion, our findings show that NANOG delays HF-MSC senescence by upregulating PBX1 and activating AKT signaling and that a feedback loop likely exists between PBX1 and AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilin Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahong Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingyao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aobo Lian
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kuiyang Zuo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minghua Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Mu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanfang Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Kamra M, Moitra P, Ponnalagu D, Karande AA, Bhattacharya S. New Water-Soluble Oxyamino Chitosans as Biocompatible Vectors for Efficacious Anticancer Therapy via Co-Delivery of Gene and Drug. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:37442-37460. [PMID: 31434476 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Among the many nonviral gene delivery vectors, chitosan, being a polysaccharide of natural origin, has gained special importance. In this report, chitosan (CS) has been solubilized in water by preparing its O-carboxymethyl derivative, CS(CH2COOH), with an optimum degree of carboxymethylation. This has been further derivatized to get the pyridine-substituted product (py)CS(CH2COOH), where the degree of pyridine substitution (47%) was optimized based on zeta potential measurements. The optimized formulation showed a high gene binding ability, forming nanosized positively charged polyelectrolyte complexes with DNA. These polyplexes were stable to DNase and physiological polyanions such as heparin. They also exhibited minimal toxicity in vitro and showed transfection levels comparable to the commercial standard Lipofectamine 2000 and much higher than polyethylenimine (MW, 25 kDa). Additionally, in this study, a hitherto unknown oxyamine derivative of chitosan has been prepared by phthaloyl protection, tosylation, and Gabriel's phthalimide synthesis. Nearly 40% of the primary alcohols were successfully converted to oxyamino functionality, which was used for forming oxime with the anticancer drug doxorubicin. The pH sensitivity of the oxime ether linkage and stability under biologically relevant conditions were then used to establish the compound as a versatile drug delivery vector. Co-delivery of functional gene (p53) and drug (doxorubicin) was accomplished in vitro and in vivo with the chitosan-pyridine imine vector (py)CS(CH2COOH) and the newly synthesized doxorubicin oxime ether CS(Dox). Complete tumor regression with no tumor recurrence and appreciable survivability point to the in vivo effectiveness and biocompatibility of the designed composite formulation. Overall, the pH sensitivity of the oxime linkage aiding slow and steady drug release, together with the sustained gene expression by pyridine-tethered carboxymethyl chitosan, allows us to generate a nanobiocomposite with significantly high anticancer therapeutic potential.
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Han CY, Sun TT, Xv GP, Wang SS, Gu JG, Liu CY. Berberine ameliorates CCl4‑induced liver injury in rats through regulation of the Nrf2‑Keap1‑ARE and p53 signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3095-3102. [PMID: 31432116 PMCID: PMC6755230 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid, reported to have multiple pharmacological functions. However, its effects against CCl4‑induced oxidative damage remain poorly studied. Therefore, the present study investigated the protective action of BBR, and its antioxidant mechanisms, against CCl4‑induced liver injury in rats. A total of 48 rats were randomly arranged into six groups: Control; model; positive control (PC); BBR low‑dose (BL); BBR middle‑dose (BM); and BBR high‑dose (BH). The BL, BM and BH animals received BBR (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg by weight, respectively) orally for 7 consecutive days. Rats in the PC group were given silymarin (150 mg/kg), and the control and model groups were administered distilled water orally. At the end of the experiment, blood samples and livers were collected. To measure the liver biochemical indices, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the expression levels of related genes and protein, the following methods were used: An automatic biochemical analyzer; flow cytometry; spectrophotometry; reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR; western blotting; and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results revealed that BBR significantly decreased the serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, and increased those of glutathione and superoxide dismutase, but decreased malondialdehyde activity in hepatic tissue, and significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species level in hepatocytes. In hepatic tissue, the expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2), kelch‑like ECH‑associated protein 1 (Keap-1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO-1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO‑1), Bcl‑2 and Bcl‑xL mRNA, and HO‑1 protein were elevated, and the expression of p53 mRNA was decreased, particularly in the BH group (15 mg/kg). In conclusion, BBR exerts a protective action against CCl4‑induced acute liver injury in rats via effectively regulating the expression of Nrf2‑Keap1‑antioxidant responsive element‑related genes and proteins, and inhibiting p53 pathway‑mediated hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Tao-Tao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Pei Xv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Si-Si Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Gang Gu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Yan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
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Almeida TC, Guerra CCC, De Assis BLG, de Oliveira Aguiar Soares RD, Garcia CCM, Lima AA, da Silva GN. Antiproliferative and toxicogenomic effects of resveratrol in bladder cancer cells with different TP53 status. Environ Mol Mutagen 2019; 60:740-751. [PMID: 31095781 DOI: 10.1002/em.22297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found mainly in grapes, has been studied in several types of cancer. In bladder cancer, its antiproliferative effects have already been demonstrated; however, its mechanism of action is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate resveratrol antitumor activity (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μM) and its possible mechanisms of action in bladder tumor cells with different TP53 gene status (RT4, grade 1, TP53 wild type; 5637-grade 2 and T24-grade 3, TP53 mutated). Cell proliferation, clonogenic survival, morphological changes, cell cycle progression, apoptosis rates, genotoxicity, global methylation, immunocytochemistry for p53 and PCNA and relative expression profiles of the AKT, mTOR, RASSF1A, HOXB3, SRC, PLK1, and DNMT1 were evaluated. Resveratrol decreased cell proliferation and induced DNA damage in all cell lines. Regarding the long-term effects, resveratrol reduced the number of colonies in all cell lines; however, TP53 wild type cells were more resistant. Increased rates of apoptosis were found in the TP53 wild type cells and this was accompanied by AKT, mTOR, and SRC downregulation. In addition, the resveratrol antiproliferative effects in wild type TP53 cells were accompanied by modulation of the DNMT1 gene. In the TP53 mutated cells, cell cycle arrest at S phase with PLK1 downregulation was observed. Additionally, there was modulation of the HOXB3/RASSF1A pathway and nuclear PCNA reduction in the highest-grade cells. In conclusion, resveratrol has antiproliferative activity in bladder tumor cells; however, the mechanisms of action are dependent on TP53 status. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 60:740-751, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Cunha Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Chaves Coelho Guerra
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DECBI), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Carriao Machado Garcia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DECBI), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (CBIOL), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angélica Alves Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CIPHARMA), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (CBIOL), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Abstract
It is of great significance to develop biocompatible and degradable gene carriers with stimuli-enhanced gene therapy and imaging function. In this work, low-cytotoxic polycation PGEA (ethanolamine-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate))-functionalized dextran-quantum dot (QD) nanohybrids (DQ-PGEA) were proposed as safe and efficient gene carriers via a facile and feasible method. The highly water-soluble dextran gives the carrier good stability, biocompatibility, and abundant modification sites, while QDs allow fluorescence (FL) imaging. Taking advantage of the pH-responsive self-destruction characteristic introduced by Schiff base linkages, DQ-PGEA nanohybrids could not only result in enhanced gene release but also contribute to the elimination of the carriers. Reduced (nondegradable) DQ-PGEA-R nanohybrids were also synthesized as counterparts to reveal the superiority of the responsive DQ-PGEA carriers. The effectiveness of the as-prepared gene delivery systems was verified adopting the antioncogene p53 in the mouse model of breast cancer. As expected, DQ-PGEA nanohybrids demonstrated a superior gene transfection performance and antitumor inhibition compared with their counterparts. Meanwhile, the gene delivery processes could be tracked in real time to visualize the therapeutic processes and realize FL imaging-guided gene therapy. The current multifunctional stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms with the self-destruction feature are intriguing candidates to achieve enhanced gene therapy for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering , Taiyuan Institute of Technology , Taiyuan 030008 , China
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19
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Bani-Ahmad MA, Al-Sweedan SA, Al-Asseiri MA, Alkhatib AJ. A Proposed Kinetic Model for the Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of WT1 and p53 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clin Lab 2019; 64:357-363. [PMID: 29739109 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2017.170915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilms tumor (WT1) and p53 proteins were identified in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, including hematological malignancies. As a result of their interaction and diverse context-specific functions, this study aimed to emphasize the diagnostic and prognostic impacts of WT1 and p53 expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS Twelve bone marrow (BM) biopsies were obtained from AML patients who were diagnosed in accordance with the French-American-British diagnostic criteria. For comparative purposes, nine normal BM biopsies were included. The expression rate of WT1 and p53 were determined by an immunohistochemistry assay. RESULTS A significantly higher (p < 0.005) and strongly correlated ( = 0.855, p = 0.001) expression rates of WT1 and p53 were observed in the BM of AML patients in comparison to control BM. Furthermore, relapsed AML patients had significantly higher expression of WT1, but not p53, when compared to newly diagnosed patients. In regard of patient's responsiveness to chemotherapy, no significant difference was reported between good and poor responders. However, the relative ratio of p53 to WT1 expression was evidently correlated to the responsiveness groups (p < 0.05), where the ratio was observed to be significantly higher among poor responders. Poor responders were characterized by a statistically significant and dominant p53 expression (p53/WT1 > 1.0) while both good responding patients and control subjects had a dominant WT1 expression (p53/WT1 < 1.0). CONCLUSIONS The enhanced expression levels of WT1 and p53 proteins in the BM of AML patients is supportive of their intermediate role in the pathogenesis of the disease. WT1 expression rate may encompass a negative prognostic value of the disease. Furthermore, the ratio of p53/WT expression may serve as a hallmark of the patient's responsiveness to chemotherapy, where a dominant WT1 expression may reveal good responsiveness to chemotherapy. Herein, we are proposing a kinetic model where the p53/WT1 ratio might be useful as a laboratory approach to evaluate the prognostic value of AML including the patient's responsiveness to chemotherapeutic regimen.
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Knezović Florijan M, Ozretić P, Bujak M, Pezzè L, Ciribilli Y, Kaštelan Ž, Slade N, Hudolin T. The role of p53 isoforms' expression and p53 mutation status in renal cell cancer prognosis. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:578.e1-578.e10. [PMID: 30948335 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze p53 mutations and gene expression of p53, ∆40p53, and ∆133p53 isoforms in renal cell cancer (RCC) tissues and normal adjacent tissue (NAT) and to associate them to clinical features and outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-one randomly selected patients, with primary, previously untreated RCC, with complete clinicopathohistological data were analyzed. NAT samples were available for 37 cases. Expression of p53, ∆40p53 and ∆133p53 was determined using RT-qPCR. A functional yeast-based assay was performed to analyze p53 mutations. RESULTS More than half (56.1%) of patients harbored functional p53 mutations, and they were significantly younger than those with wild type (WT) p53 (P = 0.032). Expression of p53, ∆40p53, and ∆133p53 was upregulated in mutant (MT) p53 RCC compared to WT p53 RCC tissues. However, there was no difference in expression of these isoforms between MT p53 RCC tissues and NAT. Expression of ∆133p53 was significantly downregulated in WT p53 tissues compared to NAT (P = 0.006). Patients that harbored functional p53 mutation had better overall survival (hazard ratio 4.32, 95% confidence interval 1.46-18.82, P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumor stage and p53 mutation might be used as independent prognostic marker for overall survival in RCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the specific events in the carcinogenesis of RCC. p53 isoforms can be differentially expressed depending on p53 mutational status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maro Bujak
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Pezzè
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Genetics, Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - Yari Ciribilli
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Genetics, Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - Željko Kaštelan
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neda Slade
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tvrtko Hudolin
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ozretić P, Hanžić N, Proust B, Sabol M, Trnski D, Radić M, Musani V, Ciribilli Y, Milas I, Puljiz Z, Bosnar MH, Levanat S, Slade N. Expression profiles of p53/p73, NME and GLI families in metastatic melanoma tissue and cell lines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12470. [PMID: 31462745 PMCID: PMC6713730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike other tumours, TP53 is rarely mutated in melanoma; however, it fails to function as a tumour suppressor. We assume that its functions might be altered through interactions with several families of proteins, including p53/p73, NME and GLI. To elucidate the potential interplay among these families we analysed the expression profiles of aforementioned genes and proteins in a panel of melanoma cell lines, metastatic melanoma specimens and healthy corresponding tissue. Using qPCR a higher level of NME1 gene expression and lower levels of Δ40p53β, ΔNp73, GLI1, GLI2 and PTCH1 were observed in tumour samples compared to healthy tissue. Protein expression of Δ133p53α, Δ160p53α and ΔNp73α isoforms, NME1 and NME2, and N'ΔGLI1, GLI1FL, GLI2ΔN isoforms was elevated in tumour tissue, whereas ∆Np73β was downregulated. The results in melanoma cell lines, in general, support these findings. In addition, we correlated expression profiles with clinical features and outcome. Higher Δ133p53β and p53α mRNA and both GLI1 mRNA and GLI3R protein expression had a negative impact on the overall survival. Shorter overall survival was also connected with lower p53β and NME1 gene expression levels. In conclusion, all examined genes may have implications in melanoma development and functional inactivity of TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Ozretić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Hanžić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bastien Proust
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Trnski
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Radić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Musani
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yari Ciribilli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo (Trento), IT-38123, Italy
| | - Ivan Milas
- Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Vinogradska cesta 29, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Puljiz
- Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Vinogradska cesta 29, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Herak Bosnar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sonja Levanat
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neda Slade
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Abd-Allah WH, Salman A, Sabry Saad S. Anticancer activity of newly synthesized 1,1-disubstituted cyclohexane-1-carboxamides: in vitro caspases mediated apoptosis activators in human cancer cell lines and their molecular modeling. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:933-947. [PMID: 31343754 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Novel 1,1-disubstituted cyclohexane-1-carboxamides 6a-h, 7a-e, and 8a-b were designed and synthesized as apoptotic inducers. Cytotoxicity test revealed that some compounds have strong to moderate effect, while others displayed weak action against different cancer cell lines including, MCF-7, HepG2, A549, and HTC-116. A549 carcinoma cell line exhibited higher sensitivity toward all synthesized candidates especially compounds 6a and 8a which offered the lowest IC50 values 3.03 and 5.21 μM, respectively, relative to the positive control doxorubicin with IC50 value of 3.01 μM. Compared to doxorubicin treatment, compounds 6a and 8a induced caspases-3, -8, and -9 activities and G2/M growth arrest in A549 carcinoma cell line. The expression levels of p53 (tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene), Bax (apoptosis regulator protein in humans that is encoded by bax gene), and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were all higher than those in doxorubicin-treated cells (Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2, encoded in humans by the Bcl-2 gene). Additionally, compounds 6a and 8a appeared to exhibit higher selectivity against MCF-10 human breast normal cell line. The synthesized congeners could be considered as potent apoptotic inducers interfering with extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Moreover, compound 6a was able to form complex with zinc ions as indicated by UV spectrophotometry which revealed its ability for being caspase activator. Molecular docking studies expected the interactions and binding modes of the synthesized inhibitors in the caspase-3 active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Hamada Abd-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Salman
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Pharmacology Group), National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samah Sabry Saad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, Giza, Egypt
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Wei S, Li T, Xie R, Ye B, Xiang J, Liu K, Chen Z, Gao X. The role of ATF3 in ZnO nanoparticle-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in bronchial epithelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 113:95-102. [PMID: 31220582 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticle (ZnO NP) exposure causes oxidative stress in the respiratory system, leading to pulmonary damage. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) participates in a variety of cellular stress responses. However, the role of ATF3 in ZnO NP genotoxicity and cytotoxicity remains to be explored. Here we reported that ZnO NP treatment dramatically induced the expression of ATF3 in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, which was mediated by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). ATF3 was required for the repair of ZnO NP-induced DNA damage as gamma foci number increased when endogenous ATF3 was silenced. Moreover, ATF3 also contributed to ZnO NP-induced cell apoptosis. Mechanistic study revealed that ATF3 interacted with the p53 protein and upregulated its expression under ZnO NP treatment. Collectively, our findings demonstrated ATF3 as an important regulator of epithelial homeostasis by promoting both DNA repair and the death of damaged cells under ZnO NP-induced genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Wei
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tiezheng Li
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Renxiang Xie
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bingqi Ye
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kangli Liu
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhanghui Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Xiangwei Gao
- Institute of Environmental Health, and Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, and Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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24
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Xiang P, Liu Y, Liu L, Lin Q, Liu X, Zhang H, Xu J, Fang B. The Biological Function and Clinical Significance of miR-886-5p in Multiple Myeloma. Acta Haematol 2019; 142:208-216. [PMID: 31163428 DOI: 10.1159/000499620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-886-5p plays an important role in many tumors, but it has been rarely investigated in multiple myeloma (MM). We studied the expression of miR-886-5p in the plasma of MM patients and in MM cell lines, and evaluated its biological function to identify its potential involvement in MM. METHODS We recruited 16 subjects including 10 newly diagnosed MM patients who had not received treatment and 6 healthy individuals. The expression of miR-886-5p in plasma and MM cell lines was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assay, and 7-amino-actinomycin D/allophycocyanin double staining were performed to detect the function of miR-886-5p in MM cell lines. The expression of Bax and p53 was determined by western blot. RESULTS The expression of miR-886-5p in the plasma of MM patients was higher than that in normal individuals and its level in MM cell lines was higher than that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from healthy individuals. miR-886-5p could trigger the cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis and affect the cell cycle. CONCLUSION miR-886-5p triggered MM cell growth and may act as a diagnostic plasma biomarker for MM, potentially contributing to resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuzhang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quande Lin
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiyang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baijun Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
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Ferguson MW, Gerak CAN, Chow CCT, Rastelli EJ, Elmore KE, Stahl F, Hosseini-Farahabadi S, Baradaran-Heravi A, Coltart DM, Roberge M. The antimalarial drug mefloquine enhances TP53 premature termination codon readthrough by aminoglycoside G418. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216423. [PMID: 31120902 PMCID: PMC6532957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations constitute ~10% of TP53 mutations in cancer. They introduce a premature termination codon that gives rise to truncated p53 protein with impaired function. The aminoglycoside G418 can induce TP53 premature termination codon readthrough and thus increase cellular levels of full-length protein. Small molecule phthalimide derivatives that can enhance the readthrough activity of G418 have also been described. To determine whether readthrough enhancers exist among drugs that are already approved for use in humans, we tested seven antimalarial drugs for readthrough of the common R213X TP53 nonsense mutation in HDQ-P1 breast cancer cells. Mefloquine induced no TP53 readthrough activity as a single agent but it strongly potentiated readthrough by G418. The two enantiomers composing pharmaceutical mefloquine potentiated readthrough to similar levels in HDQ-P1 cells and also in SW900, NCI-H1688 and HCC1937 cancer cells with different TP53 nonsense mutations. Exposure to G418 and mefloquine increased p53 phosphorylation at Ser15 and P21 transcript levels following DNA damage, indicating p53 produced via readthrough was functional. Mefloquine does not appear to enhance readthrough via lysosomotropic effects as it did not significantly affect lysosomal pH, the cellular levels of G418 or its distribution in organellar or cytosolic fractions. The availability of a readthrough enhancer that is already approved for use in humans should facilitate study of the therapeutic potential of TP53 readthrough in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Ferguson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chloe A. N. Gerak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christalle C. T. Chow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ettore J. Rastelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kyle E. Elmore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Florian Stahl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sara Hosseini-Farahabadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Heravi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Don M. Coltart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michel Roberge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Wang G, Sheng W, Shi X, Li X, Zhou J, Dong M. Serine/arginine protein-specific kinase 2 promotes the development and progression of pancreatic cancer by downregulating Numb and p53. FEBS J 2019; 286:1668-1682. [PMID: 30724469 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Serine/arginine protein-specific kinase 2 (SRPK2) plays a vital role in the progression of a range of different malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that in hepatocellular carcinoma, SRPK2 knockdown leads to the upregulation of the cell fate determining protein Numb, and in pancreatic cancer cells, Numb knockdown prevents ubiquitin-mediated degradation of p53. In this study, we investigated the relationship between SRPK2, Numb and p53 in the development of pancreatic cancer with or without chemical agent treatment in vitro. SRPK2 expression was upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and associated with decreased overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients, indicating that expression of this protein can be used as a marker of unfavourable prognosis. Expression of SRPK2 was positively associated with tumour T stage and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage, and negatively associated with Numb expression in serial tissue sections. In pancreatic cancer cells, SRPK2 downregulation or overexpression led to modulation of Numb and wild-type p53 protein expression in response to oxaliplatin treatment. Furthermore, these three endogenous proteins could be coimmunoprecipitated as a triple complex. Numb or p53 knockdown reversed the upregulation of p53 that was induced by silencing SRPK2. SRPK2 overexpression promoted cell invasion and migration, and decreased chemosensitivity of cancer cells to gemcitabine or oxaliplatin treatment. Conversely, SRPK2 silencing decreased cell invasion and migration and increased chemosensitivity; these effects were reversed by silencing p53 in oxaliplatin-treated pancreatic cancer cells. Our data suggest that SRPK2 negatively regulates p53 by downregulating Numb under chemical agent treatment. Thus, SRPK2 promotes the development and progression of pancreatic cancer in a p53-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosen Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Sheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Renzi A, De Bonis P, Morandi L, Lenzi J, Tinto D, Rigillo A, Bettini G, Bellei E, Sabattini S. Prevalence of p53 dysregulations in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma and non-neoplastic oral mucosa. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215621. [PMID: 30998743 PMCID: PMC6472789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant oral tumor in cats. The late presentation is one of the factors contributing to the detrimental prognosis of this disease. The immunohistochemical expression of the p53 tumor suppressor protein has been reported in 24% to 65% of feline oral squamous cell carcinomas, but no study has systematically evaluated in this tumor the presence of p53 encoding gene (TP53) mutations. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether p53 immunohistochemistry accurately reflects the mutational status of the TP53 gene in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Additionally, the prevalence of p53 dysregulation in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma was compared with that of feline non-neoplastic oral mucosa, in order to investigate the relevance of these dysregulations in cancer development. The association between p53 dysregulations and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and tumor characteristics was further assessed. Twenty-six incisional biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinomas and 10 cases each of lingual eosinophilic granuloma, chronic gingivostomatitis and normal oral mucosa were included in the study. Eighteen squamous cell carcinomas (69%) expressed p53 and 18 had mutations in exons 5-8 of TP53. The agreement between immunohistochemistry and mutation analysis was 77%. None of non-neoplastic oral mucosa samples had a positive immunohistochemical staining, while one case each of eosinophilic granuloma and chronic gingivostomatitis harbored TP53 mutations. Unlike previously hypothesized, p53 dysregulations were not associated with exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. These results suggest an important role of p53 in feline oral tumorigenesis. Additionally, the immunohistochemical detection of p53 expression appears to reflect the presence of TP53 mutations in the majority of cases. It remains to be determined if the screening for p53 dysregulations, alone or in association with other markers, can eventually contribute to the early detection of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Renzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola De Bonis
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Morandi
- “M. Malpighi” Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lenzi
- Section of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Debora Tinto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Rigillo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuliano Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emma Bellei
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Li PC, Hu DD, Jia W, Hu B. Expression and Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Associated Factor 4 (TRAF4) in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:2368-2376. [PMID: 30933965 PMCID: PMC6455108 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, there is no effective targeted therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and it is urgent to find new targets for the treatment of ESCC. TRAF4 has been regarded as a cause of carcinogenesis due to overexpression in many cancer types and participation in multiple signaling pathways. However, there are few studies on TRAF4 in ESCC worldwide. Its expression in ESCC and whether it affects the prognosis of patients still remain unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS We detected the expressions of TRAF4, ki-67, and p53 in 100 cases of ESCC and 80 cases of adjacent normal esophageal squamous epithelium tissues by immunohistochemical technique. We further explored the relationship between TRAF4 and ESCC and its prognosis through statistical analysis. RESULTS TRAF4 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of TRAF4 in ESCC was also associated with high expression of ki-67 and p53 (P<0.05). We also found that patients with high expression of TRAF4 had significantly lower OS than in patients with low TRAF4 expression (P<0.05). Overexpression of TRAF4 was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found that TRAF4 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Overexpression of TRAF4 was an independent risk factor affecting the overall prognosis of patients. The results indicated that TRAF4 may become a new target for the treatment of ESCC in the future.
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Alaraby M, Romero S, Hernández A, Marcos R. Toxic and Genotoxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in Drosophila. Environ Mol Mutagen 2019; 60:277-285. [PMID: 30353950 DOI: 10.1002/em.22262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster was used here to determine the detrimental effects induced by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exposure. The main aim was to explore its interaction with the intestinal barrier and the genotoxic effects induced in hemocytes. The observed effects were compared with those obtained by silver nitrate, as an agent acting via the release of silver ions. Larvae were fed in food media containing both forms of silver. Results indicated that silver nitrate was more toxic than AgNPs when the viability "egg-to-adult" was determined. Depigmentation was observed in adults including those exposed to nontoxic concentrations, as indicative of exposure action. Interestingly, AgNPs were able to cross the intestinal barrier affecting hemocytes that show significant increases in the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Additionally, significant levels of genotoxic damage, as determined by the comet assay, were also induced. When the expression of different stress-response genes was determined, for both AgNPs and silver nitrate, significant upregulation of Sod2 and p53 genes was observed. Our results confirm for the first time that in an in vivo model as Drosophila, AgNPs are able to cross the intestinal barriers and produce primary DNA damage (comet assay) via oxidative stress induction. In general, the effects induced by silver nitrate were more pronounced than those induced by AgNPs what would emphasize the role of silver ions in the observed effects. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:277-285, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alaraby
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Sara Romero
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Pisanic TR, Asaka S, Lin SF, Yen TT, Sun H, Bahadirli-Talbott A, Wang TH, Burns KH, Wang TL, Shih IM. Long Interspersed Nuclear Element 1 Retrotransposons Become Deregulated during the Development of Ovarian Cancer Precursor Lesions. Am J Pathol 2019; 189:513-520. [PMID: 30553834 PMCID: PMC6412403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that most high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas likely arise from local dissemination of precursor lesions of the fallopian tube. Evolution of these lesions from early p53 signatures to latter-stage, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs) is characterized by cytologic atypia, accumulation of somatic mutations, and genomic instability, the etiologies of which remain unclear. Long interspersed element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon is expressed in many carcinomas, including high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, where it contributes to genomic instability; however, the timing of LINE-1 activation during this evolution has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we assessed LINE-1 open reading frame 1 protein expression in 12 p53 signature lesions, 32 STICs, and 112 various types of ovarian cancers via immunohistochemical staining and examined LINE-1 promoter methylation in representative cases. We found that 78% and 57% of STICs, with and without concurrent ovarian carcinomas, respectively, exhibited intense LINE-1 immunoreactivity compared with adjacent, normal-appearing fallopian tube epithelium. Hypomethylation of the LINE-1 promoter was found in all STICs exhibiting overexpression. None of the 12 p53 signatures demonstrated significant LINE-1 expression. In ovarian cancer, 84 (75%) of 112 ovarian carcinomas overexpressed LINE-1. Our results indicate that LINE-1 retrotransposons often become deregulated during progression of ovarian cancer precursor lesions from the p53 signature to STIC stages and remain highly expressed in carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Pisanic
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shiho Asaka
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shiou-Fu Lin
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ting-Tai Yen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hanru Sun
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen H Burns
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Sami MM, Hachim MY, Hachim IY, Elbarkouky AH, López-Ozuna VM. Nucleostemin expression in breast cancer is a marker of more aggressive phenotype and unfavorable patients' outcome: A STROBE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14744. [PMID: 30817632 PMCID: PMC6831441 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are postulated to play significant role in the pathogenesis, progression as well as drug resistance of breast cancer. Nucleostemin (NS) is thought to be a key molecule for stemness, and the clinical impact of NS immunoreactivity in breast cancer can indicate its actual role and future therapeutic potentials.The current study is an observational study with an attempt to evaluate the correlation between NS expression (protein and gene expression levels) and different clinicopathological attributes of invasive breast cancer. For that reason, we investigated NS immunohistochemistry expression on commercial tissue microarray (TMA) of 102 patients and 51 archival specimens from patients admitted to Saqr Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah and diagnosed in Al Baraha Hospital, Dubai, UAE. In addition, the association between NS (GNL3) gene expression and different prognostic parameters as well as patient outcome was also evaluated using 2 large publicly available databases.Interestingly, we found NS expression to be associated with less differentiated and more advance stage. In addition, NS expression was significantly higher in larger size (P = .001) and LN-positive tumors (P = .007). Notably, NS expression was significantly correlated to P53 positive (P = .037) status. Furthermore, NS was found to be more expressed in the highly aggressive breast cancer subtypes including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. Moreover, our results also showed that high GNL3 gene expression to be associated with poor patient outcome and higher chances of tumor recurrence.Our results highlight NS expression as a marker of aggressive phenotype and poor outcome and indicate its possible use as a potential target for CSC-associated breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M. Sami
- Department of Pathology, Ras Al Khaimah College of Medical Sciences, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismaillia, Egypt
| | - Mahmood Y. Hachim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Y. Hachim
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Cancer Research Program, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ahmed H. Elbarkouky
- Department of Pathology, Al Baraha Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Vanessa M. López-Ozuna
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Singh Angom R, Wang Y, Wang E, Pal K, Bhattacharya S, Watzlawik JO, Rosenberry TL, Das P, Mukhopadhyay D. VEGF receptor-1 modulates amyloid β 1-42 oligomer-induced senescence in brain endothelial cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:4626-4637. [PMID: 30576228 PMCID: PMC6404587 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802003r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aggregated amyloid β (Aβ) peptides in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain are hypothesized to trigger several downstream pathologies, including cerebrovascular dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that Aβ peptides can have antiangiogenic properties, which may contribute to vascular dysfunction in the early stages of the disease process. We have generated data showing that brain endothelial cells (ECs) exposed to toxic Aβ1-42 oligomers can readily enter a senescence phenotype. To determine the effect of Aβ oligomers on brain ECs, we treated early passaged human brain microvascular ECs and HUVECs with high MW Aβ1-42 oligomers (5 µM, for 72 h). For controls, we used no peptide treatment, 5 µM Aβ1-42 monomers, and 5 µM Aβ1-42 fibrils, respectively. Brain ECs treated with Aβ1-42 oligomers showed increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining and increased senescence-associated p21/p53 expression. Treatment with either Aβ1-42 monomer or Aβ1-42 fibrils did not induce senescence in this assay. We then measured vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) expression in the Aβ1-42 oligomer-treated ECs, and these cells showed significantly increased VEGFR-1 expression and decreased VEGFR-2 levels. Overexpression of VEGFR-1 in brain ECs readily induced senescence, suggesting a direct role of VEGFR-1 signaling events in this paradigm. More importantly, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of VEGFR-1 expression in brain ECs was able to prevent up-regulation of p21 protein expression and significantly reduced induction of senescence following Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment. Our studies show that exposure to Aβ1-42 oligomers may impair vascular functions by altering VEGFR-1 expression and causing ECs to enter a senescent phenotype. Altered VEGFR expression has been documented in brains of AD patients and suggests that this pathway may play a role in AD disease pathogenesis. These studies suggest that modulating VEGFR-1 expression and signaling events could potentially prevent senescence and rejuvenate EC functions, and provides us with a novel target to pursue for prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular dysfunction in AD.-Angom, R. S., Wang, Y., Wang, E., Pal, K., Bhattacharya, S., Watzlawik, J. O., Rosenberry, T. L., Das, P., Mukhopadhyay, D. VEGF receptor-1 modulates amyloid β 1-42 oligomer-induced senescence in brain endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Enfeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | | | | | - Jens O. Watzlawik
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Terrone L. Rosenberry
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Pritam Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
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Nazim UMD, Park SY. Attenuation of autophagy flux by 6-shogaol sensitizes human liver cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via p53 and ROS. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:701-708. [PMID: 30483736 PMCID: PMC6317668 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑related apoptosis‑inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF superfamily and is an antitumor drug that induces apoptosis in tumor cells with minimal or no effects on normal cells. Here, it is demonstrated that 6‑shogaol (6‑sho), a bioactive component of ginger, exerted anti‑inflammatory and anticancer properties, attenuated tumor cell propagation and induced TRAIL‑mediated cell death in liver cancer cells. The current study identified a potential pathway by revealing that TRAIL and 6‑sho or chloroquine acted together to trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, to upregulate tumor‑suppressor protein 53 (p53) expression and to change the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP). Treatment with N‑acetyl‑L‑cysteine reversed these effects, restoring the MTP and attenuated ROS production and p53 expression. Interestingly, treatment with 6‑sho increased p62 and microtubule‑associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B‑II levels, indicating an inhibited autophagy flux. In conclusion, attenuation of 6‑sho‑induced autophagy flux sensitized cells to TRAIL‑induced apoptosis via p53 and ROS, suggesting that the administration of TRAIL in combination with 6‑sho may be a suitable therapeutic method for the treatment of TRAIL‑resistant Huh7 liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddin MD. Nazim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, Republic of Korea
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Natarajan U, Venkatesan T, Radhakrishnan V, Samuel S, Rasappan P, Rathinavelu A. Cell Cycle Arrest and Cytotoxic Effects of SAHA and RG7388 Mediated through p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 in Cancer Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55020030. [PMID: 30700046 PMCID: PMC6409969 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Alterations in gene expressions are often due to epigenetic modifications that can have a significant influence on cancer development, growth, and progression. Lately, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, or vorinostat, MK0683) have been emerging as a new class of drugs with promising therapeutic benefits in controlling cancer growth and metastasis. The small molecule RG7388 (idasanutlin, R05503781) is a newly developed inhibitor that is specific for an oncogene-derived protein called MDM2, which is also in clinical trials for the treatment of various types of cancers. These two drugs have shown the ability to induce p21 expression through distinct mechanisms in MCF-7 and LNCaP cells, which are reported to have wild-type TP53. Our understanding of the molecular mechanism whereby SAHA and RG7388 can induce cell cycle arrest and trigger cell death is still evolving. In this study, we performed experiments to measure the cell cycle arrest effects of SAHA and RG7388 using MCF-7 and LNCaP cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis/necroptosis effects of the SAHA and RG7388 treatments were assessed using the Trypan Blue dye exclusion (TBDE) method, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, fluorescence assay with DEVD-amc substrate, and immunoblotting methods. RESULTS The RG7388 treatment was able to induce cell death by elevating p21WAF1/CIP1 through inhibition of MDM2 in LNCaP, but not in MCF-7 cells, even though there was evidence of p53 elevation. Hence, we suspect that there is some level of uncoupling of p53-mediated transcriptional induction of p21WAF1/CIP1 in MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION Our results from MCF-7 and LNCaP cells confirmed that SAHA and RG7388 treatments were able to induce cell death via a combination of cell cycle arrest and cytotoxic mechanisms. We speculate that our findings could lead to the development of newer treatments for breast and prostate cancers with drug combinations including HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umamaheswari Natarajan
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India.
| | - Thiagarajan Venkatesan
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
| | | | - Shila Samuel
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India.
| | - Periannan Rasappan
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India.
| | - Appu Rathinavelu
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
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Bonda TA, Dziemidowicz M, Cieslinska M, Tarasiuk E, Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek N, Bialuk I, Winnicka MM, Kaminski KA. Interleukin 6 Knockout Inhibits Aging-Related Accumulation of p53 in the Mouse Myocardium. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:176-182. [PMID: 29718116 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL6) and p53 are linked by mutual regulatory mechanisms and are both upregulated in aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aging and IL6 on expression of p53 in the mouse heart. Male C57BL6/J wild-type and IL6 knockout mice at the age of 4-5 months (young adult) and 24-30 months (old) were used. Myocardial expression of proteins such as p53, p21, Mdm2, and phospho-Akt/Akt was estimated using Western blotting and expression of p53 and p21 mRNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Expression of p53 protein was lower in IL6 knockout hearts than in wild-type hearts. Aging caused significant upregulation of p53 protein level; however, it was significantly higher in old wild-type hearts than in old IL6 knockout hearts (p < .05). Similar p53 mRNA levels in all groups implied IL6 influence on age-related proteasomal degradation of p53. Localization of p53 mainly in the extranuclear compartment and lack of p21 upregulation in aged hearts may suggest quenched transcriptional activity of p53 despite increased abundance of p53. We conclude that lack of IL6 attenuates expression of p53 protein in the hearts of young mice and diminishes its accumulation with aging by post-transcriptional mechanisms; however, this is not related to altered phenotype of aging heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz A Bonda
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dziemidowicz
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Cieslinska
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Tarasiuk
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Izabela Bialuk
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maria M Winnicka
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karol A Kaminski
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
- Department of Population Medicine and Civilization Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
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Ci B, Wang W, Ni Y. Inhibitory effect of Saposhnikovia divaricate polysaccharide on fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis rat in vitro. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:2791-2798. [PMID: 30630786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To study the mechanism and inhibitory effect of Saposhnikovia divaricata polysaccharide (SDP) on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) isolated from rheumatoid arthritis rat model. Rheumatoid arthritis rat model was established by the classical composite factors including wind, cold, damp plus biological agents. The synovial tissues were digested with trypsin to isolate FLS cells. The different dosage of SDP was applied in culture. The cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and the apoptosis was determined by analytic flow cytometry. The expression change of p53 gene was monitored by RT-PCR method. The production of secretory inflammation factors TNF-α and IL-1β were determined by ELISA. The proliferative and apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, MMP-1, MMP-3, P53 were measured by western blotting. Our data demonstrated that treatment with high concentration of SDP could enhance the expression of P53 at both mRNA (P<0.05) and protein (P<0.05) level, inhibit the secretion of TNF-α (P<0.05) and IL-1β (P<0.05). Simultaneously, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and level of MMP-1, MMP-3 was significantly decreased, and apoptotic marker caspase-3 protein was increased. In addition, the FACS analysis consistently consolidated the apoptosis-inducing effect of SDP on RAFLS. SDP could significantly inhibit dysplasia of RAFLS via modulation of p53 expression and suppression of inflammatory factors, which suggested a potential therapeutic value for rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Ci
- Department of Orthopedics, The Wendeng Osteopath Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Wendeng Osteopath Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Yongan Ni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Ballester LY, Boghani Z, Baskin DS, Britz GW, Olsen R, Fuller GN, Powell SZ, Cykowski MD. Creutzfeldt astrocytes may be seen in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma and retain expression of DNA repair and chromatin binding proteins. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:1012-1019. [PMID: 29509313 PMCID: PMC8028565 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes with multiple micronuclei ("Creutzfeldt cells") in a brain biopsy are classically associated with demyelinating disease. However, glioblastoma may also have prominent Creutzfeldt astrocytes, along with granular mitoses. Therefore, Creutzfeldt cells may raise the diagnostic dilemma of high-grade glioma vs tumefactive demyelination. While cases of glioblastoma (GBM) with Creutzfeldt astrocytes have been reported, their clinicopathologic spectrum and genetic features are not understood. Studies have proposed that micronuclei in Creutzfeldt cells are a consequence of DNA damage, or may be susceptible to DNA damage and chromothripsis, but their biology in the context of glioblastoma remains unclear. Based on a challenging index case of GBM with mild hypercellularity, Creutzfeldt astrocytes, and granular mitoses on biopsy, we searched our archives for additional cases with similar histopathologic features. We identified 13 cases, reviewed their clinico-radiologic and pathologic features, and examined them for recurrent genetic alterations via NGS (9 cases) and for evidence of DNA damage by immunohistochemistry for DNA repair and chromatin remodeling proteins. We found that Creutzfeldt cell-rich GBMs were IDH-wildtype with no recurring genetic alterations. To test our hypothesis that micronuclei demonstrate loss of DNA repair or chromatin remodeling proteins, we examined the expression of various proteins (MDM2, p53, MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, MSH6, ATRX, INI1, SATB2, Ki67, pHH3) in Creutzfeldt cell rich-GBM. There was intact expression of DNA repair and chromatin remodeling proteins, with accumulation of p53 and reduced MDM2 expression within micronuclei. In contrast, granular mitoses showed pHH3 expression, confirming these cells are undergoing mitotic division, with no accumulation of p53 and reduced expression of DNA repair proteins. Our results emphasize that Creutzfeldt cells are part of the morphologic spectrum of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. We did not find a role for DNA damage in the generation of Creutzfeldt cells, as both DNA repair and chromatin remodeling protein expression was retained in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leomar Y. Ballester
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTX
| | - Zain Boghani
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
| | - David S. Baskin
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
- Weill Cornel Medical CollegeNew YorkNY
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Institute of Academic MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Gavin W. Britz
- Department of NeurosurgeryHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
- Weill Cornel Medical CollegeNew YorkNY
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Institute of Academic MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Randall Olsen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
- Weill Cornel Medical CollegeNew YorkNY
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Institute of Academic MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Gregory N. Fuller
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX
| | - Suzanne Z. Powell
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
- Weill Cornel Medical CollegeNew YorkNY
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Institute of Academic MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Matthew D. Cykowski
- Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
- Weill Cornel Medical CollegeNew YorkNY
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Institute of Academic MedicineHoustonTX
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Abrão F, Modotti WP, Spadoto-Dias D, Bueloni-Dias FN, Leite NJ, Peres GF, Elias LV, Domingues MAC, Dias R. Concomitant p53 and PTEN immunoexpression to predict the risk of malignancy in endometrial polyps. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12304. [PMID: 30235677 PMCID: PMC6160221 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to assess the usefulness of phosphase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and p53 protein immunoexpression in predicting the risk of malignancy in endometrial polyps. The study was conducted at tertiary public hospital, university teaching center, and private practice clinic.A total of 159 patients with endometrial polyps who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy between January 2010 to December 2014 were included. p53 and PTEN immunoexpression were assessed in histologic endometrial polyp samples. Patients were allocated into 2 groups: group A, endometrial polyps without atypia (120), and group B, endometrial polyps with atypia (39), which were subdivided into A1 (80) and B1 (21) = p53-/PTEN+ immunostaining; A2 (20) and B2 (11) = p53+/PTEN+; A3 (14) and B3 (4) = p53+/PTEN-; A4 (6) and B4 (3) = p53-/PTEN-.There was no significant difference between groups regarding clinical and epidemiologic parameters, except for age. Neoplasia incidence within groups was higher when at least 1 marker was abnormally stained (in group A, P = .0089, odds ratio [OR] = 13.94 [1.62; 120.27]; in group B, P = .0255, OR 12.73 [1.38; 117.27]). Overall neoplasia incidence was higher in group B than in group A (20.5% vs 5.8%; P = .0113). Malignant neoplasia was found more frequently in patients with p53+ (P = .0006, OR = 7.67 [2.30; 25.54]) and PTEN- (P = .0043; OR = 5.43 [1.77; 16.61]).Immunohistochemical analysis using p53 and PTEN as markers, either alone or concomitantly, can be useful to predict malignant transformation in cases of endometrial polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Féres Abrão
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Hospital Beneficente Unimar - HBU, University of Marília - UNIMAR Medical School, Marília
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Erekat NS, Al-Jarrah MD. Association of Parkinson Disease Induction with Cardiac Upregulation of Apoptotic Mediators P53 and Active Caspase-3: An Immunohistochemistry Study. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2018; 24:120-126. [PMID: 30135418 PMCID: PMC6118164 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.910307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). Active caspase-3, which is a proapoptotic factor, has been shown to reduce cardiac contractility, causing cardiac dysfunction in many pathological diseases. Reduced cardiac contractility and cardiac autonomic dysfunction have been reported in PD patients and PD mice treated with MPTP. The aim of this study was to show the impact of PD induction on the expression of the apoptotic mediators p53 and active caspase-3 in the heart. MATERIAL AND METHODS Equal control and PD groups were formed by 20 randomly selected normal albino mice. We used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (25 mg/kg) and probenecid (250 mg/kg) (MPTP/p) to induce chronic Parkinsonism in the PD group. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of p53, active caspase-3, and β-adrenergic receptor in hearts from the 2 animal groups. RESULTS P53 and active caspase-3 expression was significantly higher in PD hearts than in the control hearts (p value <0.01). β-adrenergic receptor expression was significantly lower in PD hearts than in control hearts (p value <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results show an association of PD with p53 and active caspase-3 overexpression and β-adrenergic receptor underexpression in the heart, potentially promoting the cardiac autonomic dysfunction frequently observed in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour S. Erekat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Muhammed D. Al-Jarrah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Abstract
Gene therapy has been evaluated for the treatment of prostate cancer and includes the application of adenoviral vectors encoding a suicide gene or oncolytic adenoviruses that may be armed with a functional transgene. In parallel, versions of adenoviral vector expressing the p53 gene (Ad-p53) have been tested as treatments for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. Although Ad-p53 gene therapy has yielded some interesting results when applied to prostate cancer, it has not been widely explored, perhaps due to current limitations of the approach. To achieve better functionality, improvements in the gene transfer system and the therapeutic regimen may be required. We have developed adenoviral vectors whose transgene expression is controlled by a p53-responsive promoter, which creates a positive feedback mechanism when used to drive the expression of p53. Together with improvements that permit efficient transduction, this new approach was more effective than the use of traditional versions of Ad-p53 in killing prostate cancer cell lines and inhibiting tumor progression. Even so, gene therapy is not expected to replace traditional chemotherapy but should complement the standard of care. In fact, chemotherapy has been shown to assist in viral transduction and transgene expression. The cooperation between gene therapy and chemotherapy is expected to effectively kill tumor cells while permitting the use of reduced chemotherapy drug concentrations and, thus, lowering side effects. Therefore, the combination of gene therapy and chemotherapy may prove essential for the success of both approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Esaki Tamura
- Laboratório de Vetores Virais, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Igor Vieira de Luna
- Laboratório de Vetores Virais, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Marlous Gomes Lana
- Laboratório de Vetores Virais, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Bryan E Strauss
- Laboratório de Vetores Virais, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail: ,
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Kuang WB, Huang RZ, Qin JL, Lu X, Qin QP, Zou BQ, Chen ZF, Liang H, Zhang Y. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives as potential antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:139-150. [PMID: 30092368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives (5a1-5d6) were designed and synthesized as antitumor agents. In vitro antitumor assay results showed that some compounds exhibited moderate to high inhibitory activity against HepG2, SK-OV-3, NCI-H460 and BEL-7404 tumor cell lines, and most compounds exhibited much lower cytotoxicity against the HL-7702 normal cell line compared to 5-FU and cisplatin. In vivo antitumor assay results demonstrated that 5a3 exhibited effective inhibition on tumor growth in the NCI-H460 xenograft mouse model and that 5d3 displayed excellent antiproliferative activity in the BEL-7402 xenograft model. These results suggested that both 5a3 and 5d3 could be used as anticancer drug candidates. Mechanistic studies suggested that compounds 5a3 and 5d3 exerted their antitumor activity by up-regulation of Bax, intracellular Ca2+ release, ROS generation, downregulation of Bcl-2, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and subsequent cleavage of PARP, inhibition of CDK activity and activation of the p53 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ri-Zhen Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jiao-Lan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bi-Qun Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Guilin Normal College, Xinyi Road 15, Guangxi 541001, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Guilin Normal College, Xinyi Road 15, Guangxi 541001, China.
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Gee MS, Kang SB, Kim N, Choi J, Kim NJ, Kim BJ, Inn KS, Lee JK. Bardoxolone Methyl Suppresses Hepatitis B Virus Large Surface Protein Variant W4P-Related Carcinogenesis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via the Inhibition of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Signaling. Pharmacology 2018; 102:105-113. [PMID: 29953997 DOI: 10.1159/000489998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Bardoxolone methyl (CDDO-me) is a synthetic triterpenoid that has been shown to suppress various cancers and inflammation. It has been implicated for the suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-mediated signaling, which plays crucial roles in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previously, we showed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) large surface protein (LHB) variant W4P promotes carcinogenesis and tumor progression through STAT3 activation. Thus, we examined the anti-cancer activity of CDDO-me against HCC using W4P-LHB-expressing NIH3T3 cells and HepG2 and Huh7 HCC cell lines. CDDO-me exerted cytotoxic activity against W4P-LHB-expressing NIH3T3 cells, HepG2 cells, and Huh7 cells, and induced apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating its anti-cancer activity against HCC. Sublethal concentrations of CDDO-me suppressed STAT3 activation by W4P-LHB ectopic expression and interleukin-6 treatment in W4P-LHB-NIH3T3 and Huh7 cells respectively. The suppression of STAT3 activation by CDDO-me in W4P-LHB-NIH3T3 cells was further confirmed by decreased cyclin D1 protein levels and increased p21 and p53 mRNA synthesis. In addition, CDDO-me treatment resulted in decreased cell migration and colony formation in in vitro assays using W4P-LHB-NIH3T3, HepG2, or Huh7 cell lines, supporting its anti-cancer activity through STAT3 inhibition. Furthermore, -CDDO-me administration significantly suppressed tumor growth induced by W4P-LHB-expressing NIH3T3 cells in nude mice, confirming its anti-cancer activity. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that CDDO-me is capable of suppressing STAT3 activation in HCC cells and cells transformed by the natural variant of HBV protein. The results suggest that CDDO-me can be a potential therapeutic agent against HCC, especially tumors related to HBV mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Gee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkwon Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Choi
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Liver Research Institute, Cancer Research Institute and SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hamilton ME, Bols NC, Duncker BP. The characterization of γH2AX and p53 as biomarkers of genotoxic stress in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) brain cell line. Chemosphere 2018; 201:850-858. [PMID: 29554631 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rainbow trout cell cultures were exposed to three genotoxicants and examined for effects on γH2AX and p53 levels by western blotting and on cell viability using the indicator dyes Alamar Blue (AB) for energy metabolism and 5'-carboxyfluorescein diacetate acetoxymethyl ester (CFDA-AM) for plasma membrane integrity. Bleomycin induced γH2AX and p53 in a dose- and time-dependent manner and had little cytotoxic effect. However, induction was first seen at 0.3 μM for γH2AX but not until 16.5 μM for p53. Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) increased H2AX phosphorylation but diminished p53 levels as the dose was increased from 908 μM up to 2724 μM. Over this dose range cell viability was progressively lost. 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (NQO) induced both γH2AX and p53, beginning at 62.5 nM, which was also the concentration at which cell viability began to decline. As the NQO concentration increased further, elevated γH2AX was detected at up to 2.0 μM, while p53 was elevated up to 1.0 μM. Therefore, H2AX phosphorylation was superior to p53 levels as a marker of DNA damage caused by genotoxicants that act by introducing double-stranded DNA breaks (bleomycin), alkyl groups (MMS), and quinoline adducts (NQO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Hamilton
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Niels C Bols
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Bernard P Duncker
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Abstract
Purpose The pathogenesis of pterygium is still not completely understood and many environmental factors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, play an important role in its etiology. Chronic exposure to UV radiation causes mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, eventually leading to tumor formation. We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of p53 proteins in pterygial tissues to determine the role of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in the development of pterygium. Methods Pterygial specimens were studied immunohistochemically using antibodies against p53 protein. Results Out of 38 specimens studied, 35 (92.1%) had conjunctival epithelial cells without p53 specific nuclear staining. Only three specimens (7.9%) had a few p53 stained cells. The role of UV radiation in the pathogenesis of pterygium is supported by epidemiological, geographical and microscopic findings. However, our results are not consistent with these data on a genetic basis. Conclusions We conclude that defective p53 tumor suppressor gene function seems to have no role in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Onur
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
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Uno M, Oba-Shinjo SM, Wakamatsu A, Huang N, Ferreira Alves VA, Rosemberg S, de Aguiar P, Leite C, Miura F, Marino RJ, Scaff M, Nagahashi-Marie SK. Association of TP53 Mutation, p53 Overexpression, and p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Apoptosis in Adult Patients with Diffuse Astrocytomas. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 21:50-7. [PMID: 16711514 DOI: 10.1177/172460080602100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Clarification of TP53 alterations is important to understand the mechanisms underlying the development of diffuse astrocytomas. It has been suggested that the alleles of TP53 at codon 72 differ in their ability to induce apoptosis in human cancers. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible association of TP53 mutation, p53 overexpression, and p53 codon 72 polymorphism with susceptibility to apoptosis in adult Brazilian patients with diffuse astrocytomas. We analyzed 56 surgical specimens of diffuse astrocytomas for alterations of TP53, using polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) direct sequencing. p53 and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry. We found TP53 mutations in 19.6% (11 out of 56) of tumors tested, with the lowest mutation rate found in the cases of glioblastomas (8.8%) (p = 0.03). Only 16.1% of tumors tested showed cleaved caspase 3-positive staining, demonstrating that apoptosis is very inhibited in these tumors. All tumors having TP53 mutation and p53 accumulation had no expression of cleaved caspase 3. Additionally, no association was observed in tumors having proline and arginine alleles and expression of cleaved caspase 3. We concluded that clarification of the TP53 alterations allows a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the progression of diffuse astrocytomas, and the allele status at codon 72 was not associated with apoptosis in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uno
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
There is growing interest in assessing multistep carcinogenesis and predicting its course using different molecular markers. TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene and appears to be one of the molecular targets of tobacco-related carcinogens in oral cancer. The present study evaluated the role of p53 expression in patients with leukoplakia and carcinoma of the tongue. p53 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry. All patients with leukoplakia of the tongue were male tobacco users. Nuclear staining of p53 was observed in 79% of those patients. Fifty percent, 25% and 4% of the patients expressed 1+, 2+ and 3+ nuclear staining, respectively. When leukoplakia patients were graded according to histopathology, 67% had hyperplasia and 33% had dysplasia. Nuclear p53 accumulation was 88% in hyperplasia and 62% in dysplasia. In patients with tongue cancer, nuclear accumulation of p53 was seen in only 19% of the tumors, with a staining intensity of 1+ in 13%, 2+ in 2% and 3+ in 4% of the tumors. The prevalence of nuclear p53 positivity (79%) was significantly higher in patients with leukoplakia than in patients with tongue cancer (19%; χ2 = 34.32, r = –0.45, df = 1, p = 0.0001; odds ratio (OR) = 16.66, 95% CI, 5.25–52.86). Therefore, leukoplakia patients who show p53 expression have a higher risk of developing tongue cancer than those who do not show p53 expression. As the percentage of positivity of nuclear p53 was very low, none of the clinicopathological parameters or disease status showed any significant association with it. The interesting finding is that none of the female cancer patients showed nuclear p53 expression. Therefore, p53 accumulation is believed to be an early event in neoplastic progression of the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Vora
- Immunohistochemistry Division, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
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Fijołek J, Wiatr E, Rowińska-Zakrzewska E, Giedronowicz D, Langfort R, Chabowski M, Orłowski T, Roszkowski K. p53 and HER2/neu Expression in Relation to Chemotherapy Response in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 21:81-7. [PMID: 16847810 DOI: 10.1177/172460080602100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate a relation between p53 and HER2/neu expression in resected lung tumors and the response of those tumors to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The study population included 67 consecutive patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage II or III who were operated on at the Institute of Tuberculosis, Warsaw, Poland, between 20 April 2001 and 10 March 2003. All patients received two cycles of chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin and vinorelbine prior to the operation. The response to therapy was assessed as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD), on the basis of CT scans performed before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. p53 and HER2/neu protein expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against p53 (clone PAb 1801, Novocastra) and against HER2/neu (Dako) in paraffin-embedded specimens of tumors. A response to therapy (CR+PR) was observed in 27 patients, while 40 patients (SD+PD) were regarded as resistant to therapy. Resistance was observed significantly more often in tumors above 3 cm in diameter. p53 expression was found in 16 tumors (23.9%) and HER2/neu in 26 tumors (38.8%). We observed a nonsignificant tendency to chemoresistance in tumors with HER-2/neu overexpression and also in tumors with p53 overexpression. If we consider HER-2/neu and p53 together, chemoresistance was observed statistically significantly more often when one or both markers were positive (p<0.05). This significance was independent of tumor size.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fijołek
- Third Department of Pneumonology, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland.
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Nicolini A, Campani D, Miccoli P, Spinelli C, Carpi A, Menicagli M, Ferrari P, Gadducci G, Rossi G, Fini M, Giavaresi G, Bonazzi V, Giardino R. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Vegf) and Other Common Tissue Prognostic Indicators in Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 19:275-81. [PMID: 15646833 DOI: 10.1177/172460080401900404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
VEGF is a specific mitogen and survival factor for endothelial cells and a key promoter of angiogenesis in physiological and pathological conditions. Nevertheless, VEGF tissue evaluation in cancer patients as a prognostic factor compared to the conventional histological and biological parameters is still controversial. In this case-control study, tissue VEGF was retrospectively determined by immunohistochemistry and related to T, N, ER, PgR, c-erbB-2, p53, MIB-1 and cyclin D1 in 129 breast cancer patients. Seventy-four of these patients had developed distant metastases postoperatively. The remaining 55 patients had remained disease-free >10 years after surgery. In 17 (13%) of the 129 patients (six with distant metastases and eleven disease-free) tissue and plasma VEGF were concomitantly evaluated. In univariate analysis no significant differences in VEGF and tumor size were found between metastatic and disease-free patients, whereas there were significant differences in N, ER, PgR, c-erbB-2, p53, MIB-1 and cyclin D1 (p ranging from 0.001 to 0.0001). In multivariate analysis VEGF showed less significance than N, ER, c-erbB-2, MIB-1 and cyclin D1 (p=0.012, p=0.007, p=0.005, p=0.005, p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). VEGF was a significant unfavorable prognostic indicator only in the N+ subset (p=0.015), while ER (p=0.05 and p=0.021) and MIB-1 (p=0.031 and p=0.022) were significant in both the N+ and N– subgroups. In multivariate analysis in the 74 metastatic cases VEGF did not show any significance in relation to disease-free interval and overall survival from the time of mastectomy and from the time of relapse, whereas N and PgR did (p ranging from 0.018 to 0.001). In conclusion, tissue VEGF does not seem a suitable candidate to replace conventional histological and other common biological prognostic factors in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nicolini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
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Tanaka T, Iseki K, Tanaka K, Nakano T, Iino M, Goto K. DGKζ ablation engenders upregulation of p53 level in the spleen upon whole-body ionizing radiation. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 67:93-100. [PMID: 29079355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor gene product p53, which coordinates the cellular response to various stresses, is subject to tight regulation by a complex network of signal transduction. The DGK family metabolizes lipidic second messenger diacylglycerol to produce phosphatidic acid. Our earlier studies showed that one isozyme, DGKζ, is involved in the regulatory mechanism of p53. In a cellular model of doxorubicin-induced DNA damage, overexpression of wild-type DGKζ suppresses p53 protein induction and reduces apoptosis, whereas knockdown of DGKζ upregulates p53 protein level and promotes apoptosis. Further examination reveals that DGKζ facilitates p53 degradation via ubiquitin-proteasome system in the cytoplasm. However, it remains undetermined whether the regulatory mechanism of DGKζ on p53 function found in cell-based experiments is also functional at the animal level. This study was conducted to elucidate this point using an experiment with DGKζ-KO mice under DNA damage induced by whole-body ionizing radiation. Our results reveal that p53 protein is induced robustly in the spleen of DGKζ-KO mice upon exposure to ionizing radiation, thereby promoting apoptosis in this organ. Taken together, the results demonstrate that DGKζ plays a sentinel role in p53 expression at the cellular and organismal levels after DNA damaging stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Ken Iseki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakano
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Iino
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kaoru Goto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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Chen FY, Fang XY, Zhang H. Effect of polydatin on expression of p53 and Notch1 in brain tissue of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:133-138. [PMID: 29504377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary injury of brain tissue following cerebral infarction exhibits a complicated pathogenesis that is attributed to the induction of apoptosis and inflammatory response. The present study aimed to investigate the polydatin neuroprotective effects and their mode of action in cerebral ischemic injury. A total of 80 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a Sham operated group, a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group, a Polydatin low dose group and a Polydatin high dose group. A total of 20 rats were used in each group. The right MCAO model of rats was established using the modified Longa suture method. The animals in the intervention group were injected intraperitoneally with 12.5mg/kg and/or 50mg/kg of polydatin following infarction. The expression levels of p53 and Notch 1 were measured by immunohistochemical techniques. The degree of left limb hemiplegia in the MCAO group was different compared with that of the low and high dose group of polydatin. The score for the neurological function in the high-dose group of polydatin was lower than that in the MCAO group (High vs MCAO: 2.4±0.31 vs 3.9±0.23, P less than0.05). The results indicated that high dose polydatin could reduce brain edema following cerebral infarction and improve the behavioral score in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Chen
- Neurosurgery, Ningbo Second Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - X Y Fang
- Facial Features, Yinzhou Second Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H Zhang
- Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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