3901
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Wu J, Anderton-Loviny T, Smith CA, Hartley BS. Structure of wild-type and mutant repressors and of the control region of the rbt operon of Klebsiella aerogenes. EMBO J 1985; 4:1339-44. [PMID: 3891331 PMCID: PMC554346 DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03782.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentitol metabolism in Klebsiella aerogenes is encoded by continuous ribitol (rbt) and D-arabitol (dal) operons transcribed in bipolar fashion and sandwiched between long stretches of homologous DNA. The operons are separated by a central control region (2.2 kb) which encodes both the repressors and all the control sequences. The rbt repressor (270 amino acids) shows homology to the Escherichia coli lac repressor and other DNA-binding proteins. It is transcribed from the strand opposite the rbt operon and the intervening control region (254-bp) contains features which reflect the complex regulation. A rbt-constitutive mutant strain used in previous studies of experimental enzyme evolution encodes a truncated rbt-peptide of 133 residues due to a frameshift mutation.
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3902
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Wu J. [Experience in the care of a patient with locked-in syndrome]. ZHONGHUA HU LI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1985; 20:20-2. [PMID: 3846494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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3903
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Kimmel BE, Samson S, Wu J, Hirschberg R, Yarbrough LR. Tubulin genes of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense:nucleotide sequence of a 3.7-kb fragment containing genes for alpha and beta tubulins. Gene X 1985; 35:237-48. [PMID: 4043732 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most tubulin genes of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma rhodesiense are contained in 3.7-kb tandemly repeating units. One member of the 3.7-kb repeat family has been isolated from a T. rhodesiense genomic library, cloned, and sequenced. The 3646-bp fragment contains a complete alpha-tubulin gene and portions of two beta-tubulin genes. No introns are present. The genes are separated by 634- and 333-bp intergenic regions, which lack typical eukaryotic promoter and poly(A) signal sequences. However, both intergenic regions exhibit some structural similarity with sequences proposed to be involved in transcription termination and poly(A) addition in yeast. The 634-bp intergenic region shows homology to the "mini-exon" sequence associated with variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) and other trypanosome mRNAs. A comparable sequence is not found in the 333-bp intergenic region. T. rhodesiense alpha and beta-tubulins exhibit about 84-85% amino acid (aa) sequence homology with tubulins of mammals; the genes show about 74-75% nucleotide sequence homology. The alpha-tubulin contains 451 aa and the beta tubulin 442 aa; both have tyrosine as the C-terminal aa.
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3904
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Wu J. [Cyclosporin A: a new immunosuppressive peptide]. SHENG LI KE XUE JIN ZHAN [PROGRESS IN PHYSIOLOGY] 1985; 16:41-4. [PMID: 3890171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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3905
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Kellum JM, Wu J, Donowitz M. Enteric neural pathways inhibitory to rabbit duodenal serotonin release. Surgery 1984; 96:139-45. [PMID: 6147023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that adrenergic and cholinergic neural pathways mediate duodenal serotonin (5-HT) release from the mucosal surface after a luminal acid stimulus. To examine the overall neural contribution to 5-HT release, we studied the effects of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a nerve-conduction blocker, added to mucosal and/or serosal surfaces of rabbit duodenal mucosa in a modified Ussing chamber at both neutral and acid (pH 5) luminal pH. A specific radioimmunoassay was used to measure 5-HT. TTX (2 X 10(-7) M) increased mucosal 5-HT release significantly at luminal pH 7.4 and 5 when it was added to both mucosal and serosal surfaces (2.7- and 1.9-fold at pH 7.4 and pH 5, respectively; p less than 0.05 for each) or when it was added to the serosal surface only (3.4- and 1.8-fold; p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.01, respectively). TTX added only to the mucosal surface, however, reduced 5-HT release by 48.5% at pH 5 (p less than 0.01) and had no effect at pH 7.4. Since adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide are the two proposed mediators of a nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory neural system, we studied the effects of each on mucosal 5-HT release. While vasoactive intestinal polypeptide had no significant effect at either pH, ATP (10(-7)M) reduced acid-stimulated 5-HT release by approximately 50% (p less than 0.02). We conclude that a nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neural pathway that is inhibitory to mucosal 5-HT release resides primarily on the basal surface of mucosal cells. ATP is the most likely neurotransmitter involved in this response.
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3906
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Wu J. [Cyclic nucleotides and cell-mediated immunity in chronic cor pulmonale]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 1984; 23:264-6. [PMID: 6489020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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3907
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Kellum JM, Donowitz M, Cerel A, Wu J. Acid and isoproterenol cause serotonin release by acting on opposite surfaces of duodenal mucosa. J Surg Res 1984; 36:172-6. [PMID: 6694382 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(84)90084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Although most bodily serotonin (5-HT) is stored in intestinal enterochromaffin (EC) cells, the mechanism of its release is only now being elucidated. It has previously been reported that such stimuli as luminal acidification or exposure of both sides of a rabbit duodenal mucosal sheet to certain autonomic agonists stimulate release from the mucosal surface in the Ussing chamber model. The hypothesis in the present study is that acid acts only on the mucosal surface, whereas neural receptor agonists and antagonists act specifically on the serosal surface, as would be predicted by the location of acid in the gut lumen and nerve terminals at the bases of the EC cells. 5-HT release was measured by radioimmunoassay from the mucosal surface bathing solution. Duodenal mucosal sheets were exposed separately on the mucosal or serosal surfaces to acid (citric phosphate buffer, pH 5) or to isoproterenol (10(-5) M). The effect of atropine (10(-6) M) and propranolol (10(-6) M) on acid-stimulated mucosal release was studied by combining luminal acid stimulation with one of these antagonists, on either the mucosal or serosal surface. The results demonstrate significant (P less than 0.01) mucosal serotonin release (56 +/- 9 ng cm-2 hr-1) only with mucosal acidification. On the other hand, isoproterenol causes significant (P less than 0.05) serotonin release (12.4 +/- 3 ng cm-2 hr-1) only when introduced onto the serosal surface. Finally, the antagonists, atropine and propranolol, blocked acid-stimulated serotonin release only when added to the serosal surface. Since acid-induced serotonin release has been shown to be partially mediated by cholinergic and beta-adrenergic mechanisms, these findings suggest interconnection of mucosal acid receptors with submucosal neurons which mediate serotonin release by acting on the basal surface of the enterochromaffin cell.
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3908
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Buchsbaum MS, Cappelletti J, Ball R, Hazlett E, King AC, Johnson J, Wu J, DeLisi LE. Positron emission tomographic image measurement in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Ann Neurol 1984; 15 Suppl:S157-65. [PMID: 6611116 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410150730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Two analytical methods for assessing regional glucography with positron emission tomography were compared in 16 patients with schizophrenia and 11 patients with affective disorders. Patients were off all medication a minimum of 14 days and an average of 39.8 days. The subjects were administered fluorine-18-labeled 2-deoxyglucose just before receiving a 34-minute one-per-second series of unpleasant electrical stimuli to their right forearm while resting with their eyes closed in a darkened, acoustically attenuated psychophysiological testing chamber. Following monitored stimulation in the controlled environment, the subjects were scanned and the images were converted to values of glucose use in micromoles per 100 grams per minute, according to Sokoloff's model. Data were analyzed by a four-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for independent groups (normal subjects, schizophrenic patients, and patients with affective disorders) and for repeated measures of slice level (supraventricular, midventricular , and infraventricular ), hemisphere (right, left), and anteroposterior position (four sectors). Normal individuals and patient groups both showed a significant anteroposterior gradient in glucose use, with the highest values in the sector farthest to the front. Patients with schizophrenia and those with affective illnesses showed less of an anteroposterior gradient than normal individuals, especially at superior levels, which was statistically confirmed by ANOVA. Neither the group differences in whole-brain glucose use nor the left-right asymmetries reached statistical significance. A second technique, involving reconstruction of the lateral cortical surface, also revealed differences between schizophrenics and normal individuals in the superior frontal cortex. These results are consistent with our earlier reports of a relative hypofrontal function in schizophrenia compared with controls; they also extend the finding to the affective illnesses, the other group of major psychoses.
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3909
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Zander AR, Gray KN, Hester JP, Johnston DA, Spitzer G, Raulston GL, McCredie KB, Jardine JH, Wu J, Gleiser C. Rescue by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in dogs from bone marrow failure after total-body irradiation. Transfusion 1984; 24:42-5. [PMID: 6364476 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1984.24184122560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the minimum dose of buffy coat cells necessary to achieve hematopoietic rescue following supralethal irradiation, mongrel dogs under general anesthesia were subjected to leukacytapheresis using three different techniques of cell separation. The buffy coats were frozen with dimethylsulfoxide and stored at -196 degrees C until transfused. Sixteen dogs were irradiated with 800 rads and were supported with antibiotics and transfusions of irradiated homologous blood. They were transfused with the frozen and thawed buffy coat cells, and, if they survived, they were followed for 100 days, sacrificed, and their tissues studied. The mean yield of mononuclear cells during leukocytapheresis ranged from 4.1 +/- 2.0 X 10(9) (mean +/- SD) to 6.0 +/- 4.0 X 10(9) for the three leukacytapheresis methods; one technique was not as satisfactory as the other two. Six of the 16 dogs fully recovered with evidence of marrow rescue; however, only one had a dose of mononuclear cells less than 11.1 X 10(9). These data indicate that seven to 17 leukacytapheresis procedures would be required to reconstitute a 70 kilogram patient. These preliminary findings suggest that, because the yields of transplantable cells with current technology are not adequate, the transplantation potential of buffy coat cells exposed to mobilizing agents should be evaluated.
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3910
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Wu J. Sea Spray Production from Bubbles. Science 1983; 220:1410. [PMID: 17730660 DOI: 10.1126/science.220.4604.1410-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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3911
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Wu J. [Changes in the cyclic nucleotide contents in patients with lung cancer]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI XI JI BING ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 1983; 6:5-7. [PMID: 6307610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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3912
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Feingold KR, MacRae G, Moser AH, Wu J, Siperstein MD, Wiley MH. Differences in de novo cholesterol synthesis between the intact male and female rat. Endocrinology 1983; 112:96-103. [PMID: 6847837 DOI: 10.1210/endo-112-1-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Three different isotopes were used to quantify de novo sterologenesis in intact male and female rats. All three substrates (i.e. [14C]acetate, [14C]octanoate, and [3H]water) were incorporated into nonsaponifiable lipids and cholesterol at significantly greater rates in males than in females. Even with cholesterol feeding, male animals synthesized significantly more cholesterol and nonsaponifiable lipids than females. The primary site of this sex difference in sterologenesis is extrahepatic, extraintestinal tissues (e.g. carcass). In the carcass this sex difference is chiefly due to an enhancement of sterol synthesis in the skin of male rats. Cholesterol synthesis is 73% greater and nonsaponifiable lipid synthesis is 85% greater in the skin of males than in females. Moreover, de novo sterologenesis in skin is hormonally dependent. In castrated females, testosterone treatment results in a 2-fold stimulation of skin sterol synthesis compared to that in animals administered estradiol or oil vehicle alone. In castrated males, estradiol treatment caused a 30% reduction in skin cholesterol and nonsaponifiable lipid synthesis compared to that in animals administered testosterone. The effects of sex steroid hormones on skin are, therefore, probably responsible for mediating the observed sex difference in de novo sterol synthesis. Additionally, this study demonstrates that the administration of estradiol and testosterone in physiological doses to castrated animals has no effect on cholesterol or nonsaponifiable lipid synthesis in liver, intestine, or other nondermal tissues.
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3913
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Yang CS, Miao J, Yang W, Huang M, Wang T, Xue H, You S, Lu J, Wu J. Diet and vitamin nutrition of the high esophageal cancer risk population in Linxian, China. Nutr Cancer 1982; 4:154-64. [PMID: 7162996 DOI: 10.1080/01635588209513751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to examine the nutritional status of the population of Linxian (in Henan, China) known to be at high risk for esophageal cancer (EC), we analyzed blood samples and conducted 3-day dietary surveys on 3 groups of normal adults, age 40-50, from Henan province. Two groups were from Linxian, where the EC mortality rate is about 138/100,000 (Group C, consisting of volunteers with a family history of EC, and Group NC, consisting of those who did not have a family history of EC). The third group, Group F, was from Fanxian, where the EC mortality rate is about 24/100,000. The average plasma retinol level was found to be about 0.27 micrograms/ml in all 3 groups; about 13%-20% of the individuals had a level less than 0.2 micrograms/ml. The average plasma carotene level of all 3 groups appeared to be adequate, ranging from 0.5-1.0 micrograms/ml. About 23% of the subjects in both Groups C and NC had low (less than 2 micrograms/ml) plasma ascorbate levels; in Group F, 16% had low ascorbate levels. Less than 12% of the individuals in each of the 3 groups had erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficients less than 1.2, indicating a widely occurring riboflavin deficiency. Consumption of alcoholic beverages was not found to be a contributing factor to EC. The results of the present study reveal a deficiency of vitamins in the study populations, but do not indicate that the average nutritional status of the volunteers in Group C was worse than that of Groups NC and F with regard to vitamin A, ascorbate, and riboflavin.
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3914
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Wu J, Gu KJ, Ji RY. [Correlation of molecular orbital parameters and antiasthmatic activity of some alpha, beta-unsaturated cycloketones (author's transl)]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1981; 16:828-36. [PMID: 7342678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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3915
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Wu J, Gu KJ, Ji RY. [Hückel molecular orbital calculations of bis-(substituted-2-hydroxyphenyl)-sulfides]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1981; 16:718-20. [PMID: 7331821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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3916
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Law PY, Wu J, Koehler JE, Loh HH. Demonstration and characterization of opiate inhibition of the striatal adenylate cyclase. J Neurochem 1981; 36:1834-46. [PMID: 7241139 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The conditions in which Leu(5)-enkephalin inhibition of striatal adenylate cyclase was observed were defined. It was determined that enkephalin inhibition was dependent on GTP. The apparent K(m) for GTP in opiate inhibition was determined to be 0.5 and 2 micrometer when 0.1 mM- and 0.5 mM-ATP were used as substrate. ITP, but not CTP or UTP, could substitute for GTP in the reaction. Though the addition of monovalent cations-Na+, K+, Li+, Cs+, and choline+--stimulated striatal adenylate cyclase activity, enkephalin inhibition of striatal adenylate cyclase did not require Na+ when theophylline was used as the phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Under optimal conditions, i.e., 20 micrometer-GTP and 100 mM-Na+, Leu(5)-enkephalin inhibited the strial adenylate cyclase activity by 23-27%. When the enkephalin regulation of the cyclase activity was further characterized, it was observed that Leu(5)-enkephalin inhibited the rate of the enzymatic reaction. Kinetic analysis revealed that the opioid peptide decreases V (max) values but not the K(m) values for the substrates Mg2+ and Mg-ATP. Agents such as MnCl(2), NaF, and guanyl-5'-ylimido-diphosphate, which directly activated the adenylate cyclase, antagonized the opiate inhibition. Levorphanol and (-)naloxone were more potent than dextrorphan and (+) naloxone in inhibiting adenylate cyclase and in reversing the enkephalin inhibition, respectively. There were differences in the potencies of various opiate peptides in their inhibition of striatal adenylate cyclase activity, with Met5- > Leu(5)-enkephalin > beta-endorphin. The opiate receptor through which the enkephalin inhibition was observed is most likely delta in nature, since in the presence of either Na+ or K+, the magnitude of the alkaloid inhibition was reduced, whereas the peptide inhibition was either potentiated or not affected.
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3917
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Abstract
Measurements of air bubbles and sea spray are compared, showing that bubble bursting is the major mechanism for producing spray.
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3918
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Abstract
Microbial transformations of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, in cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Penicillium notatum were studied by high performance liquid chromatographic separation of metabolic fractions followed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of the metabolites. Two methyl-hydroxylated metabolites were identified in each of the incubations. The metabolic activation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon suggests a possible involvement of microorganisms in environmental carcinogenesis.
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3919
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Abstract
Pituitary cell cultures were used to investigate factors, such as species, sex, and age, which might be associated with differences in FSH regulation by estrogens. 17 beta-Estradiol at 10(-9) M inhibited spontaneous secretion of FSH in sheep, pig, and cow cell cultures (65-95%), had no detectable effect on rabbit cell cultures, and stimulated spontaneous secretion of FSH in rat cell cultures (1.5- to 5-fold). These differential effects of 17 beta-estradiol were not due to changes in cell division; gonadotrophs did not divide in culture, and general cell division was unaffected by 17 beta-estradiol. Differences in 17 beta-estradiol action on FSH secretion were not associated wih age or sex. Spontaneous secretion of FSH from pituitary cell cultures also varied according to species and was ranked: rabbit approximately equal to sheep > pig > rat > cow. Secretion and synthesis of FSH were tightly coupled in at least three of these species. Nonestrogenic steroids, such as androgens, progestins, and corticosterone, exhibited only minor effects on spontaneous secretion of FSH in either male or female sheep cell culture. These results clearly show that estrogens are capable of altering FSH secretion and synthesis differentially in pituitary cell cultures from different species. It is possible that the differences noted in pituitary cell cultures from various species also exist in vivo.
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3920
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3921
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Chan GM, Ash KO, Hentschel W, Wu J. Effects of bilirubin on ionized calcium. Clin Chem 1981; 27:204-5. [PMID: 7449116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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3922
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Wu J, Wong LK. Solvolysis of the bay-region diol-epoxide of benz(a)anthracene: a mass spectrometric technique to study the adduct. FEBS Lett 1980; 117:152-6. [PMID: 7409160 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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3923
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Gieren A, Hübner T, Wu J, Herberhold M, Bühlmeyer W. Die reaction von bis(trimethylsilyl)schwefeldiimid mit dodekacarbonyl-triruthenium, röntgenstrukturanalyse des produkts Ru2(CO)4[μ-Me3Si-NSN-COSiMe3]2. J Organomet Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)98899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3924
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Wieland DM, Wu J, Brown LE, Mangner TJ, Swanson DP, Beierwaltes WH. Radiolabeled adrenergi neuron-blocking agents: adrenomedullary imaging with [131I]iodobenzylguanidine. J Nucl Med 1980; 21:349-53. [PMID: 7381563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The tissue distributions of three radioiodinated neuron-blocking agents have been determined in dogs. Iodine-125-labeled meta- and para-iodobenzylguanidines show a striking affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla. Peak concentrations of the two isomers exceed those of previously reported adrenophilic compounds. High myocardial concentrations were also observed at early time intervals. Images of the dog's adrenal medullae have been obtained with para [131I]iodobenzylguanidine.
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3925
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Hitzemann R, Wu J, Hom D, Loh H. Brain locations controlling the behavioral effects of chronic amphetamine intoxication. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1980; 72:93-101. [PMID: 6162168 DOI: 10.1007/bf00433812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Rats were administered D-amphetamine repeatedly for 4 days. After day 1 of treatment, the amphetamine-induced increases in ambulation, rearing, and stereotyped activity were augmented. However, after 4 days treatment, the rearing and ambulatory responses became attenuated while the stereotyped activities remained augmented. Micro-injection studies revealed that both the augmentation and attenuation of nonstereotyped ambulation were generated from the nucleus accumbens. The augmentation of stereotyped behaviors was generated from the caudate nucleus. Chronically treated animals who were administered 0.7 but not 1.0 mg/kg apomorphine showed augmented behavioral response. Chronic amphetamine treatment significantly decreased (3H) spiroperidol binding in both the nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus. However, no effect on the DA-stimulated adenyl cyclase activity was observed in either brain region. It is concluded that repeated D-amphetamine administration selectively augments and attenuates D-amphetamine-induced behaviors and that these selective effects are mediated by different dopamine systems.
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