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Even C, Sagaon Teyssier L, Pointreau Y, Temam S, Huguet F, Geoffrois L, Schwarzinger M. Factors associated with under-reporting of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in cause-of-death records: A comparative study of two national databases in France from 2008 to 2012. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246252. [PMID: 33534860 PMCID: PMC7857613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To date, no study has evaluated the detection rate of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in cause-of-death records in Europe. Our objectives were to compare the number of deaths attributable to HNSCC from two national databases in France and to identify factors associated with under-reporting of HNSCC in cause-of-death records. METHODS The national hospital discharge database and the national underlying cause-of-death records were compared for all HNSCC-attributable deaths in adult patients from 2008 to 2012 in France. Factors associated with under-reporting of HNSCC in cause-of-death records were assessed using multivariate Poisson regression. RESULTS A total of 41,503 in-hospital deaths were attributable to HNSCC as compared to 25,647 deaths reported in national UCoD records (a detection rate of 62%). Demographics at death were similar in both databases with respect to gender (83% men), age (54% premature deaths at 25-64 years), and geographic distribution. In multivariate Poisson regression, under-reporting of HNSCC in cause-of-death records significantly increased in 2012 compared to 2010 (+7%) and was independently associated with a primary HNSCC site other than the larynx, a former primary or second synchronous cancer other than HNSCC, distant metastasis, palliative care, and death in hospitals other than comprehensive cancer care centers. The main study results were robust in a sensitivity analysis which also took into account deaths outside hospital (overall, 51,129 HNSCC-attributable deaths; a detection rate of 50%). For the year 2012, the age-standardized mortality rate for HNSCC derived from underlying cause-of-death records was less than half that derived from hospital discharge summaries (14.7 compared to 34.1 per 100,000 for men and 2.7 compared to 6.2 per 100,000 for women). CONCLUSION HNSCC is largely under-reported in cause-of-death records. This study documents the value of national hospital discharge databases as a complement to death certificates for ascertaining cancer deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Even
- Department of Surgical & Medical Head & Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Luis Sagaon Teyssier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Marseille, France
- Translational Health Economics Network (THEN), Paris, France
| | - Yoann Pointreau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, ILC- Institut inter-régionaL de Cancérologie, Centre Jean Bernard-Clinique Victor Hugo, Le Mans, France
| | - Stéphane Temam
- Department of Surgical & Medical Head & Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Florence Huguet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lionnel Geoffrois
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de cancérologie de Lorraine – Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
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Meng X, Matsumoto F, Mori T, Miura N, Ino Y, Onidani K, Kobayashi K, Matsuzaki Y, Yoshimoto S, Ikeda K, Honda K. BP180 Is a Prognostic Factor in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:1089-1099. [PMID: 33517320 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Prognosis plays a vital role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patient management and decision-making. This study aimed to identify the role of BP180 as a prognostic factor in HNSCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Protein expression of bullous pemphigoid antigen II (BP180) was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a tissue microarray study of 202 cases. RESULTS IHC analysis revealed that protein expression of BP180 among HNSCC patients differed significantly in the presence and absence of neural invasion, and according to T status in laryngeal and pharyngeal cancer subgroups. Overall survival and multivariate analysis showed that positive BP180-IHC and advanced clinical stage were significant independent positive predictors of mortality in HNSCC patients. In addition, in the oral cancer subgroup, independent positive predictors were positive BP180-IHC, advanced N status and neural invasion. In laryngeal and pharyngeal cancer subgroups, predictors were positive BP180-IHC and advanced clinical stage. CONCLUSION BP180 is a prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Meng
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nami Miura
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ino
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Onidani
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Kobayashi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuzaki
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Ikeda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan;
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Meng D, Liu T, Ma F, Wang M. Screening the key genes of prognostic value in the microenvironment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24184. [PMID: 33530209 PMCID: PMC7850760 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth common malignancy worldwide. The tumor microenvironment is highly related to tumor initiation, progression, and prognosis. This study aims to screen the tumor microenvironment related key genes of prognostic value for HNSCC.The gene expression and clinical data for HNSCC were downloaded from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). The immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores were downloaded from the website of the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Correlation of patient gender and tumor grade with immune/stromal/ESTIMATE score was tested. Patients were divided into low and high immune/stromal/ESTIMATE score subgroups. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of the immune/stromal/ESTIMATE score. Tumor microenvironment related differentially expressed genes were determined and applied for functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network was predicted. The prediction value of the common differentially expressed genes on patient survival was tested.Four hundred eighty samples with complete clinical, expression data, and immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores were enrolled for analysis. Immune/stromal/ESTIMATE score was higher in female patients than males. A total of 44 common differentially expressed genes were screened in high and low immune/stromal/ESTIMATE score subgroups. Of the 44 genes, 7 genes (ADGRG7, CSN3, CST8, KRT81, MUC7, MYH6, and SEZ6) were found to be closely related to patient survival. Enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes mainly enriched in the protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, extracellular region, G-protein coupled receptor activity, salivary secretion, and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed that POSTN and OGN were crucial microenvironments related genes.Tumor microenvironment related genes ADGRG7, CSN3, CST8, KRT81, MUC7, MYH6, and SEZ6 are valuable predictors for HNSCC patient survival. POSTN and OGN are crucial in modulating the microenvironment and tumor biology for HNSCC.
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Zhu P, Wang Y, Zhang W, Liu X. Anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy vs standard of care in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24339. [PMID: 33530227 PMCID: PMC7850637 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, a number of clinical trials for antibody drugs targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been carried out on recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M SCCHN) and reported promising prospects. To further evaluate and understand the effects and risk of anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy vs standard of care (SoC) in R/M SCCHN, we conducted this meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials. METHOD The potential eligible trials were searched from Cochrane library and Pubmed and Embase databases. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects and risk of anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy vs SoC in platinum refractory R/M SCCHN were selected. The outcomes, including objective response rate, disease control rate, progression-free survival, overall survival, and treatment-related adverse events, were extracted and pooled. RESULTS 1345 patients with R/M SCCHN from three randomized controlled trials were enrolled in this analysis. Compared with SoC, anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy could provide statistically significant overall survival benefit, hazard ratio (95% confidence interval ) = 0.79 [0.70-0.90]. However, we observed no significant difference between 2 treatments in progression-free survival (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.96 [0.85-1.09]). Furthermore, anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy caused less treatment-related adverse events than standard of care. CONCLUSION Anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy could indeed reduce the risk of death in R/M SCCHN patients, and provide higher safety vs SoC. Expression level of PD-L1 may be a useful biomarker for selecting patients with better response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy.
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Zhou H, He Y, Li L, Wu C, Hu G. Identification novel prognostic signatures for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma based on ceRNA network construction and immune infiltration analysis. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1297-1311. [PMID: 33526991 PMCID: PMC7847625 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common malignancy with high mortality and morbidity worldwide, but the underlying biological mechanisms of molecules and tumor infiltrating-immune cells (TIICs) are still unknown. Methods and Results: We obtained mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs expression profiles of 546 HNSCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to develop a ceRNA network. CIBERSORT was employed to estimate the fraction of 22 types of TIICs in HNSCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression and lasso regression analyses were used to develop prognostic signatures. Then, two novel risk signatures were constructed respectively based on six ceRNAs (ANLN, KIT, PRKAA2, NFIA, PTX3 and has-miR-148a-3p) and three immune cells (naïve B cells, regulatory T cells and Neutrophils). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and Cox regression analysis further proved that these two signatures were significant prognostic factors independent of multiple clinicopathological characteristics. Two nomograms were built based on ceRNAs-riskScore and TIICs-riskScore that could be used to predict the prognosis of HNSCC. Co-expression analysis showed significant correlations between miR-148a-3p and naive B cells, naive B cells and plasmas cells. Conclusion: Through construction of the ceRNA network and estimation of TIICs, we established two risk signatures and their nomograms with excellent utility, which indicated the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms, and predicted the prognosis of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P.R. China
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Anand AK, Agarwal JP, D'Cruz A, Dattatreya PS, Goswami C, Joshi A, Julka PK, Noronha V, Prabhash K, Rao RR, Kumar R, Toprani R, Saxena V. Evolving multidisciplinary treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in India ✰. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 26:100269. [PMID: 33338859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we highlight the evolution of a multimodal approach in the overall management of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) in India; present advances in technology (newer surgical techniques), novel medical and radiotherapy (RT) approaches; review their roles for an integrated approach for treating SCCHN and discuss the current role of immunotherapy in SCCHN. For locally advanced (LA) SCCHN, the multidisciplinary approach includes surgery followed by RT, with or without chemotherapy (CT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Improved surgical techniques of reconstruction and voice-preservation are being implemented. Advanced forms of high-precision conformal techniques like intensity-modulated radiotherapy are used to deliver highly conformal doses to tumors, sparing the surrounding normal tissue. Compared with RT alone, novel CT regimens and targeted therapeutic agents have the potential to improve locoregional control and survival and reduce treatment-induced toxicities. Several clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy, safety, and quality of life benefits of adding cetuximab to RT regimens in LASCCHN. Studies have also suggested a cetuximab-related laryngeal preservation benefit. At progression, platinum-based CT combined with cetuximab (a monoclonal anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody) is the only validated option available as the first-line therapy. Thus, an integrated multidisciplinary approach plays a key role in maximizing patient outcomes, reduction in treatment related morbidities that consequently impact quality of life of survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Anand
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | | | - A D'Cruz
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - C Goswami
- Superspeciality Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - A Joshi
- Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - P K Julka
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | - V Noronha
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | | - R Toprani
- Healthcare Global Enterprises Cancer Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - V Saxena
- Medical Affairs, Merck Specialities Pvt Ltd, India.
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Le QC, Arimura H, Ninomiya K, Kabata Y. Radiomic features based on Hessian index for prediction of prognosis in head-and-neck cancer patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21301. [PMID: 33277570 PMCID: PMC7718925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrated the usefulness of radiomic features based on the Hessian index of differential topology for the prediction of prognosis prior to treatment in head-and-neck (HN) cancer patients. The Hessian index, which can indicate tumor heterogeneity with convex, concave, and other points (saddle points), was calculated as the number of negative eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix at each voxel on computed tomography (CT) images. Three types of signatures were constructed in a training cohort (n = 126), one type each from CT conventional features, Hessian index features, and combined features from the conventional and index feature sets. The prognostic value of the signatures were evaluated using statistically significant difference (p value, log-rank test) to compare the survival curves of low- and high-risk groups. In a test cohort (n = 68), the p values of the models built with conventional, index, combined features, and clinical variables were 2.95 [Formula: see text] 10-2, 1.85 [Formula: see text] 10-2, 3.17 [Formula: see text] 10-2, and 1.87 [Formula: see text] 10-3, respectively. When the features were integrated with clinical variables, the p values of conventional, index, and combined features were 3.53 [Formula: see text] 10-3, 1.28 [Formula: see text] 10-3, and 1.45 [Formula: see text] 10-3, respectively. This result indicates that index features could provide more prognostic information than conventional features and further increase the prognostic value of clinical variables in HN cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Cuong Le
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Arimura
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kenta Ninomiya
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kabata
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Riege K, Kretzmer H, Sahm A, McDade SS, Hoffmann S, Fischer M. Dissecting the DNA binding landscape and gene regulatory network of p63 and p53. eLife 2020; 9:e63266. [PMID: 33263276 PMCID: PMC7735755 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor p53 is the best-known tumor suppressor, but its sibling p63 is a master regulator of epidermis development and a key oncogenic driver in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Despite multiple gene expression studies becoming available, the limited overlap of reported p63-dependent genes has made it difficult to decipher the p63 gene regulatory network. Particularly, analyses of p63 response elements differed substantially among the studies. To address this intricate data situation, we provide an integrated resource that enables assessing the p63-dependent regulation of any human gene of interest. We use a novel iterative de novo motif search approach in conjunction with extensive ChIP-seq data to achieve a precise global distinction between p53-and p63-binding sites, recognition motifs, and potential co-factors. We integrate these data with enhancer:gene associations to predict p63 target genes and identify those that are commonly de-regulated in SCC representing candidates for prognosis and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Riege
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Helene Kretzmer
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Arne Sahm
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Simon S McDade
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom
| | - Steve Hoffmann
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Martin Fischer
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
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Gu X, Wang L, Coates PJ, Boldrup L, Fåhraeus R, Wilms T, Sgaramella N, Nylander K. Transfer-RNA-Derived Fragments Are Potential Prognostic Factors in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111344. [PMID: 33202812 PMCID: PMC7698123 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer-RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are functionally different from their parental transfer RNAs (tRNAs). tRFs can regulate gene expression by several mechanisms, and are involved in a variety of pathological processes. Here, we aimed at understanding the composition and abundance of tRFs in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), and evaluated the potential of tRFs as prognostic markers in this cancer type. We obtained tRF expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSC cohort (523 patients) using MINTbase v2.0, and correlated to available TCGA clinical data. RNA-binding proteins were predicted according to the calculated Position Weight Matrix (PWM) score from the RNA-Binding Protein DataBase (RBPDB). A total of 10,158 tRFs were retrieved and a high diversity in expression levels was seen. Fifteen tRFs were found to be significantly associated with overall survival (Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log rank test p-value < 0.01). The top prognostic marker, tRF-20-S998LO9D (p < 0.001), was further measured in tumor and tumor-free samples from 16 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue and 12 healthy controls, and was significantly upregulated in tumor compared to matched tumor-free tongue (p < 0.001). Results suggest that tRFs are useful prognostic markers in SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Gu
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden; (L.W.); (L.B.); (R.F.); (N.S.); (K.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)-702-086-036
| | - Lixiao Wang
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden; (L.W.); (L.B.); (R.F.); (N.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Philip J. Coates
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Linda Boldrup
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden; (L.W.); (L.B.); (R.F.); (N.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Robin Fåhraeus
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden; (L.W.); (L.B.); (R.F.); (N.S.); (K.N.)
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University Paris 7, St. Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Torben Wilms
- Department of Clinical Sciences/ENT, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Nicola Sgaramella
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden; (L.W.); (L.B.); (R.F.); (N.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Karin Nylander
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden; (L.W.); (L.B.); (R.F.); (N.S.); (K.N.)
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Abstract
Proton therapy has recently gained substantial momentum worldwide due to improved accessibility to the technology and sustained interests in its advantage of better tissue sparing compared to traditional photon radiation. Proton therapy in head and neck cancer has a unique advantage given the complex anatomy and proximity of targets to vital organs. As head and neck cancer patients are living longer due to epidemiological shifts and advances in treatment options, long-term toxicity from radiation treatment has become a major concern that may be better mitigated by proton therapy. With increased utilization of proton therapy, new proton centers breaking ground, and as excitement about the technology continue to increase, we aim to comprehensively review the evidence of proton therapy in major subsites within the head and neck, hoping to facilitate a greater understanding of the full risks and benefits of proton therapy for head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhe Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States
| | - Marc A Cohen
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States
| | - Eric J Sherman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States
| | - Nancy Y Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States.
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Hicks MD, Lin D, Buczek EP. Revisiting a rare disease: Oral cavity basaloid squamous cell carcinoma at a high-volume tertiary center. Am J Otolaryngol 2020; 41:102645. [PMID: 32682190 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rare diseases are often poorly understood, and this study sought to investigate the incidence of a rare disease entity, basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) of the oral cavity (OC) at a tertiary care medical center and to assess its clinical outcomes. METHODS The aim of this study was to collect data in order to better understand how this rare disease progresses. This was a case series of patients with OC BSCC diagnosed between 2001 and 2018. RESULTS 10 patients with primary OC BSCC were identified. Average age at diagnosis was 58 years (33-71). The median follow-up period was 11 months. Primary sites included oral tongue (n = 4), floor of mouth (n = 4), hard palate (n = 1), and retromolar trigone (n = 1). A majority (60%) of patients had pathologic T3/T4 tumors. All patients underwent primary surgical treatment. There was an overall 60% mortality rate: 2 died from metastasis at 1- and 3-months postop, 2 from unknown causes, 1 from sepsis at 1 month postop, and 1 from metastatic colon cancer. Average survival for those patients who died was 20.7 months. 4 patients were disease-free at the time of publication. CONCLUSION There are few studies in the literature that seek to investigate cases of OC BSCC from a single institution. This is the first detailed case series of BSCC from a single American institution. Survival outcomes in our cohort were poor but demonstrate a variable course of disease burden. This study presents unique information regarding specific pathologic characteristics and patient outcomes for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Hicks
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America.
| | - Diana Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America.
| | - Erin P Buczek
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America.
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Chaudhary S, Dam V, Ganguly K, Sharma S, Atri P, Chirravuri-Venkata R, Cox JL, Sayed Z, Jones DT, Ganti AK, Ghersi D, Macha MA, Batra SK. Differential mutation spectrum and immune landscape in African Americans versus Whites: A possible determinant to health disparity in head and neck cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 492:44-53. [PMID: 32738272 PMCID: PMC8432304 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
African Americans (AA) with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) have a worse disease prognosis than White patients despite adjusting for socio-economic factors, suggesting the potential biological contribution. Therefore, we investigated the genomic and immunological components that drive the differential tumor biology among race. We utilized the cancer genome atlas and cancer digital archive of HNSCC patients (1992-2013) for our study. We found that AA patients with HNSCC had a higher frequency of mutation compared to Whites in the key driver genes-P53, FAT1, CASP8 and HRAS. AA tumors also exhibited lower intratumoral infiltration of effector immune cells (CD8+, γδT, resting memory CD4+ and activated memory CD4+ T cells) with shorter survival than Whites. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed genes demonstrated distinct gene clusters between AA and White patients with unique signaling pathway enrichments. Connectivity map analysis identified drugs (Neratinib and Selumetinib) that target aberrant PI3K/RAS/MEK signaling and may reduce racial disparity in therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Vi Dam
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sunandini Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Zafar Sayed
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dwight T Jones
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Apar K Ganti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA-Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dario Ghersi
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Ganderbal, 191201, India.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Russo DP, Tham T, Bardash Y, Kraus D. The effect of race in head and neck cancer: A meta-analysis controlling for socioeconomic status. Am J Otolaryngol 2020; 41:102624. [PMID: 32663732 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between race and ethnicity and prognosis in head and neck cancers (HNC), while controlling for socioeconomic status (SES). MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were used to identify studies for inclusion, from database inception till March 5th 2019. Studies that analyzed the role of race and ethnicity in overall survival (OS) for malignancies of the head and neck were included in this study. For inclusion, the study needed to report a multivariate analysis controlling for some proxy of SES (for example household income or employment status). Pooled estimates were generated using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis by tumor sub-site, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were also performed. RevMan 5.3, Meta Essentials, and OpenMeta[Analyst] were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Ten studies from 2004 to 2019 with a total of 108,990 patients were included for analysis in this study. After controlling for SES, tumor stage, and treatment variables, blacks were found to have a poorer survival compared to whites (HR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.18-1.36, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis by sub-site and sensitivity analysis agreed with the primary result. No differences in survival across sub-sites were observed. Meta-regression did not identify any factors associated with the pooled estimate. CONCLUSIONS In HNC, blacks have poorer OS compared to whites even after controlling for socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Russo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, United States of America; New York Head & Neck Institute, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, United States of America.
| | - Tristan Tham
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, United States of America; New York Head & Neck Institute, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, United States of America
| | - Yonatan Bardash
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, United States of America; New York Head & Neck Institute, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, United States of America
| | - Dennis Kraus
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, United States of America; New York Head & Neck Institute, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, United States of America
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Chen Y, Li ZY, Zhou GQ, Sun Y. An Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Index for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:330-341. [PMID: 33097495 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To construct an immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and clarify the molecular and immune characteristics and the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in IRGPI-defined subgroups of HNSCC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN On the basis of The Cancer Genome Atlas HNSCC immune dataset (n = 546), 22 immune-related hub genes were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Three genes were identified to construct an IRGPI by using the Cox regression method and validated with the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (n = 270). Afterward, the molecular and immune characteristics and the benefit of ICI therapy in IRGPI-defined subgroups were analyzed. RESULTS The IRGPI was constructed on the basis of SFRP4, CPXM1, and COL5A1 genes. IRGPI-high patients had a better overall survival than IRGPI-low patients, consistent with the results in the GEO cohort. The comprehensive results showed that a high IRGPI score was correlated with DNA repair-related pathways; low TP53 mutation rate; high infiltration of CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells, and M1 macrophages; active immunity and less aggressive phenotypes; and more benefit from ICI therapy. In contrast, a low IRGPI score was associated with cancer and metastasis-related pathways; high TP53 and PIK3CA mutation rate; high infiltration of B cells, M0 macrophages, and M2 macrophages; suppressive immunity and more aggressive phenotypes; and less benefit from ICI therapy. CONCLUSIONS IRGPI is a promising biomarker to distinguish the prognosis, the molecular and immune characteristics, and the immune benefit from ICI therapy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Qun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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Starke S, Leger S, Zwanenburg A, Leger K, Lohaus F, Linge A, Schreiber A, Kalinauskaite G, Tinhofer I, Guberina N, Guberina M, Balermpas P, von der Grün J, Ganswindt U, Belka C, Peeken JC, Combs SE, Boeke S, Zips D, Richter C, Troost EGC, Krause M, Baumann M, Löck S. 2D and 3D convolutional neural networks for outcome modelling of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15625. [PMID: 32973220 PMCID: PMC7518264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For treatment individualisation of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with primary radiochemotherapy, we explored the capabilities of different deep learning approaches for predicting loco-regional tumour control (LRC) from treatment-planning computed tomography images. Based on multicentre cohorts for exploration (206 patients) and independent validation (85 patients), multiple deep learning strategies including training of 3D- and 2D-convolutional neural networks (CNN) from scratch, transfer learning and extraction of deep autoencoder features were assessed and compared to a clinical model. Analyses were based on Cox proportional hazards regression and model performances were assessed by the concordance index (C-index) and the model's ability to stratify patients based on predicted hazards of LRC. Among all models, an ensemble of 3D-CNNs achieved the best performance (C-index 0.31) with a significant association to LRC on the independent validation cohort. It performed better than the clinical model including the tumour volume (C-index 0.39). Significant differences in LRC were observed between patient groups at low or high risk of tumour recurrence as predicted by the model ([Formula: see text]). This 3D-CNN ensemble will be further evaluated in a currently ongoing prospective validation study once follow-up is complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Starke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Department of Information Services and Computing, Dresden, Germany.
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Stefan Leger
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
| | - Alex Zwanenburg
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
| | - Karoline Leger
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Lohaus
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Linge
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Schreiber
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hospital Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Dresden, Germany
| | - Goda Kalinauskaite
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inge Tinhofer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nika Guberina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maja Guberina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jens von der Grün
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group, Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claus Belka
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group, Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan C Peeken
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simon Boeke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Richter
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Esther G C Troost
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Baumann
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent cisplatin with radiotherapy (CRT) or concurrent cetuximab with radiotherapy (BRT) improves outcomes in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) compared with radiotherapy alone. Nevertheless, a detailed comparison between CRT and BRT in locally advanced HNSCC is required due to inconclusive results. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane databases, and EMBASE. Studies that evaluated CRT vs BRT in locally advanced HNSCC were included. The primary outcome that was overall survival (OS), whereas the secondary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional control (LRC), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate prognosis. All the analyses were performed using Stata Statistical Software 12.0. RESULTS Twenty-three studies, with a total of 8701 patients, were considered eligible and included in this meta-analysis. Our results revealed that patients treated with CRT had longer OS (HR = 0.51, 95%CI, 0.41-0.64, P < .001), PFS (HR = 0.37, 95%CI, 0.23-0.60, P < .001), LRC (HR = 0.46, 95%CI, 0.37-0.57, P < .001), and DMFS (HR = 0.56, 95%CI, 0.40-0.77, P < .001) than those treated with BRT. Furthermore, the results of the subgroup analyses were consistent with the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS CRT has a better OS, PFS, LRC, and DMFS than BRT in locally advanced HNSCC, and should be the preferred treatment for patients with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Tang
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guo-Xian Long
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Malik NH, Maganti M, McQuestion M, Tjong MC, Keilty D, Monteiro E, Huang SH, Jang RWJ, Gomes A, Pun J, Ringash J. Pre-treatment psychoeducational intervention and outcomes in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:1643-1652. [PMID: 32761517 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between attendance to a pre-treatment psychoeducational intervention (prehab) with treatment outcomes and toxicities in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancers (HNCs). METHODS Patients were included from prehab inception in 2013 to 2017, comparing overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and locoregional recurrence (LRR) between prehab attendees (PA) and non-attendees (PNA). Multivariable analysis was performed for OS and LRFS. RESULTS Among 864 PA and 1128 PNA, 2-year OS was 88% vs 80% (p < 0.001), and LRFS was 84% vs 75% (p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis (MVA), OS and LRFS were independently and unfavourably associated with PNA. The PA cohort had a lower frequency of a "rocky treatment course" compared with the PNA cohort (52/150, 35% vs 71/150, 47%; p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Prehab at our institution is associated with improved long-term oncologic outcomes. Prospective data is needed to better understand this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nauman H Malik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Manjula Maganti
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Maurene McQuestion
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael C Tjong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Dana Keilty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Eric Monteiro
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Raymond Woo-Jun Jang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Gomes
- Department of Speech Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne Pun
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jolie Ringash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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68
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Wu ZH, Fang M, Zhou Y. Comprehensive analysis of the expression and prognosis for CDCAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236678. [PMID: 32716971 PMCID: PMC7384661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a tumor included oral cavity, lips, larynx, oropharynx, and the nasopharynx et al. The cell division cycle-associated (CDCA) protein family (CDCA1-8) critical for normal cell function and cancer cell proliferation. We explored the mutation signatures and expression levels of various CDCAs in detail in HNSCC. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis pipeline based on copy number and gene expressions data from patients with HNSCC in order to given new insights into the possible functions and distinct prognostics that underlie CDCAs regulation. We compared the transcriptional expression of CDCAs in HNSCC and found significantly elevated mRNA expression of CDCA1-8 in HNSCC tissues across multiple datasets. We also found CDCA5/6/8 are over-expressed both transcriptionally and translationally in patients with HNSCC. Our results suggested that that mRNA levels of CDCA1/2/4/7 related to the prognosis and can be used as a new useful biomarker for predicting the survival of HNSCC patients. The top 5 CDCAs neighboring gene alterations in HNSCCs were found in MYC, STAG1, RAD21, KLHL9 and NDC80. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model also showed that CD8+ T cells were higher (P<0.05) in HNSCC-HPV-pos patients and that this was related to CDCA1/2/3/4/5/7. This study utilizes online tools to conduct specific gene analyses from free open databases, but our study requires more large-scale genomics research and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Hong Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
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Wuerdemann N, Gültekin SE, Pütz K, Wittekindt C, Huebbers CU, Sharma SJ, Eckel H, Schubotz AB, Gattenlöhner S, Büttner R, Speel EJ, Klussmann JP, Wagner S, Quaas A. PD-L1 Expression and a High Tumor Infiltrate of CD8+ Lymphocytes Predict Outcome in Patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cells Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155228. [PMID: 32718057 PMCID: PMC7432501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related (+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) differs from HPV-negative (–) OPSCC. HPV-related immune-escape-mechanism could be responsible for the development and progression of HPV+ tumors and an immunophenotype different from HPV– OPSCC is expected. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its prognostic relevance in relation to CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I expression in OPSCC. We quantified PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TC) and macrophages and MHC I expression in association to CD8+ TILs by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray derived from 171 HPV+/-OPSCC. HPV-status was determined by p16INK4a immunohistochemistry/HPV-DNA detection. Presence of CD8+ TILs, PD-L1 expression on TC, and a more frequent loss of MHC I in HPV+ compared to HPV- OPSCC was detected. A high amount of CD8+ TILs in the whole cohort and in HPV+ OPSCC and PD-L1 expression on TC in HPV- OPSCC was associated with favorable overall survival. There was a trend for an improved outcome according to PD-L1 expression (macrophages) in HPV+ OPSCC without reaching statistical significance. CD8+ TILs and PD-L1-expression have prognostic impact in OPSCC and might present useful biomarkers for predicting clinical outcome and personalized therapy concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Wuerdemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikstrasse 33, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.W.); (S.J.S.); (A.B.S.); (S.W.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.U.H.); (H.E.); (J.P.K.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Sibel E. Gültekin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Biskek Caddesi, Emek, University of Gazi, Ankara 06510, Turkey;
| | - Katharina Pütz
- Institute of Pathology, Kerpener Strasse 62, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.P.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Claus Wittekindt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikstrasse 33, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.W.); (S.J.S.); (A.B.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Christian U. Huebbers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.U.H.); (H.E.); (J.P.K.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Jean-Uhrmacher-Institute for Otorhinolaryngological Research, University of Cologne, Geibelstrasse 29-31, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Shachi J. Sharma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikstrasse 33, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.W.); (S.J.S.); (A.B.S.); (S.W.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.U.H.); (H.E.); (J.P.K.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Eckel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.U.H.); (H.E.); (J.P.K.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna B. Schubotz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikstrasse 33, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.W.); (S.J.S.); (A.B.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Stefan Gattenlöhner
- Institute of Pathology, Langhansstrasse 10, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, Kerpener Strasse 62, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.P.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Ernst-Jan Speel
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastrichtthe, The Netherlands;
| | - Jens P. Klussmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.U.H.); (H.E.); (J.P.K.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikstrasse 33, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.W.); (S.J.S.); (A.B.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, Kerpener Strasse 62, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.P.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
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Liu Z, Cao Y, Diao W, Cheng Y, Jia Z, Peng X. Radiomics-based prediction of survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on pre- and post-treatment 18F-PET/CT. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14593-14619. [PMID: 32674074 PMCID: PMC7425452 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-PET/CT) has been widely applied for the imaging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study examined whether pre- and post-treatment 18F-PET/CT features can help predict the survival of HNSCC patients. RESULTS Three radiomics features were identified as prognostic factors. Radiomics score calculated from these features significantly predicted overall survival (OS) and disease-free disease (DFS). The clinicopathological characteristics combined with pre- or post-treatment nomograms showed better ROC curves and decision curves than the nomogram based only on clinicopathological characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Combining clinicopathological characteristics with radiomics features of pre-treatment PET/CT or post-treatment PET/CT assessment of primary tumor sites as positive or negative may substantially improve prediction of OS and DFS of HNSCC patients. METHODS 171 patients who received pre-treatment 18F-PET/CT scans and 154 patients who received post-treatment 18F-PET/CT scans with HNSCC in the Cancer Imaging Achieve (TCIA) were included. Nomograms that combined clinicopathological features with either pre-treatment PET/CT radiomics features or post-treatment assessment of primary tumor sites were constructed using data from 154 HNSCC patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curves were used to compare the predictions of these models with those of a model incorporating only clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheran Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Diao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Papenberg BW, Allen JL, Markwell SM, Interval ET, Montague PA, Johnson CJ, Weed SA. Disparate survival of late-stage male oropharyngeal cancer in Appalachia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11612. [PMID: 32669588 PMCID: PMC7363863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The United States Appalachian region harbors a higher cancer burden than the rest of the nation, with disparate incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), including oral cavity and pharynx (OC/P) cancers. Whether elevated HNSCC incidence generates survival disparities within Appalachia is unknown. To address this, HNSCC survival data for 259,737 tumors from the North American Association for Central Cancer Registries 2007-2013 cohort were evaluated, with age-adjusted relative survival (RS) calculated based on staging, race, sex, and Appalachian residence. Tobacco use, a primary HNSCC risk factor, was evaluated through the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from Appalachian states. Decreased OC/P RS was found in stage IV Appalachian white males within a subset of states. The survival disparity was confined to human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancers, specifically the oropharynx subsite. This correlated with significantly higher smoking and male smokeless tobacco use in most Appalachian disparity states. Lower survival of Appalachian males with advanced-stage HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers suggests pervasive tobacco consumption likely generates more aggressive tumors at HPV-associated oropharynx subsites than national averages. Comprehensive tobacco and HPV status should therefore be evaluated prior to considering treatment de-intensification regimens for HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers in populations with high tobacco consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenen W Papenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jessica L Allen
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Steven M Markwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Erik T Interval
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Phillip A Montague
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | | | - Scott A Weed
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9300, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Mollnar S, Pondorfer P, Kasparek AK, Reinisch S, Moik F, Stotz M, Halm M, Szkandera J, Terbuch A, Eisner F, Gerger A, Kapp KS, Partl R, Vasicek S, Weiland T, Pichler M, Stöger H, Thurnher D, Posch F. Decrease in treatment intensity predicts worse outcome in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma undergoing radiochemotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:543-553. [PMID: 32671728 PMCID: PMC7936960 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Radiochemotherapy (RCT) is an effective standard therapy for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC). Nonetheless, toxicity is common, with patients often requiring dose modifications. Methods To investigate associations of RCT toxicities according to CTCAE version 5.0 and subsequent therapy modifications with short- and long-term treatment outcomes, we studied all 193 patients with HNSCC who received RCT (70 Gy + platinum agent) at an academic center between 03/2010 and 04/2018. Results During RCT, 77 (41%, 95% CI 34–49) patients developed at least one ≥ grade 3 toxicity, including seven grade 4 and 3 fatal grade 5 toxicities. The most frequent any-grade toxicities were xerostomia (n = 187), stomatitis (n = 181), dermatitis (n = 174), and leucopenia (n = 98). Eleven patients (6%) had their radiotherapy schedule modified (mean radiotherapy dose reduction = 12 Gy), and 120 patients (64%) had chemotherapy modifications (permanent discontinuation: n = 67, pause: n = 34, dose reduction: n = 7, change to other chemotherapy: n = 10). Objective response rates to RCT were 55% and 88% in patients with and without radiotherapy modifications (p = 0.003), and 84% and 88% in patients with and without chemotherapy modifications (p = 0.468), respectively. Five-year progression-free survival estimates were 20% and 50% in patients with and without radiotherapy modifications (p = < 0.001), and 53% and 40% in patients with and without chemotherapy modifications (p = 0.88), respectively. Conclusions Reductions of radiotherapy dose were associated with impaired long-term outcomes, whereas reductions in chemotherapy intensity were not. This suggests that toxicities during RCT should be primarily managed by modifying chemotherapy rather than radiotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12094-020-02447-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mollnar
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - P Pondorfer
- Division of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A-K Kasparek
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - S Reinisch
- Division of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - F Moik
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - M Stotz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - M Halm
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - J Szkandera
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - A Terbuch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - F Eisner
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - A Gerger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
| | - K S Kapp
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Partl
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Vasicek
- Division of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T Weiland
- Division of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit "Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer", Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Stöger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - D Thurnher
- Division of General Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - F Posch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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Huo M, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Zhang S, Bao Y, Li T. Tumor microenvironment characterization in head and neck cancer identifies prognostic and immunotherapeutically relevant gene signatures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11163. [PMID: 32636465 PMCID: PMC7341839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is of great clinical significance for predicting the therapeutic effect of tumors. Nonetheless, there was no systematic analysis of cellular interactions in the TME of head and neck cancer (HNSC). This study used gene expression data from 816 patients with HNSC to analyze the scores of 22 immune cells. On this basis, we have established a novel TMEscore-based prognostic risk model. The relationship between TMEscore and clinical and genomic characteristics was analyzed. The sample was divided into risk-H and risk-L groups based on the prognosis risk model of TMEscore, with significant differences in overall survival between the two groups (log rank p < 0.001). In terms of clinical features, the TMEscore is closely related to the T staging, Grade, and HPV. As for genomic characteristics, the genomic features of the Risk-H samples are a low expression of immune-related genes and high-frequency mutations of TP53 and CEP152. This model was validated in an external test set, in which the prognosis for Risk-H group and Risk-L group was also significantly different (log rank p = 0.017). A quantitative method of TME infiltration pattern is established, which may be a potential predictor of HNSC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Huo
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Suxin Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yang Bao
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Tianke Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China.
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Sharma P, Gautam SD, Rajendra S. Importance of investigating high-risk human papillomavirus in lymph node metastasis of esophageal adenocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:2729-2739. [PMID: 32550750 PMCID: PMC7284187 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i21.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus has been suggested as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Tumor human papillomavirus status has been reported to confer a favorable prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma. The size of the primary tumor and degree of lymphatic spread determines the prognosis of esophageal carcinomas. Lymph node status has been found to be a predictor of recurrent disease as well as 5-year survival in esophageal malignancies. In human papillomavirus driven cancers, e.g. cervical, anogenital, head and neck cancers, associated lymph nodes with a high viral load suggest metastatic lymph node involvement. Thus, human papillomavirus could potentially be useful as a marker of micro-metastases. To date, there have been no reported studies regarding human papillomavirus involvement in lymph nodes of metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma. This review highlights the importance of investigating human papillomavirus in lymph node metastasis of esophageal adenocarcinoma based on data derived from other human papillomavirus driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Sharma
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Sydney, New South Wales 2170, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shweta Dutta Gautam
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Sydney, New South Wales 2170, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shanmugarajah Rajendra
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Sydney, New South Wales 2170, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health Network, Bankstown, Sydney, New South Wales 2200, Australia
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Klein Nulent TJW, Valstar MH, Smit LA, Smeele LE, Zuithoff NPA, de Keizer B, de Bree R, van Es RJJ, Willems SM. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:519. [PMID: 32503460 PMCID: PMC7275445 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment options for advanced head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) are limited. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA), a transmembrane protein that is known for its use in diagnostics and targeted therapy in prostate cancer, is also expressed by AdCC. This study aimed to analyse PSMA expression in a large cohort of primary, recurrent and metastasized AdCC of the head and neck. METHODS One hundred ten consecutive patients with histologically confirmed AdCC in the period 1990-2017 were included. An analysis was made of clinical details, revised pathology and semiquantitative immunohistochemical expression of PSMA on tissue microarray and whole slides. Associations of PSMA expression with clinicopathological parameters were explored and survival was analysed by multivariate Cox-proportional Hazard analysis. RESULTS PSMA expression was present in 94% of the 110 primary tumours, with a median of 31% positive cells (IQR 15-60%). Primary tumours (n = 18) that recurred (n = 15) and/or had metastases (n = 10) demonstrated 40, 60 and 23% expression respectively. Expression was not independently related to increased pathological stage, tumour grade, and the occurrence of locoregional recurrence or metastasis. After dichotomization, only primary tumour PSMA expression ≤10% appeared to be associated with reduced 10-years recurrence-free survival (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.5, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS PSMA is highly expressed in primary, recurrent and metastatic AdCC of the salivary and seromucous glands. PSMA expression has no value in predicting clinical behaviour of AdCC although low expression may indicate a reduced recurrence-free survival. This study provides supporting results to consider using PSMA as target for imaging and therapy when other diagnostic and palliative treatment options fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J W Klein Nulent
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, P.O. Box 85500, Utrecht, 3508, GA, The Netherlands.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Matthijs H Valstar
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Smit
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig E Smeele
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas P A Zuithoff
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart de Keizer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Remco de Bree
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, P.O. Box 85500, Utrecht, 3508, GA, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J J van Es
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, P.O. Box 85500, Utrecht, 3508, GA, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan M Willems
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Iovoli AJ, Hermann GM, Ma SJ, Platek AJ, Farrugia MK, Yau E, Wooten KE, Arshad H, Gupta V, Kuriakose MA, Hicks WL, Singh AK. Association of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use With Survival in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Treated With Chemoradiation Therapy. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e207199. [PMID: 32602907 PMCID: PMC7327544 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.7199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, are commonly prescribed medications with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties used long term to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events. A recent study showed that aspirin was associated with improved survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who were treated with surgery. OBJECTIVE To examine whether use of NSAIDs during definitive chemoradiation therapy (CRT) was associated with improved outcomes in patients with HNSCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study analyzed patients with HNSCC who were treated with CRT at a single institution between January 1, 2005, and August 1, 2017. Patient and tumor characteristics included age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol use, comorbidities (respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, renal, endocrine), disease stage, human papillomavirus status, and treatment duration. Data were analyzed from May 1, 2019, to March 17, 2020. EXPOSURES Patients were dichotomized by NSAID use during treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The association of NSAID use with patterns of failure, disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) was examined using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models. Survival estimates for OS and DSS were generated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS A total of 460 patients (median [interquartile range] age, 60 [53.9-65.6] years; 377 [82.0%] men) were included in the analysis. Among these patients, 201 (43.7%) were taking NSAIDs during treatment. On univariate analysis, NSAID use (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43-0.92; P = .02) was associated with better OS. On Cox regression analysis, after backward selection adjustment for potentially confounding factors (age, smoking status, primary tumor site, human papillomavirus status, diabetes, stroke, hyperlipidemia), NSAID use remained significantly associated with better OS (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38-0.90; P = .02). NSAID use was associated with significantly better OS at 5 years compared with patients who did not take concurrent NSAIDs (63.6% [56 of 88 patients]; 95% CI, 58%-73% vs 56.1% [83 of 148 patients]; 95% CI, 50%-63%; P = .03). NSAID use was not associated with better DSS in univariate (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.48-1.41; P = .47) or multivariate (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.57-1.70; P = .44) analysis. NSAID use was not associated with better response to treatment (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.91-2.27; P = .12) or distant failure (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.68-1.84; P = .65). Change in local control with NSAID use was not statistically significant (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.31-1.10; P = .10). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study suggests a possible OS advantage for patients taking NSAIDs during chemoradiation for HNSCC. Further studies examining this association are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Iovoli
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Gregory M. Hermann
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Sung Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Alexis J. Platek
- Department of Radiation Medicine, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo
| | - Mark K. Farrugia
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Edwin Yau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kimberly E. Wooten
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Hassan Arshad
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Vishal Gupta
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Moni A. Kuriakose
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Wesley L. Hicks
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anurag K. Singh
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Toya R, Saito T, Yamaguchi K, Matsuyama T, Watakabe T, Matsumoto T, Yoshida R, Hirosue A, Murakami D, Orita Y, Nakayama H, Oya N. Hypofractionated palliative volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy with the Radiation Oncology Study Group 8502 "QUAD shot" regimen for incurable head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:123. [PMID: 32460865 PMCID: PMC7251877 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01548-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To review a single institutional experience of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 8502 "QUAD shot" regimen using volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) for incurable head and neck cancer (HNC). METHODS Thirty-four consecutive patients with HNC were treated with at least one cycle of the RTOG 8502 regimen. Treatment plans included the use of VMAT with 6 MV photons generated by a linear accelerator. Two daily fractions of 3.7 Gy were delivered with an interval of at least 6 h for 2 consecutive days, totaling 14.8 Gy over 4 fractions. This was repeated every 3-4 weeks for a total of three cycles. No concurrent systemic therapy was performed. RESULTS The number of completed cycles was 1 in 6 (18%) patients, 2 in 5 (15%), and 3 in 23 (68%). Tumor response was achieved in 29 (85%) patients and symptom relief in 20 (77%) of 26 patients. Overall response (tumor response or symptom relief) was achieved in 32 (94%) patients. All patients who received 2 or more treatment cycles achieved overall response. Median overall survival (OS) was 5.7 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that completion of all three treatment cycles was significantly associated with better OS (P = 0.002). Grade 2 toxicity was observed in four (12%) patients, but no acute Grade ≥ 3 or late toxicity was observed. CONCLUSIONS The RTOG 8502 "QUAD shot" regimen using VMAT is effective for incurable HNC with highly reduced toxicity. Treatment with multiple cycles is recommended for better treatment response and/or survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Toya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Tetsuo Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Kohsei Yamaguchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Tomohiko Matsuyama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Takahiro Watakabe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsumoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Akiyuki Hirosue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Daizo Murakami
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Yorihisa Orita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
| | - Natsuo Oya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556 Japan
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Keek S, Sanduleanu S, Wesseling F, de Roest R, van den Brekel M, van der Heijden M, Vens C, Giuseppina C, Licitra L, Scheckenbach K, Vergeer M, Leemans CR, Brakenhoff RH, Nauta I, Cavalieri S, Woodruff HC, Poli T, Leijenaar R, Hoebers F, Lambin P. Computed tomography-derived radiomic signature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (peri)tumoral tissue for the prediction of locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis after concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232639. [PMID: 32442178 PMCID: PMC7244120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we investigate the role of radiomics for prediction of overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence (LRR) and distant metastases (DM) in stage III and IV HNSCC patients treated by chemoradiotherapy. We hypothesize that radiomic analysis of (peri-)tumoral tissue may detect invasion of surrounding tissues indicating a higher chance of locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis. Methods Two comprehensive data sources were used: the Dutch Cancer Society Database (Alp 7072, DESIGN) and “Big Data To Decide” (BD2Decide). The gross tumor volumes (GTV) were delineated on contrast-enhanced CT. Radiomic features were extracted using the RadiomiX Discovery Toolbox (OncoRadiomics, Liege, Belgium). Clinical patient features such as age, gender, performance status etc. were collected. Two machine learning methods were chosen for their ability to handle censored data: Cox proportional hazards regression and random survival forest (RSF). Multivariable clinical and radiomic Cox/ RSF models were generated based on significance in univariable cox regression/ RSF analyses on the held out data in the training dataset. Features were selected according to a decreasing hazard ratio for Cox and relative importance for RSF. Results A total of 444 patients with radiotherapy planning CT-scans were included in this study: 301 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in the training cohort (DESIGN) and 143 patients in the validation cohort (BD2DECIDE). We found that the highest performing model was a clinical model that was able to predict distant metastasis in oropharyngeal cancer cases with an external validation C-index of 0.74 and 0.65 with the RSF and Cox models respectively. Peritumoral radiomics based prediction models performed poorly in the external validation, with C-index values ranging from 0.32 to 0.61 utilizing both feature selection and model generation methods. Conclusion Our results suggest that radiomic features from the peritumoral regions are not useful for the prediction of time to OS, LR and DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Keek
- The D-lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Sanduleanu
- The D-lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Frederik Wesseling
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinout de Roest
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel van den Brekel
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn van der Heijden
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conchita Vens
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of radiation oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lisa Licitra
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Kathrin Scheckenbach
- Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marije Vergeer
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiation Oncology Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. René Leemans
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud H Brakenhoff
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Nauta
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Cavalieri
- Istituto nazionale dei tumori, Department of Radiology, Milan, Italy
| | - Henry C. Woodruff
- The D-lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tito Poli
- University of Parma, Department of Surgical Sciences, Parma, Italy
| | - Ralph Leijenaar
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hoebers
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The D-lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, GROW – School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Harris CG, Lo S, Ahmed T, Scolyer RA, Ferguson PM, Karim RZ, Lam TK, Lee KK, Shannon KF, Spillane AJ, Stretch JR, Thompson JF, Saw RP. Primary dermal melanoma: clinical behaviour, prognosis and treatment. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:2131-2139. [PMID: 32417156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary dermal melanoma (PDM) is a subtype of cutaneous melanoma, confined to the dermis, which poses a challenging clinical dilemma. It may represent a true primary melanoma or a dermal cutaneous metastasis. This study aimed to delineate the histopathological characteristics and prognosis of PDM in a large patient cohort to guide appropriate treatment strategies. METHODS A search of the Melanoma Research Database at Melanoma Institute Australia was conducted to identify all possible PDM patients at our institution diagnosed from 1978 to 2013. Overall, melanoma-specific and disease-free survival outcomes of the PDM group were compared to those of similar cohorts of Stage I-II and Stage IV M1a melanoma patients based on propensity score matching. RESULTS Sixty-two PDM patients were identified from the MRD with a median follow-up of 6.3 years. Five-year survival was 87.1% and overall survival was 74.2%. PDMs had a significantly improved overall survival (p = 0.0002) and melanoma-specific survival (p = 0.001) compared to Stage I-II controls, however there was no difference in disease-free survival (p = 0.08). PDMs also demonstrated improved overall survival (p < 0.0001), melanoma-specific survival (p < 0.0001) and disease-free survival (p < 0.0001) compared to Stage IV M1a controls. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that PDMs have a more favorable prognosis compared to stage I-II cutaneous melanomas and suggest that these are in fact true primary lesions. This study thus provides evidence to justify a treatment approach, by way of a wide local excision and possibly sentinel lymph node biopsy, as for early stage primary cutaneous melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Harris
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Serigne Lo
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tasnia Ahmed
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter M Ferguson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rooshdiya Z Karim
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tai Khoa Lam
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenneth K Lee
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerwin F Shannon
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Spillane
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal North Shore Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Stretch
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn Pm Saw
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Haddad R, Cohen EEW, Venkatachalam M, Young K, Singh P, Shaw JW, Korytowsky B, Abraham P, Harrington KJ. Cost-effectiveness analysis of nivolumab for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in the United States. J Med Econ 2020; 23:442-447. [PMID: 31928375 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2020.1715414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim: To assess the cost-effectiveness of nivolumab monotherapy for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) in the US.Methods: We constructed a cohort-based partitioned survival model for three health states (progression-free, progressed disease, and death). Using overall survival and progression-free survival data from the nivolumab and investigator's choice (IC) arms of the CheckMate 141 study, the proportion of patients in each health state was estimated by parametric modeling over a 25-year period. Cost, utility, adverse event, and disease management data inputs were obtained from relevant literature and applied to patients in each health state. A scenario analysis was conducted assuming increased uptake of subsequent immunotherapies. A one-way deterministic sensitivity analysis assessed the impact of variation in multiple parameters. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis in which probabilistic distributions were applied to each input during 1,000 model iterations was also conducted.Results: Total costs incurred were higher with nivolumab ($101,552) than with IC ($38,067). Nivolumab was associated with a higher number of life-years (LY; 1.21) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs; 0.89), compared with IC (0.68 and 0.42, respectively). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for nivolumab compared with IC was $134,438 per QALY, and this remained qualitatively similar when increased uptake of subsequent immunotherapies was assumed ($129,603 per QALY). Sensitivity analyses supported these findings.Conclusions: These results suggest that, at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $150,000 per QALY, nivolumab is a cost-effective option for therapy of SCCHN in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ezra E W Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kevin J Harrington
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Mayland CR, Ingarfield K, Rogers SN, Dey P, Thomas S, Waylen A, Leary SD, Pring M, Hurley K, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Ness AR. Disease trajectories, place and mode of death in people with head and neck cancer: Findings from the 'Head and Neck 5000' population-based prospective clinical cohort study. Palliat Med 2020; 34:639-650. [PMID: 32103703 PMCID: PMC7238508 DOI: 10.1177/0269216320904313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few large studies describe initial disease trajectories and subsequent mortality in people with head and neck cancer. This is a necessary first step to identify the need for palliative care and associated services. AIM To analyse data from the Head and Neck 5000 study to present mortality, place and mode of death within 12 months of diagnosis. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS In total, 5402 people with a new diagnosis of head and neck cancer were recruited from 76 cancer centres in the United Kingdom between April 2011 and December 2014. RESULTS Initially, 161/5402 (3%) and 5241/5402 (97%) of participants were treated with 'non-curative' and 'curative' intent, respectively. Within 12 months, 109/161 (68%) in the 'non-curative' group died compared with 482/5241 (9%) in the 'curative' group. Catastrophic bleed was the terminal event for 10.4% and 9.8% of people in 'non-curative' and 'curative' groups, respectively; terminal airway obstruction was recorded for 7.5% and 6.3% of people in the same corresponding groups. Similar proportions of people in both groups died in a hospice (22.9% 'non-curative'; 23.5% 'curative') and 45.7% of the 'curative' group died in hospital. CONCLUSION In addition to those with incurable head and neck cancer, there is a small but significant 'curative' subgroup of people who may have palliative needs shortly following diagnosis. Given the high mortality, risk of acute catastrophic event and frequent hospital death, clarifying the level and timing of palliative care services engagement would help provide assurance as to whether palliative care needs are being met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona R Mayland
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism,
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Palliative Care Institute, University of
Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kate Ingarfield
- National Institute of Health (NIHR)
Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff
University, Cardiff, UK
- Community Oral Health, University of
Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow, UK
| | - Simon N Rogers
- Aintree University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | | | - Steven Thomas
- National Institute of Health (NIHR)
Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrea Waylen
- Bristol Dental School, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sam D Leary
- National Institute of Health (NIHR)
Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Miranda Pring
- National Institute of Health (NIHR)
Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katrina Hurley
- National Institute of Health (NIHR)
Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology,
Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ),
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology,
Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ),
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andy R Ness
- National Institute of Health (NIHR)
Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Bogowicz M, Jochems A, Deist TM, Tanadini-Lang S, Huang SH, Chan B, Waldron JN, Bratman S, O'Sullivan B, Riesterer O, Studer G, Unkelbach J, Barakat S, Brakenhoff RH, Nauta I, Gazzani SE, Calareso G, Scheckenbach K, Hoebers F, Wesseling FWR, Keek S, Sanduleanu S, Leijenaar RTH, Vergeer MR, Leemans CR, Terhaard CHJ, van den Brekel MWM, Hamming-Vrieze O, van der Heijden MA, Elhalawani HM, Fuller CD, Guckenberger M, Lambin P. Privacy-preserving distributed learning of radiomics to predict overall survival and HPV status in head and neck cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4542. [PMID: 32161279 PMCID: PMC7066122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in radiomics is assembling data from multiple centers. Sharing data between hospitals is restricted by legal and ethical regulations. Distributed learning is a technique, enabling training models on multicenter data without data leaving the hospitals ("privacy-preserving" distributed learning). This study tested feasibility of distributed learning of radiomics data for prediction of two year overall survival and HPV status in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Pretreatment CT images were collected from 1174 HNC patients in 6 different cohorts. 981 radiomic features were extracted using Z-Rad software implementation. Hierarchical clustering was performed to preselect features. Classification was done using logistic regression. In the validation dataset, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were compared between the models trained in the centralized and distributed manner. No difference in ROC was observed with respect to feature selection. The logistic regression coefficients were identical between the methods (absolute difference <10-7). In comparison of the full workflow (feature selection and classification), no significant difference in ROC was found between centralized and distributed models for both studied endpoints (DeLong p > 0.05). In conclusion, both feature selection and classification are feasible in a distributed manner using radiomics data, which opens new possibility for training more reliable radiomics models.
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Grants
- P30 CA016672 NCI NIH HHS
- P50 CA097007 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 DE025248 NIDCR NIH HHS
- R01 CA214825 NCI NIH HHS
- R25 EB025787 NIBIB NIH HHS
- R56 DE025248 NIDCR NIH HHS
- R01 CA218148 NCI NIH HHS
- Swiss National Science Foundation Sinergia grant (310030_173303) and Scientific Exchange grant (IZSEZ0_180524).
- This work was also supported by the Interreg grant EURADIOMICS and the Dutch technology Foundation STW (grant n° 10696 DuCAT and n° P14-19 Radiomics STRaTegy), which is the applied science division of NWO, the Technology Program of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Manchester Cancer Research UK major centre grant. The authors also acknowledge financial support from the EU 7th framework program (ARTFORCE - n° 257144, REQUITE - n° 601826), CTMM-TraIT, EUROSTARS (E-DECIDE, DEEPMAM), Kankeronderzoekfonds Limburg from the Health Foundation Limburg, Alpe d’HuZes-KWF (DESIGN), The Dutch Cancer Society, the European Program H2020-2015-17 (ImmunoSABR - n° 733008 and BD2Decide - PHC30-689715), the ERC advanced grant (ERC-ADG-2015, n° 694812 - Hypoximmuno), SME Phase 2 (EU proposal 673780 – RAIL).
- The clinical study used as one of the cohorts was supported by a research grant from Merck (Schweiz) AG.
- Dr. Fuller is a Sabin Family Foundation Fellow. Dr. Fuller receive funding and project-relevant salary support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), including: National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research Award (1R01DE025248-01/R56DE025248-01); National Cancer Institute (NCI) Early Phase Clinical Trials in Imaging and Image-Guided Interventions Program(1R01CA218148-01); National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Mathematical Sciences; NIH Big Data to Knowledge (BD2K) Program of the National Cancer Institute Early Stage Development of Technologies in Biomedical Computing, Informatics, and Big Data Science Award (1R01CA214825-01); NIH/NCI Cancer Center Support Grant (CCSG) Pilot Research Program Award from the UT MD Anderson CCSG Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging Program (P30CA016672) and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) Research Education Program (R25EB025787). Dr. Fuller has received direct industry grant support and travel funding from Elekta AB.and Fuller receive funding and project-relevant salary support from NIH/NCI Head and Neck Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORE) Developmental Research Program Award (P50 CA097007-10).
- This project was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation Sinergia grant (310030_173303)
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bogowicz
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland.
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Arthur Jochems
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Timo M Deist
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Tanadini-Lang
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Biu Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John N Waldron
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Bratman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oliver Riesterer
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Kantonsspital Aarau, Center for Radiation Oncology- KSA-KSB-, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Studer
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Radiation Oncology, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Unkelbach
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samir Barakat
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud H Brakenhoff
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Nauta
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giuseppina Calareso
- IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Radiology Department, Milan, Italy
| | - Kathrin Scheckenbach
- University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head/Neck, Surgery, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Hoebers
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Radiation Oncology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik W R Wesseling
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Radiation Oncology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Keek
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Sanduleanu
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph T H Leijenaar
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marije R Vergeer
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C René Leemans
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris H J Terhaard
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Radiotherapy, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel W M van den Brekel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Hamming-Vrieze
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A van der Heijden
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hesham M Elhalawani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clifton D Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Lambin
- GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology-Maastricht University Medical Centre-, Department of Precision Medicine, The D Lab: Decision Support for Precision Medicine-, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Jiang Y, Wu K, Cao W, Xu Q, Wang X, Qin X, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang J, Chen W. Long noncoding RNA KTN1-AS1 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting miR-153-3p. Epigenomics 2020; 12:487-505. [PMID: 32267161 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the biological functions and clinicopathologic significance of the long noncoding RNA KTN1-AS1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials & methods: We assessed the effects of KTN1-AS1 and identified the target miRNA by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. The clinicopathologic features of KTN1-AS1 and its target miRNA were analyzed in HNSCC. Results:KTN1-AS1, a competing endogenous RNA, promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by sponging miR-153-3p in HNSCC. Dysregulation of SNAI1 and ZEB2 mediated the effect of KTN1-AS1 due to miR-153-3p exhaustion. The KTN1-AS1 and miR-153-3p combination can accurately diagnose HNSCC. Conclusion: The KTN1-AS1 and miR-153-3p combination could be a valuable diagnostic and prognostic predictor for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
- Department of Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, PR China
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Xing Qin
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Wantao Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, PR China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
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84
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Abstract
PROM1 has played a pivotal role in the identification and isolation of tumor stem cells. This study aimed to assess the association between PROM1 promoter methylation and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and its diagnostic and prognostic value.Bioinformatic analysis was performed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas-HNSC and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets.The results showed that PROM1 promoter was hypermethylated in HNSCCs compared with normal head and neck tissues (P = 4.58E-37). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve based on methylated PROM1 data was 0.799. In addition, PROM1 hypermethylation independently predicted poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.459, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.071-1.987, P = .016) and recurrence-free survival (HR: 1.729, 95% CI: 1.088-2.749, P = .021) in HNSCC patients. Moreover, PROM1 methylation was weakly negatively correlated with its mRNA expression (Pearson r = -0.148, P < .001).In summary, our study reveals that methylated PROM1 might serve as a valuable diagnostic biomarker and predictor of poor survival for HNSCC patients. PROM1 hypermethylation might partially contribute to its downregulation in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zele Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital
| | - Huigao Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital
| | - Bin Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Eastern Hospital
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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85
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Evers C, Ostheimer C, Sieker F, Vordermark D, Medenwald D. Benefit from surgery with additional radiotherapy in N1 head and neck cancer at the time of IMRT: A population-based study on recent developments. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229266. [PMID: 32101560 PMCID: PMC7043743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, the role of adjuvant irradiation in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients with N1-lymph node status is not clarified. Objectives To assess the population-based effect of recent developments in radiotherapy such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in relation to overall survival (OS) together with surgery in N1 HNC patients. Materials and methods We used 9,318 HNC cases with pT1/2 N0/1 disease from German cancer registries. Time of diagnosis ranged from January 2000 to December 2014, which we divided into three periods: (low [LIA] vs intermediate [IA] vs high [HIA] IMRT availability period) based on usage of IMRT in Germany. For each period, we examined a possible association between treatment (surgery vs. surgery and radiotherapy) in terms of OS. Statistical analyses included Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox regression (models adjusted for HPV-related cancer site). Results Temporal analysis revealed increasing usage of IMRT in Germany. In patients with N1 tumours, a comparison of patients treated with and without radiotherapy during the HIA period showed a superiority of the combined treatment as opposed to surgery alone (HR 0.54, 95%CI: 0.35–0.85, p = 0.003). The survival analyses related to treatments in terms of period underlined the superiority of surgery plus radiotherapy between periods IA and HIA (p = 0.03). Conclusion The advent of IMRT, additional radiotherapy may present a survival advantage in patients with N1 HNC when combined with surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Evers
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Christian Ostheimer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Frank Sieker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Daniel Medenwald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
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86
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Leblanc O, Vacher S, Lecerf C, Jeannot E, Klijanienko J, Berger F, Hoffmann C, Calugaru V, Badois N, Chilles A, Lesnik M, Krhili S, Bieche I, Le Tourneau C, Kamal M. Biomarkers of cetuximab resistance in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:208-217. [PMID: 32296588 PMCID: PMC7142836 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: In patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), cetuximab [a monoclonal antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)] has been shown to improve overall survival when combined with radiotherapy in the locally advanced setting or with chemotherapy in first-line recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) setting, respectively. While biomarkers of resistance to cetuximab have been identified in metastatic colorectal cancer, no biomarkers of efficacy have been identified in HNSCC. Here, we aimed to identify biomarkers of cetuximab sensitivity/resistance in HNSCC. Methods: HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab at the Curie Institute, for whom complete clinicopathological data and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue collected before cetuximab treatment were available, were included. Immunohistochemistry analyses of PTEN and EGFR were performed to assess protein expression levels. PIK3CA and H/N/KRAS mutations were analyzed using high-resolution melting (HRM) and Sanger sequencing. We evaluated the predictive value of these alterations in terms of progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Hot spot activating PIK3CA and KRAS/HRAS mutations were associated with poor PFS among HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab in the first-line R/M setting, but not among HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab in combination with radiotherapy. Loss of PTEN protein expression had a negative predictive value among HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab and radiotherapy. High EGFR expression did not predict cetuximab sensitivity in our patient population. Conclusions: Hot spot activating PIK3CA and RAS mutations predicted cetuximab resistance among HNSCC patients in the first-line R/M setting, whereas loss of PTEN protein expression predicted resistance to cetuximab when combined to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Leblanc
- Department of Genetics, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Charlotte Lecerf
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jeannot
- Department of Genetics, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- Department of Pathology, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Jerzy Klijanienko
- Department of Pathology, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Frédérique Berger
- Department of Biostatistics, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Caroline Hoffmann
- Department of Surgery, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- INSERM U932 Research Unit, Paris 75005, France
| | - Valentin Calugaru
- Department of Radiotherapy, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Nathalie Badois
- Department of Surgery, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Anne Chilles
- Department of Radiotherapy, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Maria Lesnik
- Department of Surgery, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Samar Krhili
- Department of Surgery, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Department of Genetics, Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- EA7331, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Paris Descartes University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Christophe Le Tourneau
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- INSERM U900 Research Unit, Curie Institute, Paris 75005, France
| | - Maud Kamal
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Curie Institute, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
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87
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the patterns of care and survival of cutaneous angiosarcomas of the head and neck. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING National Cancer Database. METHODS The National Cancer Database was queried to select patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma of the head and neck between 2004 and 2015. For survival analysis, patients were included only if they received definitive treatment and complete data. Prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS We identified 693 patients diagnosed with head and neck angiosarcomas during the study period. The majority were male (n = 489, 70.6%) and elderly (median, 77 years). A total of 421 patients (60.8%) met the criteria for survival analyses. These patients were treated with surgery and radiation (n = 178, 42.3%), surgery alone (n = 138, 32.8%), triple-modality therapy (n = 48, 11.4%), surgery and chemotherapy (n = 29, 6.9%), and chemoradiation (n = 28, 6.7%). With a median follow-up of 29 months, the 3-year survival was 50.1%. Patients undergoing surgery had better median survival than those who did not (38.1 vs 21.0 months, P = .04). Age, comorbidity, tumor size, and surgical margins were significant factors in univariate analyses. On multivariable analysis, age ≥75 years (hazard ratio, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.80-3.88; P < .001) and positive margins (hazard ratio, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.44-2.51; P < .001) predicted worse overall survival. CONCLUSION Angiosarcoma of head and neck is a rare malignancy that affects the elderly. Surgical treatment with negative margins is associated with improved survival. Even with curative-intent multimodality treatment, the survival of patients aged ≥75 years is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford Chang
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Peter Wu
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth Hu
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zujun Li
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Jamie Oliver
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Babak Givi
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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88
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Tian S, Wang C, Zhang J, Yu D. The cox-filter method identifies respective subtype-specific lncRNA prognostic signatures for two human cancers. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:18. [PMID: 32024523 PMCID: PMC7003323 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common histological subtypes of esophageal cancer are squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC). It has been demonstrated that non-marginal differences in gene expression and somatic alternation exist between these two subtypes; consequently, biomarkers that have prognostic values for them are expected to be distinct. In contrast, laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) has a better prognosis than hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Likewise, subtype-specific prognostic signatures may exist for LSCC and HSCC. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) hold promise for identifying prognostic signatures for a variety of cancers including esophageal cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS In this study, we applied a novel feature selection method capable of identifying specific prognostic signatures uniquely for each subtype - the Cox-filter method - to The Cancer Genome Atlas esophageal cancer and HSNCC RNA-Seq data, with the objectives of constructing subtype-specific prognostic lncRNA expression signatures for esophageal cancer and HNSCC. RESULTS By incorporating biological relevancy information, the lncRNA lists identified by the Cox-filter method were further refined. The resulting signatures include genes that are highly related to cancer, such as H19 and NEAT1, which possess perfect prognostic values for esophageal cancer and HNSCC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The Cox-filter method is indeed a handy tool to identify subtype-specific prognostic lncRNA signatures. We anticipate the method will gain wider applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Tian
- Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Life Science, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, People's Republic of China.
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Enokida T, Ogawa T, Homma A, Okami K, Minami S, Nakanome A, Shimizu Y, Maki D, Ueda Y, Fujisawa T, Motegi A, Ohkoshi A, Taguchi J, Ebisumoto K, Nomura S, Okano S, Tahara M. A multicenter phase II trial of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and cetuximab followed by chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1671-1682. [PMID: 31943834 PMCID: PMC7050099 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induction chemotherapy (IC) in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN) often compromises compliance with subsequent chemoradiotherapy (CRT), which negatively affects outcomes. Here, we assessed the combination of paclitaxel (PTX), carboplatin (CBDCA), and cetuximab (Cmab) as IC for unresectable LA-SCCHN. METHODS Induction chemotherapy consisted of weekly CBDCA area under the plasma concentration-time curve = 1.5, PTX 80 mg/m2 and Cmab with an initial dose of 400 mg/m2 followed by 250 mg/m2 for 8 weeks. Following IC, CDDP (20 mg/m2 , 4 days × 3 cycles) and concurrent radiotherapy (70 Gy/35 fr) were started. Primary endpoint was the proportion of CRT completion (%CRT completion). PCE was planned to be deemed effective if the Bayesian posterior probability (PP), defined as the probability that %CRT completion was larger than the threshold value of 65%, exceeded 84%. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were enrolled. Cases were hypopharynx/oropharynx/larynx in 17/17/1 patients, all at Stage IV. Of 35 patients, 34 (97%) completed IC and 32 received CRT and met the criteria of full analysis set (FAS). In FAS, the %CRT completion was 96.9%, and PP was 99.9%, exceeding the prespecified boundary of 84%. Mean cumulative dose and relative to dose intensity of CDDP in CRT was 232.5 mg/m2 and 100%, respectively. Response rate was 88.6% by IC and 93.8% in the CRT phase. Three year overall survival was 83.5%. Main grade 3 toxicities included neutropenia (11.4%) and skin rash (5.7%) during IC; and oral mucositis (31.3%) and neutropenia (12.5%) during CRT. No grade 4 toxicity or treatment-related death was seen. CONCLUSIONS PCE as IC was feasible, with promising efficacy and no effect on compliance with subsequent CRT in unresectable LA-SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Enokida
- Department of Head and Neck Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Takenori Ogawa
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryTohoku University School of MedicineMiyagiJapan
| | - Akihiro Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck SurgeryHokkaido University Graduate School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Kenji Okami
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head Neck SurgeryTokai UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - Shujiro Minami
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyNational Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Ayako Nakanome
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryTohoku University School of MedicineMiyagiJapan
| | - Yasushi Shimizu
- Department of Medical OncologyHokkaido University HospitalSapporoJapan
| | - Daisuke Maki
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head Neck SurgeryTokai UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - Yuri Ueda
- Department of Head and Neck Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Department of Head and Neck Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Atsushi Motegi
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle TherapyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Akira Ohkoshi
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryTohoku University School of MedicineMiyagiJapan
| | - Jun Taguchi
- Department of Medical OncologyHokkaido University HospitalSapporoJapan
| | - Koji Ebisumoto
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head Neck SurgeryTokai UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - Shogo Nomura
- Biostatistics DivisionCenter for Research Administration and SupportNational Cancer CenterChibaJapan
| | - Susumu Okano
- Department of Head and Neck Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
| | - Makoto Tahara
- Department of Head and Neck Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center Hospital EastChibaJapan
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Carey RM, Fathy R, Shah RR, Rajasekaran K, Cannady SB, Newman JG, Ibrahim SA, Brant JA. Association of Type of Treatment Facility With Overall Survival After a Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e1919697. [PMID: 31977060 PMCID: PMC6991286 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Patients with head and neck cancer receive care at academic comprehensive cancer programs (ACCPs), integrated network cancer programs (INCPs), comprehensive community cancer programs (CCCPs), and community cancer programs (CCPs). The type of treatment facility may be associated with overall survival. OBJECTIVE To examine whether type of treatment facility is associated with overall survival after a diagnosis of head and neck cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based retrospective cohort study included patients from the National Cancer Database, a prospectively maintained, hospital-based cancer registry of patients treated at more than 1500 US hospitals. Participants were diagnosed with malignant tumors of the head and neck from January 1, 2004, through December 31, 2016. Data were analyzed from May 1 through November 30, 2019. EXPOSURES Treatment at facilities classified as ACCPs, INCPs, CCCPs, or CCPs. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Overall survival after diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer was the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was the odds of receiving treatment at ACCPs and INCPs vs CCCPs and CCPs. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression and univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 525 740 patients (368 821 men [70.2%]; mean [SD] age, 63.3 [14.0] years) were diagnosed with malignant tumors of the head and neck during the study period. Among them, 36 595 patients (7.0%) were treated at CCPs; 174 658 (33.2%), at CCCPs; 232 867 (44.3%), at ACCPs; and 57 857 (11.0%), at INCPs. The median survival for patients with aerodigestive cancers was 69.2 (95% CI, 68.6-69.8) months; salivary gland cancers, 107.2 (95% CI, 103.9-110.2) months; and skin cancers, 113.2 (95% CI, 111.4-114.6) months. Improved overall survival was associated with treatment at ACCPs (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.88-0.91), INCPs (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92-0.96), and CCCPs (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92-0.95) compared with CCPs. Compared with patients with private insurance, those with government insurance (odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% CI, 1.29-1.41), no insurance (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.09-1.16), or Medicaid (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.14-1.20) were more likely to receive treatment at ACCPs and INCPs, whereas patients with Medicare were less likely to receive treatment at ACCPs and INCPs (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94-0.97). Compared with white patients, black (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.52-1.59) and Asian (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.49-1.63) patients were more likely to receive care at ACCPs and INCPs. Compared with patients from lower-income areas, patients from high-income areas were more likely to receive treatment at ACCPs and INCPs (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.22-1.28). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that treatment at ACCPs and INCPs was associated with a better overall survival rate in patients with head and neck cancer. Key social determinants of health such as race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and type of insurance were associated with receiving treatment at ACCPs and INCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Ramie Fathy
- currently a medical student at Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Ravi R. Shah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Karthik Rajasekaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Steven B. Cannady
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Jason G. Newman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Said A. Ibrahim
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jason A. Brant
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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91
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Bachar G, Tzelnick S, Amiti N, Gutman H. Patterns of failure in patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:914-917. [PMID: 31952929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of head and neck melanoma is increasing. Various factors influence prognosis. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the subgroup of patients with head and neck melanoma who fail primary treatment and to define the patterns of failure. METHODS The database of a tertiary medical center was reviewed for patients diagnosed and surgically treated for cutaneous head and neck melanoma in 1995-2014. Regional disease failure was defined as disease confirmed in positive SLNB at first assessment or at recurrence. RESULTS The cohort included 141 patients followed for a median duration of 6.8 years (range 1-20 years). Median tumor thickness was 2.1 mm (range 0.5-12 mm). Ulceration was documented in 38 patients (26.9%). Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was positive in 18 patients (12.8%). Total disease failure rate was 32.6% with similar rates of regional (n = 26, 18.4%) and distal (n = 22, 15.6%) failure. Most patients (86.3%) with systemic recurrence had a negative SNLB as did 6/26 patients (23%) with regional failure. Forty-three patients (30.4%) died during follow-up, half of them (23 patients, 16.3%) of melanoma. On multivariate analysis, Breslow thickness was the only significant predictor of outcome. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of treatment failure in patients with head and neck melanoma relate predominantly to Breslow thickness. The high false-negative rate of SNLB and the relatively high rate of systemic failures in patients with negative SNLB indicate a low predictive value of this procedure. Efforts to detect systemic disease during follow-up need to be intensified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Bachar
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Sharon Tzelnick
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Nimrod Amiti
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
| | - Haim Gutman
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Department of Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
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92
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Nilsen ML, Lyu L, Belsky MA, Mady LJ, Zandberg DP, Clump DA, Skinner HD, Peddada SD, George S, Johnson JT. Impact of Neck Disability on Health-Related Quality of Life among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 162:64-72. [PMID: 31613686 PMCID: PMC7263303 DOI: 10.1177/0194599819883295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although neck impairment has been described following surgical resection, limited studies have investigated its prevalence in nonsurgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and predictors of neck disability following head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment and to explore its association with quality of life (QOL). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING HNC survivorship clinic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We identified 214 survivors who completed treatment ≥1 year prior to evaluation in the clinic. Self-reported neck impairment was measured using the Neck Disability Index. QOL was measured using the University of Washington QOL Questionnaire, with physical and social subscale scores calculated. Regression analysis and trend tests were employed to explore associations. RESULTS Over half of survivors (54.2%) reported neck disability. The odds of neck disability in survivors who received nonsurgical treatment and those who received surgery plus adjuvant treatment were 3.46 and 4.98 times higher compared to surgery alone (P = .008, P = .004). Survivors who underwent surgery only had higher physical and social QOL than those who received nonsurgical treatment (physical QOL: P < .001, social QOL: P = .023) and those who received surgery plus adjuvant treatment (physical QOL: P < .001, social QOL: P = .039). CONCLUSION This study revealed a high prevalence of neck disability following nonsurgical treatment. While neck disability is an established sequela of surgical resection, the impact of nonsurgical treatment has gone unrecognized. Early identification and intervention to prevent progression of neck disability are crucial to optimize QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci L. Nilsen
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lingyun Lyu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael A. Belsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leila J. Mady
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dan P. Zandberg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A. Clump
- Departmment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heath D. Skinner
- Departmment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shyamal Das Peddada
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susan George
- Centers for Rehab Services, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonas T. Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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93
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Szafarowski T, Sierdziński J, Ludwig N, Głuszko A, Filipowska A, Szczepański MJ. Assessment of cancer stem cell marker expression in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma shows prognostic value for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1). Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 867:172837. [PMID: 31811857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in carcinogenesis and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The most common markers indicating for CSCs are: CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH1A1. Our objective was to evaluate the prognostic potential of CSC markers in HNSCC. The study included 49 patients treated for primary HNSCC, 11 patients with upper respiratory tract epithelial dysplasia and 12 subjects with the normal pharyngeal mucosa as a control group. The frequency and expression levels of the four CSC markers were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to correlate CSC expression levels with tumor stage, lymph node metastases or overall survival (OS). CD44, CD24, CD133, ALDH1A1 were widely expressed in tumors, whereas CD44 was found to be higher in cancer tissue (P = 0.001). ALDH1A1 expression levels were found to be significantly higher in T3-T4 tumors vs. T1-T2 tumors (P = 0.05). Lymph node metastases had significantly higher expression levels of CD24 (P = 0.01) and CD133 (P < 0.05) than primary tumors. Multifactorial analysis revealed that overall survival (OS) for patients with ALDH1A1 negative tumors was 5.25 times higher than for patients with ALDH1A1 positive (ALDH1A1+) tumors (P = 0.01). On univariate and multivariate analysis, only ALDH1A1 positivity had a significant effect on OS of HNSCC patients (HR = 2.47 for P = 0.02). Immunohistochemistry-based assessments of CSC marker expression in HNSCC has significant predictive implications for patients with HNSCC. The frequency of CSCs in the tumor, specifically of ALDH1A1+ cells correlated with five-year OS in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Szafarowski
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Stępińska 19/25 Str., 00-739, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Janusz Sierdziński
- Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16 Str., 00-581, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Alicja Głuszko
- Department of Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Filipowska
- Department of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Str., 41-800, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Mirosław J Szczepański
- Department of Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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Chen WY, Chen TC, Lai SF, Liang THK, Huang BS, Wang CW. Outcome of bimodality definitive chemoradiation does not differ from that of trimodality upfront neck dissection followed by adjuvant treatment for >6 cm lymph node (N3) head and neck cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225962. [PMID: 31794576 PMCID: PMC6890260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, data regarding optimal treatment modality, response, and outcome specifically for N3 head and neck cancer are limited. This study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes between definitive chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) to the neck and upfront neck dissection followed by adjuvant CCRT. Ninety-three N3 squamous cell carcinoma head and neck cancer patients were included. Primary tumor treatment was divided to definitive CCRT (CCRT group) or curative surgery followed by adjuvant CCRT (surgery group). Neck treatment was also classified into two treatment modalities: definitive CCRT to the neck (CCRT group) or curative neck dissection followed by adjuvant CCRT (neck dissection group). Overall, the 2-year overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were 51.8%, 47.3%, 45.6%, and 43.6%, respectively. In both oropharyngeal cancer and nonoropharyngeal cancer patients, in terms of OS, LRFS, RRFS or DMFS no difference was noted regarding primary tumor treatment (CCRT vs. surgery) or neck treatment (CCRT vs. neck dissection). In summary, N3 neck patients treated with definitive CCRT may achieve similar outcomes to those treated with upfront neck dissection followed by adjuvant CCRT. Caution should be made to avoid overtreatment for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Chen
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Fan Lai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Hsiang-Kuang Liang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Shen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Wang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Bonadies A, Bertozzi E, Cristiani R, Govoni FA, Migliano E. Electrochemotherapy in Skin Malignancies of Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Clinical Efficacy and Aesthetic Benefits. Acta Derm Venereol 2019; 99:1246-1252. [PMID: 31612236 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin malignancies of the head and neck inflict significant structural, functional, and cosmetic burdens upon those affected. We retrospectively addressed electrochemotherapy anti-tumour efficacy in head and neck skin cancer patients who were not suitable for standard treatments. Scars' physical characteristics and aesthetics were evaluated using validated scar assessment scales. Among 33 treated patients, 82% experienced a complete tumour response while 18% experienced a partial response. At a median time period of 7 months, 96% of the evaluated scars came close to resembling the normal surrounding skin showing excellent results in terms of restoration to original condition with no deformity and/or distortion and in terms of preservation of functionality, such as oral competence and eye protection. Electrochemotherapy is an effective local anticancer procedure for cutaneous tumours. In the treatment of skin malignancies of the head and neck, especially in non-surgical cases, in the elderly and in patients declining surgery, electrochemotherapy may represent a valid alternative to standard management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bonadies
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, IT-00144 Rome, Italy.
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Burtness B, Harrington KJ, Greil R, Soulières D, Tahara M, de Castro G, Psyrri A, Basté N, Neupane P, Bratland Å, Fuereder T, Hughes BGM, Mesía R, Ngamphaiboon N, Rordorf T, Wan Ishak WZ, Hong RL, González Mendoza R, Roy A, Zhang Y, Gumuscu B, Cheng JD, Jin F, Rischin D. Pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy versus cetuximab with chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-048): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet 2019; 394:1915-1928. [PMID: 31679945 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1542] [Impact Index Per Article: 308.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab is active in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression associated with improved response. METHODS KEYNOTE-048 was a randomised, phase 3 study of participants with untreated locally incurable recurrent or metastatic HNSCC done at 200 sites in 37 countries. Participants were stratified by PD-L1 expression, p16 status, and performance status and randomly allocated (1:1:1) to pembrolizumab alone, pembrolizumab plus a platinum and 5-fluorouracil (pembrolizumab with chemotherapy), or cetuximab plus a platinum and 5-fluorouracil (cetuximab with chemotherapy). Investigators and participants were aware of treatment assignment. Investigators, participants, and representatives of the sponsor were masked to the PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) results; PD-L1 positivity was not required for study entry. The primary endpoints were overall survival (time from randomisation to death from any cause) and progression-free survival (time from randomisation to radiographically confirmed disease progression or death from any cause, whichever came first) in the intention-to-treat population (all participants randomly allocated to a treatment group). There were 14 primary hypotheses: superiority of pembrolizumab alone and of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy versus cetuximab with chemotherapy for overall survival and progression-free survival in the PD-L1 CPS of 20 or more, CPS of 1 or more, and total populations and non-inferiority (non-inferiority margin: 1·2) of pembrolizumab alone and pembrolizumab with chemotherapy versus cetuximab with chemotherapy for overall survival in the total population. The definitive findings for each hypothesis were obtained when statistical testing was completed for that hypothesis; this occurred at the second interim analysis for 11 hypotheses and at final analysis for three hypotheses. Safety was assessed in the as-treated population (all participants who received at least one dose of allocated treatment). This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02358031. FINDINGS Between April 20, 2015, and Jan 17, 2017, 882 participants were allocated to receive pembrolizumab alone (n=301), pembrolizumab with chemotherapy (n=281), or cetuximab with chemotherapy (n=300); of these, 754 (85%) had CPS of 1 or more and 381 (43%) had CPS of 20 or more. At the second interim analysis, pembrolizumab alone improved overall survival versus cetuximab with chemotherapy in the CPS of 20 or more population (median 14·9 months vs 10·7 months, hazard ratio [HR] 0·61 [95% CI 0·45-0·83], p=0·0007) and CPS of 1 or more population (12·3 vs 10·3, 0·78 [0·64-0·96], p=0·0086) and was non-inferior in the total population (11·6 vs 10·7, 0·85 [0·71-1·03]). Pembrolizumab with chemotherapy improved overall survival versus cetuximab with chemotherapy in the total population (13·0 months vs 10·7 months, HR 0·77 [95% CI 0·63-0·93], p=0·0034) at the second interim analysis and in the CPS of 20 or more population (14·7 vs 11·0, 0·60 [0·45-0·82], p=0·0004) and CPS of 1 or more population (13·6 vs 10·4, 0·65 [0·53-0·80], p<0·0001) at final analysis. Neither pembrolizumab alone nor pembrolizumab with chemotherapy improved progression-free survival at the second interim analysis. At final analysis, grade 3 or worse all-cause adverse events occurred in 164 (55%) of 300 treated participants in the pembrolizumab alone group, 235 (85%) of 276 in the pembrolizumab with chemotherapy group, and 239 (83%) of 287 in the cetuximab with chemotherapy group. Adverse events led to death in 25 (8%) participants in the pembrolizumab alone group, 32 (12%) in the pembrolizumab with chemotherapy group, and 28 (10%) in the cetuximab with chemotherapy group. INTERPRETATION Based on the observed efficacy and safety, pembrolizumab plus platinum and 5-fluorouracil is an appropriate first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic HNSCC and pembrolizumab monotherapy is an appropriate first-line treatment for PD-L1-positive recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. FUNDING Merck Sharp & Dohme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Burtness
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Kevin J Harrington
- The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Richard Greil
- Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Salzburg, Austria; Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Denis Soulières
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Makoto Tahara
- National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | - Amanda Psyrri
- National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Neus Basté
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Brett G M Hughes
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ricard Mesía
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fan Jin
- Merck & Co, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Danny Rischin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Austrialia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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97
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Huang CI, Wang CC, Tai TS, Hwang TZ, Yang CC, Hsu CM, Su YC. eIF4E and 4EBP1 are prognostic markers of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma recurrence after definitive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225537. [PMID: 31756179 PMCID: PMC6874317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is high risk of metastasis and recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, especially for patient who received definitive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Aberrant activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling occurs in approximately 80% of HNSCC, which has been indicated to serve as prognostic biomarkers for patients suffer from recurrence or metastasis. Therefore, in this study, we focus on the relationship between the expression level of signaling factors in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and recurrence tumor from HNSCC patients. A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed from 54 cases of HNSCC patients who received definitive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy, are followed more than 5 years, and with no previous malignancy and synchronous tumor. Slides were scored and dichotomized by two pathologists and scores. Based on the TMA block with IHC staining, the results showed that PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling was highly activated both in recurrence and non-recurrence patients. Particularly, in the recurrence population, the results showed the low expression phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (p-eIF4E) or high expression eIF4E, phospho-eIF4E binding protein 1 (p-4EBP1), phospho-ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (p-S6K1) and phospho-40S ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6R) exhibited worse overall survival. The expression level of eIF4E and p-4EBP1 were significantly associated with tumor recurrence and recurrence-free survival. Furthermore, high expression level of eIF4E and p-4EBP1 had worse recurrence-free survival. In conclusion, the expression of eIF4E and p-4EBP1 should be considered as predictive biomarkers for the HNSCC patients. This may contribute to potential predictive biomarkers for HNSCC patient who receive adjuvant radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-I. Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Tai
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzer-Zen Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Su
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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98
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Xu L, Shen J, Jia J, Jia R. Inclusion of hnRNP L Alternative Exon 7 Is Associated with Good Prognosis and Inhibited by Oncogene SRSF3 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:9612425. [PMID: 31828152 PMCID: PMC6885243 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9612425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Alternative splicing is increasingly associated with cancers. HnRNP L is a splicing factor that promotes carcinogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancers. Alternative exon 7 of hnRNP L contains an in-frame stop codon. Exon 7-included transcripts can be degraded via nonsense-mediated decay or encode a truncated hnRNP L protein. Exon 7-excluded transcripts can encode full-length functional hnRNP L protein. HnRNP L has an autoregulation mechanism by promoting the inclusion of its own exon 7. This study aimed to understand the relationship between the alternative splicing of exon 7 and HNSCC. Oncogenic splicing factor SRSF3 has an alternative exon 4 and similar autoregulation mechanism. HnRNP L promotes SRSF3 exon 4 inclusion and then inhibits SRSF3 autoregulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relationship between alternative splicing of hnRNP L exon 7 and clinical characteristics of HNSCC in a TCGA dataset was analyzed and confirmed by RT-PCR in a cohort of 61 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. The regulators of exon 7 splicing were screened in 29 splicing factors and confirmed by overexpression or silencing assay in HEK 293, CAL 27, and SCC-9 cell lines. RESULTS The inclusion of hnRNP L exon 7 was significantly negatively associated with the progression and prognosis of HNSCC, which was confirmed in the cohort of 61 OSCC patients. SRSF3 inhibited exon 7 inclusion and hnRNP L autoregulation and then promoted the expression of full-length functional hnRNP L protein. SRSF3 exon 4 inclusion was correlated with hnRNP L exon 7 inclusion in both HNSCC and breast cancer. HNSCC patients with both low hnRNP L exon 7 and SRSF3 exon 4 inclusion show poor overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Inclusion of hnRNP L alternative exon 7 is associated with good prognosis and inhibited by oncogene SRSF3 in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoxiang Shen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Xiamen Stomatology Hospital, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Xiamen Medical University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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99
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Yoo SH, Ock CY, Keam B, Park SJ, Kim TM, Kim JH, Jeon YK, Chung EJ, Kwon SK, Hah JH, Kwon TK, Jung KC, Kim DW, Wu HG, Sung MW, Heo DS. Poor prognostic factors in human papillomavirus-positive head and neck cancer: who might not be candidates for de-escalation treatment? Korean J Intern Med 2019; 34:1313-1323. [PMID: 30428646 PMCID: PMC6823569 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2017.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Since patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have favorable outcomes after treatment, treatment de-escalation for these patients is being actively investigated. However, not all HPV-positive HNSCCs are curable, and some patients have a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to identify poor prognostic factors in patients with HPV-positive HNSCC. METHODS Patients who received a diagnosis of HNSCC and tested positive for HPV from 2000 to 2015 at a single hospital site (n = 152) were included in this retrospective analysis. HPV typing was conducted using the HPV DNA chip assay or liquid bead microarray system. Expression of p16 in the tumors was assessed by immunohistochemistry. To determine candidate factors associated with overall survival (OS), univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 152 patients with HPV-positive HNSCC were included in this study; 82.2% were male, 43.4% were current or former smokers, and 84.2% had oropharyngeal cancer. By univariate analysis, old age, performance status ≥ 1, non-oropharyngeal location, advanced T classification (T3-4), and HPV genotype 18 were significantly associated with poor OS. By multivariable analysis, performance status ≥ 1 and non-oropharyngeal location were independently associated with shorter OS (hazard ratio [HR], 4.36, p = 0.015; HR, 11.83, p = 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, HPV genotype 18 positivity was also an independent poor prognostic factor of OS (HR, 10.87, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Non-oropharyngeal cancer, poor performance status, and HPV genotype 18 were independent poor prognostic factors in patients with HPV-positive HNSCC. Patients with these risk factors might not be candidates for de-escalation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hye Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Young Ock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Joon Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Keun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J. Hun Hah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tack-Kyun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Chun Jung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Gyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Whun Sung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Seog Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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100
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Guo Y, Ahn MJ, Chan A, Wang CH, Kang JH, Kim SB, Bello M, Arora RS, Zhang Q, He X, Li P, Dechaphunkul A, Kumar V, Kamble K, Li W, Kandil A, Cohen EEW, Geng Y, Zografos E, Tang PZ. Afatinib versus methotrexate as second-line treatment in Asian patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck progressing on or after platinum-based therapy (LUX-Head & Neck 3): an open-label, randomised phase III trial. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1831-1839. [PMID: 31501887 PMCID: PMC6927323 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment options are limited for patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) following progression after first-line platinum-based therapy, particularly in Asian countries. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this randomised, open-label, phase III trial, we enrolled Asian patients aged ≥18 years, with histologically or cytologically confirmed recurrent/metastatic HNSCC following first-line platinum-based therapy who were not amenable for salvage surgery or radiotherapy, and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0/1. Patients were randomised (2 : 1) to receive oral afatinib (40 mg/day) or intravenous methotrexate (40 mg/m2/week), stratified by ECOG performance status and prior EGFR-targeted antibody therapy. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by an independent central review committee blinded to treatment allocation. RESULTS A total of 340 patients were randomised (228 afatinib; 112 methotrexate). After a median follow-up of 6.4 months, afatinib significantly decreased the risk of progression/death by 37% versus methotrexate (hazard ratio 0.63; 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.82; P = 0.0005; median 2.9 versus 2.6 months; landmark analysis at 12 and 24 weeks, 58% versus 41%, 21% versus 9%). Improved PFS was complemented by quality of life benefits. Objective response rate was 28% with afatinib and 13% with methotrexate. There was no significant difference in overall survival. The most common grade ≥3 drug-related adverse events were rash/acne (4% with afatinib versus 0% with methotrexate), diarrhoea (4% versus 0%), fatigue (1% versus 5%), anaemia (<1% versus 5%) and leukopenia (0% versus 5%). CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the phase III LUX-Head & Neck 1 trial, afatinib significantly improved PFS versus methotrexate, with a manageable safety profile. These results demonstrate the efficacy and feasibility of afatinib as a second-line treatment option for certain patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01856478.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - M-J Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A Chan
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C-H Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - J-H Kang
- The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul
| | - S-B Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M Bello
- Department of Oncology, St Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - R S Arora
- Department Oncology, Sujan Surgical Cancer Hospital and Amravati Cancer Foundation, Amravati, India
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - X He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing
| | - P Li
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - A Dechaphunkul
- Division of Medical Oncology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - V Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | - K Kamble
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India
| | - W Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, First Hospital Affiliated to Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - A Kandil
- Internal Medicine, Alexandria University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - E E W Cohen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Y Geng
- Biostatistics, Boehringer Ingelheim (China) Investment Co., Ltd, China
| | - E Zografos
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Bracknell, Berkshire, UK
| | - P Z Tang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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