26
|
Marocco C, Zimatore G, Mocini E, Fornari R, Iolascon G, Gallotta MC, Bimonte VM, Baldari C, Lenzi A, Migliaccio S. Efficacy of Denosumab Therapy Following Treatment with Bisphosphonates in Women with Osteoporosis: A Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041728. [PMID: 33579002 PMCID: PMC7916792 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes RANKL, a cytokine able to interact with the RANK receptor on preosteoclasts and osteoclasts, decreasing their recruitment and differentiation, leading to a decreased bone resorption. The aim of this observational real-life study was to analyze adherence to denosumab therapy and assess its efficacy in increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and modulating biochemical skeletal markers following previous treatments with bisphosphonates in a group of post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. Women were recruited in the specialized center from March 2012 to September 2019. Biochemical markers were recorded at baseline and every six months prior to subsequent drug injection. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was requested at baseline and after 18/24 months. Comparing BMD at baseline and after denosumab therapy in naive patients and in those previously treated with bisphosphonates, a positive therapeutic effect was observed in both groups. The results of our real-life study demonstrate, as expected, that BMD values significantly increased upon denosumab treatment. Interestingly, denosumab showed an increased efficacy in patients previously treated with bisphosphonates. Moreover, biochemical markers data indicate that osteoporotic patients, without other concomitant unstable health conditions, could be evaluated once a year, decreasing the number of specialistic center access.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bimonte VM, Marampon F, Antonioni A, Fittipaldi S, Ferretti E, Pestell RG, Curreli M, Lenzi A, Vitale G, Brunetti A, Migliaccio S, Aversa A. Phosphodiesterase Type-5 Inhibitor Tadalafil Modulates Steroid Hormones Signaling in a Prostate Cancer Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020754. [PMID: 33451122 PMCID: PMC7828628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in normal prostate homeostasis and in prostate cancer (PCa) development, while the role of aromatase (Cyp19a1) is still unclear. We evaluated the effects of a treatment with Tadalafil (TAD) on both these proteins. Methods: Androgen-sensitive human PCa cell line (LnCAP) was incubated with/without TAD (10−6 M) and bicalutamide (BCT) (10−4 M) to evaluate a potential modulation on cell proliferation, protein and mRNA expression of Cyp19a, AR and estrogen receptor-β (ERβ), respectively. Results: TAD increased early AR nuclear translocation (p < 0.05, after 15 min of exposure), and increased AR transcriptional activity (p < 0.05) and protein expression (p < 0.05) after 24 h. Moreover, after 24 h this treatment upregulated Cyp19a1 and ERβ mRNA (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005 respectively) and led to an increase in protein expression of both after 48 h (p < 0.05). Interestingly, TAD counteracted Cyp19a1 stimulation induced by BCT (p < 0.05) but did not alter the effect induced by BCT on the AR protein expression. Conclusion: We demonstrate for the first time that TAD can significantly modulate AR expression and activity, Cyp19a1 and ERβ expression in PCa cells, suggesting a specific effect of these proteins. In addition, TAD potentiates the antiproliferative activity of BCT, opening a new clinical scenario in the treatment of PCa.
Collapse
|
28
|
Gallotta MC, Zimatore G, Falcioni L, Migliaccio S, Lanza M, Schena F, Biino V, Giuriato M, Bellafiore M, Palma A, Battaglia G, Baldari C, Guidetti L. Influence of Geographical Area and Living Setting on Children's Weight Status, Motor Coordination, and Physical Activity. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:794284. [PMID: 35127594 PMCID: PMC8812466 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.794284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed (i) to examine the effect of living setting (rural vs. urban), geographical area (North vs. Center vs. South), and gender (boys vs. girls) on weight status, motor coordination, and physical activity (PA) level of Italian school-age children; (ii) to examine differences in the neighborhood walkability of different school areas from different geographical areas and living settings; and (iii) to examine whether motor coordination, PA level, geographical areas, living setting, neighborhood walkability, and gender could predict children's weight status. We assessed anthropometric parameters, gross motor coordination, and PA level in 1,549 children aged between 8 and 13 years. Results revealed that Central children had higher BMI than Northern and Southern children (η2 = 0.01). Moreover, Northern children showed the highest motor quotient (η2 = 0.148) and PA level (η2 = 0.02), followed by Southern and Central children, respectively. Children from the South of Italy attended schools located in neighborhoods with the highest Walk Score®. Urban children attended schools located in neighborhoods with a higher Walk Score® than rural children. Lower motor quotient (MQ), lower PA level, and living in a rural setting and in a car-dependent neighborhood were associated with a higher relative risk for obesity. Being a girl was associated with a lower relative risk for obesity. The alarming high percentage of overweight and obesity in children as well as motor coordination impairments revealed the urgent need of targeted PA interventions in pediatric population.
Collapse
|
29
|
Poggiogalle E, Kiesswetter E, Romano M, Saba A, Sinesio F, Polito A, Moneta E, Ciarapica D, Migliaccio S, Suwalska A, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Pałys W, Łojko D, Sulmont-Rossé C, Feart C, Brug J, Volkert D, Donini LM. Psychosocial and cultural determinants of dietary intake in community-dwelling older adults: A Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity systematic literature review. Nutrition 2020; 85:111131. [PMID: 33545539 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Knowledge of factors determining dietary intake is important to develop targeted strategies to prevent malnutrition and age-related diseases. The aim of the present systematic review was to analyze the state of the art regarding the role of social status, cultural aspects, and psychological distress on dietary intake in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A systematic search was performed per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses procedure. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened for predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies were included. Seven different groups of psychosocial and cultural determinants were associated with dietary intake. Family structure and living situation (e.g., loneliness, marital status), educational level, and income were the most important determinants associated with dietary choices and eating behavior. Less frequently, social assets, demographic parameters, psychosocial status, and awareness of current dietary recommendations were associated with the quality of the eating pattern. CONCLUSIONS The results of our review indicate heterogeneity of the studies in the field of social and psychological determinants of dietary patterns in older adults, but some important conclusions can be drawn. Further research harmonizing and integrating approaches and methodologies are required to better understand the determinants of dietary intake and the complexity of their interactions.
Collapse
|
30
|
Migliaccio S, Brasacchio C, Pivari F, Salzano C, Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Savastano S, Colao A. What is the best diet for cardiovascular wellness? A comparison of different nutritional models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2020; 10:50-61. [PMID: 32714512 PMCID: PMC7371887 DOI: 10.1038/s41367-020-0018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent to date the leading cause of mortality in both genders in the developed countries. In this context, a strong need for CVD prevention is emerging through lifestyle modification and nutrition. In fact, several studies linked CVD with unhealthy nutrition, alcohol consumption, stress, and smoking, together with a low level of physical activity. Thus, the primary aim is to prevent and reduce CVD risk factors, such as impaired lipid and glycemic profiles, high blood pressure and obesity. Different types of diet have been, therefore, established to optimize the approach regarding this issue such as the Mediterranean diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet (DASH), vegetarian diet, ketogenic diet, and Japanese diet. Depending on the diet type, recommendations generally emphasize subjects to increase vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and pulses consumption, but discourage or recommend eliminating red meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages, along with processed foods that are high in sugar, salt, fat, or low in dietary fiber. In particular, we evaluated and compared the peculiar aspects of these well-known dietary patterns and, thus, this review evaluates the critical factors that increase CVD risk and the potential application and benefits of nutritional protocols to ameliorate dietary and lifestyle patterns for CVD prevention.
Collapse
|
31
|
Di Gruttola O, Paribello G, Paduano IG, Migliaccio S, Argentino G, Sannino G, Russo D. P1192METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (PD): A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of alterations represents a cluster of risk factors that increase the probability of causing cardiovascular (CV) events by three times. The aim of our study was to analyze the prevalence of MS in patients with Chronic Renal Failure undergoing replacement treatment by peritoneal dialysis afferent to our center.
Method
We retrospectively studied 117 patients in PD (2015-2019 census period). The characteristics are reassumed in tab1. We assessed the prevalence and impact of MS considering hard outcome: death for IMA and cerebral death. Patients with at least 3 of the following diagnostic criteria (CD) were considered affected by MS: waist circumference> 102 cm in men or > 88 cm in women, high blood pressure (PA> 130/85 mmHg or under pharmacological treatment), HDL levels <40 mg/dl in men or <50 mg/dl in women, triglycerides> 150 mg/dl and fasting glucose> 100 mg/dl or under pharmacological treatment.
Results
The prevalence of MS in our cohort is 46% (54 patients), the patients who have 2 CD are 29% (34 patients), those with only 1 CD 25% (29 patients), no patient had 0 CD. Arterial hypertension represents the most represented risk factor (RF) (91.1%) in agreement with the literature and with the Framingham Offspring Study (non-dialysis patients). The others RF are distributed in this way: reduced HDL (55.8%), hypertriglyceridemia (40.2%), high waist circumference (38.2%), fasting hyperglycaemia (24.5%) (graph 1). Among the 54 patients with MS, 12 CV events occurred during the observation period, while among the 34 patients with two CD, 8 CV events occurred. Among the 29 patients with only 1 CD there was 1 death attributable to CV causes (graph 2). From these data it is clear that MS is a risk factor for CV events according to the literature. It is interesting to observe that comparing the group of patients with 2 CD and with 1 CD, it shows that the presence of 2 CD is a sufficient risk factor to increase the probability of CV events (OR = 8.6 & p <0.05 ).
Conclusion
The prevalence of MS in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis is elevated with a negative impact on the risk of CV events. At the same time, our data shows the importance of assessing each individual risk factor regardless of the presence of full-blown MS. In particular, we observed that the presence of 2 CD is sufficient to predispose CV events. This shows that timely treatment of RF, even in the absence of full-blown MS, could favor the reduction of the risk of CV events in patients in DP
Collapse
|
32
|
Paribello G, Di Gruttola O, Paduano IG, Migliaccio S, Argentino G, Sannino G, Russo D. P1169NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: TWO METHODS COMPARED. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Nutritional status and survival are closely related: a state of undernutrition favors the onset of fatal and non-fatal events. This association becomes even more important in the dialysis patient in which a vicious circle is generated in which undernutrition worsens the basic condition. The issue of our study is to evaluate the nutritional status of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) comparing the two methods (CAPD-APD).
Method
We evaluated 36 PD patients whose characteristics are reassumed in Tab1. In these patients, dialysis adequacy was assessed by Kt/v and nutritional status through biochemical parameters and the following scores (Tab.2):
• PCR (Protein catabolic rate)
• PEW (Protein energy waste)
• GNRI (Geriatric nutritional risk index)
• CONUT (Controlling nutritional status score)
Results
The data collected shows that 29 patients have a dialysis adequacy compliant with that proposed by the international guidelines (Kt/v ≥ 1.7), of the 7 patients who do not achieve this adequacy 4 are in CAPD and 3 in APD. From a nutritional point of view we consider the ideal PCR of about 1.2 g/kg weight, but this value is difficult to reach by many patients; therefore, a value of at least 0.8 g/Kg/day is considered acceptable. This target is reached by 26 patients; of the 10 patients who do not reach it, 3 are in CAPD and 7 in APD. Analyzing the two methods separately, we can observe that in the CAPD patients the PCR is significantly higher (p <0.002). As regards GNRI, a score <92 is considered as an indicator of an unfavorable prognosis; in this case we can observe that only 3 patients have a score <92, all in APD without however a significant difference between the two methods (p <0.36). Taking into account the reference values for PEW (Tab2) we can highlight the difference between the two methods in the number of patients with a moderate/severe undernutrition status: 13 in APD vs 6 in CAPD. The same can be said for CONUT where an important state of undernutrition is observed in 4 patients in APD vs 1 single patient in CAPD.
Conclusion
The study shows how the combined use of multiple parameters is fundamental in managing of patients nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis. The overall analysis of the scores used has shown a greater risk of malnutrition in APD patients in which is necessary to monitor carefully nutritional status, eating habits and lifestyle.
Collapse
|
33
|
Capozzi A, Scambia G, Migliaccio S, Lello S. Role of vitamin K 2 in bone metabolism: a point of view and a short reappraisal of the literature. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:285-288. [PMID: 31711322 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1689554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K2 (vit K2) belongs to a large group of fat-soluble compounds whose formulation is MK (menaquinone) (MK-2 to MK-14), that seem to be involved in different biological functions. In particular, vit K2 has been recently recognized as efficacious and safe in treatment of bone loss, as it contributes to structural integrity of osteocalcin (OC), the major non-collagenous protein typically found in bone matrix. Several studies proved low vit K2 intake is linked to bone loss and to increased fracture risk in both sexes. Nowadays, vit K2 supplementation is considered a significant manner to enhance the association of calcium and vitamin D whose role on bone health is largely recognized. On the other hand, vit K2 may be used alone or with other drugs to preserve bone quality/strength from skeletal degradation after menopause and/or in patients affected by secondary osteoporosis. In this paper, we review the most recent data about vit K2 on skeleton.
Collapse
|
34
|
Nastri L, Moretti A, Migliaccio S, Paoletta M, Annunziata M, Liguori S, Toro G, Bianco M, Cecoro G, Guida L, Iolascon G. Do Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals Have Effects on Dental Implant Osseointegration? A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010268. [PMID: 31968626 PMCID: PMC7019951 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several factors affect dental implant osseointegration, including surgical issues, bone quality and quantity, and host-related factors, such as patients' nutritional status. Many micronutrients might play a key role in dental implant osseointegration by influencing some alveolar bone parameters, such as healing of the alveolus after tooth extraction. This scoping review aims to summarize the role of dietary supplements in optimizing osseointegration after implant insertion surgery. A technical expert panel (TEP) of 11 medical specialists with expertise in oral surgery, bone metabolism, nutrition, and orthopedic surgery performed the review following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) model. The TEP identified micronutrients from the "European Union (EU) Register of nutrition and health claims made on foods" that have a relationship with bone and tooth health, and planned a PubMed search, selecting micronutrients previously identified as MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms and adding to each of them the words "dental implants" and "osseointegration". The TEP identified 19 studies concerning vitamin D, magnesium, resveratrol, vitamin C, a mixture of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D, and synthetic bone mineral. However, several micronutrients are non-authorized by the "EU Register on nutrition and health claims" for improving bone and/or tooth health. Our scoping review suggests a limited role of nutraceuticals in promoting osseointegration of dental implants, although, in some cases, such as for vitamin D deficiency, there is a clear link among their deficit, reduced osseointegration, and early implant failure, thus requiring an adequate supplementation.
Collapse
|
35
|
Emerenziani GP, Ferrari D, Fittipaldi S, Bimonte VM, Marocco C, Greco EA, Perroni F, Migliaccio S, Lenzi A, Baldari C, Guidetti L. Effects of Acute Whole-Body Vibration Practice on Maximal Fat Oxidation in Adult Obese Males: A Pilot Study. Obes Facts 2020; 13:117-129. [PMID: 32203960 PMCID: PMC7250328 DOI: 10.1159/000505665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whole-body vibration (WBV) training has been established as a useful method to improve physical fitness in obese individuals. However, the effects of WBV exercise on maximal fat oxidation (MFO) have not been examined in obese subjects yet. METHOD MFO was eval-uated during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a treadmill in 12 adult obese males (BMI = 34.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2) after three different warm-up conditions: static half squat plus WBV (HSV), static half squat without WBV (HSWV), and rest (REST). Cortisol levels were evaluated before and after the warm-up, and 1 min (T1), 10 min (T10), and 30 min (T30) of the recovery phase. RESULTS MFO was significantly higher in HSV (p = 0.013; 569.4 ± 117.9 mg/min) and HSWV (p = 0.033; 563.8 ± 142.9 mg/min) than REST (445.5 ± 117.9 mg/min). Cortisol concentrations at T1 were significantly higher in HSV (p = 0.023) and HSWV (p = 0.015) than REST. Moreover, cortisol concentrations were significantly lower at T30 than T1 in HSWV (p = 0.04). No differences were found between T30 and T1 in HSV. CONCLUSIONS Active warm-up increases MFO; however, vibration stimulus during half squatting does not increase MFO during a CPET in obese subjects. The lack of significant differences of cortisol concentrations in HSV during the recovery phase might suggest a long-term effect of WBV on the endocrine system.
Collapse
|
36
|
Iolascon G, de Sire A, Calafiore D, Benedetti MG, Cisari C, Letizia Mauro G, Migliaccio S, Nuti R, Resmini G, Gonnelli S, Moretti A. Multifactorial Assessment of Risk of Falling in 753 Post-Menopausal Women: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study by the Italian Group for the Study of Metabolic Bone Diseases. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1077-1084. [PMID: 32753859 PMCID: PMC7354000 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s257304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess physical performance, number of falls, previous fragility fractures, and ongoing pharmacological therapy in a cohort of post-menopausal women, according to their risk of falling. METHODS In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we recruited in a 3-year period (May 2016 to April 2019), women aged >60 years referred to seven Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Outpatient Services of the Italian Group for the Study of Metabolic Bone Diseases. The study population was divided into three groups according to the risk of falling, assessed through the Elderly Fall Screening Test (EFST): low risk (EFST score=0-1); moderate risk (EFST=2-3); high risk (EFST=4-5). Outcome measures were: 4-meter gait speed (4MGS); unipedal stance time (UST); number of falls in the previous year; previous fragility fractures; ongoing pharmacological therapy. RESULTS We analyzed 753 women (mean aged 70.1±9.2 years): 378 (50.2%) at low risk of falling, 247 (32.8%) at moderate risk, and 128 (17.0%) at high risk. 4MGS and UST resulted as pathological in the 93.9% and 99.2%, respectively, of women at high risk. There were significant differences among groups for both outcomes (p<0.001). There was also a significant difference among groups (p<0.001) in terms of previous falls and fragility fractures. Lastly, there were significant differences (p<0.05) among groups in using antihypertensive drugs, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antidepressants, anti-osteoporotic drugs, and vitamin D, and/or calcium supplementation. CONCLUSION Physical performance, prevalence of falls and fragility fractures, and an assessment of pharmacological therapy should be investigated in post-menopausal women because of their significant correlation with risk of falling.
Collapse
|
37
|
Perroni F, Fittipaldi S, Falcioni L, Ghizzoni L, Borrione P, Vetrano M, Del Vescovo R, Migliaccio S, Guidetti L, Baldari C. Effect of pre-season training phase on anthropometric, hormonal and fitness parameters in young soccer players. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225471. [PMID: 31765396 PMCID: PMC6876839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the study were to investigate 1) the effect of 8 weeks of PSP training on anthropometrics, salivary hormones and fitness parameters in youth soccer players, 2) the correlations between fitness and hormonal parameters, and 3) the impact of the experience of the coach and his methodology of training on these parameters. Weight, height, BMI, pubertal development (PDS), salivary Cortisol (sC), salivary Testosterone (sT), salivary sDHEAS, intermittent tests (VO2max), and countermovement jump test (CMJ) modifications of 35 youth soccer players (age: 14±0 yrs; BMI: 20.8±1.8 k/m2) from two Italian clubs (“Lupa Frascati” -LF-; “Albalonga” -AL) were analysed. A significant (p<0.05) time by club effect was observed in sC (F(1,31) = 9.7, ES = 1.13), sT (F(1,31) = 4.2, ES = 0.74), CMJ (F(1,28) = 26.5, ES = 1.94), and VO2max (F(1,28) = 8.5, ES = 1.10). Statistical differences (p<0.05) in weight (F(1,32) = 25.5, ES = 0.11), sC (F(1,31) = 32.1, ES = 1.43), sT/sC ratio (F(1,31) = 10.1, ES = 0.97), sDHEAS/sC ratio (F(1,31) = 6.3, ES = 0.70), and VO2max (F(1,28) = 64.3, ES = 1.74) were found within time factor. Between clubs, differences (p<0.05) in sC (F(1,32) = 8.5, ES = 1.17), sT (F(1,31) = 4.2, ES = 0.74), CMJ (F(1,28) = 26.5, ES = 1.50), and VO2max (F(1,28) = 8.5, ES = 1.10) were found. CMJ was inversely correlated with sDHEAS (r = -0.38) before PSP, while Δ of CMJ showed significant correlations with Δ of sC (r = 0.43) and ΔVO2max was inversely correlated with ΔBMI (r = -0.54) and ΔsC (r = -0.37) in all subjects. Considering each single club, ΔVO2max showed correlations with ΔBMI (r = -0.45) in AL, while ΔCMJ showed correlations with ΔPDS (r = 0.72) in LF club. Since the PSP is often limited training time to simultaneously develop physical, technical and tactical qualities, an efficient method to distribute the training load is important in youth soccer players to increase the performance and to avoid injuries.
Collapse
|
38
|
Caprio M, Infante M, Moriconi E, Armani A, Fabbri A, Mantovani G, Mariani S, Lubrano C, Poggiogalle E, Migliaccio S, Donini LM, Basciani S, Cignarelli A, Conte E, Ceccarini G, Bogazzi F, Cimino L, Condorelli RA, La Vignera S, Calogero AE, Gambineri A, Vignozzi L, Prodam F, Aimaretti G, Linsalata G, Buralli S, Monzani F, Aversa A, Vettor R, Santini F, Vitti P, Gnessi L, Pagotto U, Giorgino F, Colao A, Lenzi A. Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in the management of metabolic diseases: systematic review and consensus statement from the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE). J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:1365-1386. [PMID: 31111407 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss is a milestone in the prevention of chronic diseases associated with high morbility and mortality in industrialized countries. Very-low calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKDs) are increasingly used in clinical practice for weight loss and management of obesity-related comorbidities. Despite evidence on the clinical benefits of VLCKDs is rapidly emerging, some concern still exists about their potential risks and their use in the long-term, due to paucity of clinical studies. Notably, there is an important lack of guidelines on this topic, and the use and implementation of VLCKDs occurs vastly in the absence of clear evidence-based indications. PURPOSE We describe here the biochemistry, benefits and risks of VLCKDs, and provide recommendations on the correct use of this therapeutic approach for weight loss and management of metabolic diseases at different stages of life.
Collapse
|
39
|
Greco EA, Lenzi A, Migliaccio S, Gessani S. Epigenetic Modifications Induced by Nutrients in Early Life Phases: Gender Differences in Metabolic Alteration in Adulthood. Front Genet 2019; 10:795. [PMID: 31572434 PMCID: PMC6749846 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic chronic diseases, also named noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), are considered multifactorial pathologies, which are dramatically increased during the last decades. Noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cancers, and chronic respiratory diseases markedly increase morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic costs. Moreover, NCDs induce several and complex clinical manifestations that lead to a gradual deterioration of health status and quality of life of affected individuals. Multiple factors are involved in the development and progression of these diseases such as sedentary behavior, smoking, pollution, and unhealthy diet. Indeed, nutrition has a pivotal role in maintaining health, and dietary imbalances represent major determinants favoring chronic diseases through metabolic homeostasis alterations. In particular, it appears that specific nutrients and adequate nutrition are important in all periods of life, but they are essential during specific times in early life such as prenatal and postnatal phases. Indeed, epidemiologic and experimental studies report the deleterious effects of an incorrect nutrition on health status several decades later in life. During the last decade, a growing interest on the possible role of epigenetic mechanisms as link between nutritional imbalances and NCDs development has been observed. Finally, because of the pivotal role of the hormones in fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism regulation throughout life, it is expected that any hormonal modification of these processes can imbalance metabolism and fat storage. Therefore, a particular interest to several chemicals able to act as endocrine disruptors has been recently developed. In this review, we will provide an overview and discuss the epigenetic role of some specific nutrients and chemicals in the modulation of physiological and pathological mechanisms.
Collapse
|
40
|
Greco EA, Lenzi A, Migliaccio S. Role of Hypovitaminosis D in the Pathogenesis of Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071506. [PMID: 31266190 PMCID: PMC6682882 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes have both rapidly increased during the last decades and are continuing to increase at an alarming rate worldwide. Obesity and impaired glucose homeostasis are closely related, and during the last decades of investigation about vitamin D, several clinical and epidemiological studies documented an inverse correlation between circulating vitamin D levels, central adiposity and the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. The insufficient sun exposure and outdoor activities of obese individuals, the storage of vitamin D in adipose tissue, because of its lipophilic properties, and the vitamin D-mediated modulation of adipogenesis, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and the immune system, are the main reasons for the close relationship between obesity, glucose homeostasis and hypovitaminosis D. Then objective of this review is to explore the pathophysiological mechanism(s) by which vitamin D modulates glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in obese individuals.
Collapse
|
41
|
Vaccaro MG, Izzo G, Ilacqua A, Migliaccio S, Baldari C, Guidetti L, Lenzi A, Quattrone A, Aversa A, Emerenziani GP. Characterization of the Effects of a Six-Month Dancing as Approach for Successful Aging. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:2048391. [PMID: 31316562 PMCID: PMC6601485 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2048391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a decline in multiple domains. Positive effects of dance practice on several health issues have been evaluated in young adults, while the effects of regular social dance practice on physical fitness, sexual health, and cognitive functions have not been studied yet in older experienced dancers. Thus, the aim of this study has been to investigate whether a 6-month social dance practice might influence fitness performance, sexual health, and specific cognitive functions and/or mood characteristics in older experienced dancers. Thirty experienced dancers (age: 71.2±5.1 years, 18 females/12 males) were enrolled from the dance school "NonSoloLiscio" of Catanzaro. Body composition, physical fitness, sexual health, and cognitive functions were assessed before (T0) and after (T6) intervention. After 6 months of dance practice, percent of fat mass (%FM) significantly decreased (p<0.01), while fat-free mass (FFM) significantly increased (p<0.01) in both genders. Moreover, significant main effects of time on physical fitness tests, such as chair stand test (CST) (p<0.01), gait speed (p<0.05), and timed up and go (p<0.05), were found. Sexual health was significantly higher in males than in females at T0 and no significant effects of dance on subjects' sexual health were found. Interestingly, trait of anxiety significant decreased (p<0.05) and perception of retrospective memory significantly increased (p=0.05) after training independently of gender. Our preliminary results suggest that, even in older intermediate-level dancer, the practice of social dance might positively influence body composition and also increase fitness performance, memory functions, and anxiety. In contrast, no effects on sexual health were observed after 6 months of dancing.
Collapse
|
42
|
Condello G, Capranica L, Minchella A, Cardone V, Migliaccio S, Di Baldassarre A, Forte R, Pesce C. Potential Effects of Mediators on Health Perception in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000560835.39157.5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
43
|
Fittipaldi S, Bimonte VM, Soricelli A, Aversa A, Lenzi A, Greco EA, Migliaccio S. Cadmium exposure alters steroid receptors and proinflammatory cytokine levels in endothelial cells in vitro: a potential mechanism of endocrine disruptor atherogenic effect. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:727-739. [PMID: 30478740 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental pollutant that causes alterations in human health acting as endocrine disruptor. Recent data suggest that cardiovascular system might be a contamination target tissue, since Cd is found in atheromatic plaques. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequence of Cd exposure of endothelial cells in vitro to evaluate detrimental effect in vascular system by a potential sex-steroid hormone receptor-dependent mechanism(s). METHODS To this aim, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) were cultured and exposed to several concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for different interval times. RESULTS CdCl2 exposure of HUVECs induced a significant increase of ERβ and Cyp19a1 at both mRNA and protein levels, while a drastic dose-dependent decrease of AR expression level was observed after 24 h of exposure. On the contrary, an increase of PhARser308 as well as a reduction of PhGSK-3βser9 and PhAKTser473 was detected after 1 h treatment. This effect was consistently reduced by GSK inhibition. Furthermore, CdCl2 abolished DHT-induced cell proliferation in HUVECs suggesting an antagonist-like effect of Cd on AR-mediated signaling. Remarkable, after 6 h CdCl2-treatment, a relevant increase in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA was observed and this effect was blocked by the presence of an ERβ-selective antagonist. Moreover, Cd-induced TxR1 overexpression, likely, correlated with the activation of p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time that Cd alters sex-steroid hormone receptors level and activity likely affecting intracellular signaling linked to a proinflammatory state in endothelial cells. This alteration might possibly lead to endothelial cell injury and vascular dysfunction and could be a mechanism of gender-specific atherogenic damages induced by endocrine disruptors and, thus, induce atherogenic events with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in individuals exposed to this endocrine disruptor.
Collapse
|
44
|
Fittipaldi S, Bimonte VM, Soricelli A, Aversa A, Lenzi A, Greco EA, Migliaccio S. Correction to: Cadmium exposure alters steroid receptors and proinflammatory cytokine levels in endothelial cells in vitro: a potential mechanism of endocrine disruptor atherogenic effect. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:741. [PMID: 30569282 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Unfortunately, the figure captions 4 and 6 were incorrectly published in the original publication. The complete correct captions are given below.
Collapse
|
45
|
Vignozzi L, Malavolta N, Villa P, Mangili G, Migliaccio S, Lello S. Consensus statement on the use of HRT in postmenopausal women in the management of osteoporosis by SIE, SIOMMMS and SIGO. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:609-618. [PMID: 30456623 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
46
|
Migliaccio S, Di Nisio A, Mele C, Scappaticcio L, Savastano S, Colao A. Obesity and hypovitaminosis D: causality or casualty? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2019; 9:20-31. [PMID: 31391922 DOI: 10.1038/s41367-019-0010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies reported that vitamin D deficiency represents an increasingly widespread phenomenon in various populations. Vitamin D deficiency is considered a clinical syndrome determined by low circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), which is the biologically-inactive intermediate and represents the predominant circulating form. Different mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain the association between hypovitaminosis D and obesity, including lower dietary intake of vitamin D, lesser skin exposure to sunlight, due to less outdoor physical activity, decreased intestinal absorption, impaired hydroxylation in adipose tissue and 25(OH)D accumulation in fat. However, several studies speculated that vitamin D deficiency itself could cause obesity or prevent weight loss. The fat-solubility of vitamin D leads to the hypothesis that a sequestration process occurs in body fat depots, resulting in a lower bioavailability in the obese state. After investigating the clinical aspects of vitamin D deficiency and the proposed mechanisms for low 25(OH)D in obesity, in this manuscript we discuss the possible role of vitamin D replacement treatment, with different formulations, to restore normal levels in individuals affected by obesity, and evaluate potential positive effects on obesity itself and its metabolic consequences. Food-based prevention strategies for enhancement of vitamin D status and, therefore, lowering skeletal and extra-skeletal diseases risk have been widely proposed in the past decades; however pharmacological supplementation, namely cholecalciferol and calcifediol, is required in the treatment of vitamin D insufficiency and its comorbidities. In individuals affected by obesity, high doses of vitamin D are required to normalize serum vitamin D levels, but the different liposolubility of different supplements should be taken into account. Although the results are inconsistent, some studies reported that vitamin D supplementation may have some beneficial effects in people with obesity.
Collapse
|
47
|
Emerenziani GP, Ferrari D, Marocco C, Greco EA, Migliaccio S, Lenzi A, Baldari C, Guidetti L. Relationship between individual ventilatory threshold and maximal fat oxidation (MFO) over different obesity classes in women. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215307. [PMID: 30973930 PMCID: PMC6459513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The use of the Individual Ventilatory Threshold (IVT), as parameter to prescribe exercise intensity in individuals with obesity, has become more frequent during the last years. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between IVT and Maximal Fat Oxidation (MFO) in women with obesity. Methods Fifty-two obese female adults (age = 43.6±10.9 years; BMI = 38.5±5.2 kg/m2) were included in this study. According to the BMI classification, subjects were divided into three groups: Obese Class I (OBI, n = 16); Obese Class II (OBII, n = 20) and Obese Class III (OBIII, n = 16). All subjects performed an incremental graded exercise test to evaluate peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), IVT and MFO. MFO was evaluated using a stoichiometric equation. Fat max zone was determined for each subject within 10% of fat oxidation rates at MFO. For each HR, %HRmax, VO2 and %VO2peak variable, Pearson’s correlation test was done between IVT and MFO exercise intensity. When statistical correlation was found we used a comparative statistical analysis to assess differences between IVT and MFO. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results For each HR, %HRmax, VO2 and %VO2peak variable there was a positive significant correlation (P<0.01) between IVT and MFO. No significant differences were found for HR, %HRmax, and VO2 between IVT and MFO. %VO2peak was significantly higher at IVT than at MFO (P = 0.03). MFO rates were significantly higher in OBIII women than in women of the other two classes. In all subjects, IVT was within the fat max zone. Conclusion The use of HR and VO2 corresponding to IVT could be a useful parameter not only to improve cardiorespiratory fitness but also to prescribe physical activity that maximize fat oxidation in obese subjects.
Collapse
|
48
|
Greco EA, Pietschmann P, Migliaccio S. Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Increase Frailty Syndrome in the Elderly. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:255. [PMID: 31068903 PMCID: PMC6491670 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal aging is a major public health interesting and strain due to the significant demographic modifications in the population, and it is linked to high risk of falls, loss of autonomy in elderly individuals and institutionalization with small health outcomes. Thus, this pathological status is related to high morbidity and health care rates. Bone mass and muscle mass and strength increase during late adolescence and early adulthood but start to reduce noticeably from the fifth decade of life and are closely linked. Bone and muscle tissues were increasingly recognized, as endocrine target organs and endocrine organs themselves, interacting through paracrine and endocrine signals. During growth, bone mineral content closely correlates with muscle mass, and several evidences suggest that osteoporosis and sarcopenia present common pathophysiological factors and show the correlation between low bone mineral density and sarcopenia in both men and women. Then, sarcopenia and osteoporosis, typical features of aging, are often associated with each other and with the frailty syndrome. In particular, sarcopenia and osteoporosis are major contributors to disability and frailty and the common denominators are age-related chronic inflammation, changes in body composition and hormonal imbalance. Frailty syndrome is characterized by a reduced response to stress, triggering the decline of the physiological functioning of the various systems. Frailty syndrome, typical of the older people, is frequently associated with a reduction in the quality of life and mobility. Falls often are the basis of reduced mobility and ability to perform the common functions of daily life and the increase in the number of institutionalizations. Moreover, the reduction of muscle mass, associated with altered muscle composition, fat and fibrous infiltration and alterations in innervations, and the increase in fat mass, have a synergistic effect on the increase in cardiovascular risk. The aim of this review is to analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the frailty syndrome and its association with sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and investigate possible intervention measures.
Collapse
|
49
|
Nuti R, Brandi ML, Checchia G, Di Munno O, Dominguez L, Falaschi P, Fiore CE, Iolascon G, Maggi S, Michieli R, Migliaccio S, Minisola S, Rossini M, Sessa G, Tarantino U, Toselli A, Isaia GC. Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Intern Emerg Med 2019; 14:85-102. [PMID: 29948835 PMCID: PMC6329834 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-018-1874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this document, a result of the harmonisation and revision of Guidelines published separately by the SIMFER, SIOMMMS/SIR, and SIOT associations, is to provide practical indications based on specific levels of evidence and various grades of recommendations, drawn from available literature, for the management of osteoporosis and for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of fragility fractures. These indications were discussed and formally approved by the delegates of the Italian Scientific Associations involved in the project (SIE, SIGG, SIMFER, SIMG, SIMI, SIOMMMS, SIR, and SIOT).
Collapse
|
50
|
Emerenziani GP, Gallotta MC, Migliaccio S, Greco EA, Marocco C, di Lazzaro L, Fornari R, Lenzi A, Baldari C, Guidetti L. Response to: Comment #2 on "Differences in Ventilatory Threshold for Exercise Prescription in Outpatient Diabetic and Sarcopenic Obese Subjects". Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:3093208. [PMID: 30675158 PMCID: PMC6323419 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3093208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|