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Fox R, Tomkinson A, Myers P. Morbidity in patients waiting for tonsillectomy in Cardiff: a cross-sectional study. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2006; 120:214-8. [PMID: 16549039 DOI: 10.1017/s002221510600020x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Our aim was to determine the morbidity of patients awaiting tonsillectomy.Design: The study comprised a questionnaire survey of 379 children and 278 adults waiting over 12 months for tonsillectomy.Outcome measures: These comprised frequency of infection, sickness absence and continuing desire for surgery.Results: Response rates were 70 per cent (children) and 60 per cent (adults). Morbidity was similar in adults and children, and in those waiting more or less than two years. In the six months prior to the study, 86 per cent of children and 83 per cent of adults had had tonsillitis. Sixty per cent of children and 50 per cent of adults had had three or more episodes. Sixty-two per cent of children and 59 per cent of adults had had at least one long episode of tonsillitis, and 29 per cent of children and 24 per cent of adults had had more than three long episodes. Eighty-nine per cent of children had missed school at least once, compared with 71 per cent of adults missing work at least once (p = 0.01). The frequency of infection was significantly associated with patients' desire for surgery (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Patients awaiting tonsillectomy experience considerable morbidity. This study does not support the hypothesis that untreated patients will ‘outgrow’ their condition.
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Pal'chun VT. [New developments in the problem of chronic tonsillitis]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2006:7-8. [PMID: 17419493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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Yadav J, Gathwala G, Sood S, Maharjan M, Singh I. Effect of adenotonsillitis on peak exploratory flow rate in children. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2005; 44:135-7. [PMID: 16751816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Peak Exploratory Flow Rate (PEFR) is a simple, economical, reproducible, non-invasive test, which can be quickly performed with ease. PEFR was assessed in 36 children with adenotonsillar enlargement with mean age 10.75 years and equal number of age and sex matched normal children who acted as controls. PEFR was found to be 250. 61 +/- 66.92 lt/min in controls and 216.85 +/- 59.76 lt/min in children with adenotonsillar enlargement signifying impairment of PEFR in children in the second group.
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Abstract
Bacterial interactions that include antagonism (interference) and synergism help maintain balance between the members of the normal endogenous flora. Alpha-streptococci that predominate in the normal respiratory tract flora attracted most attention in studies of bacterial interference. Other organisms that possess interfering characteristics in upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are nonhemolytic streptococci, and Prevotella and Peptostreptococcus spp. The production of bacteriocins by some microorganisms is one of the important mechanisms of interference. The role of bacterial interference in the development of URTI and its effect on the eradication of these infections is discussed. These infections include pharyngo-tonsillitis, otitis media, and sinusitis. Treatment with various antimicrobial agents can affect the balance between members of the oro-pharyngeal bacterial flora and interfering organisms. Implantation into the indigenous microflora of low virulence bacterial strains that are potentially capable of interfering with colonization and infection with other more virulent organisms has been used in preliminary studies as a means of coping with the failure of antimicrobials in the treatment of several URTI.
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Shokouhi G, Naghili B. Spontaneous resolution of acquired tonsillar herniation caused by isolated cerebellar tonsil inflammation: case report. Neurosurgery 2005; 56:E1158; discussion E1158. [PMID: 15854268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2003] [Accepted: 08/10/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Chiari I malformation is a well-known disease involving caudal descent of the cerebellar tonsils and is generally considered to be a congenital condition. Acquired Chiari I malformations as a result of various causes are well described. An unusual case is reported in which regression of an acquired Chiari I malformation caused by isolated cerebellar tonsil inflammation in a patient with infectious mononucleosis was observed after conservative treatment. This supports the view that the cause of tonsillar herniation should be considered as an important factor in patient selection for surgical decompression. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 6-year-old boy presented with a 1-week history of progressive occipital headache, neck pain, and dysequilibrium. A neurological examination revealed hyperreflexia in all extremities; he also had a fever, pharyngitis, and cervical adenopathy. A magnetic resonance imaging study demonstrated isolated right cerebellar tonsil enhancement and herniation into the foramen magnum. Further laboratory findings disclosed Epstein-Barr virus infection. INTERVENTION The patient underwent conservative treatment for systemic illness, and he was asymptomatic after 3 weeks. A follow-up magnetic resonance imaging study obtained 2 months after discharge demonstrated resolution of the tonsillar herniation. CONCLUSION Because the patient presented with infectious mononucleosis and cerebellar tonsillar herniation, direct treatment of decompression was considered unnecessary. Thus, caution in patient selection for surgical treatment is suggested in such unique cases.
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Shimizu T, Niizeki H, Takeuchi O, Yamasaki Y, Inamoto N, Kusunoki Y, Kobayashi K, Abe R, Shimizu H, Nishikawa T, Hashiguchi K, Nishihira J. Induction of macrophage migration inhibitory factor precedes the onset of acute tonsillitis. Mediators Inflamm 2005; 13:293-5. [PMID: 15545061 PMCID: PMC1781563 DOI: 10.1080/09629350400003175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels of palmoplantar pustulosis patients, before and after the tonsillar provocation test. Higher serum MIF levels of palmoplantar pustulosis patients were decreased after the tonsillar provocation test (n=29). To confirm these phenomena, two patients with acute tonsillitis had their changes in body temperature, C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum MIF levels examined during the course of their illness. Surprisingly, increased MIF preceded fever and CRP elevation, and MIF subsequently decreased at the onset of fever and CRP elevation. Since MIF is an initiator of other proinflammatory cytokines, we suggest that the induction of MIF may precede other inflammatory conditions.
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Cruise A. Tonsillar size is an important indicator of recurrent acute tonsillitis. Clin Otolaryngol 2005; 30:211-2; author reply 212. [PMID: 15839886 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.2005.00991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Proceedings of a symposium on the relations between IgA nephropathy and tonsils. Okayama, Japan, April 13, 2003. ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA. SUPPLEMENTUM 2004:1-63. [PMID: 15825236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
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Kucera T, Pácová H, Veselý D, Astl J, Martínek J. Apoptosis and cell proliferation in chronic tonsillitis and oropharyngeal carcinoma: role of nitric oxide and cytokines. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2004; 148:225-7. [PMID: 15744382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
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Goldbart AD, Goldman JL, Li RC, Brittian KR, Tauman R, Gozal D. Differential expression of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors 1 and 2 in tonsils of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome or recurrent infection. Chest 2004; 126:13-8. [PMID: 15249436 DOI: 10.1378/chest.126.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent tonsillitis and sleep apnea are the major indications for tonsillectomy in children. We hypothesized that the recurrent vibration in the upper airway of snoring children would promote inflammatory changes in the tonsillar tissue and would lead to the up-regulation of cysteinyl leukotriene (LT) receptors (Rs). OBJECTIVE To assess the expression patterns of the human LT-Rs in children undergoing tonsillectomy, and compare those patterns in children having recurrent throat infections (RIs) and children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (SA). METHODS Tonsillar tissue from 17 children with SA and 13 with RIs was subjected to quantitative polymerase chain reaction using specific primers for LT1-R and LT2-R, and to immunohistochemistry and Western blotting for protein expression of LT1-R and LT2-R. RESULTS Messenger RNA encoding for the expression of LT1-R and LT2-R was detected in the tonsils of all children. Immunoblots revealed significantly higher expressions of LT1-R and LT2-R in the tonsils of children with SA. The topographic pattern of both receptors differed among the tonsils of children with SA and RI. CONCLUSION LT1-R and LT2-R are expressed in pediatric tonsillar tissue, are more abundant in SA patients, and demonstrate a specific topographic pattern of expression. These findings suggest that an inflammatory process involving LT expression and regulation occurs in children with SA.
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Jalessi M, Shahram F, Safavi A, Davatchi F, Nadji A, Jamshidi A, Chams C, Gharibdoost F. Tonsillectomy and Behçet's disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2003; 528:471-2. [PMID: 12918746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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Harafuchi Y. [Physiopathology and management in children--indication for tonsillectomy]. NIHON JIBIINKOKA GAKKAI KAIHO 2002; 105:1166-9. [PMID: 12625357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Wang HW, Su WF, Lin YS, Kang BH. Immunolocalization of inducible nitric oxide synthase and 3-nitrotyrosine in recurrently inflamed, human palatine tonsils. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2002; 259:413-8. [PMID: 12235514 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-002-0498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2001] [Accepted: 05/17/2002] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible involvement of nitric oxide and its toxic metabolite--peroxynitrite--in the pathogenesis of recurrent tonsillitis. Tonsil specimens with recurrent inflammation were obtained from patients who required tonsillectomies as surgical treatment for their conditions. The relatively normal tonsils were obtained from patients who underwent uvulo-palato-pharyngoplasty for habitual snoring or obstructive sleep apnea. The sites of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in the tonsil specimens were examined with an immunohistochemical technique. The possible production of peroxynitrite was evaluated by immunolabeling of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) as its biological footprint. Each section was given a score of 0 to 4 according to the labeling intensity seen, with the highest number representing the highest labeling intensity. We found that tonsils with recurrent inflammation had iNOS expression mainly in the mucosal epithelium, subepithelial regions and vascular endothelium. The parenchyma of the tonsils, where T- and B-cell clones are located, showed little iNOS immunoreactivity. The accumulation of 3-NT had a similar distribution pattern to that of iNOS expression. However, the normal tonsils showed limited iNOS expression on mucosal epithelium and rare 3-NT accumulation. Recurrently inflamed tonsils had significantly higher labeling scores for both iNOS and 3-NT compared to normal tonsils. Further, a higher iNOS score correlated with a higher 3-NT accumulation. These data suggest that iNOS expression and the formation of peroxynitrite may have an important role in the pathogenesis of recurrent tonsillitis.
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Khmel'nitskaia NM, Vlasova VV, Kosenko VA. [The evaluation of the palatine tonsil function in patients with chronic tonsillitis]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2001:33-9. [PMID: 11011577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The authors review the results of the research performed in patients with chronic tonsillitis in 1997-1999. Immunological activity of their palatine tonsils was evaluated according to the original technique which demonstrated relations between external functional activity of the palatine tonsils and age as well as symptoms of chronic tonsillitis. Additional information is presented on interrelations between lymphocytopoietic production of the palatine tonsils and hormonal status, metabolism, ecological and physical factors. The study of lifetime activity of the palatine tonsils is necessary for examination of local immunity of the mucous membranes of the lymphoid pharyngeal ring.
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Matsuda M, Shikata K, Wada J, Yamaji H, Shikata Y, Doi A, Kosaka M, Akagi H, Masuda Y, Ohmoto Y, Makino H. Increased urinary excretion of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in patients with IgA nephropathy: tonsil stimulation enhances urinary M-CSF excretion. Nephron Clin Pract 2000; 81:264-70. [PMID: 10050079 DOI: 10.1159/000045291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper respiratory tract infection including chronic tonsillitis is considered to be involved in the onset and/or the progression of IgA nephropathy. It is well known that deterioration of urinary findings occurs after episodes of upper respiratory tract infection in patients with IgA nephropathy. We previously showed that the expression of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is increased in the glomeruli of patients with IgA nephropathy and correlated with glomerular mesangial proliferation, suggesting that M-CSF plays an important role in the progression of IgA nephropathy. In the present study, we measured the serum and urinary concentrations of M-CSF in patients with IgA nephropathy associated with chronic tonsillitis. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of the local provocation test of tonsils (mechanical tonsil stimulation) on the serum and urinary concentrations of M-CSF in the following three groups: (1) IgA nephropathy with severe mesangial proliferation, (2) IgA nephropathy with mild mesangial proliferation, and (3) patients with chronic tonsillitis without renal disease. The serum and urinary levels of M-CSF in the groups with severe and mild IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in the chronic tonsillitis group. The urinary M-CSF level but not the serum M-CSF level was positively correlated with the degrees of mesangial proliferation and glomerular M-CSF expression in the renal biopsy specimens. The urinary M-CSF concentration was significantly increased after tonsillitis stimulation in both mild and severe IgA nephropathy groups. Enhanced urinary excretion of M-CSF prolonged for 7 days after tonsil stimulation in the severe IgA nephropathy group; in contrast, the urinay M-CSF level was increased for only 2 days after tonsil stimulation in the mild IgA nephropathy group. The urinary M-CSF level was not changed in the chronic tonsillitis group after tonsil stimulation. The serum concentrations of M-CSF were not changed after tonsil stimulation in these three groups. Our present results suggest that tonsil stimulation contributes to the progression of IgA nephropathy via enhancement of glomerular production of M-CSF. The urinary excretion of M-CSF may be a useful predictor to evaluate the relevance of chronic tonsillitis to the disease and the indication of tonsillectomy in patients with IgA nephropathy.
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Gabriel P, Mazoit X, Ecoffey C. Relationship between clinical history, coagulation tests, and perioperative bleeding during tonsillectomies in pediatrics. J Clin Anesth 2000; 12:288-91. [PMID: 10960200 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(00)00164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the value of clinical history and preoperative coagulation tests. DESIGN Prospective, multicenter clinical investigation. SETTING Twenty-four centers over a one-year period. PATIENTS 1,706 children scheduled for tonsillectomy. In 1, 479 out of 1,706 children, studied age was ranged from 9 months to 15 years. Indications for surgery were tonsillar infection 54%, sleep apnea 33%, or both 13%. Surgical dissection was performed in 1, 284 cases (88%) and sluder technique in 172 cases (12%). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Clinical history of bleeding, preoperative coagulation tests, and perioperative bleeding were recorded. Clinical history of bleeding was positive in 13 patients; clinical history cannot predict abnormal coagulation tests. Coagulation tests were abnormal in 57 children (4%). Only 8 patients had disease-induced bleeding; five children had a preoperative correction of the deficiency in factor of coagulation or received desmopressin acetate prior to surgery in the case of von Willebrand's disease. Bleeding that occurred during the intraoperative period was assessed as abnormal by the surgeon in 101 children (7%) and during the postoperative period in 50 children (3%). Univariate analysis showed a relationship between intraoperative bleeding and age (p < 0.001), sluder technique (p < 0. 001), and abnormal preoperative coagulation tests (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed the probability that bleeding was linked to the center where the surgery took place, the technique used, i.e., sluder technique, and the child's age, i.e., the older children. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative assessment based on the history of bleeding cannot predict abnormal laboratory tests. Neither the history of bleeding or laboratory tests can predict postoperative bleeding.
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Leelarasamee A, Leowattana W, Tobunluepop P, Chub-upakarn S, Artavetakun W, Jarupoonphol V, Varangphongsri K, Leelarasamee I. Amoxicillin for fever and sore throat due to non-exudative pharyngotonsillitis: beneficial or harmful? Int J Infect Dis 2000; 4:70-4. [PMID: 10737842 DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(00)90097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine duration of signs and symptoms and adverse reactions after treatment with amoxicillin of patients with fever and sore throat due to non-exudative pharyngotonsillitis. DESIGN This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Outpatients at four medical centers were enrolled. Patients over 5 years of age presented with fever and sore throat for less than 10 days due to non-exudative pharyngotonsillitis. Cases with any of the following symptoms or illness were excluded: earache, nasal discharge with foul smell, rheumatic fever, valvular heart disease, renal disease, and penicillin hypersensitivity. Amoxicillin or identical placebo at the dosage of 50 mg/ kg per day was given three or four times daily for 7 days. RESULTS There were 1217 patients enrolled in this study. Some were lost to follow-up, which is the reason for the variability in number of cases in these analyses. After therapy, duration of fever was 2.46 and 2.48 days (P = 0.78) and of sore throat 3.01 and 3.04 days (P = 0.80) in amoxicillin (n = 431) and placebo (n = 436) groups, respectively. Complications were clinically documented in 13 (2.5%) and 16 (3.0%) cases in amoxicillin (n = 527) and placebo (n = 524) groups (P = 0.56). Two cases (0.46% and 0.46%) from each group (n= 433 and 431) were positive by antistreptolysin O antibody determination. The history of carditis and abnormal urinalysis after treatment were not obtained. CONCLUSIONS Amoxicillin therapy for non-exudative pharyngotonsillitis conferred no beneficial or harmful effect.
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Stewart MG. Pediatric outcomes research: development of an outcomes instrument for tonsil and adenoid disease. Laryngoscope 2000; 110:12-5. [PMID: 10718408 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200003002-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe the design and validation process of a disease-specific health status instrument for use in children with tonsil and adenoid disease. This instrument is reliable and valid and should be useful in future outcomes research on tonsil and adenoid disease. Some of the unique issues and challenges regarding outcomes research in pediatric patients are also discussed.
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Vlasova VV, Lantsov AA, Khmel'nitskaia NM. [Metabolism and the functional activity of the thyroid in patients with chronic tonsillitis and excess body weight]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 1998:43-6. [PMID: 9752098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and laboratory tests were conducted in 138 females of reproductive age with chronic decompensated tonsillitis (CDT) with normal and excessive body mass. Improper diet of the obese patients was responsible for specific manifestations of CDT, disturbances of lipid, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism, thyroid function.
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Lilja M, Räisänen S, Stenfors LE. Initial events in the pathogenesis of acute tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1998; 45:15-20. [PMID: 9804015 PMCID: PMC7173150 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(98)00071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial and epithelial cell samples were obtained, within 24 h of onset of pharyngeal symptoms, from the palatine tonsils of nine patients (four female and five male; age range 10-40 years, median age 23) with acute tonsillitis, culture-positive for Streptococcus pyogenes. The specimens were examined using fluorescein isothiocyanate- (FITC) and gold-labelled antiserum to S. pyogenes and fluorescence, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. S. pyogenes could be identified both in the mucous layer covering the tonsils and attached to the surface epithelial cells. Long chains of coccus-shaped bacteria could be seen encroaching on the epithelial cell borders. S. pyogenes can apparently penetrate the mucous barrier, attach to the epithelial cells, spread from cell to cell and possibly penetrate into the outermost layer of the epithelial cells. These events in turn provoke cytokine production and/or complement activation, which induce inflammatory reaction in the tonsillar tissue.
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Bobrov VA, Bashmakova NV. [Carbohydrate metabolism and autonomic regulation in patients with neurocirculatory dystonia]. LIKARS'KA SPRAVA 1998:31-4. [PMID: 9844865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Zalewski P, Grzybowski A, Olszewski J, Jeziorski A, Olszewska-Ziaber A, Konopka W, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Spałek E. [Evaluation of granulocyte (PMNL) function in patients with chronic inflammation of the middle ear and palatine tonsils]. OTOLARYNGOLOGIA POLSKA 1998; 49 Suppl 23:153-6. [PMID: 9499886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of granulocytes function (PMN) in patients with chronic inflammation of middle ear and palatine tonsils. There were 39 people examined and divided into: 28 patients with chronic inflammation of middle ear and palatine tonsil, 11 healthy persons. The function of granulocytes in patients with chronic inflammation of middle ear and palatine tonsil were changed more in comparison with the healthy people.
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Hone SW, Moodley S, Donnelly MJ, Fenton JE, Gormley PK, Walsh M. The effect of tonsillectomy on eustachian tube function. Clin Otolaryngol 1997; 22:511-4. [PMID: 9466059 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2273.1997.00062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A two-part study was designed to investigate the effect of tonsillectomy on eustachian tube function and to identify if any change is related to postoperative pain. Middle ear pressure was measured by tympanometry and results were classified as type A (+50 daPa to -99 daPa), type B (flat) or type C (-100 daPa to -350 daPa). Thirty-one patients with type A tympanograms, undergoing tonsillectomy enrolled in study A. Patients had tympanometry the next day and filled in a questionnaire incorporating visual analogue pain scores. In study B, 30 patients underwent a similar protocol and were followed up at 1 week tympanometry and a questionnaire. A control group of 26 patients undergoing appendicectomy was recruited. Follow-up was available on 23 patients from study B. Combining A and B, on the first postoperative day 39% of patients developed type C tympanograms. No member of the control group developed any change in middle ear pressure. There was no significant relationship between pain scores for throat pain or otalgia and the development of negative middle ear pressure. By day 7 all patients had type A tympanograms. Otalgia was a delayed symptom significantly associated with increased throat pain. Transient negative middle ear pressure commonly occurs following tonsillectomy.
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Abstract
To determine the relationship between tonsillitis, tonsillectomy and abnormalities in body weight, we have analyzed pre- and post-operative weights in a population of 55 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy in our department. Pre-operative mean weight was 9.8% heavier than the standard mean normal weight for age and post-operative mean weight was 22% greater than standard mean weight for age. The mean weight gain during the follow-up period was 12% greater than that which would be normally expected (p < 0.001). This study suggests that children undergoing tonsillectomy are slightly heavier than their peers and that following the procedure this discrepancy increases.
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Hague K, Catalano P, Rothschild M, Strauchen J, Fyfe B. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease presenting as sudden respiratory arrest in a three-year-old child. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1997; 106:244-7. [PMID: 9078939 DOI: 10.1177/000348949710600312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is an occasional complication of pediatric organ transplantation that, heretofore, has not been associated with airway obstruction. We report the first documented case of PTLD associated with complete airway obstruction resulting in sudden respiratory arrest and death in a 3-year-old child. This is contrasted to a subsequent case of PTLD wherein heightened clinical suspicion and prompt tonsillectomy resulted in a definitive diagnosis and improved outcome. The early clinical hallmarks of PTLD are a mononucleosis-like syndrome, tonsillar enlargement, and positive Epstein-Barr virus seroconversion. The potential for a fatal outcome of PTLD involving Waldeyer's ring components warrants early recognition and aggressive treatment.
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