101
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Gao H, Wei X, Li M, Wang L, Wei T, Dai Z. Co-Quenching Effect between Lanthanum Metal-Organic Frameworks Luminophore and Crystal Violet for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Gene Detection. Small 2021; 17:e2103424. [PMID: 34605175 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exploring new electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophores to construct high-efficiency sensing systems is always a hot direction for developing ECL sensors. Compared with other luminophores, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit high mass transfer ability for accelerating the reactivity in its pore channels, which is conducive to improving the performance of ECL sensors. In this work, La3+ -BTC MOFs (LaMOFs) are prepared as the highly active reactor and novel ECL luminophore. On this basis, a novel co-quenching effect mechanism is proposed based on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) triggered cooperation between LaMOFs and crystal violet (CV) molecules. Under the confined pore channels of LaMOFs, CV can play an important role as the photon-acceptor due to the matched absorption spectrum with the ECL spectrum of LaMOFs, and the electron-acceptor on account of its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level. Based on the proposed co-quenching effect mechanism, a constructed ECL gene sensor shows good assay performance toward p53 gene in the detection range of 1 pm to 100 nm with a detection limit of 0.33 pm. The co-quenching effect integrating LaMOFs with CV is expected to be a versatile approach in the construction of ECL gene sensor, which has good prospect in expanding the application range of ECL technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Meize Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Tianxiang Wei
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Dai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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102
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Zhu L, Yu L, Meng T, Peng Y, Yang X. Contrary Logic Pair Library, Parity Generator/Checker and Various Concatenated Logic Circuits Engineered by a Label-Free and Immobilization-Free Electrochemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer System. Small 2021; 17:e2102881. [PMID: 34792279 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a label-free and immobilization-free electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) system based on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (GCNNs)/Ru(phen)32+ donor/acceptor pair is developed, in which the ECL-RET is regulated by regulating the diffusivity of Ru(phen)32+ molecules toward the negatively charged GCNNs through logically programmed DNA hybridization reactions. The two optical signals of GCNNs (445 nm) and Ru(phen)32+ (593 nm) show completely opposite changes through the same one-time DNA hybridization reaction. Based on this ECL-RET system, a contrary logic pair (CLP) library, a parity generator/checker system for differentiating the erroneous bits during data transmission, the parity checker to identify the even/odd natural numbers from 0 to 9, and a series of concatenated logic circuits including a six-input logic gate capable of implementing of 64 input combinations for meeting the needs of computational complexity are developed. The ECL-RET-based molecular logic system avoids the time-consuming, costly and inefficient labeling procedures and the laborious processes of immobilization, presenting great potential for building more complicated and advanced logic gates, and providing a refreshing inspiration for the construction of combinatorial logic circuits based on ECL method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Linying Yu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Tian Meng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yao Peng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiurong Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
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103
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Liu C, Qie Y, Zhao L, Li M, Guo LH. A High-Throughput Platform for the Rapid Quantification of Phosphorylated Histone H2AX in Cell Lysates Based on Microplate Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Array. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3724-3732. [PMID: 34591450 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) in cells as a biomarker of DNA double-strand breaks has great significance in the field of molecular toxicology and life science research. However, current γH2AX detection methods require labor- and time-consuming steps. Here, for the first time, we designed a simple electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay integrated with a microplate-based sensor array to realize sensitive and high-throughput detection of γH2AX in cell lysates. Under the optimized conditions, this ECL immunosensor array could linearly respond to γH2AX concentrations in the range from 2 × 102 to 1 × 105 pg/mL. In addition, our approach possessed excellent specificity and satisfactory reproducibility, and its practicality was verified in real cell lysates. The whole process including instrumental and manual operation was completed in no more than 3 h. This study provides a convenient and rapid alternative method for the sensitive quantification of γH2AX, which shows promising application in high-throughput screening of genotoxic chemicals and drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People’s Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People’s Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People’s Republic of China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310007, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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104
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Li YJ, Cui WR, Jiang QQ, Liang RP, Li XJ, Wu Q, Luo QX, Liu J, Qiu JD. Arousing Electrochemiluminescence Out of Non-Electroluminescent Monomers within Covalent Organic Frameworks. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:47921-47931. [PMID: 34601862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with stable long-range ordered arrangements are promising materials for organic optoelectronics. However, their electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from non-ECL active monomers has not been realized. Here, we report a design strategy for ECL-emitting COF family. The donors and acceptors co-crystallized and stacked into the highly aligned array of olefin-linked COFs, so that electrons can be transported freely. By this means, a tunable ECL is activated from non-ECL molecules with the maximum efficiency of 32.1% in water with the dissolved oxygen as an inner coreactant, and no additional noxious co-reactant is needed any more. Quantum chemistry calculations further demonstrate that this design reduces the COFs' band gaps and the overlap of electrons and holes in the excited state for better photoelectric properties and stronger ECL signals. This work exploits a basis to envisage the broad application potential of ECL-COFs for various biosensors and light-emitting display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wei-Rong Cui
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xue-Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Luo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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105
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Takahashi F, Tanaka R, Arai Y, Tatsumi H, Jin J. Electrochemiluminescence of Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)/Tri-n-propylamine with an Electric Contactless Power Transfer System. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1309-1313. [PMID: 33678726 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analytical device was developed using an electric contactless power transfer system. A mutually induced electromotive voltage was generated by wrapping an enameled wire around a commercial contactless charger. There was no electrical contact between the power supply and the electrochemical cell. For the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+)/tri-n-propylamine system, a weak ECL signal was observed. When an inexpensive rectifier diode was introduced between the coil and the working electrode, the ECL intensity detection sensitivity increased by more than 100 times. The relationship between the waveform of the applied voltage and the ECL response was clarified, and the optimum conditions were determined. The intensity of the induced electromotive voltage was easily controlled by changing the number of turns in the coil. The proposed method is a safe, simple, and inexpensive technique without electrical contact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryutaro Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University
| | - Yuta Arai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University
| | | | - Jiye Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University
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106
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Ma Y, Colin C, Descamps J, Arbault S, Sojic N. Shadow Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy of Single Mitochondria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18742-18749. [PMID: 34115447 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the subcellular bioenergetic organelles. The analysis of their morphology and topology is essential to provide useful information on their activity and metabolism. Herein, we report a label-free shadow electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy based on the spatial confinement of the ECL-emitting reactive layer to image single living mitochondria deposited on the electrode surface. The ECL mechanism of the freely-diffusing [Ru(bpy)3 ]2+ dye with the sacrificial tri-n-propylamine coreactant restrains the light-emitting region to a micrometric thickness allowing to visualize individual mitochondria with a remarkable sharp negative optical contrast. The imaging approach named "shadow ECL" (SECL) reflects the negative imprint of the local diffusional hindrance of the ECL reagents by each mitochondrion. The statistical analysis of the colocalization of the shadow ECL spots with the functional mitochondria revealed by classical fluorescent biomarkers, MitoTracker Deep Red and the endogenous intramitochondrial NADH, validates the reported methodology. The versatility and extreme sensitivity of the approach are further demonstrated by visualizing single mitochondria, which remain hardly detectable with the usual biomarkers. Finally, by alleviating problems of photobleaching and phototoxicity associated with conventional microscopy methods, SECL microscopy should find promising applications in the imaging of subcellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Ma
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Camille Colin
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Julie Descamps
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France.,Present address: Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR 5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
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107
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Arcudi F, Ðorđević L, Rebeccani S, Cacioppo M, Zanut A, Valenti G, Paolucci F, Prato M. Lighting up the Electrochemiluminescence of Carbon Dots through Pre- and Post-Synthetic Design. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2100125. [PMID: 34258161 PMCID: PMC8261489 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), defined by their size of less than 10 nm, are a class of photoluminescent (PL) and electrochemiluminescent (ECL) nanomaterials that include a variety of carbon-based nanoparticles. However, the control of their properties, especially ECL, remains elusive and afflicted by a series of problems. Here, the authors report CDs that display ECL in water via coreactant ECL, which is the dominant mechanism in biosensing applications. They take advantage of a multicomponent bottom-up approach for preparing and studying the luminescence properties of CDs doped with a dye acting as PL and ECL probe. The dependence of luminescence properties on the surface chemistry is further reported, by investigating the PL and ECL response of CDs with surfaces rich in primary, methylated, or propylated amino groups. While precursors that contribute to the core characterize the PL emission, the surface states influence the efficiency of the excitation-dependent PL emission. The ECL emission is influenced by surface states from the organic shell, but states of the core strongly interact with the surface, influencing the ECL efficiency. These findings offer a framework of pre- and post-synthetic design strategies to improve ECL emission properties, opening new opportunities for exploring biosensing applications of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arcudi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
- Present address:
Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Luka Ðorđević
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
- Present address:
Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Sara Rebeccani
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”University of BolognaVia Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Michele Cacioppo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
- Carbon Bionanotechnology GroupCenter for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 182Donostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
| | - Alessandra Zanut
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”University of BolognaVia Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
- Present address:
Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityBrooklynNY11201USA
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”University of BolognaVia Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”University of BolognaVia Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
- Carbon Bionanotechnology GroupCenter for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 182Donostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbao48013Spain
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108
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Lee JI, Choi H, Kong SH, Park S, Park D, Kim JS, Kwon SH, Kim J, Choi SH, Lee SG, Kim DH, Kang MS. Visco-Poroelastic Electrochemiluminescence Skin with Piezo-Ionic Effect. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2100321. [PMID: 34060148 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Following early research efforts devoted to achieving excellent sensitivity of electronic skins, recent design schemes for these devices have focused on strategies for transduction of spatially resolved sensing data into straightforward user-adaptive visual signals. Here, a material platform capable of transducing mechanical stimuli into visual readout is presented. The material layer comprises a mixture of an ionic transition metal complex luminophore and an ionic liquid (capable of producing electrochemiluminescence (ECL)) within a thermoplastic polyurethane matrix. The proposed material platform shows visco-poroelastic response to mechanical stress, which induces a change in the distribution of the ionic luminophore in the film, which is referred to as the piezo-ionic effect. This piezo-ionic effect is exploited to develop a simple device containing the composite layer sandwiched between two electrodes, which is termed "ECL skin". Emission from the ECL skin is examined, which increases with the applied normal/tensile stress. Additionally, locally applied stress to the ECL skin is spatially resolved and visualized without the use of spatially distributed arrays of pressure sensors. The simple fabrication and unique operation of the demonstrated ECL skin are expected to provide new insights into the design of materials for human-machine interactive electronic skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ik Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hwan Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsik Park
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kwon
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwook Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Geol Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
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109
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Rusling JF, Forster RJ. Biosensors Designed for Clinical Applications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:702. [PMID: 34206405 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging and validated biomarkers promise to revolutionize clinical practice, shifting the emphasis away from the management of chronic disease towards prevention, early diagnosis and early intervention. The challenge of detecting these low abundance protein and nucleic acid biomarkers within the clinical context demands the development of highly sensitive, even single molecule, assays that are also capable of selectively measuring a small number of defined analytes in complex samples such as whole blood, interstitial fluid, saliva or urine. Success relies on significant innovations in nanomaterials, bioreceptor engineering, transduction strategies and microfluidics. Primarily using examples from our work, this article discusses some recent advance in the selective and sensitive detection of disease biomarkers, highlights key innovations in sensor materials and identifies issues and challenges that need to be carefully considered especially for researchers entering the field.
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110
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Filik H, Avan AA. Electrochemical and Electrochemiluminescence Dendrimer-based Nanostructured Immunosensors for Tumor Marker Detection: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3490-3513. [PMID: 33076797 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201019143647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The usage of dendrimers or cascade molecules in the biomedical area has recently attracted much attention worldwide. Furthermore, dendrimers are interesting in clinical and pre-clinical applications due to their unique characteristics. Cancer is one of the most widespread challenges and important diseases, which has the highest mortality rate. In this review, the recent advances and developments (from 2009 up to 2019) in the field of electrochemical and electroluminescence immunosensors for detection of the cancer markers are presented. Moreover, this review covers the basic fabrication principles and types of electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence dendrimer-based immunosensors. In this review, we have categorized the current dendrimer based-electrochemical/ electroluminescence immunosensors into five groups: dendrimer/ magnetic particles, dendrimer/ferrocene, dendrimer/metal nanoparticles, thiol-containing dendrimer, and dendrimer/quantum dots based-immunosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Filik
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Aslıhan Avan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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111
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Rizzo F, Polo F, Sojic N, Xu G. Editorial: Electrochemiluminescence: From Fundamentals to Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:706465. [PMID: 34136469 PMCID: PMC8201993 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.706465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rizzo
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta" (SCITEC), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy.,Center for Soft Nanoscience (SON), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, CNRS, UMR 5255, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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112
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Douman SF, De Eguilaz MR, Cumba LR, Beirne S, Wallace GG, Yue Z, Iwuoha EI, Forster RJ. Electrochemiluminescence at 3D Printed Titanium Electrodes. Front Chem 2021; 9:662810. [PMID: 34113601 PMCID: PMC8186460 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.662810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication and electrochemical properties of a 3D printed titanium electrode array are described. The array comprises 25 round cylinders (0.015 cm radius, 0.3 cm high) that are evenly separated on a 0.48 × 0.48 cm square porous base (total geometric area of 1.32 cm2). The electrochemically active surface area consists of fused titanium particles and exhibits a large roughness factor ≈17. In acidic, oxygenated solution, the available potential window is from ~-0.3 to +1.2 V. The voltammetric response of ferrocyanide is quasi-reversible arising from slow heterogeneous electron transfer due to the presence of a native/oxidatively formed oxide. Unlike other metal electrodes, both [Ru(bpy)3]1+ and [Ru(bpy)3]3+ can be created in aqueous solutions which enables electrochemiluminescence to be generated by an annihilation mechanism. Depositing a thin gold layer significantly increases the standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant, ko, by a factor of ~80 to a value of 8.0 ± 0.4 × 10−3 cm s−1 and the voltammetry of ferrocyanide becomes reversible. The titanium and gold coated arrays generate electrochemiluminescence using tri-propyl amine as a co-reactant. However, the intensity of the gold-coated array is between 30 (high scan rate) and 100-fold (slow scan rates) higher at the gold coated arrays. Moreover, while the voltammetry of the luminophore is dominated by semi-infinite linear diffusion, the ECL response is significantly influenced by radial diffusion to the individual microcylinders of the array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha F Douman
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Chemistry Department, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.,SensorLab (University of the Western Cape Sensor Laboratories), University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Miren Ruiz De Eguilaz
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Chemistry Department, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Loanda R Cumba
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Chemistry Department, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Beirne
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhilian Yue
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Emmanuel I Iwuoha
- SensorLab (University of the Western Cape Sensor Laboratories), University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert J Forster
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Chemistry Department, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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113
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Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Wang F, Zhang L, Ge S, Yu J. Ternary Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor Based on DNA Walkers and AuPd Nanomaterials as a Coreaction Accelerator for the Detection of miRNA-141. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:25783-25791. [PMID: 34034485 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a ternary electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing platform coupled with a multiple signal amplification strategy was proposed for ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-141. The initial signal amplification was achieved via three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (3D-rGO)@Au nanoparticles (NPs) to form an excellent conductive layer. Then, AuPd NPs as a coreaction accelerator was introduced into the N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-(ethylisoluminol) (ABEI)-H2O2 system to facilitate the transformation from H2O2 to excess superoxide anion radicals (O2•-), which further amplified the ECL emission of ABEI, leading to a significant increase of the ECL signal. Meanwhile, in the presence of miRNA-141 and T7 Exonuclease (T7 Exo), the self-assembled DNA swing arm can be driven to walk autonomously. The DNA walker reaction could result in the release of numerous labeled luminophores, which could react to achieve an extremely weak ECL signal. Surprisingly, the established ECL sensor platform for the detection of miRNA-141 demonstrated excellent sensitivity with a low detection limit of 31.9 aM in the concentration range from 100 aM to 1 nM. Consequently, the designed strategy greatly improves the luminous efficiency of the ternary ECL system and provides a special approach for the detection of nucleic acids and biomarkers in clinical and biochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Fengyi Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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Jiao Y, Hu R, Wang Q, Fu F, Chen L, Dong Y, Lin Z. Tune the Fluorescence and Electrochemiluminescence of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets by Controlling the Defect States. Chemistry 2021; 27:10925-10931. [PMID: 33998071 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The effects of defect states on the fluorescence (FL) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) properties of graphite phase carbon nitride (g-CN) are systematically investigated for the first time. The g-CN nanosheets (CNNSs) obtained at different condensation temperatures are used as the study models. It can be found that all the CNNSs have two kinds of defect states, one is originated from the edge of CNNSs (labeled as CN-defect) and the other is attributed to the partially carbonization regions (labeled as C-defect). Both two kinds of defect states substantially affect the luminescent properties of CNNSs. Both the FL and ECL signals of CNNSs contain a band gap emission and two defect emissions. For the FL of CNNSs, decreasing the density of defect states can increase efficiently the FL quantum yield, while increasing the density of defect states can make the FL spectra red shift. For the ECL of CNNSs, increasing the density of CN-defect states and decreasing the density of C-defect states are greatly important to improve the ECL activity. This work provides a deep insight into the FL and ECL mechanisms of g-CN, and is of significance in tuning the FL and ECL properties of g-CN. Also, it will greatly promote the applications of CNNSs based on the FL and ECL properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Jiao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Rongjing Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qian Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Fengfu Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Lichan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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115
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Ismail A, Voci S, Descamps L, Buhot A, Sojic N, Leroy L, Bouchet-Spinelli A. Bipolar Electrochemiluminescence Imaging: A Way to Investigate the Passivation of Silicon Surfaces. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1094-1100. [PMID: 33826213 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This work depicts the original combination of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and bipolar electrochemistry (BPE) to map in real-time the oxidation of silicon in microchannels. We fabricated model silicon-PDMS microfluidic chips, optionally containing a restriction, and monitored the evolution of the surface reactivity using ECL. BPE was used to remotely promote ECL at the silicon surface inside microfluidic channels. The effects of the fluidic design, the applied potential and the resistance of the channel (controlled by the fluidic configuration) on the silicon polarization and oxide formation were investigated. A potential difference down to 6 V was sufficient to induce ECL, which is two orders of magnitude less than in classical BPE configurations. Increasing the resistance of the channel led to an increase in the current passing through the silicon and boosted the intensity of ECL signals. Finally, the possibility of achieving electrochemical reactions at predetermined locations on the microfluidic chip was investigated using a patterning of the silicon oxide surface by etched micrometric squares. This ECL imaging approach opens exciting perspectives for the precise understanding and implementation of electrochemical functionalization on passivating materials. In addition, it may help the development and the design of fully integrated microfluidic biochips paving the way for development of original bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulghani Ismail
- IRIG-SYMMES, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Silvia Voci
- ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Lucie Descamps
- IRIG-SYMMES, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Buhot
- IRIG-SYMMES, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Loïc Leroy
- IRIG-SYMMES, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Aurélie Bouchet-Spinelli
- IRIG-SYMMES, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble, France
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116
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Yanyan Z, Lin J, Xie L, Tang H, Wang K, Liu J. One-Step Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots With Anodic Electrochemiluminescence for Sensitive Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose. Front Chem 2021; 9:688358. [PMID: 34150720 PMCID: PMC8207508 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.688358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple and efficient synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) remains a great challenge. Herein, we present an anodic ECL-sensing platform based on nitrogen-doped GQDs (N-GQDs), which enables sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose. N-GQDs are easily prepared using one-step molecular fusion between carbon precursor and a dopant in an alkaline hydrothermal process. The synthesis is simple, green, and has high production yield. The as-prepared N-GQDs exhibit a single graphene-layered structure, uniform size, and good crystalline. In the presence of H2O2, N-GQDs possess high anodic ECL activity owing to the functional hydrazide groups. With N-GQDs being ECL probes, sensitive detection of H2O2 in the range of 0.3–100.0 μM with a limit of detection or LOD of 63 nM is achieved. As the oxidation of glucose catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx) produces H2O2, sensitive detection of glucose is also realized in the range of 0.7–90.0 μM (LOD of 96 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yanyan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Liuhong Xie
- The First Clinical Faculty of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Hongliang Tang
- Affiliated Fangchenggang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Fangchenggang, China
| | - Kailong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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117
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Yao B, Zhang J, Fan Z, Ding Y, Zhou B, Yang R, Zhao J, Zhang K. Rational Engineering of the DNA Walker Amplification Strategy by Using a Au@Ti 3C 2@PEI-Ru(dcbpy) 32+ Nanocomposite Biosensor for Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp Gene. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:19816-19824. [PMID: 33890471 PMCID: PMC8084271 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial for preventing and controlling infectious diseases and disease treatment. In this work, a Au@Ti3C2@PEI-Ru(dcbpy)32+ nanocomposite-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was rationally designed, which realized sensitive detection of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, a DNA walker was also used to excise the hairpin DNAs under the action of Nb.BbvCI endonuclease. Furthermore, model DNA-Ag nanoclusters (model DNA-AgNCs) were used to quench the initial ECL signal. As a result, the ECL biosensor was used to sensitively detect the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp gene with a detection range of 1 fM to 100 pM and a limit of detection of 0.21 fM. It was indicated that the ECL biosensor had a great application potential for clinical medical detection. Furthermore, the DNA walker amplification also played a reliable candidate strategy for other detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics
(KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National
Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM),
Nanjing Tech University
(NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816,
P.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear
Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R.
China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics
(KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National
Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM),
Nanjing Tech University
(NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816,
P.R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear
Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R.
China
| | - Yuedi Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear
Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R.
China
| | - Bin Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear
Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R.
China
| | - Runlin Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear
Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R.
China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics
(KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National
Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM),
Nanjing Tech University
(NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816,
P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear
Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R.
China
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118
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Huang P, Zhang B, Hu Q, Zhao B, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Kong Y, Zeng Z, Bao Y, Wang W, Cheng Y, Niu L. Polymer Electrochemiluminescence Featuring Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:726-732. [PMID: 33624418 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) based on conjugated polymers or oligomers is persistently being pursued owing to its huge application scope ranging from ultra-sensitive bioanalysis to ultra-resolution imaging and spectroscopy. Because of the theoretical limit in radiative exciton generation yield (typically ∼25 %) of those polymers or oligomers, the corresponding ECL efficiency is still limited, which hampers its ECL performance and its related applications. Herein, we report ECL based on a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) polymer scaffold, which is characteristic of all-exciton harvesting in the ECL process, and thus potentially capable of achieving ∼100 % ECL efficiency. These desired properties of the TADF polymer ECL is attributed to a fast and efficient up-conversion process from non-radiative triplet to radiative singlet states under thermal activation, which is absent in conventional fluorescent polymers/oligomers, such as F8BT. In this study, various ECL modes, including annihilation or co-reactant mode using TPrA or S2 O8 2- as co-reactant, are confirmed for our model TADF polymer ECL system, which was different from fluorescent polymer ECL counterpart. Furthermore, solid-state ECL sensing on L-cysteine (an important marker of disease) is also evaluated by using the model TADF polymer. Ultralow detection limit in combination with high sensitivity and good specificity are achieved for this model system, indicative of a high potential of the TADF polymer scaffold for applications in the broad field of ECL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bolin Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yi Kong
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zihui Zeng
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Bao
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Li Niu
- Centre for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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119
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Röltgen K, Nielsen SCA, Arunachalam PS, Yang F, Hoh RA, Wirz OF, Lee AS, Gao F, Mallajosyula V, Li C, Haraguchi E, Shoura MJ, Wilbur JL, Wohlstadter JN, Davis MM, Pinsky BA, Sigal GB, Pulendran B, Nadeau KC, Boyd SD. mRNA vaccination compared to infection elicits an IgG-predominant response with greater SARS-CoV-2 specificity and similar decrease in variant spike recognition. medRxiv 2021:2021.04.05.21254952. [PMID: 33851181 PMCID: PMC8043478 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.05.21254952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, new vaccine strategies including lipid nanoparticle delivery of antigen encoding RNA have been deployed globally. The BioNTech/Pfizer mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein shows 95% efficacy in preventing disease, but it is unclear how the antibody responses to vaccination differ from those generated by infection. Here we compare the magnitude and breadth of antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, and endemic coronaviruses, in vaccinees and infected patients. We find that vaccination differs from infection in the dominance of IgG over IgM and IgA responses, with IgG reaching levels similar to those of severely ill COVID-19 patients and shows decreased breadth of the antibody response targeting endemic coronaviruses. Viral variants of concern from B.1.1.7 to P.1 to B.1.351 form a remarkably consistent hierarchy of progressively decreasing antibody recognition by both vaccinees and infected patients exposed to Wuhan-Hu-1 antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Röltgen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandra C. A. Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Prabhu S. Arunachalam
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ramona A. Hoh
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oliver F. Wirz
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra S. Lee
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vamsee Mallajosyula
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emily Haraguchi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Massa J. Shoura
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Mark M. Davis
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Bali Pulendran
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Scott D. Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research, Stanford, CA, USA
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120
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Bender DE, Schaettler MO, Sheehan KC, Johanns TM, Dunn GP. Cytokine Profiling in Plasma from Patients with Brain Tumors Versus Healthy Individuals using 2 Different Multiplex Immunoassay Platforms. Biomark Insights 2021; 16:11772719211006666. [PMID: 33854293 PMCID: PMC8013708 DOI: 10.1177/11772719211006666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the performance of two 96-well multiplex immunoassay platforms in assessing plasma cytokine concentrations in patients with glioblastoma (GBM; n = 27), individuals with melanoma, breast or lung cancer metastases to the brain (n = 17), and healthy volunteers (n = 11). Assays included a bead-based fluorescence MILLIPLEX® assay/Luminex (LMX) platform and 4 planar electrochemiluminescence kits from Meso Scale Discovery (MSD). The LMX kit evaluated 21 cytokines and the 3 MSD kits evaluated 20 cytokines in total, with 19 overlapping human cytokines between platforms (GM-CSF, IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-3α, TNFα). The MSD platform had lower LLoQs (lower limits of quantification) than LMX for 17/19 cytokines, and higher LLoQs for IFN-γ and IL-21. The ULoQs were higher in LMX versus MSD assays for 17/19 shared analytes, but lower than MSD for IL-17A and IL-21. With LMX, all 19 shared analytes were quantifiable in each of 55 samples. Although MSD recombinant protein standard curves indicated lower LLoQs than LMX for most cytokines, MSD detected 7/19 (37%) native analytes in <75% of samples, including 0% detection for IL-21 and 8% for IL-23. The LMX platform categorized identical samples at greater concentrations than the MSD system for most analytes (MIP-1β the sole exception), sometimes by orders of magnitude. This mismatched quantification paradigm was supported by Bland-Altman analysis. LMX identified significantly elevated levels of 10 of 19 circulating cytokines in GBM: GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-23, MIP-1α, and MIP-3α, consistent with prior findings and confirming the utility of applying appropriate multiplex immunoassay technologies toward developing a cytokine signature profile for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Elizabeth Bender
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maximilian O Schaettler
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathleen Cf Sheehan
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tanner M Johanns
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gavin P Dunn
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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121
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Abstract
Halide perovskites are a rapidly developing class of solution-processable semiconductors which, to date, have a huge impact across several scientific communities. The remarkable photophysical attributes of halide perovskites illustrate their considerable potential in the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) realm. Over the past 4 years, great progress has been achieved in using halide perovskites as ECL emitters. In this mini-review, the basic characteristics, synthetic approaches, and ECL mechanisms for halide perovskite emitters are first introduced. To the best of our knowledge, most of the reported ECL-active halide perovskites and their disclosed unique features are detailly summarized. Stabilization and interface manipulation strategies for desirable ECL performance are further highlighted. The preliminary halide perovskites-related ECL applications are finally discussed, and prospects are also anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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122
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Han D, Goudeau B, Manojlovic D, Jiang D, Fang D, Sojic N. Electrochemiluminescence Loss in Photobleaching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7686-7690. [PMID: 33410245 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of photobleaching on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was investigated for the first time. The plasma membrane of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells was labeled with a [Ru(bpy)3 ]2+ derivative. Selected regions of the fixed cells were photobleached using the confocal mode with sequential stepwise illumination or cumulatively and they were imaged by both ECL and photoluminescence (PL). ECL was generated with a model sacrificial coreactant, tri-n-propylamine. ECL microscopy of the photobleached regions shows lower ECL emission. We demonstrate a linear correlation between the ECL decrease and the PL loss due to the photobleaching of the labels immobilized on the CHO membranes. The presented strategy provides valuable information on the fundamentals of the ECL excited state and opens new opportunities for exploring cellular membranes by combining ECL microscopy with photobleaching techniques such as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) or fluorescence loss in photobleaching (FLIP) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Han
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France.,School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211126, China
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Dragan Manojlovic
- Department of Chemistry, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Danjun Fang
- School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211126, China
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France.,Department of Chemistry, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation
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123
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Zhang G, Li M, Yu K, Chai H, Xu S, Xu T, Qu L, Zhang X. Two-Dimensional Metalloporphyrinic Framework Nanosheet-Based Dual-Mechanism-Driven Ratiometric Electrochemiluminescent Biosensing of Protein Kinase Activity. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:1616-1623. [PMID: 35014510 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A dual-mechanism-driven ratiometric electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensor was developed for the ultrasensitive detection of protein kinase activity, which was based on a competitive catalytic reaction and resonance energy transfer (RET) by assembling gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on two-dimensional (2D) porphyrinic metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets. In this work, an ECL catalytic reaction competing for dissolved O2 proceeded between 2D copper-based zinc porphyrinic MOF (Cu-TCPP(Zn)) nanosheets and luminol. Meanwhile, the cathodic ECL of singlet oxygen (1O2), derived from the electrocatalytic reaction of 2D Cu-TCPP(Zn), would be reduced by the assembled GNPs due to RET, while the anodic emission of luminol could be enhanced by GNPs with excellent electrocatalytic activity. With the detection of protein kinase A (PKA) as an example, this dual-mechanism-driven ECL biosensor exhibited a broad linear range (0.005-5.0 U mL-1) and a sensitive detection limit (0.0037 U mL-1). Compared with the traditional single-mechanism-driven sensing strategies, the developed dual-mechanism-driven ratiometric ECL biosensor may provide an effective method for the design of green and ultrasensitive ECL sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Zhang
- Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kun Yu
- Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huining Chai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Shenghao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Tailin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lijun Qu
- Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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124
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Ding J, Zhou P, Guo W, Su B. Confined Electrochemiluminescence Generation at Ultra-High-Density Gold Microwell Electrodes. Front Chem 2021; 8:630246. [PMID: 33575249 PMCID: PMC7870482 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.630246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging analysis based on the ultra-high-density microwell electrode array (UMEA) has been successfully used in biosensing and diagnostics, while the studies of ECL generation mechanisms with spatial resolution remain scarce. Herein we fabricate a gold-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) UMEA using electroless deposition method for the visualization of ECL reaction process at the single microwell level in conjunction with using microscopic ECL imaging technique, demonstrating that the microwell gold walls are indeed capable of enhancing the ECL generation. For the classical ECL system involving tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium (Ru(bpy)32+) and tri-n-propylamine (TPrA), the ECL image of a single microwell appears as a surface-confined ring, indicating the ECL intensity generated inside the well is much stronger than that on the top surface of UMEA. Moreover, at a low concentration of Ru(bpy)32+, the ECL image remains to be ring-shaped with the increase of exposure time, because of the limited lifetime of TPrA radical cations TPrA+•. In combination with the theoretical simulation, the ring-shaped ECL image is resolved to originate from the superposition effect of the mass diffusion fields at both microwell wall and bottom surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialian Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
High-performance nanomaterials have been seen as a new generation of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probes or emitters for their finely tunable structure and concomitant remarkable properties, guaranteeing the prospective applications in the analysis and diagnosis devices with superior performances. The structure-activity relationships of ECL nanoprobes in nanoscale are presenting milestone in understanding of the ECL microscopic behaviors and mechanisms, and guide the exploitation of novel ECL probes. In this mini-review, we summarized the recent development of novel ECL probes based on the nanomaterials. The mechanism and relationships between their structure as well as the active sites and functionality were revealed. In addition, the design and regulation of the ECL nanoprobes were emphasized for the biosensing and imaging application. Finally, the potential prospect of the ECL nanoprobes, design, and their applications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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126
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Kerr E, Alexander R, Francis PS, Guijt RM, Barbante GJ, Doeven EH. A Comparison of Commercially Available Screen-Printed Electrodes for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Applications. Front Chem 2021; 8:628483. [PMID: 33585404 PMCID: PMC7875866 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.628483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined a series of commercially available screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) for their suitability for electrochemical and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) detection systems. Using cyclic voltammetry with both a homogeneous solution-based and a heterogeneous bead-based ECL assay format, the most intense ECL signals were observed from unmodified carbon-based SPEs. Three commercially available varieties were tested, with Zensor outperforming DropSens and Kanichi in terms of sensitivity. The incorporation of nanomaterials in the electrode did not significantly enhance the ECL intensity under the conditions used in this evaluation (such as gold nanoparticles 19%, carbon nanotubes 45%, carbon nanofibers 21%, graphene 48%, and ordered mesoporous carbon 21% compared to the ECL intensity of unmodified Zensor carbon electrode). Platinum and gold SPEs exhibited poor relative ECL intensities (16% and 10%) when compared to carbonaceous materials, due to their high rates of surface oxide formation and inefficient oxidation of tri-n-propylamine (TPrA). However, the ECL signal at platinum electrodes can be increased ∼3-fold with the addition of a surfactant, which enhanced TPrA oxidation due to increasing the hydrophobicity of the electrode surface. Our results also demonstrate that each SPE should only be used once, as we observed a significant change in ECL intensity over repeated CV scans and SPEs cannot be mechanically polished to refresh the electrode surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Alexander
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul S Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Guijt
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregory J Barbante
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
| | - Egan H Doeven
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Wang C, Han Q, Liu P, Zhang G, Song L, Zou X, Fu Y. A Superstable Luminescent Lanthanide Metal Organic Gel Utilized in an Electrochemiluminescence Sensor for Epinephrine Detection with a Narrow Potential Sweep Range. ACS Sens 2021; 6:252-258. [PMID: 33395257 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metal organic gels (MOGs) as a new type of porous soft-hybrid supramolecular material have attracted widespread interest in various aspects due to their unique optical properties. In this work, we report a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission (679 nm) lanthanide MOG, which has been synthesized by a simple and rapid method at room temperature. This MOG (Tb-Ru-MOG) consists of a central metal ion, terbium (III), and two different ligands, tris(4,4'-dicarboxylicacid-2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) dichloride (Ru(dcbpy)32+) and 4'-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (Hcptpy). Compared with the classic system of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) dichloride (Ru(bpy)32+)/S2O82-, Tb-Ru-MOG/S2O82- owns a narrower potential sweep range (0.00 to -0.85 V) and a more stable and stronger ECL signal. Interestingly, the ECL intensity only decreased 2.0 and 0.1% after continuous scanning for 8000 s and storing at room temperature for 3 months. The possible ECL mechanism has been discussed in detail, which is mainly attributed to the internal synergies (antenna effect and energy transfer) and external co-reactant. Inspired by the unique luminescence characteristics of Tb-Ru-MOG, the application in electroanalytical chemistry was identified by the ECL on-off response for epinephrine with a linear range from 1.0 × 10-10 to 1.0 × 10-3 mol·L-1 and a detection limit of 5.2 × 10-11 mol·L-1. The results suggest that the as-proposed Tb-Ru-MOG will provide a robust pathway for new ECL luminophores in analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Qian Han
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Laboratory of Environment Change and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province, College of Resources and Environment Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Pingkun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Gui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaochuan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingzi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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128
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Ma C, Wu S, Zhou Y, Wei HF, Zhang J, Chen Z, Zhu JJ, Lin Y, Zhu W. Bio-Coreactant-Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy of Intracellular Structure and Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4907-4914. [PMID: 33188721 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A bio-coreactant-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy realizes the ECL imaging of intracellular structure and dynamic transport. This microscopy uses Ru(bpy)3 2+ as the electrochemical molecular antenna connecting extracellular and intracellular environments, and uses intracellular biomolecules as the coreactants of ECL reactions via a "catalytic route". Accordingly, intracellular structures are identified without using multiple labels, and autophagy involving DNA oxidative damage is detected using nuclear ECL signals. A time-resolved image sequence discloses the universal edge effect of cellular electroporation due to the influence of the geometric properties of cell membranes on the induced transmembrane voltage. The dynamic transport of Ru(bpy)3 3+ in the different cellular compartments unveils the heterogeneous intracellular diffusivity correlating with the actin cytoskeleton. In addition to single-cell studies, the bio-coreactant-enhanced ECL microscopy is used to image a slice of a mouse liver and a colony of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Hui-Fang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jianrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuehe Lin
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Wenlei Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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Das S, Ngashangva L, Goswami P. Carbon Dots: An Emerging Smart Material for Analytical Applications. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:84. [PMID: 33467583 PMCID: PMC7829846 DOI: 10.3390/mi12010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are optically active carbon-based nanomaterials. These nanomaterials can change their light emission properties in response to various external stimuli such as pH, temperature, pressure, and light. The CD's remarkable stimuli-responsive smart material properties have recently stimulated massive research interest for their exploitation to develop various sensor platforms. Herein, an effort has been made to review the major advances made on CDs, focusing mainly on its smart material attributes and linked applications. Since the CD's material properties are largely linked to their synthesis approaches, various synthesis methods, including surface passivation and functionalization of CDs and the mechanisms reported so far in their photophysical properties, are also delineated in this review. Finally, the challenges of using CDs and the scope for their further improvement as an optical signal transducer to expand their application horizon for developing analytical platforms have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pranab Goswami
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (S.D.); (L.N.)
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He Y, Liu Y, Cheng L, Yang Y, Qiu B, Guo L, Wang Y, Lin Z, Hong G. Highly Reproducible and Sensitive Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors for HPV Detection Based on Bovine Serum Albumin Carrier Platforms and Hyperbranched Rolling Circle Amplification. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:298-305. [PMID: 33382593 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most DNA-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors are established through the self-assembly of thiolated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes on the Au electrode surface. Because of this random assembly process, a significant discrepancy exists in the distribution of a modified DNA film on different electrodes, which greatly affects the reproducibility of a biosensor. In this study, a porous bovine serum albumin (BSA) layer was first modified on the electrode surface, which can improve the position distribution and spatial orientation of the self-assembly ssDNA probe. It was then coupled with hyperbranched rolling circle amplification to develop the high-reproducibility-and-sensitivity ECL biosensor for human papillomavirus 16 E6 and E7 oncogene detection. In the presence of the target DNA, the surface of the electrode accumulates abundant amplified products through reaction, which contain double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragments of different lengths, followed by plentiful dichlorotris (1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) hydrate (Ru(phen)32+, acting as an ECL indicator) insertion into grooves of dsDNA fragments, and a strong signal can be detected. There is a linear relationship between the signal and the target concentration range from 10 fM to 15 pM, and the detection limit is 7.6 fM (S/N = 3). After the BSA modification step, the relative standard deviation was reduced from 9.20 to 3.96%, thereby achieving good reproducibility. The proposed ECL strategy provides a new method for constructing high-reproducibility-and-sensitivity ECL biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic Testing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjun Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic Testing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic Testing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Longhua Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Genetic Testing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Wang Z, Mao H, Wang J, Gong W, Chen C, Shi L, Sun J, Huo J. [Comparative study of the detection of serum folate with improved microbial assay and electrochemiluminescence method]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2021; 50:111-115. [PMID: 33517971 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the result of serum folate determined by improved microbial assay and electrochemiluminescence method, and to look for the relationship between them, so as to provide basis for the assessment of nutrition status of folate in population. METHODS A total of 258 serum samples were examined by improved microbial assay and electrochemiluminescence method. The correlation and consistence of the two method were analyzed. RESULTS The result showed that the correlation coefficient of the two method was 0. 885, which indicated that the result of two method were highly correlated. Results of Bland-Altman method showed that 94. 5% of the values were within the consistency limit, and the Kappa value of Kappa test was 0. 665. The result of consistency analysis showed that there were some differences between the two methods, and the result of serum folate tested by improved microbial assay were higher than that of electrochemiluminescence method in general. CONCLUSION The result of serum folate tested by electrochemiluminescence were highly correlated with the improved microbial assay, yet there are some differences in the consistency result between the two methods. Evaluating the nutrition status of folate by electrochemiluminescence may lead to a higher number of folate deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongmei Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiyi Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lili Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junsheng Huo
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the Ministry of Health, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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132
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Kim JH, Kim J. Post-Synthesis Modification of Photoluminescent and Electrochemiluminescent Au Nanoclusters with Dopamine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 11:E46. [PMID: 33375457 PMCID: PMC7824466 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a post-synthesis functionalization of the shell of Au nanoclusters (NCs) synthesized using glutathione as a thiolate ligand. The as-synthesized Au NCs are subjected to the post-synthesis functionalization via amidic coupling of dopamine on the cluster shell to tailor photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) features of the Au NCs. Because the NCs' PL at ca. 610 nm is primarily ascribed to the Au(I)-thiolate (SG) motifs on the cluster shell of the NCs, the post-synthesis functionalization of the cluster shell enhanced the PL intensity of the Au NCs via rigidification of the cluster shell. In contrast to the PL enhancement, the post-synthesis modification of the cluster shell does not enhance the near-infrared (NIR) ECL of the NCs because the NIR ECL at ca. 800 nm is ascribed to the Au(0)-SG motifs in the metallic core of the NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Joohoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Wang L, Liu P, Liu Z, Zhao K, Ye S, Liang G, Zhu JJ. Simple Tripedal DNA Walker Prepared by Target-Triggered Catalytic Hairpin Assembly for Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Detection of MicroRNA. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3584-3590. [PMID: 33170660 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to common DNA walkers, multipedal DNA walkers exhibit larger walking area and faster walking kinetics and provide increased amplification efficiency. Consequently, they have received a considerable amount of attention in biosensing. However, most of them are synthesized by immobilizing multiple DNA walking strands on the surface of Au nanoparticles, which is tedious and time-consuming. Simple preparation of multipedal DNA walkers remains a challenge. Herein, we adopted a simple enzyme-free target-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) circuit to synthesize a tripedal DNA walker. By walking on a DNA track-functionalized electrode, a sensitive electrochemiluminescence DNA nanomachine biosensor was constructed for sensing miRNA-21. The DNA walker was powered by toehold-mediated strand displacement; the whole process did not need the assistance of enzymes, thus avoiding tedious procedures and enzyme degradation under unfavorable environmental conditions. Specifically, a superior detection limit of 4 aM and a broad linear range of 10 aM to 1 pM were achieved. This CHA-tripedal DNA walker biosensor was then applied for the detection of miRNA-21 in human serum and showed high selectivity and excellent reproducibility, demonstrating its practical application in bioanalysis. In particular, the Y-shaped tripedal DNA walker comes from the DNA circuit, which makes the approach ideally suited for biosensing of small nucleic acid targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kairen Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuying Ye
- School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoxi Liang
- School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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134
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Yang L, Hendsbee AD, Xue Q, He S, De-Jager CR, Xie G, Welch GC, Ding Z. Atomic Precision Graphene Model Compound for Bright Electrochemiluminescence and Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:51736-51743. [PMID: 33155464 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An N-annulated perylene diimide dimer, tPDI2N-hex, a graphene model compound with atomic precision, was investigated for luminescence applications. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of tPDI2N-hex was studied with tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) as a reducing coreactant. ECL-voltage curves along with spooling ECL spectra provided details of light generation mechanisms. The relative ECL quantum efficiency of the Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2/TPrA system was calculated to be 64%, which is superior to that of many other organic molecules because of the desired excited state in the absence of surface states. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) fabricated with tPDI2N-hex displayed bright orange-red emission with a low color temperature, which is very desirable. It is plausible that the sterically constrained and thus orthogonal aromatic moieties in the tPDI2N-hex structure, with atomic precision graphene layer characteristics, lead to the excellent luminescence performances. The ECL and OLED studies of tPDI2N-hex showcase great application potentials of tPDI2N-hex in both solution-based ECL probes and solid-state light devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Arthur D Hendsbee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Qin Xue
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuijian He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Cindy R De-Jager
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Gregory C Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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135
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Newman B, Chen L, Henderson LC, Doeven EH, Francis PS, Hayne DJ. Water-Soluble Iridium(III) Complexes Containing Tetraethylene-Glycol-Derivatized Bipyridine Ligands for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection. Front Chem 2020; 8:583631. [PMID: 33195075 PMCID: PMC7593781 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.583631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four cationic heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes containing a 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) ligand with one or two tetraethylene glycol (TEG) groups attached in the 4 or 4,4′ positions were synthesized to create new water-soluble electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) luminophores bearing a convenient point of attachment for the development of ECL-labels. The novel TEG-derivatized bipyridines were incorporated into [Ir(C∧N)2(R-bpy-R′)]Cl complexes, where C∧N = 2-phenylpyridine anion (ppy) or 2-phenylbenzo[d]thiazole anion (bt), through reaction with commercially available ([Ir(C∧N)2(μ-Cl)]2 dimers. The novel [Ir(C∧N)2(Me-bpy-TEG)]Cl and [Ir(C∧N)2(TEG-bpy-TEG)]Cl complexes in aqueous solution largely retained the redox potentials and emission spectra of the parent [Ir(C∧N)2(Me-bpy-Me)]PF6 (where Me-bpy-Me = 4,4′methyl-2,2′-bipyridine) luminophores in acetonitrile, and exhibited ECL intensities similar to those of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and the analogous [Ir(C∧N)2(pt-TEG]Cl complexes (where pt-TEG = 1-(TEG)-4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazole). These complexes can be readily adapted for bioconjugation and considering the spectral distributions of [Ir(ppy)2(Me-bpy-TEG)]+ and [Ir(ppy)2(pt-TEG)]+, show a viable strategy to create ECL-labels with different emission colors from the same commercial [Ir(ppy)2(μ-Cl)]2 precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Newman
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Lifen Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke C Henderson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Egan H Doeven
- Center for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul S Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Hayne
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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136
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Wyant T, Yang L, Rosario M. Comparison of the ELISA and ECL Assay for Vedolizumab Anti-drug Antibodies: Assessing the Impact on Pharmacokinetics and Safety Outcomes of the Phase 3 GEMINI Trials. AAPS J 2020; 23:3. [PMID: 33200296 PMCID: PMC7669784 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vedolizumab immunogenicity has been assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a ~ 0.5 μg/mL drug interference, which may underestimate on-drug immunogenicity. We aimed to compare immunogenicity results between ELISA and the new drug-tolerant electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay (and the two versions of neutralizing assays, drug-sensitive versus drug-tolerant). The ECL assay drug tolerance is ~ 100 times higher than that of the ELISA (≥ 50 μg/mL vs. 0.5 μg/mL with a 500 ng/mL positive control), and assay sensitivity is < 5 ng/mL for both assays. Vedolizumab immunogenicity was assessed in 2000 GEMINI 1 and 2 patients originally tested by ELISA and retested by ECL assay. Anti-drug antibody (ADA) impact on infusion-related reactions and pharmacokinetics (PK) was examined using descriptive statistics and population PK analyses. By ECL assay, 6% (86/1427) of patients treated with vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy tested ADA-positive. Of these, 20 patients were persistently positive and 56 had neutralizing antibodies. By ELISA, 4% (56/1434) of these patients were ADA-positive, 9 were persistently positive, and 33 had neutralizing antibodies. Among 61 patients with infusion-related reactions, 6 (10%) were ADA-positive (2 persistently positive) by ECL assay. By ELISA, 3 (5%) patients were both ADA-positive and persistently positive. Most results (96%) were similar with both assays. In the updated population PK model, ADA-positive status was estimated to increase vedolizumab linear clearance by a factor of 1.10 (95% credible interval 1.03-1.17), which is consistent with previous reports. The impact of ADA on safety and PK modeling remained generally consistent using either ELISA or ECL assay. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00783718 and NCT00783692.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Wyant
- Biolojic Inc., 100 Cambridge St., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. .,Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Lili Yang
- Development Center Americas Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Rosario
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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137
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Liu Q, Bai W, Guo Z, Zheng X. Enhanced electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ -doped silica nanoparticles by chitosan/Nafion shell@carbon nanotube core-modified electrode. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 36:642-650. [PMID: 33171543 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although Ru(bpy)3 2+ -doped silica nanoparticles have been widely explored as the labelling tags for electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing different targets, the poor electrical conductive properties of the silica nano-matrix greatly limit their ECL sensitivity. Therefore, a novel scheme to overcome this drawback on Ru(bpy)3 2+ -doped silica nanoparticles ECL is desirable. Here, a new scheme for this purpose was developed based on electrochemically depositing a nanoscale chitosan hydrogel layer on the carbon nanotube (CNT) surface to form chitosan hydrogel shell@CNT core nanocomposites. In this case, the nanoscale chitosan hydrogel layer only formed on the CNT surface due to the superior electrocatalytic effect of CNT on H+ reduction compared with the basic glass carbon electrode. Due to both the superhydrophilic properties and polyelectrolyte features of nanoscale chitosan hydrogel on the CNT surface, chemical affinity as well as the electric conductivity between Ru(bpy)3 2+ -doped silica nanoparticles and CNT were obviously enhanced, and then the ECL effectivity of Ru(bpy)3 2+ inside silica nanoparticles was improved. Furthermore, based on the discriminative interaction of these Ru(bpy)3 2+ -doped silica nanoparticles towards both the ssDNA probes and the ssDNA probe/miRNA complex, as well as the specific adsorption effect of these nanoparticles on the nanoscale chitosan shell@Nafion/CNT core-modified glass carbon electrode, a highly sensitive ECL method for miRNA determination was developed and successfully used to detect miRNA in human serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjia Bai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhihui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingwang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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138
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Hong D, Jo EJ, Kim K, Song MB, Kim MG. Ru(bpy) 32+ -Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Electrochemiluminescent Probes of a Lateral Flow Immunosensor for Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Troponin I. Small 2020; 16:e2004535. [PMID: 33048467 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The lateral flow immunosensor (LFI) is a widely used diagnostic tool for biomarker detection; however, its sensitivity is often insufficient for analyzing targets at low concentrations. Here, an electrochemiluminescent LFI (ECL-LFI) is developed for highly sensitive detection of troponin I (TnI) using Ru(bpy)32+ -loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (RMSNs). A large amount of Ru(bpy)32+ is successfully loaded into the mesoporous silica nanoparticles with excellent loading capacity and shows strong ECL signals in reaction to tripropylamine. Antibody-immobilized RMSNs are applied to detect TnI by fluorescence and ECL analysis after a sandwich immunoassay on the ECL-LFI strip. The ECL-LFI enables the highly sensitive detection of TnI-spiked human serum within 20 min at femtomolar levels (≈0.81 pg mL-1 ) and with a wide dynamic range (0.001-100 ng mL-1 ), significantly outperforming conventional fluorescence detection (>3 orders of magnitude). Furthermore, TnI concentrations in 35 clinical serum samples across a low range (0.01-48.31 ng mL-1 ) are successfully quantified with an excellent linear correlation (R2 = 0.9915) using a clinical immunoassay analyzer. These results demonstrate the efficacy of this system as a high-performance sensing strategy capable of capitalizing on future point-of-care testing markets for biomolecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggu Hong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Jo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Beom Song
- INGIbio Co. Ltd., R&D Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 206, APRI, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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139
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Han Z, Zhang R, Du P, Wu Y, Lu X. Switching the Photoluminescence and Electrochemiluminescence of Liposoluble Porphyrin in Aqueous Phase by Molecular Regulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23261-23267. [PMID: 32888252 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
By a facile peripheral decoration of 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (ATPP) with inherent aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active tetraphenylethene (TPE), a versatile AIEgenic porphyrin derivative (ATPP-TPE) was obtained, which greatly abolishes the detrimental π-π stacking and thus surmounts the notorious aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect of ATPP in aqueous phase. The photoluminescence of ATPP-TPE is 4.5-fold stronger than ATPP at aggregation state. Moreover, an unequivocal aggregation induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) of ATPP-TPE was found to be seriously dependent on its aggregation property in aqueous solution with efficiency of 34 %, which is 6 times higher than pure ATPP. The versatility of this molecular structure modulation strategy along with the ACQ-to-AIE transformation in this work provides direction to guide for applying liposoluble porphyrins in aqueous phase by designs of synthetic porphyrin AIEgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Zhengang Han
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Photoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Peiyao Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Photoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
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140
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Mauriz E. Recent Progress in Plasmonic Biosensing Schemes for Virus Detection. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20174745. [PMID: 32842601 PMCID: PMC7506724 DOI: 10.3390/s20174745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The global burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to public health and global economy has stressed the need for rapid and simple diagnostic methods. From this perspective, plasmonic-based biosensing can manage the threat of infectious diseases by providing timely virus monitoring. In recent years, many plasmonics’ platforms have embraced the challenge of offering on-site strategies to complement traditional diagnostic methods relying on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). This review compiled recent progress on the development of novel plasmonic sensing schemes for the effective control of virus-related diseases. A special focus was set on the utilization of plasmonic nanostructures in combination with other detection formats involving colorimetric, fluorescence, luminescence, or Raman scattering enhancement. The quantification of different viruses (e.g., hepatitis virus, influenza virus, norovirus, dengue virus, Ebola virus, Zika virus) with particular attention to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reviewed from the perspective of the biomarker and the biological receptor immobilized on the sensor chip. Technological limitations including selectivity, stability, and monitoring in biological matrices were also reviewed for different plasmonic-sensing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elba Mauriz
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain;
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICTAL), La Serna 58, 24007 León, Spain
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141
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Yang L, Koo D, Wu J, Wong JM, Day T, Zhang R, Kolongoda H, Liu K, Wang J, Ding Z, Pagenkopf BL. Benzosiloles with Crystallization-Induced Emission Enhancement of Electrochemiluminescence: Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Crystallography. Chemistry 2020; 26:11715-11721. [PMID: 32484982 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization-induced emission enhancement (CIEE) was demonstrated for the first time for electrochemilunimescence (ECL) with two new benzosiloles. Compared with their solution, the films of the two benzosiloles gave CIEE of 24 and 16 times. The mechanism of the CIEE-ECL was examined by spooling ECL spectroscopy, X-ray crystal structure analysis, photoluminescence, and DFT calculations. This CIEE-ECL system is a complement to the well-established aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) systems. Unique intermolecular interactions are noted in the crystalline chromophore. The first heterogeneous ECL system is established for organic compounds with highly hydrophobic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Donghyun Koo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Jackie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan M Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler Day
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Harshana Kolongoda
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Kehan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
| | - Brian L Pagenkopf
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, N6A 5B7, ON, Canada
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142
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Huang X, Jia J, Lin Y, Qiu B, Lin Z, Chen H. A Highly Sensitive Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for Pyrophosphatase Detection Based on Click Chemistry-Triggered Hybridization Chain Reaction in Homogeneous Solution. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:34716-34722. [PMID: 32643920 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal expression of pyrophosphatase (PPase) is closely related to many diseases and malignant tumors, so the detection for PPase is of great significance in clinical diagnosis, disease monitoring, and other biomedical aspects. In this study, a sensitive and specific electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor combined highly specific Cu+-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) with high efficiency of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for the purpose of detecting pyrophosphatase has been designed. Highly efficient hybridization chain reaction amplification processed in homogeneous solution and the amplification products were connected to the electrode surface in one step, which solved the problem of low DNA amplification efficiency on the electrode surface because of the steric hindrance. Ru(phen)32+ was embedded into the dsDNA and functioned as ECL probes; the enhanced ECL intensity of the system had a linear relationship with the logarithm of PPase concentration in the range of 0.025-50 mU with a detection limit of 8 μU. The method was proved to be of good specificity, repeatability, and stability that could be used for screening and quantitatively determining pyrophosphatase inhibitor sodium fluoride. The practicability of this method in clinical application has been proved through the detection of serum from the clinical arthritis patients. Moreover, the method can be used to monitor PPase activity of arthritis patients before and after administration to provide reference for the effect of drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Jinpeng Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Huixing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
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143
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Rivera EC, Summerscales RL, Tadi Uppala PP, Kwon HJ. Electrochemiluminescence Mechanisms Investigated with Smartphone-Based Sensor Data Modeling, Parameter Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:854-863. [PMID: 32832344 PMCID: PMC7435146 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study introduces a unified framework combining a mechanistic model with a genetic algorithm (GA) for the parameter estimation of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) kinetics of the Ru(bpy)32+/TPrA system occurring in a smartphone-based sensor. The framework allows a straightforward solution for simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters which can be, otherwise, time-consuming and lead to non-convergence. Model parameters are estimated by achieving a high correlation between the model prediction and the measured ECL intensity from the ECL sensor. The developed model is used to perform a sensitivity analysis (SA), which provides quantitative effects of the model parameters on the concentrations of chemical species involved in the system. The results demonstrate that the GA-based parameter estimation and the SA approaches are effective in analyzing the kinetics of the ECL mechanism. Therefore, these approaches can be incorporated as analysis tools in the ECL kinetics study with practical application in the calibration of mechanistic models for any required sensing condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmer Ccopa Rivera
- Department of EngineeringAndrews University8450 E Campus Circle DriveBerrien SpringsMI 49104USA
| | - Rodney L. Summerscales
- Department of ComputingAndrews University4185 E. Campus Circle DriveBerrien SpringsMI 49103USA
| | - Padma P. Tadi Uppala
- School of Population Health, Nutrition & WellnessAndrews University8475 University BoulevardBerrien SpringsMI 49104USA
| | - Hyun J. Kwon
- Department of EngineeringAndrews University8450 E Campus Circle DriveBerrien SpringsMI 49104USA
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144
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Abstract
Tactile sensors are being researched as a key technology for developing an electronic skin and a wearable display, which have recently been attracting much attention. However, to develop a next-generation wearable tactile sensor, it is necessary to implement an interactive display that responds immediately to external stimuli. Herein, a wearable and semitransparent pressure-sensitive light-emitting sensor (PLS) based on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is successfully implemented with visual alarm functions to prevent damage to the human body from external stimuli. The PLS is fabricated with a very simple structure using the ECL gel as the light-emitting layer and a carbon nanotube embedded polydimethylsiloxane as the electrode. The ECL light-emitting layer using a redox reaction is advantageous for the fabrication of next-generation wearable devices due to the advantages of a simple structure and the use of electrodes without work function limitation. The PLS can display various external stimuli immediately and operate at a high luminance, making it safe to use as a wearable sensor. Therefore, the PLS using ECL can be a simple and meaningful solution for next-generation wearable tactile sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Kyun Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Myoung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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145
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in the pleural effusion of lung cancer patients. METHODS HE4 protein in the pleural effusion of 60 lung cancer patients was measured by electrochemiluminescence, in parallel with those from 56 patients with benign lung disease, and the association with malignant pleural effusion was evaluated. RESULTS The level of HE4 in samples from lung cancer patients was significantly higher than the level for those with benign lung lesions (P= 0.001) and patients with lung adenocarcinoma showed significantly higher levels of HE4 than those with squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma (P= 0.002 and P= 0.034, respectively). Using an optimal threshold of 652.2 pmol/L, the HE4 level distinguished malignant lung cancer from benign lesions with a sensitivity of 78.3% and a specificity of 75.0%. Moreover, the HE4 level differentiated adenocarcinoma from benign lesions with a sensitivity of 75.9% and a specificity of 85.7% when a threshold of 744.05 pmol/L was used. However, there was no significant difference in the 2 year survival rates of lung cancer patients with high and low HE4 concentrations in pleural fluid (P= 0.882). In addition, there was no significant difference in HE4 levels between tuberculous and inflammatory pleural effusions (P= 0.309). CONCLUSION HE4 in the pleural fluid of lung cancer patients can be valuable in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion; however, it does not correlate with the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lv
- Department of Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Clinic Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuilan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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146
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Abstract
Cell aggregates have attracted much attention owing to their potential applications in tissue engineering and drug screening. To evaluate cellular respiration of individual cell aggregates in these applications, noninvasive and on-chip high-throughput analytical tools are necessary. Electrochemical methods for detecting oxygen concentrations are useful because of their noninvasiveness. However, these conventional methods may be unsuitable for high-throughput detection because it is difficult to prepare many electrodes on a small chip owing to the limitation of area for connecting electrodes. Alternatively, a bipolar electrode (BPE) system offers clear advantages. In this system, electrochemical reactions are induced at both ends of a BPE without complex wiring. In this study, we present a BPE array for detecting the respiratory activity of cell aggregates. Oxygen concentrations near cell aggregates at cathodic poles of BPEs were converted to electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signals of [Ru(bpy)3]2+/tripropylamine at anodic poles of BPEs. To separate ECL chemicals from cell aggregates, we fabricated a closed BPE device containing analytical and reporter chambers. As a proof of concept, 32 BPEs were controlled wirelessly using a pair of driving electrodes, and the respiratory activities of individual MCF-7 cell aggregates as a cancer model were successfully detected by monitoring ECL signals. Compared with conventional electrode arrays for cell analysis, the wiring of the current device was simple because the multiple BPEs functioned with only a single power supply. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of on-chip analysis of cellular activity using a BPE system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yaegaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hiramoto
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuji Nashimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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147
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Fan Z, Lin Z, Wang Z, Wang J, Xie M, Zhao J, Zhang K, Huang W. Dual-Wavelength Electrochemiluminescence Ratiometric Biosensor for NF-κB p50 Detection with Dimethylthiodiaminoterephthalate Fluorophore and Self-Assembled DNA Tetrahedron Nanostructures Probe. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:11409-11418. [PMID: 32067445 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we fabricated a dual-wavelength electrochemiluminescence ratiometric biosensor based on electrochemiluminescent resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET). In this biosensor, Au nanoparticle-loaded graphitic phase carbon nitride (Au-g-C3N4) as a donor and Au-modified dimethylthiodiaminoterephthalate (TAT) analogue (Au@TAT) as an acceptor were investigated for the first time. Besides, tetrahedron DNA probe was immobilized onto Au-g-C3N4 to improve the binding efficiency of the transcription factor and ECL ratiometric changes on the basis of the ratio of ECL intensities at 595 and 460 nm, which were obtained through the formation of a sandwich structure of DNA probe-antigen-antibody. Our biosensor achieved the assay of NF-κB p50 with a detection limit of 5.8 pM as well as high stability and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zongqiong Lin
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zepeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Minhao Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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148
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Guo W, Ding H, Zhou P, Wang Y, Su B. Electrochemiluminescence Waveguide in Single Crystalline Molecular Wires. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6745-6749. [PMID: 31944544 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the first observation of active waveguide of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in single crystalline molecular wires self-assembled from cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes, namely tris(1-phenylisoquinoline-C2 , N) (Ir(piq)3 ). Under dark conditions, the molecular wires deposited on the electrode surface can act as both ECL emitters and active waveguides. As revealed by ECL microscopy, they exhibit the typical characteristics of optical waveguides, transmitting ECL and generating much brighter ECL emission at their terminals. Moreover, self-generated ECL can be confined inside the molecular wire and propagates along the longitudinal direction as far as ≈100 μm to the terminal out of touch with the electrode. Therefore, this one-dimensional crystalline molecular wire-based waveguide offers the opportunity to switch the electrochemically generated ECL to remote light emission in non-conductive regions and is promising for contactless electrochemical analysis and study of (bio)chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Guo
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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149
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Song C, Li X, Hu L, Shi T, Wu D, Ma H, Zhang Y, Fan D, Wei Q, Ju H. Quench-Type Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Based on Resonance Energy Transfer from Carbon Nanotubes and Au-Nanoparticles-Enhanced g-C 3N 4 to CuO@Polydopamine for Procalcitonin Detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:8006-8015. [PMID: 31972073 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new type of sandwich electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor dependent on ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) to achieve sensitive detection of procalcitonin (PCT) has been designed. In brief, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and Au-nanoparticles-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4-CNT@Au) and CuO nanospheres covered with polydopamine (PDA) layer (CuO@PDA) were synthesized and applied as ECL donor and receptor, respectively. g-C3N4-CNT nanomaterials were in situ prepared on the basis of π-π conjugation, and the CNT content in the composite were optimized to achieve a strong and stable ECL signal. At the same time, Au nanoparticles were used to functionalize g-C3N4-CNT to further increase the ECL intensity and the loading amount of primary antibody (Ab1). Moreover, CuO@PDA was first used to successfully quench the ECL signal of g-C3N4-CNT@Au. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the linear detection range for PCT concentration was within 0.0001-10 ng mL-1 and the detection limit was 25.7 fg mL-1 (S/N = 3). Considering prominent specificity, reproducibility, and stability, the prepared immunosensor was used to assess recovery rate of PCT in human serum according to the standard addition method and the result was satisfactory. In addition, it is worth mentioning that a novel ECL-RET pair of g-C3N4-CNT@Au (donor)/CuO@PDA (acceptor) was first developed, which offered an effective analytical tool for sensitive detection of biomarkers in early disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huangxian Ju
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P.R. China
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150
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Li Z, Zhang J, Chen H, Huang X, Huang D, Luo F, Wang J, Guo L, Qiu B, Lin Z. Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for Hyaluronidase Based on the Ru(bpy) 32+ Doped SiO 2 Nanoparticles Embedded in the Hydrogel Fabricated by Hyaluronic Acid and Polyethylenimine. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:1158-1164. [PMID: 35019317 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronidase (HAase), a specific enzyme of hyaluronic acid (HA), has been reported as a potential tumor biomarker in recent years. Hence, developing some simple, rapid, and sensitive methods for HAase assay is necessary. In this work, a simple and sensitive biosensor constructed by a reliable controlled release system and a mature electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analytical technique has been devised for the quantification of HAase with high efficiency and selectivity. Tris (2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) chloride hexahydrate doped SiO2 nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs), as ECL signal probes, were trapped in the hydrogel fabricated by HA and polyethylenimine evenly and steadily. When HAase existed, the hydrogel was decomposed by HAase, and the Ru@SiO2 NPs escaped from the hydrogel into the supernate. The ECL signal produced from the supernate can be detected and used to characterize HAase concentration. The result showed a good linear relationship between ECL intensity, and HAase concentration ranged from 2 to 60 U/mL and the limit of detection was 2 U/mL. The developed controlled release ECL biosensor has been used for HAase quantification in urine samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huixing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
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