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Pitman KE, Alluri SR, Kristian A, Aarnes EK, Lyng H, Riss PJ, Malinen E. Influx rate of 18F-fluoroaminosuberic acid reflects cystine/glutamate antiporter expression in tumour xenografts. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:2190-2198. [PMID: 31264167 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE 18F-fluoroaminosuberic acid (18F-FASu) is a recently developed amino acid tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) of oxidative stress that may offer improved tumour assessment over the conventional tracer 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). Our aim was to evaluate and relate dynamic 18F-FASu and 18F-FDG uptake with pharmacokinetic modelling to transporter protein expression levels in a panel of diverse tumour xenograft lines. METHODS Four different tumour xenograft lines were implanted in female athymic nude mice: MAS98.12 and HBCx3 (breast), TPMX (osteosarcoma) and A549 (lung). Dynamic PET over 60 min was performed on a small animal unit. The time-activity curves (TACs) for 18F-FASu and 18F-FDG in individual tumours were used to extract early (SUVE; 2 min p.i.) and late (SUVL; 55 min p.i.) standardised uptake values. Pharmacokinetic two-tissue compartment models were applied to the TACs to estimate rate constants K1-k4 and blood volume fraction vB. Relative levels of cystine/glutamate antiporter subunit xCT were assessed by western blotting, and expression of GLUT1 and CD31 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS 18F-FASu showed higher SUVE, whilst 18F-FDG exhibited higher SUVL. Influx rate K1 for 18F-FASu was significantly correlated with xCT levels (p = 0.001) and was significantly higher than K1 for 18F-FDG (p < 0.001). K1 for 18F-FDG was significantly correlated with GLUT1 levels (p = 0.002). vB estimated from 18F-FASu and 18F-FDG TACs was highly consistent and significantly correlated (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). Two qualitatively different 18F-FASu uptake profiles were identified: type α with low xCT expression and low K1 (A549 and HBCx3), and type β with high xCT expression and high K1 (MAS98.12 and TPMX). CONCLUSION The influx rate of 18F-FASu reflects xCT activity in tumour xenografts. Dynamic PET with pharmacokinetic modelling is needed to fully appraise 18F-FASu distribution routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathinka E Pitman
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Santosh R Alluri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick J Riss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Malinen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Yao Y, Li Y, Song Q, Hu C, Xie W, Xu C, Chen Q, Wang QK. Angiogenic Factor AGGF1-Primed Endothelial Progenitor Cells Repair Vascular Defect in Diabetic Mice. Diabetes 2019; 68:1635-1648. [PMID: 31092480 PMCID: PMC6905488 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-triggered vascular abnormalities are the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The major cause of vascular dysfunction in DM is endothelial injury and dysfunction associated with the reduced number and dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). A major challenge is to identify key regulators of EPCs to restore DM-associated vascular dysfunction. We show that EPCs from heterozygous knockout Aggf1+/- mice presented with impairment of proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and transendothelial migration as in hyperglycemic mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or db/db mice. The number of EPCs from Aggf1+/- mice was significantly reduced. Ex vivo, AGGF1 protein can fully reverse all damaging effects of hyperglycemia on EPCs. In vivo, transplantation of AGGF1-primed EPCs successfully restores blood flow and blocks tissue necrosis and ambulatory impairment in HFD-induced hyperglycemic mice or db/db mice with diabetic hindlimb ischemia. Mechanistically, AGGF1 activates AKT, reduces nuclear localization of Fyn, which increases the nuclear level of Nrf2 and expression of antioxidative genes, and inhibits reactive oxygen species generation. These results suggest that Aggf1 is required for essential function of EPCs, AGGF1 fully reverses the damaging effects of hyperglycemia on EPCs, and AGGF1 priming of EPCs is a novel treatment modality for vascular complications in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qixue Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changqin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, NB50, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Qing K. Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, NB50, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
- Corresponding author: Qing K. Wang, , or Qiuyun Chen,
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Li S, Song C, Yang S, Yu W, Zhang W, Zhang G, Xi Z, Lu E. Supercritical CO 2 foamed composite scaffolds incorporating bioactive lipids promote vascularized bone regeneration via Hif-1α upregulation and enhanced type H vessel formation. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:253-267. [PMID: 31154054 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has substantial potential for the treatment of massive bone defects; however, efficient vascularization coupled with bone regeneration still remains a challenge in this field. In the current study, supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) foaming technique was adopted to fabricate mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) particle-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) composite scaffolds with appropriate mechanical and degradation properties as well as in vitro bioactivity. The MBG-PLGA scaffolds incorporating the bioactive lipid FTY720 (designated as FTY/MBG-PLGA) exhibited simultaneously sustained release of the bioactive lipid and ions. In addition to providing a favorable microenvironment for cellular adhesion and proliferation, FTY/MBG-PLGA scaffolds significantly facilitated the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and also markedly stimulated the upregulation of Hif-1α expression via the activation of the Erk1/2 pathway, which mediated the osteogenic and pro-angiogenic effects on rBMSCs. Furthermore, FTY/MBG-PLGA extracts induced superior in vitro angiogenic performance of HUVECs. In vivo evaluation of critical-sized rat calvarial bone defects indicated that FTY/MBG-PLGA scaffolds potently promoted vascularized bone regeneration. Notably, the significantly enhanced formation of type H vessels (CD31hiEmcnhi neo-vessels) was observed in newly formed bone tissue in FTY/MBG-PLGA group, strongly suggesting that FTY720 and therapeutic ions released from the scaffolds synergistically induced more type H vessel formation, which indicated the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis to achieve efficiently vascularized bone regeneration. Overall, the results indicated that the foamed porous MBG-PLGA scaffolds incorporating bioactive lipids achieved desirable vascularization-coupled bone formation and could be a promising strategy for bone regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Efficacious coupling of vascularizationandbone formation is critical for the restoration of large bone defects. Anoveltechnique was used to fabricate composite scaffolds incorporating bioactive lipids which possessedsynergistic cues of bioactive lipids and therapeutic ions to potently promotebone regenerationas well as vascularization. The underlying molecular mechanism for the osteogenic and pro-angiogenic effects of the compositescaffolds was unveiled. Interestingly, the scaffolds were furtherfoundto enhance the formation oftype H capillarieswithin the bone healing microenvironment to couple angiogenesis to osteogenesis to achieve satisfyingvascularizedbone regeneration.These findings provide a novel strategy to develop efficiently vascularized engineering constructs to treat massive bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaobo Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengbing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Yu
- College of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 390 Yanqiao Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhao Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Eryi Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China.
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Ricchetti T, Paci M, Cavazza A, Ferrari G, Annessi V, De Franco S, Sgarbi G. A Case of Metastatic Epithelioid Angiosarcoma in the Lamina Propria of a Sigmoid Tubulovillous Adenoma. Tumori 2019; 91:210-2. [PMID: 15948556 DOI: 10.1177/030089160509100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epithelioid angiosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor. It is generally a secondary tumor and the preferred sites of such metastases are the heart, pericardium, lung, breast, liver, spleen, bone, and brain. In rare cases the lung has been described as the primary site. The prognosis of this neoplasm is extremely poor. We report a case of epithelioid angiosarcoma with multiple bilateral lung infiltration, bone metastasis, and metastasis of the lamina propria of a tubulovillous adenoma of the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Ricchetti
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Pathology, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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105
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Moy AP, Duncan LM, Muzikansky A, Kraft S. Angiotropism in primary cutaneous melanoma is associated with disease progression and distant metastases: A retrospective study of 179 cases. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 46:498-507. [PMID: 30903664 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotropism is the histopathological correlate of pericytic mimicry and extravascular migratory metastasis (EVMM), a mechanism of melanoma spread by migration along the external surface of blood and lymphatic vessels. The frequency of angiotropism in primary cutaneous melanoma and the clinical utility of its detection remain unclear. METHODS We investigated angiotropism in 179 primary cutaneous melanomas by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), CD31, and S100/D240 stains. RESULTS We detected angiotropism in 31 cases (17%) by H&E. CD31 immunohistochemistry increased detection to 59 cases (33%). When lymphatic vessels were included by using S100/D240 stains, 67 cases (37%) cases were positive. Angiotropism was associated with lymphatic invasion and mitotic rate with all detection methods. There was an association with increased tumor thickness when detected by H&E and CD31. No association with sentinel lymph node status was seen. By H&E and CD31 staining, angiotropism was associated with disease progression and distant metastases by univariate, but not multivariate analysis. Overall survival was not affected by the presence of angiotropism. CONCLUSIONS Angiotropism is relatively common in primary melanoma when immunohistochemical stains are used for detection and associated with mitotic rate and intravascular lymphatic invasion. The association with disease progression and distant metastasis suggests that it represents an alternative pathway of metastasis, that is, EVMM/pericytic mimicry vs intravascular spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea P Moy
- Pathology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York
| | - Lyn M Duncan
- Pathology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alona Muzikansky
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stefan Kraft
- Pathology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Dermatopathology, Freiburg, Germany
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Wang Y, Yu H, Zhang D, Wang G, Song W, Liu Y, Ma S, Tang Z, Liu Z, Sakurai K, Chen X. Co-administration of combretastatin A4 nanoparticles and sorafenib for systemic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Biomater 2019; 92:229-240. [PMID: 31100462 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Effective systemic therapy is highly desired for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a combination of nanoparticles of poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 sodium salt (CA4-NPs) plus sorafenib is developed for the cooperative systemic treatment of HCC. The CA4-NPs leads to the disruption of established tumor blood vessels and extensive tumor necrosis, however, inducing increased expression of VEGF-A and angiogenesis. Sorafenib reduces the VEGF-A induced angiogenesis and further inhibits tumor proliferation, cooperating with the CA4-NPs. A significant decrease in tumor volume and prolonged survival time are observed in the combination group of CA4-NPs plus sorafenib compared with CA4-NPs or sorafenib monotherapy in subcutaneous and orthotopic H22 hepatic tumor models. Seventy-one percent of the mice are alive without residual tumor at 96 days post tumor inoculation for the subcutaneous models treated with CA4-NPs 30 or 35 mg·kg-1 plus sorafenib 30 mg·kg-1. Our findings suggest that co-administration of sorafenib and CA4-NPs possesses significant antitumor efficacy for HCC treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Effective systemic therapy is highly desired for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we demonstrate that a combination of nanoparticles of poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 sodium salt (CA4-NPs) plus sorafenib is a promising synergistic approach for systemic treatment of HCC. The CA4-NPs leads to the disruption of established tumor blood vessels and extensive tumor necrosis, however, inducing increased expression of VEGF-A and angiogenesis. Sorafenib reduces the VEGF-A induced angiogenesis and further inhibits tumor proliferation, cooperating with the CA4-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Wang
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Guanyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yingmin Liu
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Ziling Liu
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- The University of Kitakyushu, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
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Khan I, Bhardwaj M, Shukla S, Lee H, Oh MH, Bajpai VK, Huh YS, Kang SC. Carvacrol encapsulated nanocarrier/ nanoemulsion abrogates angiogenesis by downregulating COX-2, VEGF and CD31 in vitro and in vivo in a lung adenocarcinoma model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 181:612-622. [PMID: 31202132 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoemulsion-based synthesis has been introduced to enhance the bioavailability of natural compounds at target sites for their various biomedical applications. In this study, we synthesized carvacrol nanoemulsion (CN) an oil-in-water (O/W) as a nano-emulsion vehicle system by using ultrasonication emulsification for anti-angiogenesis therapy formulated by combining MCT, lecithin, and polysorbate 80 at the O/W interface called carvacrol encapsulated nanoemulsion (CEN). The diameter of CEN determined by TEM analysis was 105.32 nm. The hydrodynamic droplet size was 101.0 nm with a -39.38-mV zeta potential. The stability of the synthesized CEN was approved till 100 days without any change in diameter size distribution and encapsulation efficiency. We evaluated the role of CEN on angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells both in vitro and in vivo and observed that it reduced the growth and MMP levels of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Exposure to CEN decreased the activation of MAPK p38 as well as ERK. Moreover, we found that CEN reduced the expression of VEGF and CD31 in A549 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our in-silico study also indicated the binding of carvacrol to COX-2 and VEGF at the active and allosteric sites of CD31 with low binding energy. Overall, CEN induced anti-angiogenic effects in A549 cells in vitro, in silico, and in vivo, thereby establishing its potential as targeted drug delivery vehicle against angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Monika Bhardwaj
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and cellular Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Oh
- Animal Production Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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Garcia-Moreno SA, Lin YT, Futtner CR, Salamone IM, Capel B, Maatouk DM. CBX2 is required to stabilize the testis pathway by repressing Wnt signaling. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007895. [PMID: 31116734 PMCID: PMC6548405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
XX and XY fetal gonads are initially bipotential, poised between the ovary and testis fate. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that commitment to testis fate requires the repression of genes associated with ovary fate. It was previously shown that loss of CBX2, the subunit of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) that binds H3K27me3 and mediates silencing, leads to ovary development in XY mice and humans. While it had been proposed that CBX2 is an activator of the testis-determining gene Sry, we investigated the alternative possibility that CBX2 has a direct role as a repressor of the antagonistic ovary-promoting pathway. To investigate this possibility, we developed a quantitative genome-wide profile of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 and its active counterpart H3K4me3 in isolated XY and XX gonadal supporting cells before and after sex determination. We show that testis and ovary sex-determining (SD) genes are bivalent before sex determination, providing insight into how the bipotential state of the gonad is established at the epigenetic level. After sex determination, many SD genes of the alternate pathway remain bivalent, possibly contributing to the ability of these cells to transdifferentiate even in adults. The finding that many genes in the Wnt signaling pathway were targeted for H3K27me3-mediated repression in Sertoli cells led us to test whether deletion of Wnt4 could rescue testis development in Cbx2 mutants. We show that Sry expression and testis development were rescued in XY Cbx2-/-;Wnt4-/- mice. Furthermore, we show that CBX2 directly binds the downstream Wnt signaler Lef1, an ovary-promoting gene that remains bivalent in Sertoli cells. Our results suggest that stabilization of the testis fate requires CBX2-mediated repression of bivalent ovary-determining genes, which would otherwise block testis development. During development, the bipotential fetal gonad can commit to the testis fate or to the ovary fate. Mutation of the epigenetic regulator CBX2 leads to ovary development in XY embryos, suggesting a critical role for chromatin remodeling during sex determination. However, the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate the testis vs. ovary cell-fate decision in the mammalian bipotential gonad are poorly understood. In this study, we developed a genome-wide profile of two histone modifications that play critical roles during development: H3K27me3 (repressive) and H3K4me3 (active). We find that sex-determining genes that are initially co-expressed in XX and XY bipotential gonads are bivalent (marked by both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3) prior to sex determination, poised to engage either the testis or ovary fate. Remarkably, after sex determination, repressed genes that promote the alternate fate remain bivalent. We show that stabilization of the testis fate requires CBX2-mediated repression of bivalent ovary-determining genes, which would otherwise block testis development. Our study provides insight into how the bipotential state of the gonad is established at the epigenetic level, and how the testis fate is stabilized by repression of the ovary fate during sex determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Alexandra Garcia-Moreno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Yi-Tzu Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Futtner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Isabella M. Salamone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Blanche Capel
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Danielle M. Maatouk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Xu T, Luo Y, Kong F, Lv B, Zhao S, Chen J, Liu W, Cheng L, Zhou Z, Zhou Z, Huang Y, Li L, Zhao X, Qian D, Fan J, Yin G. GIT1 is critical for formation of the CD31 hiEmcn hi vessel subtype in coupling osteogenesis with angiogenesis via modulating preosteoclasts secretion of PDGF-BB. Bone 2019; 122:218-230. [PMID: 30853660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 interacting protein-1 (GIT1) is a scaffold protein that plays a vital role in bone modeling and remodeling during osteogenesis coupled with angiogenesis. Recent studies have shown that a specialized subset of vascular endothelium strongly positive for CD31 and Endomucin (CD31hiEmcnhi) is coupled with anabolic bone formation. Based on our previous finding that GIT1 knockout (GIT1 KO) mice have impaired angiogenesis and bone formation, we hypothesized that GIT1 affects formation of the CD31hiEmcnhi vessel subtype. In the current study, GIT1 knockout (GIT1 KO) mice displayed a significant decrease in trabecular bone mass and CD31hiEmcnhi vessel number, compared to their wild-type counterparts. In the fracture healing mouse model, GIT1 KO mice contained a lower number of CD31hiEmcnhi vessels in fracture callus at days 7 and 14. However, no significant differences in the number of preosteoclasts in bone marrow, trabecular bone and callus in GIT1 KO mice were observed, compared with wild-type mice. Notably, concentrations of serum platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB) secreted by preosteoclasts associated with CD31hiEmcnhi vessel formation were lower in GIT1 KO mice. In addition, PDGF-BB-associated expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase- 1/2 (ERK1/2) and specificity protein 1 (SP1) was significantly decreased in preosteoclasts of GIT1 KO mice. These results collectively suggest that GIT1 is a critical participant in formation of the CD31hiEmcnhi vessel subtype, highlighting a novel biologic function of this scaffold protein in preosteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - YongJun Luo
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - FanQi Kong
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital with Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212000, China
| | - ShuJie Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - ZhiMin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - YiFan Huang
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - LinWei Li
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - DingFei Qian
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jin Fan
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - GuoYong Yin
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing 210029, China.
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Cai X, Biswas I, Panicker SR, Giri H, Rezaie AR. Activated protein C inhibits lipopolysaccharide-mediated acetylation and secretion of high-mobility group box 1 in endothelial cells. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:803-817. [PMID: 30865333 PMCID: PMC6494677 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Essentials APC elicits cytoprotective responses in endothelial cells via EPCR-dependent cleavage of PAR1. APC inhibits LPS-mediated translocation and extracellular secretion of HMGB1 in endothelial cells. Signaling activity of APC inhibits LPS-mediated acetylation of HMGB1 by epigenetic mechanisms. APC inhibits LPS-mediated HMGB1 expression in CD31-positive endothelial cells in cremaster muscle. SUMMARY: Background Activated protein C (APC) inhibits high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) signaling and its lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated release by endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)-dependent activation of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) in endothelial cells. Post-translational acetylation is known to modulate the subcellular localization of HMGB1, and its hyperacetylated form is translocated to the cytoplasm of innate immune cells before being secreted into the extracellular space. Objective To determine whether APC inhibits LPS-mediated HMGB1 secretion from endothelial cells by modulating its acetylation status. Methods The subcellular localization of HMGB1 in LPS-treated endothelial cells was monitored in the absence and presence of APC by western blot analysis of fractionated cell lysates and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Results Both western blot and immunofluorescence data indicated that APC effectively inhibits LPS-mediated translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by EPCR-dependent and PAR1-dependent mechanisms. When EPCR was ligated by the Gla-domain of protein C/APC, thrombin also inhibited LPS-mediated HMGB1 translocation. Further studies revealed that APC inhibits the translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by inhibiting LPS-mediated hyperacetylation of HMGB1 by (de)acetylating enzymes. Furthermore, the translocated HMGB1 was found to be associated with lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 in LPS-treated endothelial cells. The in vivo relevance of these findings was investigated in the mouse cremaster muscle, and this demonstrated that both wild-type APC and a signaling-selective mutant of APC inhibit LPS-mediated HMGB1 expression and translocation in CD31-positive endothelial cells. Conclusion These results suggest that APC inhibits LPS-mediated cytoplasmic translocation and secretion of HMGB1 in endothelial cells by epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Cai
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
| | - Indranil Biswas
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
| | - Sumith R. Panicker
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
| | - Hemant Giri
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
| | - Alireza R. Rezaie
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
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111
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King D, Glynn M, Cindric S, Kernan D, O'Connell T, Hakimjavadi R, Kearney S, Ackermann T, Berbel XM, Llobera A, Simonsen U, Laursen BE, Redmond EM, Cahill PA, Ducrée J. Label-Free Multi Parameter Optical Interrogation of Endothelial Activation in Single Cells using a Lab on a Disc Platform. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4157. [PMID: 30858536 PMCID: PMC6411894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular activation and inflammation leading to endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated whether a single cell label-free multi parameter optical interrogation system can detect endothelial cell and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) activation in vitro and ex vivo, respectively. Cultured human endothelial cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) before endothelial activation was validated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of inflammatory marker expression (PECAM-1, E-selectin and ICAM-1). A centrifugal microfluidic system and V-cup array was used to capture individual cells before optical measurement of light scattering, immunocytofluorescence, auto-fluorescence (AF) and cell morphology was determined. In vitro, TNF-α promoted specific changes to the refractive index and cell morphology of individual cells concomitant with enhanced photon activity of fluorescently labelled inflammatory markers and increased auto-fluorescence (AF) intensity at three different wavelengths, an effect blocked by inhibition of downstream signalling with Iκβ. Ex vivo, there was a significant increase in EPC number and AF intensity of individual EPCs from CVD patients concomitant with enhanced PECAM-1 expression when compared to normal controls. This novel label-free 'lab on a disc' (LoaD) platform can successfully detect endothelial activation in response to inflammatory stimuli in vitro and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien King
- Dublin City University, School of Physical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - MacDara Glynn
- Dublin City University, School of Physical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sandra Cindric
- Dublin City University, School of Physical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Kernan
- Dublin City University, School of Physical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tríona O'Connell
- Dublin City University, School of Biotechnology, Irish Science Separation Cluster, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roya Hakimjavadi
- Dublin City University, School of Biotechnology, Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Kearney
- Dublin City University, School of Physical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tobias Ackermann
- Dublin City University, School of Biotechnology, Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Andreu Llobera
- Centre Nacional de Microelectronica, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulf Simonsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Britt E Laursen
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eileen M Redmond
- University of Rochester, Dept Surgery Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Paul A Cahill
- Dublin City University, School of Biotechnology, Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jens Ducrée
- Dublin City University, School of Physical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin, Ireland.
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Wang X, Lin M, Kang Y. Engineering Porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) Scaffolds with Multiple Channels to Promote Cell Migration, Proliferation, and Angiogenesis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:9223-9232. [PMID: 30758175 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate oxygen and nutrient diffusion in a porous scaffold often resulted in insufficient formation of branched vasculatures, which hindered bone regeneration. In this study, interconnected porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds with different geometric designs of channels were fabricated and compared to discover the functionality of structure on facilitating nutrient diffusion for angiogenesis. In vitro fluid transportation and degradation of the scaffolds were performed. Cell infiltration, migration, and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on the scaffolds were carried out under both static and dynamic culture conditions. A computational simulation model and a series of immunofluorescent staining were implemented to understand the mechanism of cell behavior in response to different types of scaffolds. Results showed that geometry with multiple channels significantly accelerated the release of Ca2+ and increased the fluid diffusion efficiency. Moreover, multiple channels promoted HUVECs' infiltration and migration in vitro. The ex vivo implantation results showed that the channels promoted cells from the rats' calvarial bone explants to infiltrate into the implanted scaffold. Multiple channels also stimulated HUVECs' proliferation prominently at both static and dynamic culturing conditions. The expression of both cell migration-related protein α5 and angiogenesis-related protein CD31 on multiple-channeled scaffolds was upregulated compared to that on the other two types of scaffolds, implying that multiple channels reinforced cell migration and angiogenesis. All the findings suggested that the geometric design of multiple channels in the porous β-TCP scaffold has promising potential to promote cell infiltration, migration, and further vascularization when implanted in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yunqing Kang
- Integrative Biology PhD Program, Department of Biological Science, College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
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113
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Liang Y, Zhao X, Hu T, Chen B, Yin Z, Ma PX, Guo B. Adhesive Hemostatic Conducting Injectable Composite Hydrogels with Sustained Drug Release and Photothermal Antibacterial Activity to Promote Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration During Wound Healing. Small 2019; 15:e1900046. [PMID: 30786150 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 680] [Impact Index Per Article: 136.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing injectable nanocomposite conductive hydrogel dressings with multifunctions including adhesiveness, antibacterial, and radical scavenging ability and good mechanical property to enhance full-thickness skin wound regeneration is highly desirable in clinical application. Herein, a series of adhesive hemostatic antioxidant conductive photothermal antibacterial hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid-graft-dopamine and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using a H2 O2 /HPR (horseradish peroxidase) system are prepared for wound dressing. These hydrogels exhibit high swelling, degradability, tunable rheological property, and similar or superior mechanical properties to human skin. The polydopamine endowed antioxidant activity, tissue adhesiveness and hemostatic ability, self-healing ability, conductivity, and NIR irradiation enhanced in vivo antibacterial behavior of the hydrogels are investigated. Moreover, drug release and zone of inhibition tests confirm sustained drug release capacity of the hydrogels. Furthermore, the hydrogel dressings significantly enhance vascularization by upregulating growth factor expression of CD31 and improve the granulation tissue thickness and collagen deposition, all of which promote wound closure and contribute to a better therapeutic effect than the commercial Tegaderm films group in a mouse full-thickness wounds model. In summary, these adhesive hemostatic antioxidative conductive hydrogels with sustained drug release property to promote complete skin regeneration are an excellent wound dressing for full-thickness skin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Liang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Tianli Hu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Baojun Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhanhai Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Peter X Ma
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Baolin Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Matsuo K, Ji S, Miya A, Yoda M, Hamada Y, Tanaka T, Takao-Kawabata R, Kawaai K, Kuroda Y, Shibata S. Innervation of the tibial epiphysis through the intercondylar foramen. Bone 2019; 120:297-304. [PMID: 30439572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The periosteum and mineralized bone are innervated by nerves that sense pain. These include both myelinated and unmyelinated neurons with either free nerve endings or bearing nociceptors. Parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic nerves also innervate bone. However, little is known about the route sensory nerves take leaving the epiphyses of long bones at the adult knee joint. Here, we used transgenic mice that express fluorescent Venus protein in Schwann cells (Sox10-Venus mice) to visualize myelinated and unmyelinated nerves in the tibial epiphysis. Immunofluorescence to detect a pan-neuronal marker and the sensory neuron markers calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) also revealed Schwann cell-associated sensory neurons. Foramina in the intercondylar area of the tibia were conserved between rodents and primates. Venus-labeled fibers were detected within bone marrow of the proximal epiphysis, exited through foramina along with blood vessels in the intercondylar area of the tibia, and joined Venus-labeled fibers of the synovial membrane and meniscus. These data suggest that innervation of the subchondral plate and trabecular bone within the tibial epiphysis carries pain signals from the knee joint to the brain through intercondylar foramina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Matsuo
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Shuting Ji
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ayako Miya
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoda
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Hamada
- Morphology Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41 Kanrin, Inuyama 484-8506, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tanaka
- Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 632-1 Mifuku, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2321, Japan
| | - Ryoko Takao-Kawabata
- Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 632-1 Mifuku, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2321, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kawaai
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kuroda
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Electron Microscope Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Lewis D, Roncaroli F, Agushi E, Mosses D, Williams R, Li KL, Zhu X, Hinz R, Atkinson R, Wadeson A, Hulme S, Mayers H, Stapleton E, Lloyd SKL, Freeman SR, Rutherford SA, Hammerbeck-Ward C, Evans DG, Pathmanaban O, Jackson A, King AT, Coope DJ. Inflammation and vascular permeability correlate with growth in sporadic vestibular schwannoma. Neuro Oncol 2019; 21:314-325. [PMID: 30388263 PMCID: PMC6380424 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is hypothesized to be a key event in the growth of sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS). In this study we sought to investigate the relationship between inflammation and tumor growth in vivo using the PET tracer 11C-(R)-PK11195 and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI derived vascular biomarkers. METHODS Nineteen patients with sporadic VS (8 static, 7 growing, and 4 shrinking tumors) underwent prospective imaging with dynamic 11C-(R)-PK11195 PET and a comprehensive MR protocol, including high temporal resolution DCE-MRI in 15 patients. An intertumor comparison of 11C-(R)-PK11195 binding potential (BPND) and DCE-MRI derived vascular biomarkers (Ktrans, vp, ve) across the 3 different tumor growth cohorts was undertaken. Tissue of 8 tumors was examined with immunohistochemistry markers for inflammation (Iba1), neoplastic cells (S-100 protein), vessels (CD31), the PK11195 target translocator protein (TSPO), fibrinogen for vascular permeability, and proliferation (Ki-67). Results were correlated with PET and DCE-MRI data. RESULTS Compared with static tumors, growing VS displayed significantly higher mean 11C-(R)-PK11195 BPND (-0.07 vs 0.47, P = 0.020), and higher mean tumor Ktrans (0.06 vs 0.14, P = 0.004). Immunohistochemistry confirmed the imaging findings and demonstrated that TSPO is predominantly expressed in macrophages. Within growing VS, macrophages rather than tumor cells accounted for the majority of proliferating cells. CONCLUSION We present the first in vivo imaging evidence of increased inflammation within growing sporadic VS. Our results demonstrate that 11C-(R)-PK11195 specific binding and DCE-MRI derived parameters can be used as imaging biomarkers of inflammation and vascular permeability in this tumor group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lewis
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Federico Roncaroli
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Erjon Agushi
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dominic Mosses
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ricky Williams
- Brain Tumour Biobank, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ka-loh Li
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ross Atkinson
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrea Wadeson
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sharon Hulme
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen Mayers
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Emma Stapleton
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon K L Lloyd
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon R Freeman
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Scott A Rutherford
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Charlotte Hammerbeck-Ward
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Omar Pathmanaban
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Alan Jackson
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew T King
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Skull Base Unit, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David J Coope
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Gariboldi MI, Butler R, Best SM, Cameron RE. Engineering vasculature: Architectural effects on microcapillary-like structure self-assembly. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210390. [PMID: 30620757 PMCID: PMC6324810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest obstacles to clinical translation of bone tissue engineering is the inability to effectively and efficiently vascularize scaffolds. The goal of this work was to explore systematically whether architecture, at a scale of hundreds of microns, can be used to direct the growth of microcapillary-like structures into the core of scaffolds. Biphasic bioceramic patterned architectures were produced using silicone molds of 3D printed parts. Grooves and ridges were designed to have widths of 330 μm and 660 μm, with periodicities respectively of 1240 μm and 630 μm. Groove depth was varied between 150 μm and 585 μm. Co-cultures of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and human osteoblasts (hOBs) were used to grow microcapillary-like structures on substrates. Bioceramic architecture was found to significantly affect microcapillary-like structure location and orientation. Microcapillary-like structures were found to form predominantly in grooves or between convexities. For all patterned samples, the CD31 (endothelial cell marker) signal was at least 2.5 times higher along grooves versus perpendicular to grooves. In addition, the average signal was at least two times higher within grooves than outside grooves for all samples. Grooves with a width of 330 μm and a depth of 300 μm resulted in the formation of individual, highly aligned microcapillary-like structures with lengths around 5 mm. Extensive literature has focused on the role of nano- and micro-topography (on the scale below tens of microns) on cellular response. However, the idea that architecture at a scale much larger than a cell could be used to modulate angiogenesis has not been systematically investigated. This work shows the crucial influence of architecture on microcapillary-like structure self-assembly at the scale of hundreds of microns. Elucidating the precise correspondence between architecture and microcapillary-like structure organization will ultimately allow the engineering of microvasculature by tuning local scaffold design to achieve desirable microvessel properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabella Gariboldi
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Butler
- Imaging Facility, Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Serena M. Best
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E. Cameron
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Tanimizu N. Identification and In Vitro Expansion of Adult Hepatocyte Progenitors from Chronically Injured Livers. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1940:267-273. [PMID: 30788832 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9086-3_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The liver performs a number of physiologically important functions. Hepatocytes are the liver parenchymal cells performing most of those functions. Therefore, it is important to recover functional hepatocytes after hepatic injury and prepare a mass of hepatocytes for regenerative medicine. We have found that mature hepatocytes dedifferentiate to hepatocyte progenitors in chronically injured mouse liver. Those hepatocyte progenitors can be isolated as CD24+EpCAM- cells from the CD31-CD45- fraction, which clonally proliferate and efficiently re-differentiate to functional hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Here, I describe the methods to isolate hepatocyte progenitors from chronically injured liver, to expand them in vitro, and to induce differentiation into functional hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tanimizu
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Kaushik G, Gil DA, Torr E, Berge ES, Soref C, Uhl P, Fontana G, Antosiewicz-Bourget J, Edington C, Schwartz MP, Griffith LG, Thomson JA, Skala MC, Daly WT, Murphy WL. Quantitative Label-Free Imaging of 3D Vascular Networks Self-Assembled in Synthetic Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801186. [PMID: 30565891 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization is an important strategy to overcome diffusion limits and enable the formation of complex, physiologically relevant engineered tissues and organoids. Self-assembly is a technique to generate in vitro vascular networks, but engineering the necessary network morphology and function remains challenging. Here, autofluorescence multiphoton microscopy (aMPM), a label-free imaging technique, is used to quantitatively evaluate in vitro vascular network morphology. Vascular networks are generated using human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells and primary human pericytes encapsulated in synthetic poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels. Two custom-built bioreactors are used to generate distinct fluid flow patterns during vascular network formation: recirculating flow or continuous flow. aMPM is used to image these 3D vascular networks without the need for fixation, labels, or dyes. Image processing and analysis algorithms are developed to extract quantitative morphological parameters from these label-free images. It is observed with aMPM that both bioreactors promote formation of vascular networks with lower network anisotropy compared to static conditions, and the continuous flow bioreactor induces more branch points compared to static conditions. Importantly, these results agree with trends observed with immunocytochemistry. These studies demonstrate that aMPM allows label-free monitoring of vascular network morphology to streamline optimization of growth conditions and provide quality control of engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kaushik
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Daniel A Gil
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Elizabeth Torr
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Berge
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Cheryl Soref
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Peyton Uhl
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Gianluca Fontana
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Collin Edington
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael P Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Linda G Griffith
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - James A Thomson
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Melissa C Skala
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - William T Daly
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Human Models for Analysis of Pathways (HMAPs) Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Gunin AG, Golubtzova NN. [Role of mechanosensitive protein Piezo1 in human age-dependent changes in the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels in human skin.]. Adv Gerontol 2019; 32:357-363. [PMID: 31512421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to examine the content of Piezo1 in fibroblasts and blood vessels of human dermis from the development until deep aging (from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 85 years old), and defining of a role of Piezo1 in age-dependent changes in the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels in the dermis. Piezo1, proliferating cells nuclear antigen (PCNA), endothelial cells marker CD31 were detected with indirect immunohistochemical technique. Results showed that a portion of fibroblasts with positive staining for Piezo1 in the dermis is decreased from 20 weeks of pregnancy to 40 years old. Percent of Piezo1 positive fibroblasts in dermis is increased sufficiently since 41 years old until 60-85 years old group. The content of Piezo1 in blood vessels in the human dermis is decreased sufficiently from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 40 years old. Age-related changes in the content of Piezo1 in fibroblasts and blood vessels is not associated with an age-related decrease in total number and percent of PCNA positive fibroblasts, the number of blood vessels in the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Gunin
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscowski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - N N Golubtzova
- Chuvash State University, 15 Moscowski pr., Cheboksary 428015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
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Shi P, Cao Y, Gao J, Fu B, Ren J, Ba L, Song C, Qi H, Huang W, Guan X, Sun H. Allicin improves the function of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells by increasing PECAM-1 in rats with cardiac hypertrophy. Phytomedicine 2018; 51:241-254. [PMID: 30466623 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac microvascular damage is significantly associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy (CH). Researchers found that allicin could inhibit CH, but the relationship between cardiac microvessel and the inhibition of allicin on CH has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the effect of allicin on the function of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in CH rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hemodynamic parameters were measured by BL-420F biological function experimental system and the indicators of the ventricular structure and function were measured by echocardiographic system. MTT assay was performed to assess the cell viability. Nitrite detection was performed to detect nitric oxide content. The morphology and molecular characteristics were detected by electron micrographs, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot. Wound healing experiment, analysis of tube formation and shear adaptation were performed to assess CMECs migration ability, angiogenesis and shear-responsiveness respectively. RESULT Our findings have identified that microvascular density was decreased by observing the expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in CH rats. Interestingly, allicin improved the distribution and expression of PECAM-1. Meanwhile, allicin enhanced the migration and angiogenesis ability of CMECs, activated PECAM-1-PI3K-AKT-eNOS signaling pathway, however, the role of allicin was disappear after PECAM-1 was silenced. Allicin decreased the expression of caspase-3 and receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3), inhibited necroptosis, and increased the levels of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β). Under 10 dyn/cm2 condition, allicin advanced the modification ability of CMECs's shear-adaptation by activating PECAM-1. CONCLUSION Allicin provided cardioprotection for CH rats by improving the function of CMECs through increasing the expression of PECAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, China
| | - Jingquan Gao
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Bowen Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Lina Ba
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Hanping Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Xueying Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
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Li L, Liu Y, Li H, Guo X, He X, Geng S, Zhao H, Peng X, Shi D, Xiong B, Zhou G, Zhao Y, Zheng C, Yang X. Rational design of temperature-sensitive blood-vessel-embolic nanogels for improving hypoxic tumor microenvironment after transcatheter arterial embolization. Theranostics 2018; 8:6291-6306. [PMID: 30613298 PMCID: PMC6299701 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) plays an important role in clinical tumor therapy by accomplishing vessel-casting embolization of tumor arteries at all levels and suppressing tumor collateral circulation and vascular re-canalization. In this study, we describe smart blood-vessel-embolic nanogels for improving the anti-tumor efficacy of TAE therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: In this study, an in vitro model composed of two microfluidic chips was used for simulating the tumor capillary network and analyzing artery-embolization properties. Also, blood-vessel-casting embolization of renal arteries was evaluated in normal rabbits. Using a VX2 tumor-bearing rabbit model, the therapeutic efficacy of TAE on HCC was investigated for tumor growth, necrosis, and proliferation. Neovascularization and collateral circulation were evaluated by immunofluorescent detection of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD31 following the TAE therapy of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits. Results: Sufficient embolization of all eight levels of micro-channels was achieved in a tumor-vessel-mimetic model with two microfluidic chips using PIBI-2240, and was further confirmed in renal arteries of normal rabbit. Effective inhibition of tumor collateral circulation and vascular re-canalization was observed in VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits due to the reduced expression levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, and CD31. Conclusions: The exceptional anti-tumor effect of PIBI-2240 observed in this study suggested that it is an excellent blood-vessel-embolic material for tumor TAE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shinan Geng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Xiaole Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Dingwen Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanbing Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan City, P. R. China
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Girard‐Bock C, de Araújo CC, Bertagnolli M, Mai‐Vo T, Vadivel A, Alphonse RS, Zhong S, Cloutier A, Sutherland MR, Thébaud B, Nuyt AM. Endothelial colony-forming cell therapy for heart morphological changes after neonatal high oxygen exposure in rats, a model of complications of prematurity. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13922. [PMID: 30485704 PMCID: PMC6260919 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Very preterm birth is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases and changes in myocardial structure. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of endothelial colony-forming cell (ECFC) treatment on heart morphological changes in the experimental model of neonatal high oxygen (O2 )-induced cardiomyopathy, mimicking prematurity-related conditions. Sprague-Dawley rat pups exposed to 95% O2 or room air (RA) from day 4 (P4) to day 14 (P14) were randomized to receive (jugular vein) exogenous human cord blood ECFC or vehicle at P14 (n = 5 RA-vehicle, n = 8 RA-ECFC, n = 8 O2 -vehicle and n = 7 O2 -ECFC) and the hearts collected at P28. Body and heart weights and heart to body weight ratio did not differ between groups. ECFC treatment prevented the increase in cardiomyocyte surface area in both the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles of the O2 group (O2 -ECFC vs. O2 -vehicle LV: 121 ± 13 vs. 179 ± 21 μm2 , RV: 118 ± 12 vs. 169 ± 21 μm2 ). In O2 rats, ECFC treatment was also associated with a significant reduction in interstitial fibrosis in both ventricles (O2 -ECFC vs. O2 -vehicle LV: 1.07 ± 0.47 vs. 1.68 ± 0.41% of surface area, RV: 1.01 ± 0.74 vs. 1.77 ± 0.67%) and in perivascular fibrosis in the LV (2.29 ± 0.47 vs. 3.85 ± 1.23%) but in not the RV (1.95 ± 0.95 vs. 2.74 ± 1.14), and with increased expression of angiogenesis marker CD31. ECFC treatment had no effect on cardiomyocyte surface area or on tissue fibrosis of RA rats. Human cord blood ECFC treatment prevented cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial and perivascular fibrosis observed after neonatal high O2 exposure. ECFC could constitute a new regenerative therapy against cardiac sequelae caused by deleterious conditions of prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Girard‐Bock
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Carla C. de Araújo
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Mariane Bertagnolli
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Present address:
Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord‐de‐l’Île‐de‐MontréalHôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal Research CenterUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Thuy‐An Mai‐Vo
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Arul Vadivel
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | | | - Shumei Zhong
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Anik Cloutier
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Megan R. Sutherland
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
- Present address:
Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of PediatricsSainte‐Justine University Hospital Research CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada
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Zhou L, Niu X, Liang J, Li J, Li J, Cheng Y, Meng Y, Wang Q, Yang X, Wang G, Shi Y, Dang E, Zhang K. Efficient differentiation of vascular endothelial cells from dermal-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by endothelial cell lines conditioned medium. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:734-740. [PMID: 30143315 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To directionally-differentiate dermis-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) into vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in vitro, providing an experimental basis for studies on the pathogenesis and treatment of vascular diseases. METHODS After separation by adherent culture, VEC line supernatant, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenetic protein-4 and hypoxia were used for the differentiation of VECs from DMSCs. The cell type was authenticated by flow cytometry, matrigel angiogenesis assay in vitro, and immunofluorescent staining during differentiation. The VEGF concentration was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS After 28 days of differentiation, the cell surface marker CD31 was significantly positive (80%-90%) by flow cytometry in the VEC line-conditioned culture, which was significantly higher than in the other groups. Differentiated DMSCs had the ability to ingest Dil-ac-LDL and vascularize in the conditioned culture, but not in the other groups. In the VEC line supernatant, the concentration of VEGF was very low. The VEGF concentration changed along with the differentiation into VECs in the medium of the conditioned culture group. CONCLUSION VEC line supernatant can induce the differentiation of DMSCs into VECs, possibly through the pathway except VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Xuping Niu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Jiannan Liang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Junqin Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Jiao Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Yueai Cheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Yanfeng Meng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Qiang Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1)
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 Changle Road West, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 Changle Road West, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cell for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Centre Hospital, No. 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China(1).
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Lai B, Li Z, He M, Wang Y, Chen L, Zhang J, Yang Y, Shyy JYJ. Atheroprone flow enhances the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H1293-H1303. [PMID: 30052471 PMCID: PMC6297807 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00213.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a cellular process featuring decreased expression of endothelial marker genes but increased expression of mesenchymal marker genes. The EndoMT is involved in endothelial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. To investigate the dynamic expression of EndoMT genes in vascular endothelial cells under atheroprotective pulsatile shear stress (PS) and atheroprone oscillatory shear stress (OS), we analyzed RNA sequencing data from multitimepoint shear-stress experiments. This unbiased analysis involving next-generation sequencing confirmed that PS and OS had an opposite effect in regulating EndoMT genes. Further experimental validations with H2O2 and gain- and loss-of-function approaches indicated that reactive oxygen species are involved in OS-induced EndoMT, whereas AMP-activated protein kinase and sirtuin-1 could inhibit OS-induced EndoMT. Furthermore, compared with PS, OS increased the DNA methylation of the promoter regions of von Willebrand factor, CD31, and cadherin 5 genes but decreased that of cadherin 2, fibroblast-specific protein 1, and vimentin. The translational implication of the present study builds on the ability of the antidiabetic drug metformin and cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin to suppress the EndoMT in cultured endothelial cells and in mouse aortas. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our RNA sequencing data provided a genome-wide and unbiased view of the shear stress regulation of the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in the endothelium. Furthermore, epigenetic regulation (e.g., DNA methylation) is a key mechanism involved in shear stress-regulated EndoMT. The translational implication of this study is that cardiovascular medications such as statins and metformin have similar beneficial effects as that of atheroprotective flow by mitigating EndoMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochang Lai
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
- Institute for Cancer Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Zhao Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
| | - Ming He
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Yili Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi China
- Institute for Cancer Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - Lili Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi China
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi , China
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Villar J, Zhang H, Slutsky AS. Lung Repair and Regeneration in ARDS: Role of PECAM1 and Wnt Signaling. Chest 2018; 155:587-594. [PMID: 30392791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ARDS is an acute inflammatory pulmonary process triggered by severe pulmonary and systemic insults to the alveolar-capillary membrane. This causes increased vascular permeability and the development of interstitial and alveolar protein-rich edema, leading to acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Supportive treatment includes the use of lung-protective ventilatory strategies that decrease the work of breathing, can improve oxygenation, and minimize ventilator-induced lung injury. Despite substantial advances in supportive measures, there are no specific pharmacologic treatments for ARDS, and the overall hospital mortality rate remains about 40% in most series. The pathophysiology of ARDS involves interactions among multiple mechanisms, including immune cell infiltration, cytokine storm, alveolar-capillary barrier disruption, cell apoptosis, and the development of fibrosis. Here we review some new developments in the molecular basis of lung injury, with a focus on possible novel pharmacologic interventions aimed at improving the outcomes of patients with ARDS. Our focus is on platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, which contributes to the maintenance and restoration of vascular integrity following barrier disruption. We also highlight the wingless-related integration site signaling pathway, which appears to be a central mechanism for lung healing as well as for fibrotic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Villar
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Multidisciplinary Organ Dysfunction Evaluation Research Network, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Anesthesia and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arthur S Slutsky
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Duan Z, Cai H, Zhang H, Chen K, Li N, Xu Z, Gong Q, Luo K. PEGylated Multistimuli-Responsive Dendritic Prodrug-Based Nanoscale System for Enhanced Anticancer Activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:35770-35783. [PMID: 30246536 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A PEGylated multistimuli-responsive dendritic copolymer-doxorubicin (DOX) prodrug-based nanoscale system was developed as a delivery model for hydrophobic drugs. In this system, PEGylation did not only prolong circulation of the nanoscale system in the body (average half-life of 14.6 h, four times longer than that of the free drug), but also allowed the system to aggregate into nanoparticles (NPs) because of interactions between hydrophilic (polyethylene glycol) and hydrophobic (dendritic prodrug) moieties for better uptake through endocytosis (around 150 nm of particle size with a neutrally charged surface for the PEGylated dendritic prodrug with 12.1 wt % of DOX). The dendritic structure was built by bridging poly[ N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] segments with enzyme-responsive GFLG (Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly tetrapeptide) linkers. DOX was released by hydrolyzing the hydrazone bond between DOX and the copolymer framework in the acidic endosomes/lysosomes. In vitro studies on DOX released from the NPs induced mitochondrial dysfunction during apoptosis. By imaging the main organs and tumor tissues from mice treated with the NPs, boosted accumulation of this nanoscale medicine was found in tumor tissues, leading to a decrease in toxicity and side effects to normal tissues and enhancement in drug tolerance. In the 4T1 breast cancer model, these NPs exhibited a superior antitumor efficacy confirmed by inhibiting angiogenesis, proliferation of tumor tissues, and inducing procedural apoptosis of tumor cells. The highest tumor growth inhibition value mediated by the NPs was up to 86.5%. Therefore, this PEGylated multistimuli-responsive dendritic copolymer-DOX prodrug-based nanoscale system may be further explored as an alternative to traditional chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocess Centre , Keck Graduate Institute , Claremont , California 91711 , United States
| | | | - Ning Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | | | | | - Kui Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
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Ecklu-Mensah G, Olsen RW, Bengtsson A, Ofori MF, Hviid L, Jensen ATR, Adams Y. Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) as a novel tool for studying adhesion of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204177. [PMID: 30300360 PMCID: PMC6177148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of suitable animal models for the study of cytoadhesion of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) has necessitated in vitro studies employing a range of cell lines of either human tumour origin (e.g., BeWo and C32 cells) or non-human origin (e.g., CHO cells). Of the human cells available, many were isolated from adults, or derived from a pool of donors (e.g., HBEC-5i). Here we demonstrate, for the first time, the successful isolation of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) from frozen stabilates of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from small-volume peripheral blood samples from paediatric malaria patients. BOECs are a sub-population of human endothelial cells, found within the peripheral blood. We demonstrate that these cells express receptors such as Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1/CD54), Endothelial Protein C Receptor (EPCR/CD201), platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1/CD31), Thrombomodulin (CD141), and support adhesion of P. falciparum IEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology (ISIM), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca W. Olsen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology (ISIM), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Bengtsson
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology (ISIM), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael F. Ofori
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Lars Hviid
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology (ISIM), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja T. R. Jensen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology (ISIM), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yvonne Adams
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology (ISIM), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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128
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Skachkov I, Luan Y, van Tiel ST, van der Steen AFW, de Jong N, Bernsen MR, Kooiman K. SPIO labeling of endothelial cells using ultrasound and targeted microbubbles at diagnostic pressures. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204354. [PMID: 30235336 PMCID: PMC6147550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo cell tracking of therapeutic, tumor, and endothelial cells is an emerging field and a promising technique for imaging cardiovascular disease and cancer development. Site-specific labeling of endothelial cells with the MRI contrast agent superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in the absence of toxic agents is challenging. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to find optimal parameters for efficient and safe SPIO-labeling of endothelial cells using ultrasound-activated CD31-targeted microbubbles for future MRI tracking. Ultrasound at a frequency of 1 MHz (10,000 cycles, repetition rate of 20 Hz) was used for varying applied peak negative pressures (10–160 kPa, i.e. low mechanical index (MI) of 0.01–0.16), treatment durations (0–30 s), time of SPIO addition (-5 min– 15 min with respect to the start of the ultrasound), and incubation time after SPIO addition (5 min– 3 h). Iron specific Prussian Blue staining in combination with calcein-AM based cell viability assays were applied to define the most efficient and safe conditions for SPIO-labeling. Optimal SPIO labeling was observed when the ultrasound parameters were 40 kPa peak negative pressure (MI 0.04), applied for 30 s just before SPIO addition (0 min). Compared to the control, this resulted in an approximate 12 times increase of SPIO uptake in endothelial cells in vitro with 85% cell viability. Therefore, ultrasound-activated targeted ultrasound contrast agents show great potential for effective and safe labeling of endothelial cells with SPIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Skachkov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ying Luan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra T. van Tiel
- Department of Radiology & Nucleair Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antonius F. W. van der Steen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Nico de Jong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Monique R. Bernsen
- Department of Radiology & Nucleair Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Klazina Kooiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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129
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Abstract
Existing methods for measuring the response of individual platelets to stimulation are limited. They either measure each platelet at one discrete time-point (flow cytometry) or rely on adhesive ligands to immobilize platelets that concomitantly generate activation signals (microscopy). Such methods of immobilization make it impossible to assess resting platelets, the changes that occur as platelets transition from resting to active states, or the signals generated by soluble agonists, such as ADP and thrombin, or by mechanical stimulus, independently from those generated by the adhesive ligand. Here we describe a microscopy method that allows the immobilization of platelets to a glass cover slip without triggering platelet activation. This method makes use of specific antibodies that bind platelet PECAM-1 without activating it. Platelets can therefore be immobilized to PECAM-1 antibody coated biochips without causing activation and perfused with agonists or inhibitors. Using this method, platelets can be stimulated by an array of soluble agonists at any concentration or combination, in the presence or absence of inhibitors or shear forces. This chapter describes in detail this PECAM-1 mediated immobilized platelet method and its use for measuring changes in Ca2+ signaling in individual platelets under a number of different conditions. While we focus on the measurement of Ca2+ dynamics in this chapter, it is important to consider that the basic method we describe will easily lend its self to other measures of platelet activation (integrin activation, shape change, actin dynamics, degranulation), and may, therefore, be used to measure almost any facet of platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Bye
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Zeki Ilkan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Amanda J Unsworth
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Chris I Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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Ojansivu M, Mishra A, Vanhatupa S, Juntunen M, Larionova A, Massera J, Miettinen S. The effect of S53P4-based borosilicate glasses and glass dissolution products on the osteogenic commitment of human adipose stem cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202740. [PMID: 30153295 PMCID: PMC6112657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the good performance of silicate bioactive glasses in bone regeneration, there is considerable potential to enhance their properties by chemical modifications. In this study, S53P4-based borosilicate glasses were synthesized and their dissolution profile was studied in simulated body fluid by assessing pH change, ion release and conversion to hydroxyapatite. The viability, proliferation, attachment, osteogenesis and endothelial marker expression of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) was evaluated upon direct culture on glass discs and in the extract medium. This is the first study evaluating cell behavior in response to borosilicate glasses based on S53P4 (commercially available as BonAlive®). Replacing silicate with borate in S53P4 increased the glass reactivity. Despite the good viability of hASCs under all conditions, direct culture of cells on borosilicate discs and in undiluted extract medium reduced cell proliferation. This was accompanied with changes in cell morphology. Regarding osteogenic commitment, alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly reduced by the borosilicate glass discs and extracts, whereas the expression of osteogenic markers RUNX2a, OSTERIX, DLX5 and OSTEOPONTIN was upregulated. There was also a borosilicate glass-induced increase in osteocalcin protein production. Moreover, osteogenic supplements containing borosilicate extracts significantly increased the mineral production in comparison to the osteogenic medium control. Interestingly, borosilicate glasses stimulated the expression of endothelial markers vWF and PECAM-1. To conclude, our results reveal that despite reducing hASC proliferation, S53P4-based borosilicate glasses and their dissolution products stimulate osteogenic commitment and upregulate endothelial markers, thus supporting their further evaluation for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miina Ojansivu
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ayush Mishra
- Faculty of Biomedical Science and Engineering and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sari Vanhatupa
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Miia Juntunen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antonina Larionova
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jonathan Massera
- Faculty of Biomedical Science and Engineering and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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131
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Nakagawa K, Yamada H, Mori H, Toyama K, Takahashi K. Comparison between optical coherence tomography angiography and immunolabeling for evaluation of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201958. [PMID: 30092067 PMCID: PMC6084993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the differences between images obtained by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with those from immunohistochemical labeling of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a mouse model. CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation (GYC-2000, NIDEK; wavelength 532 nm) in the left eyes of 10 female C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks. The laser parameters included a 100-μm spot, 100-ms pulse duration and 200-mW incident power to rupture Bruch’s membrane. OCT and OCTA CNV images were obtained using the RS-3000 Advance (NIDEK) 5 days post-laser photocoagulation. After OCTA imaging, the isolated choroid/retinal pigment epithelium complexes were fluorescently labeled with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker), platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ, a pericyte-like scaffold marker), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I. Area measurements of the lesions obtained by enface OCTA were compared with immunolabeled CD31+ CNV lesions in choroid flat-mounts. We also examined structural correlations between the PDGFRβ+ pericyte-like scaffold and OCTA images. Laser-induced CNV was clearly detected by enface OCTA, appearing as a hyperflow lesion surrounded by a dark halo. Area measurements of the CNV lesion by immunolabeling were significantly larger than those obtained by enface OCTA (p = 0.006). The CNV lesion beneath the periphery of the pericyte-like scaffold was not clearly visible by enface OCTA due to the dark halo; however, the lesion was detectable as blood flow by cross-sectional OCTA and was also highly labeled by CD31. The periphery of the pericyte-like scaffold appeared to develop into subretinal fibrosis and this region was rich in myofibroblasts. Enface OCTA was unable to detect the entire area of laser-induced CNV in mice, with an undetectable portion located beneath the fibrotic periphery of the pericyte-like scaffold. Due to this OCTA fibrosis artifact, OCTA imaging has limited potential for accurately estimating CNV lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nakagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Haruhiko Yamada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiko Toyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanji Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroids such as glucocorticoid have been widely used for their excellent anti-inflammatory, anti-immune, and anti-shock properties. However, the long-term use in high doses has been found to cause necrosis of femoral head and other serious adverse reactions. Thus, it is of great importance to safely use these medications on patients without inducing bone necrosis. METHODS In this preclinical study, we examined the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) to attenuate the induction of steroid-induced femoral bone necrosis using rats to build up the in-vivo models. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: negative control group (group A), disease group (group B), and EPO group (group C). 20 mg/kg methylprednisolone was administrated into group B and group C for 6 weeks with two intramuscular injections per week per rat. Group C was further given daily intraperitoneal injections of rHuEPO during this period. Group A received only injection of saline at the same schedule. 12 weeks after the initial drug administration, the rats' femoral tissues were harvested for HE staining, immunohistochemistry studies for PECAM-1(also CD31) expression and Western Blotting for VEGF expression. RESULTS Histology studies showed that compared with the disease group, EPO group had significant improvement and bone morphology being much closer to the negative control group. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that EPO group had statistically much more expression of PECAM-1 than the other groups did. Western Blot demonstrated that the EPO group had significantly higher VEGF expression than the disease group. CONCLUSION Results suggested that simultaneous injection of EPO could partially prevent steroid-induced ANFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qing Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Xibei Street No.41 Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Jiang Pang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Xibei Street No.41 Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren-Jie Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital/The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 26, Daoqian Street, Suzhou, 215000 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Crespo J, Wu K, Li W, Kryczek I, Maj T, Vatan L, Wei S, Opipari AW, Zou W. Human Naive T Cells Express Functional CXCL8 and Promote Tumorigenesis. J Immunol 2018; 201:814-820. [PMID: 29802127 PMCID: PMC6039239 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Naive T cells are thought to be functionally quiescent. In this study, we studied and compared the phenotype, cytokine profile, and potential function of human naive CD4+ T cells in umbilical cord and peripheral blood. We found that naive CD4+ T cells, but not memory T cells, expressed high levels of chemokine CXCL8. CXCL8+ naive T cells were preferentially enriched CD31+ T cells and did not express T cell activation markers or typical Th effector cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and IL-22. In addition, upon activation, naive T cells retained high levels of CXCL8 expression. Furthermore, we showed that naive T cell-derived CXCL8 mediated neutrophil migration in the in vitro migration assay, supported tumor sphere formation, and promoted tumor growth in an in vivo human xenograft model. Thus, human naive T cells are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous and can carry out active functions in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Crespo
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ilona Kryczek
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Tomasz Maj
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Linda Vatan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Anthony W Opipari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and
- Graduate Program in Tumor Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Conti S, Vexler A, Edry-Botzer L, Kalich-Philosoph L, Corn BW, Shtraus N, Meir Y, Hagoel L, Shtabsky A, Marmor S, Earon G, Lev-Ari S. Combined acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid and radiation treatment inhibited glioblastoma tumor cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198627. [PMID: 29969452 PMCID: PMC6029770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive subtype of malignant gliomas. The current standard of care for newly diagnosed GBM patients involves maximal surgical debulking, followed by radiation therapy and temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite the advances in GBM therapy, its outcome remains poor with a median survival of less than two years. This poor outcome is partly due to the ability of GBM tumors to acquire adaptive resistance to therapy and in particular to radiation. One of the mechanisms contributing to GBM tumor progression and resistance is an aberrant activation of NF-ĸB, a family of inducible transcription factors that play a pivotal role in regulation of many immune, inflammatory and carcinogenic responses. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is a pentacyclic terpenoid extracted from the gum Ayurvedic therapeutic plant Boswellia serrata. AKBA is anti-inflammatory agent that exhibits potent cytotoxic activities against various types of tumors including GBM. One of the mechanisms underlying AKBA anti-tumor activity is its ability to modulate the NF-ĸB signaling pathway. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo the effect of combining AKBA with ionizing radiation in the treatment of GBM and assessed AKBA anti-tumor activity and radio-enhancing potential. The effect of AKBA and/or radiation on the survival of cultured glioblastoma cancer cells was evaluated by XTT assay. The mode of interaction of treatments tested was calculated using CalcuSyn software. Inducing of apoptosis following AKBA treatment was evaluated using flow cytometry. The effect of combined treatment on the expression of PARP protein was analysed by Western blot assay. Ectopic (subcutaneous) GBM model in nude mice was used for the evaluation of the effect of combined treatment on tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor sections was used to assess treatment-related changes in Ki-67, CD31, p53, Bcl-2 and NF-ĸB-inhibitor IĸB-α. AKBA treatment was found to inhibit the survival of all four tested cell lines in a dose dependent manner. The combined treatment resulted in a more significant inhibitory effect compared to the effect of treatment with radiation alone. A synergistic effect was detected in some of the tested cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining of AKBA treated cells indicated induction of apoptosis. AKBA apoptotic activity was also confirmed by PARP cleavage detected by Western blot analysis. The combined treatment suppressed tumor growth in vivo compared to no treatment and each treatment alone. Immunohistochemical analysis showed anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activity of AKBA in vivo. It also demonstrated a decrease in p53 nuclear staining and in Bcl-2 staining and an increase in IĸB-α staining following AKBA treatment both alone and in combination with radiotherapy. In this study, we demonstrated that AKBA exerts potent anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity, and significantly inhibits both the survival of glioblastoma cells in vitro and the growth of tumors generated by these cells. Combination of AKBA with radiotherapy was found to inhibit factors which involved in cell death regulation, tumor progression and radioresistence, therefore it may serve as a novel approach for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefora Conti
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Akiva Vexler
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Edry-Botzer
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lital Kalich-Philosoph
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Benjamin W. Corn
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Natan Shtraus
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaron Meir
- Institute of Radiotherapy, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Hagoel
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Shtabsky
- Pathology Department, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sylvia Marmor
- Pathology Department, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gideon Earon
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- Laboratory of Herbal Medicine and Cancer Research, Institute of Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Li ZH, Li YY, Hou M, Yang T, Lu LC, Xu XY. Topically applied hypericin exhibits skin penetrability on nude mice. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1279-1286. [PMID: 29915976 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypericin, a powerful natural photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT), is suitable for treating skin diseases involving excess capillary proliferation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the skin penetrability of topically applied hypericin, expecting a reduced risk of prolonged skin photosensitivity, which often occurs after systemic administration. Firstly, the Franz diffusion cell assays were performed to evaluate the penetration effects of different enhancers, including menthol, propylene glycol, camphanone, azone, and carbamide. In view of above evaluation results, we selected menthol as the enhancer in the subsequent in vivo studies. The setting groups were as follows: the blank control group, the light-exposure control group, the gel-base control group, the hypericin gel group, and a hypericin gel-containing menthol group. Except for the blank control, all other animals were irradiated by a LED light. Then, fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine the distribution of hypericin in the skin of nude mouse. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were also carried out to detect pathological changes in the skin after topical hypericin-PDT treatment. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression change of PECAM-1. As shown in the results, menthol facilitated hypericin penetrate the skin of nude mice most. The results of in vivo assays revealed that hypericin penetrated nude mouse skin, spread to the dermis, and resulted in obvious photosensitivity reaction on the dermal capillaries. Moreover, skin injured by the photosensitive reaction induced by hypericin-PDT treatment was replaced by normal skin within 7 days. We concluded that topical applied hypericin could penetrate nude mouse skin well and has a great potential in PDT treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Heng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica - the Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2215B Garland Avenue LH1275 MRB-4, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Lai-Chun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica - the Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Xu R, Yallowitz A, Qin A, Wu Z, Shin DY, Kim JM, Debnath S, Ji G, Bostrom MP, Yang X, Zhang C, Dong H, Kermani P, Lalani S, Li N, Liu Y, Poulos MG, Wach A, Zhang Y, Inoue K, Di Lorenzo A, Zhao B, Butler JM, Shim JH, Glimcher LH, Greenblatt MB. Targeting skeletal endothelium to ameliorate bone loss. Nat Med 2018; 24:823-833. [PMID: 29785024 PMCID: PMC5992080 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified a specialized subset of CD31hiendomucinhi (CD31hiEMCNhi) vascular endothelium that positively regulates bone formation. However, it remains unclear how CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium levels are coupled to anabolic bone formation. Mice with an osteoblast-specific deletion of Shn3, which have markedly elevated bone formation, demonstrated an increase in CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium. Transcriptomic analysis identified SLIT3 as an osteoblast-derived, SHN3-regulated proangiogenic factor. Genetic deletion of Slit3 reduced skeletal CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium, resulted in low bone mass because of impaired bone formation and partially reversed the high bone mass phenotype of Shn3-/- mice. This coupling between osteoblasts and CD31hiEMCNhi endothelium is essential for bone healing, as shown by defective fracture repair in SLIT3-mutant mice and enhanced fracture repair in SHN3-mutant mice. Finally, administration of recombinant SLIT3 both enhanced bone fracture healing and counteracted bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Thus, drugs that target the SLIT3 pathway may represent a new approach for vascular-targeted osteoanabolic therapy to treat bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alisha Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dong Yeon Shin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shawon Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gang Ji
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mathias P Bostrom
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xu Yang
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Han Dong
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pouneh Kermani
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarfaraz Lalani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael G Poulos
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Wach
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kazuki Inoue
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Laurie H Glimcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Joddar B, Kumar SA, Kumar A. A Contact-Based Method for Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into an Endothelial Cell-Phenotype. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 76:187-195. [PMID: 28942575 PMCID: PMC5866207 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are known to possess the ability to augment neovascularization processes and are thus widely popular as an autologous source of progenitor cells. However there is a huge gap in our current knowledge of mechanisms involved in differentiating MSC into endothelial cells (EC), essential for lining engineered blood vessels. To fill up this gap, we attempted to differentiate human MSC into EC, by culturing the former onto chemically fixed layers of EC or its ECM, respectively. We expected direct contact of MSC when cultured atop fixed EC or its ECM, would coax the former to differentiate into EC. Results showed that human MSC cultured atop chemically fixed EC or its ECM using EC-medium showed enhanced expression of CD31, a marker for EC, compared to other cases. Further in all human MSC cultured using EC-medium, typically characteristic cobble stone shaped morphologies were noted in comparison to cells cultured using MSC medium, implying that the differentiated cells were sensitive to soluble VEGF supplementation present in the EC-medium. Results will enhance and affect therapies utilizing autologous MSC as a cell source for generating vascular cells to be used in a variety of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binata Joddar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - Shweta Anil Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
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Halaidych OV, Freund C, van den Hil F, Salvatori DCF, Riminucci M, Mummery CL, Orlova VV. Inflammatory Responses and Barrier Function of Endothelial Cells Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:1642-1656. [PMID: 29657098 PMCID: PMC5995303 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported endothelial cell (EC) derivation from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). However, few have explored their functional properties in depth with respect to line-to-line and batch-to-batch variability and how they relate to primary ECs. We therefore carried out accurate characterization of hiPSC-derived ECs (hiPSC-ECs) from multiple (non-integrating) hiPSC lines and compared them with primary ECs in various functional assays, which included barrier function using real-time impedance spectroscopy with an integrated assay of electric wound healing, endothelia-leukocyte interaction under physiological flow to mimic inflammation and angiogenic responses in in vitro and in vivo assays. Overall, we found many similarities but also some important differences between hiPSC-derived and primary ECs. Assessment of vasculogenic responses in vivo showed little difference between primary ECs and hiPSC-ECs with regard to functional blood vessel formation, which may be important in future regenerative medicine applications requiring vascularization. Side-by-side comparison of hiPSC and primary ECs in standardized assays Barrier function and inflammatory responses highly consistent among hiPSC-ECs hiPSC-ECs on differentiation day 10 were similar across independent batches and lines hiPSC-ECs are more limited in stromal cell requirements than primary ECs
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh V Halaidych
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Freund
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francijna van den Hil
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria V Orlova
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Meng X, Chen M, Su W, Tao X, Sun M, Zou X, Ying R, Wei W, Wang B. The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to vascular cells regulated by the HMGB1/RAGE axis: its application in cell therapy for transplant arteriosclerosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:85. [PMID: 29615103 PMCID: PMC5883535 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation shows promise for treating transplant arteriosclerosis, at least partly via promoting endothelial regeneration. However, the efficacy and safety are still under investigation especially regarding recent findings that neointimal smooth muscle cells are derived from MSC-like cells. The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) axis is involved in regulating proliferation, migration, and differentiation of MSCs, and therefore it can be presumably applied to improve the outcome of cell therapy. The aim of the current study was to investigate this hypothesis. METHODS Rat MSCs were treated with HMGB1 or modified with HMGB1 vectors to activate the HMGB1/RAGE axis. RAGE was targeted and inhibited by specific short hairpin RNA vectors. We assessed the capacity for cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation after vector transfection in vitro and in a rat model of transplant arteriosclerosis. The expression of CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) was determined to evaluate the differentiation of MSCs to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. RESULTS Exogenous HMGB1 treatment and transfection with HMGB1 vectors promoted MSC migration and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced differentiation to CD31+ cells while inhibiting their proliferation and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced differentiation to αSMA+ cells. Such an effect was blocked by RAGE knockdown. HMGB1-modified cells preferably migrated to graft neointima and differentiated to CD31+ cells along with significant relief of transplant arteriosclerosis and inhibition of HMGB1 and RAGE expression in graft vessels. RAGE knockdown inhibited cell migration to graft vessels. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 stimulated MSCs to migrate and differentiate to endothelial cells via RAGE signaling, which we translated to successful application in cell therapy for transplant arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Su
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongchao Ying
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China.
| | - Baolin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China.
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Xing J, He W, Ding YW, Li Y, Li YD. Correlation between Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Microvessel Density via CD31 and CD34 in a rabbit VX2 lung peripheral tumor model. Med Ultrason 2018; 1:37-42. [PMID: 29400366 DOI: 10.11152/mu-1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the tumor angiogenesis in lung peripheral VX2 tumor model by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to determine the correlation between CEUS parameters and microvessel density (MVD) calculated via CD31 and CD34 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS VX2 pulmonary tumors were created in eight Japanese white rabbits by implanting a VX2 sarcoma into the lower portion of the right lung through ultrasound guidance. Tumors were allowed to grow for 14-21 days to achieve a diameter of 7-15 mm, and were examined by CEUS using a SonoVue contrast agent. The results were recorded as digital video images, and the time-intensity curves and hemodynamic parameters were analyzed. Pathological tumor specimens were immediately obtained after the ultrasound examinations. Tumor specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and expressed as CD31 and CD34. The different endothelial cell markers were determined by immunohistochemical staining. MVD was calculated via CD 31 and CD34, and the relationship between CEUS parameters and MVD was analyzed. RESULTS Two distinct types of microvessels were identified in lung peripheral VX2 tumors: differentiated (CD34+) and undifferentiated (CD31+) vessels. A significant correlation was found between CEUS parameters and undifferentiated MVD (CD31+ vessels) in lung peripheral VX2 tumors (p<0.05). A reverse correlation was observed between different MVDs. CONCLUSIONS Two different degrees of differentiation of vascular endothelial cells (CD31 and CD34) exist in the rabbit lung peripheral VX2 tumor model. CD31 MVD can more effectively evaluate tumor angiogenesis compared with CD34 MVD. CEUS, as a non-invasive imaging method, can effectively evaluate tumor angiogenesis in rabbit peripheral lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xing
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Wen He
- Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University.
| | - Yi-Wen Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Yan-Dong Li
- Department of Pathology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
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Yan Z, Shi H, Zhu R, Li L, Qin B, Kang L, Chen H, Guan H. Inhibition of YAP ameliorates choroidal neovascularization via inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. Mol Vis 2018; 24:83-93. [PMID: 29422766 PMCID: PMC5800432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central visual loss among patients over the age of 55 years worldwide. Neovascular-type AMD (nAMD) accounts for approximately 10% of patients with AMD and is characterized by choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The proliferation of choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) is one important step in the formation of new vessels. Transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) can promote the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, corneal endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, which participate in angiogenesis. This study intends to reveal the expression and functions of YAP during the CNV process. Methods In the study, a mouse CNV model was generated by laser photocoagulation. YAP expression was detected with western blotting and immunohistochemistry. YAP siRNA and ranibizumab, a VEGF monoclonal antibody, were injected intravitreally in CNV mice. The YAP and VEGF expression levels after injection were detected with western blotting. The incidence and leakage area of CNV were measured with fundus fluorescein angiography, choroidal flat mounting, and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in CNV mice without or with YAP siRNA intravitreal injection and the colocalization of PCNA and CD31 were measured with western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining, respectively. Results YAP expression increased following laser exposure, in accordance with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. YAP siRNA and ranibizumab decreased VEGF expression and the incidence and leakage area of CNV. YAP was localized in the vascular endothelium within the CNV site. Additionally, after laser exposure, YAP siRNA inhibited the increased expression of PCNA, which was colocalized with endothelial cells. Conclusions This study showed that YAP upregulation promoted CNV formation by upregulating the proliferation of endothelial cells, providing evidence for the molecular mechanisms of CNV and suggesting a novel molecular target for nAMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Haihong Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Lele Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Bai Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
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Abstract
Purpose To characterize the relationship between endothelin-1 and fibrosis in epiretinal membranes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and explore the role of endothelial-mesenchymal transition in these membranes. Methods Membranes were obtained from eyes undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for complicated proliferative diabetic retinopathy or idiopathic epiretinal membrane. Through standard immunohistochemical techniques, we labeled membranes to explore the distribution of endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor B, comparing proliferative diabetic retinopathy and idiopathic epiretinal membranes. In addition, membranes were also labeled with markers for fibroblasts, endothelial, and glial cells and studied with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The intensity of endothelin-1 labeling was quantified using standard image analysis software. Results Fourteen membranes were included in the analysis, nine from eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and five idiopathic membranes. Flatmount diabetic membranes showed co-localization of endothelin-1 with S100A4 and CD31. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative analysis of cross-sectional membranes showed significantly higher endothelin-1 labeling in proliferative diabetic retinopathy membranes compared to idiopathic membranes (p<0.05). Diabetic membranes showed more elements staining positive for S100A4 compared to idiopathic membranes. Conclusion Epiretinal membrane formation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy involves higher tissue levels of endothelin-1 and fibroblastic activity. Furthermore, endothelin-1, endothelial and fibroblastic staining appear to be correlated, suggestive of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Michelle Lajko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Amani A. Fawzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Novac MV, Niculescu M, Manolea MM, Dijmărescu AL, Iliescu DG, Novac MB, Rotaru LT, Stoenescu MF, Tabacu MC, Tudorache Ş, Busuioc CJ, Gheonea IA. Placental findings in pregnancies complicated with IUGR - histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018; 59:715-720. [PMID: 30534809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Placental lesions and placental ischemia are typical elements of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The aim of this study is to analyze histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) changes in the placentas of IUGR fetuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, 126 placentas from small for gestational age (SGA) pregnancies (newborns with birth weight <10th percentile) that formed the study group and 31 placentas from pregnancies without SGA representing control group, were included. Placentas were examined according to standard protocol. Histopathological and IHC examinations of placentas were performed for analysis. RESULTS A certain type of lesion of placental injury is increased in placentas from SGA pregnancies. These placental lesions were placental infarction (over 5%), increased syncytial knots, intervillous fibrinoid deposition, villous thrombohematoma. Other common placental lesions were probably related to fetal adaptation to placental ischemia or represent a placental change characteristic of pregnancy evolution. CONCLUSIONS It seems that although IUGR∕SGA fetuses are more commonly associated with histological placental abnormalities, it cannot be established whether these abnormalities certainly contribute to IUGR, as there are no specific placental lesions in SGA placentas. Pseudo-angiomatous aspect, associated with increased syncytial knots, was specific for vascular hypoxia. Especially the magnitude of modifications of the placental structure beyond the qualitative modifications, which also lead to functional changes, are involved in this pathology of pregnancy, the onset of lesions being triggered at the level of stem villi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Violeta Novac
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; ; Research Center for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
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144
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Abstract
Whole mount immunofluorescence is a valuable technique that can be used to visualize vascular networks in early developing embryonic tissues. This technique involves the permeabilization of fixed mouse embryos and yolk sacs, and primary antibody tagging of the endothelial cell marker platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (Pecam-1). A secondary antibody tagged with a fluorophore targets the primary antibody, fluorescently labeling endothelial cells and revealing vascular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Roy
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G0A4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Genetics & Genome Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Delgado-Olguin
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G0A4, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centres of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, 6 Queen's Park Cres W, Toronto, ON, M5S3H2, Canada.
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145
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Li Y, Bai H, Wang H, Shen Y, Tang G, Ping Y. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanomedicine for RNAi-based cancer therapy. Nanoscale 2017; 10:203-214. [PMID: 29210417 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although much effort has been dedicated to the development of efficient siRNA delivery for cancer therapy, delivery nanomaterials that can particularly respond to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are overproduced in the tissue and mitochondria of cancer cells, are still rare for the clinical translation of RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapy. To this end, we developed a ROS-responsive boronic vehicle with a lipid envelope for systemic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) siRNA delivery so as to improve RNAi cancer therapy. We found that the efficiency of siRNA delivery largely relied on the ROS responsiveness of the carrier we have developed to mediate timely siRNA release, the PEG-functionalized lipid layer to shield the surface charge of polyplexes as well as the ability of the phenylboronic moiety to stabilize siRNA. The unique carrier nanostructure provides the efficient systemic transportation of siRNA to the tumor site for effective knockdown of the VEGF, which resulted in a significant antiangiogenesis effect and the effective inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. The current study defines a new systemic delivery strategy for siRNA by cooperatively integrating multifunctional lipid coatings with the ROS-responsive boronic polymer, which may potentially benefit RNAi-based therapy in the dawning era of precision nanomedicine for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China.
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146
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Eich G, Bartosova M, Tischer C, Wlodkowski TT, Schaefer B, Pichl S, Kraewer N, Ranchin B, Vondrak K, Liebau MC, Hackert T, Schmitt CP. Bicarbonate buffered peritoneal dialysis fluid upregulates angiopoietin-1 and promotes vessel maturation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189903. [PMID: 29253861 PMCID: PMC5734783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ultrafiltration decline is a progressive issue for patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) and can be caused by peritoneal angiogenesis induced by PD fluids. A recent pediatric trial suggests better preservation of ultrafiltration with bicarbonate versus lactate buffered fluid; underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Methods Angiogenic cytokine profile, tube formation capacity and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase translocation were assessed in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells following incubation with bicarbonate (BPDF) and lactate buffered (LPDF), pH neutral PD fluid with low glucose degradation product content and lactate buffered, acidic PD fluid with high glucose degradation product content (CPDF). Peritoneal biopsies from age-, PD-vintage- and dialytic glucose exposure matched, peritonitis-free children on chronic PD underwent automated histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry. Results In endothelial cells angiopoietin-1 mRNA and protein abundance increased 200% upon incubation with BPDF, but decreased by 70% with LPDF as compared to medium control; angiopoietin-2 remained unchanged. Angiopoietin-1/Angiopoietin-2 protein ratio was 15 and 3-fold increased with BPDF compared to LPDF and medium. Time-lapse microscopy with automated network analysis demonstrated less endothelial cell tube formation with BPDF compared to LPDF and CPDF incubation. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase translocated to the cell membrane in BPDF but not in LPDF or CPDF incubated endothelial cells. In children dialyzed with BPDF peritoneal vessels were larger and angiopoietin-1 abundance in CD31 positive endothelium higher compared to children treated with LPDF. Conclusion Bicarbonate buffered PD fluid promotes vessel maturation via upregulation of angiopoietin-1 in vitro and in children on dialysis. Our findings suggest a molecular mechanism for the observed superior preservation of ultrafiltration capacity with bicarbonate buffered PD fluid with low glucose degradation product content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Eich
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Bartosova
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Tamara Wlodkowski
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Betti Schaefer
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pichl
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Kraewer
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno Ranchin
- Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Karel Vondrak
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Max Christoph Liebau
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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147
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Pampolina C, McNicol A. Streptococcus sanguis-induced platelet activation involves two waves of tyrosine phosphorylation mediated by FcγRIIA and αIIbβ3. Thromb Haemost 2017; 93:932-9. [PMID: 15886812 DOI: 10.1160/th04-08-0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe low-affinity IgG receptor, FcγRIIA, has been implicated in Streptococcus sanguis-induced platelet aggregation. Therefore, it is likely that signal transduction is at least partly mediated by FcγRIIA activation and a tyrosine kinase-dependent pathway. In this study the signal transduction mechanisms associated with platelet activation in response to the oral bacterium, S. sanguis were characterised. In the presence of IgG, S. sanguis strain 2017–78 caused the tyrosine phosphorylation of FcγRIIA 30s following stimulation, which led to the phosphorylation of Syk, LAT, and PLCγ2. These early events were dependent on Src family kinases but independent of either TxA2 or the engagement of the αIIbβ3 integrin. During the lag phase prior to platelet aggregation, FcγRIIA, Syk, LAT, and PLCγ2 were each dephosphorylated, but were re-phosphorylated as aggregation occurred. Platelet stimulation by 2017–78 also induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM-1, an ITIM-containing receptor that recruits protein tyrosine phosphatases. PECAM-1 co-precipitated with the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in the lag phase. SHP-1 was also maximally tyrosine phosphorylated during this phase, suggesting a possible role for SHP-1 in the observed dephosphorylation events. As aggregation occurred, SHP-1 was dephosphorylated, while FcγRIIA, Syk, LAT, and PLCγ2 were rephosphorylated in an RGDS-sensitive, and therefore αIIbβ3-dependent, manner. Additionally, TxA2 release, 5-hydro-xytryptamine secretion and phosphatidic acid formation were all blocked by RGDS. Aspirin also abolished these events, but only partially inhibited αIIbβ3-mediated re-phosphorylation. Therefore, S.sanguis-bound IgG cross links FcγRIIA and initiates a signaling pathway that is down-regulated by PECAM-1-bound SHP-1. Subsequent engagement of αIIbβ3 leads to SHP-1 dephosphorylation permiting a second wave of signaling leading to TxA2 release and consequent platelet aggregation.
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148
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Kim J, Sinha S, Solomon M, Perez-Herrero E, Hsu J, Tsinas Z, Muro S. Co-coating of receptor-targeted drug nanocarriers with anti-phagocytic moieties enhances specific tissue uptake versus non-specific phagocytic clearance. Biomaterials 2017; 147:14-25. [PMID: 28923682 PMCID: PMC5667353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers (NCs) help improve the performance of therapeutics, but their removal by phagocytes in the liver, spleen, tissues, etc. diminishes this potential. Although NC functionalization with polyethylene glycol (PEG) lowers interaction with phagocytes, it also reduces interactions with tissue cells. Coating NCs with CD47, a protein expressed by body cells to avoid phagocytic removal, offers an alternative. Previous studies showed that coating CD47 on non-targeted NCs reduces phagocytosis, but whether this alters binding and endocytosis of actively-targeted NCs remains unknown. To evaluate this, we used polymer NCs targeted to ICAM-1, a receptor overexpressed in many diseases. Co-coating of CD47 on anti-ICAM NCs reduced macrophage phagocytosis by ∼50% for up to 24 h, while increasing endothelial-cell targeting by ∼87% over control anti-ICAM/IgG NCs. Anti-ICAM/CD47 NCs were endocytosed via the CAM-mediated pathway with efficiency similar (0.99-fold) to anti-ICAM/IgG NCs. Comparable outcomes were observed for NCs targeted to PECAM-1 or transferrin receptor, suggesting broad applicability. When injected in mice, anti-ICAM/CD47 NCs reduced liver and spleen uptake by ∼30-50% and increased lung targeting by ∼2-fold (∼10-fold over IgG NCs). Therefore, co-coating NCs with CD47 and targeting moieties reduces macrophage phagocytosis and improves targeted uptake. This strategy may significantly improve the efficacy of targeted drug NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Kim
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Sauradeep Sinha
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Melani Solomon
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Edgar Perez-Herrero
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Janet Hsu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Zois Tsinas
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Silvia Muro
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
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149
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Tietjen GT, Hosgood SA, DiRito J, Cui J, Deep D, Song E, Kraehling JR, Piotrowski-Daspit AS, Kirkiles-Smith NC, Al-Lamki R, Thiru S, Bradley JA, Saeb-Parsy K, Bradley JR, Nicholson ML, Saltzman WM, Pober JS. Nanoparticle targeting to the endothelium during normothermic machine perfusion of human kidneys. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:eaam6764. [PMID: 29187644 PMCID: PMC5931373 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam6764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ex vivo normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is a new clinical strategy to assess and resuscitate organs likely to be declined for transplantation, thereby increasing the number of viable organs available. Short periods of NMP provide a window of opportunity to deliver therapeutics directly to the organ and, in particular, to the vascular endothelial cells (ECs) that constitute the first point of contact with the recipient's immune system. ECs are the primary targets of both ischemia-reperfusion injury and damage from preformed antidonor antibodies, and reduction of perioperative EC injury could have long-term benefits by reducing the intensity of the host's alloimmune response. Using NMP to administer therapeutics directly to the graft avoids many of the limitations associated with systemic drug delivery. We have previously shown that polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as depots for long-term drug release, but ensuring robust NP accumulation within a target cell type (graft ECs in this case) remains a fundamental challenge of nanomedicine. We show that surface conjugation of an anti-CD31 antibody enhances targeting of NPs to graft ECs of human kidneys undergoing NMP. Using a two-color quantitative microscopy approach, we demonstrate that targeting can enhance EC accumulation by about 5- to 10-fold or higher in discrete regions of the renal vasculature. In addition, our studies reveal that NPs can also nonspecifically accumulate within obstructed regions of the vasculature that are poorly perfused. These quantitative preclinical human studies demonstrate the therapeutic potential for targeted nanomedicines delivered during ex vivo NMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T Tietjen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Sarah A Hosgood
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jenna DiRito
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Jiajia Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Deeksha Deep
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Eric Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Jan R Kraehling
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | | | - Rafia Al-Lamki
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sathia Thiru
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - J Andrew Bradley
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - John R Bradley
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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150
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Li S, Yuan H, Pan J, Fan W, Zhu L, Yan Z, Guo C. The treatment of femoral neck fracture using VEGF-loaded nanographene coated internal fixation screws. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187447. [PMID: 29117211 PMCID: PMC5678728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have proved that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a dual role in the promotion of new bone formation and blood vessel repair during fracture healing. However, how to introduce VEGF to a fracture site safely and effectively is still a challenge. This study aimed to prepare a VEGF-loaded nanographene coated internal fixation screw and to evaluate its effects in the treatment of femoral neck fracture. Methods Nanographene coated screws were prepared by direct liquid-phase exfoliation of the graphite method, and the surface characteristics were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). VEGF was loaded on nanographene coatings through physical adsorption, and the VEGF controlled release was examined by ELISA. Then a canine femoral neck fracture model was built to examine both the angiogenic and osteogenic properties of the VEGF-loaded coated screws. X-ray, micro-CT-based microangiography, and histopathologic evaluation were used to assess the fracture healing progress. Results The results demonstrated that nanographene could load VEGF effectively, and the accumulative release of VEGF clearly increased during the entire testing period (9 days) without burst release. In canine fracture models, the results of X-ray, microangiography, and histopathologic examination proved that the speed of fracture healing, new bone formation area, and revascularization of the fractured femoral heads in the VEGF-loaded coated screws groups were significantly higher than in the control groups. Conclusion Our study proved that VEGF-loaded nanographene coated screws were effective in the treatment of femoral neck fracture and prevention of avascular necrosis of femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengfeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshuai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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