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Jiang B, Chen Q, Liu X, Kong D, Kuang Y, Weng X, Chen H. Ischemic Postconditioning Protects Renal Function After 24 Hours of Cold Preservation in a Canine Autotransplantation Model. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:1776-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hardy AB, Wijesekara N, Genkin I, Prentice KJ, Bhattacharjee A, Kong D, Chimienti F, Wheeler MB. Effects of high-fat diet feeding on Znt8-null mice: differences between β-cell and global knockout of Znt8. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302:E1084-96. [PMID: 22338079 PMCID: PMC3774340 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00448.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Genomewide association studies have linked a polymorphism in the zinc transporter 8 (Znt8) gene to higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Znt8 is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells where it is involved in the regulation of zinc transport into granules. However, Znt8 is also expressed in other tissues including α-cells, where its function is as yet unknown. Previous work demonstrated that mice lacking Znt8 globally were more susceptible to diet-induced obesity (Lemaire et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106: 14872-14877, 2009; Nicolson et al., Diabetes 58: 2070-2083, 2009). Therefore, the main goal of this study was to examine the physiological impact of β-cell-specific Znt8 deficiency in mice during high-fat high-calorie (HFHC) diet feeding. For these studies, we used β-cell-specific Znt8 knockout (Ins2Cre:Znt8loxP/loxP) and whole body Znt8 knockout (Cre-:Znt8(-/-)) mice placed on a HFHC diet for 16 wk. Ins2Cre:Znt8loxP/loxP mice on HFHC diet had similar body weights throughout the study but displayed impaired insulin biosynthesis and secretion and were glucose intolerant compared with littermate control Ins2Cre mice. In contrast, Cre-:Znt8(-/-) mice became remarkably obese, hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic, insulin resistant, and glucose intolerant compared with littermate control Cre- mice. These data show that β-cell Znt8 alone does not considerably aggravate weight gain and glucose intolerance during metabolic stress imposed by an HFHC diet. However, global loss of Znt8 is involved in exacerbating diet-induced obesity and resulting insulin resistance, and this may be due to the loss of Znt8 activity in a tissue other than the β-cell. Thus, our data suggest that Znt8 contributes to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes through β-cell- and non-β-cell-specific effects.
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Yin Y, Tang L, Zhang P, Kong D, Wang Z, Guan J, Song G, Tang B, Li Z. Optimizing the Conditions forIn VitroMaturation and Artificial Activation of Sika Deer (Cervus nippon hortulorum) Oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:27-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02020.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang T, X SM, Kong D, Yi H, Wang X, Liang B, Xu H, He M, Jia L, Qased AB, Yang Y, Liu X. Effect of ionizing radiation on acinar morphogenesis of human prostatic epithelial cells under three-dimensional culture conditions. Neoplasma 2012; 59:269-81. [PMID: 22296497 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2012_035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Homeostasis is maintained by the interplay of multiple factors that directly or indirectly regulate cell proliferation and cell death. Complex multiple interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix occur during acinar morphogenesis and changes in these might indicate carcinogenesis of cells from a normal to a malignant, invasive phenotype. In this study, the human prostatic epithelial cell line RWPE-1 was cultured under three-dimensional (3-D) culture conditions, and the effect of ionizing radiation on acinar morphogenesis and its association with autophagy were discussed. The results illustrated that formation of specific spheroid (acinar) structures was detectable under 3-D culture conditions. Radiation induced the disruption of acini in different cell models using either gene overexpression (Akt) or gene knock-down (Beclin 1 and ATG7). Introduction of Akt not only accelerated the growth of cells (i.e., caused the cells to manifest elongating and microspike-like structures that are obviously different from structures seen in wild-type RWPE-1 cells under two-dimensional conditions), but also changed their morphological characteristics under 3-D culture conditions. Knock-down of autophagy-related genes (Beclin 1 and ATG7) increased the radiosensitivity of cells under 3-D culture conditions, and cells died of non-apoptotic death after radiation. The results suggested that ionizing radiation may change the cell phenotype and the formation of acini. Additionally even the autophagy mechanism may play a role in these processes.
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Kong D, Piao YS, Yamashita S, Oshima H, Oguma K, Fushida S, Fujimura T, Minamoto T, Seno H, Yamada Y, Satou K, Ushijima T, Ishikawa TO, Oshima M. Inflammation-induced repression of tumor suppressor miR-7 in gastric tumor cells. Oncogene 2011; 31:3949-60. [PMID: 22139078 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has an important role in cancer development through various mechanisms. It has been shown that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) that function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors contributes to tumorigenesis. However, the relationship between inflammation and cancer-related miRNA expression in tumorigenesis has not yet been fully understood. Using K19-C2mE and Gan mouse models that develop gastritis and gastritis-associated tumors, respectively, we found that 21 miRNAs were upregulated, and that 29 miRNAs were downregulated in gastric tumors in an inflammation-dependent manner. Among these miRNAs, the expression of miR-7, a possible tumor suppressor, significantly decreased in both gastritis and gastric tumors. Moreover, the expression of miR-7 in human gastric cancer was inversely correlated with the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, suggesting that miR-7 downregulation is related to the severity of inflammatory responses. In the normal mouse stomach, miR-7 expression was at a basal level in undifferentiated gastric epithelial cells, and was induced during differentiation. Moreover, transfection of a miR-7 precursor into gastric cancer cells suppressed cell proliferation and soft agar colony formation. These results suggest that suppression of miR-7 expression is important for maintaining the undifferentiated status of gastric epithelial cells, and thus contributes to gastric tumorigenesis. Although epigenetic changes were not found in the CpG islands around miR-7-1 of gastritis and gastric tumor cells, we found that activated macrophage-derived small molecule(s) (<3 kDa) are responsible for miR-7 repression in gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, the miR-7 expression level significantly decreased in the inflamed gastric mucosa of Helicobacter-infected mice, whereas it increased in the stomach of germfree K19-C2mE and Gan mice wherein inflammatory responses were suppressed. Taken together, these results indicate that downregulation of tumor suppressor miR-7 is a novel mechanism by which the inflammatory response promotes gastric tumorigenesis.
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Kong D, Cardak S, Chen M, Gentz R, Zhang J. High cell density and productivity culture of Chinese hamster ovary cells in a fluidized bed bioreactor. Cytotechnology 2011; 29:215-20. [PMID: 19003344 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008064217040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A recombinant Chinese hamster ovary clone was cultivated in a 2L Cytopilot Mini fluidized bed bioreactor using Cytoline 1 microcarriers and a 10L B. Braun stirred tank bioreactor with Cytodex 1 microcarriers. Cytoline 1 is a macroporous polyethylene microcarrier and Cytodex 1 is a solid DEAE-dextran microcarrier. Cytoline 1 microcarriers in the fluidized bed bioreactor were gently mixed by an uplifting flow. Circulation and sparging in Cytopilot Mini were separated from the fluidized microcarrier bed. Cytopilot Mini bioreactor with Cytoline 1 microcarriers offered 2.3 times more surface area than the stirred tank bioreactor. The 2L fluidized bed bioreactor accommodated approximately half the cells in the 10L stirred tank bioreactor. Moreover, Cytopilot Mini had approximately three times more product output rate and 5.5 times higher specific productivity than the stirred tank bioreactor.
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Zhao X, Kong D, Chang J, Wong E, Jozsef G, Wang Y. SU-GG-T-482: Automatic Beam Placement for Breast Radiotherapy Using Support Vector Machine. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Endy D, Kong D, Yin J. Intracellular kinetics of a growing virus: a genetically structured simulation for bacteriophage T7. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 55:375-89. [PMID: 18636496 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19970720)55:2<375::aid-bit15>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Viruses have evolved to efficiently direct the resources of their hosts toward their own reproduction. A quantitative understanding of viral growth will help researchers develop antiviral strategies, design metabolic pathways, construct vectors for gene therapy, and engineer molecular systems that self-assemble. As a model system we examine here the growth of bacteriophage T7 in Escherichia coli using a chemical-kinetic framework. Data published over the last three decades on the genetics, physiology, and biophysics of phage T7 are incorporated into a genetically structured simulation that accounts for entry of the T7 genome into its host, expression of T7 genes, replication of T7 DNA, assembly of T7 procapsids, and packaging of T7 DNA to finally produce intact T7 progeny. Good agreement is found between the simulated behavior and experimental observations for the shift in transcription capacity from the host to the phage, the initiation times of phage protein synthesis, and the intracellular assembly of both wild-type phage and a fast-growing deletion mutant. The simulation is utilized to predict the effect of antisense molecules targeted to different T7 mRNA. Further, a postulated mechanism for the down regulation of T7 transcription in vivo is quantitatively examined and shown to agree with available data. The simulation is found to be a useful tool for exploring and understanding the dynamics of virus growth at the molecular level. (c) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 375-389, 1997.
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Ou L, Li W, Zhang Y, Gäbel R, Furlani D, Wang W, Wang L, Kong D, Steinhoff G, Ma N. Intramyocardial injection of emulsified matrigel demonstrates enhanced angiogenesis and improved cardiac function in a rat myocardium infarction model. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1247042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim G, Lee H, Lim Y, Jung M, Kong D. Baseflow contribution to nitrates in an urban stream in Daejeon, Korea. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2010; 61:3216-3220. [PMID: 20555219 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
It is a well-known fact that baseflow discharge of rainfall runoff significantly impacts the quality of surface water. In this paper, the impact of nitrates discharged as baseflow on stream water quality were studied using PULSE, a hydrograph separation software developed by USGS, to calculate the monthly baseflow discharge. We took water quality and flow rate data from a monitoring station site (code: Ghapcehon2) in Daejeon city and acquired 2005 groundwater quality data in the watershed from government agencies. Agricultural and forestry land use are dominant in the area. The baseflow contributes 85%-95% of stream flows during the spring and fall, 25%-38% during the summer and winter. The monthly nitrate loading discharged as baseflow for Ghapcheon2 was estimated by using monitored nitrate concentrations of groundwater in the watershed. Nitrate loading induced by baseflow at Ghapcheon2 was estimated as 5.4 tons of NO3(-)-N/km(2), which is about 60% of nitrate loading of surface water, or 9.2 tons of NO3(-)-N/km(2). This study shows that groundwater quality monitoring is important for proper management of surface water quality.
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Al-Badriyeh D, Leung L, Davies GE, Stewart K, Kong D. Successful Use of Topical Voriconazole 1% Alone as First-Line Antifungal Therapy Against Candida albicans Keratitis. Ann Pharmacother 2009; 43:2103-7. [DOI: 10.1345/aph.1m318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Sarkar FH, Li Y, Wang Z, Kong D. Pancreatic cancer stem cells and EMT in drug resistance and metastasis. MINERVA CHIR 2009; 64:489-500. [PMID: 19859039 PMCID: PMC2878773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy with one of the worst outcomes among all cancers. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States with a very low five-year survival rate. The high mortality of PC could, in part, be due to their drug resistance characteristics and high propensity for metastasis. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-type cells, which shares molecular characteristics with CSCs, have been believed to play critical roles in drug resistance and cancer metastasis as demonstrated in several human malignancies including PC. Thus, the discovery of molecular knowledge of drug resistance and metastasis in relation to CSCs and EMT in PC is becoming an important area of research, and such knowledge is likely to be helpful in the discovery of newer drugs as well as designing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of PC with better outcome. In this brief review, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding the CSCs and EMT in the context of drug resistance and metastasis in PC, the molecular events occurring in CSCs and EMT, and the design of novel therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs and EMT-type cells to increase drug sensitivity and suppression of metastasis toward better treatment outcome of patients diagnosed with PC.
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Kong D, Yoshimi H, Yamori T. 226 POSTER Anti-angiogenic activity of a novel PI3K inhibitor, ZSTK474. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)72158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Si Z, Luan L, Kong D, Zhao G, Wang H, Zhang K, Yu T, Pang Q. MRI-based investigation on outflow segment of cerebral venous system under increased ICP condition. Eur J Med Res 2008; 13:121-126. [PMID: 18499557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is responsible for causing most nervous system diseases to progress seriously, till death. Recently, volume-targeted therapeutic strategy against increased ICP, which works by releasing excessive intracranial liquid especially from the venous compartment, attracted a great deal of attention. Previous research by us found a structurally special "outflow segment cuff" that is located at the juncture of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and the brain-bridging veins in porcine model. Sequential observation demonstrated that this special structure appeared to have functional abnormalities. Based on these findings, it was proposed to try and prove a further hypothesis that there exists a similar structure in human beings that might be of importance for cerebral venous system to intervene in volume-initiated ICP regulation. Meanwhile, the diameters of bridging veins under either increased or normal ICP are compared by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHOD Forty patients who presented with increased ICP were selected to undergo 2D time of flight (TOF) venography and ten normal volunteers were taken as the control group. Increased intracranial pressure status was evaluated by using flash visual evoked potential (fVEP) technique. All the patients and volunteers underwent 2D-TOF MRI imaging for the following parameters: repetition time/echo time, 50/4.9 milliseconds; flip angle, 45 degrees ; field of view, 250x250 mm; matrix, 256x256 pixels; section thickness, 1.5 mm. Syngo fastview imaging system was used to process and analyze the targeted brain-bridging venous section. RESULTS By using 2D-TOF method in vivo, most bridging venous profiles as well as SSS and vicinal cortical veins could be clearly visualized. A short and narrow section, as previously described, obviously emerged because of MRI signal weakness even disappearing at the juncture of SSS and bridging veins in increased ICP patients. In combination with previous animal morphological findings we believe that this section with abnormal MRI signal could stand for the human counterpart of "outflow segment cuff" in porcine. Such a special structure could be observed within a majority of increased ICP patients (32/40 cases), whereas only one case presented the existence of similar imaging signal weakness. Furthermore, the diameters of the bridging veins in increased ICP group are statistically larger than the control group. CONCLUSION Intracranial venous compartment occupies about 70 to 80% blood volume inside the inflexible cranial cavity. Following volume-targeted rationale, ICP can be regulated effectively by the fluctuation of venous blood volume based on different aspects of morphology, biomechanics, and hemodynamics. In the present study, the coincidence of animal model and human venography in vivo offers strong evidences to support the hypothesis that venous hemodynamics, although passively, influences intracranial pressure environment through a possible key regulator - outflow segment narrow structure. The fact that this narrow formation and proximal vascular dilation appears more in patients under high ICP condition rather than in patients with normal pressure. Both narrow formation and proximal vascular dilation indicate its significant contribution to intracranial venous congestion, resulting from difficult drainage and the close relationship between intracranial venous volume and ICP.
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Kong D, Kong X, Wang L. Effect of cardiac lymph flow obstruction on cardiac collagen synthesis and interstitial fibrosis. Physiol Res 2006; 55:253-258. [PMID: 16083309 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.930727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of chronic cardiac lymphatic obstruction on the myocardial synthesis of collagen type I and III was investigated in a rabbit model. In the lymphatic obstruction group (n=16), plasma C-terminal propeptide type I procollagen (PICP) and N-terminal propeptide type III procollagen (PIIINP) were elevated at 7, 14 and 30 days after the operation (p<0.05). The elevated PICP and PIIINP returned to the pre-operation values 60 days after the operation. The myocardial expression of collagen type I and III mRNA were also enhanced in the lymphatic flow obstruction group. Plasma PICP, PIIINP and myocardial collagen type I and III mRNA remained unchanged in the control group (n=16). We concluded that chronic obstruction of cardiac lymph flow leads to enhanced myocardial collagen synthesis in rabbits. The enhanced collagen synthesis starts within seven days after lymphatic obstruction and subsides after 60 days.
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Lin Z, Ping Z, Kong D, Yin K, Cai Z. The ratios of individual chemicals in a mixture determine the degree of joint effect: the climax hypothesis. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2005; 49:1-8. [PMID: 15883676 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-0206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2003] [Accepted: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A new hypothesis, the Climax Hypothesis, is proposed to describe how the ratios of individual chemicals influence the joint effects of chemical mixtures. This hypothesis is derived from a generalized approach using "isobolograms". With this hypothesis, one can predict that for a given mixture, a curvilinear correlation exists between the joint effects and the ratios of individual chemicals and that this curve has a climax at the equitoxic ratio. This prediction is supported by the observed toxicity to Vibrio fischeri of 18 mixtures (12 binary mixtures, 4 ternary mixtures, and 2 quaternary mixtures). With this prediction, the Climax Hypothesis has some promising applications such as controlling the discharge of effluents in environmental science, maximizing detoxifying effects in medicine, and optimizing combined pesticides in agriculture.
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Fairley CK, Levy R, Rayner CR, Allardice K, Costello K, Thomas C, McArthur C, Kong D, Mijch A. Randomized trial of an adherence programme for clients with HIV. Int J STD AIDS 2004; 14:805-9. [PMID: 14678587 DOI: 10.1258/095646203322556129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to determine if a comprehensive adherence package improved self reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy. The adherence package included an education programme, individualized planning of regimens, and the opportunity for a patient to choose from a number of adherence aids and reminder devices. A randomized step wedge design was used. Forty-three individuals were randomized to begin the intervention over a five-month period. There was a substantial fall in the number of missed doses reported for the last four days (0.76 to 0.38, P =0.03) and last seven days (1.5 to 0.74, P =0.005) but not for the last 28 days (2.5 to 2.5, P =0.63). There was no statistical difference in the viral load or CD4 lymphocyte count in the period before or after the intervention. The Morisky score during the pre and post intervention periods was significantly different (P =0.006), 2.9 (SD 0.9) and 3.3 (SD 0.8) respectively. This adherence package improved self reported adherence during the last four and seven days.
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Huber PE, Mann MJ, Melo LG, Ehsan A, Kong D, Zhang L, Rezvani M, Peschke P, Jolesz F, Dzau VJ, Hynynen K. Focused ultrasound (HIFU) induces localized enhancement of reporter gene expression in rabbit carotid artery. Gene Ther 2003; 10:1600-7. [PMID: 12907952 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The development of accurate, safe, and efficient gene delivery remains a major challenge towards the realization of gene therapeutic prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the ability of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), a form of mechanical wave transmission, to act as a noninvasive tool for the enhancement of in vivo gene transfer into rabbit carotid arteries. Segments of the common carotid arteries of New Zealand white rabbits were isolated and infused with plasmid DNA encoding the reporter beta-galactosidase either with or without the addition of ultrasound contrast agent consisting of small (approximately 2-5 microm) gas-filled human albumin microspheres to augment cavitation. Infused arteries were exposed to pulsed ultrasound for 1 min (frequency 0.85 MHz, burst length 50 ms, repetition frequency 1 Hz, duration 60 s, peak pressure amplitude of 15 MPa). At 6.3 MPa, HIFU enhanced gene expression eight-fold, and 17.5-fold in the presence of contrast. We found increasing amounts of beta-galactosidase expression in the carotid vessel with increasing pressure amplitude. This dose-response relation was present with and without contrast. Without contrast, no vessel damage was detected up to 15 MPa, while the addition of contrast induced side effects above a threshold of 6.3 MPa peak pressure. The entire procedure was feasible and safe for the animals, and the results suggest that HIFU has the potential to assist in the noninvasive spatial regulation of gene transfer into the vascular system.
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Bai JZ, Ban Y, Bian JG, Cai X, Chang JF, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen J, Chen J, Chen JC, Chen YB, Chi SP, Chu YP, Cui XZ, Dai YM, Dai YS, Dong LY, Du SX, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Fang J, Fang SS, Fu CD, Fu HY, Fu LP, Gao CS, Gao ML, Gao YN, Gong MY, Gong WX, Gu SD, Guo YN, Guo YQ, Guo ZJ, Han SW, Harris FA, He J, He KL, He M, He X, Heng YK, Hong T, Hu HM, Hu T, Huang GS, Huang L, Huang XP, Izen JM, Ji XB, Jiang CH, Jiang XS, Jin DP, Jin S, Jin Y, Jones BD, Ke ZJ, Kong D, Lai YF, Li F, Li G, Li HH, Li J, Li JC, Li K, Li QJ, Li RB, Li RY, Li W, Li WG, Li XQ, Li XS, Liu CF, Liu CX, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HM, Liu JB, Liu JP, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZA, Liu ZX, Lou XC, Lu GR, Lu F, Lu HJ, Lu JG, Lu ZJ, Luo XL, Ma EC, Ma FC, Ma JM, Malchow R, Mao ZP, Meng XC, Mo XH, Nie J, Nie ZD, Olsen SL, Paluselli D, Peng HP, Qi ND, Qian CD, Qiu JF, Rong G, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Shi F, Song LW, Sun HS, Sun SS, Sun YZ, Sun ZJ, Tang SQ, Tang X, Tian D, Tian YR, Toki W, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang J, Wang JZ, Wang L, Wang LS, Wang M, Wang M, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang WF, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZY, Wei CL, Wu N, Xia XM, Xie XX, Xu GF, Xu Y, Xue ST, Yan ML, Yan WB, Yang GA, Yang HX, Yang J, Yang SD, Ye MH, Ye YX, Ying J, Yu CS, Yu GW, Yuan CZ, Yuan JM, Yuan Y, Yue Q, Zang SL, Zeng Y, Zhang BX, Zhang BY, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang JM, Zhang JW, Zhang LS, Zhang QJ, Zhang SQ, Zhang XY, Zhang YJ, Zhang Y, Zhang YY, Zhang ZP, Zhao DX, Zhao J, Zhao JW, Zhao PP, Zhao WR, Zhao YB, Zhao ZG, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhong XC, Zhou BQ, Zhou GM, Zhou L, Zhou NF, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu Y, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA, Zou BS. Observation of a near-threshold enhancement in the pp mass spectrum from radiative J/psi-->gammapp decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:022001. [PMID: 12906471 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We observe a narrow enhancement near 2m(p) in the invariant mass spectrum of pp pairs from radiative J/psi-->gammapp decays. No similar structure is seen in J/psi-->pi(0)pp decays. The results are based on an analysis of a 58 x 10(6) event sample of J/psi decays accumulated with the BESII detector at the Beijing electron-positron collider. The enhancement can be fit with either an S- or P-wave Breit-Wigner resonance function. In the case of the S-wave fit, the peak mass is below 2m(p) at M=1859(+3)(-10) (stat)+5-25(syst) MeV/c(2) and the total width is Gamma<30 MeV/c(2) at the 90% confidence level. These mass and width values are not consistent with the properties of any known particle.
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Bai JZ, Ban Y, Bian JG, Chen AD, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen JC, Chen XD, Chen YB, Cheng BS, Chi SP, Chu YP, Choi JB, Cui XZ, Dai YS, Dong LY, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Fu HY, Fu LP, Gao CS, Gu SD, Guo YN, Guo ZJ, Han SW, Han Y, Harris FA, He J, He JT, He KL, He M, He X, Hong T, Heng YK, Hu GY, Hu HM, Hu QH, Hu T, Huang GS, Huang XP, Huang YZ, Izen JM, Ji XB, Jiang CH, Jin Y, Jones BD, Kang JS, Ke ZJ, Kim HJ, Kim SK, Kim TY, Kong D, Lai YF, Li D, Li HB, Li HH, Li J, Li JC, Li PQ, Li QJ, Li RY, Li W, Li WG, Li XN, Li XQ, Liu B, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JP, Liu TR, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZX, Lou XC, Lu GR, Lu F, Lu JG, Lu ZJ, Luo XL, Ma EC, Ma JM, Malchow R, Mao HS, Mao ZP, Meng XC, Mo XH, Nie J, Nie ZD, Olsen SL, Paluselli D, Park H, Qi ND, Qi XR, Qian CD, Qiu JF, Que YK, Rong G, Shao YY, Shen BW, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Shi F, Shi HZ, Song XF, Suh JY, Sun HS, Sun LF, Sun YZ, Tang SQ, Toki W, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang J, Wang JZ, Wang L, Wang LS, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang SM, Wang YY, Wang ZY, Wei CL, Wu N, Xi DM, Xia XM, Xie XX, Xu GF, Xu Y, Xue ST, Yan WB, Yan WG, Yang CM, Yang CY, Yang GA, Yang HX, Yang W, Yang XF, Ye MH, Ye SW, Ye YX, Yu CS, Yu CX, Yu GW, Yuan Y, Zhang BY, Zhang C, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HL, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang L, Zhang LS, Zhang P, Zhang QJ, Zhang SQ, Zhang XY, Zhang YY, Zhang ZP, Zhao DX, Zhao HW, Zhao J, Zhao JW, Zhao M, Zhao PP, Zhao WR, Zhao YB, Zhao ZG, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhou BQ, Zhou GM, Zhou L, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA, Zou BS. Measurements of the cross section for e(+)e(-) --> hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 2 to 5 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:101802. [PMID: 11909342 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.101802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report values of R = sigma(e(+)e(-)-->hadrons)/sigma(e(+)e(-)-->mu(+)mu(-)) for 85 center-of-mass energies between 2 and 5 GeV measured with the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider.
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Bai JZ, Ban Y, Bian JG, Blum I, Chen AD, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen J, Chen JC, Chen XD, Chen Y, Chen YB, Cheng BS, Chi SP, Chu YP, Choi JB, Cui XZ, Dai YS, Dong LY, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Fu HY, Fu LP, Gao CS, Gratton P, Gu SD, Gu YF, Guo YN, Guo ZJ, Han SW, Han Y, Harris FA, He J, He JT, He KL, He M, He X, Hong T, Heng YK, Hitlin DG, Hu GY, Hu HM, Hu QH, Hu T, Huang GS, Huang XP, Huang YZ, Izen JM, Ji XB, Jiang CH, Jin Y, Jones BD, Kang JS, Ke ZJ, Kelsey MH, Kim BK, Kim HJ, Kim SK, Kim TY, Kong D, Lai YF, Lankford A, Li D, Li HB, Li HH, Li J, Li JC, Li PQ, Li QJ, Li RY, Li W, Li WG, Li XN, Li XQ, Liu B, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JP, Liu TR, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZX, Lou XC, Lowery B, Lu GR, Lu F, Lu JG, Lu ZJ, Luo XL, Ma EC, Ma JM, Malchow R, Mao HS, Mao ZP, Meng XC, Mo XH, Nie J, Nie ZD, Olsen SL, Oyang J, Paluselli D, Pan LJ, Panetta J, Park H, Porter F, Qi ND, Qi XR, Qian CD, Qiu JF, Que YK, Rong G, Schernau M, Shao YY, Shen BW, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Shi F, Shi HZ, Song XF, Standifird J, Suh JY, Sun HS, Sun LF, Sun YZ, Tang SQ, Toki W, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang J, Wang JZ, Wang L, Wang LS, Wang M, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang SM, Wang YY, Wang ZY, Weaver M, Wei CL, Wu JM, Wu N, Xi DM, Xia XM, Xie XX, Xu GF, Xu Y, Xue ST, Yan WB, Yan WG, Yang CM, Yang CY, Yang GA, Yang HX, Yang XF, Ye MH, Ye SW, Ye YX, Yu CS, Yu CX, Yu GW, Yuan Y, Zhang BY, Zhang C, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HL, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang L, Zhang LS, Zhang P, Zhang QJ, Zhang SQ, Zhang XY, Zhang YY, Zhang ZP, Zhao DX, Zhao HW, Zhao J, Zhao JW, Zhao M, Zhao PP, Zhao WR, Zhao YB, Zhao ZG, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhou BQ, Zhou GM, Zhou L, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA, Zou BS. First measurement of the branching fraction of the decayψ(2S)→τ+τ−. Int J Clin Exp Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.65.052004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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73
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Kong D, DePamphilis ML. Site-specific DNA binding of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe origin recognition complex is determined by the Orc4 subunit. Mol Cell Biol 2001; 21:8095-103. [PMID: 11689699 PMCID: PMC99975 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.21.23.8095-8103.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which origin recognition complexes (ORCs) identify replication origins was investigated using purified Orc proteins from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Orc4p alone bound tightly and specifically to several sites within S. pombe replication origins that are genetically required for origin activity. These sites consisted of clusters of A or T residues on one strand but were devoid of either alternating A and T residues or GC-rich sequences. Addition of a complex consisting of Orc1, -2, -3, -5, and -6 proteins (ORC-5) altered neither Orc4p binding to origin DNA nor Orc4p protection of specific sequences. ORC-5 alone bound weakly and nonspecifically to DNA; strong binding required the presence of Orc4p. Under these conditions, all six subunits remained bound to chromatin isolated from each phase of the cell division cycle. These results reveal that the S. pombe ORC binds to multiple, specific sites within replication origins and that site selection, at least in vitro, is determined solely by the Orc4p subunit.
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Fleisher AS, Esteller M, Tamura G, Rashid A, Stine OC, Yin J, Zou TT, Abraham JM, Kong D, Nishizuka S, James SP, Wilson KT, Herman JG, Meltzer SJ. Hypermethylation of the hMLH1 gene promoter is associated with microsatellite instability in early human gastric neoplasia. Oncogene 2001; 20:329-35. [PMID: 11313962 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2000] [Revised: 11/08/2000] [Accepted: 11/09/2000] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A significant portion of gastric cancers exhibit defective DNA mismatch repair, manifested as microsatellite instability (MSI). High-frequency MSI (MSI-H) is associated with hypermethylation of the human mut-L homologue 1 (hMLH1) mismatch repair gene promoter and diminished hMLH1 expression in advanced gastric cancers. However, the relationship between MSI and hMLH1 hypermethylation has not been studied in early gastric neoplasms. We therefore investigated hMLH1 hypermethylation, hMLH1 expression and MSI in a group of early gastric cancers and gastric adenomas. Sixty-four early gastric neoplasms were evaluated, comprising 28 adenomas, 18 mucosal carcinomas, and 18 carcinomas with superficial submucosal invasion but clear margins. MSI was evaluated using multiplex fluorescent PCR to amplify loci D2S123, D5S346, D17S250, BAT 25 and BAT 26. Methylation-specific PCR was performed to determine the methylation status of hMLH1. In two hypermethylated MSI-H cancers, hMLH1 protein expression was also evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Six of sixty-four early gastric lesions were MSI-H, comprising 1 adenoma, 4 mucosal carcinomas, and 1 carcinoma with superficial submucosal invasion. Two lesions (one adenoma and one mucosal carcinoma) demonstrated low-frequency MSI (MSI-L). The remaining 56 neoplasms were MSI-stable (MSI-S). Six of six MSI-H, one of two MSI-L, and none of thirty MSI-S lesions showed hMLH1 hypermethylation (P<0.001). Diminished hMLH1 protein expression was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in two of two MSI-H hypermethylated lesions. hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation is significantly associated with MSI and diminished hMLH1 expression in early gastric neoplasms. MSI and hypermethylation-associated inactivation of hMLH1 are more prevalent in early gastric cancers than in gastric adenomas. Thus, hypermethylation-associated inactivation of the hMLH1 gene can occur early in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Bai JZ, Ban Y, Bian JG, Blum I, Chen AD, Chen GP, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen J, Chen JC, Chen XD, Chen Y, Chen YB, Cheng BS, Choi JB, Cui XZ, Ding HL, Dong LY, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Gao CS, Gao ML, Gao SQ, Gratton P, Gu JH, Gu SD, Gu WX, Guo YN, Guo ZJ, Han SW, Han Y, Harris FA, He J, He JT, He KL, He M, Heng YK, Hitlin DG, Hu GY, Hu HM, Hu JL, Hu QH, Hu T, Huang GS, Huang XP, Huang YZ, Izen JM, Jiang CH, Jin Y, Jones BD, Ju X, Kang JS, Ke ZJ, Kelsey MH, Kim BK, Kim HJ, Kim SK, Kim TY, Kong D, Lai YF, Lang PF, Lankford A, Li CG, Li D, Li HB, Li J, Li JC, Li PQ, Li W, Li WG, Li XH, Li XN, Li XQ, Li ZC, Liu B, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JP, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZX, Lou XC, Lowery B, Lu GR, Lu F, Lu JG, Luo XL, Ma EC, Ma JM, Malchow R, Mao HS, Mao ZP, Meng XC, Mo XH, Nie J, Olsen SL, Oyang J, Paluselli D, Pan LJ, Panetta J, Park H, Porter F, Qi ND, Qi XR, Qian CD, Qiu JF, Qu YH, Que YK, Rong G, Schernau M, Shao YY, Shen BW, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen HY, Shen XY, Shi F, Shi HZ, Song XF, Standifird J, Suh JY, Sun HS, Sun LF, Sun YZ, Tang SQ, Toki W, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang F, Wang L, Wang LS, Wang LZ, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang SM, Wang YY, Wang ZY, Weaver M, Wei CL, Wu N, Wu YG, Xi DM, Xia XM, Xie Y, Xie YH, Xu GF, Xue ST, Yan J, Yan WG, Yang CM, Yang CY, Yang HX, Yang W, Yang XF, Ye MH, Ye SW, Ye YX, Yu CS, Yu CX, Yu GW, Yu YH, Yu ZQ, Yuan CZ, Yuan Y, Zhang BY, Zhang C, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang D, Zhang HL, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang LS, Zhang P, Zhang QJ, Zhang SQ, Zhang XY, Zhang YY, Zhao DX, Zhao HW, Zhao J, Zhao JW, Zhao M, Zhao WR, Zhao ZG, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhou BQ, Zhou L, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA. Measurement ofψ(2S)decays to baryon pairs. Int J Clin Exp Med 2001. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.63.032002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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