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Karzi V, Tzatzarakis M, Katsikantami I, Stavroulaki A, Alegakis A, Vakonaki E, Xezonaki P, Sifakis S, Rizos A, Tsatsakis A. Investigating exposure to endocrine disruptors via hair analysis of pregnant women. Environ Res 2019; 178:108692. [PMID: 31520825 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the monitoring of the levels of parabens (PBs) and triclosan (TCS) in head hair samples of women collected during the first months of their pregnancy. Personal details concerning somatometric and demographic characteristics, dietary habits, use of personal care products and the medical and obstetrical history of the pregnant women as well as infants' somatometric characteristics and health condition were recorded through relevant questionnaires. Ninety five hair samples were collected, extracted by solid-liquid extraction and analysed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry system (LC-MS). Analysis revealed high percentage of positive samples for all tested compounds (90-100% except from BePB (15.8%)). The mean concentration levels were 4501.2 pg/mg (17.6-27,437.0 pg/mg) for MePB; 510.1 pg/mg (11.0-4224.5 pg/mg) for EtPB; 22.9 pg/mg (2.1-66.6 pg/mg) for BePB; 237.1 pg/mg (1.8-2513.7 pg/mg) for BuPB and 245.0 pg/mg (8.8-8070.2 pg/mg) for TCS. Statistical analysis of both analytical results and questionnaires' data showed that the frequent use of personal care and hygiene products, such as makeup, hairspray and sunscreens, is correlated with higher levels of PBs in hair of the pregnant women. Additionally, positive correlation was observed between the BePB levels in hair and the infants' height. Finally, no other correlation was observed between endocrine disruptors' levels in maternal hair and infants' somatometric characteristics or health condition. Our study is the first one that determined PBs and TCS levels in hair samples, simultaneously. At the same time, correlation of the detected levels with the use of personal care products was accomplished, leading to significant association of BePB levels in hair of pregnant women with infants' height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Karzi
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Crete and Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH-IESL), GR, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece
| | - Ioanna Katsikantami
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Crete and Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH-IESL), GR, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Athina Stavroulaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece
| | - Athanasios Alegakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece
| | | | | | - Apostolos Rizos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete and Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH-IESL), GR, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medicine School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece.
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152
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Mușat MG, Nițulescu GM, Surleac M, Tsatsakis A, Spandidos DA, Margină D. HIV‑1 integrase inhibitors targeting various DDE transposases: Retroviral integration versus RAG‑mediated recombination (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4749-4762. [PMID: 31702817 PMCID: PMC6854553 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposases are ubiquitous mobile genetic elements responsible for genome development, driving rearrangements, such as insertions, deletions and translocations. Across species evolution, some transposases are tamed by their host and are made part of complex cellular systems. The proliferation of retroviruses is also dependent on transposase related enzymes termed integrases. Recombination-activating gene protein (RAG)1 and metnase are just two examples of transposase domestication and together with retroviral integrases (INs), they belong to the DDE polynucleotidyl transferases superfamily. They share mechanistic and structural features linked to the RNase H-like fold, harboring a DDE(D) metal dependent catalytic motif. Recent antiretroviral compounds target the catalytic domain of integrase, but they also have the potential of inhibiting other related enzymes. In this review, we report the activity of different classes of integrase inhibitors on various DDE transposases. Computational simulations are useful to predict the extent of off-target activity and have been employed to study the interactions between RAG1 recombinase and compounds from three different pharmacologic classes. We demonstrate that strand-transfer inhibitors display a higher affinity towards the RAG1 RNase H domain, as suggested by experimental data compared to allosteric inhibitors. While interference with RAG1 and 2 recombination is associated with a negative impact on immune function, the inhibition of metnase or HTLV-1 integrase opens the way for the development of novel therapies for refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Georgiana Mușat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Mihai Nițulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marius Surleac
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Matei Bals', 021105 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Denisa Margină
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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153
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Tsatsakis A, Tyshko NV, Docea AO, Shestakova SI, Sidorova YS, Petrov NA, Zlatian O, Mach M, Hartung T, Tutelyan VA. The effect of chronic vitamin deficiency and long term very low dose exposure to 6 pesticides mixture on neurological outcomes – A real-life risk simulation approach. Toxicol Lett 2019; 315:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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154
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Ruszkiewicz JA, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Siokas V, Dardiotis E, Tsatsakis A, Bowman AB, da Rocha JBT, Aschner M. Brain diseases in changing climate. Environ Res 2019; 177:108637. [PMID: 31416010 PMCID: PMC6717544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest and most urgent challenges for the 21st century. Rising average temperatures and ocean levels, altered precipitation patterns and increased occurrence of extreme weather events affect not only the global landscape and ecosystem, but also human health. Multiple environmental factors influence the onset and severity of human diseases and changing climate may have a great impact on these factors. Climate shifts disrupt the quantity and quality of water, increase environmental pollution, change the distribution of pathogens and severely impacts food production - all of which are important regarding public health. This paper focuses on brain health and provides an overview of climate change impacts on risk factors specific to brain diseases and disorders. We also discuss emerging hazards in brain health due to mitigation and adaptation strategies in response to climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna A Ruszkiewicz
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Trace Element Institute for UNESCO, Lyon, France
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - João B T da Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
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155
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Trivizakis E, Ioannidis GS, Melissianos VD, Papadakis GZ, Tsatsakis A, Spandidos DA, Marias K. A novel deep learning architecture outperforming 'off‑the‑shelf' transfer learning and feature‑based methods in the automated assessment of mammographic breast density. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:2009-2015. [PMID: 31545461 PMCID: PMC6787954 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentially suspicious breast neoplasms could be masked by high tissue density, thus increasing the probability of a false‑negative diagnosis. Furthermore, differentiating breast tissue type enables patient pre‑screening stratification and risk assessment. In this study, we propose and evaluate advanced machine learning methodologies aiming at an objective and reliable method for breast density scoring from routine mammographic images. The proposed image analysis pipeline incorporates texture [Gabor filters and local binary pattern (LBP)] and gradient‑based features [histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) as well as speeded‑up robust features (SURF)]. Additionally, transfer learning approaches with ImageNet trained weights were also used for comparison, as well as a convolutional neural network (CNN). The proposed CNN model was fully trained on two open mammography datasets and was found to be the optimal performing methodology (AUC up to 87.3%). Thus, the findings of this study indicate that automated density scoring in mammograms can aid clinical diagnosis by introducing artificial intelligence‑powered decision‑support systems and contribute to the 'democratization' of healthcare by overcoming limitations, such as the geographic location of patients or the lack of expert radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Trivizakis
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology‑Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgios S Ioannidis
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology‑Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasileios D Melissianos
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology‑Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgios Z Papadakis
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology‑Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kostas Marias
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology‑Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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156
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Fountoucidou P, Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Docea AO, Taitzoglou IA, Liesivuori J, Tsatsakis A, Kouretas D. A mixture of routinely encountered xenobiotics induces both redox adaptations and perturbations in blood and tissues of rats after a long-term low-dose exposure regimen: The time and dose issue. Toxicol Lett 2019; 317:24-44. [PMID: 31541690 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to xenobiotic mixtures is a continuous state during their everyday routine. However, the majority of toxicological studies assess the in vivo effects of individual substances rather than mixtures. Therefore, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of the 12- and 18-month exposure of rats to a mixture containing 13 pesticides, food, and life-style additives in three dosage levels (i.e. 0.0025 × NOAEL, 0.01 × NOAEL, and 0.05 × NOAEL), on redox biomarkers in blood and tissues. Our results indicate that the exposure to the mixture induces physiological adaptations by enhancing the blood antioxidant mechanism (i.e., increased glutathione, catalase and total antioxidant capacity and decreased protein carbonyls and TBARS) at 12 months of exposure. On the contrary, exposure to the 0.05 × NOAEL dose for 18 months induces significant perturbations in blood and tissue redox profile (i.e., increased carbonyls and TBARS). This study simulates a scenario of real-life risk exposure to mixtures of xenobiotics through a long-term low-dose administration regimen in rats. The results obtained could support, at least in part, the necessity of introducing testing of combined stimuli at reference doses and long term for the evaluation of the risk from exposure to chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni Fountoucidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Ioannis A Taitzoglou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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157
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Tsatsakis A, Docea AO, Constantin C, Calina D, Zlatian O, Nikolouzakis TK, Stivaktakis PD, Kalogeraki A, Liesivuori J, Tzanakakis G, Neagu M. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, and cytopathological effects in rats exposed for 18 months to a mixture of 13 chemicals in doses below NOAEL levels. Toxicol Lett 2019; 316:154-170. [PMID: 31521832 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of long term exposure to low doses of a mixture consisting of methomyl, triadimefon, dimethoate, glyphosate, carbaryl, methyl parathion, aspartame, sodium benzoate, EDTA, ethylparaben, buthylparaben, bisphenol A and acacia gum in rats. Four groups of ten Sprangue Dawley rats (5 males and 5 females per group) were exposed for 18 months to the mixture in doses of 0xNOAEL, 0.0025xNOAEL, 0.01xNOAEL and 0.05xNOAEL (mg/kg bw/day). After 18 months of exposure, the rats were sacrificed and their organs were harvested. Micronuclei frequency was evaluated in bone marrow erythrocytes whereas the organs were cytopathologically examined by the touch preparation technique. The exposure to the mixture caused a genotoxic effect identified only in females. Cytopathological examination showed specific alterations of tissue organization in a tissue-type dependent manner. The observed effects were dose-dependent and correlated to various tissue parameters. Specifically, testes samples revealed degenerative and cellularity disorders, liver hepatocytes exhibited decreased glycogen deposition whereas degenerative changes were present in gastric cells. Lung tissue presented increased inflammatory cells infiltration and alveolar macrophages with enhanced phagocytic activity, whereas brain tissue exhibited changes in glial and astrocyte cells' numbers. In conclusion, exposure to very low doses of the tested mixture for 18 months induces genotoxic effects as well as monotonic cytotoxic effects in a tissue-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania.
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Department of Immunology, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Pathology Dept. Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania.
| | | | - Polychronis D Stivaktakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Alexandra Kalogeraki
- Department of Pathology-Cytopathology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | | | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Monica Neagu
- Department of Immunology, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Pathology Dept. Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
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158
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Tsoukalas D, Fragkiadaki P, Docea AO, Alegakis AK, Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Razgonova MP, Calina D. Discovery of potent telomerase activators: Unfolding new therapeutic and anti-aging perspectives. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3701-3708. [PMID: 31485647 PMCID: PMC6755196 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length, a marker of cellular aging, decreases with age and it has been associated with aging‑related diseases. Environmental factors, including diet and lifestyle factors, affect the rate of telomere shortening which can be reversed by telomerase. Telomerase activation by natural molecules has been suggested to be an anti‑aging modulator that can play a role in the treatment of aging‑related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of natural compounds on telomerase activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The tested compounds included Centella asiatica extract formulation (08AGTLF), Astragalus extract formulation (Nutrient 4), TA‑65 (containing Astragalus membranaceus extract), oleanolic acid (OA), maslinic acid (MA), and 3 multi‑nutrient formulas (Nutrients 1, 2 and 3) at various concentrations. The mean absorbance values of telomerase activity measured following treatment with some of the above‑mentioned formulations were statistically significantly higher compared to those of the untreated cells. In particular, in order of importance with respect to telomerase activation from highest to lowest, 08AGTLF, OA, Nutrient 4, TA‑65, MA, Nutrient 3 and Nutrient 2, triggered statistically significant increase in telomerase activity compared to the untreated cells. 08AGTLF reached the highest levels of telomerase activity reported to date, at least to our knowledge, increasing telomerase activity by 8.8 folds compared to untreated cells, while Nutrient 4 and OA were also potent activators (4.3‑fold and 5.9‑fold increase, respectively). On the whole, this study indicates that the synergistic effect of nutrients and natural compounds can activate telomerase and produce more potent formulations. Human clinical studies using these formulations are required to evaluate their mode of action. This would reveal the health benefits of telomerase activation through natural molecules and would shed new light onto the treatment of aging‑related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Athanasios K Alegakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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159
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Rezaee R, Sheidary A, Jangjoo S, Ekhtiary S, Bagheri S, Kohkan Z, Dadres M, Oana Docea A, Tsarouhas K, Sarigiannis DA, Karakitsios S, Tsatsakis A, Kovatsi L, Hashemzaei M. Cardioprotective effects of hesperidin on carbon monoxide poisoned in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:668-673. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1650753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Sheidary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Jangjoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sarvenaz Ekhtiary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Somayeh Bagheri
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Zahra Kohkan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Madjid Dadres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Dimosthenis A. Sarigiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spyros Karakitsios
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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160
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Akinyemi AJ, Miah MR, Ijomone OM, Tsatsakis A, Soares FAA, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Venkataramani V, Aschner M. Lead (Pb) exposure induces dopaminergic neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans: Involvement of the dopamine transporter. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:833-840. [PMID: 31463204 PMCID: PMC6709386 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an environmental neurotoxicant, and has been implicated in several neurological disorders of dopaminergic dysfunction; however, the molecular mechanism of its toxicity has yet to be fully understood. This study investigated the effect of Pb exposure on dopaminergic neurodegeneration and function, as well as expression level of several dopaminergic signaling genes in wild type (N2) and protein kinase C (pkc) mutant Caenorhabditis elegans. Both N2 and pkc mutant worms were exposed to Pb2+ for 1 h. Thereafter, dopaminergic (DAergic) neurodegeneration, behavior and gene expression levels were assessed. The results revealed that Pb2+ treatment affects dopaminergic cell morphology and structure in worms expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under a DAergic cell specific promoter. Also, there was a significant impairment in dopaminergic neuronal function as tested by basal slowing response (BSR) in wild-type, N2 worms, but no effect was observed in pkc mutant worms. Furthermore, Pb2+ exposure increased dat-1 gene expression level when compared with N2 worms, but no alteration was observed in the pkc mutant strains. LC–MS analysis revealed a significant decrease in dopamine content in worms treated with Pb2+ when compared with controls. In summary, our results revealed that Pb2+ exposure induced dopaminergic dysfunction in C. elegans by altering dat-1 gene levels, but pkc mutants showed significant resistance to Pb2+ toxicity. We conclude that PKC activation is directly involved in the neurotoxicity of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodele Jacob Akinyemi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Mahfuzur R Miah
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Omamuyovwi M Ijomone
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States.,Department of Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA), Nigeria
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States.,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vivek Venkataramani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
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161
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Karaulov AV, Renieri EA, Smolyagin AI, Mikhaylova IV, Stadnikov AA, Begun DN, Tsarouhas K, Buha Djordjevic A, Hartung T, Tsatsakis A. Long-term effects of chromium on morphological and immunological parameters of Wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110748. [PMID: 31377140 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium raises high concern because of its wide industrial applications and reported toxicity. Long-term (135 days) oral exposure of Wistar rats to chromium in the form of K2Cr2O7 (exposed group~20 mg/kg/day) led to a decrease in thymus mass and thymocytes' number and caused structural and functional changes in the lymph nodes and spleen, namely lymphoreticular hyperplasia and plasmocytic macrophage transformation. Programmed cell death was increased in both thymocytes and splenocytes and decreased in lymphocytes in the T-zones of spleen and lymph nodes. Moreover, Cr (VI) administration decreased myeloid cells' and neutrophils' number, while it increased lymphoid and erythroid cells' number in bone marrow. Cr (VI) immune system effects seem to be related to oxidative stress induction, as depicted by the increased levels of diene conjugates and malondialdehyde in the spleen and liver and by the decreased activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in rats' erythrocytes. In addition, exposure to Cr (VI) decreased copper, nickel and iron concentrations in blood and liver, while Cr levels in blood, spleen and liver were increased, as expected. The observed changes in the series of immunological parameters studied contribute to the development of new approaches for the prevention of low level Cr exposure toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Karaulov
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya street, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Renieri
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece.
| | - A I Smolyagin
- Fundamental Research Laboratory, Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Street, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - I V Mikhaylova
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Street, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - A A Stadnikov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Street, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - D N Begun
- Fundamental Research Laboratory, Orenburg State Medical University, 6 Sovetskaya Street, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - K Tsarouhas
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - A Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - T Hartung
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Doerenkamp-Zbinden Chair for Evidence-based Toxicology, Baltimore, MD, USA; University of Konstanz, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Germany
| | - A Tsatsakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece; Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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162
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Radu IC, Hudita A, Zaharia C, Galateanu B, Iovu H, Tanasa EV, Georgiana Nitu S, Ginghina O, Negrei C, Tsatsakis A, Velonia K, Shtilman M, Costache M. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-CO-3-hydroxyvalerate) PHBHV biocompatible nanocarriers for 5-FU delivery targeting colorectal cancer. Drug Deliv 2019; 26:318-327. [PMID: 30896267 PMCID: PMC6442118 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1582729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aiming to address the issue of poor bioavailability of most anti-tumor medicines against colorectal cancer, we developed a targeted anticancer nanocarrier using biocarriers able to both bind and easily release their load in a controlled manner. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) carriers were obtained via the emulsification-diffusion method, loaded with 5-fluorouracil and then characterized in terms of particle morphology and size (SEM, DLS), drug uptake and release. The cytotoxic potential of the 5-fluorouracil-loaded polymer nanocarriers on human adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29 cell line) was investigated. The in vitro studies clearly demonstrated that while the nanocarriers themselves slightly alter HT-29 cell viability, when loaded with 5-fluorouracil they significantly decrease cell viability, suggesting that the polymer itself exhibits low cytotoxicity and the drug-loaded carrier acts in an efficient manner to kill HT-29 human adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Cristian Radu
- a Advanced Polymer Materials Group , University Politehnica of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Ariana Hudita
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Catalin Zaharia
- a Advanced Polymer Materials Group , University Politehnica of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Bianca Galateanu
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- a Advanced Polymer Materials Group , University Politehnica of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | | | - Sabina Georgiana Nitu
- d National Research and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry - ICECHIM , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Octav Ginghina
- e Department of Surgery , Sf. Ioan Emergency Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania.,f Department II, Faculty of Dental Medicine , Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Carolina Negrei
- g Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Bucharest
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- h Department of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Kelly Velonia
- i Department of Materials Science and Technology , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Mikhail Shtilman
- j Department of Polymers , D.I. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology , Moscow , Russia
| | - Marieta Costache
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
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163
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Tsoukalas D, Fragkiadaki P, Docea AO, Alegakis AK, Sarandi E, Vakonaki E, Salataj E, Kouvidi E, Nikitovic D, Kovatsi L, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Calina D. Association of nutraceutical supplements with longer telomere length. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:218-226. [PMID: 31115552 PMCID: PMC6559326 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleotide tandem repeats located at the tip of eukaryotic chromosomes that maintain genomic integrity. The gradual shortening of telomeres leads to cellular senescence and apoptosis, a key mechanism of aging and age‑related chronic diseases. Epigenetic factors, such as nutrition, exercise and tobacco can affect the rate at which telomeres shorten and can modify the risk of developing chronic diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a combination of nutraceutical supplements (NS) on telomere length (TL) in healthy volunteers with no medical history of any disease. Participants (n=47) were selected from healthy outpatients visiting a private clinic and were divided into the experimental group (n=16), that received the NS and the control group (n=31). We estimated the length of single telomeres in metaphase spread leukocytes, isolated from peripheral blood, using quantitative‑fluorescent in situ hybridization (Q‑FISH) analysis. The length of the whole telomere genome was significantly increased (P<0.05) for the mean, 1st quartile and median measurements in the experimental group. Similar findings were observed for short TL (20th percentile) (P<0.05) for the median and 3rd quartile measurements in the NS group, compared to the control group. The beneficial effects of the supplements on the length of short telomeres remained significant (P<0.05) following adjustment for age and sex. Telomeres were moderately longer in female patients compared to the male patients. On the whole, the findings of this study suggest that the administration of NS may be linked to sustaining the TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova 200349, Romania
| | | | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eralda Salataj
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, 70013 Heraklion
| | - Elisavet Kouvidi
- Department of Hematology, University of Crete, School of Medicine
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova 200349, Romania
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164
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Margina D, Nițulescu GM, Ungurianu A, Mesnage R, Goumenou M, Sarigiannis DA, Aschner M, Spandidos DA, Renieri EA, Hernández AF, Tsatsakis A. Overview of the effects of chemical mixtures with endocrine disrupting activity in the context of real-life risk simulation: An integrative approach (Review). World Acad Sci J 2019; 1:157-164. [PMID: 32346674 PMCID: PMC7188405 DOI: 10.3892/wasj.2019.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Research over the past years has indicated that chronic human exposure to very low doses of various chemical species in mixtures and administered via different routes (percutaneous, orally, etc.) should be the main focus of new biochemical and toxicological studies. Humans have daily contact with various chemicals, such as food additives, pesticides from fruits/vegetables, antibiotics (and other veterinary drugs) from meat, different types of preservatives from cosmetics, to name a few. Simultaneous exposure to this wide array of chemicals does not produce immediate effects, but summative effect/s over time that may be clinically manifested several years thereafter. Classical animal studies designed to test the toxic outcome of a single chemical are not suitable to assess, and then extrapolate to humans, the effects of a whole mixture of chemicals. Testing the aftermath of a combination of chemicals, at low doses, around or below the no observed adverse effect is stressed by many toxicologists. Thus, there is a need to reformulate the design of biochemical and toxicological studies in order to perform real-life risk simulation. This review discuss the potential use of computational methods as a complementary tool for in vitro and in vivo toxicity tests with a high predictive potential that could contribute to reduce animal testing, cost and time, when assessing the effects of chemical combinations. This review focused on the use of these methods to predict the potential endocrine disrupting activity of a mixture of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Margina
- 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Anca Ungurianu
- 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Goumenou
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion
| | - Dimosthenis A Sarigiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Environmental Health Engineering, Department of Science, Technology and Society, School for Advanced Study (IUSS), 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10463, USA
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elisavet A Renieri
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion
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165
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Goumenou M, Tsatsakis A. Proposing new approaches for the risk characterisation of single chemicals and chemical mixtures: The source related Hazard Quotient (HQ S) and Hazard Index (HI S) and the adversity specific Hazard Index (HI A). Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:632-636. [PMID: 31334033 PMCID: PMC6616343 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A hazard quotient (HQ) for a single chemical and the hazard index (HI) for a mixture of chemicals were first described as approaches for risk characterisation by the EPA. HQ is defined as the ratio of exposure to an appropriate reference dose such as the ADI. HI is the sum of the HQs of the chemicals in a mixture. HQ and HI have been used to characterise risk after various exposure scenarios. However, both approaches have a significant limitation in the way they are used. The accurate use of HQ or HI requires estimation of aggregate exposure, that is, exposure to a given chemical(s) from all possible relevant sources. In many studies, risk is assessed assuming exposure from a specific source such as, consumption of water or a specific food item, in which chemical(s) concentration(s) have been measured. In this case the classic HQ/HI approach can result in significant underestimation of risk. For this purpose, we developed an alternative approach, named as Source Related HQ (HQs) where HQS is the ratio of the exposure from the specific source of interest to the respected reference values. According to our approach the HQS, before being compared to the reference dose, should be adjusted by a correction factor, in order to simulate aggregated exposure. A correction factor can be calculated based on the permitted exposure contribution from the specific source to the permitted aggregated exposure. Another important limitation specific to the HI approach is the use of chemical specific ADIs that do not correspond to the same critical effect. In this study, we present an analysis based on the individual critical effects, in order to derive the critical effect and an adversity specific Hazard Index (HIA) and risk characterisation for the whole mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Goumenou
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece
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166
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Kavasi RM, Berdiaki A, Spyridaki I, Papoutsidakis A, Corsini E, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis GN, Nikitovic D. Contact allergen (PPD and DNCB)-induced keratinocyte sensitization is partly mediated through a low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMWHA)/TLR4/NF-κB signaling axis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 377:114632. [PMID: 31226360 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is caused by topical exposure to chemical allergens. Keratinocytes play a key role in innate immunity, as well as in ACD progression. The transmembrane Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), strongly implicated in skin inflammation, has the ability to bind Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs), like Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronan (LMWHA). Previously, we had determined that p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) modulate keratinocyte HA deposition in a manner correlated to their sensitization. In the present study, we aimed to investigate putative co-operation of HA and TLR4 in the process of PPD and DNCB-induced keratinocyte activation. Contact sensitizers were shown to significantly increase the expression of Hyaluronan Synthases (HAS) and TLR4 in NCTC2544 human keratinocytes, as demonstrated by western blot and Real-Time PCR. These data, in correlation to earlier shown enhanced HA degradation suggest that the contact sensitizers facilitate HA turnover of keratinocytes and increase the release of pro-inflammatory, LMWHA fragments. Treatment with exogenous LMWHA enhanced TLR4, HAS levels and Nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κΒ) activation. PPD, DNCB and LMWHA-effects were shown to be partly executed through TLR4 downstream signaling as shown by Real-Time, western blot, siRNA and confocal microscopy approaches. Specifically, PPD and DNCB stimulated the activation of the TLR4 downstream mediator NF-κB. Therefore, the shown upregulation of TLR4 expression is suggested to further facilitate the release of endogenous, bioactive HA fragments and sustain keratinocyte activation. In conclusion, keratinocyte contact allergen-dependent sensitization is partly mediated through a LMWHA/TLR4/ NF-κB signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela-Maria Kavasi
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Spyridaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Papoutsidakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, ESP, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George N Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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167
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Govorushko S, Rezaee R, Dumanov J, Tsatsakis A. Poisoning associated with the use of mushrooms: A review of the global pattern and main characteristics. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 128:267-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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168
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Vasilopoulos E, Fragkiadaki P, Kalliora C, Fragou D, Docea AO, Vakonaki E, Tsoukalas D, Calina D, Buga AM, Georgiadis G, Mamoulakis C, Makrigiannakis A, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. The association of female and male infertility with telomere length (Review). Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:375-389. [PMID: 31173155 PMCID: PMC6605974 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) has long been associated with aging, as telomeres serve as protective caps of chromosomes, and are thus deeply involved in the preservation of genome integrity and are vital to cellular functions. Traditionally, a strong link connects aging and infertility in both sexes, with an earlier onset in females. Over the past decade, telomeres have attracted increasing attention due to the role they play in fertility. In this review, we investigated the potential positive or negative association between relative TL and different factors of female and male infertility. A systematic search of the PubMed database was conducted. Out of the 206 studies identified, 45 were reviewed as they fulfilled the criteria of validity and relevance. Following an analysis and a comparison of the study outcomes, several clear trends were observed. The majority of female infertility factors were associated with a shorter TL, with the exception of endometriosis, premature ovarian failure and clear cell carcinoma that were associated with a longer TL and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which revealed conflicting results among several studies, leading to ambiguous conclusions. Male infertility factors were associated with a shorter TL. Although this review can provide an outline of general trends in the association of TL with infertility factors, further epidemiological and original research studies are required to focus on investigating the basis of these varying lengths of telomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Charikleia Kalliora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Domniki Fragou
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Buga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - George Georgiadis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Charalampos Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonios Makrigiannakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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169
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Wallace DR, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Schweitzer A, Djordjevic V, Djordjevic AB. Potential interaction of cadmium chloride with pancreatic mitochondria: Implications for pancreatic cancer. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:145-156. [PMID: 31115542 PMCID: PMC6559323 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is insidious with a high mortality rate due to the lack of symptomology prior to diagnosis. Mitochondrial involvement in PC development is becoming accepted, and exposure to cadmium (Cd) is suspected of being a risk factor for the development of PC; however, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, we examined the role of Cd as a mitochondrial toxicant and whether alterations in mitochondrial function may be an underlying cause for the development of PC. In this study, cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-mediated toxicity in hTERT-HPNE and AsPC-1 pancreatic cell lines was determined by MTT assay. We also investigated the release of LDH and the generation of free radicals. Mitochondrial toxicity assays were performed in media containing glucose (25 mM) or galactose (10 mM) and following exposure to CdCl2 (0-100 μM) followed by MTT assay. For the confirmation of mitochondrial toxicity, we measured the release of ATP following exposure to CdCl2. Initial experiments confirmed that exposure to CdCl2 did not reduce the viability of either cell line until a concentration of >10 μM was used. Non-linear analysis of the response curves revealed lethal concentration 50% (LC50) values for CdCl2 in the HPNE cells of 77 μM compared to 42 μM in the AsPC-1 cells (P<0.01). The CdCl2-mediated mitochondrial toxic effects were greater in the HPNE cells, suggesting a heightened sensitivity to the effects of CdCl2, not due to elevated oxidative stress. Increased mitochondrial toxic sensitivity was indicated by a 73.4% reduction in IC50 values in the HPNE cells cultured in galactose compared to culture in glucose media, whereas the AsPC-1 cells exhibited a 58.8% reduction in IC50 values. In addition, the higher concentration of CdCl2 elicited a significant cell-dependent effect on ATP release in both cell lines, suggestive of CdCl2 being a mitochondrial toxicant. Cell survival was unaffected following exposure to low concentrations of CdCl2; however, exposure did alter mitochondrial function (control cells > tumor cells). Therefore, the findings of this study indicate that the mitochondria may be a site of action for cadmium in promoting tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Wallace
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107-1898, USA
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Toxicology and Forensics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Amie Schweitzer
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107-1898, USA
| | | | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology 'Akademik Danilo Soldatović', Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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170
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Ghazanfarpour M, Najafi MN, Roozbeh N, Mashhadi ME, Keramat-Roudi A, Mégarbane B, Tsatsakis A, Moghaddam MMM, Rezaee R. Therapeutic approaches for neonatal abstinence syndrome: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:423-431. [PMID: 31093953 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) which is observed in 55-94% of the newborns from opioids-taking mothers produces deleterious neurological symptoms. Various pharmacological therapies have been investigated in neonates with NAS. This article reviews all studies on NAS treatment to analyze the duration of treatment, length of hospitalization and possible drug adverse effects. The search was limited to the randomized clinical trials which examined the treatments of neonates with NAS. Scientific databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Scopus were systematically searched. Retrieved articles were reviewed by two researchers and evaluated using the JADAD scoring system. Finally, the treatment duration, hospitalization length and drug side-effects were extracted. Methadone, buprenorphine and clonidine were found more effective than morphine. Diluted tincture of opium (DTO) in combination with phenobarbital or clonidine was significantly more effective than DTO alone. Clonidine was a significantly better adjunctive therapy than phenobarbital in reducing morphine treatment days. No significant difference was observed between morphine and DTO effectiveness. Deciding the optimal regimen to manage symptomatic NAS, as a single or an adjunct therapy is not possible based on the literature, due to the low quality, small size and short-term treatment considered in the published studies. Graphical abstract Process of selecting trials included in the present systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Ghazanfarpour
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mona Najaf Najafi
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Roozbeh
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Keramat-Roudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bruno Mégarbane
- Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Paris-Diderot University, INSERM UMRS-1144, Paris, France
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Campus, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, Thessaloniki, 57001, Greece.
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171
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Olaru OT, Zanfirescu A, Nitulescu GM, Nitulescu G, Dinu-Pirvu CE, Anuta V, Tsatsakis A, Spandidos DA, Margina D, Seremet OC. Predictive power of the Triticum root elongation test for the assessment of novel anti‑proliferative therapies. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:16-24. [PMID: 31115484 PMCID: PMC6559296 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of alternative techniques to reduce the number of animals used in anticancer research is an issue of current interest. The aim of this study was to validate the use of a simple and efficient alternative tool for the assessment of the potential of novel anti‑proliferative agents. A set of 20 compounds with various mechanisms were tested in the Triticum aestivum root elongation assay, using aminophylline as negative control. Hierarchical cluster analyses were performed using the furthest neighbor method based on Euclidean distance measure, and the compounds were statistically analyzed in reference to their anti‑proliferative pattern registered in the NCI60 human tumor cell line anticancer drug screen. A correlation between the Triticum test results and the NCI60 anti‑proliferative profile was made for a number of human cells that we defined as the Triticum cell panel. Linear equations were computed that can be used to transform the inhibitory effect measured in any future Triticum assay in order to predict the effect on particular human cells. Of the tested anti‑proliferative agents, methotrexate, colchicine, cantharidin, cisplatin and verapamil produced a growth inhibition over 50%. On the whole, the findings of this study suggest that the Triticum test can be used to detect several types of anti‑proliferative mechanisms, particularly those targeting tubulin, rendering it a useful tool with which to identify novel mitotic spindle inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Zanfirescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Valentina Anuta
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Denisa Margina
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Cristina Seremet
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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172
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Tsiaoussis J, Antoniou MN, Koliarakis I, Mesnage R, Vardavas CI, Izotov BN, Psaroulaki A, Tsatsakis A. Effects of single and combined toxic exposures on the gut microbiome: Current knowledge and future directions. Toxicol Lett 2019; 312:72-97. [PMID: 31034867 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human populations are chronically exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals. Predicting the health effects of these mixtures require a large amount of information on the mode of action of their components. Xenobiotic metabolism by bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract has a major influence on human health. Our review aims to explore the literature for studies looking to characterize the different modes of action and outcomes of major chemical pollutants, and some components of cosmetics and food additives, on gut microbial communities in order to facilitate an estimation of their potential mixture effects. We identified good evidence that exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and non-caloric artificial sweeteners affect the gut microbiome and which is associated with the development of metabolic, malignant, inflammatory, or immune diseases. Answering the question 'Who is there?' is not sufficient to define the mode of action of a toxicant in predictive modeling of mixture effects. Therefore, we recommend that new studies focus to simulate real-life exposure to diverse chemicals (toxicants, cosmetic/food additives), including as mixtures, and which combine metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomic analytical methods achieving in that way a comprehensive evaluation of effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tsiaoussis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 8th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Koliarakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 8th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Constantine I Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Boris N Izotov
- Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Psaroulaki
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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173
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Tzanakakis G, Neagu M, Tsatsakis A, Nikitovic D. Proteoglycans and Immunobiology of Cancer-Therapeutic Implications. Front Immunol 2019; 10:875. [PMID: 31068944 PMCID: PMC6491844 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disparity during the resolution of inflammation is closely related with the initiation and progression of the tumorigenesis. The transformed cells, through continuously evolving interactions, participate in various exchanges with the surrounding microenvironment consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, cytokines embedded in the ECM, as well as the stromal cells. Proteoglycans (PGs), complex molecules consisting of a protein core into which one or more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains are covalently tethered, are important regulators of the cell/matrix interface and, consecutively, biological functions. The discrete expression of PGs and their interacting partners has been distinguished as specific for disease development in diverse cancer types. In this mini-review, we will critically discuss the roles of PGs in the complex processes of cancer-associated modulation of the immune response and analyze their mechanisms of action. A deeper understanding of mechanisms which are capable of regulating the immune response could be harnessed to treat malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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174
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Papadakis GZ, Karantanas AH, Tsiknakis M, Tsatsakis A, Spandidos DA, Marias K. Deep learning opens new horizons in personalized medicine. Biomed Rep 2019; 10:215-217. [PMID: 30988951 PMCID: PMC6439426 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the idea of the personalization of patient care dates back to the time of Hippocrates, recent advances in diagnostic medical imaging and molecular medicine are gradually transforming healthcare services, by offering information and diagnostic tools enabling individualized patient management. Facilitating personalized / precision medicine requires taking into account multiple heterogenous parameters, such as sociodemographics, gene variability, environmental and lifestyle factors. Therefore, one of the most critical challenges in personalized medicine is the need to transform large, multi-modal data into decision support tools, capable of bridging the translational gap to the clinical setting. Towards these challenges, deep learning (DL) provides a novel approach, which enables obtaining or developing high-accuracy, multi-modal predictive models, that allow the implementation of the personalized medicine vision in the near future. DL is a highly effective strategy in addressing these challenges, with DL-based models leading to unprecedented results, matching or even improving state-of-the-art prediction/detection rates based on both intuitive and non-intuitive disease descriptors. These results hold promise for significant socio-economic benefits from the application of DL personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Z. Papadakis
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Medical Imaging, Heraklion University Hospital, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Apostolos H. Karantanas
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Medical Imaging, Heraklion University Hospital, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Tsiknakis
- Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Department of Informatics Engineering, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kostas Marias
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Department of Informatics Engineering, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
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175
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Henrich-Noack P, Nikitovic D, Neagu M, Docea AO, Engin AB, Gelperina S, Shtilman M, Mitsias P, Tzanakakis G, Gozes I, Tsatsakis A. The blood–brain barrier and beyond: Nano-based neuropharmacology and the role of extracellular matrix. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 2019; 17:359-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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176
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Kyriakos C, Vardavas A, Tzatzarakis M, Girvalaki C, Tsatsakis A, Vardavas C. Establishing a reference group of tobacco products representative of the EU market to support the decision on whether a tobacco product has a characterising flavour: Findings from the EUREST-FLAVOURS project. Tob Prev Cessat 2019. [DOI: 10.18332/tpc/105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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177
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Girvalaki C, Tzatzarakis M, Vardavas A, Kyriakos C, Karzi V, Stivaktakis P, Tsatsakis A, Vardavas C. Flavors, additives and nicotine levels detected among the most popular e-cigarette refill liquids across 9 European countries after the implementation of Tobacco Products Directive (TPD). Tob Prev Cessat 2019. [DOI: 10.18332/tpc/105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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178
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Taghizadeh SF, Rezaee R, Mehmandoust M, Madarshahi FS, Tsatsakis A, Karimi G. Coronatine elicitation alters chemical composition and biological properties of cumin seed essential oil. Microb Pathog 2019; 130:253-258. [PMID: 30910722 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present experiment evaluated how coronatine (COR) elicitation affects chemical and biological properties of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seed essential oil (CSEO). Following isolation of the EO, its chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; also, its bioactivities in terms of antimicrobial/antifungal, cytotoxic (measured by MTT assay) and antioxidant effects (evaluated by DPPH, β-carotene bleaching (BCB) and TBARS methods) were evaluated. COR-elicitation significantly increased CSEO yield and the level of its chemical components, especially cumin aldehyde which is the main component of CSEO. Results showed that COR-elicitation significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CSEO against 4 Gram-positive and 3 Gram-negative bacteria and 2 fungi. Moreover, elicitation markedly enhanced the antioxidant and in vitro cytotoxic activity of CSEO. Therefore, COR may be regarded as a useful biotic elicitor for improving EO chemical and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Campus, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece
| | - Masoumeh Mehmandoust
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Shirvan, Shirvan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Madarshahi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Shirvan, Shirvan, Iran
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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179
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Lee HJ, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Margina D, Izotov BN, Yang SH. Neuroprotective effects of Scrophularia buergeriana extract against glutamate-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:2144-2152. [PMID: 30896788 PMCID: PMC6443351 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities, as well as the underlying mechanisms of action, of Scrophularia buergeriana (S. buergeriana) extract (SBE) in glutamate-induced SH-SY5Y cell death. The roots of S. buergeriana were extracted with 70% ethanol, and standardized SBE was used in this study. To induce cytotoxicity, the SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to glutamate for 3 h, or pre-treated with SBE for 1 h, and subsequently incubated with glutamate for 3 h. The neuro-protective effects were assessed by measuring cell viability and the total glutathione contents using commercial kits. The antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms of action of SBE were evaluated by western blot analysis. The results confirmed that glutamate-induced toxicity was caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage, thus leading to cell death. However, treatment of the SH-SY5Y cells with SBE significantly increased the viability of the cells exposed to glutamate by upregulating the levels of antioxidant proteins, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, SOD2 and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), and directly enhancing the total glutathione contents. Furthermore, SBE attenuated DNA impairment and decreased B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax), cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation. In addition, SBE upregulated Bcl-2 expression via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrated that SBE exerts neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced cell toxicity through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Toxicology and Forensics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Denisa Margina
- Department of Biochemistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Boris N Izotov
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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180
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Renieri EA, Goumenou M, Kardonsky DA, Veselov VV, Alegakis AΚ, Buha A, Tzatzarakis MN, Nosyrev AE, Rakitskii VN, Kentouri M, Tsatsakis A. Indicator PCBs in farmed and wild fish in Greece - Risk assessment for the Greek population. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:260-269. [PMID: 30898530 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Health benefits of fish consumption could be counterbalanced by the intake of contaminants after long term fish consumption, burdened even in trace levels. The presence of the indicator PCBs (NDL-PCBs and PCB 118) in farmed and wild seabream and seabass was evaluated. For the determination of PCB, a GC-MS method was developed and evaluated. The association of PCB accumulation in fish with seasonality, locality, production mode and species was also investigated. A new approach for the risk characterisation after exposure to NDL-PCB through fish consumption in Greece was developed, based on the real exposure and the permitted maximum levels of both aggregated dietary exposure and exposure through fish consumption. PCB levels determined in fish were below established permitted limits (6.24 ng/g 95th percentile), while PCB levels and congener distribution varied significantly between farmed and wild fish (p = 0.001). Seasonality was highlighted as an important factor affecting NDL-PCBs accumulation, with high levels coinciding with the reproduction period of each species. Differences were also depicted for sampling sites, with PCB 118 presenting significantly higher values in open seas while NDL-PCB congeners in closed seas. Risk assessment of NDL-PCB intake through fish consumption corrected for the aggregated exposure revealed no risk for the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet A Renieri
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece.
| | - Marina Goumenou
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece
| | - Dmitry A Kardonsky
- Center of Bioanalytical Research and Molecular Design, FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia, Sechenov University, Russia
| | - Valery V Veselov
- Center of Bioanalytical Research and Molecular Design, FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia, Sechenov University, Russia
| | - Athanasios Κ Alegakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece
| | - Aleksandra Buha
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatovic", University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manolis N Tzatzarakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexander E Nosyrev
- Center of Bioanalytical Research and Molecular Design, FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia, Sechenov University, Russia
| | - Valerii N Rakitskii
- FBES, FSCH Named after F.F. Erisman» of the Rospotrebnadzor, Mytishchi, Russia
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science and Research, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Crete, Greece
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181
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Tsatsakis A, Stratidakis AK, Goryachaya AV, Tzatzarakis MN, Stivaktakis PD, Docea AO, Berdiaki A, Nikitovic D, Velonia K, Shtilman MI, Rizos AK, Kuskov AN. In vitro blood compatibility and in vitro cytotoxicity of amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:42-52. [PMID: 30836108 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on defining the in vitro behavior of amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (Amph-PVP) nanoparticles toward whole blood, blood plasma and blood cells in order to assess nanoparticle blood compatibility. In addition, possible effects on endothelium cell growth/viability were evaluated. The Amph-PVP nanoparticles were formed via self-assembling in aqueous media and composed of a hydrophobic alkyl core and a hydrophilic PVP outer shell. Their blood compatibility was evaluated by investigating their effect on red blood cells (RBCs) or erythrocytes, white blood cells (WBCs) or leukocytes, platelets (PLTs) and on complement system activation. Our results clearly demonstrate that the Amph-PVP nanoparticles are stable in presence of blood serum, have no significant effects on the function of RBCs, WBCs, PLTs and complement system activation. The Amph-PVP nanoparticles did not show considerable hemolytic or inflammatory effect, neither influence on platelet aggregation, coagulation process, or complement activation at the tested concentration range of 0.05-0.5 mg/ml. The Amph-PVP nanoparticles did not exhibit any significant effect on HMEC-1 microvascular skin endothelial cells' growth in in vitro experiments. The excellent blood compatibility of the Amph-PVP nanoparticles and the lack of effect on endothelium cell growth/viability represent a crucial feature dictating their further study as novel drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece; Department of Biomaterials, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation; Department of Technology of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Products, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation.
| | - A K Stratidakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - A V Goryachaya
- Department of Biomaterials, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation
| | - M N Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - P D Stivaktakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - A O Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Ai Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - D Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - K Velonia
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, University Campus Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - M I Shtilman
- Department of Biomaterials, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation
| | - A K Rizos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, FORTH-IESL, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
| | - A N Kuskov
- Department of Biomaterials, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation; Department of Technology of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Products, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation.
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182
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Dardiotis E, Aloizou AM, Markoula S, Siokas V, Tsarouhas K, Tzanakakis G, Libra M, Kyritsis AP, Brotis AG, Aschner M, Gozes I, Bogdanos DP, Spandidos DA, Mitsias PD, Tsatsakis A. Cancer-associated stroke: Pathophysiology, detection and management (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 54:779-796. [PMID: 30628661 PMCID: PMC6365034 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous types of cancer have been shown to be associated with either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. In this review, the epidemiology and pathophysiology of stroke in cancer patients is discussed, while providing vital information on the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer and stroke. Cancer may mediate stroke pathophysiology either directly or via coagulation disorders that establish a state of hypercoagulation, as well as via infections. Cancer treatment options, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery have all been shown to aggravate the risk of stroke as well. The clinical manifestation varies greatly depending upon the underlying cause; however, in general, cancer‑associated strokes tend to appear as multifocal in neuroimaging. Furthermore, several serum markers have been identified, such as high D‑Dimer levels and fibrin degradation products. Managing cancer patients with stroke is a delicate matter. The cancer should not be considered a contraindication in applying thrombolysis and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) administration, since the risk of hemorrhage in cancer patients has not been reported to be higher than that in the general population. Anticoagulation, on the contrary, should be carefully examined. Clinicians should weigh the benefits and risks of anticoagulation treatment for each patient individually; the new oral anticoagulants appear promising; however, low‑molecular‑weight heparin remains the first choice. On the whole, stroke is a serious and not a rare complication of malignancy. Clinicians should be adequately trained to handle these patients efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, 41100 Larissa
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, 41100 Larissa
| | - Sofia Markoula
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, 41100 Larissa
| | | | - Georgios Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Alexandros G. Brotis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, 41100 Larissa, Greece
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Illana Gozes
- The Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, The Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dimitrios P. Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 40500 Larissa
- Cellular Immunotherapy and Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Biomedical Section, Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas (CERTH) - Institute for Research and Technology-Thessaly (IRETETH), 41222 Larissa
| | | | - Panayiotis D. Mitsias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Comprehensive Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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183
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Tsatsakis A, Tsoukalas D, Fragkiadaki P, Vakonaki E, Tzatzarakis M, Sarandi E, Nikitovic D, Tsilimidos G, Alegakis AK. Developing BIOTEL: A Semi-Automated Spreadsheet for Estimating Telomere Length and Biological Age. Front Genet 2019; 10:84. [PMID: 30838025 PMCID: PMC6389611 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Telomere length (TL) is causally related to aging and several age-related diseases. Specifically, the abundance of short telomeres and the rate of telomere shortening are strong determinants of cell homeostasis. Thus, tools for analyzing and manipulating TL data can vastly improve research focused on aging. Aim: In this study, we developed a semi-automated worksheet, BIOTEL, to generate individual and group TL statistics and provide a crude estimation of biological age. Results: Data from the Telomere Length Database Project (TLDP) were implemented to the spreadsheet to produce TL statistics. 150 participants were included, and their age was from 21 to 82 years, and the sex distribution ratio was 52.3%: 47.7% (male: female). Initially, we analyzed the fluorescence intensities of telomeres that were measured on metaphase spread leukocytes using three-dimensional (3D) quantitative-fluorescent in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) procedures (3D DNA FISH) with a (C3TA2)3 peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe. Raw data of fluorescence intensities, demographic data and medical records from the participants were imported into the worksheet. Basic statistical analyses of TL data were provided through BIOTEL, including TL percentiles, specialized charts for TL distribution including the percentage of critically short telomeres (< 3,000 kilobases), individual telomere profiles, and graphs of biological age vs. chronological age. Conclusion: BIOTEL ver. 2.4 is a functional semi-automated worksheet that calculates a wide range of TL statistics, thus a useful tool with applications in research of telomeres and biological age estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsoukalas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Tsilimidos
- Metabolomic Medicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, Athens, Greece
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184
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Razgonova MP, Veselov VV, Zakharenko AM, Golokhvast KS, Nosyrev AE, Cravotto G, Tsatsakis A, Spandidos DA. Panax ginseng components and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2975-2998. [PMID: 30816465 PMCID: PMC6423617 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng is one of the main representatives of traditional Chinese medicine and presents a wide range of pharmacological actions. Ginsenosides are the main class of active compounds found in ginseng. They demonstrate unique biological activity and medicinal value, namely anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as anti-apoptotic properties. Increasing levels of stress in life are responsible for the increased incidence of nervous system diseases. Neurological diseases create a huge burden on the lives and health of individuals. In recent years, studies have indicated that ginsenosides play a pronounced positive role in the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases. Nevertheless, research is still at an early stage of development, and the complex mechanisms of action involved remain largely unknown. This review aimed to shed light into what is currently known about the mechanisms of action of ginsenosides in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Scientific material and theoretical bases for the treatment of nervous system diseases with purified Panax ginseng extracts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valery Vyacheslavovich Veselov
- Center of Bioanalytical Investigation and Molecular Design, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | | | | | - Alexander Evgenyevich Nosyrev
- Center of Bioanalytical Investigation and Molecular Design, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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185
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Mitroi M, Albulescu D, Capitanescu A, Docea AO, Musat G, Mitroi G, Zlatian O, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis G, Spandidos DA, Calina D. Differences in the distribution of CD20, CD3, CD34 and CD45RO in nasal mucosa and polyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2792-2800. [PMID: 30720103 PMCID: PMC6423629 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate that characterizes nasal polyps in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Inflammatory cell type was determined using specific markers. This evaluation was made possible by determining the expression of the following markers: CD20, a marker of B lymphocytes [using activated T cells (ATC) armed with CD20 antibody]; CD3, a marker of T lymphocytes (using ATC armed with anti-CD3 antibody); CD45, the leukocyte common antigen (using ATC armed with anti-CD45 antibody; and CD34, for the microvasculature of the nasal polyp (using anti-CD34 antibody). The diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) was made according to current EPOS guidelines based on patient history, clinical examination and nasal endoscopy. We examined surgically resected nasal polyps from 127 patients diagnosed with CRSwNP, who benefited from surgical procedures at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of our institution. The polyps were analyzed at the Department of Pathology of our institution utilizing histopathological and immunohistochemical methods as follows: Firstly, the tissues were paraffin-impregnated, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We then examined the expression of CD3, CD20, CD34 and CD45RO by immunohistochemistry with soluble labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP) complexes. We observed the following histopathological changes: The structure of the epithelium was evidenced by collagenous subjacent stroma with mixed areas, sometimes associated with hyaline zones. In all types of polyps, we also observed a diffuse underlayer or periglandular lymphoplasmacytic in filtrate composed predominantly from T lymphocytes and eosinophils. The histopathological changes suggest the chronic inflammation of the sinus mucosa, which was diffusely distributed in allergic polyps and with nodular distribution in fibro-inflammatory polyps. The number of B lymphocytes was greater in the fibro-inflammatory polyps. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that the inflammatory infiltrate in nasal polyps from patients with CRSwNP is mainly composed of T cells and eosinophils in all types of polyposis. In addition, a diffuse distribution of allergic polyps and the nodular distribution of fibro-inflammatory polyps, and the hyperplasia of the seromucous glands was observed. The determination of CD20, CD3, CD34 and CD45RO could be used to assess the inflammatory infiltrate of the nasal poplyps in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Mitroi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dana Albulescu
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Capitanescu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Gabriela Musat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Mitroi
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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186
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Boda D, Tsatsakis A. The Second Conference of the Romanian Society of Immuno-Dermatology, Bucharest, September 27-29, 2018. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:979-981. [PMID: 30679962 PMCID: PMC6327649 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boda
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Deparment of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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187
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Siokas V, Kardaras D, Aloizou AM, Asproudis I, Boboridis KG, Papageorgiou E, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Tsironi EE, Dardiotis E. Lack of Association of the rs11655081 ARSG Gene with Blepharospasm. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:472-476. [PMID: 30656493 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Blepharospasm (BSP) is a sub-phenotype of focal dystonia. A few genetic risk factors are considered to be implicated in the risk of developing BSP. There is recent evidence, based on results from GWAS and meta-analyses, to suggest that arylsulfatase G (ARSG), and more specifically rs11655081, is implicated in focal dystonia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of rs11655081 ARSG on BSP. A Greek cohort, which consisted of 206 BSP patients and an equal number of healthy controls, was genotyped for rs11655081. Only a marginal trend for the association between rs11655081 and the risk of BSP was found in the over-dominant model of inheritance [odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI): 0.64 (0.38-1.07), p = 0.088]. It is rather unlikely that rs11655081 across ARSG is a major genetic risk contributor for BSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kardaras
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Asproudis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstadinos G Boboridis
- 3rd University Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Papageorgiou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia E Tsironi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece.
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188
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Tavassoli M, Afshari A, Arsene AL, Mégarbane B, Dumanov J, Paoliello MMB, Tsatsakis A, Carvalho F, Hashemzaei M, Karimi G, Rezaee R. Toxicological profile of Amanita virosa - A narrative review. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:143-150. [PMID: 30705830 PMCID: PMC6348736 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, mushroom poisoning leads to a considerable number of deaths annually. However, no definite antidote has been introduced yet. A mushroom-poisoning outbreak occurred in 2018 in Iran; this overview presents geographical distribution of Amanita virosa along with studies reporting A. virosa poisonings. Also, main toxins of A. virosa, their toxicity mechanisms and pharmacological management of mushroom-poisoned individuals are presented.
Mushrooms account for a part of human diet due to their exquisite taste and protein content as well as their promising health effects unveiled by scientific research. Toxic and non-toxic mushrooms frequently share considerable morphological similarities, which mislead the collectors/consumers, resulting in mycotoxicity. Numerous mushroom species are considered “poisonous” as they produce dangerous toxins. For instance, members of the genus Amanita, especially A. phalloides, A. virosa and A. verna, are responsible for severe and even life-threatening noxious consequences. Globally, mushroom poisoning is a crucial healthcare issue as it leads to a considerable number of deaths annually. However, no definite antidote has been introduced to treat this poisoning. The present article discusses the characteristics of A. virosa in terms of epidemiology, mechanisms of toxicity, poisoning features and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Tavassoli
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asma Afshari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Andree Letiţia Arsene
- Department of General and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bruno Mégarbane
- Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Paris-Diderot University, INSERM UMRS-1144, Paris, France
| | - Josef Dumanov
- Mycological Institute USA EU, SubClinical Research Group, Sparta, NJ 07871, United States
| | - Monica Maria Bastos Paoliello
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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189
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Nikolouzakis TK, Stivaktakis PD, Apalaki P, Kalliantasi K, Sapsakos TM, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Souglakos J, Tsiaoussis J. Effect of systemic treatment on the micronuclei frequency in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2703-2712. [PMID: 30854044 PMCID: PMC6365930 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed type of cancer affecting males, and the second most diagnosed type of cancer affecting females, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. The estimation of the micronuclei (MN) frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from patients with CRC is proposed as a prognostic/predictive easy-to-use biomarker. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of systemic treatment on the MN frequency in PBLs from patients with CRC in order to determine the effectiveness of the MN frequency as a biomarker. For this purpose, from 2016 to 2018, we quantified the MN frequency as a prognostic/predictive biomarker in serial samples from 25 patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) using cytokinesis block micronucleus assay (CBMN assay). The MN frequency in the PBLs of the patients was evaluated before, during the middle and at the end of the therapy (approximately 0, 3 and 6 months). The results revealed a common pattern regarding the fluctuation in the MN frequency. Statistical analysis confirmed that when the disease response was estimated with radiological criteria, a good response was depicted at the MN frequency and vice versa. Consequently, the findings of this study suggest that the MN frequency may serve as a promising prognostic/predictive biomarker for the monitoring of the treatment response of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paraskevi Apalaki
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Kalliantasi
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Theodoros Mariolis Sapsakos
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Nursing School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Souglakos
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Tsiaoussis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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190
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Nica DV, Draghici GA, Andrica FM, Popescu S, Coricovac DE, Dehelean CA, Gergen II, Kovatsi L, Coleman MD, Tsatsakis A. Short-term effects of very low dose cadmium feeding on copper, manganese and iron homeostasis: A gastropod perspective. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 65:9-13. [PMID: 30468972 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The available information on the interplay between low-dose cadmium intake and copper, manganese, and iron homeostasis in invertebrates is limited. We have currently studied the accumulation of these trace metals in the hepatopancreas of adult snails, Cantareus aspersus, following 14 and 28 days of exposure to low doses of dietary cadmium, up to 1 mg/kg dw (dry weight). The cadmium dose, but not the duration of exposure, had a significant effect on hepatopancreas copper deposition, the values being significantly elevated compared to controls. A significant peak in manganese levels at 14 days was found in snails administered the lowest cadmium dose. These increases occurred even in the absence of cadmium increase in the hepatopancreas. Our data suggest that low dose cadmium feeding can produce a transient disturbance in hepatopancreas copper and manganese homeostasis. Such responses may serve as early biomarkers of physiological changes occurring during the initial stages of cadmium intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos V Nica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, RO, 300041, P-ta Murgu Eftimie 2, Romania.
| | - George A Draghici
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, RO, 300041, P-ta Murgu Eftimie 2, Romania.
| | - Florina-Maria Andrica
- New Jersey Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, 61 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - Sofia Popescu
- Faculty of Food Processing Technology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, RO, 300645, Calea Aradului 119, Romania.
| | - Dorina E Coricovac
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, RO, 300041, P-ta Murgu Eftimie 2, Romania.
| | - Cristina A Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, RO, 300041, P-ta Murgu Eftimie 2, Romania.
| | - Iosif I Gergen
- Faculty of Food Processing Technology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, RO, 300645, Calea Aradului 119, Romania.
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Michael D Coleman
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Pharmaceutics Dept., Aston University, B4 7ET, Birmingham, England, UK.
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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191
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Pikula KS, Zakharenko AM, Chaika VV, Stratidakis AK, Kokkinakis M, Waissi G, Rakitskii VN, Sarigiannis DA, Hayes AW, Coleman MD, Tsatsakis A, Golokhvast KS. Toxicity bioassay of waste cooking oil-based biodiesel on marine microalgae. Toxicol Rep 2018; 6:111-117. [PMID: 30622905 PMCID: PMC6317304 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The individual components of the biodiesel had a lower toxicity threshold than in the complex mixture. The B20 sample proved to be the most toxic for the red algae P. purpureum. The B100 sample showed the highest level of toxicity for the microalgae A. ussuriensis, C. muelleri and H. akashiwo. The sample of petroleum diesel B0 showed less toxicity compared to B20 and B100.
The world biodiesel production is increasing at a rapid rate. Despite its perceived safety for the environment, more detailed toxicity studies are mandatory, especially in the field of aquatic toxicology. While considerable attention has been paid to biodiesel combustion emissions, the toxicity of biodiesel in the aquatic environment has been poorly understood. In our study, we used an algae culture growth-inhibition test (OECD 201) for the comparison of the toxicity of B100 (pure biodiesel), produced by methanol transesterification of waste cooking oil (yellow grease), B0 (petroleum diesel fuel) and B20 (diesel-biodiesel blended of 20% biodiesel and 80% petroleum diesel fuel by volume). Two marine diatoms Attheya ussuriensis and Chaetoceros muelleri, the red algae Porphyridium purpureum and Raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo were employed as the aquatic test organisms. A sample of biodiesel from waste cooking oil without dilution with petroleum diesel (B100) showed the highest level of toxicity for the microalgae A. ussuriensis, C. muelleri and H. akashiwo, compared to hexane, methanol, petroleum diesel (B0) and diluted sample (B20). The acute EC50 in the growth-inhibition test (96 h exposure) of B100 for the four species was in the range of 3.75–23.95 g/L whereas the chronic toxicity EC50 (7d exposure) was in the range of 0.42–16.09 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Pikula
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
| | - A M Zakharenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
| | - V V Chaika
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation
| | - A K Stratidakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - M Kokkinakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - G Waissi
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, POB 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - V N Rakitskii
- The Federal Budgetary Establishment of Science "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F. F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 2 Semashko street, Mytishchi, Moscow Oblast', 141014, Russian Federation
| | - D A Sarigiannis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A W Hayes
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - M D Coleman
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Pharmaceutics Dept., Aston University, B4 7ET, Birmingham, England, UK
| | - A Tsatsakis
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation.,Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - K S Golokhvast
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation.,Pacific Geografical Institite FEB RAS, Vladivosotok, 690014, Russia
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192
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Bagheri G, Rezaee R, Tsarouhas K, Docea AO, Shahraki J, Shahriari M, Wilks MF, Jahantigh H, Tabrizian K, Moghadam AA, Bagheri S, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Hashemzaei M. Magnesium sulfate ameliorates carbon monoxide‑induced cerebral injury in male rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1032-1039. [PMID: 30569139 PMCID: PMC6323247 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has been shown to induce several cardiovascular abnormalities, as well as necrosis, apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brain. Magnesium sulfate (MS) has been shown to have beneficial activities against hypoxia in the brain. In the present study, the possible protective effects of MS against CO‑induced cerebral ischemia were investigated. For this purpose, 25 male Wistar rats were exposed to 3,000 ppm CO for 1 h. The animals were divided into 5 groups (n=5 in each group) as follows: The negative control group (not exposed to CO), the positive control group (CO exposed and treated with normal saline), and 3 groups of CO‑exposed rats treated with MS (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg/day) administered intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days. On the 5th day, the animals were sacrificed and the brains were harvested for the evaluation of necrosis, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Histopathological evaluation revealed that MS reduced the number and intensity of necrotic insults. The Bax/Bcl2 ratio and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in a dose‑dependent manner in the MS‑treated rats compared to the positive control group, while a significant dose‑dependent increase in Akt expression, a pro‑survival protein, was observed. In addition, MS administration reduced pro‑apoptotic indice levels, ameliorated histological insults, favorably modulated oxidative status and increased Akt expression levels, indicating a possible neuroprotective effect in the case of CO poisoning. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that MS may prove to be useful in protecting against CO‑induced cerebral injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Bagheri
- Department of Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9177948564 Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Jafar Shahraki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
| | - Malihe Shahriari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
| | - Martin F Wilks
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, University of Basel, CH‑4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hosseinali Jahantigh
- Department of Pathology, Amiralmomenin Hospital, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
| | - Kaveh Tabrizian
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdollahi Moghadam
- Department of Cardiology, Emam Reza Educational Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9137913316 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Somayeh Bagheri
- Department of Biostatisics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, 9861615881 Zabol, Iran
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193
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Tsatsakis A, Goumenou M, Liesivuori J, Dekant W, Hernández AF. Toxicology for real-life risk simulation - Editorial preface to this special issue. Toxicol Lett 2018; 309:33-34. [PMID: 30557596 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Centre of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marina Goumenou
- Centre of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Jyrki Liesivuori
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Dekant
- Institute of Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacherstrasse 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
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194
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Boda D, Tsatsakis A. [Editorial] The Second Conference of the Romanian Society of Immuno‑Dermatology, Bucharest, September 27-29, 2018. Exp Ther Med 2018. [DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boda
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Deparment of Medicine, Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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195
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Sevim Ç, Çomaklı S, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A, Özkaraca M, Mesnage R, Kovatsi L, Burykina TI, Kalogeraki A, Antoniou MN, Tsatsakis A. An imazamox-based herbicide causes apoptotic changes in rat liver and pancreas. Toxicol Rep 2018; 6:42-50. [PMID: 30560060 PMCID: PMC6289906 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the acute toxicity of an imazamox-based herbicide at 12, 24 and 36 mg/kg body (bw) weight imazamox equivalent dose on the liver and pancreatic tissue in Sprague Dawley rats. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, glucose, calcium as well as creatinine, were determined in blood samples, which were collected after 24, 48 and 72 h exposure. Caspase 3 and anti-insulin expression and immunopositivity were evaluated using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The imazamox-based herbicide evaluated in this study induced toxic effects even from the lowest dose tested (12 mg/kg bw). The two highest doses caused a statistically significant cytotoxicity on the Langerhans islet cells. Necrotic and degenerative changes were detected in hepatocytes at the two highest doses. Imazamox is considered to be poorly toxic to the liver. Nevertheless, the imazamox-based herbicide formulation tested here reduced the size of the β-islet cells, induced an elevation in serum glucose and calcium. Our data shows that commercial formulations of imazamox containing various co-formulants can have hepatic and pancreatic toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Sevim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özkaraca
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Tatyana I Burykina
- Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Kalogeraki
- Department of Pathology-Cytopathology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Toxicology & Forensic Sciences, Faculty Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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196
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Kostoff RN, Goumenou M, Tsatsakis A. The role of toxic stimuli combinations in determining safe exposure limits. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:1169-1172. [PMID: 30627517 PMCID: PMC6320263 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This editorial addresses the effects of toxic stimuli combinations on determination of safe Exposure Limits. Examination of thousands of Medline abstracts showed typically that combinations of toxic stimuli can produce damage even when the exposure level of each member of the combination is less than the lowest exposure level of the member that produced damage when tested in isolation. The synergy of the toxic stimuli in combination means less of each component stimulus is required to cause damage compared to exposure levels when tested in isolation. This Editorial concludes there is no reason to believe today that the Exposure Limits on potentially toxic stimuli that have been set by the regulatory agencies are fully protective against serious adverse health effects in all real life exposure scenarios. The conclusion is applicable to essentially all potential contributing factors to disease amenable to Exposure Limits, including not only chemicals but other types of exposures such as radiofrequency radiation (RFR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald N Kostoff
- Research Affiliate, School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Gainesville, VA, 20155, United States.,Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marina Goumenou
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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197
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Girvalaki C, Tzatzarakis M, Kyriakos CN, Vardavas AI, Stivaktakis PD, Kavvalakis M, Tsatsakis A, Vardavas C. Composition and chemical health hazards of the most common electronic cigarette liquids in nine European countries. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:361-369. [PMID: 30369275 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1527879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to identify the composition and reported chemical health hazards of the most common electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) in nine European Union (EU) Member States (MS) prior to adoption of the Tobacco Product Directive (TPD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Within the Horizon2020, EUREST-PLUS study, 122 of the most commonly sold e-liquids in 9 EU MS were randomly selected and purchased. A quantitative and qualitative chemical analysis was performed using a previously validated based gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The most commonly detected compounds were then divided according to the Danger Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and Warning GHS codes. RESULTS Within our qualitative analysis, 171 different compounds were detected. Discrepancies in measured versus reported nicotine concentration were identified. Forty-one (85.4%) of the most commonly detected compounds were registered with Warning GHS codes, 11 with Danger GHS codes and 9 with both codes. Of the total number of the detected compounds, 293 were attributable to fruits flavor, followed by tobacco flavor (204), nonalcoholic drinks (n = 64), desserts-sweets (n = 50), menthol - mint (n = 42) and alcohol (n = 39). Menthol which is classified as a strong irritant to skin and eye was the most frequently detected compound. CONCLUSION A large plethora of compounds with varying warning codes was identified in e-cigarette samples. The systematic monitoring and chemical evaluation of e-liquids are warranted, so as to ensure consumer protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charis Girvalaki
- a Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- a Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | | | - Alexander I Vardavas
- a Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | | | - Matthaios Kavvalakis
- a Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- a Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Constantine Vardavas
- a Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
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198
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Ke T, Gonçalves FM, Gonçalves CL, Dos Santos AA, Rocha JBT, Farina M, Skalny A, Tsatsakis A, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Post-translational modifications in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:2068-2081. [PMID: 30385410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) exposure remains a major public health concern due to its widespread distribution in the environment. Organic mercurials, such as MeHg, have been extensively investigated especially because of their congenital effects. In this context, studies on the molecular mechanism of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity are pivotal to the understanding of its toxic effects and the development of preventive measures. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation are essential for the proper function of proteins and play important roles in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. The rapid and transient nature of many PTMs allows efficient signal transduction in response to stress. This review summarizes the current knowledge of PTMs in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, including the most commonly PTMs, as well as PTMs induced by oxidative stress and PTMs of antioxidant proteins. Though PTMs represent an important molecular mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis and are involved in the neurotoxic effects of MeHg, we are far from understanding the complete picture on their role, and further research is warranted to increase our knowledge of PTMs in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
| | - Filipe Marques Gonçalves
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States
| | - Cinara Ludvig Gonçalves
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States
| | | | - João B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Anatoly Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl 150000, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow 105064, Russia; Orenburg State University, Pobedy Ave., 13, Orenburg 460352, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
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199
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Karimani A, Mohammadpour AH, Zirak MR, Rezaee R, Megarbane B, Tsatsakis A, Karimi G. Antidotes for aluminum phosphide poisoning - An update. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:1053-1059. [PMID: 30406022 PMCID: PMC6214862 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (AlP), an inexpensive solid fumigant, is frequently used for grain conservation despite its alleged high toxicity. Increased utilization of AlP for agricultural and non-agricultural purposes during the last four decades has resulted in increment of AlP-attributed poisoning numbers. Moreover, due to its limitless accessibility in developing countries, AlP has been increasingly used for suicide. Moisture-exposed AlP undergoes a chemical reaction producing phosphine gas, which in turn inhibits cytochrome oxidase and impedes cellular oxygen consumption. Lethality remains elevated reaching rates of >50% and no effective antidote is available. Nevertheless, experimental and clinical studies suggested that magnesium sulfate, melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, sodium selenite, vitamin C and E, triiodothyronine, liothyronine, vasopressin, milrinone, Laurus nobilis L., 6-aminonicotinamide, boric acid, acetyl-L-carnitine and coconut oil, may serve as antidotes by reducing the deleterious oxidative properties of AlP. This article reviews the afore-mentioned chemicals suggested to specifically treat AlP poisoning and discusses their protective mechanisms and main outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Karimani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bruno Megarbane
- Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris-Diderot University, INSERM UMRS-1144, Paris, France
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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200
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Girvalaki C, Tzatzarakis M, Kyriakos C, Vardavas A, Stivaktakis P, Kavvalakis M, Tsatsakis A, Vardavas C. Chemical analysis and hazard identification of the most common electronic cigarette liquids in nine European countries. Tob Induc Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.18332/tid/95141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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